精品解析：上海市第三女子初级中学2024-2025学年下学期八年级英语期中试卷

2024学年度第二学期八年级英语期中考试 （满分100分，考试时间90分钟） Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）：（共26分） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）：（共6分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）：（共6分） 7. A.9.30. B. 8.30. C. 10.00. D. 10.30. 8. A. By air. B. On foot. C. By car. D. By underground. 9. A. In a car park. B. In a car dealership. C. In a computer factory. D. At the booking office. 10. A. Excited. B. Pleased. C. Calm. D. Surprised. 11. A. Mother and son. B. Doctor and patient. C. Headmaster and teacher D. Director and actor. 12. A. Eddie didn't pass his physics test. B. Kitty won't help Eddie with his physics. C. Kitty encourages Eddie to work hard at physics. D. Eddie has become confident. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）：（共6分） 13. Two men called into a radio programme to talk about environmental problems. 14. Tammy enjoyed reading advertisements outside the underground station. 15. Tammy saw people throw the advertisements on the ground. 16. The radio host advised Tammy to ask the workers to pick up the litter. 17. Larry complained about air pollution. 18. The radio host advised Larry to phone the building manager and the city government. D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。每空格限填一词）：（共8分） 19. Betty teaches ________ at a________. 20. Last weekend, Betty ________ to the hospital to take care of her mother because her mother was ________. 21. Betty's car broke down on the way and she had to walk to the hospital. But she thought she ________ because the car broke down within walking range, allowing her to visit. 22. Betty looked at the students'________. They were touched by her ________. Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar（第二部分 词汇和语法） Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）：（共13分） 1. There is _______ “s” in the word “sewage” and it is the first letter of the word. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在“污水”这个单词中有一个“s”，它是这个单词的第一个字母。 考查冠词的用法。a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这/那个，定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。此处泛指一个“s”，且“s”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故选B。 2. Betty and John have come back, but _____ students in the class aren’t here yet. A. the other B. others C. another D. the others 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：贝蒂和约翰已经回来了，但是班级里其他的学生还没有回来。 the other+名词复数，特指剩余所有的，其他的；another+单数名词，另一个，再一个；the others=the other +名词复数；others其他的，泛指其他的。该句中空格处指除了贝蒂和约翰外所有其他的学生，故选A。 3. The music in the shopping mall sounded so ________ that I wanted to leave at once. A. soft B. wonderful C. noisy D. naughty 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：商场里的音乐听起来如此嘈杂，以至于我想立刻离开。 考查形容词辨析。soft柔软的；wonderful精彩的；noisy吵闹的；naughty调皮的。根据“I wanted to leave at once.”可知，此处说的是商场里的音乐听起来很吵，所以想立刻离开。故选C。 4. I won’t take any action ________ I get all the useful information. A. because B. when C. until D. as soon as 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：在我得到所有有用的信息之前，我不会采取任何行动。 考查时间状语从句。because因为；when当……时候；until直到；as soon as一……就。此处指直到我得到所有有用的信息，我才会采取行动。not…until“直到……才”。故选C。 5. I’m very interested in a trip abroad because I would like to _______ a different culture. A. exercise B. express C. expect D. experience 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我对出国旅行很感兴趣，因为我想体验不同的文化。 考查动词词义辨析。exercise锻炼；express表达；expect期待；experience经历。根据“I’m very interested in a trip abroad because I would like to ... a different culture.”可知，此处是指体验不同的文化。故选D。 6. Dan spends ________ time playing computer games instead of studying. A. too much B. too many C. too few D. none 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：Dan花太多时间玩电脑游戏而不是学习。 考查形容词短语辨析。too much太多，其后修饰不可数名词；too many太多，其后修饰可数名词复数；too few太少，修饰可数名词复数；none没有一个。根据“instead of studying.time”可知，Dan玩电脑游戏的时间多，故排除选项C和D，“time”为不可数名词，需too much修饰。故选A。 7. All the members at the meeting agreed to ________ Joyce to be our monitor. A. vote B. call C. consider D. elect 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：会议上的所有成员都同意选举乔伊斯为我们的班长。 考查动词辨析。vote投票；call打电话、称呼；consider考虑；elect选举。根据“All the members at the meeting agreed to...Joyce to be our monitor.”可知，这里表达的是会议成员同意通过某种方式让乔伊斯成为班长。故选D。 8. We all know that light travels ________ than sound. A. slower B. slowly C. fast D. faster 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们都知道光速比声速更快。 考查副词比较级。slower更慢的；slowly慢地；fast快地；faster更快地。根据“than”可知，这里用比较级，并且光速比声速传播更快。故选D。 9. You have already tried your best, so you ________ worry about it too much. A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你已经尽力了，所以你不必太担心了。 考查情态动词用法。can’t不能；may not不可能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止。根据“You have already tried your best,”可知，已经尽力，那么就不必太担心。故选C。 10. —May I leave the table now? —No you must finish your dinner first. Then you _______ leave the table. A. must B. should C. need D. can 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我现在可以离开桌子了吗？——不行，你得先吃完饭。然后你可以离开桌子了。 考查情态动词。must必须；should应该；need需要；can可以。根据“No, you must finish your dinner first. ”可知，应是必须吃完饭才可以离开桌子，故选D。 11. Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A. share B. to share C. sharing D. not to share 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：请保管好银行卡，并记住不要与任何人分享密码。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do记得要做某事；remember doing记住做过某事；remember not to do记住不要做某事。根据“Please keep your bank card safe”可知，要保管好银行卡，故应是记住不要把密码与任何人分享。故选D。 12. No one can be sure ________ in a million years. A. how will human beings look like B. what will human beings look like C. what human beings will look like D. how will human beings like 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：没有人能确定一百万年以后人类会是什么样子。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），且“what…look like”意思是“会是什么样子”，C符合，故选C。 13. —We’ve created a new school record in the high jump! —_______ A. How awful! B. I’m delighted for you! C. What a shame! D. Oh, I am sorry! 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们创造了学校跳高的新纪录！——我为你感到高兴！ 考查情景交际。How awful太糟糕了；I’m delighted for you我为你感到高兴；What a shame真遗憾；Oh, I am sorry哦，对不起。根据“We’ve created a new school record in the high jump!”可知，创造记录应表示祝贺。故选B。 Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once（选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文。每个单词或词组只能用一次）：（共8分） A. changeable B. disaster C. responsible D. situation E. exciting Nowadays more and more people prefer to go fishing or hiking in the woods. Experiencing nature is ___14___, but when you’re doing this, always keep yourself safe. It’s important to remember several basic rules if you don’t want to turn a pleasant outing into a ___15___. First, be fully prepared for different weather. Before you set out, always get warm clothes and raincoats ready, just in case! This is especially true in the ___16___of travelling in the mountain areas. The weather is really ___17___in high mountains. Sometimes you can experience two or three seasons in one day. A. appear B. heavily C. nearby D. pack E. probably Second, ___18___a map, a compass, and a flashlight in your bag. Even experienced travelers get lost. Before you start your trip, study the map to get familiar with the area you are going to. The flashlight is important if you do get lost. Many trips that start out in daylight will ___19___become nighttime adventures when people can’t find their way. Third, bring a first-aid kit and know how to use it. Small cuts can be more serious when there is no doctor ___20___. Finally, tell people where you are going and when you plan to come back. That way, someone will go search for you if troubles ___21___. This will increase your chance of being found quickly. 【答案】14. E 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. C 21. A 【解析】 【分析】本文旨在给喜欢外出体验大自然的人们提出一些安全方面的建议，包括四个方面：一是准备保暖的衣物和雨衣，以应付不同天气变化；二是携带地图、指南针和手电筒，以备迷路；三是急救箱，防备受伤；四是行前告知别人，以便遇到麻烦时能被找到。 【14题详解】 句意：现在越来越多人喜欢在树林里钓鱼或徒步旅行。体验大自然是令人兴奋的。A.changeable易变的；B. disaster灾患C. responsible尽职尽责的D. situation处境E.exciting 使人兴奋的。空白处的前面是系词is，所以需填形容词。B和D都是名词，先排除。再根据句意，越来越多的人喜欢走出户外，走向自然。这种体验是令人兴奋的。A和C虽然都是形容词，但意义不对。故选E。 【15题详解】 句意：如果你不想把一次愉快的旅行变成一次灾难的话，记住一些基本的规则是很重要的。空白处的前面有不定冠词a，应该填个名词。A/C/E都是形容词，可排除。而D的意义不符合句意，故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：在山区旅游的情况尤其如此。空白处的前面有定冠词the，它后面应该填个名词。参照47小题的分析，可知选D。 【17题详解】 句意：高山上的天气真是变化无常。根据前后的句意可知，能够让人一天经历两三个季节的天气，一定是变幻无常的。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：第二，在你的包里放一张地图，一个指南针和一个手电筒。A. appear出现；B. heavily沉重地；C. nearby附近；D. pack装包，携带；E. probably可能。显然，这是一个祈使句，空白处需填一个动词。五个选项中，只有A和D是动词，先排除B/C/E。再根据句意，可知appear的意思不合，也可排除。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意：许多在白天开始的旅行可能在人们无法找到路的时候变成夜间冒险。空白处后接become变成，是动词，它需要副词修饰，根据50小题的解析，先排除A和D两个动词。再根据本句含有的推测意思，排除B和C。故选E。 【20题详解】 句意：当附近没有医生时，小伤口会更加严重。这个句子是when引导的时间状语从句，而从句中缺少表位置的地点状语，在五个选项中，只有C是地点副词。故选C。 【21题详解】 句意：这样的话，如果出现麻烦，就会有人去找你。这个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，从句中缺的是谓语动词。参照前面的解析，排除动词D。故选A。 IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）：（共8分） 22. He wondered why she ________ to take her advice. (choice) 【答案】chose 【解析】 【详解】句意：他想知道为什么她选择接受她的建议。choose to do sth“选择做某事”，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填chose。 23. The Blacks have repaired the house ________ and are going to move into it soon. (they) 【答案】themselves 【解析】 【详解】句意：布莱克一家自己把房子修好了，不久就要搬进去住。根据“The Blacks have repaired the house…”以及括号内提示词可知，此处使用反身代词，强调“他们自己”动手修好了房子，应用人称代词they“他们”的反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。 24. We can make a new ________ with the help of this machine. (produce) 【答案】product 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们可以借助这台机器制造新产品。根据“a new”和“with the help of this machine”可知此处应用produce的名词product表示“产品”，且应用其单数形式。故填product。 25. There was a problem with one of the _________ appliances in Benny’s flat. (electricity) 【答案】electrical 【解析】 【详解】句意：本尼公寓里的一个电器出了问题。空后是名词，此处用形容词electrical“电的”。故填electrical。 26. Fire and water may be good ________, but bad masters. (serve) 【答案】servants 【解析】 【详解】句意：水火是忠仆，用之不慎成灾主。空格处应填名词作表语，根据提示词可知用servant表示“仆人”，but连接前后相同结构的单词短语或句子，masters是复数形式，所以servant也用复数形式。故填servants。 27. You ought to learn how to talk ________ to other people. (polite) 【答案】politely 【解析】 【详解】句意：你应该学会如何礼貌地与他人交谈。此处修饰动词talk用副词politely“礼貌地”。故填politely。 28. One good example of a ________ change is burning a candle. (chemistry) 【答案】chemical 【解析】 【详解】句意：化学变化的一个很好的例子是燃烧蜡烛。根据“a ... change”可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，结合提示词可知，此处用chemical表示“化学的”。故填chemical。 29. As we know, both humans and animals need to ________ oxygen. (breath) 【答案】breathe 【解析】 【详解】句意：众所周知，人和动物都需要呼吸氧气。need to do sth.“需要做某事”，所以空格处应填动词原形，根据提示词可知用breathe“呼吸”。故填breathe。 Ⅴ. Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。每空格限填一词）：（共12分） 30. Mike sped down the hill on his skateboard.（改为否定句） Mike ________ ________ down the hill on his skateboard. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. speed 【解析】 【详解】句意：迈克骑着滑板冲下山。对含有实义动词的一般过去时的句子变否定句，需要借助助动词 didn’t，动词过去式要还原为动词原形。原句中的“sped”是“speed”的过去式。故填didn’t speed。 31. They protect the environment by reducing wastes. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________ they protect the environment? 【答案】 ①. How ②. do 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们通过减少浪费来保护环境。划线部分“by reducing wastes”表示通过某种方式，对方式提问用特殊疑问词how；根据动词protect可知是一般现在时，因此变问句时要借助do。故填How；do。 32. The phone is not only shockproof but also waterproof.（保持句意基本不变） The phone is waterproof as ________ ________ shockproof. 【答案】 ①. well ②. as 【解析】 【详解】句意：这部手机不仅防震而且防水。要保持句意基本不变，“not only...but also...”可以使用 “as well as” 结构来改写。改写后句子 “The phone is waterproof as well as shockproof” 同样表达了手机兼具这两种特性，且保持了原句的基本语义。故填 well; as 。 33. “Are articles with pictures more attractive than those with only words?” the editor asked. (连接成宾语从句) The editor asked ________ articles with pictures ________ more attractive than those with only words. 【答案】 ①. whether##if ②. were 【解析】 【详解】句意：编辑问道：“有图片的文章比只有文字的文章更有吸引力吗？”。把一般疑问句变为宾语从句，用引导词whether/if，主句谓语asked是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语用一般过去时，因此把are变为were。故填whether/if；were。 34. Bob hardly talked with you at the meeting yesterday. (改为反义疑问句) Bob hardly talked with you at the meeting yesterday, __________ __________? 【答案】 ①. did ②. he 【解析】 【详解】句意：在昨天的会议上，鲍勃几乎不和你说话。反意疑问句遵循前肯后否，前否后肯，陈述句中含有否定意义词hardly，疑问部分用肯定，根据“talked”可知此处借助助动词did，主语用代词he。故填did；he。 35. their behaviors, ought to, in public, pay attention to, people (连词成句) ___________________________________________________________. 【答案】People ought to pay attention to their behaviors in public 【解析】 【详解】根据所给单词以及符号可知，此句为一般陈述句。people意为“人们”，名词作主语；ought to意为“应该”，后应加动词原形放于主语后；pay attention to意为“注意”，动词原形作谓语动词；their behaviors意为“他们的行为”，名词作宾语；in public意为“在公众场合”。故填People ought to pay attention to their behaviors in public“人们应该注意自己在公共场合的行为”。 Part3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写） Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）：（共26分） Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) My name is Will Charouhis. My hometown is Miami, in the U.S. state of Florida. The city is known for its warm weather and many beautiful beaches. It’s very popular with tourists. However, scientists say it’s in trouble. Because of climate change (气候变化), the sea level is rising. As a coastal city, Miami will suffer badly. By 2070, the city will probably be under two feet of water. Life will be hard then. I know this because I once experienced the effects of climate change. It was September 2017. Hurricane Irma (飓风“厄玛”) hit Florida. It caused serious flooding in Miami. My city was almost completely under water. For days, I thought about what I could do. How could I help to prevent this from happening again? I became interested in mangroves. These trees grow in or near water. They are good at taking in greenhouse gases from the air. They can also protect coastal cities against rising seas. I started the “A Million Mangroves” project. I ask people to help protect mangroves. Three years ago, the COVID-19 pandemic (疾病大流行) shut down the world. I couldn’t go to school. Neither could I spend time with my friends indoors. But I was able to spend months working along Florida’s coastlines. I planted more than six miles of new mangroves. I’ll continue to work hands-on and teach people about the importance of protecting trees. It’s useless to just be afraid of climate change. Turn your tear into action. We can all do something to save our planet. 36. Because of ________, Miami is very popular with tourists. A. the climate change B. the warm weather and many beautiful beaches C. the rising sea level D. many beautiful mountains 37 When did Will Charouhis experience the effects of climate change? A. In 2015. B. In 2017. C. In 2019. D. In 2021. 38. According to the article, the mangrove is a type of ________. A. sea B. project C. tree D. greenhouse gas 39. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Charouhis ________. A. planted many trees in his school B. often invited his friends to his home C. planted many mangoves along Florida’s coastlines D. thought about how to prevent hurricanes 40. Charouhis hopes people will ________. A. take a holiday in Miami B. spend time with friends C. show fear of climate change D. do something to save the Earth 41. This article probably comes from the “________” page of a magazine. A. News B. Fashion C. Technology D. Environment 【答案】36. B 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. D 41. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者Will Charouhis的家乡迈阿密面临的气候变化问题，以及他通过种植红树林来应对这一挑战的经历和决心。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The city is known for its warm weather and many beautiful beaches. It’s very popular with tourists.”可知，迈阿密因其温暖的天气和许多美丽的海滩而受游客欢迎。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It was September 2017. Hurricane Irma hit Florida. It caused serious flooding in Miami.”可知，Will Charouhis在2017年经历了气候变化的影响。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I became interested in mangroves. These trees grow in or near water.”可知，红树林是一种生长在水中或水边的树。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Three years ago, the COVID-19 pandemic shut down the world...I planted more than six miles of new mangroves.”可知，在COVID-19疫情期间，Charouhis在佛罗里达的海岸线上种植了许多红树林。故选C。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’ll continue to work hands-on and teach people about the importance of protecting trees...We can all do something to save our planet.”可知，Charouhis希望人们能做些事情来拯救地球。故选D。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者Will Charouhis的家乡迈阿密面临的气候变化问题，以及他通过种植红树林来应对这一挑战的经历和决心，所以这篇文章可能来自杂志的“环境”版面。故选D。 B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：（6分） Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文). Martin Harris and his family live in an interesting house. It’s an eco home. Eco homes won’t use up the planet’s resources or produce dangerous gases because they don’t ____42____ fossil fuels (化石燃料) like coal or oil. The eco home is in a hill in Wales, UK. It looks like a house in a film. Half of the house is underground. Martin and his family started to build the house in March and moved in at the end of July. The house didn’t ____43____ much, for it has stone and mud walls and it has a skylight in the roof. There are solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roof to make electricity for the lights, CD player and computer. The family gets water from a spring and they burn wood to heat the house. Martin and his wife Lara, were working in a forest when they decided to build their eco home. At first, they just wanted somewhere to live while they were working, and a ____44____ house would work in a way. At the same time, they wanted to live ____45____ for their old house in the town was the same as everyone else’s house. They also liked the idea of living close to ____46____. Now they don’t want to live anywhere else. Martin’s family loves their home because it helps the planet and it looks amazing. They think that eco homes are a great idea for everyone. In fact, if you’re planning to move to Wales or already live there, you’ll find it ____47____ to build such eco homes because of the country’s special “One Wales: One Planet” housing plan. It makes Wales an ideal city for interested people. 42. A. carry B. produce C. waste D. use 43. A. cost B. weigh C. contain D. receive 44. A. comfortable B. modern C. huge D. basic 45. A. politely B. personally C. differently D. probably 46. A. nature B. life C. human D. environment 47. A. free B. convenient C. difficult D. impossible 【答案】42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马丁·哈里斯和他的家人建造生态家园的故事。 【42题详解】 句意：生态住宅不会耗尽地球的资源，也不会产生有害气体，因为它们不使用煤炭或石油等化石燃料。 carry携带；produce生产；waste浪费；use使用。根据上文“Eco homes won’t use up the planet’s resources or produce dangerous gases”可知，生态家园不使用煤或石油等化石燃料。故选D。 【43题详解】 句意：这所房子花不了多少钱，因为它有石墙和泥墙，屋顶上有一个天窗。 cost花费；weigh称……的重量；contain包含；receive接收。根据下文“for it has stone and mud walls and it has a skylight in the roof”可知，房子没花多少钱。故选A。 【44题详解】 句意：起初，他们只是想在工作的时候有个地方住，在某种程度上，一个基本的房子就可以了。 comfortable舒服的；modern现代的；huge巨大的；basic基本的。根据上文“At first, they just wanted somewhere to live while they were working,”可知，此处是指他们只需要一个简单的地方来居住，以便在工作期间有个安身之处，房子不需要太过豪华或复杂，满足基本的居住需求即可。故选D。 【45题详解】 句意：同时，他们想过一种不一样的生活，因为他们在镇上的老房子和其他人的房子一样。 politely礼貌地；personally个人地；differently不同地；probably可能地。根据下文“for their old house in the town was the same as everyone else’s house”可知，此处是指他们想住得不一样。故选C。 【46题详解】 句意：他们也喜欢亲近自然的生活方式。 nature自然；life生活；human人类；environment环境。根据第一段“Martin Harris and his family live in an interesting house. It’s an eco home.”可知，此处是指他们想亲近自然。故选A。 【47题详解】 句意：事实上，如果你打算搬到威尔士或已经住在那里，你会发现建造这样的生态住宅很方便，因为该国特别的“一个威尔士：一个星球”住房计划。 free免费的；convenient方便的；difficult困难的；impossible不可能的。根据下文“It makes Wales an ideal city for interested people.”可知，此处是指在威尔士建造生态住宅是很方便的。故选B。 C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：（7分） 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 A Letter from 2070 Hi, This is the year 2070. I have just turned 50, but I look like a person of 85. I suffer from serious kidney(肾脏) problems because I don’t have enough water to drink. I’m afraid I don’t have much time left to live. I am already one of the o___48___ people in this society. I remember when I was five years old, everything was very different. There were lots of trees in the parks. I could enjoy a shower for half an hour. At that time, women had beautiful hair. Now, we have to shave our heads to keep them clean w___49___ the use of water. I remember there were “Save Water” warnings in many public places, but nobody paid attention. We believed water would last forever. Now, all the rivers and lakes are e___50___ dry or polluted. Water is much more expensive than gold and diamonds. Without water, almost all factories are closed. Most people are unemployed. Those who have a job work in desalination (海水脱盐) plants and are paid with drinkable water rather than with money. In the past, doctors s___51___ adults drink eight glasses of water a day. Nowadays, I am only allowed half a glass. Most people are weak. Young people in their early 20s look as if they were in their 40s. Because there are f ___52___ trees, we don’t have enough oxygen. We have to pay for air. The air is not of very good quality, but at least we can breathe. Poor people die young. The average life expectancy (预期寿命) is 40 years. When my son asks me about my childhood, I tell him about how p___53___ it was to fish in the rivers and how healthy people were. When he asks, “Why is there no clean water now?”，I feel guilty. I belong to the generation who turned a blind eye to all the warnings. I wish this letter could travel back in time and it would make people living in the 2020s t___54___ understand the importance of saving water. Best, Natalie 【答案】48. (o)ldest 49. (w)ithout 50. (e)ither 51. (s)uggested 52. (f)ew 53. (p)leasant 54. (t)ruly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一封来自2070年的信，信中描述了人们在2070年因缺水而过的悲惨生活，呼吁现在的人们节约用水，保护自然资源。 【48题详解】 句意：我已经是这个社会最老的人之一。根据前句“I don’t have much time left to live.”可知作者年事已高，另外“one of the...”后要填以o开头的形容词最高级。故填(o)ldest。 【49题详解】 句意：现在，由于没有水，我们不得不剃头保证头部干净。根据本段中过去和现在状况的对比，可知是现在是没有水用的。故填(w)ithout。 【50题详解】 句意：现在，所有的河流湖泊不是干涸就是被污染了。根据今昔对比，可知现在河流湖泊面临的严重问题，用“either...or...”结构。故填(e)ither。 【51题详解】 句意：以前，医生建议成年人每天喝八杯水。“adults drink eight glasses of water a day”是医生过去对人的建议，用suggest的过去式。故填(s)uggested。 【52题详解】 句意：由于树木少，我们没有足够的氧气。树木能吸收二氧化碳产生氧气，而句中说“we don’t have enough oxygen”，可知树木是越来越少的。故填(f)ew。 【53题详解】 句意：当我的儿子问我的童年，我告诉他那时在河里钓鱼多么快乐，那时的人们是多么健康。作者在童年时水源充足，人们能在河边钓鱼是令人愉快的事情。故填(p)leasant。 【54题详解】 句意：我希望这封信能回到过去，让生活在21世纪20年代的人真正懂得节约用水的重要性。根据句意可知这里要填一个副词来修饰“understand the importance of saving water”表达“真正地”。故填(t)ruly。 Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题) Turning rubbish into new earth My father is a quiet man. He has his thoughts, but he usually keeps them to himself. There is one thing that really gets him excited. Just say the word “rubbish” to him! Or I should say, he is keen on solving the rubbish problem! “We have become a ‘throw-away’ society,” he says. “We buy and buy, and then we throw it away. We can’t keep doing this. Rubbish is everybody’s problem.” My father doesn’t just talk about it though. When he sees a problem, he tries to find a solution. Last year, my father decided to do something about all the wasted food we were throwing away. One family makes nearly 500 pounds of food waste each year. We throw away the potato skins and the apple cores (核) when we finish with them. Imagine how they collect in the large area! However, there is something that we can do to reuse rubbish. For example, if we carefully deal with food waste, it can be changed from rubbish to a rich, dark earth known as compost (肥料). This compost can be added to vegetable gardens to make the plants grow really well. “I bought a compost bin today.” Dad said at dinner one night. “From now on, instead of throwing away all our food waste, we will put it in the compost bin. Mother Nature will slowly turn it from rubbish into earth.” It took a while to get used to it, but soon, we were taking our food waste to the compost bin. In three months, we found it full of rich compost material! 55. What is the writer’s father really interested in? _______________________________________________ 56. The writer’s father takes action to solve problems, doesn’t he? _______________________________________________ 57. How much food waste does one family make yearly? _______________________________________________ 58. What is the solution suggested by the writer’s father to reuse food waste? _______________________________________________ 59. According to the passage, what is the result of father’s solution? _______________________________________________ 60. In your daily life, what can your family do to reduce food waste? _______________________________________________ 【答案】55. (He is really interested in) Solving the rubbish problem. 56. Yes (, he does). 57. Nearly 500 pounds. 58. Putting food waste in the compost bin./He suggested they put food waste in the compost bin. 59. The writer’s family started taking food waste to the compost bin. In three months, the food wasted was turned into rich compost material. 60. We can plan meals carefully before shopping to avoid over-buying food. Also, we can store leftovers properly and eat them later. (答案不唯一) 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的父亲热衷于解决垃圾问题，特别是食物垃圾再利用的相关内容。 【55题详解】 根据“he is keen on solving the rubbish problem”可知，作者父亲真正感兴趣的是解决垃圾问题。故填(He is really interested in) Solving the rubbish problem. 【56题详解】 根据“When he sees a problem, he tries to find a solution.”以及后文父亲买堆肥箱处理食物垃圾等行为可知，作者父亲会采取行动解决问题，所以是肯定回答。故填Yes (, he does). 【57题详解】 根据“One family makes nearly 500 pounds of food waste each year.”可知，一个家庭每年制造近500磅的食物垃圾。故填Nearly 500 pounds. 【58题详解】 根据“From now on, instead of throwing away all our food waste, we will put it in the compost bin. Mother Nature will slowly turn it from rubbish into earth.”可知，作者父亲提出的解决办法是把食物垃圾放进堆肥箱，让大自然将其转化为肥料。故填Putting food waste in the compost bin./He suggested they put food waste in the compost bin. 【59题详解】 根据“It took a while to get used to it, but soon, we were taking our food waste to the compost bin. In three months, we found it full of rich compost material!”可知，三个月后堆肥箱里装满了肥沃的堆肥材料。故填The writer’s family started taking food waste to the compost bin. In three months, the food wasted was turned into rich compost material. 【60题详解】 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。 参考答案为：We can plan meals carefully before shopping to avoid over-buying food. Also, we can store leftovers properly and eat them later. VII. Writing（作文）：（共7分） 61. Write at least 60 words on the topic “Earth Day Action Plan”（以“地球日行动计划”为题，写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格） April 22nd is Earth Day. To protect our planet, what practical action can you take in your daily life? Choose one specific activity（eg: reducing plastic use, planting trees, saving energy）and write an essay explaining: 4月22日是地球日。为了保护我们的星球，你在日常生活中可以采取哪些实际行动？选择一项具体活动（例如：减少塑料使用、植树、节约能源），并撰写一篇文章说明： 1. Why is this action important for the environment? 这一行动对环境的重要性是什么？ 2. How can you carry it out effectively?（Give clear steps.） 你如何有效执行这一行动？（给出明确步骤。） 3. What challenges might you face, and how will you overcome them? 可能会遇到哪些挑战？你将如何克服它们？ （*注意：照抄阅读语篇不得分） ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Earth Day Action Plan April 22nd marks Earth Day, a reminder to safeguard our planet. I’ve decided to focus on reducing plastic use, a crucial step to combat pollution. Plastic waste chokes oceans, harms wildlife, and takes centuries to decompose. By cutting back, we can protect marine life and minimize environmental damage. To execute this plan, I’ll follow three steps. First, I’ll carry reusable bags, bottles, and containers daily, replacing single-use plastics. Second, I’ll choose products with minimal packaging when shopping, opting for bulk items or brands using eco-friendly materials. Finally, I’ll spread awareness among friends and family, encouraging them to join this effort. However, challenges exist. Sometimes, finding plastic-free alternatives can be inconvenient or costly. To overcome this, I’ll research local stores that offer sustainable options and compare prices. Additionally, I’ll remind myself that small sacrifices today lead to a healthier Earth tomorrow. With consistent effort, we can make a difference. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：主要时态为一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，按题目要求先叙述这些行动对于环境的重要性； 第二步，分步骤说明如何有效执行这一行动； 第三步，叙述可能会遇到哪些挑战并准备如何克服它们。 [亮点词汇] ①focus on专注于 ②encourage sb to do鼓励某人去做 ③make a difference产生影响 [高分句型] ①To execute this plan, I’ll follow three steps.（动词不定式作目的状语） ②Additionally, I’ll remind myself that small sacrifices today lead to a healthier Earth tomorrow.（that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年度第二学期八年级英语期中考试 （满分100分，考试时间90分钟） Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）：（共26分） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）：（共6分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）：（共6分） 7. A.9.30. B. 8.30. C. 10.00. D. 10.30. 8. A. By air. B. On foot. C. By car. D. By underground. 9. A. In a car park. B. In a car dealership. C. In a computer factory. D. At the booking office. 10. A. Excited. B. Pleased. C. Calm. D. Surprised. 11. A. Mother and son. B. Doctor and patient. C Headmaster and teacher D. Director and actor. 12. A. Eddie didn't pass his physics test. B. Kitty won't help Eddie with his physics. C. Kitty encourages Eddie to work hard at physics. D. Eddie has become confident. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）：（共6分） 13. Two men called into a radio programme to talk about environmental problems. 14. Tammy enjoyed reading advertisements outside the underground station. 15. Tammy saw people throw the advertisements on the ground. 16. The radio host advised Tammy to ask the workers to pick up the litter. 17. Larry complained about air pollution. 18. The radio host advised Larry to phone the building manager and the city government. D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。每空格限填一词）：（共8分） 19. Betty teaches ________ at a________. 20. Last weekend, Betty ________ to the hospital to take care of her mother because her mother was ________. 21. Betty's car broke down on the way and she had to walk to the hospital. But she thought she ________ because the car broke down within walking range, allowing her to visit. 22. Betty looked at the students'________. They were touched by her ________. Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar（第二部分 词汇和语法） Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）：（共13分） 1. There is _______ “s” in the word “sewage” and it is the first letter of the word. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. Betty and John have come back, but _____ students in the class aren’t here yet. A. the other B. others C. another D. the others 3. The music in the shopping mall sounded so ________ that I wanted to leave at once. A. soft B. wonderful C. noisy D. naughty 4. I won’t take any action ________ I get all the useful information. A. because B. when C. until D. as soon as 5. I’m very interested in a trip abroad because I would like to _______ a different culture. A. exercise B. express C. expect D. experience 6. Dan spends ________ time playing computer games instead of studying. A. too much B. too many C. too few D. none 7. All the members at the meeting agreed to ________ Joyce to be our monitor. A. vote B. call C. consider D. elect 8. We all know that light travels ________ than sound. A. slower B. slowly C. fast D. faster 9. You have already tried your best, so you ________ worry about it too much. A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. mustn’t 10. —May I leave the table now? —No, you must finish your dinner first. Then you _______ leave the table. A. must B. should C. need D. can 11. Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A. share B. to share C. sharing D. not to share 12. No one can be sure ________ in a million years. A. how will human beings look like B. what will human beings look like C. what human beings will look like D. how will human beings like 13. —We’ve created a new school record in the high jump! —_______ A. How awful! B. I’m delighted for you! C. What a shame! D. Oh, I am sorry! Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once（选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文。每个单词或词组只能用一次）：（共8分） A. changeable B. disaster C. responsible D. situation E. exciting Nowadays more and more people prefer to go fishing or hiking in the woods. Experiencing nature is ___14___, but when you’re doing this, always keep yourself safe. It’s important to remember several basic rules if you don’t want to turn a pleasant outing into a ___15___. First, be fully prepared for different weather. Before you set out, always get warm clothes and raincoats ready, just in case! This is especially true in the ___16___of travelling in the mountain areas. The weather is really ___17___in high mountains. Sometimes you can experience two or three seasons in one day. A. appear B. heavily C. nearby D. pack E. probably Second, ___18___a map, a compass, and a flashlight in your bag. Even experienced travelers get lost. Before you start your trip, study the map to get familiar with the area you are going to. The flashlight is important if you do get lost. Many trips that start out in daylight will ___19___become nighttime adventures when people can’t find their way. Third, bring a first-aid kit and know how to use it. Small cuts can be more serious when there is no doctor ___20___. Finally tell people where you are going and when you plan to come back. That way, someone will go search for you if troubles ___21___. This will increase your chance of being found quickly. IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）：（共8分） 22. He wondered why she ________ to take her advice. (choice) 23. The Blacks have repaired the house ________ and are going to move into it soon. (they) 24. We can make a new ________ with the help of this machine. (produce) 25. There was a problem with one of the _________ appliances in Benny’s flat. (electricity) 26. Fire and water may be good ________, but bad masters. (serve) 27. You ought to learn how to talk ________ to other people. (polite) 28. One good example of a ________ change is burning a candle. (chemistry) 29. As we know, both humans and animals need to ________ oxygen. (breath) Ⅴ. Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。每空格限填一词）：（共12分） 30. Mike sped down the hill on his skateboard.（改为否定句） Mike ________ ________ down the hill on his skateboard. 31. They protect the environment by reducing wastes. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________ they protect the environment? 32. The phone is not only shockproof but also waterproof.（保持句意基本不变） The phone is waterproof as ________ ________ shockproof. 33 “Are articles with pictures more attractive than those with only words?” the editor asked. (连接成宾语从句) The editor asked ________ articles with pictures ________ more attractive than those with only words. 34. Bob hardly talked with you at the meeting yesterday. (改为反义疑问句) Bob hardly talked with you at the meeting yesterday, __________ __________? 35. their behaviors, ought to, in public, pay attention to, people (连词成句) ___________________________________________________________. Part3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写） Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）：（共26分） Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) My name is Will Charouhis. My hometown is Miami, in the U.S. state of Florida. The city is known for its warm weather and many beautiful beaches. It’s very popular with tourists. However, scientists say it’s in trouble. Because of climate change (气候变化), the sea level is rising. As a coastal city, Miami will suffer badly. By 2070, the city will probably be under two feet of water. Life will be hard then. I know this because I once experienced the effects of climate change. It was September 2017. Hurricane Irma (飓风“厄玛”) hit Florida. It caused serious flooding in Miami. My city was almost completely under water. For days, I thought about what I could do. How could I help to prevent this from happening again? I became interested in mangroves. These trees grow in or near water. They are good at taking in greenhouse gases from the air. They can also protect coastal cities against rising seas. I started the “A Million Mangroves” project. I ask people to help protect mangroves. Three years ago, the COVID-19 pandemic (疾病大流行) shut down the world. I couldn’t go to school. Neither could I spend time with my friends indoors. But I was able to spend months working along Florida’s coastlines. I planted more than six miles of new mangroves. I’ll continue to work hands-on and teach people about the importance of protecting trees. It’s useless to just be afraid of climate change. Turn your tear into action. We can all do something to save our planet. 36. Because of ________, Miami is very popular with tourists. A. the climate change B. the warm weather and many beautiful beaches C. the rising sea level D. many beautiful mountains 37. When did Will Charouhis experience the effects of climate change? A. In 2015. B. In 2017. C. In 2019. D. In 2021. 38. According to the article, the mangrove is a type of ________. A. sea B. project C. tree D. greenhouse gas 39. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Charouhis ________. A. planted many trees in his school B. often invited his friends to his home C. planted many mangoves along Florida’s coastlines D. thought about how to prevent hurricanes 40. Charouhis hopes people will ________. A. take a holiday in Miami B. spend time with friends C. show fear of climate change D. do something to save the Earth 41. This article probably comes from the “________” page of a magazine. A. News B. Fashion C. Technology D. Environment B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）：（6分） Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文). Martin Harris and his family live in an interesting house. It’s an eco home. Eco homes won’t use up the planet’s resources or produce dangerous gases because they don’t ____42____ fossil fuels (化石燃料) like coal or oil. The eco home is in a hill in Wales, UK. It looks like a house in a film. Half of the house is underground. Martin and his family started to build the house in March and moved in at the end of July. The house didn’t ____43____ much, for it has stone and mud walls and it has a skylight in the roof. There are solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roof to make electricity for the lights, CD player and computer. The family gets water from a spring and they burn wood to heat the house. Martin and his wife, Lara, were working in a forest when they decided to build their eco home. At first, they just wanted somewhere to live while they were working, and a ____44____ house would work in a way. At the same time, they wanted to live ____45____ for their old house in the town was the same as everyone else’s house. They also liked the idea of living close to ____46____. Now they don’t want to live anywhere else. Martin’s family loves their home because it helps the planet and it looks amazing. They think that eco homes are a great idea for everyone. In fact, if you’re planning to move to Wales or already live there, you’ll find it ____47____ to build such eco homes because of the country’s special “One Wales: One Planet” housing plan. It makes Wales an ideal city for interested people. 42. A. carry B. produce C. waste D. use 43. A. cost B. weigh C. contain D. receive 44. A. comfortable B. modern C. huge D. basic 45. A. politely B. personally C. differently D. probably 46. A. nature B. life C. human D. environment 47. A. free B. convenient C. difficult D. impossible C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：（7分） 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 A Letter from 2070 Hi, This is the year 2070. I have just turned 50, but I look like a person of 85. I suffer from serious kidney(肾脏) problems because I don’t have enough water to drink. I’m afraid I don’t have much time left to live. I am already one of the o___48___ people in this society. I remember when I was five years old everything was very different. There were lots of trees in the parks. I could enjoy a shower for half an hour. At that time, women had beautiful hair. Now, we have to shave our heads to keep them clean w___49___ the use of water. I remember there were “Save Water” warnings in many public places but nobody paid attention. We believed water would last forever. Now, all the rivers and lakes are e___50___ dry or polluted. Water is much more expensive than gold and diamonds. Without water, almost all factories are closed. Most people are unemployed. Those who have a job work in desalination (海水脱盐) plants and are paid with drinkable water rather than with money. In the past, doctors s___51___ adults drink eight glasses of water a day. Nowadays, I am only allowed half a glass. Most people are weak. Young people in their early 20s look as if they were in their 40s. Because there are f ___52___ trees, we don’t have enough oxygen. We have to pay for air. The air is not of very good quality, but at least we can breathe. Poor people die young. The average life expectancy (预期寿命) is 40 years. When my son asks me about my childhood, I tell him about how p___53___ it was to fish in the rivers and how healthy people were. When he asks, “Why is there no clean water now?”，I feel guilty. I belong to the generation who turned a blind eye to all the warnings. I wish this letter could travel back in time and it would make people living in the 2020s t___54___ understand the importance of saving water. Best, Natalie Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题) Turning rubbish into new earth My father is a quiet man. He has his thoughts, but he usually keeps them to himself. There is one thing that really gets him excited. Just say the word “rubbish” to him! Or I should say, he is keen on solving the rubbish problem! “We have become a ‘throw-away’ society,” he says. “We buy and buy, and then we throw it away. We can’t keep doing this. Rubbish is everybody’s problem.” My father doesn’t just talk about it though. When he sees a problem, he tries to find a solution. Last year, my father decided to do something about all the wasted food we were throwing away. One family makes nearly 500 pounds of food waste each year. We throw away the potato skins and the apple cores (核) when we finish with them. Imagine how they collect in the large area! However, there is something that we can do to reuse rubbish. For example, if we carefully deal with food waste, it can be changed from rubbish to a rich, dark earth known as compost (肥料). This compost can be added to vegetable gardens to make the plants grow really well. “I bought a compost bin today.” Dad said at dinner one night. “From now on, instead of throwing away all our food waste, we will put it in the compost bin. Mother Nature will slowly turn it from rubbish into earth.” It took a while to get used to it, but soon, we were taking our food waste to the compost bin. In three months, we found it full of rich compost material! 55. What is the writer’s father really interested in? _______________________________________________ 56. The writer’s father takes action to solve problems, doesn’t he? _______________________________________________ 57. How much food waste does one family make yearly? _______________________________________________ 58. What is the solution suggested by the writer’s father to reuse food waste? _______________________________________________ 59. According to the passage, what is the result of father’s solution? _______________________________________________ 60. In your daily life, what can your family do to reduce food waste? _______________________________________________ VII. Writing（作文）：（共7分） 61. Write at least 60 words on the topic “Earth Day Action Plan”（以“地球日行动计划”为题，写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格） April 22nd is Earth Day. To protect our planet, what practical action can you take in your daily life? Choose one specific activity（eg: reducing plastic use, planting trees, saving energy）and write an essay explaining: 4月22日是地球日。为了保护我们的星球，你在日常生活中可以采取哪些实际行动？选择一项具体活动（例如：减少塑料使用、植树、节约能源），并撰写一篇文章说明： 1. Why is this action important for the environment? 这一行动对环境的重要性是什么？ 2. How can you carry it out effectively?（Give clear steps.） 你如何有效执行这一行动？（给出明确步骤。） 3. What challenges might you face, and how will you overcome them? 可能会遇到哪些挑战？你将如何克服它们？ （*注意：照抄阅读语篇不得分） ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$