精品解析：广东省广州中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中英语试题

广州中学2024学年第二学期期中考试 高一英语试卷 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分52.5分) 第一节(共15小题,每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Best English Language Lab Software With technology advancement, digital English language lab software has found its way into the classrooms. There are some great multimedia media language labs available today. Let’s explore the most popular kinds of English language lab software. Spears Language Lab It is designed for students who want to develop excellent English communication skills. They can achieve better results with the in-built practice exercises featured in this software. Plus, it enables teachers to watch and check on each student. Open Sim Open Sim allows the teachers to create an interactive virtual classroom where learners can creatively learn language skills. The software will take you into the world of creative learning, where you will learn things while playing some interesting games. Words Worth This software is suitable for adult language learners. It helps build professional-level skills in the language and allows learners to lay a strong base for wide vocabularies and high levels of spoken English. There are lessons such as pronunciation practice and listening comprehension that provides a professional-level learning experience. ODLL ODLL software is perfect for those who absorb and recall information best by seeing. It is designed especially for cooperative learning. It allows the students to communicate with each other or host a virtual classroom section using the lab setting. The platform offers video streaming facilities from You Tube, DVD, and other digital sources. 1. What can we know about the Spears Language Lab? A. It focuses on improving students’ writing skills. B. It gives students extra practice exercises as a gift. C. It allows teachers to know how well students do. D. It offers the chance to talk with language experts. 2. Who may Words Worth be best suited for? A. Joanna, a 30-year-old woman, who works in a British company. B. Edwin, a 41-year-old man, who wants to go sight-seeing in the UK. C. Annie, a 10-year-old girl, who learns English as a second language. D. Mike, an 18-year-old boy, who has just graduated from high school. 3. What do Open Sim and ODLL have in common? A. Both can create a virtual classroom. B. Both have in-built practice exercises. C. Both require learners to have IT skills. D. Both are designed by the same company. B In my childhood, whenever I was being unreasonable, or questioning whatever direction my mother was giving, she would say “I’m the momma and you’re the baby.” End of discussion. Until one day she asked me to do something for her and I said, “No. You’re the momma; I’m the baby.” It gave her a good laugh. But, at 31, I’m realizing the situation might be changing. She’s the momma; I’m the baby. But I’m also something else now. More will be asked of me to take care of her. My mother is getting older. The realization hit me during a recent visit home. In my memory, our house wasn’t spotless, but I’d call it tidy. Weekends were for cleaning. Yet during this visit I was taken aback by piles upon piles of mail and papers and junk. A fridge full of spoiled food. A mountain of clothes begging to be located. Was it always this way? When did she become a hoarder (囤积者)? A symptom of aging? But my mother would like you to know something: She is not a hoarder. She spoke frankly with more self-awareness than I expected about life and time and happiness. “The time that I have to go through those things would be my weekends. Do I want to spend my Saturday afternoon going through all the junk? Or do I want to go hang out with my friends? I think the latter. I don’t want to spend one minute of my free time doing anything that doesn’t bring me joy,” she says. It’s not that my mother has no worries about aging, but she came to terms with it long before. “Trey, you could spend so much time worrying about things that aren’t perfect. Then time passes by, and they’re never going to be,” she continues. “I think happiness is a moment-to-moment, day-to-day kind of thing. It’s not something you hold on to. I still think I’m cool — that might be in my head, but so what.” 4. What was the author’s tone in his response to Mom in paragraph 1? A. Unwilling. B. Pleased. C. Serious. D. Sympathetic. 5. What made the author think Mom was a hoarder at first? A. Her refusal to donate old stuff. B. The mess in Mom’s house. C. Her preference for an economical life. D. The fading of Mom’s health. 6. Why didn’t Mom tidy the house on weekends? A. She had plans with her friends. B. She was too old to do it on her own. C. She desired a pleasant time for herself. D. She had trouble sorting out the junk. 7. Which of the following may best describe Mom? A. Kind but old-fashioned. B. Confident but untidy. C. Hardworking and funny. D. Positive and adaptable. C Many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, the way we were raised, or some other painful events. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us — believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship. A friend of mine recently told me that she hadn’t spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn’t speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I can’t do that. He’s the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case, when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins. Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff (问题)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn’t mean that you’re wrong. Everything will be fine. You’ll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right. You’ll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right”, they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But, if for some reason they don’t, that’s okay too. You’ll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have don your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you’ll be more peaceful yourself. 8. The underlined word “rekindle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”. A. develop B. recover C. accept D. establish 9. According to the author, we hold on to our anger often because we think ________. A. our own opinions matter most. B. others will be less defensive. C. our positions are higher than others. D. we can turn small issues into big ones. 10. The best thing to do after a quarrel is to ________. A. let go of our own rights B. realize you’re wrong C. expect others to give in D. contact others first 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. We should keep peaceful when facing small stuff. B. We should tell apart small and big stuff in our daily life. C. Reaching out and apologizing wins one peace and happiness. D. It’s necessary for us to enjoy our friendship and family relationship. D Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers (同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning (扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 12. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 13. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C. Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 14. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 15. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D Develop decision-making skills. 第二节(共5小题,每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两个选项为多余选项。 Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. ___16___. In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● ___19___. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分37.5分) 第一节完形填空(共15小题,每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When working in person, most of us have a natural understanding of non-verbal (非语言的) signals. That is to say, all the ways in which we ____21____ work out without words. ____22____, in the digital workspace, this kind of communication can seem less ____23____. Many work ____24____ now happen via online chats, and even video meetings can go ahead with cameras off. Parts of non-verbal communication have always ____25____ outside face-to-face interaction, of course. For example, these unnoticeable ____26____ could begin with a profile picture on your CV (简历); even deciding whether or not to add an emoji (表情图标) in a work group chat can change the ____27____ of the interaction. Yet the new workplace shift in where and how we work has ____28____ the world of non-verbal communication greatly. For instance in video calls, backgrounds can give all sorts of non-verbal ____29____ about co-workers’ lifestyles, _____30_____ and level of professionalism. Let’s say if a co-worker positions the camera below the chin (下巴), _____31_____ others to look up, you begin to dislike him or her, almost _____32_____. Indeed, data have shown that during video calls, factors like camera angles, distance from the camera and ability to make eye contact all _____33_____ how likeable people are noticed to be. In a new world where _____34_____ working is rapidly developing, being willing to engage non-verbally makes it _____35_____ to understand others and to be understood. 21. A. unite B. communicate C. recognize D. assist 22. A. Besides B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore 23. A. important B. separable C. adventurous D. flexible 24. A. conditions B. conversations C. seats D. steps 25. A. survived B. proved C. changed D. existed 26. A. signals B. maps C. journeys D. articles 27. A. thinking B. review C. feel D. study 28. A. quit B. increased C. failed D. reduced 29. A. information B. change C. application D. concern 30. A. meetings B. suggestions C. interests D. videos 31. A. inspiring B. forcing C. permitting D. warning 32. A. continuously B. willingly C. carefully D. immediately 33. A. impact B. complete C. report D. harm 34. A. hard-working B. crazy C. online D. significant 35. A. easier B. harder C. more traditional D. more exciting 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist ____36____ has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province ____37____(know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field, though “protector” is probably a more fitting ____38____(describe). Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University, then as a conservationist when she became the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site ____39____ being destroyed. “It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an ____40____(extreme) weak old person. It has ____41____(variety) illnesses. If you are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,” Fan says. Today, thanks to the work of great ____42____(archaeologist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-preserved collection of Buddhist relics ____43____(date) from the 13th to the 15th centuries. The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across ____44____1,700-metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁画) ____45____ more than 2,000 colourful sculptures. 第三部分 基础知识 (共三节，满分30分) 第一节单词运用(共10小题,每小题1分，满分10分) 用所给词的正确形式填空，每个单词使用一次，每个空只填一个词。 Absorb eager somehow typical principle grateful surround energetic claim seek The Journey of Growth In a ____46____ high school classroom, sunlight streamed through the windows as our physics teacher announced an experiment. The desks, ____47____ by wires and batteries, became our workstations. A group near the back ____48____ the task was too hard, but the teacher encouraged us to keep it up, and we ____49____ answers step by step. I partnered with Li Hua. When the circuit diagrams (电路图) appeared on the screen, I froze--the symbols looked nothing like our textbook examples. ____50____ for her calmness, I focused on connecting wires while she explained the ____51____ of settings. Soon, we were ____52____ in testing different currents, our hands moving ____53____ between tools. A sudden spark! “Loose wire”, Li Hua pointed. I felt ____54____ to fix it, though my fingers shook. As I reconnected the wire, the meter needle (电流表) ____55____ started dancing! Even the doubtful group cheered when they saw our circuits (电路) lit up. After class, the teacher wrote: “Every mistake teaches.” This made me realize: When we face challenges, curiosity guides us forward. 第二节 短语填空 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。 set up tend to to name but a few to be frank take advantage of belong to have something in common 56. That beautiful painting ________ the museum is priceless. 57. The company ________ AI technology over the past decade to automate (自动化) its systems. 58. Despite coming from different backgrounds, they discovered they _______ such as their love for music and traveling. 59. There are many reasons why I love living in Guangzhou-the food, the culture, the night life, _______. 60. He _______ eat more junk food when he feels stressed. 第三节 补全句子 (共5小题,每小题3分，满分15分) 61. 校园吉尼斯活动提供多样的挑战，从一分钟打字到单词背诵比拼。(分词作状语) The Campus Guinness Records event offers________________one-minute typing competition _____________contests. 62. 若你留心观察，便会惊讶地发现，广州是一座历史与现代文化交融的城市。(定语从句) ________________ , you will ________________ that Guangzhou is a city_________________ 63. 新疆宁静的景色与它众多葱郁繁茂的绿洲构成了一幅视觉盛宴--绵延起伏的绿色草场上，成群的牛羊悠然点缀其间。(with复合结构) The ________________ of Xinjiang and its many green lush oases (绿洲) ________________, with its green grasslands ________________. 64. 尽管考试至关重要，林巧稚认为暂停考试去救助他人是一种道德责任。(it作形式宾语) ____________________, Lin Qiaozhi _________________ 65. 国王突然想到他将石头放在路中央很长时间却无人移走，这让他陷入了绝望。 ________________ he ________________ in the middle of the road for a long time and no one had moved it ________________. 第四部分 书面表达(满分25分) 66. 假定你是李华。你的交换生朋友Adam对岭南文化非常感兴趣，计划五一期间来广东进行省内游。请你给他推荐一座城市。 内容包括： 1.推荐的地方； 2.推荐的理由 要求： 1.120词左右； 2.可适当增删细节，使内容连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 广州中学2024学年第二学期期中考试 高一英语试卷 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分52.5分) 第一节(共15小题,每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Best English Language Lab Software With technology advancement, digital English language lab software has found its way into the classrooms. There are some great multimedia media language labs available today. Let’s explore the most popular kinds of English language lab software. Spears Language Lab It is designed for students who want to develop excellent English communication skills. They can achieve better results with the in-built practice exercises featured in this software. Plus, it enables teachers to watch and check on each student. Open Sim Open Sim allows the teachers to create an interactive virtual classroom where learners can creatively learn language skills. The software will take you into the world of creative learning, where you will learn things while playing some interesting games. Words Worth This software is suitable for adult language learners. It helps build professional-level skills in the language and allows learners to lay a strong base for wide vocabularies and high levels of spoken English. There are lessons such as pronunciation practice and listening comprehension that provides a professional-level learning experience. ODLL ODLL software is perfect for those who absorb and recall information best by seeing. It is designed especially for cooperative learning. It allows the students to communicate with each other or host a virtual classroom section using the lab setting. The platform offers video streaming facilities from You Tube, DVD, and other digital sources. 1. What can we know about the Spears Language Lab? A. It focuses on improving students’ writing skills. B. It gives students extra practice exercises as a gift. C. It allows teachers to know how well students do. D. It offers the chance to talk with language experts. 2. Who may Words Worth be best suited for? A. Joanna, a 30-year-old woman, who works in a British company. B. Edwin, a 41-year-old man, who wants to go sight-seeing in the UK. C. Annie, a 10-year-old girl, who learns English as a second language. D. Mike, an 18-year-old boy, who has just graduated from high school. 3. What do Open Sim and ODLL have in common? A. Both can create a virtual classroom. B. Both have in-built practice exercises. C. Both require learners to have IT skills. D. Both are designed by the same company. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四款最流行的英语语言实验室软件。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Spears Language Lab部分中“Plus, it enables teachers to watch and check on each student. (此外，它还使教师能够观察和检查每个学生)”可知，Spears Language Lab可以让教师了解学生的表现。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Words Worth部分中“This software is suitable for adult language learners. It helps build professional-level skills in the language and allows learners to lay a strong base for wide vocabularies and high levels of spoken English. There are lessons such as pronunciation practice and listening comprehension that provides a professional-level learning experience.(该软件适用于成人语言学习者。它有助于培养专业水平的语言技能，并使学习者为广泛的词汇量和高水平的英语口语奠定坚实的基础。有发音练习和听力理解等课程可以提供专业水平的学习体验)”可知，Words Worth可以为成人语言学习者提供专业水平的学习体验，所以可能适合在一家英国公司工作的30岁女性乔安娜。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Open Sim部分中“Open Sim allows the teachers to create an interactive virtual classroom where learners can creatively learn language skills. (Open Sim允许教师创建一个交互式虚拟课堂，学习者可以在这里创造性地学习语言技能)”以及ODLL部分中“It allows the students to communicate with each other or host a virtual classroom section using the lab setting. (它允许学生之间相互交流，或使用实验室设置主持虚拟课堂)”可知，Open Sim和ODLL的共同之处是两者都可以创建虚拟课堂。故选A。 B In my childhood, whenever I was being unreasonable, or questioning whatever direction my mother was giving, she would say “I’m the momma and you’re the baby.” End of discussion. Until one day she asked me to do something for her and I said, “No. You’re the momma; I’m the baby.” It gave her a good laugh. But, at 31, I’m realizing the situation might be changing. She’s the momma; I’m the baby. But I’m also something else now. More will be asked of me to take care of her. My mother is getting older. The realization hit me during a recent visit home. In my memory, our house wasn’t spotless, but I’d call it tidy. Weekends were for cleaning. Yet during this visit I was taken aback by piles upon piles of mail and papers and junk. A fridge full of spoiled food. A mountain of clothes begging to be located. Was it always this way? When did she become a hoarder (囤积者)? A symptom of aging? But my mother would like you to know something: She is not a hoarder. She spoke frankly with more self-awareness than I expected about life and time and happiness. “The time that I have to go through those things would be my weekends. Do I want to spend my Saturday afternoon going through all the junk? Or do I want to go hang out with my friends? I think the latter. I don’t want to spend one minute of my free time doing anything that doesn’t bring me joy,” she says. It’s not that my mother has no worries about aging, but she came to terms with it long before. “Trey, you could spend so much time worrying about things that aren’t perfect. Then time passes by, and they’re never going to be,” she continues. “I think happiness is a moment-to-moment, day-to-day kind of thing. It’s not something you hold on to. I still think I’m cool — that might be in my head, but so what.” 4. What was the author’s tone in his response to Mom in paragraph 1? A. Unwilling. B. Pleased. C. Serious. D. Sympathetic. 5. What made the author think Mom was a hoarder at first? A. Her refusal to donate old stuff. B. The mess in Mom’s house. C. Her preference for an economical life. D. The fading of Mom’s health. 6. Why didn’t Mom tidy the house on weekends? A. She had plans with her friends. B. She was too old to do it on her own. C. She desired a pleasant time for herself. D. She had trouble sorting out the junk. 7. Which of the following may best describe Mom? A. Kind but old-fashioned. B. Confident but untidy. C. Hardworking and funny. D. Positive and adaptable. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现妈妈变老后家中杂乱，妈妈却选择用空闲时间享受快乐，展现其积极的生活态度。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Until one day she asked me to do something for her and I said, “No. You’re the momma; I’m the baby.” It gave her a good laugh.(直到有一天，她让我为她做点什么，我说：“不，你是妈妈；我是孩子。”这让她哈哈大笑)”可推知，作者用妈妈曾说过的话拒绝妈妈的要求，表现出“不愿意”的语气。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Yet during this visit I was taken aback by piles upon piles of mail and papers and junk. A fridge full of spoiled food. A mountain of clothes begging to be located.(然而在这次拜访中，我被一堆堆的邮件、文件和垃圾惊呆了。冰箱里装满了变质的食物。堆积如山的衣服等着被收拾)”可知，妈妈家中的杂乱让作者起初认为她是囤积者。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The time that I have to go through those things would be my weekends. Do I want to spend my Saturday afternoon going through all the junk? Or do I want to go hang out with my friends? I think the latter. I don’t want to spend one minute of my free time doing anything that doesn’t bring me joy, (我必须经历这些事情的时间是我的周末。我想在周六下午花时间处理所有垃圾吗？还是我想和朋友出去玩？我想是后者。我不想在空闲时间花一分钟做任何不能给我带来快乐的事情)”可知，妈妈周末不整理房子是因为她想让自己度过愉快的时光。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“I don’t want to spend one minute of my free time doing anything that doesn’t bring me joy,(我不想在空闲时间花一分钟做任何不能给我带来快乐的事情)”和第五段“I still think I’m cool — that might be in my head, but so what.(我仍然觉得自己很酷——这可能是我的想法，但那又怎样)”可推知，妈妈注重当下的快乐，对生活态度积极，且能适应变老的现状。故选D。 C Many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, the way we were raised, or some other painful events. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us — believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship. A friend of mine recently told me that she hadn’t spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn’t speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I can’t do that. He’s the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case, when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins. Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff (问题)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn’t mean that you’re wrong. Everything will be fine. You’ll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right. You’ll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right”, they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But, if for some reason they don’t, that’s okay too. You’ll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have don your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you’ll be more peaceful yourself. 8. The underlined word “rekindle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”. A. develop B. recover C. accept D. establish 9. According to the author, we hold on to our anger often because we think ________. A. our own opinions matter most. B. others will be less defensive. C. our positions are higher than others. D. we can turn small issues into big ones. 10. The best thing to do after a quarrel is to ________. A. let go of our own rights B. realize you’re wrong C. expect others to give in D. contact others first 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. We should keep peaceful when facing small stuff. B. We should tell apart small and big stuff in our daily life. C. Reaching out and apologizing wins one peace and happiness. D. It’s necessary for us to enjoy our friendship and family relationship. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文，生活中，有很多人在与别人发生争执、产生误会等时，会等待别人先道歉，但文章告诉我们要先向比人道歉，释放内心的愤怒，从而享受心平气和的快乐。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us — believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.(我们固执地等待着别人找我们——相信这是我们能够原谅或rekindle友谊或家庭关系的唯一途径)”可知，我们等待别人来与我们主动沟通，再结合“forgive”可知，这样我们才能原谅别人或修复关系，rekindle意为“修复”，故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff (问题)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness.(每当我们压抑愤怒时，我们就会把“小事”变成我们心中真正的“大事”。我们开始相信我们的立场比我们的幸福更重要)”可知，我们总是认为我们的观点更重要，所以保持愤怒而不释放，故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的故事“When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I can’t do that. He’s the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case, when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.(当我建议她主动联系时，她说：“我做不到。他才是应该道歉的人。”然而，经过一番温柔的鼓励，她决定第一个伸出手来。令她惊讶的是，她的儿子对她愿意打电话表示感谢，并向她道歉。通常情况下，当有人抓住机会并伸出援手时，每个人都是赢家)”和最后一段中“You'll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right”, they will become less defensive and more loving toward you.(你也会注意到，当你伸出手让别人“正确”的时候，他们会变得不那么防御，更爱你)”可知，争吵之后要做的最好的事情是先联系对方，故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了我们许多人紧紧抓住小小的抱怨，固执地等待别人向我们伸出援手，相信这是我们原谅或恢复友谊或家庭关系的唯一方式；第二段通过一个例子说明当有人抓住机会主动伸出援手时，每个人都会赢；第三段讲述了如果我们坚持自己的愤怒，我们就会在脑海中把“小问题”变成真正的“大问题”，并指出如果我们想成为一个更平和的人，我们必须明白，正确几乎永远不如让自己快乐更重要，快乐的方法是放手，并伸出援手，让别人正确；第四段讲述了如果我们主动伸出援手并让别人正确，他们将会不那么防备我们，甚至也会向我们伸出援手，如果我们这样做后他们不这样做，也没关系，因为我们知道自己已经为创造一个更有爱的世界尽了一份力，当然我们自己也会更平静。综合这四段的意思可知，文章主要讲述了我们应该主动伸出援手，向他人道歉，这样才能赢得内心的平静和快乐，所以选项C“Reaching out and apologizing wins one peace and happiness(主动伸出手并道歉能赢得内心的平静和快乐)”符合文章主旨。故选C。 D Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers (同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning (扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 12. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 13. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C. Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 14. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 15. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D. Develop decision-making skills. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年与同龄人在一起时更容易冒险的原因，并通过实验表明同龄人的影响也会促使青少年在学习方面取得更好的表现，专家建议利用青少年对朋友的敏感来促进教育。 【12题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water.”（青少年的父母往往不信任他们孩子的朋友，担心他们的孩子会被同龄人怂恿去做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情。他们的担忧hold water。）和下文“In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult.”（在之前的一项研究中，心理学家劳伦斯·斯坦伯格发现，与单独驾驶或与成年人驾驶相比，与同龄乘客一起驾驶的青少年司机发生交通事故的风险更高。）可知，下文用一项研究结论来说明青少年与同龄人在一起时，做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情，发生意外的可能性确实更高，所以“父母的担心是有道理的”，hold water与make sense意思相近，意为“有道理”。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences.”（当人们体验到一些有益的东西时，大脑的奖励系统就会被激活，比如吃到美味的食物，这会让他们感到满足。在这种情况下，青少年获得的奖励更大，这促使他们寻求更高风险的体验。）可知，青少年之所以会有危险行为，是因为他们寻求奖励，寻求满足感，所以获得满足感是青少年危险行为背后的原因。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone.”（有同伴的玩家更愿意冒险，试图找出哪些牌组可以帮助他们获胜。结果表明，与同龄人一起玩的青少年比单独玩的青少年更有探索行为，学习速度更快，在任务中表现更好。）可知，在最新的研究中，有同伴的玩家更愿意冒险，而这种冒险可以帮助青少年学得更快，表现更好。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education.”（现在，一些专家建议，我们应该利用青少年对朋友在场的敏锐感知来改善教育。）和Blakemore的话“Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,”（在教育背景下，冒险是一项重要的技能，它能够促进进步和创造力的发展。）可推知，Blakemore会建议教师在课堂上进行小组讨论等活动，利用青少年对朋友在场的敏锐感知来提高他们的冒险精神和创造力。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题,每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两个选项为多余选项。 Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. ___16___. In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● ___19___. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。 【点睛】 第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分37.5分) 第一节完形填空(共15小题,每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When working in person, most of us have a natural understanding of non-verbal (非语言的) signals. That is to say, all the ways in which we ____21____ work out without words. ____22____, in the digital workspace, this kind of communication can seem less ____23____. Many work ____24____ now happen via online chats, and even video meetings can go ahead with cameras off. Parts of non-verbal communication have always ____25____ outside face-to-face interaction, of course. For example, these unnoticeable ____26____ could begin with a profile picture on your CV (简历); even deciding whether or not to add an emoji (表情图标) in a work group chat can change the ____27____ of the interaction. Yet the new workplace shift in where and how we work has ____28____ the world of non-verbal communication greatly. For instance, in video calls, backgrounds can give all sorts of non-verbal ____29____ about co-workers’ lifestyles, _____30_____ and level of professionalism. Let’s say if a co-worker positions the camera below the chin (下巴), _____31_____ others to look up, you begin to dislike him or her, almost _____32_____. Indeed, data have shown that during video calls, factors like camera angles, distance from the camera and ability to make eye contact all _____33_____ how likeable people are noticed to be. In a new world where _____34_____ working is rapidly developing, being willing to engage non-verbally makes it _____35_____ to understand others and to be understood. 21. A. unite B. communicate C. recognize D. assist 22. A. Besides B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore 23. A. important B. separable C. adventurous D. flexible 24. A. conditions B. conversations C. seats D. steps 25. A. survived B. proved C. changed D. existed 26. A. signals B. maps C. journeys D. articles 27. A. thinking B. review C. feel D. study 28. A. quit B. increased C. failed D. reduced 29. A. information B. change C. application D. concern 30. A. meetings B. suggestions C. interests D. videos 31. A. inspiring B. forcing C. permitting D. warning 32. A. continuously B. willingly C. carefully D. immediately 33. A. impact B. complete C. report D. harm 34. A. hard-working B. crazy C. online D. significant 35. A. easier B. harder C. more traditional D. more exciting 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了非语言信号在面对面和数字工作场景中的存在形式，以及线上办公对其产生的影响。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，我们交流的所有方式都是无需言语的。A. unite团结；B. communicate交流；C. recognize认出；D. assist协助。根据上文“When working in person, most of us have a natural understanding of non-verbal (非语言的) signals.”以及下文“this kind of communication can seem less ____3____ .”可知，此处指我们交流的方式。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在数字工作空间中，这种交流似乎不那么重要。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“When working in person, most of us have a natural understanding of non-verbal (非语言的) signals.”以及下文“this kind of communication can seem less ____3____.”可知，上文提到面对面工作时对非语言信号有自然理解，下文讲数字工作空间的情况不同，前后为转折关系，空处应用However。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在数字工作空间中，这种交流似乎不那么重要。A. important重要的；B. separable可分离的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“Many work ____4____ now happen via online chats, and even video meetings can go ahead with cameras off.”可知，数字工作空间中人们可能忽视非语言交流，所以这种交流显得不那么重要。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在许多工作对话都是通过在线聊天进行的，甚至视频会议也可以在关闭摄像头的情况下进行。A. conditions条件；B. conversations对话；C. seats座位；D. steps步骤。根据上文“this kind of communication”以及下文“now happen via online chats, and even video meetings can go ahead with cameras off.”可知，此处指工作对话通过在线聊天进行。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，部分非语言交流一直存在于面对面互动之外。A. survived幸存；B. proved证明；C. changed改变；D. existed存在。根据下文“For example, these unnoticeable ____6____ could begin with a profile picture on your CV (简历);”可知，非语言交流在面对面互动之外一直存在。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，这些不明显的信号可能从你简历上的头像开始。A. signals信号；B. maps地图；C. journeys旅程；D. articles文章。根据上文“non-verbal (非语言的) signals”以及“Parts of non-verbal communication have always ____5____ outside face-to-face interaction, of course.”可知，此处指的是不明显的信号。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至决定是否在工作群聊中添加表情符号也会改变互动的感觉。A. thinking思考；B. review回顾；C. feel感觉；D. study研究。根据上文“even deciding whether or not to add an emoji (表情图标) in a work group chat can change”以及常识可知，添加表情符号会影响互动给人的感觉。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，工作地点和方式的新转变极大地增加了非语言交流的世界。A. quit离开；B. increased增加；C. failed失败；D. reduced减少。根据下文“For instance, in video calls, backgrounds can give all sorts of non-verbal ____9____ about co-workers’ lifestyles, ____10____ and level of professionalism.”可知，举例说明的视频通话中背景可以提供多种非语言信息，会增加非语言交流。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，在视频通话中，背景可以提供关于同事的生活方式、兴趣和专业水平的各种非语言信息。A. information信息；B. change变化；C. application应用；D. concern关心。根据上文“in video calls, backgrounds can give all sorts of non-verbal”以及常识可知，背景能提供关于同事的生活方式等的信息。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，在视频通话中，背景可以提供关于同事的生活方式、兴趣和专业水平的各种非语言信息。A. meetings会议；B. suggestions建议；C. interests兴趣；D. videos视频。根据上文“co-workers’ lifestyles”、下文“and level of professionalism”以及语境可知，“生活方式、兴趣、专业水平”为并列的关于同事的信息，interests符合语境。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：比如说，如果一个同事把摄像头放在下巴下面，迫使其他人抬头看，你几乎会立刻开始讨厌他或她。A. inspiring鼓舞；B. forcing迫使；C. permitting允许；D. warning警告。根据上文“if a co-worker positions the camera below the chin (下巴),”以及常识可知，摄像头在下巴下方会迫使他人抬头看。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：比如说，如果一个同事把摄像头放在下巴下面，迫使其他人抬头看，你几乎会立刻开始讨厌他或她。A. continuously持续地；B. willingly愿意地；C. carefully仔细地；D. immediately立刻地。根据上文“Let’s say if a co-worker positions the camera below the chin (下巴), ____11____ others to look up, you begin to dislike him or her, almost”可知，这种不恰当的摄像头位置会让人立刻产生讨厌的感觉。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，数据显示，在视频通话中，像摄像头角度、与摄像头的距离和眼神交流能力等因素都会影响人们被注意到的受欢迎程度。A. impact影响；B. complete完成；C. report报告；D. harm伤害。根据上文“Indeed, data have shown that during video calls, factors like camera angles, distance from the camera and ability to make eye contact”以及语境可知，此处表示这些因素会影响受欢迎程度。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个在线工作迅速发展的新世界里，愿意进行非语言交流能让理解他人和被他人理解变得更容易。A. hard-working勤奋的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. online在线的；D. significant重要的。根据上文“in the digital workspace, this kind of communication can seem less ____3____ . Many work ____4____ now happen via online chats, and even video meetings can go ahead with cameras off.”可知，此处呼应上文数字工作空间和视频通话等内容，指在线工作的发展。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个在线工作迅速发展的新世界里，愿意进行非语言交流能让理解他人和被他人理解变得更容易。A. easier更容易的；B. harder更难的；C. more traditional更传统的；D. more exciting更令人兴奋的。根据上文“In a new world where ____14____ working is rapidly developing, being willing to engage non-verbally makes it”以及语境可知，此处表示积极利用非语言交流能促进理解，使沟通更容易。故选A。 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist ____36____ has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province ____37____(know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field, though “protector” is probably a more fitting ____38____(describe). Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University, then as a conservationist when she became the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site ____39____ being destroyed. “It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an ____40____(extreme) weak old person. It has ____41____(variety) illnesses. If you are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,” Fan says. Today, thanks to the work of great ____42____(archaeologist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-preserved collection of Buddhist relics ____43____(date) from the 13th to the 15th centuries. The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across ____44____1,700-metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁画) ____45____ more than 2,000 colourful sculptures. 【答案】36. who##that 37. is known 38. description 39. from 40. extremely 41. various 42. archaeologists 43. dating 44. a 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了“敦煌的女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌文物作出的巨大贡献。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处引导定语从句，指代先行词archaeologist，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 【37题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。句子的主语The Chinese archaeologist是单数，和know之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is known。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处被不定冠词a 修饰，应使用名词的单数形式，作表语。故填description。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：樊锦诗自20世纪60年代初以来一直在研究这一历史遗址，最初是作为北京大学考古专业的本科生，后来在1984年当她成为敦煌研究院副院长，她作为一名保护主义者，该研究院旨在防止这一古老遗址被破坏。prevent sth. from doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“防止某事物发生某种情况”，设空处应填介词from。故填from。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：这是一个老人，一个极其虚弱的老人。设空处作状语，修饰形容词weak，应使用副词。故填extremely。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它有各种各样的疾病。设空处作定语，修饰名词illnesses，应使用形容词，故填various。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。archaeologist意为“考古学家”，是可数名词，且此处表泛指，应使用复数形式。故填archaeologists。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰collection of Buddhist relics，且collection of Buddhist relics与date为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填dating。 【44题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖面上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。此处1,700-metre-wide cliff face前应用不定冠词，表泛指，空后的1700为辅音音素开头，应用a。故用a。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。45,000 square metres of murals(壁画)与more than 2,000 colourful sculptures为并列关系，作动词containing的宾语，指出敦煌古迹数量之大，设空处应用连词and。故填and。 第三部分 基础知识 (共三节，满分30分) 第一节单词运用(共10小题,每小题1分，满分10分) 用所给词的正确形式填空，每个单词使用一次，每个空只填一个词。 Absorb eager somehow typical principle grateful surround energetic claim seek The Journey of Growth In a ____46____ high school classroom, sunlight streamed through the windows as our physics teacher announced an experiment. The desks, ____47____ by wires and batteries, became our workstations. A group near the back ____48____ the task was too hard, but the teacher encouraged us to keep it up, and we ____49____ answers step by step. I partnered with Li Hua. When the circuit diagrams (电路图) appeared on the screen, I froze--the symbols looked nothing like our textbook examples. ____50____ for her calmness, I focused on connecting wires while she explained the ____51____ of settings. Soon, we were ____52____ in testing different currents, our hands moving ____53____ between tools. A sudden spark! “Loose wire”, Li Hua pointed. I felt ____54____ to fix it, though my fingers shook. As I reconnected the wire, the meter needle (电流表) ____55____ started dancing! Even the doubtful group cheered when they saw our circuits (电路) lit up. After class, the teacher wrote: “Every mistake teaches.” This made me realize: When we face challenges, curiosity guides us forward. 【答案】46. typical 47. surrounded 48. claimed 49. sought 50. Grateful 51. principles 52. absorbed 53. energetically 54. eager 55. somehow 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中物理课实验中，作者与搭档克服困难完成电路连接，领悟到挑战中好奇心引领成长。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在一个典型的高中教室里，当我们的物理老师宣布一项实验时，阳光透过窗户照射进来。此处描述“典型的”高中教室场景，用形容词typical，修饰high school classroom，作定语。故填typical。 【47题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被电线和电池包围的课桌成了我们的工作站。根据句中by wires and batteries可知，此处表示课桌被电线和电池包围，应用动词surround，句中已有became，空处作非谓语动词，desks与surround之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填surrounded。 【48题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：后面的一群人声称这项任务太难了，但老师鼓励我们坚持下去，我们一步一步地寻找答案。根据the task was too hard可知，此处表示一群人声称任务太难，空处应用动词claim，根据句中was和encouraged可知，句子使用一般过去时。故填claimed。 【49题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：后面的一群人声称这项任务太难了，但老师鼓励我们坚持下去，我们一步一步地寻找答案。根据answers可知，此处表示寻找答案，空处应用动词seek，表示“寻找”，根据句中was和encouraged可知，句子使用一般过去时，此处需填动词过去式sought。故填sought。 【50题详解】 考查形容词。句意：感谢她的冷静，我专注于连接电线，而她解释了设置的原则。根据for her calmness可知，此处表示感激她的冷静，空处应用形容词grateful，be grateful for为固定搭配，表示“因……感激”，省略be动词，保留形容词，作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Grateful。 【51题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：感谢她冷静，我专注于连接电线，而她解释了设置的原则。根据of settings可知，此处表示解释了设置的原则，空处应用名词principle表示“原理，原则”，为可数名词，使用复数形式形式，表示泛指。故填principles。 【52题详解】 考查形容词。句意：不久，我们全神贯注地测试不同的电流，双手在工具之间有力地移动。根据in testing different currents可知，此处表示全神贯注地测试不同的电流，空处应用absorb的形容词形式absorbed，be absorbed in doing sth.为固定搭配，表“专注于做某事”。故填absorbed。 【53题详解】 考查副词。句意：不久，我们全神贯注地测试不同的电流，双手在工具之间有力地移动。根据our hands moving可知，此处表示描述双手移动的状态，空处应用energetic的副词形式energetically，表“精力充沛地”，作状语，修饰动词moving。故填energetically。 【54题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管我的手指在颤抖，但我还是渴望修好它。根据to fix it, though my fingers shook可知，此处表示我还是渴望修好它，空处应用形容词eager，be eager to do sth.为固定搭配，表“渴望做某事”。故填eager。 【55题详解】 考查副词。句意：当我重新连接电线时，电流表的指针不知怎么地开始摆动！根据started dancing可知，此处表示电流表的指针不知怎么地开始摆动，空处应用副词somehow表示“以某种方式；不知怎么地”，修饰动词started。故填somehow。 第二节 短语填空 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。 set up tend to to name but a few to be frank take advantage of belong to have something in common 56. That beautiful painting ________ the museum is priceless. 57. The company ________ AI technology over the past decade to automate (自动化) its systems. 58. Despite coming from different backgrounds, they discovered they _______ such as their love for music and traveling. 59. There are many reasons why I love living in Guangzhou-the food, the culture, the night life, _______. 60. He _______ eat more junk food when he feels stressed. 【答案】56. belonging to 57. has taken advantage of 58. had something in common 59. to name but a few 60. tends to 【解析】 【56题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：那幅属于这家博物馆的美丽画作是无价的。根据句中That beautiful painting和the museum可知，此处表示那幅画属于博物馆，空处应用动词短语belong to，句中已有is，此处需用非谓语动词形式，paintings与belong to之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填belonging to。 【57题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这家公司在过去十年利用人工智能技术实现系统自动化。根据句中AI technology可知，此处表示利用人工智能技术，空处应用动词短语take advantage of，根据时间状语over the past decade可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语company为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has taken advantage of。 【58题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：尽管来自不同背景，他们发现他们有共同之处，比如都热爱音乐和旅行。根据句中such as their love for music and traveling可知，此处表示他们有共同之处，空处应用动词短语have something in common，根据discovered可知，句子用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填had something in common。 【59题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我热爱住在广州原因有很多——美食、文化、夜生活，仅举几例。根据句中the food, the culture, the night life可知，此处在举例说明原因，空处应用固定短语to name but a few，表示“仅举几例”，用于列举时总结，符合句意。故填to name but a few。 【60题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他压力大时往往吃更多垃圾食品。根据句中eat more junk food可知，此处表示他往往吃更多垃圾食品，空处应用动词短语tend to，根据句中feels可知，句子用一般现在时，主语He为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填tends to。 第三节 补全句子 (共5小题,每小题3分，满分15分) 61. 校园吉尼斯活动提供多样的挑战，从一分钟打字到单词背诵比拼。(分词作状语) The Campus Guinness Records event offers________________one-minute typing competition _____________contests. 【答案】 ①. a variety of challenges ranging from ②. to word memorization 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。表示“多样的”应用a variety of；表示“挑战”应用challenge，此处使用名词复数形式；表示“从……到……的范围”应用动词短语range from...to...，作后置定语，修饰名词challenges，二者为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式；表示“单词背诵”应用word memorization。故填①a variety of challenges ranging from；②to word memorization。 62. 若你留心观察，便会惊讶地发现，广州是一座历史与现代文化交融的城市。(定语从句) ________________ , you will ________________ that Guangzhou is a city_________________ 【答案】 ①. If you observe carefully ②. be surprised to find ③. where history and modern culture blend 【解析】 【详解】考查从句和时态。“若你留心观察”为if引导的条件状语从句，从句为一般现在时，主句为将来时；“观察”为“observe ”；“留心地”为“carefully”；翻译为“若你留心观察”。“惊讶做某事”为“be surprised to do sth”；“发现”为“find”；“惊讶地发现”为“be surprised to find”；“历史与现代文化交融”为“history and modern culture blend”为定语从句，先行词为city，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填If you observe carefully； be surprised to find； where history and modern culture blend。 63. 新疆宁静的景色与它众多葱郁繁茂的绿洲构成了一幅视觉盛宴--绵延起伏的绿色草场上，成群的牛羊悠然点缀其间。(with复合结构) The ________________ of Xinjiang and its many green lush oases (绿洲) ________________, with its green grasslands ________________. 【答案】 ①. peaceful landscape ②. forms a true feast for the eyes ③. dotted with sheep and cattle 【解析】 【详解】考查名词短语、时态和非谓语动词短语。第一空，“宁静的”peaceful，“景色”landscape，其中形容词peaceful作定语修饰名词landscape，peaceful landscape作句子主语；第二空，“构成”form，句子描述现在的一般情况，使用一般现在时，主语是peaceful landscape，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式forms，后接宾语“一幅视觉盛宴”a true feast for the eyes；第三空，“点缀”使用动词短语be dotted with，去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式dotted，在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，介词with后接宾语“成群的牛羊”sheep and cattle。故填①peaceful landscape，②forms a true feast for the eyes，③dotted with sheep and cattle。 64. 尽管考试至关重要，林巧稚认为暂停考试去救助他人是一种道德责任。(it作形式宾语) ____________________, Lin Qiaozhi _________________ 【答案】 ①. Although the exam was of great importance ②. considered it a moral responsibility to suspend the exam to help others 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和 it 作形式宾语。根据句意，该句讲述是过去发生的事情，所以整句使用一般过去时，第一空表示“尽管考试至关重要”可以为although引导的让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写；“考试”为the exam作主语，“至关重要”可用be of great importance，谓语动词为be动词，主语为第三人称单数，所以第一空为Although the exam was of great importance；第二空表示“认为暂停考试去救助他人是一种道德责任” ，“认为”用 consider，用于一般过去时，所以谓语动词为considered，“暂停考试”to suspend the exam，“道德责任”为 moral responsibility作宾补，根据提提示，该句使用 it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语to suspend the exam to help others，结构为“consider it +名词+to do sth.”，所以第二空为considered it a moral responsibility to suspend the exam to help others。故填①Although the exam was of great importance②considered it a moral responsibility to suspend the exam to help others。 65. 国王突然想到他将石头放在路中央很长时间却无人移走，这让他陷入了绝望。 ________________ he ________________ in the middle of the road for a long time and no one had moved it, ________________. 【答案】 ①. It suddenly occurred to the king that ②. had placed the stone ③. which made him fall into despair 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和固定短语。根据句意，第一空表示“某人突然想到……”常用句型“It occurs to sb. that...”，这里描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为occurred，“国王”是“the king”，所以第一空为It suddenly occurred to the king that；第二空表示“将石头放……”用“place the stone”，根据语境，“放石头”这个动作发生在“无人移走”之前，是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时“had +过去分词”，所以第二空为had placed the stone；第三空表示“这让他陷入了绝望”，这里“这”指代前面整个句子的内容，此处可使用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用关系代词which，“使某人陷入……”可以为“make sb. +do”结构，“陷入绝望”可以为fall into despair，结合语境，此处使用一般过去时，所以定语从句的谓语动词为made，第三空为which made him fall into despair。故填①It suddenly occurred to the king that②had placed the stone③which made him fall into despair。 第四部分 书面表达(满分25分) 66. 假定你是李华。你的交换生朋友Adam对岭南文化非常感兴趣，计划五一期间来广东进行省内游。请你给他推荐一座城市。 内容包括： 1.推荐的地方； 2.推荐的理由 要求： 1.120词左右； 2.可适当增删细节，使内容连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Adam, I’m excited to know you’re planning a trip to Guangdong during the May Day holiday to explore Lingnan culture. I highly recommend Foshan. Foshan is a city rich in Lingnan traditions. The Ancestral Temple of Foshan is a must-visit. It’s a remarkable complex of ancient Lingnan architecture, with delicate carvings and solemn halls, showing the superb craftsmanship of the past. The Qinghui Garden, one of the four famous gardens in Guangdong, features elegant pavilions, clear ponds, and beautiful rockeries, representing the unique charm of Lingnan garden design. Moreover, Foshan is the birthplace of Cantonese opera. You can enjoy a live performance, immersing yourself in the melodious tunes and vivid stories. And don’t forget the local cuisine! Dishes like double-skin milk and fish ball noodles will surely satisfy your taste buds. Foshan offers an unforgettable experience of Lingnan culture. I’m sure you’ll love it! Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给交换生朋友Adam写一封信，推荐广东省的一座城市。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：excited→thrilled 探索：explore→probe 此外：moreover→in addition 提供：offer→provide 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Foshan is a city rich in Lingnan traditions 拓展句：Foshan is a city which is rich in Lingnan traditions 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m excited to know you’re planning a trip to Guangdong during the May Day holiday to explore Lingnan culture.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句） [高分句型2] It’s a remarkable complex of ancient Lingnan architecture, with delicate carvings and solemn halls, showing the superb craftsmanship of the past.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$