衔接点05 动词时态（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点05 动词时态（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 学习了一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等的构成和用法，掌握了这些时态的使用范围。 学习一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时等时态的构成和用法，掌握了这些时态的使用范围。 高中阶段应特别注意以下几点: 把握各时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中时态考点聚焦】 考点1.一般现在时 1．The movie Chang’an ________ ancient Chinese poetry to life beautifully. A．brings B．brought C．will bring D．has brought 【答案】A 【详解】句意：电影《长安三万里》将中国古代诗词生动地呈现出来。 考查动词时态。此句描述的是事实情况，所以用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故选A。 2．In summer, many people often ________ the mountain areas to relax themselves. A．visited B．are visiting C．have visited D．visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：夏天，许多人经常去山区放松自己。 考查时态。根据“often”可知此处描述经常性的动作，用一般现在时，主语是many people，谓语动词用原形。故选D。 3．We ______ different plants on the school farm as volunteers every week. Come and join us! A．care for B．will care for C．are caring for D．have cared for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们每周作为志愿者在学校农场照料不同的植物。来加入我们吧！ 考查时态。根据“every week”可知，此处表示经常重复性的动作，用一般现在时。故选A。 考点2.一般过去时 4．Last weekend, Tom and his friends ________ a picnic in the park and played games together. A．have B．will have C．had D．are having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末，汤姆和他的朋友们在公园里野餐，还一起玩游戏。 考查动词时态辨析。have一般现在时；will have一般将来时；had一般过去时；are having现在进行时。Last weekend为一般过去时标志词，表明动作发生在过去，动词需用过去式。故选C。 5．There ________ a lot of cars on the road this morning. The traffic was very busy. A．was B．is C．are D．were 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天早上路上有很多车。交通非常繁忙。 考查主谓一致和时态。根据时间状语“this morning”可知句子需用一般过去时，主语“a lot of cars”是复数形式，因此谓语动词需用复数过去式。A项“was”是单数过去式，B项“is”是单数现在式，C项“are”是复数现在式，D项“were”是复数过去式。故选D。 6．—May I speak to Mr Jones? —I’m sorry. He isn’t at home. He ________ fishing twenty minutes ago. A．is going B．goes C．went D．was going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以和Jones先生通话吗？——很抱歉。他不在家。他20分钟前去钓鱼了。 考查动词时态。根据“twenty minutes ago.”可知，空处时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 考点3.一般将来时 7．—Rose, what are these potatoes and carrots used for? —I ________ them for our parents for dinner. Come and join me. A．cook B．cooked C．will cook D．have cooked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Rose，这些土豆和胡萝卜是用来做什么的？——我将为我们的父母做晚餐。来加入我吧。 考查动词时态。根据“what are these potatoes and carrots used for?”可知，使用这些土豆和胡萝卜做的事情发生在将来，所以用一般将来时“will do”。故选C。 8．________ a new library built in our community next year. A．There is B．There was C．There will be D．There are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明年我们社区将建一座新图书馆。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。句中时间状语“next year”表示将来，因此句子应使用一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时形式是“There will be”。故选C。 9．—Have you heard Ne Zha will go on till the end of this month! —Really? I can’t wait! I ________ tickets to enjoy the fantastic film. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．have bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听说《哪吒》要放映到这个月底吗！——真的吗？我等不及了！我要买票去看这部精彩的电影。 考查动词时态。根据“Ne Zha will go on till the end of this month”以及“I can’t wait!”可知，《哪吒》要放映到这个月底，说话者等不及了，由此可推测说话者打算去买票，应用一般将来时，will buy符合语境。故选C。 考点4.现在进行时 10．—Our foreign teacher ________ for Australia on Sunday. Shall we go to see him off at the airport? —Good idea! Thanks to him, we have much progress in English. A．is leaving B．left C．has left D．was leaving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们的外教星期天要去澳大利亚。我们去机场给他送行好吗？——好主意！多亏了他，我们的英语进步很大。 考查现在进行时表将来。根据“on Sunday”和“Shall we go to see him off at the airport?”可知，外教将要动身去澳大利亚，leave用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，其结构为“am/is/are+doing”。故选A。 11．Some teenagers ________ football over there. Let’s go and join them. A．play B．played C．are playing D．were playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些青少年正在那边踢足球。我们去加入他们吧。 考查动词时态。根据“Let’s go and join them.”可知，青少年们应该是正在踢足球，应用现在进行时：am/is/are doing。故选C。 12．—Sorry, I can’t hear what you say clearly. I ________ a basketball competition outside. —Well, I will call you later. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．will watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——抱歉，我听不清你说的话。我正在外面看一场篮球比赛。——好的，我稍后再打给你。 考查动词时态。根据“Sorry, I can’t hear what you say clearly.”可知，正是因为此刻正在外面看篮球比赛，才导致听不清对方说话，强调动作正在发生。故选C。 考点5.过去进行时 13．I ________ on the bed at this time yesterday. A．lie B．was lying C．lied D．lay 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候我躺在床上。 考查动词时态。根据“at this time yesterday”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在做的事情，应该用过去进行时。故选B。 14．When we arrived at the theme park, a large number of visitors ________ at the gate. A．waited B．have waited C．will wait D．were waiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我们到达主题公园时，很多游客正在门口等候。 考查过去进行时。waited等待，一般过去时；have waited等待，现在完成时；will wait等待，一般将来时；were waiting等待，过去进行时。根据“When we arrived at the theme park”可知，当我们到达主题公园时，游客正在等候，此处描述过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作应该用过去进行时。故选D。 15．— How was your volunteer work at the nursing home? — Meaningful! The elderly ________ when we sang red songs with them. A．smile B．smiled C．will smile D．were smiling 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你在养老院的志愿者工作怎么样？——很有意义！当我们和老人们一起唱红歌时，他们在微笑。 考查时态。根据“when we sang red songs with them.”可知，空格处需描述过去某个具体时刻（唱歌时）正在发生的动作，因此使用过去进行时，谓语动词构成是was/were+现在分词。故选D。 16．The Greens ______a few cities since they came to China. A．visited B．have visited C．are visiting D．will visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：格林一家自从来到中国后，已经参观了几座城市。 考查动词时态。句子中的“since they came to China”表明动作从过去某一时间点开始持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选B。 考点6.现在完成时 17．We ________ many changes in our hometown since 1980. New parks and shopping malls have sprung up everywhere. A．have seen B．saw C．will see D．are seeing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自1980年以来，我们的家乡发生了许多变化。新的公园和购物中心如雨后春笋般涌现。 考查时态。根据“since 1980”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选A。 18．—When did Mary leave her office? —She ________ for about 5 minutes. A．left B．was away C．has been away D．has left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Mary什么时候离开她的办公室？——她已经离开五分钟了。 考查时态。根据“for about 5 minutes”为“for+时间段”，是现在完成时的标志词，且谓语动词必须是延续性动词，故瞬间动词leave要转变成be away，表状态可以延续。用has been away。故选C。 19．I ________ a lot since I started junior high school. A．have changed B．changed C．was changing D．change 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自从我上初中以来，我改变了许多。 考查现在完成时态。since是现在完成时态的标志词，根据“since I started junior high school”可知，此处用现在完成时态。现在完成时态的结构是“have/has + done”，change的过去分词是changed。故选A。 20．Tina and Peter ________ next-door neighbours since they came to Beijing. A．were B．are C．have been D．had been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Tina和Peter自从来到北京后一直是隔壁邻居。 考查动词时态。根据“since they came to Beijing.”可知，此处表示从过去某一时间点持续到现 在的状态，需用现在完成时（have/has done）。故选C。 【高中时态考点聚焦】 课标解读 动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点, 考生应熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 考点清单 考点一、一般现在时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常有标志性时间副词always, every day等。在语法填空科技类说明文，以及短文改错介绍客观事实经常用一般现在时。 例1：I leave home for school at 7:00 am every day. 例2：He always takes a walk after supper. 要点精讲2：表示客观事实和普遍真理常用一般现在时。 例1：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 例2：Sound travels faster through water than it does through air. 要点精讲3：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。 例1：I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 例2：Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 要点精讲4：表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。 例1：The train for Nanjing leaves at 6:05 tomorrow morning. 例2：The next plane arrives at 3:15 this afternoon. 考点二、现在进行时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常有now, at present, currently, Look, Listen, at the moment等标志性词汇。 例1：Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 例2：Listen! She is singing an English song. 要点精讲2：现在进行时还可以表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行着的动作，这种动作常与表示一段的时间状语连用，如these days , this week等。 例1：They are planting trees on the hill these days. 例2：I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 要点精讲3：go, come, leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。 例1：Jane and Betty are going on holiday in a few days. 例2：Where are you staying in Guangzhou? 要点精讲4：always, forever, continually, constantly等频度副词与现在进行时连用表示赞扬、抱怨、不满等感情色彩。 例1：He is constantly leaving his things about.（表责怪） 例2：They are forever quarreling about something. (不满) 考点三、现在完成时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。常见标志词：副词型---already, ever, never, recently, lately, yet；短语型---so far, every since, for days, up to now, in the past two years, over the weeks等。概括为：发生在过去，影响在现在。 例1：Since then, he has developed another bad habit. 例2：Up to now, everything has been OK. 例3：There has been no rain here for nearly two months. 要点精讲2：在It/This is the first/second/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。但是主语是过去时，从句要用过去完成时。 例1：It is the first time that I have spoken in public. 要点精讲3：在It/This is the best/worst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时。 例：This is the most interesting novel that he has ever written. 考点四、现在完成进行时典型用法 （高中重点） 要点精讲1：现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。 例1：We have been discussing the matter several times this year. 例2：He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 要点精讲2：现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较 区别 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 区别一 表示动作的重复 一般不表示重复性 区别二 含有感情色彩 一般是平铺直叙 区别三 强调事情的过程 强调事情结果 例1：Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？ 例2：Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗？ 例3：I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满） 例4：I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实） 例5：Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些） 例6：Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩） 考点五、一般将来时五种表达方法 要点精讲1：will/shall do表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，是最常见的一般将来时表达形式。注意will do还可以表示不以人的意志为转移的自然规律；表示临时性决定或打算，还可以用于“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”中。 例1：I shall be free this afternoon. 例2：My sister will be 18 next year. 例3：— George phoned while you were out. — Ok. I will phone him back. 例4：Work hard and you will succeed. 要点精讲2：be going to do也是一般将来时表达方式，表示推测时强调说话有充分依据，尤指天气变化。 例1：Are you going to play basketball after class? 例2：Look at those black clouds. It is going to rain. 要点精讲3：“be about to+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。 例：The English evening is about to start. 要点精讲4：“be to+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。 例1：There is to be a slide show this afternoon. 例2：You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock. 要点精讲5：现在进行时表将来，这一结构常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come, go, leave, start, move, arrive等。 例1：I am leaving for Tibet on Sunday. 例2：When are you going back to your factory? 考点六、一般将来进行时典型用法 要点精讲：将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有by this time tomorrow等等。 例1：By this time tomorrow, I will be lying on the beach. 例2：Don't phone me between 8:00 and 10:00. We will be having classes then. 考点七、将来完成时两种典型用法 （高中重点） 要点精讲1：一般将来完成时（will have done）表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by, by the end of, by the time…等结构连用。 例1：By the end of this month, we will have studied 10 units. 例2：When they move here next month, we will have lived in the city for 5 years. 要点精讲2：过去将来完成时（would have done）表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，多与宾语从句和虚拟语气连用。 例1：I thought Sophia would have told you something. 例2：If we had found him earlier we would have saved his life. 考点八、一般过去时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：一般过去时多表示过去已发生的动作，并有明确的时间状语，如the other day, yesterday, last week, in 1980等。 例1：Tom didn't come to class yesterday. 例2：Oh, John. I never thought I met you here. 要点精讲2：一般过去时表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作，常与often，usually，seldom等频度副词连用。 例：When I was in the countryside, I often called on my old friends there. 要点精讲3：一般过去时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与现在事实相反的情况，如I wish…., If only…., I would rather that…., It is time that…. 及if虚拟条件句等。 例1：I would rather you came tomorrow. 例2：It is high time that we had our lunch. 例3：I wish I were a bird, flying freely in the sky. 例4：If only I knew how to operate an electronic computer as you do. 例5：If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 考点九、过去进行时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常有明确的时间状语暗示，如at 7:00 last night等。 例1：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 例2：She was playing the piano while I was reading the newspaper. 要点精讲2：过去进行时还可以表示过去一段时间内频繁发生或一直进行的动作。 例1：We were talking about you the whole morning. 例2：He was watching TV at home from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon. 要点精讲3：go, come ,leave等瞬间动词的过去进行时表示将要发生的动作。 例：She said she was leaving for New York the next month. 要点精讲4：过去进行时用于as, when, while等状语从句，表示另一动作发生的背景。 例1：It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 例2：Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. 要点精讲5：always, forever, continually, constantly频度副词与过去进行时连用表示赞扬，抱怨等感情色彩。 例1：The girl was always changing her mind. 例2：In the past he was constantly asking me for money. 考点十、过去完成时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。句中常用by, by the end of, be the time…引导的时间状语或以before, until, when, than等词引导的内含一般过去时的时间状语从句。概括为：过去的过去。 例1：By 5:00 yesterday morning we had done that work. 例2：I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 要点精讲2：intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。 例1：They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time. 例2：I had intended to call on you, but was prevented from doing so. 要点精讲3：在 It was the first/second/third…time that…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。 例1：This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years. 例2：It was the fourth time she had shopped online for hours. 要点精讲3：在hardly/scarcely … when…和no sooner… than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。 例1：She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang. 例2：No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded. 要点精讲4：过去完成时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与过去事实相反的情况，如I wish…., If only…., I would rather that….及if虚拟条件句等。 例1：I wish that I had seen her yesterday. 例2：I felt as though we had known each other for years. 例3：If only I had known her earlier! 例4：I would rather I hadn't seen that film yesterday. 例5：If it had not rained this morning, I should have gone shopping. 考点十一、过去将来时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：一般过去将来时是由“should/would + 动词原形”构成，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，多用于主从复合句中。 例1：He said they would arrange a party. 例2：He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris. 要点精讲2：用于was/were about to do…when…句型，表示：正要……这时发生另一件事。was/were to do 也可以用于过去将来时。 例：I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain. 要点精讲3：过去将来时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与将来事实相反的情况，如I wish…., If only…., I would rather that….及if虚拟条件句等。 例1：I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight. 例2：If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Cambridge University. 1、 单句语法填空 1.The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 (be) 30 — today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 2.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers (carry) special significance. 3.The artist was sure he would (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 4.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______(make) over the years. 5.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). 6.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ______(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements 7.One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 8. Your older sister ____________(leave) tomorrow morning and you’d better get up early to see her off. 9. No decision ____________(make) until all the members have approved of this plan. 10. Over the years, many things (add) to the story of St Nicholas, changing him to the Father Christmas we know of today. 11. Every man worker and every woman worker (enjoy) free medical care in this company. 12. Not only you and I but also Peter, the top student in our school, (be) not able to solve the problem. 13. The father as well as his three children ____________(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 14. Engineers (set) up over 15,000 sensors(传感器) nationwide and wiring them into a web. 15. The treatment continued and finally the deep, bloody pain ______(be) 100% healed. 16. Either the beautiful sights of this modern city or its local custom (attract) thousands of visitors during the past years. 17. I think the middle school students should (forbid) to use smart phones at school. 18. It __________(estimate) that not less than half a million people died in the famine. 19. People used to believe that dirt __________(generate) disease. 20. The junior clerk was alarmed when he _____(witness) the robbery in his office. 1.【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人年龄的中位数是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。 2.【答案】carries 【解析】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。why引导表语从句，从句中主语为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，由整篇文章语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填carries。 3.【答案】be chosen 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 4.【答案】have made 【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中时间状语over the years可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。 5.【答案】will have/has 【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。 6.【答案】have reported 【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。 7.【答案】improved 【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。 8.【答案】is leaving 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。句意：你的姐姐明天早上就要离开了，你最好起早点去为她送行。此处用现在进行时表按照计划安排好的将要发生的事情。 9.【答案】will be made 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：直到所有的成员都同意这个计划，才能作出决定。根据句意可如，make所表示的动作还未发生，故用一般将来时；decision与make之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。 10.【答案】have been added 【解析】考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：多年来，圣尼古拉斯的故事中增加了许多东西，把他变成了我们今天所知道的圣诞老人。时间状语over the years（这么多年来），指的是一种从几年前持续到现在的一种情况，因此通常与现在完成时连用。主语many things是复数形式，故填have been added。 11.【答案】enjoys 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这家公司里，男女职工都享受免费医疗。every+单数名词+and+every+单数名词，强调的依然是个体，谓语动词用单数。根据句意可知用一般现在时。故填enjoys。 12.【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅你和我，而且我们学校的尖子生皮特都不能解决这个问题。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时；Not only...but also...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词需要和就近的主语保持单复数一致，这里较近的主语是Peter，所以be动词要用单数形式，故填is。 13.【答案】goes 【解析】考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：冬天的每个星期天下午，父亲和他的三个孩子都要在结冰的河上滑冰。as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词应与前边的主语保持人称和数的一致，即句子的主语是the father，应用单数；由every Sunday afternoon in winter可知应用一般现在时态。 14.【答案】are setting 【解析】考查现在进行时态。句意：工程师们正在全国范围内安装超过15000个传感器，并将它们连接到一个网络上。根据后面and并列的动词wiring及句意可知，这里用现在进行时。 15.【答案】was 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：治疗继续进行，最后，疼痛完全治愈了。此处的主语是pain,是抽象名词，时间是过去，与谓语动词heal之间是被动关系，故用be的单数的过去式形式。 16.【答案】has attracted 【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：无论是这座现代化城市的美丽景色还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。由during the past years可知，这句话使用现在完成时。“either...or...”作主语时，谓语动词形式与or后主语保持一致，its local custom是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。 17.【答案】be forbidden 【解析】考查语态。句意：我认为中学生应该被禁止在学校使用智能手机。宾语从句中主语middle school students与forbid之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据情态动词should可知，后接动词原形。故填be forbidden。 18.【答案】is estimated 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据估计，至少有50万人死于那场饥荒。分析句子可知，It为形式主语，that引导主语从句为真正主语，此处estimate与后面的从句构成动宾关系，因此，本句要用被动语态，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，构成It is estimated that...句型。故填is estimated。 19.【答案】generated 【解析】考查动词。句意：人们过去常常相信污垢会产生疾病。that后为从句，generate为从句谓语，与主句时态保持一致，应该用一般过去时。故填generated。 20.【答案】witnessed 【解析】考查时态。句意：那个小职员目睹办公室里发生的抢劫案，吓了一跳。根据主句时态可知，用一般过去时。根据句意，故填witnessed。 二.语篇填空 Moon Day 1 (celebrate) on July 20 every year. Moon Day 2 (mark) the first human landing on the moon that 3 (occur) on July 20, 1969. Ever since 1969, Moon Day 4 (celebrate) in the US to mark one of the greatest achievements in human history. One way to celebrate Moon Day is to make something about the moon, like cutting paper moons. You can also bake cookies and cut them in the shape of the moon. Also consider learning some facts about the moon on this occasion. Exploring the moon on Google Moon 5 (be) a great idea to get familiar with our natural satellite. It is especially important that we celebrate Moon Day with children. In this way, children can learn about what 6 (happen) on July 20, 1969, and 7 (understand) the importance of this event in the future. 【答案】1．is celebrated 2．marks 3．occurred 4．has been celebrated 5．is 6．happened 7．will understand 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了月亮日的相关内容。人们庆祝月亮日的原因是庆祝人类首次登月成功。人们庆祝月亮日的方式有很多。庆祝月亮日有助于让孩子们们了解人类登月的重要性。 1．考查动词时态语态。句意：每年的7月20日是月亮节。根据下文every year可知为一般现在时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故填一般现在时的被动语态is celebrated。 2．考查动词时态。句意：月球日标志着1969年7月20日人类首次登上月球的日子。描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填marks。 3．考查动词时态。根据下文on July 20, 1969可知用一般过去时，故填occurred。 4．考查动词时态。句意：自1969年以来，美国一直庆祝中秋节，以纪念人类历史上最伟大的成就之一。根据上文Ever since 1969可知用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故填has been celebrated。 5．考查主谓一致。句意：在谷歌卫星上探索月球是熟悉我们的自然卫星的好主意。Exploring the moon on Google Moon动名词短语做主语，谓语动词要用单数，且时态为一般现在时，故填is。 6．考查动词时态。句意：通过这种方式，孩子们可以了解1969年7月20日发生了什么，并将了解这一事件的重要性在未来。根据下文on July 20, 1969可知应用一般过去时，故填happened。 7．考查动词时态。根据下文in the future可知应用一般将来时，故填will understand。 【点睛】语法填空题的答题技巧：无提示词一般考查:冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等 有提示词一般考查:谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。 具体策略: (一)、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，或是填写非谓语动词; (二)、给出词语，词性的变化，如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化，名词的复数形式，给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀); (三)、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词; (四)、不给词语填写限定词的时候，很可能是填冠词、人称代词主格宾格形式，物主代词、反身代词的单复数形式。形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词;有的名词前有限定词，比如:序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。 如第四小题，考查动词时态。根据上文Ever since 1969可知用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故填has been celebrated。 一、语法填空 The Dragon Dance is a form of traditional dance in Chinese culture. It 1.　　　　　(spread) all over China and to the whole world so far.  Traditionally， dragons 2.　　　　　(make) of wood. However， in modern times， dragons 3.___ (be) much lighter because they are made of lighter materials like plastics. The length of dragons can be from 25 to 35 meters for acrobatic(杂技的) models， and up to 50 to 70 meters for the larger parade(游行) styles because people believe that the longer the dragon is， the more luck it4.　　　　　 (bring) to the community. A small organization cannot run a very long dragon because it 5.　　　　　(require) great human power， much money and special skills.  The Dragon Dance itself 6.　　　　　(begin) during the Han Dynasty. And it 7.　　　　　(start) by the Chinese who had shown great respect for the dragon. It was already a popular event during the Song Dynasty.  At that time， it 8.　　　　　(become) a popular activity like the Lion Dance. People could often see it during some important festivals. In the Qing Dynasty， the Dragon Dance Team of Fuzhou 9.　　　　　(invite) to put on a show in Beijing. And the emperor 10.　　　　　(speak) highly of it.  1.has spread　考查现在完成时。根据时间状语so far可知，此句应用现在完成时，主语It指Dragon Dance，此处指舞龙已经遍及了中国乃至全世界，故填has spread。 2.were made　考查一般过去时的被动语态。be made of指“由……制成”。根据Traditionally和下文in modern times可知，此处时态为一般过去时，且主语为dragons，故填were made。 3.are　考查一般现在时。根据时间状语in modern times可知，此空用一般现在时，故填are。 4.will bring　考查一般将来时。此句中the longer the dragon is相当于if the dragon is longer的用法，故the more luck it...用一般将来时，此处指人们相信龙越长，它就会带来越多的好运。故填will bring。 5.requires　考查一般现在时。根据语境及cannot run可知，时态为一般现在时，且从句主语是it，故填requires。 6.began　考查一般过去时。根据during the Han Dynasty可知，此处用一般过去时，故填began。 7.was started　考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据by the Chinese who had shown great respect for the dragon可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，故填was started。 8.became　考查一般过去时。根据时间状语At that time可知，此处用一般过去时，故填became。 9.was invited　考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语In the Qing Dynasty可知，此句用一般过去时，福州舞龙队是被邀去北京表演，故填was invited。 10.spoke　考查一般过去时。根据语境可知，此句时态为一般过去时，故填spoke。speak highly of...高度评价……。 二、阅读理解 Jimmy Woodard is a high school student from Manchester, the USA．When Jimmy was very young, his parents realized he had a special talent. While other children were playing with toys, Jimmy would take his toys apart to find out how they worked. But Jimmy’s talent really became obvious when he started using computers. Jimmy was only six when he started using his parents’ computer. That’s not so unusual these days. However, in Jimmy’s case, if he had a problem with the computer, he thought about how to fix it by himself! When Jimmy was in the fifth grade, his technology teacher gave him a computer to work on. Jimmy took the computer apart and put it back together again. Since then. Jimmy has been working with computers in his school, even helping teachers with their technology problems. When he was fourteen, Jimmy decided to open his own technology consulting (咨询) company. Since that time, he’s brought in about 200 usual customers. Jimmy has done more than just work on computers. Since he was eleven or twelve, Jimmy has been helping and working in his community. He’s managed the sound and lights for a local TV show and for their performances. Jimmy has saved a lot of money over the past three years. “I’ve just bought my own car,” he said happily. “I’ve used some of my money to buy more computers or equipment for my company. But I’m trying to save the rest of it for college.” As for his future, Jimmy explained, “I don’t know what I want to do yet. I know I want to do something with computers. But I’m interested in a lot of different things. I’d like to live in a big city someday. I can’t wait to see what happens next.” 1．Which word could be used to describe Jimmy at a very young age? A．Curious. B．Energetic. C．Hard-working. D．Friendly. 2．When did Jimmy decide to set up his own company? A．At six years old. B．At eleven years old. C．In the fifth grade. D．At fourteen years old. 3．Which is the correct order of the events that happened in Jimmy’s life? ①Jimmy rebuilt a computer. ②Jimmy worked for a local TV show .③Jimmy took his toys apart. ④Jimmy started using his parents’ computer. A．①④③② B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．④③②① 4．What will Jimmy use his saved money to do? A．Buy a car. B．Buy more computers. C．Study in college. D．Move to a bigger city. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述天才少年Jimmy Woodard从小展现计算机天赋，创业并规划未来的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“While other children were playing with toys, Jimmy would take his toys apart to find out how they worked. (当其他孩子在玩玩具时，吉米会把他的玩具拆开，看看它们是如何工作的。)”可知，Jimmy很小的时候非常有好奇心。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“When he was fourteen, Jimmy decided to open his own technology consulting (咨询) company. Since that time, he’s brought in about 200 usual customers. (14岁时，Jimmy决定开一家自己的技术咨询公司。从那时起，他带来了大约200名老客户。)”可知，Jimmy14岁的时候决定成立自己的公司。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“While other children were playing with toys, Jimmy would take his toys apart to find out how they worked. (当其他孩子在玩玩具时，Jimmy会把他的玩具拆开，看看它们是如何工作的。)”,“Jimmy was only six when he started using his parents’ computer. (Jimmy六岁时就开始用父母的电脑了。)”，第二段“Jimmy took the computer apart and put it back together again. (Jimmy把电脑拆开又装了起来。)”。第四段“He’s managed the sound and lights for a local TV show and for their performances. (他为当地的一个电视节目和他们的表演管理音响和灯光。)”可知，Jimmy幼年时期拆玩具，用父母电脑，五年级时拆装电脑，11-12岁为电视台工作。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’ve used some of my money to buy more computers or equipment for my company. But I’m trying to save the rest of it for college. (我用我的一些钱为我的公司买了更多的电脑或设备。但我想把剩下的钱留到大学里用。)”可知，Jimmy要存钱上大学。故选C。 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 talent n. 天赋，才能 technology consulting company n. 技术咨询公司 community n. 社区 equipment n. 设备 performance n. 表演，演出 长难句分析 原句：However, in Jimmy’s case, if he had a problem with the computer, he thought about how to fix it by himself! 译文：然而，在吉米的情况下，如果他的电脑有问题，他会自己思考如何修理它！ 分析：本句为主从复合句。“if he had a problem with the computer” 为 if 引导的条件状语从句，“he thought about how to fix it by himself” 为主句，其中 “how to fix it by himself” 为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构作宾语。 中文翻译 吉米・伍达德是美国曼彻斯特的一名高中生。当吉米很小的时候，他的父母就意识到他有特殊的天赋。当其他孩子在玩玩具时，吉米会把他的玩具拆开，看看它们是如何工作的。但当吉米开始使用电脑时，他的天赋才真正显现出来。吉米六岁时就开始用父母的电脑了。这在今天并不罕见。然而，在吉米的情况下，如果他的电脑有问题，他会自己思考如何修理它！ 当吉米上五年级时，他的技术老师给了他一台电脑让他操作。吉米把电脑拆开又装了起来。从那时起，吉米就在学校里和电脑打交道，甚至帮助老师解决技术问题。 14 岁时，吉米决定开一家自己的技术咨询公司。从那时起，他带来了大约 200 名老客户。 吉米所做的不仅仅是和电脑打交道。从十一二岁起，吉米就一直在社区里帮助和工作。他为当地的一个电视节目和他们的表演管理音响和灯光。 在过去的三年里，吉米存了很多钱。“我刚买了自己的车，” 他高兴地说。“我用我的一些钱为我的公司买了更多的电脑或设备。但我想把剩下的钱留到大学里用。” 至于他的未来，吉米解释说：“我还不知道我想做什么。我知道我想做和电脑有关的事情。但我对很多不同的事情都感兴趣。有一天我想住在大城市里。我迫不及待地想看看接下来会发生什么。” 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点05 动词时态（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 学习了一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等的构成和用法，掌握了这些时态的使用范围。 学习一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时等时态的构成和用法，掌握了这些时态的使用范围。 高中阶段应特别注意以下几点: 把握各时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中时态考点聚焦】 考点1.一般现在时 1．The movie Chang’an ________ ancient Chinese poetry to life beautifully. A．brings B．brought C．will bring D．has brought 2．In summer, many people often ________ the mountain areas to relax themselves. A．visited B．are visiting C．have visited D．visit 3．We ______ different plants on the school farm as volunteers every week. Come and join us! A．care for B．will care for C．are caring for D．have cared for 考点2.一般过去时 4．Last weekend, Tom and his friends ________ a picnic in the park and played games together. A．have B．will have C．had D．are having 5．There ________ a lot of cars on the road this morning. The traffic was very busy. A．was B．is C．are D．were 6．—May I speak to Mr Jones? —I’m sorry. He isn’t at home. He ________ fishing twenty minutes ago. A．is going B．goes C．went D．was going 考点3.一般将来时 7．—Rose, what are these potatoes and carrots used for? —I ________ them for our parents for dinner. Come and join me. A．cook B．cooked C．will cook D．have cooked 8．________ a new library built in our community next year. A．There is B．There was C．There will be D．There are 9．—Have you heard Ne Zha will go on till the end of this month! —Really? I can’t wait! I ________ tickets to enjoy the fantastic film. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．have bought 考点4.现在进行时 10．—Our foreign teacher ________ for Australia on Sunday. Shall we go to see him off at the airport? —Good idea! Thanks to him, we have much progress in English. A．is leaving B．left C．has left D．was leaving 11．Some teenagers ________ football over there. Let’s go and join them. A．play B．played C．are playing D．were playing 12．—Sorry, I can’t hear what you say clearly. I ________ a basketball competition outside. —Well, I will call you later. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．will watch 考点5.过去进行时 13．I ________ on the bed at this time yesterday. A．lie B．was lying C．lied D．lay 14．When we arrived at the theme park, a large number of visitors ________ at the gate. A．waited B．have waited C．will wait D．were waiting 15．— How was your volunteer work at the nursing home? — Meaningful! The elderly ________ when we sang red songs with them. A．smile B．smiled C．will smile D．were smiling 16．The Greens ______a few cities since they came to China. A．visited B．have visited C．are visiting D．will visit 考点6.现在完成时 17．We ________ many changes in our hometown since 1980. New parks and shopping malls have sprung up everywhere. A．have seen B．saw C．will see D．are seeing 18．—When did Mary leave her office? —She ________ for about 5 minutes. A．left B．was away C．has been away D．has left 19．I ________ a lot since I started junior high school. A．have changed B．changed C．was changing D．change 20．Tina and Peter ________ next-door neighbours since they came to Beijing. A．were B．are C．have been D．had been 【高中时态考点聚焦】 课标解读 动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点, 考生应熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法, 另外还应特别注意以下几点: 把握各种时态的特点, 注意易混淆时态间的差异; 准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义, 捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息; 要克服汉语式的思维, 排除误导, 培养发散性思维。 考点清单 考点一、一般现在时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常有标志性时间副词always, every day等。在语法填空科技类说明文，以及短文改错介绍客观事实经常用一般现在时。 例1：I leave home for school at 7:00 am every day. 例2：He always takes a walk after supper. 要点精讲2：表示客观事实和普遍真理常用一般现在时。 例1：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 例2：Sound travels faster through water than it does through air. 要点精讲3：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。 例1：I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 例2：Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 要点精讲4：表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。 例1：The train for Nanjing leaves at 6:05 tomorrow morning. 例2：The next plane arrives at 3:15 this afternoon. 考点二、现在进行时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常有now, at present, currently, Look, Listen, at the moment等标志性词汇。 例1：Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 例2：Listen! She is singing an English song. 要点精讲2：现在进行时还可以表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行着的动作，这种动作常与表示一段的时间状语连用，如these days , this week等。 例1：They are planting trees on the hill these days. 例2：I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 要点精讲3：go, come, leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。 例1：Jane and Betty are going on holiday in a few days. 例2：Where are you staying in Guangzhou? 要点精讲4：always, forever, continually, constantly等频度副词与现在进行时连用表示赞扬、抱怨、不满等感情色彩。 例1：He is constantly leaving his things about.（表责怪） 例2：They are forever quarreling about something. (不满) 考点三、现在完成时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。常见标志词：副词型---already, ever, never, recently, lately, yet；短语型---so far, every since, for days, up to now, in the past two years, over the weeks等。概括为：发生在过去，影响在现在。 例1：Since then, he has developed another bad habit. 例2：Up to now, everything has been OK. 例3：There has been no rain here for nearly two months. 要点精讲2：在It/This is the first/second/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。但是主语是过去时，从句要用过去完成时。 例1：It is the first time that I have spoken in public. 要点精讲3：在It/This is the best/worst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时。 例：This is the most interesting novel that he has ever written. 考点四、现在完成进行时典型用法 （高中重点） 要点精讲1：现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。 例1：We have been discussing the matter several times this year. 例2：He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 要点精讲2：现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较 区别 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 区别一 表示动作的重复 一般不表示重复性 区别二 含有感情色彩 一般是平铺直叙 区别三 强调事情的过程 强调事情结果 例1：Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？ 例2：Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗？ 例3：I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满） 例4：I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实） 例5：Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些） 例6：Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩） 考点五、一般将来时五种表达方法 要点精讲1：will/shall do表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，是最常见的一般将来时表达形式。注意will do还可以表示不以人的意志为转移的自然规律；表示临时性决定或打算，还可以用于“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”中。 例1：I shall be free this afternoon. 例2：My sister will be 18 next year. 例3：— George phoned while you were out. — Ok. I will phone him back. 例4：Work hard and you will succeed. 要点精讲2：be going to do也是一般将来时表达方式，表示推测时强调说话有充分依据，尤指天气变化。 例1：Are you going to play basketball after class? 例2：Look at those black clouds. It is going to rain. 要点精讲3：“be about to+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。 例：The English evening is about to start. 要点精讲4：“be to+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。 例1：There is to be a slide show this afternoon. 例2：You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock. 要点精讲5：现在进行时表将来，这一结构常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come, go, leave, start, move, arrive等。 例1：I am leaving for Tibet on Sunday. 例2：When are you going back to your factory? 考点六、一般将来进行时典型用法 要点精讲：将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有by this time tomorrow等等。 例1：By this time tomorrow, I will be lying on the beach. 例2：Don't phone me between 8:00 and 10:00. We will be having classes then. 考点七、将来完成时两种典型用法 （高中重点） 要点精讲1：一般将来完成时（will have done）表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by, by the end of, by the time…等结构连用。 例1：By the end of this month, we will have studied 10 units. 例2：When they move here next month, we will have lived in the city for 5 years. 要点精讲2：过去将来完成时（would have done）表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，多与宾语从句和虚拟语气连用。 例1：I thought Sophia would have told you something. 例2：If we had found him earlier we would have saved his life. 考点八、一般过去时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：一般过去时多表示过去已发生的动作，并有明确的时间状语，如the other day, yesterday, last week, in 1980等。 例1：Tom didn't come to class yesterday. 例2：Oh, John. I never thought I met you here. 要点精讲2：一般过去时表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作，常与often，usually，seldom等频度副词连用。 例：When I was in the countryside, I often called on my old friends there. 要点精讲3：一般过去时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与现在事实相反的情况，如I wish…., If only…., I would rather that…., It is time that…. 及if虚拟条件句等。 例1：I would rather you came tomorrow. 例2：It is high time that we had our lunch. 例3：I wish I were a bird, flying freely in the sky. 例4：If only I knew how to operate an electronic computer as you do. 例5：If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 考点九、过去进行时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常有明确的时间状语暗示，如at 7:00 last night等。 例1：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 例2：She was playing the piano while I was reading the newspaper. 要点精讲2：过去进行时还可以表示过去一段时间内频繁发生或一直进行的动作。 例1：We were talking about you the whole morning. 例2：He was watching TV at home from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon. 要点精讲3：go, come ,leave等瞬间动词的过去进行时表示将要发生的动作。 例：She said she was leaving for New York the next month. 要点精讲4：过去进行时用于as, when, while等状语从句，表示另一动作发生的背景。 例1：It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 例2：Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. 要点精讲5：always, forever, continually, constantly频度副词与过去进行时连用表示赞扬，抱怨等感情色彩。 例1：The girl was always changing her mind. 例2：In the past he was constantly asking me for money. 考点十、过去完成时四种典型用法 要点精讲1：过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。句中常用by, by the end of, be the time…引导的时间状语或以before, until, when, than等词引导的内含一般过去时的时间状语从句。概括为：过去的过去。 例1：By 5:00 yesterday morning we had done that work. 例2：I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 要点精讲2：intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。 例1：They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time. 例2：I had intended to call on you, but was prevented from doing so. 要点精讲3：在 It was the first/second/third…time that…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。 例1：This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years. 例2：It was the fourth time she had shopped online for hours. 要点精讲3：在hardly/scarcely … when…和no sooner… than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。 例1：She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang. 例2：No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded. 要点精讲4：过去完成时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与过去事实相反的情况，如I wish…., If only…., I would rather that….及if虚拟条件句等。 例1：I wish that I had seen her yesterday. 例2：I felt as though we had known each other for years. 例3：If only I had known her earlier! 例4：I would rather I hadn't seen that film yesterday. 例5：If it had not rained this morning, I should have gone shopping. 考点十一、过去将来时三种典型用法 要点精讲1：一般过去将来时是由“should/would + 动词原形”构成，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，多用于主从复合句中。 例1：He said they would arrange a party. 例2：He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris. 要点精讲2：用于was/were about to do…when…句型，表示：正要……这时发生另一件事。was/were to do 也可以用于过去将来时。 例：I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain. 要点精讲3：过去将来时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与将来事实相反的情况，如I wish…., If only…., I would rather that….及if虚拟条件句等。 例1：I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight. 例2：If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Cambridge University. 1、 单句语法填空 1.The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 (be) 30 — today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 2.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers (carry) special significance. 3.The artist was sure he would (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 4.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______(make) over the years. 5.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). 6.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ______(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements 7.One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 8. Your older sister ____________(leave) tomorrow morning and you’d better get up early to see her off. 9. No decision ____________(make) until all the members have approved of this plan. 10. Over the years, many things (add) to the story of St Nicholas, changing him to the Father Christmas we know of today. 11. Every man worker and every woman worker (enjoy) free medical care in this company. 12. Not only you and I but also Peter, the top student in our school, (be) not able to solve the problem. 13. The father as well as his three children ____________(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 14. Engineers (set) up over 15,000 sensors(传感器) nationwide and wiring them into a web. 15. The treatment continued and finally the deep, bloody pain ______(be) 100% healed. 16. Either the beautiful sights of this modern city or its local custom (attract) thousands of visitors during the past years. 17. I think the middle school students should (forbid) to use smart phones at school. 18. It __________(estimate) that not less than half a million people died in the famine. 19. People used to believe that dirt __________(generate) disease. 20. The junior clerk was alarmed when he _____(witness) the robbery in his office. 二.语篇填空 Moon Day 1 (celebrate) on July 20 every year. Moon Day 2 (mark) the first human landing on the moon that 3 (occur) on July 20, 1969. Ever since 1969, Moon Day 4 (celebrate) in the US to mark one of the greatest achievements in human history. One way to celebrate Moon Day is to make something about the moon, like cutting paper moons. You can also bake cookies and cut them in the shape of the moon. Also consider learning some facts about the moon on this occasion. Exploring the moon on Google Moon 5 (be) a great idea to get familiar with our natural satellite. It is especially important that we celebrate Moon Day with children. In this way, children can learn about what 6 (happen) on July 20, 1969, and 7 (understand) the importance of this event in the future. 一、语法填空 The Dragon Dance is a form of traditional dance in Chinese culture. It 1.　　　　　(spread) all over China and to the whole world so far.  Traditionally， dragons 2.　　　　　(make) of wood. However， in modern times， dragons 3.___ (be) much lighter because they are made of lighter materials like plastics. The length of dragons can be from 25 to 35 meters for acrobatic(杂技的) models， and up to 50 to 70 meters for the larger parade(游行) styles because people believe that the longer the dragon is， the more luck it4.　　　　　 (bring) to the community. A small organization cannot run a very long dragon because it 5.　　　　　(require) great human power， much money and special skills.  The Dragon Dance itself 6.　　　　　(begin) during the Han Dynasty. And it 7.　　　　　(start) by the Chinese who had shown great respect for the dragon. It was already a popular event during the Song Dynasty.  At that time， it 8.　　　　　(become) a popular activity like the Lion Dance. People could often see it during some important festivals. In the Qing Dynasty， the Dragon Dance Team of Fuzhou 9.　　　　　(invite) to put on a show in Beijing. And the emperor 10.　　　　　(speak) highly of it.  二、阅读理解 Jimmy Woodard is a high school student from Manchester, the USA．When Jimmy was very young, his parents realized he had a special talent. While other children were playing with toys, Jimmy would take his toys apart to find out how they worked. But Jimmy’s talent really became obvious when he started using computers. Jimmy was only six when he started using his parents’ computer. That’s not so unusual these days. However, in Jimmy’s case, if he had a problem with the computer, he thought about how to fix it by himself! When Jimmy was in the fifth grade, his technology teacher gave him a computer to work on. Jimmy took the computer apart and put it back together again. Since then. Jimmy has been working with computers in his school, even helping teachers with their technology problems. When he was fourteen, Jimmy decided to open his own technology consulting (咨询) company. Since that time, he’s brought in about 200 usual customers. Jimmy has done more than just work on computers. Since he was eleven or twelve, Jimmy has been helping and working in his community. He’s managed the sound and lights for a local TV show and for their performances. Jimmy has saved a lot of money over the past three years. “I’ve just bought my own car,” he said happily. “I’ve used some of my money to buy more computers or equipment for my company. But I’m trying to save the rest of it for college.” As for his future, Jimmy explained, “I don’t know what I want to do yet. I know I want to do something with computers. But I’m interested in a lot of different things. I’d like to live in a big city someday. I can’t wait to see what happens next.” 1．Which word could be used to describe Jimmy at a very young age? A．Curious. B．Energetic. C．Hard-working. D．Friendly. 2．When did Jimmy decide to set up his own company? A．At six years old. B．At eleven years old. C．In the fifth grade. D．At fourteen years old. 3．Which is the correct order of the events that happened in Jimmy’s life? ①Jimmy rebuilt a computer. ②Jimmy worked for a local TV show .③Jimmy took his toys apart. ④Jimmy started using his parents’ computer. A．①④③② B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．④③②① 4．What will Jimmy use his saved money to do? A．Buy a car. B．Buy more computers. C．Study in college. D．Move to a bigger city. 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 talent n. 天赋，才能 technology consulting company n. 技术咨询公司 community n. 社区 equipment n. 设备 performance n. 表演，演出 长难句分析 原句：However, in Jimmy’s case, if he had a problem with the computer, he thought about how to fix it by himself! 译文：然而，在吉米的情况下，如果他的电脑有问题，他会自己思考如何修理它！ 分析：本句为主从复合句。“if he had a problem with the computer” 为 if 引导的条件状语从句，“he thought about how to fix it by himself” 为主句，其中 “how to fix it by himself” 为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构作宾语。 中文翻译 吉米・伍达德是美国曼彻斯特的一名高中生。当吉米很小的时候，他的父母就意识到他有特殊的天赋。当其他孩子在玩玩具时，吉米会把他的玩具拆开，看看它们是如何工作的。但当吉米开始使用电脑时，他的天赋才真正显现出来。吉米六岁时就开始用父母的电脑了。这在今天并不罕见。然而，在吉米的情况下，如果他的电脑有问题，他会自己思考如何修理它！ 当吉米上五年级时，他的技术老师给了他一台电脑让他操作。吉米把电脑拆开又装了起来。从那时起，吉米就在学校里和电脑打交道，甚至帮助老师解决技术问题。 14 岁时，吉米决定开一家自己的技术咨询公司。从那时起，他带来了大约 200 名老客户。 吉米所做的不仅仅是和电脑打交道。从十一二岁起，吉米就一直在社区里帮助和工作。他为当地的一个电视节目和他们的表演管理音响和灯光。 在过去的三年里，吉米存了很多钱。“我刚买了自己的车，” 他高兴地说。“我用我的一些钱为我的公司买了更多的电脑或设备。但我想把剩下的钱留到大学里用。” 至于他的未来，吉米解释说：“我还不知道我想做什么。我知道我想做和电脑有关的事情。但我对很多不同的事情都感兴趣。有一天我想住在大城市里。我迫不及待地想看看接下来会发生什么。” 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$