专题7 形容词和副词八大要点归纳(讲义)-黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》(原卷版+解析版)

2025-05-29
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学段 中职
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 -
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 词汇知识,词法知识
使用场景 中职复习-一轮复习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 黑龙江省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 7.06 MB
发布时间 2025-05-29
更新时间 2025-05-29
作者 xxyy134
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2025-05-29
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编写说明:黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》(2020年版)及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第7个专题,内容为形容词和副词。 黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题7 形容词和副词(讲+练)【考点解读】 近三年真题显示,形容词和副词的题目涵盖了形容词和副词的多个考试重点。首先是形容词短语搭配,如 “be proud of” 表示 “为…… 感到骄傲” ,考查固定短语的掌握。比较级的用法是重点,包括规则变化和不规则变化,如 “big” 的比较级是 “bigger”,“bad” 的比较级是 “worse”,且可以用 “much” 修饰比较级表示程度加深;“the + 比较级,the + 比较级” 结构,表示 “越……,越……” 。“as...as” 结构用于原级比较,中间用形容词或副词原级,如 “as quickly as possible”“as careful as possible” 。此外,形容词修饰不定代词时要后置,如 “something important”“something interesting” 。还有形容词和副词的词义辨析,像 “everyday”(日常的,形容词)和 “every day”(每天,副词短语) ,“instead”(代替,副词)等在语境中的正确使用。这些都是形容词和副词在考试中的重要考查内容。 【知识点清单一】形容词和副词的基础知识 【要点精讲】 一、形容词的基本知识:定义,用法和位置。 项目 说明 例句 定义 形容词(Adjective)是描述名词或代词的性质、特征、状态或数量的词。 a beautiful flower(美丽的花)a tall boy(高个子男孩)happy children(快乐的孩子们) 用法 作定语,修饰名词,形容词通常位于名词前,直接修饰名词。修饰不定代词(something, anyone 等)时,需后置。 She has a new car.(她有一辆新车。) I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事要告诉你。) 作表语(跟在系动词后)(如 be, look, feel, sound, 等)后,描述主语的状态或特征。 The music sounds wonderful.(这音乐听起来很棒。) She looks happy today.(她今天看起来很开心。) 作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)“动词 + 宾语 + 形容词” 结构,补充说明宾语的状态。 Please keep the room clean. 请保持房间干净。 Her mother makes her happy. 妈妈让她高兴。 作状语(表伴随或原因) 少数形容词可作状语,说明主语的状态,相当于状语从句或分词短语。 He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又饿又累地回到家。 形容词的位置 前置定语(大多数情况)形容词位于名词前。 a big house, an interesting story 后置定语(特殊情况) 修饰不定代词时(如 someone, anything)。 Is there anything wrong?(有什么问题吗?) 由前缀 a -构成的形容词(如 afraid, alive, alone 等)通常作表语,若作定语需后置。 a man alive一个活着的人 The boy alone can solve the problem. 只有这个男孩能解决问题。 成对的形容词可后置。 a scientist young and energetic一位年轻有活力的科学家 二、副词的基本知识:定义,分类、用法和位置。 1.定义:副词(Adverb) 是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词,表示程度、方式、时间、地点、频率、语气等含义。 例句:She quickly ran to school.(修饰动词 “ran”,表示方式) He is very tall.(修饰形容词 “tall”,表示程度) Luckily, it didn’t rain.(修饰整个句子,表语气) 2.分类 类别 常用词 用法和例句 程度 副词 表示程度深浅,常见词: 绝对程度:very, extremely, totally, completely, too 相对程度:fairly, rather, quite, slightly, almost, nearly 否定程度:hardly, barely, scarcely(几乎不) 修饰形容词或其他副词: The movie was extremely boring.(修饰形容词) He speaks English quite well.(修饰副词) 注意:程度副词一般不修饰动词,除非是表状态的动词(如:I almost forgot)。 方式 副词 描述动作的方式,常见词: quickly, slowly, carefully, happily, angrily, loudly 修饰动词,通常位于句尾或动词后: She sings beautifully. He drove the car carefully. 时间 副词 表示时间,常见词: 具体时间:now, then, today, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, lately, recently 频率时间:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, rarely, occasionally 频率副词通常位于be 动词 / 助动词之后,实义动词之前:She is always late.(be 动词后) They have already finished.(助动词后) He often plays football.(实义动词前) 具体时间副词可位于句首或句尾: Yesterday, I went to the park. / I will go shopping tomorrow. 地点 副词 表示地点或方向,常见词: here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere 通常位于句尾,前面不加介词: Come here! She lives there. 疑问 副词 用于提问,常见词: when, where, why, how When did you arrive? How do you go to school? 连接 副词 连接句子,表示逻辑关系,常见词: 转折:however, nevertheless, though 因果:therefore, thus, consequently 并列:meanwhile, besides, moreover He was tired; however, he kept working.(表转折) It was raining; therefore, we stayed at home.(表因果) 句子 副词 修饰整个句子,表达说话者的态度,常见词:luckily, fortunately, unfortunately, clearly, honestly, actually Honestly, I don’t like this movie. Fortunately, no one was hurt. 3.副词的位置:副词的位置灵活,需根据类型和语境调整,以下是常见规则: 场景 用法 例句 修饰动词时 方式副词、地点副词、时间副词通常位于句尾,或紧跟动词后 She danced gracefully.(方式副词) They will meet here tomorrow.(地点 + 时间) 频率副词(如 always, often)位于be 动词 / 助动词后,实义动词前 He is never late. We have often visited this place. 修饰形容词或副词时 程度副词位于被修饰词前 This is a very interesting book.(修饰形容词) He runs too fast.(修饰副词) 修饰整个句子时 句子副词通常位于句首,后加逗号 Actually, I prefer coffee. Unfortunately, the flight was canceled. 4.词义辨析:易混淆的形容词与副词 易混词 词性 核心含义 例句 real / really real(形) really(副) real 表示 “真实的”(修饰名词);really 表示 “真正地”(修饰形容词 / 动词) a real story It’s really cold. good / well good(形) well(副 / 形) good 修饰名词或作表语;well 作副词修饰动词,作形容词仅表 “健康的” a good book / He plays well. She is well now. hard / hardly hard(形 / 副) /hardly(副) hard 表示 “努力的 / 地;硬的”; hardly 表示 “几乎不” work hard(努力工作) hardly any time(几乎没时间) late / lately late(形 / 副) /lately(副) late 表示 “晚的 / 地”; lately 表示 “最近” arrive late(迟到) I haven’t seen him lately. close vs. closely close动/副 closely副 close(接近地)vs. closely(密切地) Stay close to me.(靠近我。) Watch him closely.(密切监视他。) 【即时训练】(根据具体情况选做) 一、调整词序,使句子语法正确 1.runs / fast / very / he → ________________________ 2.girl / a / is / shy / she → ______________________ 3.speaks / English / fluently / very / she → ______________ 二、选择正确的词填空 1.He is ______ (real/really) sorry for the mistake. 2.The doctor says she is ______ (good/well) enough to go home. 3.I can ______ (hard/hardly) believe what I saw. 4.Have you seen Tom ______ (late/lately)? 5.She is a ______ (careful/carefully) student and does homework ______ (careful/carefully). 三、修改下列句子中的错误 1.She is a beautifully girl. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 2.He drives very quick. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 3.The food smells well. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 4.I hard ever eat junk food. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 四、阅读短文,用括号内词的正确形式填空 Hello, everyone! I’m Lucy. I have a ______ (happy) family. My father is a ______ (good) doctor. He works ______ (hard) in the hospital. My mother is a ______ (careful) teacher. She teaches English ______ (good). I am a student and I study ______ (hard) at school. We all live ______ (happy) together. 五、将下列中文译为英文,注意形容词与副词的正确使用 1.她是一个聪明的女孩。→ __________________________________ 2.他每天早上早起。→ __________________________________ 3.这个问题非常难。→ __________________________________ 4.他们开心地唱歌。→ __________________________________ 6、 单项选择题 1.She is a ______ singer. She sings ______. A. beautiful; beautiful B. beautiful; beautifully C. beautifully; beautiful D. beautifully; beautifully 2.The boy is ______ and he does everything ______. A. careful; careful B. careful; carefully C. carefully; careful D. carefully; carefully 3. He is a ______ friend. We ______ get together. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. good; often 4.The movie was ______ interesting. I ______ enjoyed it. A. real; real B. really; real C. real; really D. really; really 5.The ______ man looks ______. A. sick; sadly B. sick; sad C. sickly; sad D. sickly; sadly 6.The music sounds ______. I want to listen to it ______. A. good; again B. well; again C. good; loud D. well; loud 7. He runs ______ than before, but he still can’t catch up ______. A. fast; quick B. fast; quickly C. faster; quick D. faster; quickly (注:本题不涉及比较级用法,仅考查副词原形) 8.______, I passed the exam. A. Lucky B. Luck C. Luckily D. Luckiness 9.She is ______ at English, and her English is ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 10.The doctor says he is ______ now, so he can play sports ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 11. He works ______ every day, but he ______ has time to rest. A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly 12.The math problem is too ______, and I can ______ solve it. A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly 13.. I was ______ for school yesterday because I stayed up ______. A. late; late B. late; lately C. lately; late D. lately; lately 14.Have you seen Tom ______? He moved to a new city ______. A. late; late B. late; lately C. lately; late D. lately; lately 15.The ______ child looked at me ______ and said nothing. A. shy; shy B. shy; shyly C. shyly; shy D. shyly; shyly 16.The soup tastes ______ because my mother cooked it ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 17.______ people usually do things ______. A. Happy; happy B. Happy; happily C. Happily; happy D. Happily; happily 18.He is ______ tired that he can ______ keep his eyes open. A. so; hard B. so; hardly C. such; hard D. such; hardly 19.—How are you feeling today? —Much ______. I can go to school now.(注:本题不考查比较级,仅需判断词性) A. Good B. well C. better D. best 20.The ______ wind is blowing ______, and the trees are shaking. A. strong; strong B. strong; strongly C. strongly; strong D. strongly; strongly 【知识点清单二】形容词、副词用法注意事项 【要点精讲】 一、常见易混形容词辨析 形容词 用法 例句 以 -ed 结尾的形容词 修饰人,表示 “感到…… 的”,如 interested(感兴趣的), excited(兴奋的) I am interested in history.(我对历史感兴趣。) 以-ing 结尾的形容词 修饰物,表示 “令人…… 的”,如 interesting(有趣的), exciting(令人兴奋的) This movie is interesting.(这部电影很有趣。) alone vs.lonely alone 独自的(客观状态),不作定语。 She lives alone.(她独自居住。) lonely 孤独的(主观感受),作定语或表语。 a lonely village(一个偏僻的村庄) elderly vs.old elderly:较委婉,指 “上了年纪的”,常用于修饰人。 an elderly man(一位老人) old:泛指 “老的”,可修饰人或物。 an old tree(一棵老树) 二、副词常见错误及辨析 常见错误 辨析 误用形容词作副词 错:He speaks English fluent. ✘ 对:He speaks English fluently. √ 混淆 too, also, either too:肯定句,句尾,前加逗号(I like coffee, too.) also:肯定句,句中(She also likes tea.) either:否定句,句尾(I don’t like milk, either.) 混淆 so 和 such so + 形容词 / 副词:It’s so hot. such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词:It’s such a hot day. 三、形容词的固定搭配 固定搭配 用法 例句 It is + 形容词 + (for/of) sb. + to do sth. 当形容词描述事物性质(如 difficult, easy, important)时,用for。 It is important for us to learn English.(学英语对我们很重要。) 当形容词描述人的品质(如 kind, clever, rude)时,用of。 It is kind of you to help me.(你帮助我真是太好了。) make/keep sth. + 形容词 We should keep the environment clean.我们应保持环境整洁。 too +形容词+ to do sth.(太… 而不能…) He is too young to go to school.他太小,不能上学。 形容词+enough to do 足够用来... He is old enough to go to school. 他年龄足够大,可以去上学了。 四、形容词的语法注意事项 注意事项 举例 形容词不可直接修饰动词 修饰动词需用副词 “run quickly”(快速跑),不能说 “run quick”。 部分形容词无比较级和最高级 表示绝对概念的词 perfect(完美的), unique(独特的), absolute(绝对的) 表示国籍、材质的词 Chinese(中国的), wooden(木制的) 复合形容词的构成 由连字符连接,名词用单数。 例:a ten-year-old boy(一个十岁的男孩) a ten-years-old boy 五、词形转换:形容词与副词的基本变化规则 形容词→副词变化规则 示例 例外 / 注意事项 直接 + -ly quick → quickly 少数以y结尾且发音为 /i/ 的词需变y为i+ly(如:happy→happily) 以不发音的e结尾,去e+ly nice → nicely true → truly; 以辅音字母 + le结尾,去le+ly terrible → terribly possible → possibly 形容词与副词同形 fast, early, late 需根据语境判断词性 六、形容词与副词的位置与作用比较 词性 主要功能 典型位置 例句 形容词 修饰名词或代词,作定语、表语 名词前(定语);系动词后(表语) a tall building She looks sad. 副词 修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子 动词前后、形容词 / 副词前、句首(表语气) He speaks clearly./ It’s very hot. Luckily, he arrived on time. 【即时训练】 1. She is a ______ girl and she always talks ______. A. quiet; quiet B. quiet; quietly C. quietly; quiet D. quietly; quietly 2. It’s ______ difficult ______ understand the passage. A. so; to B. too; for C. very; that D. really; in 3. The cake smells ______ and sells ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 4. He works ______ but ______ complains (抱怨). A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly 5. The boy looks ______ because he lost his wallet. His mother looked ______ at him. A. sad; sad B. sad; sadly C. sadly; sad D. sadly; sadly 6.The girl sat there ______, with her eyes looking at the picture ______. A. quiet; careful B. quietly; carefully C. quiet; carefully D. quietly; careful 7.The soup tastes ______. I’d like some more. A. well B. good C. badly D. nicely 8.The old man lives ______ in the ______ village, but he doesn’t feel ______. A. alone; lonely; lonely B. lonely; alone; alone C. alone; alone; lonely D. lonely; lonely; alone 9.She did ______ in the English exam, so she looked ______. A. good; happy B. well; happily C. good; happily D. well; happy 10.It’s raining ______. We have to stay at home. A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly 11.The twins look the same, but their hobbies are ______. A. different B. same C. similar D. common 12.It's a ______ day today. Let's go for a picnic. A. rainy B. cloudy C. sunny D. snowy 13.The math problem is too ______ for me. I can't work it out. A. easy B. difficult C. simple D. interesting 14.She is wearing a ______ dress at the party. A. new B. old C. young D. fresh 15.The food in this restaurant tastes ______. I won't come here again. A. Delicious B. good C. awful D. nice 16.The little girl is ______ of the big dog. A. Happy B. afraid C. excited D. angry 【知识点清单三】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 【要点精讲】 1. 构成规则:规则变化和不规则变化 类型 原级 比较级(+er) 最高级(+est) 单音节形容词 tall taller tallest 以 -e 结尾的形容词 nice nicer nicest 重读闭音节(辅元辅) big bigger biggest 以 “辅音 + y” 结尾 happy happier happiest 多音节 / 部分双音节 beautiful more beautiful less beautiful most beautiful least beautiful 不规则变化 一坏(bad/ill)、二多(many/much)、三好坏(good/well),远(far)来老(old)了还有两特殊(little/farther)! good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.用法 形容词 说明 例句 比较级 用于两者之间的比较,结构为 “比较级 + than”。 She is taller than her sister.她比她姐姐高。 最高级 用于三者或以上的比较,前需加定冠词 the,结构为 “the + 最高级 + of/in...”。 He is the tallest in our class.他是我们班最高的。 同级比较 用 “as + 原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样”,否定用 “not as/so + 原级 + as”。 This book is as interesting as that one.这本书和那本一样有趣。 【即时训练】 1. This box is ______ than that one. A. heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviest 2. This book is ______ of all. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 3. He is ______ boy in the team. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 4. The weather today is ______ than yesterday. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. the worst 5. Which do you like ______, coffee or tea? A. good B. better C. best D. well 6. He is ______ at English than his sister. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. badly 7. Which subject is ______, math, physics or chemistry? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult D. worst 8. He speaks English ______ of all the students. A. good B. better C. best D. well 【知识点清单五】修饰形容词 / 副词比较级和最高级的常见词汇 【要点精讲】 1)修饰形容词 / 副词比较级和最高级的常见词汇 类别 词语 词汇 例句 修饰比较级的词 程度副词(加强比较级语气) much … 得多 He is much taller than his brother.他比弟弟高得多。 far远远… This problem is far more difficult than that one.这个问题比那个难得多。 even甚至更… It’s even colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天甚至更冷。) a lot … 得多 She runs a lot faster than me.她跑得比我快得多。 a bit/a little稍微… Can you speak a little louder?(你能稍微大声点吗? 其他修饰词(表示倍数或数量) 倍数词twice, three times 等 My room is twice larger than yours.我的房间比你的大两倍。 具体数量five years等 He is three years older than I.他比我大三岁。 修饰最高级的词 程度副词 强调“最…” 的程度 by far最…,显然 This is by far the best movie I’ve ever seen.这显然是我看过的最好的电影。 much(非常) She is much the most careful student in our class.她是我们班最细心的学生。 easily(无疑地) He is easily the fastest runner in the team.他无疑是队里跑得最快的。 限定范围的词(明确比较范围) in/of 短语(在… 中) She is the tallest in our school.她是我们学校最高的。 This is the most interesting of all the books.这是所有书中最有趣的。 one of(最… 之一) Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world.北京是世界上最大的城市之一。 记忆口诀 比较级前加 much/far/even,最高级前 by far 最常见;范围用 in/of 来限定,倍数数量跟后边。 2)关键点总结 修饰对象 常见修饰词 例句 比较级 much, even, far, a little, a bit, still, no, any She is much older than me.(她比我大得多。) 最高级 by far, almost, nearly, not quite, far This is by far the best movie I’ve seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影。) 原级 very, so, too, quite, rather It’s too hot today.(今天太热了。) 3)经典错误辨析 辨析 比较 记忆要点 不能修饰比较级的词 错:He is more taller than me.(✘) 正:He is much taller than me.(✔️) “more” 不能修饰比较级,需用 “much/far” 等。 最高级前的冠词 错:She is most beautiful in her class.(✘) 正:She is the most beautiful in her class.(✔️) 形容词最高级前通常加 “the”,副词最高级可省略。 【即时训练】 1. This bag is ______ heavier than that one. A. very B. much C. so D. more 2. She is ______ taller than her sister. A. still B. too C. many D. lots of 3. The weather is ______ better today. A. a bit B. a few C. quite D. very 4. This movie is ______ more interesting than the last one. A. even B. so C. such D. very 5. He is ______ the tallest student in our class. A. so B. by far C. very D. many 6. This is ______ the most delicious cake I’ve ever had. A. almost B. a little C. still D. more 7. That building is ______ not the highest in the city. A. quite B. far C. not quite D. much 8. She is ______ the best singer in the competition. A. very B. almost C. so D. a bit 9. The problem is ______ more difficult than I thought. A. too B. much C. very D. quite 10. This is ______ the most exciting game I’ve watched. A. far B. still C. lots of D. a little 【知识点清单六】比较级和最高级常用句型 【要点精讲】 1)比较级常用句型 句型类型 句型和含义 例句 基础比较结构 两者相比:A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B 含义:A 比 B 更…… This box is heavier than that one.这个盒子比那个重。 She speaks English more fluently than her brother.她英语说得比弟弟流利。 隐含比较,无 than,通过语境体现 比较级 + (than ever/before) 含义:比以往更…… He looks healthier these days.他最近看起来更健康了。 The city is more beautiful than before.这座城市比以前更漂亮了。 倍数比较(重点!) A +谓语+倍数+比较级+ than + B A + 谓语+倍数+ as +原级+ as + B My room is twice larger than yours. = My room is twice as large as yours.我的房间比你的大两倍。 This car runs three times faster than that old one.这辆车比那辆旧车快三倍。 越来越……同一事物的变化 比较级 + and + 比较级(单音节词 / 部分双音节词) more and more + 原级(多音节词 / 双音节词) Summer is coming. It’s hotter and hotter.(夏天来了,天气越来越热。) Our city is becoming more and more modern.(我们的城市越来越现代化。) 越……,越……两者同步变化 The + 比较级,the + 比较级 The harder you study, the better grades you’ll get.(你越努力,成绩就越好。) The more we exercise, the healthier we will be.(我们锻炼越多,就会越健康。) 2)最高级常用句型 句型类型 句型和含义 例句 范围限定的最高级(三者及以上) A + 谓语 + the + 最高级 + (名词) + in/of 范围 含义:A 是…… 中最…… 的 She is the tallest girl in our class. 她是我们班最高的女生。 This is the most interesting book of all. 这是所有书中最有趣的。 否定词 + 比较级 = 最高级(隐性最高级) 否定词(never/nothing/no one 等) + 比较级 含义:没有比…… 更…… 的 → 隐含 “最” I have never seen a more moving movie.(我从未看过比这更感人的电影。→ 这是最感人的。) Nothing is more important than health.(没有什么比健康更重要。→ 健康最重要。) one of + 最高级 + 复数名词(最…… 之一) one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 + 范围 The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world.(长城是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。) She is one of the most popular singers in China.(她是中国最受欢迎的歌手之一。) 最高级表示 “第 X 最……” the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + 范围 The Yangtze River is the second longest river in China.(长江是中国第二长河。) This is the third most difficult question in the test.(这是试卷中第三难的问题。) 3)易混句型对比 句型 含义 例句对比 A + 比较级 + than B A 比 B 更…… He is taller than his father. A + the + 最高级 + 范围 A 是…… 中最…… He is the tallest in his family. A + as + 原级 + as B A 和 B 一样…… He is as tall as his father. 4)经典错误提醒 错误类型 正误对比 要点 比较对象混乱 错:The weather in Beijing is colder than Shanghai. 正:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 比较对象需一致(天气 vs 天气,用 that 指代) 最高级前漏 the 错:She is best student in our class. 正:She is the best student in our class. 形容词最高级前必须加 the(副词最高级可省略) 5)记忆口诀 比较级,than 相连;最高级,the 在前; 倍数放前,范围跟后;越来越… 叠比较,越… 越…the 连两边。 【即时训练】 1. His room is getting ______. A. clean and clean B. cleaner and cleaner C. more clean and more clean D. more and more clean 2. Her English is getting ______. A. more and more good B. better and better C. good and good D. best and best 3. The city is becoming ______. A. more beautiful and more B. more and more beautiful C. beautiful and beautiful D. most beautiful 4.The harder you work, __________________. A. the better results you will get B. you will get better results C. the best results you get D. better results you will get 5.______ is ______, the red car, the blue car or the white car? A. What; expensive B. Which; most expensive C. Which; the most expensive D. Who; the expensive 【知识点清单七】最高级前的the 【要点精讲】 在英语中,形容词或副词的最高级前通常需要加定冠词 the,但在某些特定情况下可以省略或使用其他限定词(如物主代词、名词所有格等)。 必须用 the:形容词最高级后有比较范围(如 in/of 短语),或特指 “最…… 的人 / 物”。 通过语境判断是否存在 “比较范围” 或 “限定词”,是掌握该规则的关键! 1)以下是常见的 不用 the 的情况: 情况 例句 解析 最高级前有物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)或名词所有格 This is my best friend, Lily. 这是我最好的朋友,莉莉。 “my” 是物主代词,修饰 “best friend”,省略 “the”。 Tom is Mary’s tallest classmate. 汤姆是玛丽的同学中最高的。 “Mary’s” 是名词所有格,限定 “tallest classmate”,无需 “the”。 最高级作表语且不与其他事物比较(仅描述主语属性) 仅强调 “最……” 的程度,而非 “在某个范围内最……”,可省略 the。 She is busiest on Mondays. (她周一最忙。) 仅描述 “她” 在周一的状态,未与其他人或时间比较,省略 “the”。 He feels happiest when reading. (他读书时感到最快乐。) 强调 “他” 自己的感受,无比较范围,可不用 “the”。 最高级前有其他限定词(如 this/that/these/those/some/any 等) That is their most expensive product. (那是他们最昂贵的产品。) “their” 是物主代词,与 “most expensive” 共同修饰 “product”,无需 “the”。 Some oldest buildings in the city are under protection. (城市里一些最古老的建筑受到保护。) “some” 限定 “oldest buildings”,省略 “the”。 副词最高级前可省略 the(尤其是在口语中) 副词最高级修饰动词时,the 通常可省略。 She sings (the) most beautifully in our class.她在我们班唱歌最动听。 副词 “most beautifully” 修饰动词 “sings”,“the” 可省略。 He runs (the) fastest among the boys.他在男孩中跑得最快。 副词 “fastest” 修饰动词 “runs”,口语中常省略 “the”。 固定短语或习语中的最高级 某些固定搭配中,最高级前不用 the。 Best wishes to you! (向你致以最美好的祝愿!) “best wishes” 是固定短语,省略 “the”。 He tried his best to solve the problem. (他尽最大努力解决问题。) “try one’s best” 是固定搭配,用物主代词 “his” 代替 “the”。 2)易混淆对比 场景 正确表达 错误表达 解析 有物主代词 This is my oldest brother. This is the my oldest brother. “my” 已限定,无需 “the”。 副词最高级 She speaks English (the) most fluently. She speaks English most fluently the. 副词最高级 “the” 可省略。 固定短语 Give my best regards to your family. Give my the best regards to your family. “best regards” 是固定搭配。 【即时训练】 1.This is ______ biggest mistake I’ve ever made. A. a B. an C. my D. the 2.She is ______ tallest in our team. A. a B. the C. her D. / 3.He plays the piano ______ best in his school. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4.That’s ______ most interesting book I’ve read. A. my B. me C. the D. a 5.They are celebrating ______ youngest daughter’s birthday. A. they B. their C. the D. a 【知识点清单八】常用的形容词短语搭配 类别 短语 含义 例句 情感 / 态度类 angry with sb. angry at sth 对某人生气 因某事生气 She was angry with him for forgetting their anniversary. happy about sth. 对某事感到高兴 I’m happy about the new job offer. sad about/at sth. 对某事难过 He’s sad about the loss of his pet. excited about sth. 对某事兴奋 The kids are excited about the upcoming trip. nervous about sth. 对某事紧张 I’m nervous about the interview tomorrow. pleased with sth./sb. 对某事 / 人满意 The teacher is pleased with your progress. disappointed in/with sb./sth. 对某人 / 事失望 I’m disappointed in his lack of effort. surprised at/by sth. 对某事惊讶 We were surprised by the sudden news. proud of sb./sth. 为某人 / 事自豪 I’m proud of my daughter’s achievements. 能力 / 状态类 good at sth. 擅长某事 He’s good at playing the guitar. bad/poor at sth. 不擅长某事 I’m bad at math. skillful in sth. 在某方面熟练 She’s skillful in painting. experienced in sth. 在某方面有经验 He’s experienced in managing teams. interested in sth. 对某事感兴趣 Are you interested in history? bored with/by sth. 对某事感到无聊 I’m bored with this routine. tired of sth. 对某事厌倦 I’m tired of eating fast food. capable of sth. 有能力做某事 She’s capable of solving complex problems. afraid of sth. 害怕某事 He’s afraid of flying. fond of sth./sb. 喜欢某物 / 人 I’m fond of classical music. 关系 / 比较类 different from sth. 与某事不同 This book is different from the others. similar to sth. 与某事相似 Her style is similar to mine. familiar with sth. 熟悉某事 Are you familiar with this software? married to sb. 与某人结婚 She’s married to a doctor. responsible for sth. 对某事负责 Who is responsible for this project? related to sth. 与某事相关 His question is related to the topic. compared to/with sth. 与某事相比 Compared with last year, sales have increased. 时间 / 数量类 late for sth. 做某事迟到 He’s late for the meeting again. early for sth. 做某事早到 I arrived early for the appointment. ready for sth. 为某事做好准备 Are you ready for the exam? eager for sth. 渴望某事 She’s eager for success. short of sth. 缺少某物 We’re short of time. full of sth. 充满某物 The room is full of people. rich in sth. 富含某物 This region is rich in natural resources. generous with sth. 对某物慷慨 She’s generous with her time. 其他常用搭配 aware of sth. 意识到某事 Are you aware of the risks? keen on sth. 热衷于某事 I’m keen on hiking. ashamed of sth. 对某事感到羞愧 She’s ashamed of her mistake. suitable for sth. 适合某事 This dress is suitable for a party. fit for sth. 适合某事(强调能力或尺寸) He’s fit for the role. dependent on sth. 依赖某事 We’re dependent on technology. independent of sth. 独立于某事 She wants to be independent of her parents. patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 Teachers need to be patient with students. 【即时训练】 1.She is always ______ her brother’s achievements. A. proud with B. proud of C. pride in D. pride with 2. They were deeply ______ the news of the accident. A. shock at B. shocked by C. shock with D. shocking for 3.He has always been ______ solving complex problems. A. skill in B. skillful at C. skillfully in D. skill with 4. She seems ______ learning new languages quickly. A. capable to B. capable for C. capable of D. capability in 5. His approach is quite ______ mine in many ways. A. different to B. different from C. differ with D. difference in 6. Are you ______ the rules and regulations here? A. familiar to B. familiar with C. familiarize with D. familiarity in 7. I’m already ______ the upcoming(即将到来的) presentation. A. ready for B. ready to C. prepare for D. preparation of 8. He was ______ the deadline because of procrastination(拖延). A. late for B. late to C. delay in D. delay for 9.They became ______ the importance of environmental protection. A. aware with B. aware of C. aware that D. awareness in 10. She is never ______ helping others in need. A. tired with B. tired of C. tire from D. tire in 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明:黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》(2020年版)及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第7个专题,内容为形容词和副词。 黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题7 形容词和副词(讲+练)【考点解读】 近三年真题显示,形容词和副词的题目涵盖了形容词和副词的多个考试重点。首先是形容词短语搭配,如 “be proud of” 表示 “为…… 感到骄傲” ,考查固定短语的掌握。比较级的用法是重点,包括规则变化和不规则变化,如 “big” 的比较级是 “bigger”,“bad” 的比较级是 “worse”,且可以用 “much” 修饰比较级表示程度加深;“the + 比较级,the + 比较级” 结构,表示 “越……,越……” 。“as...as” 结构用于原级比较,中间用形容词或副词原级,如 “as quickly as possible”“as careful as possible” 。此外,形容词修饰不定代词时要后置,如 “something important”“something interesting” 。还有形容词和副词的词义辨析,像 “everyday”(日常的,形容词)和 “every day”(每天,副词短语) ,“instead”(代替,副词)等在语境中的正确使用。这些都是形容词和副词在考试中的重要考查内容。 【知识点清单一】形容词和副词的基础知识 【要点精讲】 一、形容词的基本知识:定义,用法和位置。 项目 说明 例句 定义 形容词(Adjective)是描述名词或代词的性质、特征、状态或数量的词。 a beautiful flower(美丽的花)a tall boy(高个子男孩)happy children(快乐的孩子们) 用法 作定语,修饰名词,形容词通常位于名词前,直接修饰名词。修饰不定代词(something, anyone 等)时,需后置。 She has a new car.(她有一辆新车。) I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事要告诉你。) 作表语(跟在系动词后)(如 be, look, feel, sound, 等)后,描述主语的状态或特征。 The music sounds wonderful.(这音乐听起来很棒。) She looks happy today.(她今天看起来很开心。) 作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)“动词 + 宾语 + 形容词” 结构,补充说明宾语的状态。 Please keep the room clean. 请保持房间干净。 Her mother makes her happy. 妈妈让她高兴。 作状语(表伴随或原因) 少数形容词可作状语,说明主语的状态,相当于状语从句或分词短语。 He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又饿又累地回到家。 形容词的位置 前置定语(大多数情况)形容词位于名词前。 a big house, an interesting story 后置定语(特殊情况) 修饰不定代词时(如 someone, anything)。 Is there anything wrong?(有什么问题吗?) 由前缀 a -构成的形容词(如 afraid, alive, alone 等)通常作表语,若作定语需后置。 a man alive一个活着的人 The boy alone can solve the problem. 只有这个男孩能解决问题。 成对的形容词可后置。 a scientist young and energetic一位年轻有活力的科学家 二、副词的基本知识:定义,分类、用法和位置。 1.定义:副词(Adverb) 是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词,表示程度、方式、时间、地点、频率、语气等含义。 例句:She quickly ran to school.(修饰动词 “ran”,表示方式) He is very tall.(修饰形容词 “tall”,表示程度) Luckily, it didn’t rain.(修饰整个句子,表语气) 2.分类 类别 常用词 用法和例句 程度 副词 表示程度深浅,常见词: 绝对程度:very, extremely, totally, completely, too 相对程度:fairly, rather, quite, slightly, almost, nearly 否定程度:hardly, barely, scarcely(几乎不) 修饰形容词或其他副词: The movie was extremely boring.(修饰形容词) He speaks English quite well.(修饰副词) 注意:程度副词一般不修饰动词,除非是表状态的动词(如:I almost forgot)。 方式 副词 描述动作的方式,常见词: quickly, slowly, carefully, happily, angrily, loudly 修饰动词,通常位于句尾或动词后: She sings beautifully. He drove the car carefully. 时间 副词 表示时间,常见词: 具体时间:now, then, today, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, lately, recently 频率时间:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, rarely, occasionally 频率副词通常位于be 动词 / 助动词之后,实义动词之前:She is always late.(be 动词后) They have already finished.(助动词后) He often plays football.(实义动词前) 具体时间副词可位于句首或句尾: Yesterday, I went to the park. / I will go shopping tomorrow. 地点 副词 表示地点或方向,常见词: here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere 通常位于句尾,前面不加介词: Come here! She lives there. 疑问 副词 用于提问,常见词: when, where, why, how When did you arrive? How do you go to school? 连接 副词 连接句子,表示逻辑关系,常见词: 转折:however, nevertheless, though 因果:therefore, thus, consequently 并列:meanwhile, besides, moreover He was tired; however, he kept working.(表转折) It was raining; therefore, we stayed at home.(表因果) 句子 副词 修饰整个句子,表达说话者的态度,常见词:luckily, fortunately, unfortunately, clearly, honestly, actually Honestly, I don’t like this movie. Fortunately, no one was hurt. 3.副词的位置:副词的位置灵活,需根据类型和语境调整,以下是常见规则: 场景 用法 例句 修饰动词时 方式副词、地点副词、时间副词通常位于句尾,或紧跟动词后 She danced gracefully.(方式副词) They will meet here tomorrow.(地点 + 时间) 频率副词(如 always, often)位于be 动词 / 助动词后,实义动词前 He is never late. We have often visited this place. 修饰形容词或副词时 程度副词位于被修饰词前 This is a very interesting book.(修饰形容词) He runs too fast.(修饰副词) 修饰整个句子时 句子副词通常位于句首,后加逗号 Actually, I prefer coffee. Unfortunately, the flight was canceled. 4.词义辨析:易混淆的形容词与副词 易混词 词性 核心含义 例句 real / really real(形) really(副) real 表示 “真实的”(修饰名词);really 表示 “真正地”(修饰形容词 / 动词) a real story It’s really cold. good / well good(形) well(副 / 形) good 修饰名词或作表语;well 作副词修饰动词,作形容词仅表 “健康的” a good book / He plays well. She is well now. hard / hardly hard(形 / 副) /hardly(副) hard 表示 “努力的 / 地;硬的”; hardly 表示 “几乎不” work hard(努力工作) hardly any time(几乎没时间) late / lately late(形 / 副) /lately(副) late 表示 “晚的 / 地”; lately 表示 “最近” arrive late(迟到) I haven’t seen him lately. close vs. closely close动/副 closely副 close(接近地)vs. closely(密切地) Stay close to me.(靠近我。) Watch him closely.(密切监视他。) 【即时训练】(根据具体情况选做) 一、调整词序,使句子语法正确 1.runs / fast / very / he → ________________________ 2.girl / a / is / shy / she → ______________________ 3.speaks / English / fluently / very / she → ______________ 答案: 1.He runs very fast. 2.She is a shy girl. 3.She speaks English very fluently. 二、选择正确的词填空 1.He is ______ (real/really) sorry for the mistake. 2.The doctor says she is ______ (good/well) enough to go home. 3.I can ______ (hard/hardly) believe what I saw. 4.Have you seen Tom ______ (late/lately)? 5.She is a ______ (careful/carefully) student and does homework ______ (careful/carefully). 答案:1.really 2.well 3.hardly 4.lately 5.careful 6.carefully 三、修改下列句子中的错误 1.She is a beautifully girl. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 2.He drives very quick. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 3.The food smells well. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 4.I hard ever eat junk food. 错误:______ → 改正:(原因:) 答案:1.beautifully → beautiful,形容词修饰名词 girl; 2.quick → quickly,副词修饰动词 drives; 3.well → good,形容词作表语(smell 为系动词); 4.hard → hardly,hardly 表示 “几乎不”,hard 无此含义 四、阅读短文,用括号内词的正确形式填空 Hello, everyone! I’m Lucy. I have a ______ (happy) family. My father is a ______ (good) doctor. He works ______ (hard) in the hospital. My mother is a ______ (careful) teacher. She teaches English ______ (good). I am a student and I study ______ (hard) at school. We all live ______ (happy) together. 答案:happy; good; hard; careful; well; hard; happily 五、将下列中文译为英文,注意形容词与副词的正确使用 1.她是一个聪明的女孩。→ __________________________________ 2.他每天早上早起。→ __________________________________ 3.这个问题非常难。→ __________________________________ 4.他们开心地唱歌。→ __________________________________ 答案: 1.She is a smart girl. 2.He gets up early every morning. 3.This problem is very difficult. 4.They sing happily. 6、 单项选择题 1.She is a ______ singer. She sings ______. A. beautiful; beautiful B. beautiful; beautifully C. beautifully; beautiful D. beautifully; beautifully 答案:B 解析:第一个空用形容词beautiful修饰名词singer;第二个空用副词beautifully修饰动词sings。 2.The boy is ______ and he does everything ______. A. careful; careful B. careful; carefully C. carefully; careful D. carefully; carefully 答案:B 解析:第一个空用形容词careful作表语;第二个空用副词carefully修饰动词does。 3. He is a ______ friend. We ______ get together. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. good; often 答案:D 解析:good是形容词修饰名词friend;often是副词表示频率,而非形容词 / 副词同形的well(well 作形容词仅表 “健康的”)。 4.The movie was ______ interesting. I ______ enjoyed it. A. real; real B. really; real C. real; really D. really; really 答案:D 解析:第一个空用副词really修饰形容词interesting;第二个空用副词really修饰动词enjoyed。 5.The ______ man looks ______. A. sick; sadly B. sick; sad C. sickly; sad D. sickly; sadly 答案:B 解析:第一个空sick(形容词)作定语修饰man;第二个空sad(形容词)作表语,位于系动词looks后。 6.The music sounds ______. I want to listen to it ______. A. good; again B. well; again C. good; loud D. well; loud 答案:A 解析:sound是系动词,后接形容词good作表语;again是副词修饰动词listen。 7. He runs ______ than before, but he still can’t catch up ______. A. fast; quick B. fast; quickly C. faster; quick D. faster; quickly (注:本题不涉及比较级用法,仅考查副词原形) 答案:B 解析:第一空fast是副词原形修饰动词runs(faster为比较级,本题不涉及);第二空quickly是副词修饰动词catch up。 8.______, I passed the exam. A. Lucky B. Luck C. Luckily D. Luckiness 答案:C 解析:Luckily是副词作状语,修饰整个句子,意为 “幸运地”。 9.She is ______ at English, and her English is ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 答案:A 解析:be good at是固定搭配;第二个空good作表语,意为 “她的英语很好”。 10.The doctor says he is ______ now, so he can play sports ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 答案:D 解析:第一个空well作形容词表 “健康的”;第二个空well作副词修饰动词play。 11. He works ______ every day, but he ______ has time to rest. A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly 答案:B 解析:work hard意为 “努力工作”;hardly意为 “几乎不”,表示 “几乎没时间休息”。 12.The math problem is too ______, and I can ______ solve it. A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly 答案:B 解析:第一个空hard作形容词 “困难的”;第二个空hardly作副词 “几乎不”,表示 “几乎无法解决”。 13.. I was ______ for school yesterday because I stayed up ______. A. late; late B. late; lately C. lately; late D. lately; lately 答案:A 解析:两个空均用late,第一个是 “迟到”,第二个是 “熬夜到很晚”;lately意为 “最近”,不符合语境。 14.Have you seen Tom ______? He moved to a new city ______. A. late; late B. late; lately C. lately; late D. lately; lately 答案:C 解析:第一个空lately意为 “最近”(疑问句中常用);第二个空late意为 “晚地”,表示 “他最近搬到新城市,很晚才安定下来”。 15.The ______ child looked at me ______ and said nothing. A. shy; shy B. shy; shyly C. shyly; shy D. shyly; shyly 答案:B 解析:第一个空shy(形容词)修饰名词child;第二个空shyly(副词)修饰动词looked。 16.The soup tastes ______ because my mother cooked it ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 答案:B 解析:taste是系动词,后接形容词good;well是副词修饰动词cooked。 17.______ people usually do things ______. A. Happy; happy B. Happy; happily C. Happily; happy D. Happily; happily 答案:B 解析:第一个空Happy(形容词)修饰名词people;第二个空happily(副词)修饰动词do。 18.He is ______ tired that he can ______ keep his eyes open. A. so; hard B. so; hardly C. such; hard D. such; hardly 答案:B 解析:so...that...结构中,so修饰形容词tired;hardly表示 “几乎不”,符合 “累到几乎睁不开眼” 的语境。 19.—How are you feeling today? —Much ______. I can go to school now.(注:本题不考查比较级,仅需判断词性) A. Good B. well C. better D. best 答案:B 解析:回答 “感觉好” 用形容词well(表健康),much在此处为程度副词,修饰well(非比较级)。 20.The ______ wind is blowing ______, and the trees are shaking. A. strong; strong B. strong; strongly C. strongly; strong D. strongly; strongly 答案:B 解析:第一个空strong(形容词)修饰名词wind;第二个空strongly(副词)修饰动词blowing。 【知识点清单二】形容词、副词用法注意事项 【要点精讲】 一、常见易混形容词辨析 形容词 用法 例句 以 -ed 结尾的形容词 修饰人,表示 “感到…… 的”,如 interested(感兴趣的), excited(兴奋的) I am interested in history.(我对历史感兴趣。) 以-ing 结尾的形容词 修饰物,表示 “令人…… 的”,如 interesting(有趣的), exciting(令人兴奋的) This movie is interesting.(这部电影很有趣。) alone vs.lonely alone 独自的(客观状态),不作定语。 She lives alone.(她独自居住。) lonely 孤独的(主观感受),作定语或表语。 a lonely village(一个偏僻的村庄) elderly vs.old elderly:较委婉,指 “上了年纪的”,常用于修饰人。 an elderly man(一位老人) old:泛指 “老的”,可修饰人或物。 an old tree(一棵老树) 二、副词常见错误及辨析 常见错误 辨析 误用形容词作副词 错:He speaks English fluent. ✘ 对:He speaks English fluently. √ 混淆 too, also, either too:肯定句,句尾,前加逗号(I like coffee, too.) also:肯定句,句中(She also likes tea.) either:否定句,句尾(I don’t like milk, either.) 混淆 so 和 such so + 形容词 / 副词:It’s so hot. such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词:It’s such a hot day. 三、形容词的固定搭配 固定搭配 用法 例句 It is + 形容词 + (for/of) sb. + to do sth. 当形容词描述事物性质(如 difficult, easy, important)时,用for。 It is important for us to learn English.(学英语对我们很重要。) 当形容词描述人的品质(如 kind, clever, rude)时,用of。 It is kind of you to help me.(你帮助我真是太好了。) make/keep sth. + 形容词 We should keep the environment clean.我们应保持环境整洁。 too +形容词+ to do sth.(太… 而不能…) He is too young to go to school.他太小,不能上学。 形容词+enough to do 足够用来... He is old enough to go to school. 他年龄足够大,可以去上学了。 四、形容词的语法注意事项 注意事项 举例 形容词不可直接修饰动词 修饰动词需用副词 “run quickly”(快速跑),不能说 “run quick”。 部分形容词无比较级和最高级 表示绝对概念的词 perfect(完美的), unique(独特的), absolute(绝对的) 表示国籍、材质的词 Chinese(中国的), wooden(木制的) 复合形容词的构成 由连字符连接,名词用单数。 例:a ten-year-old boy(一个十岁的男孩) a ten-years-old boy 五、词形转换:形容词与副词的基本变化规则 形容词→副词变化规则 示例 例外 / 注意事项 直接 + -ly quick → quickly 少数以y结尾且发音为 /i/ 的词需变y为i+ly(如:happy→happily) 以不发音的e结尾,去e+ly nice → nicely true → truly; 以辅音字母 + le结尾,去le+ly terrible → terribly possible → possibly 形容词与副词同形 fast, early, late 需根据语境判断词性 六、形容词与副词的位置与作用比较 词性 主要功能 典型位置 例句 形容词 修饰名词或代词,作定语、表语 名词前(定语);系动词后(表语) a tall building She looks sad. 副词 修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子 动词前后、形容词 / 副词前、句首(表语气) He speaks clearly./ It’s very hot. Luckily, he arrived on time. 【即时训练】 1. She is a ______ girl and she always talks ______. A. quiet; quiet B. quiet; quietly C. quietly; quiet D. quietly; quietly 答案:B 解析:第一空需形容词quiet修饰名词 “girl”; 第二空需副词quietly修饰动词 “talks”,注意 “quiet” 变副词直接 + ly。 2. It’s ______ difficult ______ understand the passage. A. so; to B. too; for C. very; that D. really; in 答案:A 解析:so是副词,修饰形容词 “difficult”,结构为 “so + 形容词 + to do”(太…… 以至于能……); 易错项 C:“very” 虽可修饰形容词,但 “that” 后需接从句,此处为不定式,排除。 3. The cake smells ______ and sells ______. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good D. well; well 答案:B 解析:第一空:“smell” 是系动词,后接形容词good(表 “闻起来好”); 第二空:“sell” 是实义动词,用副词well修饰(表 “卖得好”),注意 “well” 作副词时表示 “好地”,作形容词仅表 “健康的”。 4. He works ______ but ______ complains (抱怨). A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard D. hardly; hardly 答案:B 解析:hard(副词)表示 “努力地”,修饰 “works”; hardly(副词)表示 “几乎不”,修饰 “complains”,句意为 “他工作努力但几乎不抱怨”。 易错点:混淆 “hard”(努力地)和 “hardly”(几乎不)的词义。 5. The boy looks ______ because he lost his wallet. His mother looked ______ at him. A. sad; sad B. sad; sadly C. sadly; sad D. sadly; sadly 答案:B 解析:第一空:“look” 是系动词,后接形容词sad作表语(表 “看起来难过”); 第二空:“look at” 是实义动词短语,用副词sadly修饰(表 “难过地看着”)。 关键点:根据 “look” 是否为系动词判断词性 —— 后接形容词时为系动词,修饰动作时需用副词。 6.The girl sat there ______, with her eyes looking at the picture ______. A. quiet; careful B. quietly; carefully C. quiet; carefully D. quietly; careful 答案:C 解析:第一空修饰动词 “sat”,需用副词 “quietly”,但选项中无此组合?仔细看选项,发现选项 C 的第一空是 “quiet”,这是因为此处可理解为形容词作伴随状语,描述主语的状态(安静地坐着); 第二空修饰动词 “looking at”,需用副词 “carefully”。 关键点:形容词作伴随状语时,可直接描述主语状态,无需副词。 7.The soup tastes ______. I’d like some more. A. well B. good C. badly D. nicely 答案:B 解析:“tastes” 是系动词,后接形容词作表语。 选项中 “good”(好的)是形容词,符合语境(汤尝起来好,想再喝); “well” 作形容词时仅表示 “身体好”,此处不适用。 8.The old man lives ______ in the ______ village, but he doesn’t feel ______. A. alone; lonely; lonely B. lonely; alone; alone C. alone; alone; lonely D. lonely; lonely; alone 答案:A 解析:“live alone” 表示 “独自居住”(alone 为副词,强调客观独处); “lonely” 是形容词,意为 “孤独的”,可修饰 “village”(偏僻的村庄)或描述人的感受(feel lonely,感到孤独)。搭配:alone(客观独处)+ lonely(主观感受 / 环境偏僻)。 9.She did ______ in the English exam, so she looked ______. A. good; happy B. well; happily C. good; happily D. well; happy 答案:D 解析:第一空修饰动词 “did”,用副词 “well”(do well in,擅长); 第二空 “looked” 是系动词,后接形容词 “happy” 作表语(看起来开心)。 陷阱:注意系动词后接形容词,而非副词。 10.It’s raining ______. We have to stay at home. A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly 答案:B 解析:修饰动词 “raining” 需用副词,排除形容词 “heavy”; “heavily” 表示 “雨下得大”,是固定搭配;“strong” 多形容风(strong wind),不用于雨。 11.The twins look the same, but their hobbies are ______. A. different B. same C. similar D. common 答案:A 解析:前半句 “look the same”(看起来一样),转折词 “but” 提示后半句应为相反含义; “different”(不同的)符合语境,与 “same”(相同)反义,“similar”(相似)和 “common”(普通)不符合转折逻辑。 12.It's a ______ day today. Let's go for a picnic. A. rainy B. cloudy C. sunny D. snowy 答案:C 解析:野餐需要好天气,排除 “rainy”(下雨的)、“cloudy”(多云的)、“snowy”(下雪的); “sunny”(晴朗的)是最佳选择。 13.The math problem is too ______ for me. I can't work it out. A. easy B. difficult C. simple D. interesting 答案:B 解析:“can’t work it out” 表明题目难,排除 “easy”(简单)、“simple”(简单)、“interesting”(有趣);“difficult”(困难的)符合句意。 14.She is wearing a ______ dress at the party. A. new B. old C. young D. fresh 答案:A 解析:“She is wearing a ______ dress” 需用形容词修饰服装; “new”(新的)和 “old”(旧的)均可,但无上下文时选中性词 “new” 更合理; “young”(年轻的)修饰人,“fresh”(新鲜的)不形容服装。 15.The food in this restaurant tastes ______. I won't come here again. A. Delicious B. good C. awful D. nice 答案:C(注:原题序号重复,此处按顺序为第 15 题) 解析:“won’t come here again” 表明食物难吃,排除 “delicious”(美味)、“good”(好)、“nice”(好);“awful”(糟糕的)符合语境。 16.The little girl is ______ of the big dog. A. Happy B. afraid C. excited D. angry 答案:B 解析:“little girl” 和 “big dog” 暗示恐惧,“afraid of”(害怕)是固定搭配; “happy”(开心)、“excited”(兴奋)、“angry”(生气)均不符合语境。 【知识点清单三】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 【要点精讲】 1. 构成规则:规则变化和不规则变化 类型 原级 比较级(+er) 最高级(+est) 单音节形容词 tall taller tallest 以 -e 结尾的形容词 nice nicer nicest 重读闭音节(辅元辅) big bigger biggest 以 “辅音 + y” 结尾 happy happier happiest 多音节 / 部分双音节 beautiful more beautiful less beautiful most beautiful least beautiful 不规则变化 一坏(bad/ill)、二多(many/much)、三好坏(good/well),远(far)来老(old)了还有两特殊(little/farther)! good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.用法 形容词 说明 例句 比较级 用于两者之间的比较,结构为 “比较级 + than”。 She is taller than her sister.她比她姐姐高。 最高级 用于三者或以上的比较,前需加定冠词 the,结构为 “the + 最高级 + of/in...”。 He is the tallest in our class.他是我们班最高的。 同级比较 用 “as + 原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样”,否定用 “not as/so + 原级 + as”。 This book is as interesting as that one.这本书和那本一样有趣。 【即时训练】 1. This box is ______ than that one. A. heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviest 答案:B 解析:句中有 “than”,需用比较级,“heavy” 的比较级为 “heavier”。 2. This book is ______ of all. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 答案:D 解析:“of all” 表示范围,用最高级,多音节形容词 “interesting” 的最高级为 “the most interesting”。 3. He is ______ boy in the team. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 答案:D 解析:“in the team” 表示范围,用最高级,“young” 的最高级为 “the youngest”。 4. The weather today is ______ than yesterday. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. the worst 答案:B 解析:“than” 提示比较级,“bad” 的比较级为 “worse”。 5. Which do you like ______, coffee or tea? A. good B. better C. best D. well 答案:B 解析:两者(coffee 和 tea)比较用比较级。“good/well” 的比较级是better,故选 B。 6. He is ______ at English than his sister. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. badly 答案:B 解析:“than” 提示比较级,“bad/badly” 的比较级是worse,修饰 “is” 用形容词比较级,故选 B。 7. Which subject is ______, math, physics or chemistry? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult D. worst 答案:D 解析:三者比较用最高级,需选不规则变化词。“bad” 的最高级是worst,而 “the most difficult” 是规则变化,故选 D(注:原题若限定 “难”,则需调整,但此处以不规则为考点)。 8. He speaks English ______ of all the students. A. good B. better C. best D. well 答案:C 解析:“of all” 表示范围,用最高级。“well” 的最高级是best,修饰动词 “speaks” 用副词最高级,故选 C。 【知识点清单五】修饰形容词 / 副词比较级和最高级的常见词汇 【要点精讲】 1)修饰形容词 / 副词比较级和最高级的常见词汇 类别 词语 词汇 例句 修饰比较级的词 程度副词(加强比较级语气) much … 得多 He is much taller than his brother.他比弟弟高得多。 far远远… This problem is far more difficult than that one.这个问题比那个难得多。 even甚至更… It’s even colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天甚至更冷。) a lot … 得多 She runs a lot faster than me.她跑得比我快得多。 a bit/a little稍微… Can you speak a little louder?(你能稍微大声点吗? 其他修饰词(表示倍数或数量) 倍数词twice, three times 等 My room is twice larger than yours.我的房间比你的大两倍。 具体数量five years等 He is three years older than I.他比我大三岁。 修饰最高级的词 程度副词 强调“最…” 的程度 by far最…,显然 This is by far the best movie I’ve ever seen.这显然是我看过的最好的电影。 much(非常) She is much the most careful student in our class.她是我们班最细心的学生。 easily(无疑地) He is easily the fastest runner in the team.他无疑是队里跑得最快的。 限定范围的词(明确比较范围) in/of 短语(在… 中) She is the tallest in our school.她是我们学校最高的。 This is the most interesting of all the books.这是所有书中最有趣的。 one of(最… 之一) Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world.北京是世界上最大的城市之一。 记忆口诀 比较级前加 much/far/even,最高级前 by far 最常见;范围用 in/of 来限定,倍数数量跟后边。 2)关键点总结 修饰对象 常见修饰词 例句 比较级 much, even, far, a little, a bit, still, no, any She is much older than me.(她比我大得多。) 最高级 by far, almost, nearly, not quite, far This is by far the best movie I’ve seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影。) 原级 very, so, too, quite, rather It’s too hot today.(今天太热了。) 3)经典错误辨析 辨析 比较 记忆要点 不能修饰比较级的词 错:He is more taller than me.(✘) 正:He is much taller than me.(✔️) “more” 不能修饰比较级,需用 “much/far” 等。 最高级前的冠词 错:She is most beautiful in her class.(✘) 正:She is the most beautiful in her class.(✔️) 形容词最高级前通常加 “the”,副词最高级可省略。 【即时训练】 1. This bag is ______ heavier than that one. A. very B. much C. so D. more 答案:B 解析:比较级 “heavier” 前可用much/even/far/a little等修饰,表示程度差异。 选项 B(much) 符合规则,其他选项中:A(very)和 C(so)只能修饰原级(如 very heavy); D(more)用于构成多音节词的比较级(如 more beautiful),不能修饰比较级。 2. She is ______ taller than her sister. A. still B. too C. many D. lots of 答案:A 解析:still可修饰比较级,表示 “更……”,如 “still taller”(更高)。 错误点:B(too)修饰原级(如 too tall);C/D(many/lots of)修饰名词,不能修饰比较级。 3. The weather is ______ better today. A. a bit B. a few C. quite D. very 答案:A 解析:a bit/a little可修饰比较级 “better”,表示 “稍微更好”。 错误点:B(a few)修饰可数名词复数;C/D(quite/very)修饰原级(如 quite good)。 4. This movie is ______ more interesting than the last one. A. even B. so C. such D. very 答案:A 解析:even可加强比较级语气,“even more interesting” 表示 “更有趣得多”。错误点:B/C/D 均不能修饰比较级。 5. He is ______ the tallest student in our class. A. so B. by far C. very D. many 答案:B 解析:by far是修饰最高级的常用词,表示 “远远……”,如 “by far the tallest”(远远最高)。 错误点:A/C/D 均不能修饰最高级。 6. This is ______ the most delicious cake I’ve ever had. A. almost B. a little C. still D. more 答案:A 解析:almost/nearly可修饰最高级 “the most delicious”,表示 “几乎最……”。 错误点:B/C(a little/still)修饰比较级;D(more)构成比较级,不修饰最高级。 7. That building is ______ not the highest in the city. A. quite B. far C. not quite D. much 答案:C 解析:not quite可修饰最高级,表示 “不完全是最……”,符合语境(那栋楼不完全是城里最高的)。 错误点:A(quite)修饰原级;B/D(far/much)修饰比较级。 8. She is ______ the best singer in the competition. A. very B. almost C. so D. a bit 答案:B 解析:almost修饰最高级 “the best”,表示 “几乎是最……”,逻辑通顺。错误点:A/C/D 均不能修饰最高级。 9. The problem is ______ more difficult than I thought. A. too B. much C. very D. quite 答案:B 解析:比较级 “more difficult” 前用much修饰,强调难度差异。错误点:A/C/D 均只能修饰原级(如 too difficult)。 10. This is ______ the most exciting game I’ve watched. A. far B. still C. lots of D. a little 答案:A 解析:far可修饰最高级 “the most exciting”,表示 “远远最……”,加强语气。 错误点:B/D 修饰比较级,C 修饰名词。 【知识点清单六】比较级和最高级常用句型 【要点精讲】 1)比较级常用句型 句型类型 句型和含义 例句 基础比较结构 两者相比:A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B 含义:A 比 B 更…… This box is heavier than that one.这个盒子比那个重。 She speaks English more fluently than her brother.她英语说得比弟弟流利。 隐含比较,无 than,通过语境体现 比较级 + (than ever/before) 含义:比以往更…… He looks healthier these days.他最近看起来更健康了。 The city is more beautiful than before.这座城市比以前更漂亮了。 倍数比较(重点!) A +谓语+倍数+比较级+ than + B A + 谓语+倍数+ as +原级+ as + B My room is twice larger than yours. = My room is twice as large as yours.我的房间比你的大两倍。 This car runs three times faster than that old one.这辆车比那辆旧车快三倍。 越来越……同一事物的变化 比较级 + and + 比较级(单音节词 / 部分双音节词) more and more + 原级(多音节词 / 双音节词) Summer is coming. It’s hotter and hotter.(夏天来了,天气越来越热。) Our city is becoming more and more modern.(我们的城市越来越现代化。) 越……,越……两者同步变化 The + 比较级,the + 比较级 The harder you study, the better grades you’ll get.(你越努力,成绩就越好。) The more we exercise, the healthier we will be.(我们锻炼越多,就会越健康。) 2)最高级常用句型 句型类型 句型和含义 例句 范围限定的最高级(三者及以上) A + 谓语 + the + 最高级 + (名词) + in/of 范围 含义:A 是…… 中最…… 的 She is the tallest girl in our class. 她是我们班最高的女生。 This is the most interesting book of all. 这是所有书中最有趣的。 否定词 + 比较级 = 最高级(隐性最高级) 否定词(never/nothing/no one 等) + 比较级 含义:没有比…… 更…… 的 → 隐含 “最” I have never seen a more moving movie.(我从未看过比这更感人的电影。→ 这是最感人的。) Nothing is more important than health.(没有什么比健康更重要。→ 健康最重要。) one of + 最高级 + 复数名词(最…… 之一) one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 + 范围 The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world.(长城是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。) She is one of the most popular singers in China.(她是中国最受欢迎的歌手之一。) 最高级表示 “第 X 最……” the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + 范围 The Yangtze River is the second longest river in China.(长江是中国第二长河。) This is the third most difficult question in the test.(这是试卷中第三难的问题。) 3)易混句型对比 句型 含义 例句对比 A + 比较级 + than B A 比 B 更…… He is taller than his father. A + the + 最高级 + 范围 A 是…… 中最…… He is the tallest in his family. A + as + 原级 + as B A 和 B 一样…… He is as tall as his father. 4)经典错误提醒 错误类型 正误对比 要点 比较对象混乱 错:The weather in Beijing is colder than Shanghai. 正:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 比较对象需一致(天气 vs 天气,用 that 指代) 最高级前漏 the 错:She is best student in our class. 正:She is the best student in our class. 形容词最高级前必须加 the(副词最高级可省略) 5)记忆口诀 比较级,than 相连;最高级,the 在前; 倍数放前,范围跟后;越来越… 叠比较,越… 越…the 连两边。 【即时训练】 1. His room is getting ______. A. clean and clean B. cleaner and cleaner C. more clean and more clean D. more and more clean 答案:B 解析:单音节形容词 “clean” 的比较级是 “cleaner”,故 “cleaner and cleaner” 表示 “越来越干净”,选 B。 错误点:A(原级)、C/D(误用 more,clean 是单音节词)。 2. Her English is getting ______. A. more and more good B. better and better C. good and good D. best and best 答案:B 解析:“good” 是不规则形容词,比较级是 “better”,故 “better and better” 表示 “越来越好”,选 B。错误点:A(“good” 的比较级不是 more good)、C/D(原级 / 最高级,结构错误)。 3. The city is becoming ______. A. more beautiful and more B. more and more beautiful C. beautiful and beautiful D. most beautiful 答案:B 解析:“more and more + 多音节形容词” 表示 “越来越……”,“beautiful” 是多音节词,直接用 “more and more beautiful”,故选 B。 错误点:A(结构错误)、C(重复原级,无此用法)、D(最高级,不表渐进)。 4.The harder you work, __________________. A. the better results you will get B. you will get better results C. the best results you get D. better results you will get 答案:A 解析:本题考查 “The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 句型(越…… 越……),前后均需用 “the + 比较级” 结构。选项 A符合规则:前半句 “the harder” 是比较级,后半句 “the better results” 也是 “the + 比较级(better)+ 名词” 结构,时态上 “主将从现”(主句用将来时 “will get”),逻辑完整。 错误点:B(缺前半部分 “the” 且未用比较级);C(后半句用最高级 “best”,句型错误); D(缺前半部分 “the” 且未用 “the + 比较级” 结构)。 关键点:牢记 “越…… 越……” 句型的固定结构,前后必须对称使用 “the + 比较级”。 5.______ is ______, the red car, the blue car or the white car? A. What; expensive B. Which; most expensive C. Which; the most expensive D. Who; the expensive 答案:C 解析:三者比较用最高级,“expensive” 是多音节词,最高级为 “the most expensive”,“Which” 指代物,故选 C。错误点:A(原级且 what 指代不明)、B(缺 the)、D(原级且 who 指代人)。 【知识点清单七】最高级前的the 【要点精讲】 在英语中,形容词或副词的最高级前通常需要加定冠词 the,但在某些特定情况下可以省略或使用其他限定词(如物主代词、名词所有格等)。 必须用 the:形容词最高级后有比较范围(如 in/of 短语),或特指 “最…… 的人 / 物”。 通过语境判断是否存在 “比较范围” 或 “限定词”,是掌握该规则的关键! 1)以下是常见的 不用 the 的情况: 情况 例句 解析 最高级前有物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)或名词所有格 This is my best friend, Lily. 这是我最好的朋友,莉莉。 “my” 是物主代词,修饰 “best friend”,省略 “the”。 Tom is Mary’s tallest classmate. 汤姆是玛丽的同学中最高的。 “Mary’s” 是名词所有格,限定 “tallest classmate”,无需 “the”。 最高级作表语且不与其他事物比较(仅描述主语属性) 仅强调 “最……” 的程度,而非 “在某个范围内最……”,可省略 the。 She is busiest on Mondays. (她周一最忙。) 仅描述 “她” 在周一的状态,未与其他人或时间比较,省略 “the”。 He feels happiest when reading. (他读书时感到最快乐。) 强调 “他” 自己的感受,无比较范围,可不用 “the”。 最高级前有其他限定词(如 this/that/these/those/some/any 等) That is their most expensive product. (那是他们最昂贵的产品。) “their” 是物主代词,与 “most expensive” 共同修饰 “product”,无需 “the”。 Some oldest buildings in the city are under protection. (城市里一些最古老的建筑受到保护。) “some” 限定 “oldest buildings”,省略 “the”。 副词最高级前可省略 the(尤其是在口语中) 副词最高级修饰动词时,the 通常可省略。 She sings (the) most beautifully in our class.她在我们班唱歌最动听。 副词 “most beautifully” 修饰动词 “sings”,“the” 可省略。 He runs (the) fastest among the boys.他在男孩中跑得最快。 副词 “fastest” 修饰动词 “runs”,口语中常省略 “the”。 固定短语或习语中的最高级 某些固定搭配中,最高级前不用 the。 Best wishes to you! (向你致以最美好的祝愿!) “best wishes” 是固定短语,省略 “the”。 He tried his best to solve the problem. (他尽最大努力解决问题。) “try one’s best” 是固定搭配,用物主代词 “his” 代替 “the”。 2)易混淆对比 场景 正确表达 错误表达 解析 有物主代词 This is my oldest brother. This is the my oldest brother. “my” 已限定,无需 “the”。 副词最高级 She speaks English (the) most fluently. She speaks English most fluently the. 副词最高级 “the” 可省略。 固定短语 Give my best regards to your family. Give my the best regards to your family. “best regards” 是固定搭配。 【即时训练】 1.This is ______ biggest mistake I’ve ever made. A. a B. an C. my D. the 答案:C 解析:“my” 是物主代词,修饰 “biggest mistake”,无需 “the”。 2.She is ______ tallest in our team. A. a B. the C. her D. / 答案:B 解析:“in our team” 表示比较范围,形容词最高级前需加 “the”。 3.He plays the piano ______ best in his school. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:D 解析:副词 “best” 修饰动词 “plays”,口语中可省略 “the”。 4.That’s ______ most interesting book I’ve read. A. my B. me C. the D. a 答案:C 解析:“I’ve read” 是比较范围,形容词最高级 “most interesting” 前需加 “the”。 5.They are celebrating ______ youngest daughter’s birthday. A. they B. their C. the D. a 答案:B 解析:“their” 是物主代词,修饰 “youngest daughter”,无需 “the”。 【知识点清单八】常用的形容词短语搭配 类别 短语 含义 例句 情感 / 态度类 angry with sb. angry at sth 对某人生气 因某事生气 She was angry with him for forgetting their anniversary. happy about sth. 对某事感到高兴 I’m happy about the new job offer. sad about/at sth. 对某事难过 He’s sad about the loss of his pet. excited about sth. 对某事兴奋 The kids are excited about the upcoming trip. nervous about sth. 对某事紧张 I’m nervous about the interview tomorrow. pleased with sth./sb. 对某事 / 人满意 The teacher is pleased with your progress. disappointed in/with sb./sth. 对某人 / 事失望 I’m disappointed in his lack of effort. surprised at/by sth. 对某事惊讶 We were surprised by the sudden news. proud of sb./sth. 为某人 / 事自豪 I’m proud of my daughter’s achievements. 能力 / 状态类 good at sth. 擅长某事 He’s good at playing the guitar. bad/poor at sth. 不擅长某事 I’m bad at math. skillful in sth. 在某方面熟练 She’s skillful in painting. experienced in sth. 在某方面有经验 He’s experienced in managing teams. interested in sth. 对某事感兴趣 Are you interested in history? bored with/by sth. 对某事感到无聊 I’m bored with this routine. tired of sth. 对某事厌倦 I’m tired of eating fast food. capable of sth. 有能力做某事 She’s capable of solving complex problems. afraid of sth. 害怕某事 He’s afraid of flying. fond of sth./sb. 喜欢某物 / 人 I’m fond of classical music. 关系 / 比较类 different from sth. 与某事不同 This book is different from the others. similar to sth. 与某事相似 Her style is similar to mine. familiar with sth. 熟悉某事 Are you familiar with this software? married to sb. 与某人结婚 She’s married to a doctor. responsible for sth. 对某事负责 Who is responsible for this project? related to sth. 与某事相关 His question is related to the topic. compared to/with sth. 与某事相比 Compared with last year, sales have increased. 时间 / 数量类 late for sth. 做某事迟到 He’s late for the meeting again. early for sth. 做某事早到 I arrived early for the appointment. ready for sth. 为某事做好准备 Are you ready for the exam? eager for sth. 渴望某事 She’s eager for success. short of sth. 缺少某物 We’re short of time. full of sth. 充满某物 The room is full of people. rich in sth. 富含某物 This region is rich in natural resources. generous with sth. 对某物慷慨 She’s generous with her time. 其他常用搭配 aware of sth. 意识到某事 Are you aware of the risks? keen on sth. 热衷于某事 I’m keen on hiking. ashamed of sth. 对某事感到羞愧 She’s ashamed of her mistake. suitable for sth. 适合某事 This dress is suitable for a party. fit for sth. 适合某事(强调能力或尺寸) He’s fit for the role. dependent on sth. 依赖某事 We’re dependent on technology. independent of sth. 独立于某事 She wants to be independent of her parents. patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 Teachers need to be patient with students. 【即时训练】 1.She is always ______ her brother’s achievements. A. proud with B. proud of C. pride in D. pride with 答案:B 解析:proud 是形容词,固定搭配为 be proud of(为…… 自豪),同源动词为 pride(使自豪),常见用法:pride oneself on sth.(以…… 为傲)。选项 C 的 pride in 是动词短语(如 He prides himself in his work),但题干需形容词,故排除。 2. They were deeply ______ the news of the accident. A. shock at B. shocked by C. shock with D. shocking for 答案:B 解析:shocked 是形容词(过去分词作形容词),搭配 be shocked by/at sth.(对…… 感到震惊),同源动词为 shock(使震惊)。选项 A 的 shock 是动词原形,不能作表语;选项 D 的 shocking 是 “令人震惊的”,不符合主语 “人” 的情感。 3.He has always been ______ solving complex problems. A. skill in B. skillful at C. skillfully in D. skill with 答案:B 解析:skillful 是形容词,搭配 be skillful at (doing) sth.(擅长做某事),同源名词为 skill(技能),同源副词为 skillfully(熟练地)。选项 A 的 skill 是名词,需改为 skilled in 才正确;选项 C 的副词 skillfully 不能作表语。 4. She seems ______ learning new languages quickly. A. capable to B. capable for C. capable of D. capability in 答案:C 解析:capable 是形容词,固定搭配 be capable of (doing) sth.(有能力做某事),同源名词为 capability(能力),常见搭配:have the capability to do sth.。选项 D 的 capability 是名词,题干需形容词,故排除。 5. His approach is quite ______ mine in many ways. A. different to B. different from C. differ with D. difference in 答案:B 解析:different 是形容词,搭配 be different from(与…… 不同),同源动词为 differ(不同),搭配:differ from sb./sth.;同源名词为 difference(差异),搭配:the difference between A and B。 选项 A 的 different to 是英式非正式用法,正式场合用 from;选项 C 的 differ with 意为 “与…… 意见不同”,不符合语境。 6. Are you ______ the rules and regulations here? A. familiar to B. familiar with C. familiarize with D. familiarity in 答案:B 解析:familiar 是形容词,搭配 be familiar with sth.(熟悉某事),be familiar to sb.(为某人所熟悉)。同源动词为 familiarize(使熟悉),搭配:familiarize oneself with sth.;同源名词为 familiarity(熟悉)。 题干主语是人,且宾语是 “规则”,需用 with,故选 B。 7. I’m already ______ the upcoming(即将到来的) presentation. A. ready for B. ready to C. prepare for D. preparation of 答案:A 解析:ready 是形容词,搭配 be ready for sth.(为某事做好准备),同源动词为 prepare,搭配:prepare for sth. 或 prepare to do sth.;同源名词为 preparation,搭配:in preparation for。 选项 B 的 ready to 后需接动词原形(如 ready to give),题干宾语是名词,故排除。 8. He was ______ the deadline because of procrastination(拖延). A. late for B. late to C. delay in D. delay for 答案:A 解析:late 是形容词,搭配 be late for sth.(做某事迟到),同源动词为 delay(延迟),搭配:delay sth./doing sth. 或 be delayed by sth.。选项 C 的 delay 是动词,不能作表语;选项 B 的 late to 后需接动词(如 late to arrive),不符合语境。 9.They became ______ the importance of environmental protection. A. aware with B. aware of C. aware that D. awareness in 答案:B 解析:aware 是形容词,搭配 be aware of sth.(意识到某事),后接名词;接从句时用 be aware that(如 I’m aware that it’s difficult)。同源名词为 awareness(意识),搭配:raise awareness of。 题干空格后是名词短语,故选 B。 10. She is never ______ helping others in need. A. tired with B. tired of C. tire from D. tire in 答案:B 解析:tired 是形容词,搭配 be tired of (doing) sth.(对…… 厌倦),同源动词为 tire(使疲倦),搭配:tire of sth. 或 be tired from sth.(因…… 感到疲惫)。选项 A 的 tired with 不常见;选项 C 的 tire from 是动词短语,题干需形容词,故排除。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题7 形容词和副词八大要点归纳(讲义)-黑龙江省2026年春季高考一轮复习《英语知识点清单》(原卷版+解析版)
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