精品解析：辽宁省大连市滨城高中联盟2024-2025学年高二下学期中考试英语试卷

滨城高中联盟2024—2025学年度下学期高二5月期中考试 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。 2. 本试卷共分四部分，总分150分，考试时间为120分钟。 第I卷（选择题共95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，20题；每小题1.5分；满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：ow much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a cinema. B. In a restaurant. C. On a train. 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Have an interview. B. Have a meeting. C. Have a party. 3. What does the woman want to do? A. Read books. B. Borrow books. C. Return books. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A scenic area. B. An animal. C. A story. 5. What does the man think of his holiday? A. Tiring. B. Enjoyable. C. Boring. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7小题。 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Travelling. B. Working. C. Exercising. 7. How does the woman feel about the rain? A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Desperate. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。 8. What does Mrs. White ask Peter to do? A. Clean the floor. B. Lock up. C. Turn off the light. 9. What does the man plan to do after locking up? A. To hang out with friends. B. To go back to his apartment. C. To walk around the city. 10. What will Mrs. White do next? A. Drive Peter back to his apartment. B. Leave Peter alone in the restaurant. C Have dinner together with Peter at her home. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11. Why does the woman think it costs more to host the Winter Olympics? A. There are too many competitors. B. The cold weather may cause problems. C. The games are too challenging. 12. What winter sport does the man like? A. Freestyle skiing. B. Figure skating. C. Snowboarding. 13. What does the man think of Gu Ailing? A. Talented. B. Skillful. C. Hard-working. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17小题。 14. Where did the woman go on her last day in Vancouver? A. To a park. B. To a mountain C. To a memorial. 15. What did the woman do on the ferry to the island? A. She took photos. B. She read magazines. C. She stayed inside 16. What do we know about the city of Victoria? A. There are many British people. B. People there usually have afternoon tea. C. It’s not suitable for sightseeing there. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Fellow travelers. C. Co-workers. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20小题。 18. What does the speaker talk about? A. Some expressions related to monkeys. B. People’s impression of monkeys. C. Some features of monkeys. 19. Which expression can be used for children having a pillow fight? A. A barrel of monkeys. B. Monkey around. C. Monkey business. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Taking a lesson. C. Making a speech. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，20小题；每小题2.5分；满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Places Named After Scientists in Antarctica There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named for. Jones Terrace The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering (风化作用) in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-covered lakes. Mount Fiennes 8, 202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island-Alexander Island-is named for Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio tower in the Antarctic. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region. Francis Peak The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does. Peden Cliffs Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio waves spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. 1. Which place is named after a builder of radio towers in the Antarctic? A. Jones Terrace. B. Francis Peak. C. Peden Cliffs. D. Mount Fiennes 2. What did Dame Jane Francis do in Antarctica? A. She directed a film called the British Antarctic Survey. B. She made some chemical analyses of rocks she collected. C. She helped prove the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic. D. She spent extended time in Antarctica collecting fossils. 3. What is special about Irene Peden? A. She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctica. B. She was the first female scientist to explore the Antarctic. C. She could judge the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. D. She correctly measured the spreading speed of radio waves. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了南极洲四个以做出科学突破的女性科学家命名的地标。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mount Fiennes部分中“8, 202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island-Alexander Island-is named for Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio tower in the Antarctic.(8202英尺高的Fiennes山位于南极洲最大的岛屿——亚历山大岛上，以Ginny Fiennes的名字命名。她在南极建立并维护了80英尺高的无线电发射塔)”可知，Fiennes山是以南极洲无线电发射塔建造者命名的，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Francis Peak部分中“Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.(她在西摩岛收集的化石帮助她在2021年的一篇论文中得出结论：南极洲丰富的植物化石表明，该大陆曾经有过比现在温暖得多的气候)”可知，Dame Jane Francis证明了南极洲以前有过更高的温度，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Peden Cliffs部分中“They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.(他们还使用不同的无线电波频率来测量南极洲冰盖的厚度)”可知，Irene Peden的特殊之处在于她可以判断南极洲冰盖的厚度，故选C。 B Throughout history, the natural world has served as an extraordinary source of inspiration for human creativity and technological advancement. Scientists and engineers are increasingly turning to biological systems for solutions to modern challenges and complex problems. This field, known as biomimicry, highlights how observing and imitating nature’s time-tested patterns can lead to groundbreaking innovations. Recent studies witness some marvelous breakthroughs in technology, medicine and sustainable development thanks to mother nature. One remarkable example comes from the Shinkansen Bullet Train in Japan. Engineers faced the challenge of reducing noise when the train exited tunnels, and they found their solution in the kingfisher birds. By mimicking the bird’s streamlined beak (喙), they redesigned the train’s nose, making it faster, quieter, and more energy-efficient. Similarly, the microscopic (细微的) structure of butterfly wings, which creates changeable colors without pigments (色素), has inspired new anti--counterfeiting (反伪造) technologies for banknotes, Even the humble lotus leaf, from which water drops with the dirt on it, has inspired self-cleaning coatings for buildings and fabrics (织物) in need of minimal maintenance. Medical researchers have also benefited from nature’s wisdom. The gecko’s (壁虎) ability to climb walls led to the development of advanced medical glues that can bind tissues without harmful chemicals. The unique properties of shark skin, which resists bacterial growth, are now being used to create bacteria-resistant surface for hospitals. Meanwhile, the extraordinary strength of spider silk, even stronger than steel, is guiding the creation of new synthetic (合成的) materials for protective clothing and surgical sutures (缝线). Nature’s wisdom is a testament to the power of observation and a reminder that the best ideas may already exist in the world around us. However, scientists warn that this invaluable source of inspiration is under threat. As biodiversity declines at an alarming rate, we risk losing potential solutions before they can be discovered. “Every species that disappears takes with it millions of years of evolutionary knowledge,” notes Dr. Rachel Wong, a leading biomimicry researcher. “Protecting nature isn’t just about conservation — it’s about preserving the very blueprint for our future innovations.” So it’s time for us to protect ecosystems, ensuring that nature continues to fuel human creativity for generations to come. 4. What is the main focus of the passage? A. The economic values of natural resources. B. The conservation of endangered species. C. The natural inspiration for technological advances. D. The potential of human technological advances. 5. What special feature about lotus leaf contributes to humans’ creativity? A. Its humble appearance. B. Its capacity to clean itself. C. Its low maintenance cost. D. Its economic values. 6. What concern do scientists express in the passage? A. Potential loss of biological inspiration due to extinction. B. Limited applications of biomimicry in other fields. C. Difficulty in observing nature’s phenomena. D. Lack. of support and funding from government. 7. How will you describe Dr. Wong’s attitude to nature’s value in human creativity? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Pessimistic. 【答案】4 C 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍仿生学领域中自然对技术创新的启发及相关案例，同时警示生物多样性丧失的风险。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Scientists and engineers are increasingly turning to biological systems for solutions to modern challenges and complex problems. This field, known as biomimicry, highlights how observing and imitating nature’s time-tested patterns can lead to groundbreaking innovations.(科学家和工程师正越来越多地向生物系统寻求现代挑战和复杂问题的解决方案。这一领域被称为仿生学，它强调观察和模仿大自然经过时间考验的模式如何带来突破性创新。)”可知，此处引出本文讲述的话题——仿生学，结合下文通过多个具体例子说明人类如何从自然中获取灵感，用于解决现代技术、医学和可持续发展中的问题可知，文章的主旨在于阐述自然对科技进步的启发作用。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Even the humble lotus leaf, from which water drops with the dirt on it, has inspired self-cleaning coatings for buildings and fabrics (织物) in need of minimal maintenance.(就连不起眼的荷叶——水珠会带着泥土从荷叶上滴落——也启发人们为需要最少维护的建筑和织物开发了自清洁涂层。)”可知，荷叶的“自清洁能力”激发了人类的创造力。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“As biodiversity declines at an alarming rate, we risk losing potential solutions before they can be discovered. “Every species that disappears takes with it millions of years of evolutionary knowledge,” notes Dr. Rachel Wong, a leading biomimicry researcher. “Protecting nature isn’t just about conservation — it’s about preserving the very blueprint for our future innovations.” So it’s time for us to protect ecosystems, ensuring that nature continues to fuel human creativity for generations to come. (随着生物多样性以惊人的速度下降，我们有可能在这些潜在解决方案被发现之前就失去了它们。“每一个消失的物种都带走了数百万年的进化智慧，”著名仿生学研究者瑞秋·王博士指出，“保护自然不仅仅是出于生态保护的目的——更是为了保留我们未来创新的蓝图。”因此，现在是时候行动起来保护生态系统，确保大自然能够继续为人类的创造力提供灵感，延续至子孙后代。)”可知，科学家担忧物种灭绝会导致生物灵感的潜在损失。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的““Every species that disappears takes with it millions of years of evolutionary knowledge,” notes Dr. Rachel Wong, a leading biomimicry researcher. “Protecting nature isn’t just about conservation — it’s about preserving the very blueprint for our future innovations.”(“每一个消失的物种都带走了数百万年的进化智慧，”著名仿生学研究者瑞秋·王博士指出，“保护自然不仅仅是出于生态保护的目的——更是为了保留我们未来创新的蓝图。”)”可知，她强调保护自然不仅是为了生态本身，更是为了保留未来创新的蓝图，这表明她对自然在人类创造力中的价值持高度肯定态度。故选B项。 C “Wormy! Wormy! Come here, Wormy!” I’m 7 years old, arms wrapping around my legs, while a group of older kids tease (揶揄) me on the playground with the nickname that would bother me throughout my childhood. The moniker (绰号) came from my surname, Worman (although pronounced “War-mon”, not “Worm-man”, my classmates were not sensitive enough to tell the difference), and the simple act of rescuing a worm from being unceremoniously (粗暴地) cut in half. How clever they must have felt when they put two and two together, and how annoying it was for me. From then on, I disliked my rare surname and the teasing that came with it. According to the Internet Surname Database, Worman originates from the old English term for a skilled craftsman. Another website goes as far as to link its origins to the kings of Mercia. While there don’t seem to be any famous Wormans in recent history, we’re a hardworking group, holding down jobs as butchers, painters and laborers in England since the early 1800s. I suffered through being a Worman as a child, so when Facebook came along in my teens, I saw it as a chance to reinvent myself. I went by Evelyn Rose-my pretty, delicate middle name that drew praise and compliments from those around me. I felt more confident than ever. After university, however, I became less critical of my surname. Meeting students from different backgrounds helped shift my perspective (观点); I came across surnames far more wonderful and unusual than mine. Laughing with others about the uniqueness of our names became a surprising source of connection. I finally let go of disliking my surname after signing up to the website Ancestry. com. In the past 100 years, roughly 200,000 surnames have disappeared from England and Wales, according to the website. Family trees are littered with surnames that come and go, but mine hangs on. This feels oddly satisfying. Worman is mine, It’s not “pretty”, but it’s memorable — and it’s survived. Now married and in my early 30s, I’ve become fiercely protective of my surname. When our son arrived last summer, we decided on a double-barrelled (由两部分组成的) surname, honoring both sides of his heritage (传承). “Worman” will, hopefully, stand the test of another generation. 8. Why did the author dislike her surname as a child? A. It was hard to pronounce. B. It had an ordinary origin. C. It means something she disliked. D. It led to constant teasing. 9. How did the author feel about using her middle name in her teens? A. Ashamed. B. Embarrassed. C. Regretful, D. Satisfied. 10. What led the author to develop a sense of pride in her surname? A. Learning about its history in a website. B. Receiving encouragement from her friends. C. Meeting people from diverse backgrounds. D. Becoming more socially confident. 11. What does the author’s decision about her son’s surname suggest? A. A fear of losing her identity. B. A respect for her family’s heritage. C. A rejection of past criticism. D. A desire to promote her surname. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者从童年厌恶姓氏“Worman”到成年后因了解其历史而引以为傲的转变过程。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m 7 years old, arms wrapping around my legs, while a group of older kids tease (揶揄) me on the playground with the nickname that would bother me throughout my childhood. (我七岁时候，双臂环抱着双腿，一群年纪稍大的孩子在操场上用一个绰号揶揄我，这个绰号困扰了我整个童年。)”及第二段“From then on, I disliked my rare surname and the teasing that came with it.(从那时起，我开始讨厌自己这个罕见的姓氏，以及随之而来的嘲笑)”可知，作者童年厌恶姓氏是因为它导致自己不断被嘲笑。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“I went by Evelyn Rose-my pretty, delicate middle name that drew praise and compliments from those around me. I felt more confident than ever.(我用伊夫林·罗斯这个名字——我美丽、精致的中间名，它赢得了周围人的赞扬和称赞。我从未像现在这样自信过。)”可知，作者在青少年时期使用中间名时因获得认可而感到自信且满意。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“I finally let go of disliking my surname after signing up to the website Ancestry. com. In the past 100 years, roughly 200,000 surnames have disappeared from England and Wales, according to the website. Family trees are littered with surnames that come and go, but mine hangs on. This feels oddly satisfying. (在注册了Ancestry.com网站后，我终于不再讨厌自己的姓氏。根据该网站的数据，在过去 100 年里，英格兰和威尔士大约有 20 万个姓氏消失了。家谱中充斥着各种来来去去的姓氏，但我的姓氏却保留了下来。这让人感到一种莫名的满足。)”可知，作者通过网站了解到姓氏历经百年未消失的历史传承，从而对其产生自豪感。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“When our son arrived last summer, we decided on a double-barrelled (由两部分组成的) surname, honoring both sides of his heritage (传承). “Worman” will, hopefully, stand the test of another generation. (去年夏天我们的儿子出生后，我们决定采用双姓，以纪念他来自父母双方的传承。希望“Worman”这个姓氏能经得起下一代的考验。)”可知，作者为儿子选择复姓的决定，体现了对家族传承的尊重和延续姓氏的期望。故选B项。 D The world’s largest ever digital camera has become operational in the Andes in Chile — a less populated nation with high altitude and dry climates chosen by scientists from the U. S. National Science Foundation. The LSST-Large Synoptic Survey Telescope camera-was funded by U. S. government agencies. The enormous device was installed (安装) in the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in the South American nation. The camera is the size of a small car and weighs 2,721 kg. It has a massive 3-billion-pixel (像素) sensor. In comparison, today’s iPhone 6s cameras have 200 million pixels. The Department of Energy’s Office of Science commented on how momentous the completion of the telescope was. It called the camera “a great success of science and engineering”. It added, “We look forward to seeing the unprecedented (前所未有的) images this camera will produce.” Astronomers will now start a period of testing and will repeatedly scan the sky to take time-lapse (微速摄影的) images of space. The project is to conduct a 10-year survey of the southern hemisphere (半球) skies that will deliver a 200-petabyte (拍字节) set of images and data products. Basically, what the camera will do is record the entire visible nighttime sky twice a week, taking over 800 panoramic (全景的) images during each of those nights. An animated 3D map of the Universe will be made from these captures. The details the 3D map provides will allow scientists a new way to analyze the solar system and to study mysterious dark matter-the invisible substance that makes up a significant portion (部分) of the universe. Lead researcher Aaron Roodman said, “We like to say that we’re going to make, for the first time, a color “movie” of the entire Southern Hemisphere sky, enabling unique and powerful studies of objects that move or change in brightness” In particular, he added, “The camera will be bound to capture images that throw light on how galaxies (星系) formed. In addition, it will map out Milky Way galaxy in greater detail than ever before.” The LSST data will be open to the public and scientists around the world-anyone with a Web browser will be able to access the images and other data produced by the LSST. 12. Which of the following was not the reason why the camera was installed in Chile? A. Small population. B. High altitude. C. Little rain. D. Hilly land. 13. What can we learn from the figures in Paragraph 3? A. The possible achievements the LSST may make. B. The potential difficulties the LSST will have. C. The differences from traditional cameras. D. The odd-looking appearance of the camera. 14. What does the underlined word “momentous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Significant. B. Demanding. C. Unexpected. D. Challenging. 15. What does Aaron Roodman’s words mean? A. The LSST will be applied to the production of color movies. B. The LSST will enable scientists to see clearly the objects’ movements. C. The LSST will hopefully help galaxies to form quickly. D. The LSST will map out Milky Way galaxy for the first time. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了世界上最大的数码相机在智利安第斯山脉投入使用，该相机由美国国家科学基金会的科学家选择，因其人口稀少、海拔高和气候干燥。这台相机将被用于一项为期10年的南半球天空调查，将产生前所未有的图像和数据产品。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The world’s largest ever digital camera has become operational in the Andes in Chile — a less populated nation with high altitude and dry climates chosen by scientists from the U. S. National Science Foundation.(世界上最大的数码相机已经在智利的安第斯山脉投入使用，这是由美国国家科学基金会的科学家选择的一个人口稀少、海拔高、气候干燥的国家。)”可知，人口稀少、海拔高和气候干燥是相机安装在智利的原因，而丘陵地带不是相机安装在智利的原因。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Astronomers will now start a period of testing and will repeatedly scan the sky to take time-lapse (微速摄影的) images of space. The project is to conduct a 10-year survey of the southern hemisphere (半球) skies that will deliver a 200-petabyte (拍字节) set of images and data products. Basically, what the camera will do is record the entire visible nighttime sky twice a week, taking over 800 panoramic (全景的) images during each of those nights. An animated 3D map of the Universe will be made from these captures. The details the 3D map provides will allow scientists a new way to analyze the solar system and to study mysterious dark matter-the invisible substance that makes up a significant portion (部分) of the universe.(天文学家现在将开始一段测试期，并反复扫描天空，拍摄太空的延时图像。该项目将对南半球天空进行为期10年的调查，将提供一套200拍字节的图像和数据产品。基本上，这台相机将每周两次记录整个可见的夜空，每晚拍摄800多张全景图像。根据这些拍摄内容，将制作一个宇宙的动画3D地图。3D地图提供的细节将使科学家能够以一种新的方式分析太阳系，并研究神秘的暗物质——这种不可见的物质构成了宇宙的很大一部分。)”可知，第三段中的数字介绍了LSST可能取得的成就。故选A。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“It called the camera “a great success of science and engineering”. It added, “We look forward to seeing the unprecedented (前所未有的) images this camera will produce.”(它称这台相机是“科学与工程领域的一项伟大成功”。该部门补充道：“我们期待看到这台相机将拍摄出前所未有的图像。”)”可知，美国能源部称该相机为科学与工程的重大成功，并期待其前所未有的图像。由此可推断“momentous”意为“重大的、重要的”，与A（Significant）同义。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Lead researcher Aaron Roodman said, “We like to say that we’re going to make, for the first time, a color “movie” of the entire Southern Hemisphere sky, enabling unique and powerful studies of objects that move or change in brightness.”(首席研究员Aaron Roodman说：“我们喜欢说，我们将首次制作整个南半球天空的彩色“电影”，从而能够对运动或亮度变化的物体进行独特而有力的研究。”)”可知，Aaron Roodman的话的意思是LSST将使科学家能够清楚地看到物体的运动。故选B。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all encountered a “know-it-all” — someone who eagerly lectures on any topic, regardless of expertise (专长), often frustrating those who actually know better. ____16____ One explanation is “naive realism”, the idea that people naturally believe their view of the world reflects objective truth. In reality, all perceptions (看法) are shaped by personal biases (偏见), memories and emotions, creating a unique perspective for each individual. Yet many fail to recognize this, assuming that anyone who sees things differently is simply wrong. ____17____ Another potential cognitive (认知的) biases at work is the “illusion (错觉) of information adequacy (恰当)’. ____18____ For instance, someone who sees a classmate avoiding sports might assume they’re just lazy, without considering other reasons, such as an injury. This illusion leads some to believe they know more than they actually do. There is also the Dunning-Kruger effect. This cognitive bias suggests that people with limited knowledge in an area tend to overestimate their expertise. ____19____ As a result, they may confidently argue their points, even against experts. ____20____ Expressing opinions can be a way of establishing superiority (优越感) and a sense of dominance in social settings. Ultimately, a know-it-all’s behavior may come from a combination of biases and social needs. Ironically, to become a know-it-all, one must truly know too little. A. The lack of insight prevents them recognizing when others have more knowledge than them. B. However, these individuals often feel a responsibility to educate others. C. Some people might also driven by a need for status or control. D. This concept describes how people often feel confident in their judgements. E. This tendency to voice opinions can create tension. F. This belief becomes an urge to “correct” others, even if the intention is genuine. G. But why do some people assume they know more about every subject than anyone else? 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了有些人认为自己“无所不知”背后的一些原因。 【16题详解】 上文“We’ve all encountered a “know-it-all” — someone who eagerly lectures on any topic, regardless of expertise (专长), often frustrating those who actually know better.(我们都遇到过“无所不知”的人——不管专业知识如何，他们总是热衷于就任何话题发表演讲，常常让那些真正懂得更多的人感到沮丧)”提到一些“无所不知”的人，他们不管专业知识如何总是热衷于发表演讲，下文对此具体解释了一些原因，G项“但是为什么有些人认为他们比其他人更了解每一门学科呢？”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Yet many fail to recognize this, assuming that anyone who sees things differently is simply wrong.(然而，许多人没有认识到这一点，认为任何持不同观点的人都是错的)”可知，“朴素实在论”的人认为持不同看法的人是错的，F项“这种信念变成了一种‘纠正’他人的冲动，即使意图是真诚的”承接上文，认为别人是错的，所以想“纠正”别人，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Another potential cognitive (认知的) biases at work is the ‘illusion (错觉) of information adequacy (恰当)’.(另一个潜在的认知偏差是‘信息充足的错觉’)”可知，本段提到“信息充足的错觉”，D项“这个概念描述了人们对自己的判断有多么自信”进一步解释该概念，后文例子“For instance, someone who sees a classmate avoiding sports might assume they’re just lazy, without considering other reasons, such as an injury. This illusion leads some to believe they know more than they actually do.(例如，有人看到同学逃避运动，可能会认为他们只是懒惰，而不会考虑其他原因，比如受伤。这种错觉导致一些人相信他们知道的比实际要多)”进一步佐证，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“This cognitive bias suggests that people with limited knowledge in an area tend to overestimate their expertise.(这种认知偏差表明，在某一领域知识有限的人往往会高估自己的专业知识)”和下文“As a result, they may confidently argue their points, even against experts.(因此，他们可以自信地论证自己的观点，甚至反对专家)”可知，在某一领域知识有限的人往往会高估自己的专业知识，他们可以自信地论证自己的观点，甚至反对专家，A项“缺乏洞察力使他们无法意识到别人比他们更有知识”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Expressing opinions can be a way of establishing superiority (优越感) and a sense of dominance in social settings.(表达意见可以成为在社会环境中建立优越感和控制感的一种方式)”可知，本段介绍的原因是为了建立优越感和控制感而表达意见，C项“有些人也可能受到地位或控制需求的驱使”符合语境，故选C。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up, I remember that I liked to stroll (溜达) through make-up convenient store. Everything on ____21____ made me curious. The little brushes and powder could give people ____22____ creativity. I found them interesting, but I never wanted them ____23____ I saw the eye creams, particularly the dark circle (黑眼圈) corrector. This was the first time I began to question my appearance. Why was something I never really noticed as a bad thing beforehand suddenly in need of correcting and ____24____? And thus I began my ____25____ of attempting to hide my natural face. If I didn’t have the time to ____26____ make-up underneath (在……下面) my eyes, I would wear glasses. One time, I stared at my circles in the mirror with contempt (轻蔑) because a man said dark circles were ugly. Another time, I woke up and looked in the mirror and for some reason I didn’t ____27____ the circles that morning and I decided to go to work without make-up, only to run to the ____28____ and pull out my “emergency kit” when a colleague said I looked tired and asked if I was feeling sick. Ironically (讽刺的是), because of her seemingly harmless ____29____, I felt sick and tired. I started to wonder what else people didn’t like on my face. Did the small freckles under my right eye _____30_____ anyone? If people get _____31_____ enough, will they notice the small chip (豁口) in my tooth? It reached the point where every part of me deserved _____32_____ — even the parts I once loved. In order to _____33_____ this feeling of self-dislike, I compile (编写) a list of all the things I hated about myself. This first thing I wrote down: dark circles. That was where all things started, and it should also be the _____34_____. I’ve decided to view these circles as the moon under my eyes, as a mysterious coating around the window of my soul. So, to anyone who balks (畏缩) at their imperfections-the one eyebrow that is higher than the other; the scar on their forehead that has not healed (治愈) _____35_____ — they should know that imperfection is perfection. Still, you can be the detective, the magician and the artist, just by being yourself. Darling, love your dark circles. 21. A. trial B. board C. display D. watch 22. A. boundless B. stable C. relevant D. consistent 23. A. until B. when C. after D. since 24. A. rubbing B. covering C. decreasing D. enlarging 25. A. career B. horizon C. imitation D. journey 26. A. put on B. take off C. set up D. give away 27. A. overlook B. care C. insist D. hate 28. A. courtyard B. basement C. office D. bathroom 29. A. appreciation B. comments C. objection D. interests 30. A. bother B. dominate C. boost D. polish 31. A. decent B. tight C. close D. precise 32. A. assessment B. recognition C. criticism D. celebration 33. A. enhance B. remove C. improve D. seek 34. A. potential B. end C. process D. outcome 35. A. gently B. artificially C. roughly D. properly 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者因黑眼圈矫正产品开始容貌焦虑，最终学会接纳不完美自我转变。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：陈列的一切都让我好奇。A. trial试验；B. board木板；C. display陈列；D. watch手表。根据上文的“Growing up, I remember that I liked to stroll through make-up convenient store.”可知，在化妆品店中“陈列”的商品引发作者的好奇，on display意为“陈列”。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小刷子和粉饼能赋予人们无限的创造力。A. boundless无限的；B. stable稳定的；C. relevant相关的；D. consistent一致的。根据常识和下文的“creativity”可知，化妆品能激发“无限的”创意。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我觉得它们很有趣，但直到看到眼霜，尤其是黑眼圈矫正产品，才想要它们。A. until直到；B. when当……时；C. after在……之后；D. since自从。根据上文的“I never wanted them”及下文的“saw the eye creams”可知，此处指的是“直到”看到黑眼圈产品，作者才产生购买欲。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么以前从未觉得是不好的东西突然需要矫正和遮盖？A. rubbing摩擦；B. covering遮盖；C. decreasing减少；D. enlarging扩大。根据下文的“And thus I began my ____5____ of attempting to hide my natural face.”可知，作者尝试掩盖自己自然的面容，由此可知，此处指的是黑眼圈需要“遮盖”，符合语境。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我开始了试图隐藏自然面容的旅程。A. career职业；B. horizon视野；C. imitation模仿；D. journey旅程。根据下文的“attempting to hide my natural face”可知，作者开始尝试掩盖自己自然的面容，由此可推断，此处指的是一段自我否定的“旅程”符合语境。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果没时间在眼下涂化妆品，我就戴眼镜。A. put on涂抹；B. take off取下；C. set up建立；D. give away赠送。根据下文的“I would wear glasses.”可知，作者戴眼镜是为了掩盖自己的黑眼圈，结合“underneath (在……下面) my eyes”可知，在眼睛下面应该是“涂抹”化妆品。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次早上我看着镜中的黑眼圈，不知为何并不在意，决定素颜上班。A. overlook忽视；B. care在意；C. insist坚持；D. hate讨厌。根据下文的“and I decided to go to work without make-up”可知，作者决定没有化妆就去上班，由此可推断，此处指的是作者当时没有“在意”黑眼圈。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同事说我看起来累，问是否生病，我却跑到洗手间拿出“应急包”。A. courtyard庭院；B. basement地下室；C. office办公室；D. bathroom洗手间。根据下文的“and pull out my “emergency kit” when a colleague said I looked tired and asked if I was feeling sick.”可知，当同事说作者看起来憔悴，所以作者去“洗手间”补妆。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：讽刺的是，因为她看似无害的评论，我感到身心俱疲。A. appreciation欣赏；B. comments评论；C. objection反对；D. interests兴趣。根据上文的“when a colleague said I looked tired and asked if I was feeling sick.”可知，同事的话属于“评论”。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：右眼下方的小雀斑会打扰别人吗？A. bother困扰，打扰；B. dominate支配；C. boost促进；D. polish润色。根据上文的“I started to wonder what else people didn’t like on my face.”可知，作者想知道别人对自己的面容有什么不满意的地方，由此可推断，此处表示作者担心雀斑“打扰”他人。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果人们离得足够近，会注意到我牙齿的豁口吗？A. decent体面的；B. tight紧的；C. close近的；D. precise精确的。根据下文的“will they notice the small chip (豁口) in my tooth?”可知，人们要发现牙齿豁口需“近”距离。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至发展到我身体的每个部分都该被批判——包括曾经热爱的部分。A. assessment评估；B. recognition认可；C. criticism批判；D. celebration庆祝。根据语境和上文的“I started to wonder what else people didn’t like on my face.”可知，作者想知道别人对自己的脸有什么不满意的地方，结合下文的“even the parts I once loved.”可知，甚至作者对自己曾经热爱的部分都担心有人不满意，由此可知，作者陷入过度自我“批判”的状态。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了消除这种自我厌恶感，我列了一张讨厌自己的清单。A. enhance增强；B. remove消除；C. improve改善；D. seek寻求。根据下文的“I compile (编写) a list of all the things I hated about myself.”以及“I’ve decided to view these circles as the moon under my eyes, as a mysterious coating around the window of my soul.”可知，作者列出对自己讨厌的所有事物的清单，并且把黑眼圈看作眼下的月亮，由此可推断，此处指的是为了“消除”负面情绪。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：黑眼圈是一切的起点，也该是终点。A. potential潜力；B. end终点；C. process过程；D. outcome结果。根据上文的“That was where all things started”以及下文的“I’ve decided to view these circles as the moon under my eyes”可知，作者认为自我否定起点是黑眼圈，所以，此处指的是决定让对黑眼圈的焦虑成为自我否定的“终点”与上文呼应。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：额头上未完全愈合的疤痕——他们应该知道不完美即完美。A. gently温柔地；B. artificially人为地；C. roughly粗略地；D. properly完全地。根据上文的“the scar on their forehead that has not healed”以及下文的“they should know that imperfection is perfection.”可知，他们应该知道不完美就是完美，由此可推断，此处指的是疤痕未“完全”愈合。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共55分） 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to Hong Kong’s MTR Corporation, cats and dogs will be allowed on Hong Kong’s light rail trains on weekends and holidays, ____36____ (start) from May 1. This is ____37____ test run that will last for two months, during ____38____ period people can bring their cats or dogs on light rail trains if they purchase a ____39____ (month) electronic pass for HK $99 (about 93 yuan). The pass allows each pet owners to bring only one pet for unlimited ____40____ (ride) on weekends and public holidays, but pet owners still need to pay for their own tickets. They must also make sure their pets are kept in a fully enclosed carrier or backpack with no heads or tails ____41____ (expose) outside throughout the journey. Pet owners can only use the last door of the light rail train ____42____ must stay at the back of the compartment (车厢) for the entire ride. MTR emphasizes mutual respect among passengers, urging pet owners to ____43____ (responsible) manage their animals. According to MTR Corporation, a leading public transport operator in Hong Kong, the policy ____44____ (mean) to balance the growing demand ____45____ pet-friendly travel with public transport safety and hygiene (卫生) standards. The pilot program, if successful, could pave the way for broader pet-friendly policies in public transport. 【答案】36. starting 37. a 38. which 39. monthly 40. rides 41. exposed 42. and 43. responsibly 44. is meant 45. for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了香港地铁公司（MTR Corporation）的一项新政策，即从5月1日起，在周末和节假日允许乘客携带猫和狗乘坐香港的轻轨列车。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：香港地铁公司表示，从5月1日起，周末和节假日，香港的轻轨列车将允许猫和狗乘坐。句中谓语是will be allowed，空格处用非谓语动词，空前描述的事情和start之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填starting。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是一个为期两个月的试运行，在此期间，如果人们购买每月99港元（约合93元人民币）的电子通行证，就可以带着他们的猫或狗乘坐轻轨列车。test run是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，test是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这是一个为期两个月的试运行，在此期间，如果人们购买每月99港元（约合93元人民币）的电子通行证，就可以带着他们的猫或狗乘坐轻轨列车。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词two months是时间段，因此空格处用which，故填which。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是一个为期两个月的试运行，在此期间，如果人们购买每月99港元（约合93元人民币）的电子通行证，就可以带着他们的猫或狗乘坐轻轨列车。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰electronic pass，month的形容词是monthly，意为“每月的”，故填monthly。 【40题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：该通行证允许每个宠物主人在周末和公众假期只携带一只宠物，但宠物主人仍然需要自己支付门票。ride此处作可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，故填rides。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还必须确保他们的宠物被养在一个完全封闭的载体或背包里，在整个旅程中没有头或尾巴暴露在外面。此处是with复合结构，heads or tails和expose之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填exposed。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：宠物主人只能使用轻轨列车的最后一扇门，并且在整个旅程中必须呆在车厢的后面。“can only use the last door of the light rail train”和“must stay at the back of the compartment”之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：铁强调乘客之间的相互尊重，呼吁宠物主人负责任地管理他们的动物。空格处用副词responsibly修饰动词manage，responsibly意为“负责任地”，故填responsibly。 【44题详解】 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：香港主要的公共交通运营商港铁公司表示，该政策旨在平衡日益增长的宠物友好出行需求与公共交通安全和卫生标准。be meant to do是固定短语，意为“意在做某事”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the policy是单数，因此空格处是is meant，故填is meant。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：香港主要公共交通运营商港铁公司表示，该政策旨在平衡日益增长的宠物友好出行需求与公共交通安全和卫生标准。the demand for sth.是固定短语，意为“对某物的需求”，因此空格处是介词for，故填for。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是中学生李华，上周五你校学生会举行了一次主题为“AI Technology Tomorrow”的讨论会(forum)，请你为学校英文网站写一篇报道，介绍活动详情，内容包括： 1. 讨论会的时间、地点及参与人员； 2. 参与讨论者的观点； 3. 活动的意义。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 AI Technology Tomorrow ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】AI Technology Tomorrow Last Friday, the Student Union of our school held a forum on “AI Technology Tomorrow” in the school hall. All the students and teachers interested in AI participated. During the forum, some thought AI would bring great convenience to our lives, such as making daily tasks more efficient and providing personalized services, while others worried about potential risks like job displacement and privacy issues. This activity was meaningful as it broadened our horizons and encouraged us to think about the future of AI technology. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为学校英文网站写一篇报道，介绍“AI Technology Tomorrow”讨论会的活动详情。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 任务：task → mission/assignment 提供：provide → offer 问题：issue → problem 拓宽：broaden → widen/enlarge 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Friday, the Student Union of our school held a forum on “AI Technology Tomorrow” in the school hall. 拓展句：Last Friday, the Student Union of our school held a forum on “AI Technology Tomorrow” in the school hall, which attracted a lot of attention. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] During the forum, some thought AI would bring great convenience to our lives, such as making daily tasks more efficient and providing personalized services, while others worried about potential risks like job displacement and privacy issues. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型 2] This activity was meaningful as it broadened our horizons and encouraged us to think about the future of AI technology. (运用了从属连词 as 引导的原因状语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Where Beauty Lies The backyard of the house we lived in, for some reason, attracted abandoned and homeless pets in the area, and at night, Grandpa would fill six plates with leftover food and some cheap cat food and take them out to the backyard to feed the pets. Sometimes there was even a stray (走失的) dog or two, It they were tamed (驯服), Grandpa would try to find homes for them. One day, when I came home from school, I was surprised to see Grandma sitting alone drinking coffee. “Where’s Grandpa?” I asked. “Oh, he’s in the basement working on an old stray cat. The cat is badly burned, but you know your grandpa. He’s determined to cure that old cat.” I headed for the basement and hurried over to see if I could help. Grandpa turned to me and managed a weak smile. “Not very pretty, is he?” he said softly. I couldn’t answer. I had never seen anything so horrible. The cat’s face was badly burned and his tail was missing. The cat just lay trembling in Grandpa’s arms. “Is he going to die?” I whispered. “Not if I can help him,” Grandpa said with tears in his eyes. “Grandpa, even if he lives, he’s going to be so ugly,” I said. “So what?” Grandpa said harshly. “Would you love me less if I were burned and became ugly?” “Of course not,” I stammered (结结巴巴地说) . “Are you sure?” he asked and stared at me. “You know, I’ve always been told not to judge a book by its cover. Do you know what that mean?” “Yes. But Mom always wants me to look pretty,” I argued. “All the most popular people at school are pretty.” “That’s for now,” he explained. “Now is what young people think about, but now isn’t all there is to life. Animals don’t care who’s popular and who’s not. What animals care about is staying warm in the winter and cool in the summer, and food to keep them from being hungry.” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 For the next month, Grandpa and I took care of the injured cat every day. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks to that cat, he changed my attitude to life. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 For the next month, Grandpa and I took care of the injured cat every day. We cleaned his wounds gently, applied medicine, and fed him with a dropper. Gradually, the cat started to improve. He began to purr softly when Grandpa stroked his fur, and his eyes, though still a bit cloudy, showed signs of life. I found myself looking forward to our daily sessions, even though the cat’s appearance was still far from pretty. Grandpa’s unwavering dedication taught me that beauty wasn’t just skin deep; it was in the kindness and care we showed to others. Thanks to that cat, he changed my attitude to life. I realized that true beauty lay not in outward appearances but in the qualities of kindness, empathy, and compassion. I stopped worrying so much about what others thought of me and started focusing more on being a good person. I learned to appreciate the simple things in life, like the warmth of a smile or the sound of a cat’s purr. That old stray cat, once so battered and burned, became a symbol of hope and resilience in my heart, reminding me that even in the darkest of times, there was always light to be found. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者和爷爷救助一只被严重烧伤的流浪猫，并通过这一经历改变了作者对美的看法的故事。 【详解】段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在接下来的一个月里，爷爷和我每天都在照顾受伤的猫。”可知，第一段可描写作者和爷爷如何照顾这只受伤的猫，以及在这个过程中作者对美的观念开始发生变化。 ②由第二段首句内容“多亏了那只猫，他改变了我对生活的态度。”可知，第二段可描写作者因为这只猫而改变了对生活的态度，开始更加关注内在美，并学会了欣赏生活中的简单事物。 2.续写线索： 救助受伤猫咪 ——每日护理细节——猫咪状态改 ——作者的观念动摇——理解内在美的意义——价值观的转变——猫咪成为生命启示 3.词汇积累 行为类 ①上药：apply medicine/put on medicine/administered medication ②专注：focus on/concentrate on/pay attention to ③欣赏：appreciate/admire 情绪类 ①奉献：dedication→commitment ②希望：hope/optimism/aspiration 【点睛】 【高分句型1】He began to purr softly when Grandpa stroked his fur, and his eyes, though still a bit cloudy, showed signs of life.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】I realized that true beauty lay not in outward appearances but in the qualities of kindness, empathy, and compassion.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 滨城高中联盟2024—2025学年度下学期高二5月期中考试 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。 2. 本试卷共分四部分，总分150分，考试时间为120分钟。 第I卷（选择题共95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，20题；每小题1.5分；满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：ow much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a cinema. B. In a restaurant. C. On a train. 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Have an interview. B. Have a meeting. C. Have a party. 3. What does the woman want to do? A. Read books. B. Borrow books. C. Return books. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A scenic area. B. An animal. C. A story. 5. What does the man think of his holiday? A. Tiring. B. Enjoyable. C. Boring. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7小题。 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Travelling. B. Working. C. Exercising. 7. How does the woman feel about the rain? A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Desperate. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。 8. What does Mrs. White ask Peter to do? A. Clean the floor. B. Lock up. C. Turn off the light. 9. What does the man plan to do after locking up? A. To hang out with friends. B. To go back to his apartment. C. To walk around the city. 10. What will Mrs. White do next? A. Drive Peter back to his apartment. B. Leave Peter alone in the restaurant. C. Have dinner together with Peter at her home. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11. Why does the woman think it costs more to host the Winter Olympics? A. There are too many competitors. B. The cold weather may cause problems. C. The games are too challenging. 12. What winter sport does the man like? A. Freestyle skiing. B. Figure skating. C. Snowboarding. 13. What does the man think of Gu Ailing? A. Talented. B. Skillful. C. Hard-working. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17小题。 14. Where did the woman go on her last day in Vancouver? A. To a park. B. To a mountain C. To a memorial. 15. What did the woman do on the ferry to the island? A. She took photos. B. She read magazines. C. She stayed inside 16. What do we know about the city of Victoria? A. There are many British people. B. People there usually have afternoon tea. C. It’s not suitable for sightseeing there. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Fellow travelers. C. Co-workers. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20小题。 18. What does the speaker talk about? A. Some expressions related to monkeys. B. People’s impression of monkeys. C. Some features of monkeys. 19. Which expression can be used for children having a pillow fight? A. A barrel of monkeys. B. Monkey around. C. Monkey business. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Taking a lesson. C. Making a speech. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，20小题；每小题2.5分；满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Places Named After Scientists in Antarctica There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named for. Jones Terrace The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering (风化作用) in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-covered lakes. Mount Fiennes 8 202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island-Alexander Island-is named for Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio tower in the Antarctic. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region. Francis Peak The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does. Peden Cliffs Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio waves spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. 1. Which place is named after a builder of radio towers in the Antarctic? A. Jones Terrace. B. Francis Peak. C. Peden Cliffs. D. Mount Fiennes 2. What did Dame Jane Francis do in Antarctica? A. She directed a film called the British Antarctic Survey. B. She made some chemical analyses of rocks she collected. C. She helped prove the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic. D. She spent extended time in Antarctica collecting fossils. 3. What is special about Irene Peden? A. She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctica. B. She was the first female scientist to explore the Antarctic. C. She could judge the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. D. She correctly measured the spreading speed of radio waves. B Throughout history, the natural world has served as an extraordinary source of inspiration for human creativity and technological advancement. Scientists and engineers are increasingly turning to biological systems for solutions to modern challenges and complex problems. This field, known as biomimicry, highlights how observing and imitating nature’s time-tested patterns can lead to groundbreaking innovations. Recent studies witness some marvelous breakthroughs in technology, medicine and sustainable development thanks to mother nature. One remarkable example comes from the Shinkansen Bullet Train in Japan. Engineers faced the challenge of reducing noise when the train exited tunnels, and they found their solution in the kingfisher birds. By mimicking the bird’s streamlined beak (喙), they redesigned the train’s nose, making it faster, quieter, and more energy-efficient. Similarly, the microscopic (细微的) structure of butterfly wings, which creates changeable colors without pigments (色素), has inspired new anti--counterfeiting (反伪造) technologies for banknotes, Even the humble lotus leaf, from which water drops with the dirt on it, has inspired self-cleaning coatings for buildings and fabrics (织物) in need of minimal maintenance. Medical researchers have also benefited from nature’s wisdom. The gecko’s (壁虎) ability to climb walls led to the development of advanced medical glues that can bind tissues without harmful chemicals. The unique properties of shark skin, which resists bacterial growth, are now being used to create bacteria-resistant surface for hospitals. Meanwhile, the extraordinary strength of spider silk, even stronger than steel, is guiding the creation of new synthetic (合成的) materials for protective clothing and surgical sutures (缝线). Nature’s wisdom is a testament to the power of observation and a reminder that the best ideas may already exist in the world around us. However, scientists warn that this invaluable source of inspiration is under threat. As biodiversity declines at an alarming rate, we risk losing potential solutions before they can be discovered. “Every species that disappears takes with it millions of years of evolutionary knowledge,” notes Dr. Rachel Wong, a leading biomimicry researcher. “Protecting nature isn’t just about conservation — it’s about preserving the very blueprint for our future innovations.” So it’s time for us to protect ecosystems, ensuring that nature continues to fuel human creativity for generations to come. 4. What is the main focus of the passage? A. The economic values of natural resources. B. The conservation of endangered species. C. The natural inspiration for technological advances. D. The potential of human technological advances. 5. What special feature about lotus leaf contributes to humans’ creativity? A Its humble appearance. B. Its capacity to clean itself. C. Its low maintenance cost. D. Its economic values. 6. What concern do scientists express in the passage? A. Potential loss of biological inspiration due to extinction. B Limited applications of biomimicry in other fields. C. Difficulty in observing nature’s phenomena. D. Lack. of support and funding from government. 7. How will you describe Dr. Wong’s attitude to nature’s value in human creativity? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Pessimistic. C “Wormy! Wormy! Come here, Wormy!” I’m 7 years old, arms wrapping around my legs, while a group of older kids tease (揶揄) me on the playground with the nickname that would bother me throughout my childhood. The moniker (绰号) came from my surname, Worman (although pronounced “War-mon”, not “Worm-man”, my classmates were not sensitive enough to tell the difference), and the simple act of rescuing a worm from being unceremoniously (粗暴地) cut in half. How clever they must have felt when they put two and two together, and how annoying it was for me. From then on, I disliked my rare surname and the teasing that came with it. According to the Internet Surname Database, Worman originates from the old English term for a skilled craftsman. Another website goes as far as to link its origins to the kings of Mercia. While there don’t seem to be any famous Wormans in recent history, we’re a hardworking group, holding down jobs as butchers, painters and laborers in England since the early 1800s. I suffered through being a Worman as a child, so when Facebook came along in my teens, I saw it as a chance to reinvent myself. I went by Evelyn Rose-my pretty, delicate middle name that drew praise and compliments from those around me. I felt more confident than ever. After university, however, I became less critical of my surname. Meeting students from different backgrounds helped shift my perspective (观点); I came across surnames far more wonderful and unusual than mine. Laughing with others about the uniqueness of our names became a surprising source of connection. I finally let go of disliking my surname after signing up to the website Ancestry. com. In the past 100 years, roughly 200,000 surnames have disappeared from England and Wales, according to the website. Family trees are littered with surnames that come and go, but mine hangs on. This feels oddly satisfying. Worman is mine, It’s not “pretty”, but it’s memorable — and it’s survived. Now married and in my early 30s, I’ve become fiercely protective of my surname. When our son arrived last summer, we decided on a double-barrelled (由两部分组成的) surname, honoring both sides of his heritage (传承). “Worman” will, hopefully, stand the test of another generation. 8. Why did the author dislike her surname as a child? A. It was hard to pronounce. B. It had an ordinary origin. C. It means something she disliked. D. It led to constant teasing. 9. How did the author feel about using her middle name in her teens? A. Ashamed. B. Embarrassed. C. Regretful, D. Satisfied. 10. What led the author to develop a sense of pride in her surname? A. Learning about its history in a website. B. Receiving encouragement from her friends. C. Meeting people from diverse backgrounds. D. Becoming more socially confident. 11. What does the author’s decision about her son’s surname suggest? A. A fear of losing her identity. B. A respect for her family’s heritage. C. A rejection of past criticism. D. A desire to promote her surname. D The world’s largest ever digital camera has become operational in the Andes in Chile — a less populated nation with high altitude and dry climates chosen by scientists from the U. S. National Science Foundation. The LSST-Large Synoptic Survey Telescope camera-was funded by U. S. government agencies. The enormous device was installed (安装) in the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in the South American nation. The camera is the size of a small car and weighs 2,721 kg. It has a massive 3-billion-pixel (像素) sensor. In comparison, today’s iPhone 6s cameras have 200 million pixels. The Department of Energy’s Office of Science commented on how momentous the completion of the telescope was. It called the camera “a great success of science and engineering”. It added, “We look forward to seeing the unprecedented (前所未有的) images this camera will produce.” Astronomers will now start a period of testing and will repeatedly scan the sky to take time-lapse (微速摄影) images of space. The project is to conduct a 10-year survey of the southern hemisphere (半球) skies that will deliver a 200-petabyte (拍字节) set of images and data products. Basically, what the camera will do is record the entire visible nighttime sky twice a week, taking over 800 panoramic (全景的) images during each of those nights. An animated 3D map of the Universe will be made from these captures. The details the 3D map provides will allow scientists a new way to analyze the solar system and to study mysterious dark matter-the invisible substance that makes up a significant portion (部分) of the universe. Lead researcher Aaron Roodman said, “We like to say that we’re going to make, for the first time, a color “movie” of the entire Southern Hemisphere sky, enabling unique and powerful studies of objects that move or change in brightness” In particular, he added, “The camera will be bound to capture images that throw light on how galaxies (星系) formed. In addition, it will map out Milky Way galaxy in greater detail than ever before.” The LSST data will be open to the public and scientists around the world-anyone with a Web browser will be able to access the images and other data produced by the LSST. 12. Which of the following was not the reason why the camera was installed in Chile? A. Small population. B. High altitude. C. Little rain. D. Hilly land. 13. What can we learn from the figures in Paragraph 3? A. The possible achievements the LSST may make. B. The potential difficulties the LSST will have. C. The differences from traditional cameras. D. The odd-looking appearance of the camera. 14. What does the underlined word “momentous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Significant. B. Demanding. C. Unexpected. D. Challenging. 15. What does Aaron Roodman’s words mean? A. The LSST will be applied to the production of color movies. B. The LSST will enable scientists to see clearly the objects’ movements. C. The LSST will hopefully help galaxies to form quickly. D. The LSST will map out Milky Way galaxy for the first time. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all encountered a “know-it-all” — someone who eagerly lectures on any topic, regardless of expertise (专长), often frustrating those who actually know better. ____16____ One explanation is “naive realism” the idea that people naturally believe their view of the world reflects objective truth. In reality, all perceptions (看法) are shaped by personal biases (偏见), memories and emotions, creating a unique perspective for each individual. Yet many fail to recognize this, assuming that anyone who sees things differently is simply wrong. ____17____ Another potential cognitive (认知的) biases at work is the “illusion (错觉) of information adequacy (恰当)’. ____18____ For instance, someone who sees a classmate avoiding sports might assume they’re just lazy, without considering other reasons, such as an injury. This illusion leads some to believe they know more than they actually do. There is also the Dunning-Kruger effect. This cognitive bias suggests that people with limited knowledge in an area tend to overestimate their expertise. ____19____ As a result, they may confidently argue their points, even against experts. ____20____ Expressing opinions can be a way of establishing superiority (优越感) and a sense of dominance in social settings. Ultimately, a know-it-all’s behavior may come from a combination of biases and social needs. Ironically, to become a know-it-all, one must truly know too little. A. The lack of insight prevents them recognizing when others have more knowledge than them. B. However, these individuals often feel a responsibility to educate others. C. Some people might also driven by a need for status or control. D. This concept describes how people often feel confident in their judgements. E. This tendency to voice opinions can create tension. F. This belief becomes an urge to “correct” others, even if the intention is genuine. G. But why do some people assume they know more about every subject than anyone else? 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up, I remember that I liked to stroll (溜达) through make-up convenient store. Everything on ____21____ made me curious. The little brushes and powder could give people ____22____ creativity. I found them interesting, but I never wanted them ____23____ I saw the eye creams, particularly the dark circle (黑眼圈) corrector. This was the first time I began to question my appearance. Why was something I never really noticed as a bad thing beforehand suddenly in need of correcting and ____24____? And thus I began my ____25____ of attempting to hide my natural face. If I didn’t have the time to ____26____ make-up underneath (在……下面) my eyes, I would wear glasses. One time, I stared at my circles in the mirror with contempt (轻蔑) because a man said dark circles were ugly. Another time, I woke up and looked in the mirror and for some reason I didn’t ____27____ the circles that morning and I decided to go to work without make-up, only to run to the ____28____ and pull out my “emergency kit” when a colleague said I looked tired and asked if I was feeling sick. Ironically (讽刺的是), because of her seemingly harmless ____29____, I felt sick and tired. I started to wonder what else people didn’t like on my face. Did the small freckles under my right eye _____30_____ anyone? If people get _____31_____ enough, will they notice the small chip (豁口) in my tooth? It reached the point where every part of me deserved _____32_____ — even the parts I once loved. In order to _____33_____ this feeling of self-dislike, I compile (编写) a list of all the things I hated about myself. This first thing I wrote down: dark circles. That was where all things started, and it should also be the _____34_____. I’ve decided to view these circles as the moon under my eyes, as a mysterious coating around the window of my soul. So, to anyone who balks (畏缩) at their imperfections-the one eyebrow that is higher than the other; the scar on their forehead that has not healed (治愈) _____35_____ — they should know that imperfection is perfection. Still, you can be the detective, the magician and the artist, just by being yourself. Darling, love your dark circles. 21. A. trial B. board C. display D. watch 22. A. boundless B. stable C. relevant D. consistent 23. A. until B. when C. after D. since 24. A. rubbing B. covering C. decreasing D. enlarging 25. A. career B. horizon C. imitation D. journey 26. A. put on B. take off C. set up D. give away 27. A. overlook B. care C. insist D. hate 28. A. courtyard B. basement C. office D. bathroom 29. A. appreciation B. comments C. objection D. interests 30. A. bother B. dominate C. boost D. polish 31. A. decent B. tight C. close D. precise 32. A. assessment B. recognition C. criticism D. celebration 33. A. enhance B. remove C. improve D. seek 34. A. potential B. end C. process D. outcome 35. A. gently B. artificially C. roughly D. properly 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共55分） 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to Hong Kong’s MTR Corporation, cats and dogs will be allowed on Hong Kong’s light rail trains on weekends and holidays, ____36____ (start) from May 1. This is ____37____ test run that will last for two months, during ____38____ period people can bring their cats or dogs on light rail trains if they purchase a ____39____ (month) electronic pass for HK $99 (about 93 yuan). The pass allows each pet owners to bring only one pet for unlimited ____40____ (ride) on weekends and public holidays, but pet owners still need to pay for their own tickets. They must also make sure their pets are kept in a fully enclosed carrier or backpack with no heads or tails ____41____ (expose) outside throughout the journey. Pet owners can only use the last door of the light rail train ____42____ must stay at the back of the compartment (车厢) for the entire ride. MTR emphasizes mutual respect among passengers, urging pet owners to ____43____ (responsible) manage their animals. According to MTR Corporation, a leading public transport operator in Hong Kong, the policy ____44____ (mean) to balance the growing demand ____45____ pet-friendly travel with public transport safety and hygiene (卫生) standards. The pilot program, if successful, could pave the way for broader pet-friendly policies in public transport. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是中学生李华，上周五你校学生会举行了一次主题为“AI Technology Tomorrow”的讨论会(forum)，请你为学校英文网站写一篇报道，介绍活动详情，内容包括： 1. 讨论会的时间、地点及参与人员； 2. 参与讨论者的观点； 3. 活动的意义。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 AI Technology Tomorrow ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Where Beauty Lies The backyard of the house we lived in, for some reason, attracted abandoned and homeless pets in the area, and at night, Grandpa would fill six plates with leftover food and some cheap cat food and take them out to the backyard to feed the pets. Sometimes there was even a stray (走失的) dog or two, It they were tamed (驯服), Grandpa would try to find homes for them. One day, when I came home from school, I was surprised to see Grandma sitting alone drinking coffee. “Where’s Grandpa?” I asked. “Oh, he’s in the basement working on an old stray cat. The cat is badly burned, but you know your grandpa. He’s determined to cure that old cat.” I headed for the basement and hurried over to see if I could help. Grandpa turned to me and managed a weak smile. “Not very pretty, is he?” he said softly. I couldn’t answer. I had never seen anything so horrible. The cat’s face was badly burned and his tail was missing. The cat just lay trembling in Grandpa’s arms. “Is he going to die?” I whispered. “Not if I can help him,” Grandpa said with tears in his eyes. “Grandpa, even if he lives, he’s going to be so ugly,” I said. “So what?” Grandpa said harshly. “Would you love me less if I were burned and became ugly?” “Of course not,” I stammered (结结巴巴地说) . “Are you sure?” he asked and stared at me. “You know, I’ve always been told not to judge a book by its cover. Do you know what that mean?” “Yes. But Mom always wants me to look pretty,” I argued. “All the most popular people at school are pretty.” “That’s for now,” he explained. “Now is what young people think about, but now isn’t all there is to life. Animals don’t care who’s popular and who’s not. What animals care about is staying warm in the winter and cool in the summer, and food to keep them from being hungry.” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 For the next month, Grandpa and I took care of the injured cat every day. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks to that cat, he changed my attitude to life. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$