衔接点03 形容词、副词（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点03 形容词、副词（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 学习了形容词作定语、表语时的用法，副词修饰形容词或作状语的用法。同时掌握了它们的比较级和最高级的构成，知道了如何在具体语境中应用。 高中阶段不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识, 还要掌握形容词和副词之间相互转换的规则, 以及同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中形容词、副词考点聚焦】 考点一　形容词和副词的基本用法 1．—Andy, is there ________ in today’s newspaper?   —Yes, I can lend mine to you. A．something interesting B．anything interesting C．interesting something D．interesting anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Andy，今天的报纸上有有趣的东西吗？——有，我可以把我的借给你。 考查不定代词和形容词。something某事，常用于肯定句；anything任何事，常用于否定句或疑问句；interesting有趣的。根据“is there…in today’s newspaper?”可知，这是一般疑问句，因此用anything，排除选项AC；形容词修饰不定代词应放在后面，故选B。 2．Dalian is more beautiful than ________ in China. A．any city B．all the cities C．any other city D．some other cities 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大连比中国任何其他的城市更美丽。 考查形容词比较级句型。any city任何城市；all the cities所有的城市；any other city任何其他的城市；some other cities一些其他的城市。因为大连也是中国的一个城市，所以本句是大连与中国范围内的城市作比较；根据句中的“than”可知，本句考查比较级句型：比较级+than+any other+名词单数，表示“比其他任何的……更……”。故选C。 3．Joan’s report is very excellent. It is ________ of her to pay attention to every detail. A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．carelessly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琼的报告非常出色。她很细心，注意每一个细节。 考查形容词副词辨析。careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；careless粗心的，形容词；carelessly 粗心地，副词。根据“It is ... of her to pay attention to every detail.”可知，考查It is+adj.+of sb. to do sth.“某人做某事是……的”；再根据“Joan’s report is very excellent.”可知，此处用形容词careful“仔细的”符合题意，故选A。 考点二　形容词和副词的词义辨析 1．As an old saying goes, he who has ________ been to the Great Wall is not a true man. A．never B．seldom C．often D．always 【答案】A 【详解】句意：俗话说，不到长城非好汉。 考查副词辨析。never从未；seldom很少；often经常；always总是。根据“he who has ... been to the Great Wall is not a true man.”可知是指不到长城非好汉，never符合语境，故选A。 2．Three astronauts from Shenzhou 18 ________ entered the Tiangong space station on April 26. A．kindly B．widely C．clearly D．successfully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：4月26日，神舟十八号的三名航天员成功进入天宫空间站。 考查副词辨析。kindly友好地；widely广泛地；clearly清晰地；successfully成功地。分析“Three astronauts from Shenzhou 18...entered the Tiangong space station on April 26.”可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词entered，successfully“成功地”符合语境，此处指成功进入天宫空间站。故选D。 3．—Who do you admire most, Michael? —I admire those who are ________ to face any challenge far beyond their abilities. A．too brave B．too proud C．brave enough D．proud enough 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——迈克尔，你最崇拜谁？——我钦佩那些有足够勇气面对任何远远超出自己能力的挑战的人。 考查形容词和副词的辨析。brave勇敢的；proud自豪的；enough很，充分地；too太。根据“who are…to face any challenge far beyond their abilities.”可知，此处应该表达我钦佩那些有足够勇气面对任何远远超出自己能力的挑战的人，结合enough修饰形容词是要放在形容词之后，brave“勇敢的”形容词，作表语。故选C。 考点三　形容词和副词的比较等级 1．—Can the monitor help us with the problem, Alex? —Yes, his promise is ________ gold. Trust him! A．as good as B．as long as C．as well as D．as much as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——班长能帮我们解决这个问题吗，Alex？——是的，他的承诺非常可靠。相信他！ 考查as...as结构。as good as几乎，实际上；as long as只要；as well as也；as much as差不多。根据下文“Trust him!”可知此处指的是他的承诺非常可靠，几乎和金子一样，as good as符合，故选A。 2．—Have you ever read the book A Christmas Carol ? —Of course. It’s great! It’s one of ________ Christmas stories that I have ever read. A．the better B．the worse C．the worst D．the best 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你读过《圣诞颂歌》这本书吗？——当然。它很棒！它是我读过的最好的圣诞节故事之一。 考查最高级用法和形容词辨析。better更好；worse更糟；worst最糟；best最好。“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定用法，表示“……中最……之一”，故排除选项A和B；再根据“It’s great!”可知，作者很喜欢这本书，故空处指“最好的”，故选D。 3．The Confucius Temple is ________ place of interest in Nanjing. A．the most popular B．more popular C．popular D．less popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意：夫子庙是南京最受欢迎的景点。 考查形容词最高级。根据“in Nanjing”可知，空处应用形容词最高级，popular的最高级为most popular，且形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选A。 考点四　形容词和副词的构词法 1.Check the answer on the Internet if you are 　　　(不确定) about it.  答案　unsure/uncertain　考查形容词构词法。注意这里需要用形容词。 2.My parents and I had a 　　　　　journey to Hainan.(wonder)  答案　wonderful　考查形容词构词法。设空处后面是名词，应该用形容词修饰，wonder的形容词形式为wonderful，故填wonderful。 3.Some people think 　　　　　(high) of the film Hi， Mom.  答案　highly　考查副词构词法。think highly of指“高度赞扬，高度评价”。故填highly。 【高中形容词、副词考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中形容词、副词重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法, 以及形容词和副词之间的转换。考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识, 还要掌握形容词和副词之间相互转换的规则, 以及同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。 考点清单 考点一 形容词和副词的句法功能 1．形容词用法：修饰名词作定语；跟在系动词后作表语；跟在宾语后作宾补；还可用作状语。 Having been praised by the teacher，the little girl ran back home，happy and satisfied．被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩跑回了家，既开心又满足。 2．副词用法：修饰动词；修饰形容词或副词；单独作状语。 I firmly believed that you will finish your run if you bravely face this challenge. 我坚信，只要你勇敢地面对这个挑战，你一定能跑完全程。 【名师指津】　有些副词如fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally 等作评注性状语时往往修饰整个句子，对整个句子进行说明或解释，表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。 Unfortunately, as our economy advances, recent years have seen the oceans being polluted. 不幸的是，随着我们经济的发展，近年来海洋受到了污染。 考点二 形容词和副词的构词规律 类别 例词 词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy 词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited 词尾加-ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening 词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless 词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable 词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous 词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different 词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional 词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen 其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific [以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等)] 动词词尾加-ive/-ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective [提示]　如何区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词 解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing)，还是“感到……”(-ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)，还是感受(-ed)。具体如下： (1)-ing型形容词主要用于修饰物或事，表示事物的性质特征，常译为“令人……的”。 (2)-ed型形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile(微笑), feeling(感觉), appearance(外貌), cry(哭), face(面部表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪), look(表情)等表示人的情绪状况的名词。 2. 形容词转化为副词的规律 【名师指津】　(1)词尾为-ble/-le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (2)词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly (高中阶段仅此一例) (3)下列单词以-ly结尾， 但却是形容词而非副词：lively, lonely, lovely, deadly, friendly, ugly, silly, timely等。 考点三 形容词和副词的比较等级 一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的词形变化 1．规则变化 词形分类及变化方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加-er或-est tall taller tallest 以e结尾的，直接加-r或-st nice nicer nicest 以一个重读闭音节结尾的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatter fattest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-est happy happier happiest easy easier easiest 其他双音节词/多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult more difficult most difficult 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad (badly)/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1．同级比较：“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”，其否定形式是“not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。 He worked as well as a qualified technician.他干得跟合格的技术员一样好。 2．比较级常见的结构 (1)“形容词/副词的比较级＋than”；“more/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than”。常见的修饰比较级的词有any, much, even, far, by far, a lot, a great deal等。 The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read.这本书比我读过的书有趣得多。 (2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more and more/less and less＋原级”表示“越来越……”。 Holiday flight tickets are getting less and less expensive．假期的机票越来越便宜了。 (3)“the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语， the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语”，表示“越……就越……”。 The more people are involved, the better the ocean environment is. 参与的人越多，海洋环境就越好。 (4)“the＋比较级＋of (the)＋名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。 Of the two cameras, I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry. 这两个照相机中，我喜欢较小的那个，它很容易携带。 3．最高级结构：“the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/of/among短语)”；“one of the＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数”。常用来修饰最高级的词有by far, almost以及序数词等。 My parents wanted me to have the best possible education.我父母想让我接受最好的教育。 4．比较级表达最高级含义 (1)“否定词＋比较级”或“否定词＋such/so...as”结构表示最高级含义。 Your story is perfect; I've never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了；我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。 (2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义： ①比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词 ②比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词 ③比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China. 长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。/长江是中国最长的河。 三、倍数表达法 常见的倍数表达法句型主要有： (1)A＋is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B (2)A＋is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B (3)A＋is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B (4)the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋A＋is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B (5)A＋is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句 Smoking is harmful to people's health, killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents. 吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的人多7倍。 一、语法填空 1．Whenever you see David, he is always (energy) and wears a big smile on his face. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：无论你什么时候看到大卫，他总是精力充沛，脸上带着灿烂的笑容。句中用形容词作表语。energy的形容词形式为energetic，表示“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。 2．It is truly (type) of him to be 10 minutes earlier before every appointment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】typical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他每次约会都提前 10 分钟，这真是他的典型作风。此处为形容词作表语，type 的形容词形式是typical，表示“典型的；特有的”符合句意。故填typical。 3．The proposal David came up with was quite creative and (origin). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】original 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大卫提出的建议很有创意，很有独创性。句中用形容词作表语。origin的形容词形式为original，表示“有独创性的”。故填original。 4．Be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your (confirm) interview time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】confirmed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：做个早到的人，至少在你确认好的面试时间前半小时到达。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词短语interview time，confirmed作定语，意为“确认的”符合句意。故填confirmed。 5．Under such conditions, the highly (destroy) effects of bacteria are diminished (减弱). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】destructive 【详解】考查形容词。 句意：在这样的条件下，细菌的高度破坏性作用会减弱。此处需要形容词来修饰名词effects，表示“破坏性的”作用。给定的词是动词destroy，其形容词形式是destructive“破坏性的”。故填destructive。 6．If the sensor is (fault) , this temperature will usually be quite high. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】faulty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果传感器有故障，这个温度通常会很高。该空需要一个形容词作表语，所给词fault是一个名词，其形容词faulty意为“有故障的；有错的”符合题意。故填faulty。 7．It may prove to be (benefit) to developing creativity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beneficial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这可能被证明对发展创造力是有益的。空处作表语，需用形容词，benefit的形容词为beneficial“有益的”。故填beneficial。 8．Tom’s performance in the talent show was really (impress). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impressive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆在才艺表演中的表现真的令人印象深刻。空格处需用形容词作表语，描述主语“Tom’s performance”的特征，动词impress的形容词impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”符合句意。故填impressive。 9．The scenery here is so (fascinate) that it is totally beyond description. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fascinating 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这里的风景如此迷人，简直无法形容。空处在句子中作表语，应用形容词形式，描述主语scenery的特征。fascinate，动词，意为“使着迷，吸引”，其形容词形式为fascinating，意为“迷人的，吸引人的”。故填fascinating。 10．He decided to continue his (far) education in the USA．(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】further 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他决定在美国继续深造。空格处需填入far的适当形式修饰名词education。此处表达“继续深造”的抽象意义，应使用比较级further，表示“进一步的”，而非表距离的farther。故填further。 11．I’m writing to explain to you why I was (absence) from your lecture last time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】absent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我写信是想向你解释一下我上次为什么没来听你的讲座。此处作表语，应用形容词absent“缺席的”，be absent from“缺席：不在场，不出席某个活动或场合”，为固定搭配。故填absent。 12．For the same reason we all have similar (emotion) expressions like smiling and crying. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】emotional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：出于同样的原因，我们都有类似的情感表达，比如微笑和哭泣。名词expressions前用形容词修饰。emotion的形容词形式为emotional，表示“情感的”。故填emotional。 13．Scientists have tried to understand the (complexity) structure of human brain or many years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】complex 【详解】考查形容词。句意：多年来，科学家们一直试图了解人类大脑的复杂结构。由空后structure为名词可知，此处为形容词complex“复杂的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填complex。 14．The journey to the very deepest point on the earth makes us realize how much of the world still remains (explore). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be explored/unexplored 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到达地球最深处的旅程使我们意识到世界上还有多少地方有待探索/未探索。此处表示将来的动作，且explore与how much of the world构成被动关系，故用to be done形式；或表示“未探索的”用形容词unexplored，作表语。故填to be explored/ unexplored。 15．The animation film Ne Zha is considerably (influence) in inspiring a new generation of filmmakers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】influential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：动画电影《哪吒》在激励新一代电影制作人方面具有相当大的影响力。形容词influential (有影响力的)作表语。故填influential。 16． (fortune), I wore the seat belt, otherwise I would have been injured! (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Fortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意：幸好我系了安全带，否则我就受伤了！提示词修饰后面整个句子，用副词fortunately作状语，意为“幸运地”，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Fortunately。 17．In the summer here in Nanjing, the weather gets (unbearable) hot by the afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unbearably 【详解】考查副词。句意：在南京的夏天，到了下午天气变得热得让人难以忍受。unbearable为形容词，意为“难以忍受的”，此处需用其副词形式unbearably修饰形容词hot，表示程度。故填unbearably。      18．We’ve all (sure) had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don’t like. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】surely 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们肯定都有过这样的经历：有人给我们做了一顿我们不喜欢的饭。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面动词had。故填surely。 19．When a species goes extinct, it (dramatic) changes the landscape of biodiversity. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】dramatically 【详解】考查副词。句意：当一个物种灭绝时，它会极大地改变生物多样性的景观。副词dramatically作状语修饰动词changes。故填dramatically。 20．Some hunters hunt endangered species (legal), which leads to severe results. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】illegally 【详解】考查副词。句意：一些猎人非法捕猎濒危物种，导致了严重的后果。副词illegally作状语，修饰动词。故填illegally。 21．It’s our duty to leave a better, cleaner, and (healthy) planet to our children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】healthier 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：把我们的地球变得更好、更干净、更健康是我们的责任。根据上文better, cleaner, and可知，此处应用healthy的比较级形式作并列定语。故填healthier。 22．You know, going outside during a hurricane is even (dangerous). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more dangerous 【详解】考查形容词比较级。 句意：你知道的，在飓风期间外出甚至更危险。 句中even提示此处需用比较级形式，表示程度加深。形容词dangerous的比较级为more dangerous。 故填more dangerous。 23．It’s generally acknowledged that he is one of the most (power) men in the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】powerful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们普遍认为他是这个国家最有权势的人之一。根据空前the most可知，空处应填形容词的原级，与the most一起构成最高级，power为名词，其形容词为powerful，意为“强有力的；有权势的”，修饰后面的名词men，作定语。故填powerful。 24．While staying in Beijing, he made the (good) of his spare time to know more of Chinese literature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】best 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在北京期间，他充分利用业余时间，更多地了解中国文学。此空位于the之后，提示词为形容词good，所以此处为最高级形式，固定短语make the best of意为“充分利用”符合句意。故填best。 25．Among all the shining points, the (striking) feature of the landscape is the huge mountain in the distance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】most striking 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有亮点中，这片风景最显著的特征是远处那座巍峨的群山。空格前有定冠词the，后有名词feature，Among all the shining points意为“在所有亮点中”，明确提示比较范围，需填入形容词的最高级形式作定语，构成“the + 形容词最高级 + 名词”结构。原词striking为多音节形容词，其最高级形式为most striking。故填most striking。 26．I can’t agree (much) with you on that point. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more 【详解】考查比较级。句意：在那一点上我不能更同意你的看法。固定结构: couldn’t/can’t+动词+比较级，用于表达“最高级”的含义。故填more。 27．The (high) one climbs, the less oxygen there is in the air. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】higher 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：爬得越高，空气中的氧气就越少。分析句子可知，这里考查“The+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，修饰动词climb，用副词比较级higher。故填higher。 28．The (generous) people spend money, the more likely they are to face money problems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more generously 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：人们花钱越大方，他们越有可能面临金钱问题。“the + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”，表示“越……越……”。本空修饰动词spend，用副词形式，所给词generous是形容词，其副词形式为generously“慷慨地”，比较级为more generously。故填more generously。 29．The more you practice, the (good) you can understand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】better 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：你练习得越多，就能理解得越好。根据句意和句中的the more，the…可知，该题是考查固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级“越……，越……”，用good的比较级better“更好地”。故填better。 30．Alan is a careful driver, but he drives (careful) of my friends. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】the least carefully 【详解】考查副词的最高级。句意：Alan开车很小心，但他是我朋友中开车最不小心的。由空前的but和of my friends可知，前后分句之间为转折关系，故此处表示“他是我朋友中开车最不小心的”。空处修饰动词drives应用副词，此处用副词的最高级the least carefully。所以填the least carefully。 二．专项语篇型填空(形容词和副词) It’s 　1　(obvious)right to say that living in the city is　2　(interest), but the city is　3　(dangerous) than the country. There are often many bad things that happen in the city, such as robberies.　4　(addition), the city is very noisy. Life in the country is　5　 (health) in many ways. I always want to escape city life to have a good rest and enjoy the　6　 (beauty) scenery in the country.  　7　, some people think country life is so slow and boring! Life is sometimes not 　8　(convenience). As for me, I like the city for its 　9　(color) and good life, and want the country life for its quiet. When I’m married and have children, I’ll move to the country while working in the city. I’m not so sure, 　10　.  文章说明了城市生活和乡村生活的差异。 1.obviously　所给提示词是形容词,这里要用其副词形式作状语。 2.interesting　这里要用形容词interesting"有趣的"作表语,此处表示"住在城里很有趣"。 3.more dangerous　由空后的"than"可知,本空应用形容词的比较级,故填more dangerous。 4.Additionally　上文叙述的是城市生活不好的方面,此处是对上文内容的补充,故要填副词Additionally。additionally"此外"。 5.healthy　所给提示词是名词,这里应用形容词healthy作表语,意为"健康的"。 6.beautiful　本空给出的提示词是名词beauty,这里应用形容词beautiful作定语修饰名词scenery。 7.However　句意:然而一些人认为农村生活节奏很慢而且很无趣!根据语境可知,此处表示转折,且本空后有逗号分隔,故用However表示"不过,然而"。 8.convenient　提示词是名词convenience,这里要用形容词convenient作表语,表示"方便的"。 9.colorful　此处表示城市丰富多彩的生活,故应用所给词的形容词形式colorful作定语修饰名词life,表示"丰富多彩的"。 10.though　由语境可知此处表示"不过,可是",设空处在句尾且空前有逗号隔开,故应用副词though。 一．语篇填空(形容词、副词专练) DUJIANGYAN 1 (Original) constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a   2 (remark) example of ancient engineering skill and is still in use today. During the Warring States Period, people who lived along the banks of the Min River were troubled by 3  (anniversary) flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem 4  (thorough). He led a team to construct a levee (防洪堤) to redirect a portion of the river’s flow. Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water. After the system was finished, no floods occurred any 5 (long). What’s more, it made Sichuan one of the most productive 6  (agriculture) regions in China because the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation. If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an  7 (usual) construction that resembles a fish’s mouth. This 8 (fame) attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts,  9 (name), Feishayan and Baopingkou, was 10 (scientific) designed to control the water flow throughout the year. Recognised as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years. 1. Originally 2. remarkable 3. annual 4. thoroughly 5. longer 6. agricultural 7. unusual 8. famous 9. namely 10. scientifically 1.考查副词。提示词是形容词，此空用来修饰过去分词constructed，应用副词形式做状语。注意，这里用在句首，第一个字母要大写。故填Originally。 2.考查形容词。此空前有不定冠词，后有名词，应该用形容词形式。故填remarkable。 3.考查形容词。此空后有名词，应该用形容词形式。Anniversary变为形容词时，词形有很大变化，应用annual。故填annual。 4. 考查副词。提示词是形容词，此空用在句末，应用副词形式做状语，修饰整个句子。故填thoroughly。 5. 考查副词比较级。no longer / not any longer是一个固定搭配，意为“不再......”。故填longer。 6. 考查形容词。此空后有名词regions，应该用形容词形式。故填agricultural。 7. 考查形容词。句意：如果你到访都江堰，你会看到一个不同寻常的建筑，类似于鱼的嘴。根据句子意思，这里应用它的反义词。故填unusual。 8.考查形容词。句意：这个著名的景点，鱼嘴，连同另外两个重要的部分，即飞沙岩和保平口，被科学地设计来控制全年的水流。此空修饰名词，应该用形容词形式。故填famous。 9.考查副词。namely在句子中经常用做插入语，意为“也就是说，即”，相当于that is to say。故填namely。 10. 考查副词。提示词是形容词，此空用来修饰过去分词designed，应用副词形式做状语。故填scientifically。 二、阅读理解 English Teacher in Rural (乡村的) Schools Come to work with us and experience the rural Ghanaian way of life! We are looking for those who’d like to help out in schools to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language. Volunteers will be placed in primary or junior high schools which are located together. Typical day     7:30 am - Volunteer transport leaves the volunteer house to project sites     8:00 am - School starts     12:30 pm - 13:00 pm - Lunch break     15:00 pm - School closes     15:30 pm - Return to volunteer house Please note this is an example of a schedule. Schedules change in different schools. Free - time activities     Swimming     Visiting museums     Shopping in malls or going to the cinema (showing latest films)     Wandering at beautiful beaches Requirements     Age: 18 years and above     Language Skills: English (fluently)     Nationality: No limits     Time Commitment: Monday - Friday from 8:00 - 15:00 Program Salary     4 weeks: €265     12 weeks: €795     50 weeks: €2,689 1．What is a volunteer’s usual duty? A．Doing research on rural Ghanaian life. B．Helping to build primary schools in Ghana. C．Teaching English in local Ghanaian schools. D．Working together with local Ghanaian farmers. 2．What is required of the volunteers? A．Fluent English. B．Ghanaian nationality. C．An 8-hour workday. D．An age limit of 19 years. 3．How much will a volunteer working for six months get from the program? A．€265. B．€795. C．€1,590. D．€2,689. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在加纳农村学校担任英语教师的志愿者工作，包括志愿者的日常职责、空闲时间活动、要求、住宿条件以及项目薪酬等信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Come to work with us and experience the rural Ghanaian way of life! We are looking for those who’d like to help out in schools to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language.(快来和我们一起工作，体验加纳农村的生活方式！我们正在寻找那些愿意在学校帮助教学和理解英语的人)”可知，志愿者的通常职责是在加纳当地的学校教英语。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Requirements部分中“Language Skills: English (fluently)(语言技能：英语（流利）)”可知，志愿者需要英语流利。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据Program Salary部分中“4 weeks: €265 (4周：265欧元)”可知，志愿者工作四周（一个月）可得到265欧元的报酬。由此可知，一名志愿者工作六个月后可得到(265×6=)1530欧元的报酬。故选C项。 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 rural adj. 乡村的，农村的 volunteer n. 志愿者 typical day n. 典型的一天 time commitment n. 时间投入 program salary n. 项目薪酬 长难句分析 原句：We are looking for those who’d like to help out in schools to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language. 译文：我们正在寻找那些愿意在学校帮忙，协助英语教学和理解的人。 分析：本句为主从复合句。主句为 “We are looking for those”，“who’d like to help out in schools to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language” 为 who 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 those，在从句中 “to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language” 为不定式短语作目的状语。 中文翻译 乡村学校的英语教师 来和我们一起工作，体验加纳乡村的生活方式！我们正在寻找那些愿意在学校帮忙，协助英语教学和理解的人。志愿者将被安置在位于一起的小学或初中。 典型的一天 早上 7:30 - 志愿者交通工具离开志愿者之家前往项目地点 早上 8:00 - 学校开始上课 下午 12:30 - 13:00 - 午休 下午 15:00 - 学校放学 下午 15:30 - 返回志愿者之家 请注意，这是一个日程安排的示例。不同学校的日程安排会有所不同。 空闲时间活动 游泳 参观博物馆 在商场购物或去电影院（放映最新电影） 在美丽的海滩漫步 要求 年龄：18 岁及以上 语言技能：英语（流利） 国籍：不限 时间投入：周一至周五 8:00 - 15:00 项目薪酬 4 周：265 欧元 12 周：795 欧元 50 周：2,689 欧元 17 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点03 形容词、副词（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 学习了形容词作定语、表语时的用法，副词修饰形容词或作状语的用法。同时掌握了它们的比较级和最高级的构成，知道了如何在具体语境中应用。 高中阶段不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识, 还要掌握形容词和副词之间相互转换的规则, 以及同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中形容词、副词考点聚焦】 考点一　形容词和副词的基本用法 1．—Andy, is there ________ in today’s newspaper?   —Yes, I can lend mine to you. A．something interesting B．anything interesting C．interesting something D．interesting anything 2．Dalian is more beautiful than ________ in China. A．any city B．all the cities C．any other city D．some other cities 3．Joan’s report is very excellent. It is ________ of her to pay attention to every detail. A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．carelessly 考点二　形容词和副词的词义辨析 1．As an old saying goes, he who has ________ been to the Great Wall is not a true man. A．never B．seldom C．often D．always 2．Three astronauts from Shenzhou 18 ________ entered the Tiangong space station on April 26. A．kindly B．widely C．clearly D．successfully 3．—Who do you admire most, Michael? —I admire those who are ________ to face any challenge far beyond their abilities. A．too brave B．too proud C．brave enough D．proud enough 考点三　形容词和副词的比较等级 1．—Can the monitor help us with the problem, Alex? —Yes, his promise is ________ gold. Trust him! A．as good as B．as long as C．as well as D．as much as 2．—Have you ever read the book A Christmas Carol ? —Of course. It’s great! It’s one of ________ Christmas stories that I have ever read. A．the better B．the worse C．the worst D．the best 3．The Confucius Temple is ________ place of interest in Nanjing. A．the most popular B．more popular C．popular D．less popular 考点四　形容词和副词的构词法 1.Check the answer on the Internet if you are 　　　(不确定) about it.  2.My parents and I had a 　　　　　journey to Hainan.(wonder)  3.Some people think 　　　　　(high) of the film Hi， Mom.  【高中形容词、副词考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中形容词、副词重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法, 以及形容词和副词之间的转换。考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识, 还要掌握形容词和副词之间相互转换的规则, 以及同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。 考点清单 考点一 形容词和副词的句法功能 1．形容词用法：修饰名词作定语；跟在系动词后作表语；跟在宾语后作宾补；还可用作状语。 Having been praised by the teacher，the little girl ran back home，happy and satisfied．被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩跑回了家，既开心又满足。 2．副词用法：修饰动词；修饰形容词或副词；单独作状语。 I firmly believed that you will finish your run if you bravely face this challenge. 我坚信，只要你勇敢地面对这个挑战，你一定能跑完全程。 【名师指津】　有些副词如fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally 等作评注性状语时往往修饰整个句子，对整个句子进行说明或解释，表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。 Unfortunately, as our economy advances, recent years have seen the oceans being polluted. 不幸的是，随着我们经济的发展，近年来海洋受到了污染。 考点二 形容词和副词的构词规律 类别 例词 词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy 词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited 词尾加-ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening 词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless 词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable 词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous 词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different 词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional 词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen 其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific [以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等)] 动词词尾加-ive/-ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective [提示]　如何区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词 解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing)，还是“感到……”(-ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)，还是感受(-ed)。具体如下： (1)-ing型形容词主要用于修饰物或事，表示事物的性质特征，常译为“令人……的”。 (2)-ed型形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile(微笑), feeling(感觉), appearance(外貌), cry(哭), face(面部表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪), look(表情)等表示人的情绪状况的名词。 2. 形容词转化为副词的规律 【名师指津】　(1)词尾为-ble/-le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (2)词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly (高中阶段仅此一例) (3)下列单词以-ly结尾， 但却是形容词而非副词：lively, lonely, lovely, deadly, friendly, ugly, silly, timely等。 考点三 形容词和副词的比较等级 一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的词形变化 1．规则变化 词形分类及变化方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加-er或-est tall taller tallest 以e结尾的，直接加-r或-st nice nicer nicest 以一个重读闭音节结尾的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatter fattest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-est happy happier happiest easy easier easiest 其他双音节词/多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult more difficult most difficult 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad (badly)/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1．同级比较：“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”，其否定形式是“not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。 He worked as well as a qualified technician.他干得跟合格的技术员一样好。 2．比较级常见的结构 (1)“形容词/副词的比较级＋than”；“more/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than”。常见的修饰比较级的词有any, much, even, far, by far, a lot, a great deal等。 The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read.这本书比我读过的书有趣得多。 (2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more and more/less and less＋原级”表示“越来越……”。 Holiday flight tickets are getting less and less expensive．假期的机票越来越便宜了。 (3)“the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语， the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语”，表示“越……就越……”。 The more people are involved, the better the ocean environment is. 参与的人越多，海洋环境就越好。 (4)“the＋比较级＋of (the)＋名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。 Of the two cameras, I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry. 这两个照相机中，我喜欢较小的那个，它很容易携带。 3．最高级结构：“the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/of/among短语)”；“one of the＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数”。常用来修饰最高级的词有by far, almost以及序数词等。 My parents wanted me to have the best possible education.我父母想让我接受最好的教育。 4．比较级表达最高级含义 (1)“否定词＋比较级”或“否定词＋such/so...as”结构表示最高级含义。 Your story is perfect; I've never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了；我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。 (2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义： ①比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词 ②比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词 ③比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China. 长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。/长江是中国最长的河。 三、倍数表达法 常见的倍数表达法句型主要有： (1)A＋is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B (2)A＋is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B (3)A＋is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B (4)the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋A＋is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B (5)A＋is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句 Smoking is harmful to people's health, killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents. 吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的人多7倍。 一、语法填空 1．Whenever you see David, he is always (energy) and wears a big smile on his face. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．It is truly (type) of him to be 10 minutes earlier before every appointment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．The proposal David came up with was quite creative and (origin). (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your (confirm) interview time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Under such conditions, the highly (destroy) effects of bacteria are diminished (减弱). (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．If the sensor is (fault) , this temperature will usually be quite high. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．It may prove to be (benefit) to developing creativity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Tom’s performance in the talent show was really (impress). (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The scenery here is so (fascinate) that it is totally beyond description. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．He decided to continue his (far) education in the USA．(所给词的适当形式填空) 11．I’m writing to explain to you why I was (absence) from your lecture last time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．For the same reason we all have similar (emotion) expressions like smiling and crying. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．Scientists have tried to understand the (complexity) structure of human brain or many years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．The journey to the very deepest point on the earth makes us realize how much of the world still remains (explore). (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．The animation film Ne Zha is considerably (influence) in inspiring a new generation of filmmakers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16． (fortune), I wore the seat belt, otherwise I would have been injured! (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．In the summer here in Nanjing, the weather gets (unbearable) hot by the afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．We’ve all (sure) had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don’t like. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．When a species goes extinct, it (dramatic) changes the landscape of biodiversity. （所给词的适当形式填空） 20．Some hunters hunt endangered species (legal), which leads to severe results. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．It’s our duty to leave a better, cleaner, and (healthy) planet to our children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．You know, going outside during a hurricane is even (dangerous). (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．It’s generally acknowledged that he is one of the most (power) men in the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24．While staying in Beijing, he made the (good) of his spare time to know more of Chinese literature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．Among all the shining points, the (striking) feature of the landscape is the huge mountain in the distance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．I can’t agree (much) with you on that point. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．The (high) one climbs, the less oxygen there is in the air. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28．The (generous) people spend money, the more likely they are to face money problems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 29．The more you practice, the (good) you can understand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30．Alan is a careful driver, but he drives (careful) of my friends. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二．专项语篇型填空(形容词和副词) It’s 　1　(obvious)right to say that living in the city is　2　(interest), but the city is　3　(dangerous) than the country. There are often many bad things that happen in the city, such as robberies.　4　(addition), the city is very noisy. Life in the country is　5　 (health) in many ways. I always want to escape city life to have a good rest and enjoy the　6　 (beauty) scenery in the country.  　7　, some people think country life is so slow and boring! Life is sometimes not 　8　(convenience). As for me, I like the city for its 　9　(color) and good life, and want the country life for its quiet. When I’m married and have children, I’ll move to the country while working in the city. I’m not so sure, 　10　.  一．语篇填空(形容词、副词专练) DUJIANGYAN 1 (Original) constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a   2 (remark) example of ancient engineering skill and is still in use today. During the Warring States Period, people who lived along the banks of the Min River were troubled by 3  (anniversary) flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem 4  (thorough). He led a team to construct a levee (防洪堤) to redirect a portion of the river’s flow. Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water. After the system was finished, no floods occurred any 5 (long). What’s more, it made Sichuan one of the most productive 6  (agriculture) regions in China because the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation. If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an  7 (usual) construction that resembles a fish’s mouth. This 8 (fame) attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts,  9 (name), Feishayan and Baopingkou, was 10 (scientific) designed to control the water flow throughout the year. Recognised as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years. 二、阅读理解 English Teacher in Rural (乡村的) Schools Come to work with us and experience the rural Ghanaian way of life! We are looking for those who’d like to help out in schools to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language. Volunteers will be placed in primary or junior high schools which are located together. Typical day     7:30 am - Volunteer transport leaves the volunteer house to project sites     8:00 am - School starts     12:30 pm - 13:00 pm - Lunch break     15:00 pm - School closes     15:30 pm - Return to volunteer house Please note this is an example of a schedule. Schedules change in different schools. Free - time activities     Swimming     Visiting museums     Shopping in malls or going to the cinema (showing latest films)     Wandering at beautiful beaches Requirements     Age: 18 years and above     Language Skills: English (fluently)     Nationality: No limits     Time Commitment: Monday - Friday from 8:00 - 15:00 Program Salary     4 weeks: €265     12 weeks: €795     50 weeks: €2,689 1．What is a volunteer’s usual duty? A．Doing research on rural Ghanaian life. B．Helping to build primary schools in Ghana. C．Teaching English in local Ghanaian schools. D．Working together with local Ghanaian farmers. 2．What is required of the volunteers? A．Fluent English. B．Ghanaian nationality. C．An 8-hour workday. D．An age limit of 19 years. 3．How much will a volunteer working for six months get from the program? A．€265. B．€795. C．€1,590. D．€2,689. 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 rural adj. 乡村的，农村的 volunteer n. 志愿者 typical day n. 典型的一天 time commitment n. 时间投入 program salary n. 项目薪酬 长难句分析 原句：We are looking for those who’d like to help out in schools to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language. 译文：我们正在寻找那些愿意在学校帮忙，协助英语教学和理解的人。 分析：本句为主从复合句。主句为 “We are looking for those”，“who’d like to help out in schools to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language” 为 who 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 those，在从句中 “to help with the teaching and understanding of the English language” 为不定式短语作目的状语。 中文翻译 乡村学校的英语教师 来和我们一起工作，体验加纳乡村的生活方式！我们正在寻找那些愿意在学校帮忙，协助英语教学和理解的人。志愿者将被安置在位于一起的小学或初中。 典型的一天 早上 7:30 - 志愿者交通工具离开志愿者之家前往项目地点 早上 8:00 - 学校开始上课 下午 12:30 - 13:00 - 午休 下午 15:00 - 学校放学 下午 15:30 - 返回志愿者之家 请注意，这是一个日程安排的示例。不同学校的日程安排会有所不同。 空闲时间活动 游泳 参观博物馆 在商场购物或去电影院（放映最新电影） 在美丽的海滩漫步 要求 年龄：18 岁及以上 语言技能：英语（流利） 国籍：不限 时间投入：周一至周五 8:00 - 15:00 项目薪酬 4 周：265 欧元 12 周：795 欧元 50 周：2,689 欧元 8 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$