暑假作业05 非谓语动词-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（牛津译林版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业05 非谓语动词 01 定义 非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。 02 知识归类 （1）动词不定式 功能 例句 主语 To speak English well isn’t an easy job. 宾语 They decided to change their mind. 宾语补足语 He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day. 定语 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 表语 Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children. 状语 目的 Every morning he gets up very early to exercise. 结果 He returned home to learn his son had gone to the countryside. 注意 1.不定式作宾语 (1)一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如： Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看一场电影吗? (2)在find，think后面接不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如： I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。 (3)常见的一些不带to的动词不定式： why not do…，had better(not) do…，would rather do，could/would/will you please (not) do… I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里。 2.不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他将收音机的音量调低。 tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage后面常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我母亲鼓励我学日语。 注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如： The boss made them work the whole night.老板让他们工作了一整夜。 3.不定式作定语 (1)不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 (2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如： There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。 （2）特殊结构的不定式 结构 例句 too…to结构 She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. not+不定式 The teacher told the students not to play soccer on the road. 疑问词+不定式 作主语 How to solve the problem is very important. 作宾语 He didn’t know what to say. 作表语 The question is where to find the water. for+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is necessary for us to learn from each other. of+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is very kind of you to help me with my English. 注意 1.动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如： To learn English well is useful. →It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2.不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如： The teacher is telling the students what to do.老师正告诉学生要做什么。 He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪里。(where to go=where he should go) （3）动词-ing形式 功能 例句 主语 Skating on the thin ice is dangerous. 宾语 I finished doing my homework. 表语 The nurse’s job is looking after the patients. 定语 She is reading in the reading room. 宾语补足语 He kept the machine running for ten hours. 状语 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 注意 1.英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语，初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成),mind(介意),be worth(值得),be busy(忙于),practice(练习),have fun(玩得高兴),feel like(想要),be used to(习惯于),consider(考虑),enjoy(喜欢)。 2.主语+ be + happy(glad, pleased, angry, sorry, careful, ready等)+to do sth.如： I’m glad to see you again.我很高兴再次见到你。 I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我感到遗憾。 3.几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析： (1)stop doing/stop to do stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事 (2)forget doing/forget to do forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(事情已做) forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做) (3)remember doing/remember to do remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做) remember to do sth.记着去做某事(事情没做) (4)try doing/try to do try doing sth.尝试着去做某事 try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事 (5)go on doing/go on to do go on doing sth.继续不停地做同一件事情 go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事 (6)allow doing sth./allow sb.to do sth. allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 (7)regret doing/regret to do regret doing sth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做) regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做) (8)mean doing/mean to do mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算、想做某事 （4）动词的过去分词 功能 例句 表语 The door remained locked. 定语 The building built last year is now a department store. 宾语补足语 I heard my name called. 状语 Heated water changes into steam. 注意 英语中过去分词可作宾补(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如： She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态) 1.过去分词用在get,have,make 的后面。 注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况： A)表示“让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做”。如： I have had my bike repaired.我已经请人把我的自行车修好了。 B)表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受……影响，蒙受……损失”。如： I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月在公汽上我的钱包被偷了。 2.“make+宾语+过去分词”,在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如： I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高声音目的是让我自己被听见。 3.过去分词用在感官动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to,feel,find等后面。如： When we got to school,we saw the door locked.到学校时，我们发现门被锁了。 4.过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如： The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.那个小偷被带了进来，他的手被绑在背后。 5.过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别: 现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系，其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系，其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补:表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。如： He didn’t notice me waiting.他没有注意到我正在等。 I heard the song sung in English.我听见这首歌被用英语唱了。 I saw him opening the window.我看见他正在开窗户。 I saw the window opened.我看见窗户被开了。 I saw him open the window.我看见他开了窗户。 I heard her sing the song in English.我听见她用英语唱了这首歌。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）The team ________ ten excellent players has a great chance of winning the championship. A．consists of B．consisted of C．consisting of D．is consisted of 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）After finishing her homework, Lisa went on ________ some extra math practice, but she delayed ________ her room until the weekend. A．doing; to clean B．doing; cleaning C．to do; cleaning D．to do; to clean 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）DeepSeek, ________ by an AI company in Hangzhou, is widely used in different fields, ________ great convenience to people’s work and life. A．developed; to bring B．developing; bringing C．developed; bringing D．developing; to bring 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Many students found ________ quite difficult ________ a script based on the texts we learned. A．it; writing B．it’s; to write C．it’s; writing D．it; to write 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）After ________ the patient to cooperate with him, the doctor finally managed to ________ him of his disease. A．making; treat B．getting; cure C．making; cure D．getting; treat 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）The roller coaster moved ________ high speed. The children can’t stop ________. A．at a; to scream B．at; screaming C．at; to scream D．at a; screaming 8．（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）—Mom, I want ________ children in poor areas. What can I do? —You can send books to them. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）I don’t know ________ my worries because I’m too shy to communicate with others. A．how to deal with B．how can I deal with C．what to deal with D．how to do with 10．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—You should be careful when ________. —Thanks, I will. I know when ________ to have a rest. A．driving; to stop B．driving; stopping C．to drive; stopping D．to drive; to stop 11．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）It’s 5 years ________ we last met. I can’t stop ________ you. A．after; to miss B．since; missing C．when; miss D．since; to miss 12．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）We all thought ________ necessary for you to spend as much time as you can ________ English. A．that; improving B．it is; to improve C．it; improve D．it was; improving 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）There are so many kinds of trainers in this shop. I can’t decide ________. A．to buy which pair B．which pair to buy C．which to buy pair D．which pair buying 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）My brother is so generous that he never minds ________ food with others. A．share B．sharing C．to share D．shared 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）April 23rd is World Book and Copyright Day (世界读书日) . Let’s discuss ________. A．which place to visit B．who to invite to our celebration C．when to go to the library D．where to read 16．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）—Have you decided ________ to visit in Shanghai? —Sure. We’ll go to Disneyland to see Judy Hopps. A．how B．where C．who D．when 17．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）—Daniel, why not stop ________ a rest? —Oh, I can’t stop ________ the kite on such warm spring days. A．having; flying B．to have; to fly C．having; to fly D．to have; flying 18．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）There are so many wonderful books in the bookstore. I can’t decide ________. A．which I can choose it B．to choose which one C．which one to choose D．to choose one which 19．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Tom noticed a boy ________ a purse to the policeman when he walked past the street corner. A．hand in B．handed in C．handing in D．to hand in 20．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）—Do you mind my ________ some photos of these paintings? —Better not. You can just enjoy them with your eyes, I think. A．taking B．take C．to take D．to taking 二．正确形式填空 21．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）We must take action to prevent pollution (live) a better life. 22．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Many teenagers enjoy (ride) shared bikes along the Binhu Road for fun. 23．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）They couldn’t stop (laugh) when they watched the funny show. 24．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）He spent two hours (tie) all the packages with string. 25．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习） (relaxed) on the beach after visiting it made them feel really good. 26．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）To learn English well, we must practice (speak) English as much as possible. 27．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）I carried on (do) my homework after a rest. 28．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）The job of the volunteer is (help) the people in need. 29．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）We couldn’t wait (get) off the bus because of the heavy rain. 30．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）My sister often goes to school without (have) breakfast. 31．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）The runner kept (run) until he got to the finishing line. 32．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）In fact, Gulliver didn’t know how (get) away. 33．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）She once dreamed of a ticket to travel to Beijing alone. (book) 34．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Life was different, but I managed (get) used to it. 35．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）My father does well in almost everything except (tie) his own tie. 36．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）By (train) local doctors and nurses, we hope to help more people. 37．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Johnny is such a humorous person that every time he tells jokes, we can’t stop (laugh). 38．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Everyone had better avoid (cross) the road when the traffic light is red. 39．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Before running, the boy refused (tie) his shoes. Unluckily, he fell over. 40．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）The young woman has trouble (communicate) with foreigners. 41．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Last Friday at lunchtime, I saw a book (lie) open in the playground, with its pages slightly (bend) from being read. 42．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Though having difficulty (speak) Italian, the old man tried hard to make himself (understand) by gesture. 43．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）The old man is seen (walk) slowly along the quiet street every day after breakfast, (enjoy) the fresh morning air. 44．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）When you leave the office, remember (turn) off the lights. 45．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）My plan for the weekend is (finish) all my work early, so that I (have) plenty of time to relax and enjoy myself. 46．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）The smart device to the Wi-Fi allows us to control appliances (电器) for far away and keeps a with our app. (connect) 47．（24-25八年级下·全国·课后作业）I walked around the West Lake and couldn’t stop (take) photos. 48．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Now more and more people are used to (pick) goods that are both good in quality and low at price. 49．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）Nowadays people of most countries often greet each other by (shake) hands. 50．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习）At least give him the chance of (explain) what happened. 三．完成句子 51．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）我已经决定如何处理这些书了。 I what to these books. 52．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）他从未梦想过采访那位世界著名的歌手。 He that world-famous singer. 53．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）用微信保持联系是年轻人所喜欢的一种方式。 through WeChat is a way that young people like. 54．（24-25八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）Kitty them and ran after couldn’t taking stop photos . 55．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）你已经决定怎么处理这些书了吗？ Have you decided with these books yet? 56．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）在翻译完这么多页后，我筋疲力尽了，什么都不想做。 I so many pages and I don’t want to do anything. 57．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）我叔叔已经习惯在上海工作，但他经常与淮安的朋友保持联系。 My uncle has been in Shanghai. However, he often with the friends in Huai’an. 58．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）It is a good way to keep diaries in our daily life. It is easy for us to remember things. diaries every day can help us remember things . 59．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）近年来，越来越多的年轻人已经习惯用微信保持联系了。 More and more young people in touch with each other by using Wechat over the years. 60．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）我忍不住和琳娜贝尔合影，因为她看起来很可爱。 I couldn’t with LinaBell because she looked cute. （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。 Through Time, Books and Roads When I opened my great-grandmother’s diary, her 1 (word) painted a completely different world. Back in Suzhou in the 1950s, people 2 (travel) by bicycle along narrow streets lined with tea houses. The air smelled 3 (fresh) than today, and the only “screen” they knew was the silk embroidery frame. Last summer, I took 4 train to visit her hometown. Modern skyscrapers (摩天大楼) now stand 5 the old canals (运河). Traditional markets have disappeared, 6 colorful billboards light up the nights. A local shopkeeper sighed, “Progress is good, but we must protect 7 (we) culture too.” To dig deeper, I have read some historical books at the library 8 (recent). One book described how Suzhou’s artists creatively blended (融合) old crafts with new technology. 9 (slow), I began to see the city 10 two angles (角度): a rushing metropolis (大都会) and a poetic water town. （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期中） More students are learning CPR these days. Here’s 1 story about how a boy used it. On a Friday afternoon, Bob was very happy to go home after school. He opened the door and 2 , “Grandpa, I am coming back!” But there was no answer. It was a little strange, so he went to Grandpa’s bedroom to find 3 . Bob knocked (敲) on the door and opened it. To his surprise, Bob saw his grandpa lying 4 the ground next to his bed. Bob was afraid but he calmed (冷静) himself down. Luckily, there 5 a health class at Bob’s school last week, and he learned what he 6   do in the face of this problem. Bob ran to the phone and called 120. The nurse answered the phone and asked him 7 for the ambulance (救护车) and doctors to arrive. 8 he was waiting, the nurse gave Bob some advice and asked him to do CPR as soon as possible. Thankfully, the class had taught him how to do CPR. Bob pressed his grandpa’s chest (胸部) with both his hands again and again according to what he had learned. About ten 9 later, the doctors arrived. They checked his grandpa and sent him to the hospital 10 . At last, thanks to Bob for doing CPR in time, his grandpa was out of danger. The doctors and his parents all praised (夸奖) him. For Bob, he was also proud of his action. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．shout B．shouts C．shouted D．will shout 3．A．his B．him C．he D．himself 4．A．in B．for C．under D．on 5．A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．A．should B．might C．shall D．may 7．A．wait B．to wait C．pay D．to pay 8．A．If B．Because C．Though D．While 9．A．minute B．minutes C．hour D．hours 10．A．crazy B．crazily C．quick D．quickly 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业05 非谓语动词 01 定义 非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。 02 知识归类 （1）动词不定式 功能 例句 主语 To speak English well isn’t an easy job. 宾语 They decided to change their mind. 宾语补足语 He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day. 定语 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 表语 Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children. 状语 目的 Every morning he gets up very early to exercise. 结果 He returned home to learn his son had gone to the countryside. 注意 1.不定式作宾语 (1)一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如： Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看一场电影吗? (2)在find，think后面接不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如： I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。 (3)常见的一些不带to的动词不定式： why not do…，had better(not) do…，would rather do，could/would/will you please (not) do… I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里。 2.不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他将收音机的音量调低。 tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage后面常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我母亲鼓励我学日语。 注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如： The boss made them work the whole night.老板让他们工作了一整夜。 3.不定式作定语 (1)不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 (2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如： There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。 （2）特殊结构的不定式 结构 例句 too…to结构 She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. not+不定式 The teacher told the students not to play soccer on the road. 疑问词+不定式 作主语 How to solve the problem is very important. 作宾语 He didn’t know what to say. 作表语 The question is where to find the water. for+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is necessary for us to learn from each other. of+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is very kind of you to help me with my English. 注意 1.动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如： To learn English well is useful. →It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2.不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如： The teacher is telling the students what to do.老师正告诉学生要做什么。 He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪里。(where to go=where he should go) （3）动词-ing形式 功能 例句 主语 Skating on the thin ice is dangerous. 宾语 I finished doing my homework. 表语 The nurse’s job is looking after the patients. 定语 She is reading in the reading room. 宾语补足语 He kept the machine running for ten hours. 状语 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 注意 1.英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语，初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成),mind(介意),be worth(值得),be busy(忙于),practice(练习),have fun(玩得高兴),feel like(想要),be used to(习惯于),consider(考虑),enjoy(喜欢)。 2.主语+ be + happy(glad, pleased, angry, sorry, careful, ready等)+to do sth.如： I’m glad to see you again.我很高兴再次见到你。 I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我感到遗憾。 3.几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析： (1)stop doing/stop to do stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事 (2)forget doing/forget to do forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(事情已做) forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做) (3)remember doing/remember to do remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做) remember to do sth.记着去做某事(事情没做) (4)try doing/try to do try doing sth.尝试着去做某事 try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事 (5)go on doing/go on to do go on doing sth.继续不停地做同一件事情 go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事 (6)allow doing sth./allow sb.to do sth. allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 (7)regret doing/regret to do regret doing sth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做) regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做) (8)mean doing/mean to do mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算、想做某事 （4）动词的过去分词 功能 例句 表语 The door remained locked. 定语 The building built last year is now a department store. 宾语补足语 I heard my name called. 状语 Heated water changes into steam. 注意 英语中过去分词可作宾补(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如： She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态) 1.过去分词用在get,have,make 的后面。 注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况： A)表示“让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做”。如： I have had my bike repaired.我已经请人把我的自行车修好了。 B)表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受……影响，蒙受……损失”。如： I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月在公汽上我的钱包被偷了。 2.“make+宾语+过去分词”,在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如： I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高声音目的是让我自己被听见。 3.过去分词用在感官动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to,feel,find等后面。如： When we got to school,we saw the door locked.到学校时，我们发现门被锁了。 4.过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如： The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.那个小偷被带了进来，他的手被绑在背后。 5.过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别: 现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系，其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系，其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补:表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。如： He didn’t notice me waiting.他没有注意到我正在等。 I heard the song sung in English.我听见这首歌被用英语唱了。 I saw him opening the window.我看见他正在开窗户。 I saw the window opened.我看见窗户被开了。 I saw him open the window.我看见他开了窗户。 I heard her sing the song in English.我听见她用英语唱了这首歌。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）The team ________ ten excellent players has a great chance of winning the championship. A．consists of B．consisted of C．consisting of D．is consisted of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由十名优秀球员组成的球队很有可能赢得冠军。 考查非谓语动词。The team与consist of是逻辑上的主动关系，此处应用现在分词作后置定语，consist of无被动形式。故选C。 2．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）After finishing her homework, Lisa went on ________ some extra math practice, but she delayed ________ her room until the weekend. A．doing; to clean B．doing; cleaning C．to do; cleaning D．to do; to clean 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在完成她的家庭作业之后，丽莎继续做额外的数学练习，但是她把打扫她的房间推迟到了周末。 考查非谓语动词。 第一空，丽莎完成作业后继续做的是额外的数学练习，这里可以理解为继续做另一件事，所以用 go on to do sth. 的结构，即“to do”；第二空，delay后面接动词时要用动名词形式，即“cleaning”，delay doing sth. 表示推迟做某事，所以是“cleaning”。故选C。 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）DeepSeek, ________ by an AI company in Hangzhou, is widely used in different fields, ________ great convenience to people’s work and life. A．developed; to bring B．developing; bringing C．developed; bringing D．developing; to bring 【答案】C 【详解】句意：DeepSeek由杭州的一家人工智能公司开发，广泛应用于不同领域，为人们的工作和生活带来了极大的便利。 考查非谓语动词。根据“DeepSeek, ... by an AI company in Hangzhou”可知，DeepSeek是被杭州的一家人工智能公司开发的，所以应该用过去分词developed表示被动关系。后半句根据“great convenience to people’s work and life”可知，DeepSeek给人们的工作和生活带来了极大的便利，这是对前面主句的补充说明，应该用现在分词bringing作伴随状语。故选C。 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Many students found ________ quite difficult ________ a script based on the texts we learned. A．it; writing B．it’s; to write C．it’s; writing D．it; to write 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多学生发现很难根据我们所学的课文写一个剧本。 考查代词it和动词不定式作宾语。find it adj. to do sth 觉得做某事……，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式，故选D。 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）After ________ the patient to cooperate with him, the doctor finally managed to ________ him of his disease. A．making; treat B．getting; cure C．making; cure D．getting; treat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在让病人配合他之后，这位医生最终成功治好了他的病。 考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。make使；get使得。“让某人做某事”可以用make sb. do sth. 或get sb. to do sth. ，所以第一个空是“getting”；treat治疗，强调治疗的过程；cure治愈，强调治疗的结果。“manage to do sth.”表示“设法做成某事”，这里说医生最终成功治好了病，强调结果，用“cure”更合适。 故选B。 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——女士，您决定好买哪一个了吗？——抱歉，我还没有。 考查疑问词 + 动词不定式结构。根据“Have you decided”可知，这里需要“疑问词 + 动词不定式”作宾语，which one为疑问词组，表示“哪一个”。故选D。 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）The roller coaster moved ________ high speed. The children can’t stop ________. A．at a; to scream B．at; screaming C．at; to scream D．at a; screaming 【答案】B 【详解】句意：过山车高速行驶。孩子们情不自禁地尖叫。 考查介词短语和非谓语动词。at high speed意为“高速”，中间不需要加不定冠词a，所以排除A、D选项；can’t stop doing sth意为“情不自禁做某事”，此处表达孩子们情不自禁地尖叫，第二个空填screaming。故选B。 8．（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）—Mom, I want ________ children in poor areas. What can I do? —You can send books to them. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我想帮助贫困地区的孩子。我能做些什么呢？——你可以把书寄给他们。 考查非谓语动词。help帮助，动词原形；helping帮助，动名词形式；to help帮助，动词的不定式形式；helped帮助，动词过去式和过去分词形式。“want”后面通常接动词不定式，“want to do sth.”表示“想要做某事”。故选C。 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）I don’t know ________ my worries because I’m too shy to communicate with others. A．how to deal with B．how can I deal with C．what to deal with D．how to do with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不知道如何处理我的烦恼，因为我太害羞了以至于不能和别人交流 。 考查疑问词+不定式结构和宾语从句语序。“如何处理”常用“how to deal with”或“what to do with”。“deal with”与“how”搭配，“do with”与“what”搭配。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句中可作宾语，所以这里要用“how to deal with”。B选项是疑问语序，故选A。 10．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—You should be careful when ________. —Thanks, I will. I know when ________ to have a rest. A．driving; to stop B．driving; stopping C．to drive; stopping D．to drive; to stop 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你开车时应该小心。——谢谢，我会的。我知道什么时候该停下来休息。 考查非谓语动词和省略句。根据“You should be careful when...”可知，该句是when引导的时间状语从句，时态用现在进行时“be doing”，此处从句与主句是同一个主语，可以省略主谓，第一空用现在分词，排除CD；第二空作动词know的宾语，用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。故选A。 11．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）It’s 5 years ________ we last met. I can’t stop ________ you. A．after; to miss B．since; missing C．when; miss D．since; to miss 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我们上次见面已经过去五年了。我情不自禁地想念你。 考查连词辨析和动名词作宾语。after在……之后；since自……以来；when当……时。It’s +时间段+since+句子，是固定句型，表示“从……以来已经多久了”；can’t stop doing sth.是固定短语，意思是“情不自禁做某事；忍不住做某事”，故选B。 12．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）We all thought ________ necessary for you to spend as much time as you can ________ English. A．that; improving B．it is; to improve C．it; improve D．it was; improving 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们都认为对你来说尽可能多地花时间提高英语水平是有必要的。 考查it句型和现在分词作宾补。think+it+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.是固定结构，表示“认为做某事对于某人来说是……的”，其中it是形式宾语 ，这里描述过去大家的想法，也可用宾语从句，用it was，由此可排除A和C选项；spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.是固定结构，表示“花费时间/金钱做某事”，故选D。 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）There are so many kinds of trainers in this shop. I can’t decide ________. A．to buy which pair B．which pair to buy C．which to buy pair D．which pair buying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家店有很多种运动鞋。我无法决定买哪双。 考查不定式。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，作宾语，可排除A项和D项，C项逻辑混乱，名词“pair”应紧接疑问词。故选B。 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）My brother is so generous that he never minds ________ food with others. A．share B．sharing C．to share D．shared 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我弟弟很慷慨，他从不介意和别人分享食物。 考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B。 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）April 23rd is World Book and Copyright Day (世界读书日) . Let’s discuss ________. A．which place to visit B．who to invite to our celebration C．when to go to the library D．where to read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：4月23日是世界读书日。让我们讨论一下邀请谁来参加我们的庆祝活动。 考查疑问词+不定式。which place to visit参观哪个地方；who to invite to our celebration邀请谁参加我们的庆祝活动；when to go to the library什么时候去图书馆；where to read去哪里阅读。根据“April 23rd is World Book and Copyright Day”可知，是指邀请谁来参加读书日举办的庆祝活动。故选B。 16．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）—Have you decided ________ to visit in Shanghai? —Sure. We’ll go to Disneyland to see Judy Hopps. A．how B．where C．who D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你决定好去上海哪里玩了吗？ —当然。我们要去迪士尼乐园见朱迪·霍普斯。   考查特殊疑问词用法。how如何；where哪里；who谁；when何时。根据“We’ll go to Disneyland to see Judy Hopps.”可知，问句询问的是地点，需特殊疑问词where。故选B。 17．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）—Daniel, why not stop ________ a rest? —Oh, I can’t stop ________ the kite on such warm spring days. A．having; flying B．to have; to fly C．having; to fly D．to have; flying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，为什么不停下来休息一下？——哦，这么温暖的春天，我不能停止放风筝。 考查非谓语动词。having动名词形式；flying动名词形式；to have动词不定式；to fly动词不定式。stop doing sth.停止做某事；stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事；根据“why not stop…a rest?”可知，是停下来去休息，第一空用to have；根据“on such warm spring days”可知，是不能停止放风筝，第二空用flying。故选D。 18．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）There are so many wonderful books in the bookstore. I can’t decide ________. A．which I can choose it B．to choose which one C．which one to choose D．to choose one which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：书店里有这么多好书，我无法决定选哪一本。 考查“疑问词 + 不定式”作宾语。根据“There are so many wonderful books in the bookstore. I can’t decide...”可知，后跟宾语，“疑问词 + 不定式”结构在句中可作宾语，选项C正确。选项B、D语序错误；选项A中，which在从句中作宾语，因此it应删除。故选C。 19．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Tom noticed a boy ________ a purse to the policeman when he walked past the street corner. A．hand in B．handed in C．handing in D．to hand in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆走过街角时，注意到一个男孩正在把钱包交给警察。 考查非谓语动词。notice sb. doing sth.意为“注意某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，此处指“一个男孩正在把钱包交给警察”。故空处需现在分词作宾语补足语。故选C。 20．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）—Do you mind my ________ some photos of these paintings? —Better not. You can just enjoy them with your eyes, I think. A．taking B．take C．to take D．to taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你介意我给这些画拍几张照片吗？——最好不要。我想，你可以用眼睛欣赏它们。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Do you mind...”可知，mind one’s doing sth.意为“介意某人做某事”，所以用动名词形式taking。故选A。 二．正确形式填空 21．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）We must take action to prevent pollution (live) a better life. 【答案】to live 【详解】句意：我们必须采取行动防止污染，以过上更好的生活。根据“prevent pollution ... a better life”可知，空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to live。 22．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Many teenagers enjoy (ride) shared bikes along the Binhu Road for fun. 【答案】riding 【详解】句意：许多青少年喜欢沿着滨湖路骑共享单车取乐。根据“enjoy”可知，enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，空处需填入动词的动名词形式，ride“骑”，其动名词形式为riding。故填riding。 23．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）They couldn’t stop (laugh) when they watched the funny show. 【答案】laughing 【详解】句意：当他们观看那个有趣的节目时，他们忍不住大笑起来。“stop doing sth.”表示“停止正在做的事情”，“stop to do sth.”表示“停下来去做另一件事”。根据语境，这里表达“忍不住一直大笑”，是停止不了正在进行的“大笑”这个动作，所以用“stop doing sth.”的结构。“laugh”是动词，其动名词形式是“laughing”，在句中作“stop”的宾语。故填laughing。 24．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）He spent two hours (tie) all the packages with string. 【答案】tying 【详解】句意：他花了两个小时用绳子捆好所有的包裹。spend... doing sth“花费……做某事”，空处填填动名词。故填tying。 25．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习） (relaxed) on the beach after visiting it made them feel really good. 【答案】Relaxing 【详解】句意：参观完海滩后，在海滩上放松让他们感觉很好。 relaxed放松的，是形容词，常修饰人。空格处是这句话的主语，结合语境，参观完海滩在海滩上放松让他们感觉很好。此处指“放松”，用动词relax的ing形式relaxing，动名词作主语，relaxing位于句首，首字母大写。故填Relaxing。 26．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）To learn English well, we must practice (speak) English as much as possible. 【答案】speaking 【详解】句意：要学好英语，我们必须尽可能多地练习说英语。practice doing sth“练习做某事”，空处用动名词形式。故填speaking。 27．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）I carried on (do) my homework after a rest. 【答案】doing 【详解】句意：休息之后我继续做我的家庭作业。“carry on doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，所以这里用“do”的动名词形式“doing”。故填doing。 28．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）The job of the volunteer is (help) the people in need. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：志愿者的工作是帮助有需要的人。根据“The job of the volunteer”可知，此处用动词不定式作表语，to help符合句意，故填to help。 29．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）We couldn’t wait (get) off the bus because of the heavy rain. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：因为大雨，我们迫不及待地下了公交车。“can’t wait to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“迫不及待做某事”，所以这里用“to get”。故填to get。 30．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）My sister often goes to school without (have) breakfast. 【答案】having 【详解】句意：我的妹妹经常不吃早饭就去上学。without是介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语，have的动名词是having。故填having。 31．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）The runner kept (run) until he got to the finishing line. 【答案】running 【详解】句意：跑步者一直奔跑，直到他抵达终点线。keep doing sth.“保持做某事”，固定搭配。故空处需动名词。故填running。 32．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）In fact, Gulliver didn’t know how (get) away. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：事实上，格列佛不知道如何离开。这里考查“疑问词 + 不定式”的用法（how to do sth.），表示“如何做某事”，故填to get。 33．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）She once dreamed of a ticket to travel to Beijing alone. (book) 【答案】booking 【详解】句意：她曾梦想过独自预订一张去北京的旅行票。book“预订”，动词，of是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填booking。 34．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Life was different, but I managed (get) used to it. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：生活不一样了，但我设法习惯它。manage to do sth“设法做某事”。故填to get。 35．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）My father does well in almost everything except (tie) his own tie. 【答案】tying 【详解】句意：我父亲几乎擅长所有事情，除了系自己的领带。except是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填tying。 36．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）By (train) local doctors and nurses, we hope to help more people. 【答案】training 【详解】句意：通过培训当地医生和护士，我们希望帮助更多患者。train训练，培训；空前的by是介词，后面应跟动名词形式training。故填training。 37．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Johnny is such a humorous person that every time he tells jokes, we can’t stop (laugh). 【答案】laughing 【详解】句意：Johnny是一个如此幽默的人，以至于每次他讲笑话时，我们都忍不住大笑。can’t stop doing sth“忍不住做某事”，固定词组。故填laughing。 38．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Everyone had better avoid (cross) the road when the traffic light is red. 【答案】crossing 【详解】句意：当红灯亮时，大家最好避免横穿马路。根据“avoid”可知，此处是短语avoid doing sth.，表示“避免做某事”，故填crossing。 39．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Before running, the boy refused (tie) his shoes. Unluckily, he fell over. 【答案】to tie 【详解】句意：在跑步前，那个男孩拒绝系鞋带。不幸的是，他摔倒了。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to tie。 40．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）The young woman has trouble (communicate) with foreigners. 【答案】communicating 【详解】句意：这位年轻女子在与外国人交流方面有困难。根据“The young woman has trouble…with foreigners.”可知，这里考查have trouble (in) doing sth结构，表示“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略，后面要接动词的-ing形式。communicate是动词，其-ing形式是communicating，has trouble communicating with foreigners表示“在与外国人交流方面有困难”，符合语境。故填communicating。 41．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Last Friday at lunchtime, I saw a book (lie) open in the playground, with its pages slightly (bend) from being read. 【答案】 lying bent 【详解】句意：上周五午餐时间，我看到一本摊开的书在操场上，书页因为被阅读过而微微有些卷曲。根据“Last Friday at lunchtime, I saw…from being read.”可知，空处①指的是看到一本摊开的书，see sb./sth. doing sth.意思是“看到某人/某物正在做某事” ，“book”和“lie”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词“lying”作宾语补足语；空处②这里是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构。“pages”和“bend”之间是被动关系，即书页是被弄弯的，所以用过去分词“bent”作宾语补足语，故填lying；bent。 42．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Though having difficulty (speak) Italian, the old man tried hard to make himself (understand) by gesture. 【答案】 speaking understood 【详解】句意：尽管说意大利语有困难，但这位老人还是努力用手势使自己被理解。根据“Though having difficulty”可知，此处为固定搭配have difficulty doing sth，意为“做某事有困难”，所以speak要变为动名词形式speaking。根据“make himself …”可知，此处为make oneself done结构，意为“使某人被……”，所以要用其过去分词形式understood。故填speaking；understood。 43．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）The old man is seen (walk) slowly along the quiet street every day after breakfast, (enjoy) the fresh morning air. 【答案】 to walk enjoying 【详解】句意：每天早餐后，人们都看到这位老人沿着安静的街道缓慢行走，享受着早晨清新的空气。“see sb. do sth.”结构，当变成被动语态“sb. be seen to do sth.”时，原来省略的不定式符号“to”要还原。这里表示 “老人被看到每天早餐后沿着街道走”，强调动作的全过程，所以用to walk；根据“…the fresh morning air”可知，此处是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，且与主语之间是主动关系，所以用enjoying。故填to walk；enjoying。 44．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）When you leave the office, remember (turn) off the lights. 【答案】to turn 【详解】句意：当你离开办公室时，记得关灯。根据“When you leave the office”可知，此处表示记得要关灯，remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to turn。 45．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）My plan for the weekend is (finish) all my work early, so that I (have) plenty of time to relax and enjoy myself. 【答案】 to finish will have 【详解】句意：我周末的计划是早点完成所有的工作，这样我就会有充足的时间来放松和享受生活。根据“My plan for the…plenty of time to relax and enjoy myself.”可知，空处①这里“is”是系动词，后面需要用动词不定式“to do”结构作表语，表示计划的内容；空处②“so that”引导目的状语从句，根据“so that I…relax and enjoy myself.”可知，这里表示将来的动作，“我将会有充足时间”，所以用一般将来时“will + 动词原形”，故填to finish；will have。 46．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）The smart device to the Wi-Fi allows us to control appliances (电器) for far away and keeps a with our app. (connect) 【答案】 connected connection 【详解】句意：连接到Wi-Fi的智能设备让我们能够远程控制电器，并与我们的应用程序保持连接。根据“The smart device…to the Wi-Fi”可知，此处是指连接到Wi-Fi的智能设备，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“smart device”，connect的过去分词形式是connected；keep a connection是固定短语，意为“保持连接”。故填connected；connection。 47．（24-25八年级下·全国·课后作业）I walked around the West Lake and couldn’t stop (take) photos. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：我绕着西湖走，并忍不住地拍照。can’t stop doing sth“忍不住做某事”，空处填动词ing形式。take“照相”，动词，其ing形式为taking。故填taking。 48．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Now more and more people are used to (pick) goods that are both good in quality and low at price. 【答案】picking 【详解】句意：现在越来越多的人习惯于挑选物美价廉的商品。be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”。故填picking。 49．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）Nowadays people of most countries often greet each other by (shake) hands. 【答案】shaking 【详解】句意：如今，大多数国家的人们经常通过握手来互相问候。shake“握手”，为动词；空格前是介词by，后跟动名词形式。故填shaking。 50．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习）At least give him the chance of (explain) what happened. 【答案】explaining 【详解】句意：至少给他一个机会来解释发生了什么。根据“the chance of...”可知本题考查的是动名词的用法。在句子中，“the chance of” 后面需要接一个动名词形式，表示“做某事的机会”。“explain” 是动词，其动名词形式为 “explaining”，在句子中作介词 “of” 的宾语。故填 explaining。 三．完成句子 51．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）我已经决定如何处理这些书了。 I what to these books. 【答案】 have decided do with 【详解】根据语境可知，句子用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，动词decide“决定”，用过去分词decided，第一个空填have decided；第二个空do with，表示“处理”；空前有不定式符号to，用原形。故填have decided；do with。 52．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）他从未梦想过采访那位世界著名的歌手。 He that world-famous singer. 【答案】has never dreamed of interviewing 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“从未梦想过采访”；never“从未”；dream of“梦想”，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为“He”，应用has dreamed of；interview“采访”，用动名词形式，作宾语。故填has never dreamed of interviewing。 53．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）用微信保持联系是年轻人所喜欢的一种方式。 through WeChat is a way that young people like. 【答案】Keeping in touch 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“保持联系”，英文表达为“keep in touch”，固定短语；此处作主语，应使用动名词形式。故填Keeping in touch。 54．（24-25八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）Kitty them and ran after couldn’t taking stop photos . 【答案】Kitty couldn’t stop taking photos and ran after them 【详解】根据所给标点是句号可知，本句是陈述句，时态是一般过去时。分析所给单词，Kitty作主语；“couldn’t stop taking photos”是第一个谓语动词短语，其中“couldn’t stop doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“忍不住做某事；不停地做某事”，“take photos”是“拍照”；“and”是并列连词；“ran after them”是第二个谓语动词短语，“ran after”是“追赶”，“them”是宾语。故填Kitty couldn’t stop taking photos and ran after them“基蒂不停地拍照，并且追赶着它们”。 55．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）你已经决定怎么处理这些书了吗？ Have you decided with these books yet? 【答案】what to do 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处表示“怎样处理”这些书，可用“what to do with”来表达，空后已有with。故填what to do。 56．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）在翻译完这么多页后，我筋疲力尽了，什么都不想做。 I so many pages and I don’t want to do anything. 【答案】am tired out after translating 【详解】对照中英文，空处应填“筋疲力尽在翻译完之后”。be tired out“精疲力尽”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语是I，be动词用am；after“在……之后”，介词，后接动名词作宾语，translate“翻译”，动名词形式为translating。故填am tired out after translating。 57．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）我叔叔已经习惯在上海工作，但他经常与淮安的朋友保持联系。 My uncle has been in Shanghai. However, he often with the friends in Huai’an. 【答案】 used to working keeps in touch 【详解】对照中英文可知缺少“习惯工作”和“保持联系”。“习惯做某事”be used to doing sth，“工作”work，此处应用动名词working；“保持联系”keep in touch，由often可知是一般现在时，主语是三单，动词用三单形式keeps。故填used to working；keeps in touch。 58．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）It is a good way to keep diaries in our daily life. It is easy for us to remember things. diaries every day can help us remember things . 【答案】 keeping clearly 【详解】句意：每天记日记可以帮助我们更清晰地记住事情。分析句式结构可知：① 此处需要动名词作主语，表示“记日记”这一行为，故填“keeping”。 根据上下文逻辑，此处需补充副词修饰动词“remember”，故填“clearly”。故填keeping；clearly。 59．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）近年来，越来越多的年轻人已经习惯用微信保持联系了。 More and more young people in touch with each other by using Wechat over the years. 【答案】have been used to keeping 【详解】根据英汉对照可知，此处缺少“习惯于做某事”， 固定短语be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，根据“over the years”可知，句子时态要用现在完成时。其结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语“More and more young people”是复数，所以助动词用have，be的过去分词是been，keep in touch with表示“与……保持联系”，keep要用动名词形式keeping。故填have been used to keeping。 60．（24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）我忍不住和琳娜贝尔合影，因为她看起来很可爱。 I couldn’t with LinaBell because she looked cute. 【答案】 stop/help taking photos 【详解】“忍不住做某事”对应的表达是couldn’t stop/help doing sth；take photos“拍照”，故填stop/help；taking；photos。 （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。 Through Time, Books and Roads When I opened my great-grandmother’s diary, her 1 (word) painted a completely different world. Back in Suzhou in the 1950s, people 2 (travel) by bicycle along narrow streets lined with tea houses. The air smelled 3 (fresh) than today, and the only “screen” they knew was the silk embroidery frame. Last summer, I took 4 train to visit her hometown. Modern skyscrapers (摩天大楼) now stand 5 the old canals (运河). Traditional markets have disappeared, 6 colorful billboards light up the nights. A local shopkeeper sighed, “Progress is good, but we must protect 7 (we) culture too.” To dig deeper, I have read some historical books at the library 8 (recent). One book described how Suzhou’s artists creatively blended (融合) old crafts with new technology. 9 (slow), I began to see the city 10 two angles (角度): a rushing metropolis (大都会) and a poetic water town. 【答案】1．words 2．travelled 3．fresher 4．a 5．by/beside 6．but 7．our 8．recently 9．Slowly 10．from 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过对比苏州过去和现在的变化，探讨了城市发展与文化保护的关系。 1．句意：当我打开曾祖母的日记时，她的话描绘出一个完全不同的世界。word表示“话”时是可数名词，这里指曾祖母日记里的话，不止一句，所以用复数形式。故填words。 2．句意：20世纪50年代在苏州，人们沿着两旁有茶馆的狭窄街道骑自行车出行。根据时间状语“in the 1950s”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，travel的过去式是travelled。故填travelled。 3．句意：空气闻起来比今天更清新，他们所知道的唯一“屏幕”是丝绸刺绣框架。根据“than today”可知，这里要用形容词fresh的比较级形式fresher，表示“更清新的”。故填fresher。 4．句意：去年夏天，我乘火车去参观她的家乡。take a train是固定搭配，表示“乘火车”。故填a。 5．句意：现代摩天大楼如今矗立在古老的运河旁。这里需要一个表示“在……旁边”的介词，by或者beside都有此含义。故填by或beside。 6．句意：传统市场已经消失了，但是彩色广告牌照亮了夜晚。前半句说传统市场消失，后半句说彩色广告牌的情况，前后句是转折关系，所以用but连接。故填but。 7．句意：一位当地店主叹息道：“进步是好的，但我们也必须保护我们的文化。” 这里需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰名词culture，表示“我们的”，we的形容词性物主代词是our。故填our。 8．句意：为了深入探究，我最近在图书馆读了一些历史书籍。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词read，recent的副词形式是recently。故填recently。 9．句意：慢慢地，我开始从两个角度看待这座城市：一个飞速发展的大都会和一个充满诗意的水乡。这里需要一个副词作状语，修饰整个句子，slow的副词形式是Slowly，句首单词首字母大写。故填Slowly。 10．句意：慢慢地，我开始从两个角度看待这座城市：一个飞速发展的大都会和一个充满诗意的水乡。from two angles表示“从两个角度”，是固定搭配。故填from。 （24-25八年级下·陕西西安·期中） More students are learning CPR these days. Here’s 1 story about how a boy used it. On a Friday afternoon, Bob was very happy to go home after school. He opened the door and 2 , “Grandpa, I am coming back!” But there was no answer. It was a little strange, so he went to Grandpa’s bedroom to find 3 . Bob knocked (敲) on the door and opened it. To his surprise, Bob saw his grandpa lying 4 the ground next to his bed. Bob was afraid but he calmed (冷静) himself down. Luckily, there 5 a health class at Bob’s school last week, and he learned what he 6   do in the face of this problem. Bob ran to the phone and called 120. The nurse answered the phone and asked him 7 for the ambulance (救护车) and doctors to arrive. 8 he was waiting, the nurse gave Bob some advice and asked him to do CPR as soon as possible. Thankfully, the class had taught him how to do CPR. Bob pressed his grandpa’s chest (胸部) with both his hands again and again according to what he had learned. About ten 9 later, the doctors arrived. They checked his grandpa and sent him to the hospital 10 . At last, thanks to Bob for doing CPR in time, his grandpa was out of danger. The doctors and his parents all praised (夸奖) him. For Bob, he was also proud of his action. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．shout B．shouts C．shouted D．will shout 3．A．his B．him C．he D．himself 4．A．in B．for C．under D．on 5．A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．A．should B．might C．shall D．may 7．A．wait B．to wait C．pay D．to pay 8．A．If B．Because C．Though D．While 9．A．minute B．minutes C．hour D．hours 10．A．crazy B．crazily C．quick D．quickly 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个男孩在学校学习了心肺复苏术（CPR）后，成功用它在紧急情况下救了他爷爷的故事。 1．句意：这里有一个关于一个男孩如何使用它的故事。 a一个，用于辅音音素前；an一个，用于元音音素前；the定冠词，表特指；/不填。空后story是单数名词，且首字母发辅音音素，所以不定冠词用a修饰。故选A。 2．句意：他打开门并喊道：“爷爷，我回来了！” shout喊，原形；shouts喊，三单形式；shouted喊，过去式；will shout将喊，一般将来时。根据“He opened the door and”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式。故选C。 3．句意：这有点奇怪，所以他去爷爷的卧室找他。 his他的；him他，宾格；he他，主格；himself他自己。根据“to find”可知，空处在句中作宾语，所以用宾格代词。故选B。 4．句意：令鲍勃吃惊的是，他看到爷爷躺在他床边的地上。 in在……里面；for为了；under在……下面；on在……上面。根据“lying....the ground”可知，应是躺在地上。故选D。 5．句意：幸运的是，上周鲍勃的学校有一节健康课，他学会了面对这个问题应该怎么做。 is是，现在时；are是，现在时，复数；was是，过去时；were是，过去时，复数。根据“last week”可知，时态用一般过去时，且主语“a health class”是单数，所以用was。故选C。 6．句意：幸运的是，上周鲍勃的学校有一节健康课，他学会了面对这个问题应该怎么做。 should应该；might可能；shall将，用于第一人称；may可能。根据“a health class”和“he learned what...he do in the face of this problem”可知，应是健康课让作者学会了面对爷爷这种情况应该怎么做。故选A。 7．句意：护士接了电话，让他等救护车和医生来。 wait等待，原形；to wait等待，不定式；pay支付，原形；to pay支付，不定式。ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式。故选B。 8．句意：在他等待的时候，护士给了他一些建议并让他尽快做心肺复苏。 If如果；Because因为；Though尽管；While当……时候。根据“he was waiting”和“he nurse gave Bob some advice...”可知，前半句是后半句的时间状语，所以用while引导时间状语从句。故选D。 9．句意：大约十分钟后，医生们到了。 minute分钟，单数；minutes分钟，复数；hour小时，单数；hours小时，复数。根据“About ten...later”及常识可知，救护车速度通常很快，且空处用复数名词，所以minutes符合语境。故选B。 10．句意：他们检查了他的爷爷并迅速把他送到了医院。 crazy疯狂的；crazily疯狂地；quick快的；quickly迅速地。根据“sent him to the hospital....”可知，修饰动词sent应用副词形式，且爷爷是急病，所以是迅速送往医院。故选D。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$