第08讲 Unit4 School days (Grammar-Integration) (知识全梳理&考点精准练）-【暑假自学课】2025年新七年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2024）

第08讲 Unit4 School days （Grammar-Integration） （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练考点 强知识：考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一．单词学习 1 of course 当然 2 seldom /'seldəm/ adv. 很少 3 tennis /'tenɪs/ n. 网球 4 roller skate /ˈrəʊlə skeɪt/ vi. 滑旱冰,溜早冰 5 grow /grəʊ/ vt. & vi. (使) 生长,发育 6 tour /tʊə(r)/ n. 参观;旅行 7 website /'websaɪt/ n. 网站 8 video /'vɪdiəʊ/ n. 视频 9 outside /ˌaʊt'saɪd/ adv. 在(向) 外面 prep. 在(向)···外面 10 peace /pi:s/ n. 平静;和平 11 quiet /'kwaɪət/ n. 宁静,平静 12 teamwork /'ti:mwɜːk/ n. 团队合作 13 better /'betə(r)/ adj. 更好的 14 tiring /'taɪərɪŋ/ adj. 累人的 15 duty /'dju:ti/ n. 职责,任务;责任,义务 16 area /'eəriə/ n. 区域;面积;领域 17 take part in 参加 18 through /θru:/ prep. 以,凭借;通过;穿过 19 group /gru:p/ n. 组,群,批 20 turn /tɜːn/ n. (依次轮到的) 机会 21 take turns 轮流 22 empty /'empti/ vt. 倒空,腾空 adj. 空的 23 bin /bɪn/ n. 垃圾桶 24 take care of 照顾 25 something /'sʌmθɪŋ/ pron. 某事,某物 二．课文解析 Grammar 语法归纳 表示时间的介词on/in/at 介词 用法 示例 on 用在表示具体的日期、星期几、特定的节日(一天)、具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上前。 on October 1st on Friday on Children’s Day on Monday morning in 用于年、季节、月份前,也可以泛指在上午、下午或晚上。 in 2020 in winter in March in the afternoon at 用于表示具体时刻、年龄或noon、 night等前。 at 8:00 at six(years old)/at the age of six at noon (1)如果节日不止一天,而是持续一段时间,介词应用at。如at the Spring Festival "在春节(期间)"。 (2)当时间状语中含有this、 that、 these、 those、 last、 next、 every、 each等修饰语时,其前不用介词;当时间状语是today、 tonight(今晚)、 tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening等时,其前不用介词。 I go to school on foot every morning. 我每天早上步行去上学。 I’m at home tonight. 我今晚在家。 语法归纳 频度副词 表示动作发生的频率常用频度副词。频度副词所表示的频率由低到高为: 1.频度副词的用法 频度副词 用法 always 意为"总是,一直",它所表示的频率是最高的,表示动作反复发生。 usually 意为"通常",表示习惯性动作或状态,很少有例外。 often 意为"经常,时常",表示动作或状态的反复,中间有间断。 sometimes 意为"有时",表示动作时有发生,间隔较长。 seldom 意为"很少,不常",表示否定意义。 never 意为"从不",表示否定意义。 2.频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词通常放在行为动词之前,be动词、情态动词和助动词之后。 We often play basketball after school. 放学后我们经常打篮球。 He is never late for school. 他上学从不迟到。 She can sometimes win a match.她有时能赢得比赛。 We do not usually go swimming.我们不经常去游泳。 注意有时为了表示强调,会把sometimes、 usually、 always、 often等频度副词放在句首;有时还会把often放在句末,这时可用very或quite来修饰often。 Sometimes my mum goes to work on foot. 有时我妈妈步行去上班。 I like playing computer games, but my dad doesn’t let me play them very often. 我喜欢玩电脑游戏,但是我爸爸不让我经常玩。 3.用how often对频度副词进行提问 对频度副词进行提问时,要用how often。 He seldom does morning exercises. 他很少做早操。→ How often does he do morning exercises? 他多久做一次早操? 四．知识梳理 考点1 Of course! 当然! (教材P47) of course 当然 肯定答语，相当于sure/certainly。若表示“当然不”，要用of course not. -Can you help me to repair my computer? 你能帮我修一下电脑吗?-Of course/Sure/Certainly. 当然可以。 -It's cold outside. Would you mind closing the window? 外面很冷，你介意关一下窗户吗? -Of course not. I will do it at once. 当然不介意。我马上关。 考点2 seldom 很少(教材 P48) seldom adv.很少 [副词]表示某事很少发生或发生的频率不高，本身含有否定意义。通常放在行为动词之前，助动词、情态动词或动词be 之后。 In order to protect his eyes, he seldom uses electronic products. 为了保护眼睛，他很少使用电子产品。 He is seldom late for work. 他上班很少迟到。 Barking dogs seldom bite. 吠犬不咬人。 [经典例题]根据英文提示填写一个单词。 Millie is ( not often) late for school because she gets up early every day. 考点3 I do not have much time to play tennis. 我没有太多时间打网球。(教材 P48) have time 有时间 相当于be free。 have no time 没空 have (no) time to do sth. (没)有时间做某事 Jack has time this afternoon.(= Jack is free this afternoon.) 杰克今天下午有空。 Sorry, I have no time to go shopping with you. 抱歉，我没有时间陪你去购物。 五．课文解析 Integration 桑迪：艾米，你喜欢学校组织的实地考察吗？ 艾米：我喜欢实地考察，因为我喜欢待在户外。亲近大自然的感觉很好，我可以在那里享受宁静和安宁。 桑迪：那是真的。西蒙，你呢？ 西蒙：我喜欢旅行中的团队合作。每个人都尽力让事情变得更好。 桑迪：是的，但有时候实地考察对我来说太累了。我喜欢我们周一的班级职责。保持学校区域清洁感觉很好。 Task 通过家务学习 在我的班级里，我们大家分组工作，轮流做不同的家务。我的小组在星期一工作。通常，西蒙负责擦窗户，丹尼尔喜欢扫地，而我负责擦黑板和倒垃圾。我们有一个“班级农场”。我喜欢在那里浇水植物。这帮助我学会了如何照顾植物。我们每个人都为班级做一些事情，并通过家务学习团队合作。我们很高兴保持我们的教室干净整洁。 六．知识梳理 考点1 Learn how to grow apples 学习如何种植苹果(教材P50) 疑问词+动词不定式 本句中how to grow apples属于“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作learn的宾语。动词不定式常和what、which、who( m)、where、when、how 等连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 Where to live is a big problem for her. 住在哪里对她来说是个大问题。(作主语，谓语动词用单数形式) We must know what to say at the meeting. 我们必须知道在会上说什么。(作宾语) The problem is whom to go with. 问题是和谁一起去。(作表语) [经典例题]用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 MissGao is preparing(准备) a talk on how (solve) teenage problems. grow v.(使)生长，发育 (1) [不及物动词](植物)生长，发育；(人或动物)长大，发育，长高 grow up 长大；成长 Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters. 海草可以在非常深和黑暗的水域中生长。 Victor seemed to grow taller every day. 维克托好像一天比一天高。 What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后想成为什么? (2)[及物动词]种植 其后可直接接名词或代词作宾语。 We grew some strawberries in the yard. 我们在院子里种了些草莓。 【拓展】[连系动词]逐渐变得；逐渐成为 后常接形容词作表语。 The tree grows tall. 这棵树长高了。 考点2 Have a tour of the fields 参观田园(教材P50) tour [可数名词] n.参观；旅行 [辨] tour，trip与travel 三者作名词均有“旅行”之意，区别如下： tour 指以观光为目的的旅游,也可指明星的巡演。 We took a walking tour of the city.我们徒步游览了这座城市。 trip 指短程往返的旅行,尤指带有娱乐性的旅行。 We are planning a trip to Mount Tai.我们正计划去泰山游玩。 travel 常指远距离的旅行。 They say that travel can open their eyes.他们说 旅行能够开阔眼界。 【拓展】(1)tour[动词]旅游；参观 We spent four weeks touring around Europe. 我们花了四个星期周游欧洲。 (2) tour n. & v.旅行；旅游 →tourist n.旅游者；观光者 →tourism n.旅游业 [语境串记]Hainan is famous for its tourism, and many tourists go on a tour there every year.海南因旅游业而闻名，每年有很多游客去那里旅游。 考点3 I love field trips because I like being outside.我喜欢野外考察因为我喜欢待在户外。 (教材 P51) outside adv.在(向)外面 prep.在(向)……外面 [副词]在(向)外面 It's raining outside. 外面在下雨。 [介词]在(向)……外面 You can park the car outside the house. 你可以把汽车停在屋外。 【拓展】[形容词]在外面的；外部的(只位于名词前) The outside wall is white. 外墙是白色的。 (2)[名词]外部；外表 The outside of the house needs painting. 房子的外表需要用油漆漆一下。 考点4 It's nice to get close to nature, and I can enjoy the peace and quiet there.亲近大自然很好，而且我可以在那里享受平静和安宁。(教材 P51) peace [不可数名词] n.平静；和平 peaceful adj.平静的；和平的 peacefully adv.平静地；和平地 in peace 平静地；和平地 Every time I listen to a pipa tune, I have a strong feeling of peace.每次听琵琶曲调,我内心都很平静。 The two communities live together in peace. 这两个社区和平相处。 The colour makes us feel relaxed and peaceful. 这种颜色使我们感到放松和平静。 My grandparents live peacefully in the countryside and they like the life there.我的爷爷奶奶在乡下过着平静的生活,他们喜欢那里的生活。 quiet n.宁静，平静 We were enjoying the quiet of the forest. 我们享受着森林的静谧。 I go to the library for a little peace and quiet. 我到图书馆去清静一下。（peace and quiet 清静） 【拓展】(1)[形容词]安静的；文静的 可作定语或表语。 keep/be quiet保持安静 quiet的形近词是quite (adv.相当；很；非常)。 I like to read in a quiet place. 我喜欢在安静的地方看书。 Keep quiet! The students are taking an exam. 保持安静！学生们正在考试。 She is quiet and shy. 她文静而又腼腆。 (2)quietly[副词]安静地；轻声地；悄声地 “I’m sorry,” she said quietly. “对不起。” 她轻声说道。 She opened the door quietly. 她悄悄打开了门。 [经典例题]-Be please! Your sister is reading a book. -All right! I will. A. happy B. polite C. exciting D.quiet 考点5 Everybody tries their best to make things better. 每个人都竭尽全力让事情变得更好。(教材 P51) try one's best 尽某人最大努力，竭尽全力（通常用形容词性物主代词） 相当于do one's best。 try/do one's best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事. I know it’s hard, but I will try my best. 我知道这很困难，但我会尽我最大努力。 The race started and Dale tried his best to run fast. 比赛开始，戴尔竭尽全力快跑。(哈尔滨中考) 【拓展】含try的其他短语:： try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try on 试穿 try out for 参加……选拔(或试演) better adj.更好的 [形容词]是good(好的)和well(身体好的；健康的)的比较级。 Parents and schools make rules to help the students to become better and better. 家长和学校制订规则帮助学生变得越来越好。(better and better意为“越来越好”) [谚语]A good neighbour is better than a brother far away. 远亲不如近邻。 I feel much better now, thank you. 我现在感觉好多了,谢谢您。 【拓展】[副词]更好地 是well(好；令人满意地)的比较级。 Lingling sings better than Dandan. 玲玲唱得比丹丹好。 考点6 Yes, but sometimes field trips are too tiring for me. 是的，但有时候野外考察对我来说太累了。(教材 P51) tiring adj.累人的 [辨]tring与tired tiring “累人的，令人困倦的”，常用于修饰物，表示事物的性质或特征。 tired “疲劳的；厌烦的”，常用于描述人，表示人的主观感受。 be/get tired of ( doing) sth. 厌烦(做)某事 We are tired of doing the tiring work. 我们厌烦做这些累人的工作。 【拓展】一般情况下，-ing式形容词常用于修饰物，-ed式形容词常用于描述人。 Interesting 有趣的一interested 感兴趣的 exciting 使人兴奋的一excited 兴奋的 Surprising 令人吃惊的一surprised 惊讶的 relaxing 令人放松的一relaxed 放松的 考点7 I like our class duties on Mondays.我喜欢我们每周一的班级值日。(教材 P51) duty n.职责，任务；责任，义务 [可数名词]&[不可数名词] 复数形式：duties do one’s duty 尽到某人的责任 It is one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任。 have a duty to do sth. 有责任做某事 As a teacher, my duty is helping every student to learn. 作为一名教师，我的职责是帮助每个学生学习。(2023 徐州中考) It’s our duty to keep the classroom clean and tidy. 保持教室干净整洁是我们的责任。 I have a duty to take care of her. 我有责任照顾她。 【拓展】on duty 值班；上班 off duty 下班 He goes on duty at 8 a. m. and comes off duty at 5 p.m. 他上午8点上班，下午5点下班。 考点8 It feels good to keep our school area clean. 保持我们学校区域干净的感觉很好。(教材P51) It feels + adj. +to do sth.做某事感觉…… （It形式主语 to do sth真正的主语） 相当于“It is +adj. + to do sth. ”。 It feels pleasant to talk with Mary. 同玛丽谈话令人感到愉快。 It must feel strange to have a twin sister. 有一个孪生妹妹，这感觉一定很奇怪。 It feels nice to take a walk in the garden. 在公园里散散步感觉很好。 keep sb./sth.+ adj. 使某人/某物保持某种状态 keep[及物动词](使)保持 To keep cool, he keeps the door open. 为了保持凉爽，他开着门。 Please keep the museum clean and tidy. 请保持博物馆干净整洁。 【拓展】[连系动词]保持 keep + adj. 保持某种状态 keep[连系动词]保持 Put on your coat to keep warm. 穿上外套以保暖。 可数名词 area [可数名词]n.区域；面积；领域 (1) 区域，地区 a public area公共区域 Water is important to all living things, but some areas in the world are severely short of water.水对所有生物都很重要，但世界上有些地区严重缺水。 It is a large public area with green grass and birds. 它是一个有绿色草坪和鸟儿的大型公共区域。 (2)面积 be...in area/size“占……面积”，相当于have/ has an area of...。 The room is 20 square metres in area. = The room has an area of 20 square metres.这个房间的面积是20平方米。 (3)领域 I’m interested in various areas of technology. 我对很多技术领域都感兴趣。 考点9 How many students take part in it? 多少 学生参加? (教材 P51) [辨] take part in与join take part in 指参加群体性活动、劳动、会议、聚会等，并在其中起积极作用。 join 指加入某组织、团体或某人的活动，并成为其中的一员。 Talking with your family or taking part in a group activity can help you feel better.和家人交谈或参加团队活动会帮助你感觉好些。(菏泽中考) May joined the Computer Club last year. 梅去年加入了电脑俱乐部。 [经典例题]完成句子，每空一词。 凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。 Kate plans to the activities on the School Science Day. 考点10 Learning through chores 通过值日学习 (教材 P52) through prep.以，凭借；通过；穿过 (1)以，凭借 表示方式。 I knew the news through the internet. 我是从互联网上知道这个消息的。 (2)穿过；通过 多指穿过门、窗、洞、森林、城市、隧道等。 The River Thames flows through London. 泰晤士河流经伦敦。 【拓展】through[介词]自始至终；从头到尾 He acted so well that people just couldn’t stop laughing through the movie. 他演得如此好,以至于人们看电影时从头到尾笑个不停。 [经典例题]DengQingming, an astronaut of Shenzhou-15, achieved his dream many years’ hard work. A.without B. in C. through 考点11In my class, we all work in groups and take turns to do different chores.在我们班，大家分小组轮流完成不同的值日任务。(教材 P52) group n.组，群，批 a group of... 一组/群/批……(其后常跟可数名词复数) in groups 成群地；分组 A group of boys stood at the school gate. 一群男孩站在学校门口。 The students often study in groups. 这些学生经常分组学习。 【拓展】[动词]把……分组；把……分类 group... into... 把……分成…… The books are grouped together by subject. 这些书按科目分类。 Our teacher groups the class into five teams to practise. 我们的老师把全班分成五组来练习。 take turns 轮流 →[名词](依次轮到的)机会 take turns to do sth. /take turns doing sth. 轮流做某事 My husband and I take turns doing the dishes every day. 我和我丈夫每天轮流洗碗。 We take turns to look after her in the hospital. 我们轮流在医院里照顾她。 【拓展】It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。 Is your brother here? It's his turn to clean the room. 你哥哥在这儿吗?轮到他打扫房间了。 考点12... I clean the blackboard and empty the bins. ……我负责擦黑板和倒垃圾。(教材 P52) empty v.倒空，腾空 adj.空的 过去式：emptied (1) [及物动词]倒空，腾空 其反义词为fill(装满)。 She emptied her purse (out) onto the table. 她把手提包里的东西全都倒在桌子上。 Forget the worries of everyday life and empty the mind. 忘记日常生活中的烦恼，清空心灵。 (2)[形容词]空的 其反义词为full(满的)。此时可作表语或定语。 Bob wants to get something to eat from the fridge, but finds it is empty. 鲍勃想从冰箱里拿些吃的，但发现冰箱是空的。 With an empty stomach, one finds it difficult to focus in class. 空腹时，人在课堂上很难集中注意力。 fill装满(v.) full满的(adj.) empty 倒空(v.) 空的(adj.) 考点13 This helps me learn how to take care of plants. 这有助于我学习如何照顾植物。(教材 P52) take care of 照顾，照料 相当于look after或care for To take care of the old and care for the young is a good Chinese tradition. 照顾老幼是中国的优良传统。 I take care of them like they’re my own babies. 我像照顾自己的孩子一样照顾它们。 【拓展】(1)take care of 处理；负责 Her secretary always takes care of the details. 她的秘书总是处理细节问题。 (2) take care的用法： 小心；当心(相当于be careful) Take care ( that ) you don't drive too fast!当心别开得太快! (告别用语)走好，保重 Bye! Take care!再见!多保重! [经典例题]根据汉语提示完成句子。 It’s important for teenagers to learn some life skills to themselves. (照顾) 考点14 We each do something for our class and learn about teamwork through chores.通过值日，我们每个人都为班级做事并学会团队协作。(教材 P52) something 某事，某物 [复合不定代词] (1)常用于肯定句中。 Let me tell you something about my school. 让我来告诉你一些我学校的事情吧。 (2)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Something is wrong with my new computer. 我的新电脑出故障了。 (3)形容词或动词不定式修饰something时应后置。 We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do something meaningful. 我们应该理性地花我们的零花钱，用它做一些有意义的事情。 I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 【拓展】含thing的其他复合不定代词： anything “任何东西；任何事物”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。 Do you have anything to say? 你有什么要说的吗? “随便哪个东西；随便什么事物”，常用于肯定句中。 You can do anything you like.你可以做任何你喜欢的事情。 nothing “没有什么；没有一件东西"，表示否定含义。 There is nothing in the fridge.冰箱里什么都没有。 everything 所有事物；一切 Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。 [注意]在表示请求、建议或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，常用something，而不用anything。 -Would you like something to drink, Judy? 你想喝点什么吗，朱迪? -Yes. Some milk is OK. 好的，一些牛奶就行。(贵港中考) [经典例题]Learning is a lifelong journey, for it brings us new every day. A. everything B.nothing C. anything D. something 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示写出单词 1 go to the library （两次）a month. 2.Good (幸运） to you in the exam, Jack! 3．There are all kinds of （博物馆）in our city. 4. I like to go on （野餐）with my friends in spring. 5. My brother Bob often plays football with his friends at (周末). 6. We can make our dreams come true (凭借) our hard work. 7. Tom, please throw the rubbish into the (垃圾桶). 8. Which (组) are you going to join? 9. Looking after small children can be very (累人的). 10. There are three (视频) shops in Suzhou Centre. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. They have much homework (do) now. 2. Boys have fun (play) basketball in the playground. 3. The Green family (not like) eating too much meat. 4. More and more people spend lots of time on short (video). 5. The street cleaner starts to work early and she also (empty) the rubbish bins. 6. It is important for us to learn how to (pick) apples on the farm. 7. He tries his best to (take) care of his little brother. 8. She was so (tiring) that she fell asleep quickly. 9. We shouldn't leave any rubbish in the park. (keep) the park clean, please. 10. We take (turn) to clean the blackboard. 11. You are not having much (lucky) today, are you? 12．I always go to the park (one)a week. 13. Each of the children (have) a model plane. 14. Why don’t you like (dance) , Mary? 15. It’s fun (go) roller skating with my best friend. 三．单选。 ( )1． Jack thinks volleyball is a girls’ game, so he plays it． A. Usually B. often C. never D. always ( )2- You need to exercise and watch TV to keep healthy. A. much; no B． a lot; little C. a little; a lot D. no; much ( )3 do you go to the cinema? -Let me see, three times a month maybe. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How soon ( )4. -1 think drinking milk every morning is good our health. -Yes.I agree you. A. to: to B. with: to C． at; with D．for; with ( )5， Usually ,I make breakfast for my family Saturdays. A．at B. in C. on D. to ( )6. The students must their mistakes. A. Learn B. learn from C. learn about D. learn of ( )7.--- a week do you go to the Tennis Club?-Three times. A. How often B．How long C. How much time D. How many times ( )8. -Millie, late for school again. -Sorry,I won’t. A. Isn’t B. doesn’t be C. don’t be D. won’t be ( )9. Doing morning exercises us get ready the day. A. Helps; with B. Helps; for C. help; with D. help; for ( )10. Does the volleyball match begin? -At 6:30 in the evening. A. What B. What time C. How D. Where 四．句型转换. 1． Look at the picture，please.（改为否定句） the picture, please. 2．Do you want some apple juice?（改为同义句） You some apple juice? 3．I sleep for 8 hours every day.（对画线部分提问） You sleep every day? 4． She does the shopping twice a week.（对画线部分提问） The shopping? 5.1 want to go to the park by bike.（对画线部分提问） You want to go to the park? 五、根据中文提示完成句子 1.我和妹妹轮流做不同的家务活。My sister and I 2.每天早晨我起床后，先扫地，然后倒垃圾。 Every morning when I get up, first I and then 3.登山能让我亲近大自然，享受大自然的宁静。 Climbing can help me and there. 4.我们从家务活中学习如何照顾植物和宠物。We learn how to 5.每个人都尽力让房子保持干净。Everybody 六、首字母填空 You can make a lot of friends in middle school. But h 1 can you make friends quickly here? Try to find some interesting clubs in your school. You will feel excited because you can meet students with the same h 2 . Also, if a student spends much time doing the things you love,maybe you can be friends. Take part in dances and sports out of school.You'll m 3 lots of people from other schools.They also like dancing and sports. You can dance and exercise together. These a 4 can help you know more people. Maybe you can make friends with some of them. Be with people if they are k 5 to you.They are very friendly and always think about others. Make friends with them and you can h 6 each other. Look for students with a smile(微笑) on the face. A face full of smiles will make you f 7 happy. Don't close the d 8 when you feel sad. It will be difficult for other people to get to you. Get out of the room and f 9 some people to chat with. Tell them your problems( 困难) and how you feel. You will become good friends. Friends are like warm s 10 days. Go and try to make some! 假如你是李华，你的一位英国笔友汤姆来信询问你的学校生活。请你根据他的来信，向他介绍你的近况。 Dear Li Hua, How's everything going? I hear that you are now studying in a middle school. What's your school like? Do you enjoy your school life? Tell me something about your school life. Looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes, Tom 注意： 1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称； 2.短文须包括所有内容要点，要求语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 3.词数80左右，文章开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, Thank you for your letter. I'm very glad to tell you something about my school and my school life. Best wishes, Li Hua Grammar 1. 　　　　 adv. 很少 　 2. 　　　　 n. 网球运动 swim—　　　　 （名词） 1. 　　　　　　　　 告诉某人关于某事 2. 　　　　　　　　 ……中的一员 3. 　　　　　　　　 当然 4. 　　　　　　　　 去滑旱冰 1. I do not　　　　　　　　　　　　 play tennis. 我没有太多时间打网球。 2. She always dances　　　　　　　　　　　　. 她总是跳舞半个小时。 Pronunciation ～ Further study 1.　　　　 vt. & vi. （使）生长，发育 2. 　　　　 n. 参观；旅行 3. 　　　　 n. 网站 4. 　　　　 n. 视频 5. 　　　　 adv. 在外面prep. 向……外面 6. 　　　　 n. 平静；和平 7. 　　　　 n. 宁静，平静 8. 　　　　 n. 团队合作 9. 　　　　 adj. 更好的 10. 　　　　 adj. 累人的 11. 　　　　 n. 职责，任务；责任，义务 12. 　　　　 n. 区域；面积；领域 13. 　　　　 prep. 以，凭借；通过；穿过 14. 　　　　 n. 组，群，批 15. 　　　　 n. （依次轮到的）机会 16. 　　　　 vt. 倒空，腾空adj. 空的 17. 　　　　 n. 垃圾桶 18. 　　　　 pron. 某事；某物 well—　　　　 （比较级） 1.　　　　　　　　 参加 2. 　　　　　　　　 轮流 3. 　　　　　　　　 照顾，照料 1. 　　　　 do you 　　　　 about school field trips?关于学校的实地考察你觉得怎么样？ 2. It's nice 　　　　　　　　　　　　 nature. 亲近大自然是件好事。 3. Everybody 　　　　　　　　　　　　 make things better. 每个人都尽全力使事情变得更好。 4. It 　　　　　　　　　　　　 keep our school area clean. 保持我们学校区域的清洁感觉很好。 5. This helps me learn 　　　　 take care of plants. 这有助于我学会如何照料植物。 1． 阅读理解（20分） A Hello, I’m Harry. I’m a student of Hogwarts School. It’s a great castle(城堡). I take the train to school every autumn and then I live and study in the castle with my classmates. I often get up at half past six and go to the classroom with my friends. Some of our classrooms are under the ground floor(一层). We don’t have lessons like English, maths or geography, but we have history. We have four lessons in the morning. Classes start at 8 o’clock. In the afternoon, we have two lessons. My favorite subject is PE. On the left of the castle, there’s a school playground. We play games there in PE classes. In the evening, we have dinner in the hall on the ground floor. After dinner, I like to go to the library in the middle of the castle. There are a lot of books in it. I also do my homework there. I go to bed at nine o’clock. I like my school life very much. 1.When does Harry go to school? A.In spring.　　　　 B.In summer. C.In autumn.　　　　 D.In winter. 2.What lesson does Harry have at school? A.English.　　　　 B.Maths. C.Geography.　　　　 D.History. 3.Where do students have dinner? A.Under the ground floor of the castle. B.On the left of the castle. C.On the ground floor of the castle. D.In the middle of the castle. 4.What can we learn about Harry? A.He has seven lessons a day. B.He does homework in the library. C.He often goes home with friends. D.He likes going to school by bus. 5.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.Harry’s school life. B.Harry’s family life. C.Harry’s three meals in a day. D.Harry’s favorite place. B Dear Linda, 　　I’m glad to hear from you and I would like to be your pen friend. In your letter, you said you wanted to know something about my school life. Now let me tell you about it. I walk to school at 7:30 every morning because my school is near our house. I get to school at about 7:45 a.m. I often do the cleaning with my classmates first. Then we do some reading for half an hour. We have four lessons in the morning. I often have my lunch at 12:00 a.m. at school. We usually have two lessons in the afternoon. The school is over at about 5:00 p.m. and then I go home. My favorite subject is Chinese. I like all the teachers because they are friendly. I am good at sports and I enjoy playing football. I’m a member of our school football team. What about your school life? Best wishes! Dick 1.It often takes Dick about 　　　to walk to school every morning.  A.half an hour B.15 minutes C.10 minutes　　　 D.5 minutes 2.After Dick gets to school, he 　　　first.  A.does morning exercises B.does some reading C.has classes D.does the cleaning 3.How many lessons does Dick usually have in a day? A.Two. B.Four. C.Six. D.Eight. 4.How does Dick probably(可能地) go home? A.On foot.　　　　 B.By bike. C.By bus.　　　　 D.In Linda’s car. 5.From the passage, we know that 　　　.  A.Dick goes to school at 12:00 at noon B.Dick doesn’t like studying Chinese C.Dick likes playing football D.Dick’s Chinese teacher is not friendly to him 二.任务型阅读(每小题1分,共10分) 　　What is students’ homework like in other countries? Two students are talking about their homework. Robin, 17, the USA I can finish(完成) most of my homework in class. It’s often a one⁃page paper. There are about 15 questions. I need to hand it the next day. Sometimes I get about two tasks a day, and I spend(花费) about half an hour finishing them. For something bigger, such as a project (项目) or a slideshow presentation(幻灯片演示), we usually have about a week to do it and have a partner (伙伴) to work with. Studying time each day is different, from an hour to three hours. And sometimes we have to do test sheets (测试卷). We need to do them for credits (学分). Nina, 18, Poland In general, homework in Poland does not take too long. We work out maths problems, do writing, read books, fill in(填写) English exercises...Sometimes we have to make a presentation. For physics(物理), it may take us a longer time to finish the projects. But we can learn a lot from them. After we do an experiment (实验) in the classroom, our homework is to write a report (报告). We should write about all the theory (理论), steps and discussion on errors (错误). In the past, our homework was more about dull (乏味的) learning. But it’s changing slowly. Students may have more time to practice not only logical thinking (逻辑思维) but also creative thinking(创造思维). 根据短文中的信息完成表格,每空一词。 Something about 　1　 in other countries  In the USA *　2　 homework can be finished in class.  *The homework is often a one⁃page paper 　3　 about 15 questions.  *It usually 　4　 students about a week to finish a slideshow presentation.  *Students have to do test sheets to get 　5　.  In 6　  *In general, students spend a 　7　 time on their homework.  *There are different kinds of homework, such as 　8　 out maths problems, doing writing, reading books and filling in English exercises.  *Students can 　9　 much from physics projects.  *Students can have more time to practice both logical thinking 　10　 creative thinking.  三.短文填空(每小题1分,共10分) 根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。 David, Tony and I are good friends. We are in the s　1　 grade. They are in Class One, and I am in Class Two. We get up at seven o’clock and then g　2　 to school. They have English a　3　 ten o’clock in the morning and I have it at eleven o’clock. English is m　4　 favourite lesson. They like Chinese very much. We all like h　5　 PE.  In the afternoon, at half past two we have two art l　6　 in the same classroom. After that we often p　7　 football in the playground. We all like football. Sometimes we play computer games at home. We don’t w　8　 TV. We do our h　9　 at home. We all help our mothers d　10　 some housework. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第08讲 Unit4 School days （Grammar-Integration） （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练考点 强知识：考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一．单词学习 1 of course 当然 2 seldom /'seldəm/ adv. 很少 3 tennis /'tenɪs/ n. 网球 4 roller skate /ˈrəʊlə skeɪt/ vi. 滑旱冰,溜早冰 5 grow /grəʊ/ vt. & vi. (使) 生长,发育 6 tour /tʊə(r)/ n. 参观;旅行 7 website /'websaɪt/ n. 网站 8 video /'vɪdiəʊ/ n. 视频 9 outside /ˌaʊt'saɪd/ adv. 在(向) 外面 prep. 在(向)···外面 10 peace /pi:s/ n. 平静;和平 11 quiet /'kwaɪət/ n. 宁静,平静 12 teamwork /'ti:mwɜːk/ n. 团队合作 13 better /'betə(r)/ adj. 更好的 14 tiring /'taɪərɪŋ/ adj. 累人的 15 duty /'dju:ti/ n. 职责,任务;责任,义务 16 area /'eəriə/ n. 区域;面积;领域 17 take part in 参加 18 through /θru:/ prep. 以,凭借;通过;穿过 19 group /gru:p/ n. 组,群,批 20 turn /tɜːn/ n. (依次轮到的) 机会 21 take turns 轮流 22 empty /'empti/ vt. 倒空,腾空 adj. 空的 23 bin /bɪn/ n. 垃圾桶 24 take care of 照顾 25 something /'sʌmθɪŋ/ pron. 某事,某物 二．课文解析 Grammar 语法归纳 表示时间的介词on/in/at 介词 用法 示例 on 用在表示具体的日期、星期几、特定的节日(一天)、具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上前。 on October 1st on Friday on Children’s Day on Monday morning in 用于年、季节、月份前,也可以泛指在上午、下午或晚上。 in 2020 in winter in March in the afternoon at 用于表示具体时刻、年龄或noon、 night等前。 at 8:00 at six(years old)/at the age of six at noon (1)如果节日不止一天,而是持续一段时间,介词应用at。如at the Spring Festival "在春节(期间)"。 (2)当时间状语中含有this、 that、 these、 those、 last、 next、 every、 each等修饰语时,其前不用介词;当时间状语是today、 tonight(今晚)、 tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening等时,其前不用介词。 I go to school on foot every morning. 我每天早上步行去上学。 I’m at home tonight. 我今晚在家。 语法归纳 频度副词 表示动作发生的频率常用频度副词。频度副词所表示的频率由低到高为: 1.频度副词的用法 频度副词 用法 always 意为"总是,一直",它所表示的频率是最高的,表示动作反复发生。 usually 意为"通常",表示习惯性动作或状态,很少有例外。 often 意为"经常,时常",表示动作或状态的反复,中间有间断。 sometimes 意为"有时",表示动作时有发生,间隔较长。 seldom 意为"很少,不常",表示否定意义。 never 意为"从不",表示否定意义。 2.频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词通常放在行为动词之前,be动词、情态动词和助动词之后。 We often play basketball after school. 放学后我们经常打篮球。 He is never late for school. 他上学从不迟到。 She can sometimes win a match.她有时能赢得比赛。 We do not usually go swimming.我们不经常去游泳。 注意有时为了表示强调,会把sometimes、 usually、 always、 often等频度副词放在句首;有时还会把often放在句末,这时可用very或quite来修饰often。 Sometimes my mum goes to work on foot. 有时我妈妈步行去上班。 I like playing computer games, but my dad doesn’t let me play them very often. 我喜欢玩电脑游戏,但是我爸爸不让我经常玩。 3.用how often对频度副词进行提问 对频度副词进行提问时,要用how often。 He seldom does morning exercises. 他很少做早操。→ How often does he do morning exercises? 他多久做一次早操? 四．知识梳理 考点1 Of course! 当然! (教材P47) of course 当然 肯定答语，相当于sure/certainly。若表示“当然不”，要用of course not. -Can you help me to repair my computer? 你能帮我修一下电脑吗?-Of course/Sure/Certainly. 当然可以。 -It's cold outside. Would you mind closing the window? 外面很冷，你介意关一下窗户吗? -Of course not. I will do it at once. 当然不介意。我马上关。 考点2 seldom 很少(教材 P48) seldom adv.很少 [副词]表示某事很少发生或发生的频率不高，本身含有否定意义。通常放在行为动词之前，助动词、情态动词或动词be 之后。 In order to protect his eyes, he seldom uses electronic products. 为了保护眼睛，他很少使用电子产品。 He is seldom late for work. 他上班很少迟到。 Barking dogs seldom bite. 吠犬不咬人。 [经典例题]根据英文提示填写一个单词。 Millie is ( not often) late for school because she gets up early every day. [解析]句意：米莉上学很少迟到，因为她每天起得很早。根据英文提示可知，本题需要表达“(not often)不常”这一意思。seldom 意为“很少，不常”，符合题意。故填seldom。 考点3 I do not have much time to play tennis. 我没有太多时间打网球。(教材 P48) have time 有时间 相当于be free。 have no time 没空 have (no) time to do sth. (没)有时间做某事 Jack has time this afternoon.(= Jack is free this afternoon.) 杰克今天下午有空。 Sorry, I have no time to go shopping with you. 抱歉，我没有时间陪你去购物。 五．课文解析 Integration 桑迪：艾米，你喜欢学校组织的实地考察吗？ 艾米：我喜欢实地考察，因为我喜欢待在户外。亲近大自然的感觉很好，我可以在那里享受宁静和安宁。 桑迪：那是真的。西蒙，你呢？ 西蒙：我喜欢旅行中的团队合作。每个人都尽力让事情变得更好。 桑迪：是的，但有时候实地考察对我来说太累了。我喜欢我们周一的班级职责。保持学校区域清洁感觉很好。 Task 通过家务学习 在我的班级里，我们大家分组工作，轮流做不同的家务。我的小组在星期一工作。通常，西蒙负责擦窗户，丹尼尔喜欢扫地，而我负责擦黑板和倒垃圾。我们有一个“班级农场”。我喜欢在那里浇水植物。这帮助我学会了如何照顾植物。我们每个人都为班级做一些事情，并通过家务学习团队合作。我们很高兴保持我们的教室干净整洁。 六．知识梳理 考点1 Learn how to grow apples 学习如何种植苹果(教材P50) 疑问词+动词不定式 本句中how to grow apples属于“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作learn的宾语。动词不定式常和what、which、who( m)、where、when、how 等连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 Where to live is a big problem for her. 住在哪里对她来说是个大问题。(作主语，谓语动词用单数形式) We must know what to say at the meeting. 我们必须知道在会上说什么。(作宾语) The problem is whom to go with. 问题是和谁一起去。(作表语) [经典例题]用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 MissGao is preparing(准备) a talk on how (solve) teenage problems. [解析]句意：高老师正在准备一个关于如何解决青少年问题的演讲。此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作介词 on 的宾语，故填to solve。 grow v.(使)生长，发育 (1) [不及物动词](植物)生长，发育；(人或动物)长大，发育，长高 grow up 长大；成长 Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters. 海草可以在非常深和黑暗的水域中生长。 Victor seemed to grow taller every day. 维克托好像一天比一天高。 What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后想成为什么? (2)[及物动词]种植 其后可直接接名词或代词作宾语。 We grew some strawberries in the yard. 我们在院子里种了些草莓。 【拓展】[连系动词]逐渐变得；逐渐成为 后常接形容词作表语。 The tree grows tall. 这棵树长高了。 考点2 Have a tour of the fields 参观田园(教材P50) tour [可数名词] n.参观；旅行 [辨] tour，trip与travel 三者作名词均有“旅行”之意，区别如下： tour 指以观光为目的的旅游,也可指明星的巡演。 We took a walking tour of the city.我们徒步游览了这座城市。 trip 指短程往返的旅行,尤指带有娱乐性的旅行。 We are planning a trip to Mount Tai.我们正计划去泰山游玩。 travel 常指远距离的旅行。 They say that travel can open their eyes.他们说 旅行能够开阔眼界。 【拓展】(1)tour[动词]旅游；参观 We spent four weeks touring around Europe. 我们花了四个星期周游欧洲。 (2) tour n. & v.旅行；旅游 →tourist n.旅游者；观光者 →tourism n.旅游业 [语境串记]Hainan is famous for its tourism, and many tourists go on a tour there every year.海南因旅游业而闻名，每年有很多游客去那里旅游。 考点3 I love field trips because I like being outside.我喜欢野外考察因为我喜欢待在户外。 (教材 P51) outside adv.在(向)外面 prep.在(向)……外面 [副词]在(向)外面 It's raining outside. 外面在下雨。 [介词]在(向)……外面 You can park the car outside the house. 你可以把汽车停在屋外。 【拓展】[形容词]在外面的；外部的(只位于名词前) The outside wall is white. 外墙是白色的。 (2)[名词]外部；外表 The outside of the house needs painting. 房子的外表需要用油漆漆一下。 考点4 It's nice to get close to nature, and I can enjoy the peace and quiet there.亲近大自然很好，而且我可以在那里享受平静和安宁。(教材 P51) peace [不可数名词] n.平静；和平 peaceful adj.平静的；和平的 peacefully adv.平静地；和平地 in peace 平静地；和平地 Every time I listen to a pipa tune, I have a strong feeling of peace.每次听琵琶曲调,我内心都很平静。 The two communities live together in peace. 这两个社区和平相处。 The colour makes us feel relaxed and peaceful. 这种颜色使我们感到放松和平静。 My grandparents live peacefully in the countryside and they like the life there.我的爷爷奶奶在乡下过着平静的生活,他们喜欢那里的生活。 quiet n.宁静，平静 We were enjoying the quiet of the forest. 我们享受着森林的静谧。 I go to the library for a little peace and quiet. 我到图书馆去清静一下。（peace and quiet 清静） 【拓展】(1)[形容词]安静的；文静的 可作定语或表语。 keep/be quiet保持安静 quiet的形近词是quite (adv.相当；很；非常)。 I like to read in a quiet place. 我喜欢在安静的地方看书。 Keep quiet! The students are taking an exam. 保持安静！学生们正在考试。 She is quiet and shy. 她文静而又腼腆。 (2)quietly[副词]安静地；轻声地；悄声地 “I’m sorry,” she said quietly. “对不起。” 她轻声说道。 She opened the door quietly. 她悄悄打开了门。 [经典例题]-Be please! Your sister is reading a book. -All right! I will. A. happy B. polite C. exciting D.quiet [解析] happy“幸福的”；polite“有礼貌的”；exciting“令人激动的”；quiet“安静的”。根据“你妹妹正在看书”可知，此处是说“请安静”。故选D。 考点5 Everybody tries their best to make things better. 每个人都竭尽全力让事情变得更好。(教材 P51) try one's best 尽某人最大努力，竭尽全力（通常用形容词性物主代词） 相当于do one's best。 try/do one's best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事. I know it’s hard, but I will try my best. 我知道这很困难，但我会尽我最大努力。 The race started and Dale tried his best to run fast. 比赛开始，戴尔竭尽全力快跑。(哈尔滨中考) 【拓展】含try的其他短语:： try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try on 试穿 try out for 参加……选拔(或试演) better adj.更好的 [形容词]是good(好的)和well(身体好的；健康的)的比较级。 Parents and schools make rules to help the students to become better and better. 家长和学校制订规则帮助学生变得越来越好。(better and better意为“越来越好”) [谚语]A good neighbour is better than a brother far away. 远亲不如近邻。 I feel much better now, thank you. 我现在感觉好多了,谢谢您。 【拓展】[副词]更好地 是well(好；令人满意地)的比较级。 Lingling sings better than Dandan. 玲玲唱得比丹丹好。 考点6 Yes, but sometimes field trips are too tiring for me. 是的，但有时候野外考察对我来说太累了。(教材 P51) tiring adj.累人的 [辨]tring与tired tiring “累人的，令人困倦的”，常用于修饰物，表示事物的性质或特征。 tired “疲劳的；厌烦的”，常用于描述人，表示人的主观感受。 be/get tired of ( doing) sth. 厌烦(做)某事 We are tired of doing the tiring work. 我们厌烦做这些累人的工作。 【拓展】一般情况下，-ing式形容词常用于修饰物，-ed式形容词常用于描述人。 Interesting 有趣的一interested 感兴趣的 exciting 使人兴奋的一excited 兴奋的 Surprising 令人吃惊的一surprised 惊讶的 relaxing 令人放松的一relaxed 放松的 考点7 I like our class duties on Mondays.我喜欢我们每周一的班级值日。(教材 P51) duty n.职责，任务；责任，义务 [可数名词]&[不可数名词] 复数形式：duties do one’s duty 尽到某人的责任 It is one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任。 have a duty to do sth. 有责任做某事 As a teacher, my duty is helping every student to learn. 作为一名教师，我的职责是帮助每个学生学习。(2023 徐州中考) It’s our duty to keep the classroom clean and tidy. 保持教室干净整洁是我们的责任。 I have a duty to take care of her. 我有责任照顾她。 【拓展】on duty 值班；上班 off duty 下班 He goes on duty at 8 a. m. and comes off duty at 5 p.m. 他上午8点上班，下午5点下班。 考点8 It feels good to keep our school area clean. 保持我们学校区域干净的感觉很好。(教材P51) It feels + adj. +to do sth.做某事感觉…… （It形式主语 to do sth真正的主语） 相当于“It is +adj. + to do sth. ”。 It feels pleasant to talk with Mary. 同玛丽谈话令人感到愉快。 It must feel strange to have a twin sister. 有一个孪生妹妹，这感觉一定很奇怪。 It feels nice to take a walk in the garden. 在公园里散散步感觉很好。 keep sb./sth.+ adj. 使某人/某物保持某种状态 keep[及物动词](使)保持 To keep cool, he keeps the door open. 为了保持凉爽，他开着门。 Please keep the museum clean and tidy. 请保持博物馆干净整洁。 【拓展】[连系动词]保持 keep + adj. 保持某种状态 keep[连系动词]保持 Put on your coat to keep warm. 穿上外套以保暖。 可数名词 area [可数名词]n.区域；面积；领域 (1) 区域，地区 a public area公共区域 Water is important to all living things, but some areas in the world are severely short of water.水对所有生物都很重要，但世界上有些地区严重缺水。 It is a large public area with green grass and birds. 它是一个有绿色草坪和鸟儿的大型公共区域。 (2)面积 be...in area/size“占……面积”，相当于have/ has an area of...。 The room is 20 square metres in area. = The room has an area of 20 square metres.这个房间的面积是20平方米。 (3)领域 I’m interested in various areas of technology. 我对很多技术领域都感兴趣。 考点9 How many students take part in it? 多少 学生参加? (教材 P51) [辨] take part in与join take part in 指参加群体性活动、劳动、会议、聚会等，并在其中起积极作用。 join 指加入某组织、团体或某人的活动，并成为其中的一员。 Talking with your family or taking part in a group activity can help you feel better.和家人交谈或参加团队活动会帮助你感觉好些。(菏泽中考) May joined the Computer Club last year. 梅去年加入了电脑俱乐部。 [经典例题]完成句子，每空一词。 凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。 Kate plans to the activities on the School Science Day. 答案：take part in 考点10 Learning through chores 通过值日学习 (教材 P52) through prep.以，凭借；通过；穿过 (1)以，凭借 表示方式。 I knew the news through the internet. 我是从互联网上知道这个消息的。 (2)穿过；通过 多指穿过门、窗、洞、森林、城市、隧道等。 The River Thames flows through London. 泰晤士河流经伦敦。 【拓展】through[介词]自始至终；从头到尾 He acted so well that people just couldn’t stop laughing through the movie. 他演得如此好,以至于人们看电影时从头到尾笑个不停。 [经典例题]DengQingming, an astronaut of Shenzhou-15, achieved his dream many years’ hard work. A.without B. in C. through [解析]句意：邓清明，神舟十五号的航天员，凭借多年的努力实现了他的梦想。without“没有”；in“在……中”；through“以，凭借”。此处表示方式，应用through，故选C。 考点11In my class, we all work in groups and take turns to do different chores.在我们班，大家分小组轮流完成不同的值日任务。(教材 P52) group n.组，群，批 a group of... 一组/群/批……(其后常跟可数名词复数) in groups 成群地；分组 A group of boys stood at the school gate. 一群男孩站在学校门口。 The students often study in groups. 这些学生经常分组学习。 【拓展】[动词]把……分组；把……分类 group... into... 把……分成…… The books are grouped together by subject. 这些书按科目分类。 Our teacher groups the class into five teams to practise. 我们的老师把全班分成五组来练习。 take turns 轮流 →[名词](依次轮到的)机会 take turns to do sth. /take turns doing sth. 轮流做某事 My husband and I take turns doing the dishes every day. 我和我丈夫每天轮流洗碗。 We take turns to look after her in the hospital. 我们轮流在医院里照顾她。 【拓展】It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。 Is your brother here? It's his turn to clean the room. 你哥哥在这儿吗?轮到他打扫房间了。 考点12... I clean the blackboard and empty the bins. ……我负责擦黑板和倒垃圾。(教材 P52) empty v.倒空，腾空 adj.空的 过去式：emptied (1) [及物动词]倒空，腾空 其反义词为fill(装满)。 She emptied her purse (out) onto the table. 她把手提包里的东西全都倒在桌子上。 Forget the worries of everyday life and empty the mind. 忘记日常生活中的烦恼，清空心灵。 (2)[形容词]空的 其反义词为full(满的)。此时可作表语或定语。 Bob wants to get something to eat from the fridge, but finds it is empty. 鲍勃想从冰箱里拿些吃的，但发现冰箱是空的。 With an empty stomach, one finds it difficult to focus in class. 空腹时，人在课堂上很难集中注意力。 fill装满(v.) full满的(adj.) empty 倒空(v.) 空的(adj.) 考点13 This helps me learn how to take care of plants. 这有助于我学习如何照顾植物。(教材 P52) take care of 照顾，照料 相当于look after或care for To take care of the old and care for the young is a good Chinese tradition. 照顾老幼是中国的优良传统。 I take care of them like they’re my own babies. 我像照顾自己的孩子一样照顾它们。 【拓展】(1)take care of 处理；负责 Her secretary always takes care of the details. 她的秘书总是处理细节问题。 (2) take care的用法： 小心；当心(相当于be careful) Take care ( that ) you don't drive too fast!当心别开得太快! (告别用语)走好，保重 Bye! Take care!再见!多保重! [经典例题]根据汉语提示完成句子。 It’s important for teenagers to learn some life skills to themselves. (照顾) 答案：take care of/care for/look after 考点14 We each do something for our class and learn about teamwork through chores.通过值日，我们每个人都为班级做事并学会团队协作。(教材 P52) something 某事，某物 [复合不定代词] (1)常用于肯定句中。 Let me tell you something about my school. 让我来告诉你一些我学校的事情吧。 (2)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Something is wrong with my new computer. 我的新电脑出故障了。 (3)形容词或动词不定式修饰something时应后置。 We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do something meaningful. 我们应该理性地花我们的零花钱，用它做一些有意义的事情。 I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 【拓展】含thing的其他复合不定代词： anything “任何东西；任何事物”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。 Do you have anything to say? 你有什么要说的吗? “随便哪个东西；随便什么事物”，常用于肯定句中。 You can do anything you like.你可以做任何你喜欢的事情。 nothing “没有什么；没有一件东西"，表示否定含义。 There is nothing in the fridge.冰箱里什么都没有。 everything 所有事物；一切 Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。 [注意]在表示请求、建议或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，常用something，而不用anything。 -Would you like something to drink, Judy? 你想喝点什么吗，朱迪? -Yes. Some milk is OK. 好的，一些牛奶就行。(贵港中考) [经典例题]Learning is a lifelong journey, for it brings us new every day. A. everything B.nothing C. anything D. something [解析]由“学习是一个终身的旅程”可推知，此处是说“因为它每天都给我们带来新的东西”，应用 something 表示“某事，某物”，故选 D。 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示写出单词 1 go to the library （两次）a month. 2.Good (幸运） to you in the exam, Jack! 3．There are all kinds of （博物馆）in our city. 4. I like to go on （野餐）with my friends in spring. 5. My brother Bob often plays football with his friends at (周末). 6. We can make our dreams come true (凭借) our hard work. 7. Tom, please throw the rubbish into the (垃圾桶). 8. Which (组) are you going to join? 9. Looking after small children can be very (累人的). 10. There are three (视频) shops in Suzhou Centre. 1. twice 2. luck 3. museums 4. picnics 5. weekends 6. through 7. bin 8. group9. tiring 10. video 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. They have much homework (do) now. 2. Boys have fun (play) basketball in the playground. 3. The Green family (not like) eating too much meat. 4. More and more people spend lots of time on short (video). 5. The street cleaner starts to work early and she also (empty) the rubbish bins. 6. It is important for us to learn how to (pick) apples on the farm. 7. He tries his best to (take) care of his little brother. 8. She was so (tiring) that she fell asleep quickly. 9. We shouldn't leave any rubbish in the park. (keep) the park clean, please. 10. We take (turn) to clean the blackboard. 11. You are not having much (lucky) today, are you? 12．I always go to the park (one)a week. 13. Each of the children (have) a model plane. 14. Why don’t you like (dance) , Mary? 15. It’s fun (go) roller skating with my best friend. 1. to do 2. playing 3. don’t like 4. videos 5. empties 6. pick 7. take8. tired 9. Keep 10. turns 11 luckier 12 once 13 has 14 dancing 15 . to fun 三．单选。 ( )1． Jack thinks volleyball is a girls’ game, so he plays it． A. Usually B. often C. never D. always ( )2- You need to exercise and watch TV to keep healthy. A. much; no B． a lot; little C. a little; a lot D. no; much ( )3 do you go to the cinema? -Let me see, three times a month maybe. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How soon ( )4. -1 think drinking milk every morning is good our health. -Yes.I agree you. A. to: to B. with: to C． at; with D．for; with ( )5， Usually ,I make breakfast for my family Saturdays. A．at B. in C. on D. to ( )6. The students must their mistakes. A. Learn B. learn from C. learn about D. learn of ( )7.--- a week do you go to the Tennis Club?-Three times. A. How often B．How long C. How much time D. How many times ( )8. -Millie, late for school again. -Sorry,I won’t. A. Isn’t B. doesn’t be C. don’t be D. won’t be ( )9. Doing morning exercises us get ready the day. A. Helps; with B. Helps; for C. help; with D. help; for ( )10. Does the volleyball match begin? -At 6:30 in the evening. A. What B. What time C. How D. Where 1.C2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.B 四．句型转换. 1． Look at the picture，please.（改为否定句） the picture, please. 2．Do you want some apple juice?（改为同义句） You some apple juice? 3．I sleep for 8 hours every day.（对画线部分提问） You sleep every day? 4． She does the shopping twice a week.（对画线部分提问） The shopping? 5.1 want to go to the park by bike.（对画线部分提问） You want to go to the park? 1.Don’ t look at 2 would like 3 How long do 4 How often does she do 5 How do 五、根据中文提示完成句子 1.我和妹妹轮流做不同的家务活。My sister and I 2.每天早晨我起床后，先扫地，然后倒垃圾。 Every morning when I get up, first I and then 3.登山能让我亲近大自然，享受大自然的宁静。 Climbing can help me and there. 4.我们从家务活中学习如何照顾植物和宠物。We learn how to 5.每个人都尽力让房子保持干净。Everybody 1. take turns to do different chores 2. sweep the floor; empty the bin 3. get close to the nature; enjoy the peace and quiet 4. take care of plants and pets through chores 5. tries to keep the house clean 六、首字母填空 You can make a lot of friends in middle school. But h 1 can you make friends quickly here? Try to find some interesting clubs in your school. You will feel excited because you can meet students with the same h 2 . Also, if a student spends much time doing the things you love,maybe you can be friends. Take part in dances and sports out of school.You'll m 3 lots of people from other schools.They also like dancing and sports. You can dance and exercise together. These a 4 can help you know more people. Maybe you can make friends with some of them. Be with people if they are k 5 to you.They are very friendly and always think about others. Make friends with them and you can h 6 each other. Look for students with a smile(微笑) on the face. A face full of smiles will make you f 7 happy. Don't close the d 8 when you feel sad. It will be difficult for other people to get to you. Get out of the room and f 9 some people to chat with. Tell them your problems( 困难) and how you feel. You will become good friends. Friends are like warm s 10 days. Go and try to make some! 1. how 2. hobby 3. meet 4. activities5. kind 6. help 7. feel 8. door9. find 10. sunny 假如你是李华，你的一位英国笔友汤姆来信询问你的学校生活。请你根据他的来信，向他介绍你的近况。 Dear Li Hua, How's everything going? I hear that you are now studying in a middle school. What's your school like? Do you enjoy your school life? Tell me something about your school life. Looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes, Tom 注意： 1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称； 2.短文须包括所有内容要点，要求语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 3.词数80左右，文章开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, Thank you for your letter. I'm very glad to tell you something about my school and my school life. Best wishes, Li Hua Dear Tom, Thank you for your letter. I'm very glad to tell you something about my school and my school life. My school is big and beautiful. There are two classroom buildings, two dining halls, a playground and a library in it. You can also see many flowers in the school. I like my school very much. I go to school from Monday to Friday every week. I have seven classes every weekday. I like English class best because it's very interesting. I like music and I am in the school music club. There are many activities in our school, such as singing competitions, sports matches and school trips. I think my school life is colourful. What about your school and school life? Can you tell me something about them? Best wishes, Li Hua Grammar 1. 　　　　 adv. 很少 　 2. 　　　　 n. 网球运动 swim—　　　　 （名词） 1. 　　　　　　　　 告诉某人关于某事 2. 　　　　　　　　 ……中的一员 3. 　　　　　　　　 当然 4. 　　　　　　　　 去滑旱冰 1. I do not　　　　　　　　　　　　 play tennis. 我没有太多时间打网球。 2. She always dances　　　　　　　　　　　　. 她总是跳舞半个小时。 一．1.few adv. 2. tennis 二．swimming ，swimmer 三．1.tell someone about something 2.A member of 3.of course 4.Go roller skating 四．1.have much time to 2.for half an hour Pronunciation ～ Further study 1.　　　　 vt. & vi. （使）生长，发育 2. 　　　　 n. 参观；旅行 3. 　　　　 n. 网站 4. 　　　　 n. 视频 5. 　　　　 adv. 在外面prep. 向……外面 6. 　　　　 n. 平静；和平 7. 　　　　 n. 宁静，平静 8. 　　　　 n. 团队合作 9. 　　　　 adj. 更好的 10. 　　　　 adj. 累人的 11. 　　　　 n. 职责，任务；责任，义务 12. 　　　　 n. 区域；面积；领域 13. 　　　　 prep. 以，凭借；通过；穿过 14. 　　　　 n. 组，群，批 15. 　　　　 n. （依次轮到的）机会 16. 　　　　 vt. 倒空，腾空adj. 空的 17. 　　　　 n. 垃圾桶 18. 　　　　 pron. 某事；某物 well—　　　　 （比较级） 1.　　　　　　　　 参加 2. 　　　　　　　　 轮流 3. 　　　　　　　　 照顾，照料 1. 　　　　 do you 　　　　 about school field trips?关于学校的实地考察你觉得怎么样？ 2. It's nice 　　　　　　　　　　　　 nature. 亲近大自然是件好事。 3. Everybody 　　　　　　　　　　　　 make things better. 每个人都尽全力使事情变得更好。 4. It 　　　　　　　　　　　　 keep our school area clean. 保持我们学校区域的清洁感觉很好。 5. This helps me learn 　　　　 take care of plants. 这有助于我学会如何照料植物。 一．1. grow 2. visit 3. website 4.video 5 outside 6. peace 7. calm 8. teamwork 9. better 10. tiring 11. duty12. area 13.through 14.group 15. turn 16.empty 17. trash 18. something 二．better 三．1.take part in 2.take turns 3.take care of 四．1.What think 2.to be close to nature 3.does their best to 4.good to 5.how to 1． 阅读理解（20分） A Hello, I’m Harry. I’m a student of Hogwarts School. It’s a great castle(城堡). I take the train to school every autumn and then I live and study in the castle with my classmates. I often get up at half past six and go to the classroom with my friends. Some of our classrooms are under the ground floor(一层). We don’t have lessons like English, maths or geography, but we have history. We have four lessons in the morning. Classes start at 8 o’clock. In the afternoon, we have two lessons. My favorite subject is PE. On the left of the castle, there’s a school playground. We play games there in PE classes. In the evening, we have dinner in the hall on the ground floor. After dinner, I like to go to the library in the middle of the castle. There are a lot of books in it. I also do my homework there. I go to bed at nine o’clock. I like my school life very much. 1.When does Harry go to school? A.In spring.　　　　 B.In summer. C.In autumn.　　　　 D.In winter. 2.What lesson does Harry have at school? A.English.　　　　 B.Maths. C.Geography.　　　　 D.History. 3.Where do students have dinner? A.Under the ground floor of the castle. B.On the left of the castle. C.On the ground floor of the castle. D.In the middle of the castle. 4.What can we learn about Harry? A.He has seven lessons a day. B.He does homework in the library. C.He often goes home with friends. D.He likes going to school by bus. 5.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.Harry’s school life. B.Harry’s family life. C.Harry’s three meals in a day. D.Harry’s favorite place. 答案　[语篇解读]　本文作者Harry主要介绍了自己的学校生活。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I take the train to school every autumn”可知,Harry每年秋天去上学,故答案为C。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We don’t have lessons like English, maths or geography, but we have history.”可知,他在学校有历史课,故答案为D。 3.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the evening, we have dinner in the hall on the ground floor.”可知,学生们在城堡的一层吃晚饭,故答案为C。 4.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After dinner, I like to go to the library...I also do my homework there.”可知,他在图书馆做家庭作业,故答案为B。 5.A　主旨大意题。本文作者Harry主要介绍了自己的学校生活,故答案为A。 B Dear Linda, 　　I’m glad to hear from you and I would like to be your pen friend. In your letter, you said you wanted to know something about my school life. Now let me tell you about it. I walk to school at 7:30 every morning because my school is near our house. I get to school at about 7:45 a.m. I often do the cleaning with my classmates first. Then we do some reading for half an hour. We have four lessons in the morning. I often have my lunch at 12:00 a.m. at school. We usually have two lessons in the afternoon. The school is over at about 5:00 p.m. and then I go home. My favorite subject is Chinese. I like all the teachers because they are friendly. I am good at sports and I enjoy playing football. I’m a member of our school football team. What about your school life? Best wishes! Dick 1.It often takes Dick about 　　　to walk to school every morning.  A.half an hour B.15 minutes C.10 minutes　　　 D.5 minutes 2.After Dick gets to school, he 　　　first.  A.does morning exercises B.does some reading C.has classes D.does the cleaning 3.How many lessons does Dick usually have in a day? A.Two. B.Four. C.Six. D.Eight. 4.How does Dick probably(可能地) go home? A.On foot.　　　　 B.By bike. C.By bus.　　　　 D.In Linda’s car. 5.From the passage, we know that 　　　.  A.Dick goes to school at 12:00 at noon B.Dick doesn’t like studying Chinese C.Dick likes playing football D.Dick’s Chinese teacher is not friendly to him [语篇解读]　本文主要讲述了Dick的学校生活的相关情况。 1.B　数字计算题。根据文章第二段中“I walk to school...about 7:45 a.m.”可知,Dick七点半出发去学校,七点四十五到达学校,所以他步行上学大约花费十五分钟。故选B。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“I often do the cleaning with my classmates first.”可知,Dick到了学校会先打扫卫生。故选D。 3.C　数字计算题。根据文章第二段中“We have four lessons in the morning.”及“We usually have two lessons in the afternoon.”可知,Dick上午上四节课,下午上两节课,一天共上六节课。故选C。 4.A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句话可知,Dick的学校离他家比较近,他早上步行上学。因此可推知,他可能步行回家。故选A。 5.C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“I enjoy playing football”知,Dick喜欢踢足球。故选C。 二.任务型阅读(每小题1分,共10分) 　　What is students’ homework like in other countries? Two students are talking about their homework. Robin, 17, the USA I can finish(完成) most of my homework in class. It’s often a one⁃page paper. There are about 15 questions. I need to hand it the next day. Sometimes I get about two tasks a day, and I spend(花费) about half an hour finishing them. For something bigger, such as a project (项目) or a slideshow presentation(幻灯片演示), we usually have about a week to do it and have a partner (伙伴) to work with. Studying time each day is different, from an hour to three hours. And sometimes we have to do test sheets (测试卷). We need to do them for credits (学分). Nina, 18, Poland In general, homework in Poland does not take too long. We work out maths problems, do writing, read books, fill in(填写) English exercises...Sometimes we have to make a presentation. For physics(物理), it may take us a longer time to finish the projects. But we can learn a lot from them. After we do an experiment (实验) in the classroom, our homework is to write a report (报告). We should write about all the theory (理论), steps and discussion on errors (错误). In the past, our homework was more about dull (乏味的) learning. But it’s changing slowly. Students may have more time to practice not only logical thinking (逻辑思维) but also creative thinking(创造思维). 根据短文中的信息完成表格,每空一词。 Something about 　1　 in other countries  In the USA *　2　 homework can be finished in class.  *The homework is often a one⁃page paper 　3　 about 15 questions.  *It usually 　4　 students about a week to finish a slideshow presentation.  *Students have to do test sheets to get 　5　.  In 6　  *In general, students spend a 　7　 time on their homework.  *There are different kinds of homework, such as 　8　 out maths problems, doing writing, reading books and filling in English exercises.  *Students can 　9　 much from physics projects.  *Students can have more time to practice both logical thinking 　10　 creative thinking.  [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了一位美国学生和一位波兰学生的家庭作业的相关情况。 1.homework　根据文章第一段可知,本文是谈论其他国家学生的家庭作业的一些情况。 2.Most　根据文章第二段中的“I can finish most of my homework in class.”可知,在美国,大部分家庭作业能在课堂上完成。故填Most。 3.with　根据文章第二段中的“It's often a one-page paper. There are about 15 questions.”可知,家庭作业经常是一页试卷,大约有15个问题。分析设空处所在句的结构和含义可知,此处用with构成的介词短语作后置定语,修饰其前的a one-page paper,意为“一页大约有15个问题的试卷”。故填with。 4.takes　根据文章第三段的第二句话可知,一个幻灯片演示通常要花费一周的时间。分析设空处所在句的结构可知,此处用句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”,故填takes。 5.credits　根据第四段的第二、三句话可知,学生为了得到学分必须做测试卷。故填credits。 6.Poland　根据文中的“Nina, 18, Poland”可知,一位名为Nina的波兰学生介绍了波兰学生的家庭作业情况。故填Poland。 7.short　根据文章第五段的第一句话“In general, homework in Poland does not take too long.”可知,一般来说,波兰的家庭作业时间不长。由语境可知,答案为short。 8.working　根据文章第五段的第二句话可知,学生做数学题、写作、读书、填英语练习册等。设空处之前的such as意为“例如”,根据其后的doing、reading及filling可知,此处填working。 9.learn　根据文章第五段的第四、五句话可知,学生可以从物理课题中学到很多东西。由设空处前的can可知,此处填learn。 10.and　根据文章最后一句话可知,学生可以有更多的时间练习逻辑思维和创造思维。both...and...意为“……和……都”。故填and。 三.短文填空(每小题1分,共10分) 根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。 David, Tony and I are good friends. We are in the s　1　 grade. They are in Class One, and I am in Class Two. We get up at seven o’clock and then g　2　 to school. They have English a　3　 ten o’clock in the morning and I have it at eleven o’clock. English is m　4　 favourite lesson. They like Chinese very much. We all like h　5　 PE.  In the afternoon, at half past two we have two art l　6　 in the same classroom. After that we often p　7　 football in the playground. We all like football. Sometimes we play computer games at home. We don’t w　8　 TV. We do our h　9　 at home. We all help our mothers d　10　 some housework. 答案　[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了我和两个好朋友的日常生活。 1.same　句意:我们在同一个年级。same符合题意。 2.go　句意:我们七点起床,然后去上学。根据go to school的搭配可知答案。 3.at　根据设空处后的“上午十点”可知,所缺的介词是at。 4.my　句意:英语是我最喜欢的课。此处要填形容词性物主代词my。 5.having　句意:我们都喜欢上体育课。根据like doing sth.和have PE的搭配可知,所缺的词是having。 6.lessons　根据其前的two和art可推知,此处要填lesson的复数形式。 7.play　表示“踢足球”要用play football。 8.watch　表示“看电视”要用watch TV。 9.homework　表示“家庭作业”要用homework。 10.do　句意:我们都帮助我们的妈妈做一些家务。所缺的词是do。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$