暑假作业03 现在完成时-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（牛津译林版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业03 现在完成时 基本结构 主语+have/has +done(动词的过去分词) 常见时 间状语 already, just, never, yet, before, so far, recently, lately, for + 时间段,since + 时间点,以及since引导的时间状语从句,等 高频考点 ①for与since作时间状语;②延续性动词与短暂性动词,短暂性动词(肯定式)表示的动作极其短暂,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,如for two years、 since five years ago、 since he came here等。但短暂性动词可转换成以下几种形式与一段时间连用:转换成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,如buy-have、 borrow-keep、 come(go)-be等;转换成“be+名词”的形式,如join the army-be a soldier、 join the party-be a party member;转换成“be+形容词(副词)”的形式,如die-be dead、 open-be open、 close-be closed、 fall asleep-be asleep、 leave-be away、 finish-be over等;转换成“be+介词短语”的形式,如join the army-be in the army、 go to school-be in school等。在使用英语时,为避免短暂性动词和时间段的冲突,可将“原句+for+时间段”改为“It is+时间段+since +原句”或将“原句+for+时间段”改为“原句+时间段+ago”;③对has (have) gone to、 has (have) been to和has (have) been in的考查。例如: A lot of new things have happened here since three years ago (不能使用since three years). 从三年前开始这里发生了许多新鲜事。 have/has gone to, have/has been to 和have/has been in(at)的区别 have/has gone to “已经去某地了”(表示去了某地,现在人不在这儿),暗指“此刻已经在去某地的途中或已到达了某地” have/has been to “到过/去过某地”(表示过去/曾经去过某地,现在已经返回),常与once、 twice、 three times等词连用 have/has been in/at “在某地待了多久了”(强调过去到现在一直待在某地),常和how long一起构成“在某地待了多久”的疑问句,也常与since或for等引导的句子或短语连用。have/has been接大地点时常用介词in,接小地点时常用介词at 温馨提示 have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has been in(at) 三个词组后接副词(here、 there等)时,短语后均不带介词to。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—Is Ms. Green in the office now? —No. _______ the library. A．He has been to B．He has gone to C．She has been to D．She has gone to 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Sorry, Miss Tang, I am late. —It doesn’t matter. The class ________ for just several minutes. You don’t miss too much. A．began B．has begun C．has been on D．is beginning 3．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）Astronauts (宇航员) on the Chinese Space Station _______ some plants already, and it helps us learn about living in space. A．grew B．were growing C．have grown D．will grow 4．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Where is Miss Smith, Jenny? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left half an hour ago. A．has gone to B．has been to C．is going to D．goes to 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Where is Miss Smith, Tina? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left ten minutes ago. A．has been to B．has gone to C．is going to D．goes to 6．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Let’s turn on the TV and enjoy watching the football match. —It’s too late. It ________ for half an hour. And the result is 1-0, China won. A．has finished B．has begun C．has been on D．has been over 7．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）— Hello! May I speak to Jack? —Sorry. He ________ to the library. A．goes B．went C．has gone D．has been 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）Jenny can tell every street in Zhenjiang because she ________ this city for 22 years. A．was B．has been in C．has been to D．has gone to 9．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Though the great scientist __________ for three years, we will never forget the contribution he made. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead 10．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Amy with her parents ________ the cinema to watch the film. —Oh, that’s why they are not at home now. A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to 11．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Xuyi, a city in Jiangsu Province, ________ for its crayfish (龙虾) since 2000. A．is famous B．was famous C．will be famous D．has been famous 12．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期末）—French films are my cup of tea. Some of them are really wonderful. —Oh, what a pity! I ________ any of them. A．won’t watch B．am not watching C．was watching D．haven’t watched 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Where is Mr. White, Martina? —He __________ Hong Kong. He will come back next week. A．goes to B．has been to C．is going to D．has gone to 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）Gulliver’s Travels is very interesting. My brother ________ it many times. A．reads B．is reading C．will read D．has read 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）School violence (暴力) ________ much attention of the whole society, and people are calling on the government to make laws as soon as possible. A．caught B．has caught C．was catching D．will catch 二．正确形式填空 16．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Tom and Linda (marry) for ten years, but they never argue with each other. 17．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Great changes (take) place in Huai’an in the past two years. 18．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Linda has not (realize) the importance of doing exercise. 19．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）The government (try) to stop people from littering recently. 20．（22-23八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）It has been five years since he (teach) at primary school. 21．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—Can I use the computer to search for information now? —Of course, we (repair) it. Help yourself! 22．（21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Have you ever (write) to your parents to ask for help? 23．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）He to London. He will be back in two weeks. (go) 24．（21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）I have the book for two days. (keep) 25．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）25 years (pass) since Hong Kong returned to China. 26．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）I have (借) the dictionary for half a month. It’s time to give it back. 27．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）They have (生产) a plastic box like you can see on the design paper. 28．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Have you the books to the library? —Of course. (归还) 29．（22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）The meeting has been (结束) for nearly half an hour. 30．（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）More people have the importance of protecting the environment. (意识到) 三．完形句子 31．（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）Now I have (意识到) the importance of protecting the environment. 32．（22-23八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）By working together, we have （达成） great things. 33．（22-23八年级下·江苏·期末）Mr Li has (解释) the Maths problem to us several times, but most of us still can’t understand it. 34．（21-22八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Shanghai has (发展) a lot since it released from the disease control on June 1. 35．（21-22八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）She (借) the book for nearly one month. Please tell her to give it back. （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first home was a beautiful grassland with a pond (池塘) of clean water. There 1 some large trees near the pond. On 2 side of the grassland was a field and on the other was the house of our master, Farmer Grey. During the day I ran around the grassland 3 my mother. At night I 4 (lie) next to her. She was a good mother. Life was free and easy. Because it was h 5 , we stood under the trees by the pond. When it was cold, we stayed in a shed (马棚) to keep warm and most of the time we were 6 (sleep). There were six young horses in our grassland. I used to play with 7 (they) and had great fun. But one day my mother said to me, “The young 8 (horse)are rude, while you are polite and are going to grow up gentle and good. Now, remember, do your work 9 (good) and don’t bite or kick. I never forgot my 10 (mother) advice (忠告). 1.（24-25八年级下·陕西延安·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 To be a volunteer is really a wonderful experience for me. Four years ago, I 1 a club with the name of Helping Others. Soon after that, I began to do many things 2 those who needed help. For example, I often helped old people cross the roads, bought some food 3 homeless children and did small acts for our neighbors in need. Today is the International Volunteer Day. We volunteer by the sea. It is only 4 ride from our house to the sea. In the morning, my parents and I rode there as 5 as usual with a bag to put the bottles in. Many people were enjoying 6 on the beach, but some of them left bottles on it. So we decided to clean the beach. We spent the whole morning picking up the bottles on the beach. It 7 a really meaningful day It is 8 very great experience and we will continue doing that on our own. We should try our best to protect (保护) the environment 9 we have only one earth. We need more 10 to make a difference to the world. 1．A．join B．will join C．is joining D．joined 2．A．help B．to help C．stop D．to stop 3．A．for B．about C．on D．of 4．A．20 minute B．20 minutes C．20 minute’s D．20 minutes’ 5．A．hardly B．slowly C．early D．quietly 6．A．them B．themselves C．your D．yourselves 7．A．is B．are C．was D．were 8．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 9．A．or B．but C．so D．because 10．A．volunteer B．volunteers C．visitor D．visitors 2.（24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文连贯完整。 Many kids don’t like to eat vegetables. What is the 1 way of all to get kids to eat vegetables? Well, a school in California has found the answer: start a programme to make them grow 2 own vegetables at school. The Edible Schoolyard (可食校园) at a middle school 3 a place for students to enjoy growing, cooking and eating vegetables since the programme was started. Alice Waters came up with the programme. She hoped 4 a new way to teach children about healthy eating. “We have a huge problem of bad eating habits 5 the United States, and teaching about healthy eating cannot just be left to parents,” Waters said. She tells us how it works. “In the Edible Schoolyard, there is a garden 6 a kitchen classroom. Students are the keepers of the garden. They plant and care for the garden. In 7 kitchen classroom, they learn to cook and eat what they have grown themselves.” Over their three years, a student will have 60 classes in the programme. They come to the garden with their science teacher and they 8 to the kitchen by their humanities (人文学科) teacher. “If your kids always complain 9 carrots, they may feel different after picking some carrots from the ground with their own hands. Some personal participation (参与) might 10 them love vegetables,” said Waters. 1．A．better B．best C．shorter D．shortest 2．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 3．A．is B．was C．will be D．has been 4．A．develop B．to develop C．perform D．to perform 5．A．in B．out C．at D．on 6．A．or B．so C．and D．but 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．bring B．are brought C．brought D．were brought 9．A．why they should eat B．why should they eat C．how they should eat D．how should they eat 10．A．makes B．making C．made D．make 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业03 现在完成时 基本结构 主语+have/has +done(动词的过去分词) 常见时 间状语 already, just, never, yet, before, so far, recently, lately, for + 时间段,since + 时间点,以及since引导的时间状语从句,等 高频考点 ①for与since作时间状语;②延续性动词与短暂性动词,短暂性动词(肯定式)表示的动作极其短暂,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,如for two years、 since five years ago、 since he came here等。但短暂性动词可转换成以下几种形式与一段时间连用:转换成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,如buy-have、 borrow-keep、 come(go)-be等;转换成“be+名词”的形式,如join the army-be a soldier、 join the party-be a party member;转换成“be+形容词(副词)”的形式,如die-be dead、 open-be open、 close-be closed、 fall asleep-be asleep、 leave-be away、 finish-be over等;转换成“be+介词短语”的形式,如join the army-be in the army、 go to school-be in school等。在使用英语时,为避免短暂性动词和时间段的冲突,可将“原句+for+时间段”改为“It is+时间段+since +原句”或将“原句+for+时间段”改为“原句+时间段+ago”;③对has (have) gone to、 has (have) been to和has (have) been in的考查。例如: A lot of new things have happened here since three years ago (不能使用since three years). 从三年前开始这里发生了许多新鲜事。 have/has gone to, have/has been to 和have/has been in(at)的区别 have/has gone to “已经去某地了”(表示去了某地,现在人不在这儿),暗指“此刻已经在去某地的途中或已到达了某地” have/has been to “到过/去过某地”(表示过去/曾经去过某地,现在已经返回),常与once、 twice、 three times等词连用 have/has been in/at “在某地待了多久了”(强调过去到现在一直待在某地),常和how long一起构成“在某地待了多久”的疑问句,也常与since或for等引导的句子或短语连用。have/has been接大地点时常用介词in,接小地点时常用介词at 温馨提示 have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has been in(at) 三个词组后接副词(here、 there等)时,短语后均不带介词to。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—Is Ms. Green in the office now? —No. _______ the library. A．He has been to B．He has gone to C．She has been to D．She has gone to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——格林女士现在在办公室吗？——不在。她去图书馆了。 考查have been to和have gone to的区别。have been to+地点，表示曾经去过某地，已经回来；have gone to+地点，表示已经去了某地，还没回来。Ms. Green是女性，应用she指代，排除A、B；根据回答“no”可知格林女士现在不在办公室，是去了图书馆还没回来，用“has gone to”。故选D。 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Sorry, Miss Tang, I am late. —It doesn’t matter. The class ________ for just several minutes. You don’t miss too much. A．began B．has begun C．has been on D．is beginning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——抱歉唐老师，我迟到了。——没关系，课程才开几分钟。你没有错过太多。 考查动词时态。根据“for just several minutes”可知，时态用现在完成时have/has done，且与一段时间连用，动词用延续性动词；根据“You don’t miss too much.”可知，是指课程才开几分钟，begin“开始”，是短暂性动词，应转为对应的延续性动词be on。故选C。 3．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）Astronauts (宇航员) on the Chinese Space Station _______ some plants already, and it helps us learn about living in space. A．grew B．were growing C．have grown D．will grow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国空间站上的宇航员已经种植了一些植物，这有助于我们了解太空生活。 考查动词时态。根据“already”是现在完成时的标志词可知，此处用现在完成时（have/has done），故选C。 4．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Where is Miss Smith, Jenny? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left half an hour ago. A．has gone to B．has been to C．is going to D．goes to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——珍妮，史密斯小姐在哪里？——她去公司参加一个重要的会议。她半个小时前就离开了。 考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地；has been to去过某地；is going to将要；goes to到……去。根据“She left half an hour ago.”可知，她半个小时前就离开了，说明此时人不在这里，应用have gone to表示“去了某地（人还没回来）”。故选A。 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Where is Miss Smith, Tina? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left ten minutes ago. A．has been to B．has gone to C．is going to D．goes to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——史密斯小姐在哪里，蒂娜？——她去公司参加一个重要会议了。她十分钟前就走了。 考查现在完成时。has been to去过某地（已经回来了）；has gone to去了某地（还没有回来）；is going to将会去；goes to去。根据“She left ten minutes ago”可知，Tina已经离开了，不在这里了，应用has gone to。故选B。 6．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Let’s turn on the TV and enjoy watching the football match. —It’s too late. It ________ for half an hour. And the result is 1-0, China won. A．has finished B．has begun C．has been on D．has been over 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——让我们打开电视观看足球比赛吧。——太晚了。球赛已经结束了半个小时，结果是1比0，中国队赢了。 考查现在完成时态。在现在完成时态中，当与一段时间状语连用时，谓语应用延续性动词，finish表示“完成”，begin表示“开始”，都是短暂性动词，则对应的延续性动词分别是be over和be on。根据题干中“And the result is 1-0, China won. ”可知，足球比赛已经结束了半个小时，则此处应用be over。故选D。 7．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）— Hello! May I speak to Jack? —Sorry. He ________ to the library. A．goes B．went C．has gone D．has been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好！我可以和Jack说话吗？——抱歉。他去了图书馆。 考查现在完成时及have been to和have gone to的辨析。have been to+地点：去过某地已回来；have gone to+地点：去了某地还未回来。根据“May I speak to Jack”和“Sorry”可知Jack在过去某个时间去了图书馆还未回来，而造成的影响是现在不能接电话，所以应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故选C。 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）Jenny can tell every street in Zhenjiang because she ________ this city for 22 years. A．was B．has been in C．has been to D．has gone to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Jenny可以分辨得出镇江的每一条街道，因为她已经在这个城市22年了。 考查现在完成时。was用来表示某人或某物即主语本身，用来表示某人或某物属于某一群体或有某种性质（ be的过去式 ）；has been in待在某个地方；has been to曾经到过；has gone to到某地去了。根据“for 22 years”可知句子采用现在完成时，排除A选项；根据“Jenny can tell every street in Zhenjiang”可知，她熟悉镇江的每一条街道，说明她在这个地方时间很久，谓语应用延续性动词，即用be in表示“在……”。故选B。 9．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Though the great scientist __________ for three years, we will never forget the contribution he made. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然这位伟大的科学家已经去世三年了，但是我们永远不会忘记他所作出的贡献。 考查延续性动词。根据“for three years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时have/has done，且动词要用延续性动词，die为短暂性动词，其延续性动词为be dead。故选C。 10．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Amy with her parents ________ the cinema to watch the film. —Oh, that’s why they are not at home now. A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——艾米和她的父母去电影院看电影了。——哦，这就是他们现在不在家的原因。 考查动词短语和主谓一致。have/has gone to去了，还未回来；have/has been to去过，已回来。根据“that’s why they are not at home now.”可知，他们不在家，应是去电影院了；主语是Amy with her parents，助动词用has。故选A。 11．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Xuyi, a city in Jiangsu Province, ________ for its crayfish (龙虾) since 2000. A．is famous B．was famous C．will be famous D．has been famous 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自2000年以来，江苏省盱眙县一直以小龙虾闻名。 考查现在完成时。根据“since 2000”可知，句子的时态是现在完成时，谓语动词构成是have/has done，be famous for意为“以……而闻名”，固定词组。故选D。 12．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期末）—French films are my cup of tea. Some of them are really wonderful. —Oh, what a pity! I ________ any of them. A．won’t watch B．am not watching C．was watching D．haven’t watched 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我喜欢法国电影。其中一些真的很棒。——哦，太遗憾了！我没有看过它们中的任何一个。 考查动词时态。根据“Oh, what a pity! I...any of them.”可知此处指到现在为止，从来没有看过任何一部法国电影，需使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选D。 13．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Where is Mr. White, Martina? —He __________ Hong Kong. He will come back next week. A．goes to B．has been to C．is going to D．has gone to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——玛蒂娜，怀特先生在哪里？——他去了香港。他下周会回来。 考查现在完成时。goes to去；has been to曾经去过；is going to将要去；has gone to去了某地。根据“He will come back next week.”可知，此时怀特先生在香港，所以应用has gone to，表示去了某地，还没回来，故选D。 14．（23-24八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）Gulliver’s Travels is very interesting. My brother ________ it many times. A．reads B．is reading C．will read D．has read 【答案】D 【详解】句意：《格列佛游记》非常有趣。我哥哥已经读过很多遍了。 考查动词时态。结合“many times.”可知此处需用现在完成时，表示已经读过很多遍了。结构为have/has done。故选D。 15．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）School violence (暴力) ________ much attention of the whole society, and people are calling on the government to make laws as soon as possible. A．caught B．has caught C．was catching D．will catch 【答案】B 【详解】句意：校园暴力已经引起全社会的关注，人们呼吁政府尽快制定法律。 考查现在完成时。分析句子可知这个动作是发生在过去，对现在造成影响，就是引起了广泛的关注，所以是现在完成时。故选B。 二．正确形式填空 16．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Tom and Linda (marry) for ten years, but they never argue with each other. 【答案】have been married 【详解】句意：汤姆和琳达已经结婚十年了，但他们从不争吵。根据“for ten years”可知，“for+一段时间”常与现在完成时连用，其结构是：have/has+动词过去分词；分析题干和提示词可知，此处表示“已婚”的状态，应用短语be married，be的过去分词是been，主语“Tom and Linda”表示复数，所以助动词应用have。故填have been married。 17．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Great changes (take) place in Huai’an in the past two years. 【答案】have taken 【详解】句意：在过去的两年里，淮安发生了巨大的变化。根据“in the past two years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时；主语为“Great changes”，所以此处应填have taken。故填have taken。 18．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Linda has not (realize) the importance of doing exercise. 【答案】realized 【详解】句意：琳达还没有意识到锻炼的重要性。根据“has”可知，此处是现在完成时，故空处应该填realize的过去分词realized。故填realized。 19．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）The government (try) to stop people from littering recently. 【答案】has tried 【详解】句意：政府最近试图阻止人们乱扔垃圾。根据“recently”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done；主语“The government”为第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词try的过去分词为tried。故填has tried。 20．（22-23八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）It has been five years since he (teach) at primary school. 【答案】taught 【详解】句意：自从他在小学教书已经有五年了。teach“教，教授”，动词；根据“It has been five years since he”可知，since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时，所以动词使用过去式。故填taught。 21．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—Can I use the computer to search for information now? —Of course, we (repair) it. Help yourself! 【答案】have repaired 【详解】句意：——我现在可以用电脑搜索信息吗？——当然，我们已经修好了。请自便！根据答语“Of course...Help yourself！”可知这里说的是已经修好了电脑，所以时态应该用现在完成时，基本构成：have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是we，复数形式，所以助动词用have，故填have repaired。 22．（21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Have you ever (write) to your parents to ask for help? 【答案】written 【详解】句意：你曾经写信给你的父母求助了吗？根据助动词“have”可知句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故填written。 23．（21-22八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）He to London. He will be back in two weeks. (go) 【答案】has gone 【详解】句意：他去伦敦了。 他将在两周后回来。根据“He will be back in two weeks”可知，去了伦敦还未回来，用have/has gone to表示“去了某地”，主语he是第三人称单数形式，助动词用has，故填has gone。 24．（21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）I have the book for two days. (keep) 【答案】kept 【详解】句意：这本书我已经借了两天了。根据空前的have及空后的for two days可知，句子是现在完成时，空处动词用过去分词形式kept。故填kept。 25．（21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）25 years (pass) since Hong Kong returned to China. 【答案】has passed 【详解】句意：距离香港回归中国已经过去25年了。根据下文“since Hong Kong returned to China”可知，句子应用现在完成时，即“have +过去分词”结构。表时间长度、钱数、速度等的词组作主语时，此时通常将其视为整体，谓语用单数，主语为“25 years”，故have应用第三人称单数形式has，故填has passed。 26．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）I have (借) the dictionary for half a month. It’s time to give it back. 【答案】kept 【详解】句意：这本书我已经借了半个月了。是时候归还了。borrow“借”，是非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用，而句中有“for half a month”，此处可以用keep代替。此处是现在完成时，助动词have后接过去分词，故填kept。 27．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）They have (生产) a plastic box like you can see on the design paper. 【答案】produced 【详解】句意：他们生产了一个塑料盒，就像你在设计图纸上看到的那样。“生产”的英文表达是produce，动词，空前的have是现在完成时的助动词，其后接动词过去分词，所以空格处应填produce的过去分词produced。故填produced。 28．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Have you the books to the library? —Of course. (归还) 【答案】returned 【详解】句意：——你把书归还给图书馆了吗？——当然了。根据汉语提示可知此处应用动词“return”，根据“Have…”可知句子为现在完成时，动词需变为过去分词“returned”。故填returned。 29．（22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）The meeting has been (结束) for nearly half an hour. 【答案】over 【详解】句意：这个会议已经结束大约半小时了。根据“for nearly half an hour”可知，空处用延续性动词；be over“结束”，延续性结构，与一段时间连用，故填over。 30．（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）More people have the importance of protecting the environment. (意识到) 【答案】realized 【详解】句意：更多的人意识到保护环境的重要性。realize“意识到”，空处用过去分词与have一起构成现在完成时。故填realized。 三．完形句子 31．（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）Now I have (意识到) the importance of protecting the environment. 【答案】realized 【详解】句意：现在我已经认识到保护环境的重要性。根据“Now I have…”可以判断句子使用现在完成时，结构为：have/has+动词的过去分词形式，动词realize的过去分词为realized“意识到”，故填realized。 32．（22-23八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）By working together, we have （达成） great things. 【答案】achieved 【详解】句意：通过共同努力，我们取得了伟大的成就。达成：achieve，此处用过去分词和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填achieved。 33．（22-23八年级下·江苏·期末）Mr Li has (解释) the Maths problem to us several times, but most of us still can’t understand it. 【答案】explained 【详解】句意：李老师已经给我们解释了好几遍数学题，但我们大多数人还是听不懂。explain“解释”，动词。此处是现在完成时，结构是has done，故explain用其过去分词形式。故填explained。 34．（21-22八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Shanghai has (发展) a lot since it released from the disease control on June 1. 【答案】developed 【详解】句意：上海自6月1日解除疫情控制以来，取得了很大的发展。develop“发展”，has与过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填developed。 35．（21-22八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）She (借) the book for nearly one month. Please tell her to give it back. 【答案】has kept 【详解】句意：这本书她已经借了将近一个月了。请告诉她把它还给我。borrow“借”，是非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用，可以用keep代替。此处是现在完成时，主语是she，助动词用has，故填has kept。 （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first home was a beautiful grassland with a pond (池塘) of clean water. There 1 some large trees near the pond. On 2 side of the grassland was a field and on the other was the house of our master, Farmer Grey. During the day I ran around the grassland 3 my mother. At night I 4 (lie) next to her. She was a good mother. Life was free and easy. Because it was h 5 , we stood under the trees by the pond. When it was cold, we stayed in a shed (马棚) to keep warm and most of the time we were 6 (sleep). There were six young horses in our grassland. I used to play with 7 (they) and had great fun. But one day my mother said to me, “The young 8 (horse)are rude, while you are polite and are going to grow up gentle and good. Now, remember, do your work 9 (good) and don’t bite or kick. I never forgot my 10 (mother) advice (忠告). 【答案】1．were 2．one 3．with 4．lay 5．(h)ot 6．asleep/sleeping 7．them 8．horses 9．well 10．mother’s 【导语】本文出自小说《黑骏马》，文章讲述了黑骏马的第一个家以及他在那里与妈妈一起生活的日子。 1．句意：池塘附近有几棵大树。本句是There be句型，主语some large trees是复数且时态是一般过去时，be动词用were。故填were。 2．句意：草地的一边是一块田地，另一边是我们的主人，农夫格雷的房子。根据“and on the other was...”可知，此处表示“一个……，另一个……”，用固定搭配one...the other...。故填one。 3．句意：白天我和妈妈在草地上跑来跑去。由语境可知，此处表示“和……一起”，用介词with。故填with。 4．句意：晚上我躺在她旁边。lie“躺”，作谓语，句子时态是一般过去时，lie表示“躺”时变过去式为lay。故填lay。 5．句意：因为天气热，我们站在池塘边的树下。下文“When it was cold, we stayed in a shed to keep warm”说的是冷的时候，对应的上文说的是热的时候。故填(h)ot。 6． 句意：天冷的时候，我们待在棚子里取暖，大部分时间我们都在睡觉。sleep“睡觉”，动词，位于be动词后，用其形容词形式asleep或sleeping作表语，表示睡着的状态。故填asleep/sleeping。 7．句意：我过去常和他们一起玩，玩得很开心。they“他们”，人称代词主格，位于介词with后，应用宾格形式them。故填them。 8．句意：那些年幼的马很粗鲁，而你很有礼貌，长大后会变得温柔善良。horse“马”，可数名词，作主语，根据本句谓语“are”可知，horse应变复数形式horses。故填horses。 9． 句意：现在，记住，把你的工作做好，不要咬或踢。good“好的”，形容词，此处修饰动词“do”，应变为副词形式well。故填well。 10． 句意：我从未忘记母亲的忠告。mother“母亲”，名词，由语境可知，此处表示“母亲的忠告”，应加’s变为所有格形式。故填mother’s。 1.（24-25八年级下·陕西延安·期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 To be a volunteer is really a wonderful experience for me. Four years ago, I 1 a club with the name of Helping Others. Soon after that, I began to do many things 2 those who needed help. For example, I often helped old people cross the roads, bought some food 3 homeless children and did small acts for our neighbors in need. Today is the International Volunteer Day. We volunteer by the sea. It is only 4 ride from our house to the sea. In the morning, my parents and I rode there as 5 as usual with a bag to put the bottles in. Many people were enjoying 6 on the beach, but some of them left bottles on it. So we decided to clean the beach. We spent the whole morning picking up the bottles on the beach. It 7 a really meaningful day It is 8 very great experience and we will continue doing that on our own. We should try our best to protect (保护) the environment 9 we have only one earth. We need more 10 to make a difference to the world. 1．A．join B．will join C．is joining D．joined 2．A．help B．to help C．stop D．to stop 3．A．for B．about C．on D．of 4．A．20 minute B．20 minutes C．20 minute’s D．20 minutes’ 5．A．hardly B．slowly C．early D．quietly 6．A．them B．themselves C．your D．yourselves 7．A．is B．are C．was D．were 8．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 9．A．or B．but C．so D．because 10．A．volunteer B．volunteers C．visitor D．visitors 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述作者作为志愿者的经历，呼吁更多人参与志愿活动以保护环境、帮助他人，为世界带来积极改变。 1．句意：四年前，我加入了一个名为“帮助他人”的俱乐部。 join加入，动词原形；will join一般将来时；is joining现在进行时；joined过去式。根据“Four years ago”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。 2．句意：不久之后，我开始为那些需要帮助的人做很多事情。 help帮助（原形）；to help帮助（动词不定式）；stop停止（原形）；to stop停止（动词不定式）。根据“those who needed help”可知是帮助那些需要帮助的人，此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 3．句意：例如，我经常帮助老人过马路，为无家可归的孩子买一些食物，并为需要帮助的邻居做一些小事。 for为了；about关于；on在上面；of……的。buy sth. for sb.“为某人买某物”。故选A。 4．句意：从我们家到海边只有20分钟的车程。 20 minute错误表达；20 minutes二十分钟；20 minute’s错误表达；20 minutes’二十分钟的。此处修饰名词ride用名词复数的所有格。故选D。 5．句意：早上，我和父母像往常一样早早地骑车去了那里，带了一个袋子用来装瓶子。 hardly几乎不；slowly慢慢地；early早地；quietly安静地。根据“In the morning”可知是早早地去了那里。故选C。 6．句意：许多人在海滩上玩得很开心，但有些人却把瓶子留在了海滩上。 them他们；themselves他们自己；your你的；yourselves你们自己。此处是结构enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，根据“Many people”可知此处用反身代词themselves。故选B。 7．句意：这一天非常有意义。 is是（单数）；are是（复数）；was是（过去式，单数）；were是（过去式，复数）。此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语是It，be动词用was。故选C。 8．句意：这是一次如此美妙的经历，我们将继续自发地去做这些事情。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；an一个（用于元音音素开头的单词前）；the定冠词；/零冠词。此处泛指“一次美妙的经历”，very以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选A。 9．句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护环境，因为我们只有一个地球。 or或者；but但是；so因此；because因为。后句是前句的原因，用because连接。故选D。 10．句意：我们需要更多的志愿者来为世界带来改变。 volunteer志愿者（单数）；volunteers志愿者（复数）；visitor参观者（单数）；visitors参观者（复数）。根据“to make a difference to the world.”可知是需要志愿者来改变世界，more后加名词复数。故选B。 2.（24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文连贯完整。 Many kids don’t like to eat vegetables. What is the 1 way of all to get kids to eat vegetables? Well, a school in California has found the answer: start a programme to make them grow 2 own vegetables at school. The Edible Schoolyard (可食校园) at a middle school 3 a place for students to enjoy growing, cooking and eating vegetables since the programme was started. Alice Waters came up with the programme. She hoped 4 a new way to teach children about healthy eating. “We have a huge problem of bad eating habits 5 the United States, and teaching about healthy eating cannot just be left to parents,” Waters said. She tells us how it works. “In the Edible Schoolyard, there is a garden 6 a kitchen classroom. Students are the keepers of the garden. They plant and care for the garden. In 7 kitchen classroom, they learn to cook and eat what they have grown themselves.” Over their three years, a student will have 60 classes in the programme. They come to the garden with their science teacher and they 8 to the kitchen by their humanities (人文学科) teacher. “If your kids always complain 9 carrots, they may feel different after picking some carrots from the ground with their own hands. Some personal participation (参与) might 10 them love vegetables,” said Waters. 1．A．better B．best C．shorter D．shortest 2．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 3．A．is B．was C．will be D．has been 4．A．develop B．to develop C．perform D．to perform 5．A．in B．out C．at D．on 6．A．or B．so C．and D．but 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．bring B．are brought C．brought D．were brought 9．A．why they should eat B．why should they eat C．how they should eat D．how should they eat 10．A．makes B．making C．made D．make 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍加利福尼亚州一所中学启动“可食校园”项目，让学生种植、烹饪、吃蔬菜，来改变孩子不健康的饮食习惯。 1．句意：让孩子们吃蔬菜的最好的办法是什么？ better更好的；best最好的；shorter更短的；shortest最短的。根据句意及of all可知，此处用最高级形式best。故选B。 2．句意：加利福尼亚州的一所学校已经找到了答案：启动一个项目，让他们在学校种植自己的蔬菜。 they他们，人称代词主格；them他们，人称代词宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据句意及名词vegetables可知，此处用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。故选C。 3．句意：自从这个项目开始以来，一所中学的“可食校园”就成为学生们享受种植、烹饪和吃蔬菜的地方。 is一般现在时，第三人称单数；was一般过去时，第三人称单数；will be一般将来时；has been现在完成时，第三人称单数。根据句意及since the programme was started可知，此处用现在完成时has been。故选D。 4．句意：她希望开发一种教会孩子们健康饮食的新方法。 develop开发，动词原形；to develop动词不定式；perform表演，动词原形；to perform动词不定式。根据句意及hope to do sth“希望做某事”可知，此处用动词不定式to develop。故选B。 5．句意：Waters说：“在美国，我们有饮食习惯不良的大问题，而且教授健康饮食的工作不能仅仅留给父母来做。” in在……里面；out在……外面；at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；on在……上面。根据句意及the United States可知，此处表示“在美国”，用介词in。故选A。 6．句意：“在‘可食校园’里，有一个花园和一个厨房教室。” or或者，表示选择关系；so因此，表示因果关系；and和，表示并列关系；but但是，表示转折关系。根据句意及a garden及a kitchen classroom可知，此处表示并列关系，用连词and。故选C。 7．句意：在厨房教室里，他们学习烹饪并食用他们自己种植的东西。 a一个，不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单数名词；an一个，不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单数名词；/零冠词；the定冠词，表示特指。根据句意及In......kitchen classroom可知，此处特指上文提到的“厨房教室”，用定冠词the。故选D。 8．句意：他们和他们的科学老师一起来到花园，由他们的人文学科老师带到厨房。 bring带来，动词原形；are brought被带来，一般现在时的被动语态，复数形式；brought带来，过去式；were brought被带来，一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。根据句意及they及by their humanities (人文学科) teacher可知，此处主语they是动作的承受者，用一般现在时的被动语态are brought。故选B。 9．句意：Waters说：“如果你的孩子总是抱怨为什么要吃胡萝卜，那么从地里自己摘了胡萝卜之后，他们可能会有不同的感觉。” why they should eat为什么他们应该吃；why should they eat为什么他们应该吃，疑问语序；how they should eat他们应该怎么吃；how should they eat他们应该怎么吃，疑问语序。根据句意及complain可知，此处用宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除选项B和D；根据句意及carrots可知，此处表示“为什么他们应该吃胡萝卜”，用why they should eat。故选A。 10．句意：“亲自参与这些可能会让他们爱上蔬菜。”Waters说。 makes使，动词的第三人称单数形式；making动名词或现在分词；made过去式；make使，动词原形。根据句意及might可知，此处情态动词might后跟动词原形make。故选D。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$