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2024-2025学年一线教师制作期末精品复习资料，押题预测！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作期末精品复习资料，押题预测！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 专题07 阅读理解解题技巧及进阶练 （三种体裁，期末热点预测）18篇 目录 解题技巧精讲 1 单元话题精练 3 一、阅读理解之记叙文，精选热点文章 3 二、阅读理解之说明文，精选热点文章 14 三、阅读理解之应用文，精选热点文章 23 解题技巧精讲 一、解题步骤与技巧 1. 先读题干，划关键词 - 技巧：快速浏览题目，圈出人名、地名、数字、时间等定位词。 - 目的：带着问题读文章，节省时间。 2. 速读全文，把握结构 - 技巧：重点读首尾段、每段首尾句，抓住主旨。 - 目的：了解文章题材（记叙/说明/议论文）和框架。 3. 定位细节，比对选项 - 技巧：根据题干关键词回到原文定位，仔细比对选项与原文表述差异。 - 注意：警惕偷换概念（如把“most”改成“all”）、无中生有等陷阱。 4. 推理题：依据原文，合理推断 - 技巧：答案通常与作者态度或文中隐含逻辑相关，避免主观臆断。 5. 猜词义：联系上下文 - 技巧：通过前后句的举例（such as）、转折（but）、同义词等线索推测。 二、实用解题口诀 “题干先读圈重点，速读文章抓主线。 细节定位比原文，推理需按逻辑链。 生词莫慌上下看，主旨态度最后验。” 三、题型分类与举例 1. 细节题（最常见） - 口诀：“细节题，找原句，一字一句要仔细。” - 例： 原文：The London Eye, built in 1999, is 135 meters tall. 题干：How tall is the London Eye? 选项：A. 133m B. 135m C. 199m 答：B（直接对应原文数字） 2. 主旨题 - 口诀：“主旨看首尾，反复出现是核心。” - 例： 原文首段：Recycling is vital for protecting our planet... 题干：What is the passage mainly about? 选项：A. The history of recycling B. The importance of recycling 答：B（首段提出核心观点） 3. 推理题 - 口诀：“推理不离文，过度延伸不可取。” - 例： 原文：Tom forgot his lunch and sighed, "No one remembers me." 题干：How did Tom probably feel? 选项：A. Happy B. Lonely C. Excited 答：B（通过语言和动作推断情绪） 4. 词义猜测题 - 口诀：“生词不要怕，前后有密码。” - 例： 原文：The village is so remote that it takes 5 hours to reach the nearest town. 题干：What does "remote" mean? 选项：A. Crowded B. Far away C. Modern 答：B（通过“5小时到最近城镇”推断） 5. 作者态度题 - 口诀：“态度找褒贬，形容词副词是关键。” - 例： 原文：Unfortunately, many people ignore this serious problem. 题干：What is the author's attitude? 选项：A. Positive B. Negative C. Neutral 答：B（“unfortunately”体现负面态度） 四、高频陷阱警示 1. 绝对化选项：含all, never, must等词的选项常错误。 - 例：原文说“Some birds fly south”，选项说“All birds fly south”即错。 2. 偷换主语/对象： - 原文说“Students should read more”，选项改成“Teachers should read more”。 3. 过度推断： - 原文说“It rained yesterday”，不能推出“The picnic was canceled”（除非明确提到）。 单元话题精练 一、阅读理解之记叙文，精选热点文章 （23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Luckily, the horses accepted me as a superior form of Yahoo and began to treat me kindly. The first thing they did was to teach me their language. As you know by now, dear reader, I am very good at languages. I soon learnt enough words to communicate quite well and I understood we were in Houyhnhnm Land. The Houyhnhnms continued to be impressed by my wisdom and my clean and smart appearance. Many other Houyhnhnms came to visit me. All of them felt confused (困惑) because I was similar to the Yahoos. But I did my very best to show how different I was from these disgusting creatures (令人厌恶的生物). The first grey horse I saw became my master and teacher. Together, we had many interesting conversations. I told my master that the greatest ambition for all Yahoos was to have as much money as possible to buy bigger and better things. I also added that it was very difficult to get that much money honestly. As a result, most of the people lived a poor life while a few people had lots of money. You may think, dear reader, that my description of life in England and Europe was very unfair. But after living with the Houyhnhnms for some time, it became clearer to me how equal their society was. I felt I wanted to live in Houyhnhnm Land for the rest of my life. It was such a pleasant place. Over time I even began to copy the appearance of the Houyhnhnms and made myself shoes like theirs. I was happy to live with the Houyhnhnms for the rest of my life but unluckily everything changed on one fatal day. The Houyhnhnms didn’t think it was right that I lived like a Houyhnhnm. —Taken from Gulliver’s Travels 1．Where was Guliver in this part? A．Lilliput. B．Brobdingnag. C．Houyhnhnm. D．The flying island of Laputa. 2．What does the underlined (划线的) sentence mean in Paragraph 2? A．Gulliver thought he was better than the Yahoos. B．Gulliver thought he was stronger than the Yahoos. C．The Yahoos believed Gulliver was their own master. D．The Yahoos hoped Gulliver could treat them differently. 3．What did Gulliver think of his life in Houyhnhnm Land? A．Tiring. B．Pleasant. C．Boring. D．Important. 4．What may happen after the last paragraph? A．Gulliver would leave for Laputa in a big boat. B．Gulliver lived a good life in Houyhnhnm Land. C．The Houyhnhnms would ask Gulliver to leave. D．The Houyhnhnms would ask Gulliver to stay here. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是小说节选，改编自《格列佛游记》，讲述格列佛在Houyhnhnm Land被马类智慧生物接纳，学习其语言并对比人类社会的贪婪，最终因身份问题面临变故的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“I soon learnt enough words to communicate quite well and I understood we were in Houyhnhnm Land.”可知，格列佛此时在Houyhnhnm Land。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The Houyhnhnms continued to be impressed by my wisdom and my clean and smart appearance.”以及“All of them felt confused (困惑) because I was similar to the Yahoos. But I did my very best to show how different I was from these disgusting creatures (令人厌恶的生物).”可知，格列佛虽与耶胡相似，但他努力通过智慧、整洁外表展示自己与令人厌恶的耶胡的不同，因此划线句子的意思是格列佛认为自己比耶胡更好。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“I felt I wanted to live in Houyhnhnm Land for the rest of my life. It was such a pleasant place. ”以及“I was happy to live with the Houyhnhnms or the rest of my life ...”可知，格列佛认为在Houyhnhnm Land的生活是愉快的。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The Houyhnhnms didn’t think it was right that I lived like a Houyhnhnm.”可知，Houyhnhnms认为格列佛不应该像他们一样生活。因此，他们可能会要求格列佛离开。故选C。 （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末） What was the matter with the police? Soapy was really unhappy now, but he stopped making a noise. How could he get to prison(监狱)? The wind was cold, and he pulled his thin coat around him. But, just then, inside a shop, he saw a man with an expensive umbrella. The man put his umbrella down near the door, and took out a cigarette. Soapy went into the shop, picked up the umbrella, and slowly, he began to walk away. The man came quickly after him. “That’s my umbrella,” he said. “Oh, is it?” Soapy replied. “Then why don’t you call a policeman? I took it, and you say you’re your umbrella. Go on, then. Call a policeman! Look! There’s one on the corner.” The umbrella man looked unhappy. “Well, you know, perhaps I’ve made a mistake. I took it from a restaurant this morning. If it’s yours, I’m very sorry...” “Of course it’s my umbrella,” Soapy said. The policeman looked at them, and the umbrella man walked away. The policeman went to help a beautiful young girl to cross the road. Soapy was really▲now. He threw the umbrella away and said many bad things about policemen. Just because he wanted to go to prison to spend the coming cold days, they did not want to send him there. He could do nothing wrong! He began to walk back to Madison Square and home—his seat. But on a quiet corner, Soapy suddenly stopped. Here, in the middle of the city, was a beautiful old church. Through one purple window he could see a soft light, and sweet music was coming from inside the church. For a few seconds it was like a country church and Soapy remembered other happier days. He thought of the days when he had a mother, friends and beautiful things in his life. Then he thought about his life now—the empty days, the dead plans. And then a wonderful thing happened. Soapy decided to change his life and be a new man. “Tomorrow,” he said to himself, “I’ll go into town and find work.” Soapy felt a hand on his arm. He jumped and looked round quickly into the face of a policeman! —Adapted from Soapy’s Choice by O.Henry 1．According the passage, why did Soapy want to be in prison? A．To spend the winter. B．To punish himself. C．To help his friends. D．To meet his family. 2．Which of the following words is the most suitable for the blank (空格)? A．happy B．afraid C．nervous D．angry 3．Which is the correct order of the following events in the passage?   ①Soapy said many bad things about the policemen. ②Soapy decided to change his life and be a new man. ③Soapy went into the shop and picked up the umbrella. ④Soapy thought of the days with his mother and friends. A．④③①② B．②③④① C．③①④② D．③①②④ 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Soapy didn’t want to change his life. B．Soapy might be sent to prison soon. C．Soapy didn’t have happier days before. D．Soapy was the owner of the umbrella. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文节选自欧亨利的短篇小说《警察与赞美诗》，主要讲主人公Soapy为了进监狱所作的一些事情，但最终却没有如愿。 1．细节理解题。根据“Just because he wanted to go to prison to spend the coming cold days, they did not want to send him there”可知，Soapy想进监狱是为了度过寒冷的冬天。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“He threw the umbrella away and said many bad things about policemen”可推断出，Soapy对警察的行为感到非常不满，因此最合适的词是“angry”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章的叙述顺序，Soapy先是进店拿伞（③），然后对警察说了很多坏话（①），接着回忆起和母亲朋友在一起的日子（④），最后决定改变自己（②）。因此正确顺序是③①④②。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Soapy felt a hand on his arm. He jumped and looked round quickly into the face of a policeman”可以推断，Soapy在决定改变自己后，立刻被警察抓住，因此他很可能会被送进监狱。故选B。 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末） Everyone is happy on Saturday morning, but Tom isn’t. He sits in front of a high fence (篱笆). “Too bad! It’s a nice Saturday morning but I must paint the fence. My friends are playing.” Just then, he has an idea. He picks up his brush and starts to paint the fence slowly. His friend Ben is walking down the street and he is eating a big red apple. He sees Tom and says, “Tom, I’m going swimming.” Tom says, “I like it! I can go swimming every day, but I can’t paint a fence every day.” Ben is surprised and he watches Tom paint slowly and carefully, and he often smiles. He looks happy and even sings songs. At this time, “Tom. Let me paint a little,” says Ben. Tom looks at Ben and says, “I’m really sorry, Ben. You know, I’m very good at painting. My brother Sid wants to do it, but he’s not good at painting.” “Oh, Tom, let me try, you can have my apple.” Tom is happy, but he doesn’t smile. “OK, Ben.” Then Tom’s other friends come by. They watch Tom paint and they all want to try, too. They give Tom a new kite, a cat, an old knife. Tom’s friends paint the big fence, and Tom just sits under the big tree and watches them. — Adapted from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1．Tom’s idea is to ________. A．paint as quickly as possible B．finish painting alone C．trick (欺骗) Ben into painting for him D．play with Ben 2．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to (指代) ________. A．going swimming B．painting the fence C．pitting under the tree D．playing with friends 3．Which is the right order of the following things? a. Ben starts to paint the fence.   b. Tom starts to paint the fence. c. Ben gives his apple to Tom.   d. Tom watches his friends paint. A．b—c—a—d B．d—a—c—b C．a—c—b—d D．b—a—d—c 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Ben is going swimming with Tom. B．Tom’s brother Sid is good at painting. C．Tom sits under the tree and watches his friends paint. D．Tom and his friends play with the kite, the cat. 5．What do you think of Tom according to the passage? A．Clever and naughty (淘气的). B．Helpful and hard-working. C．Honest and patient. D．Humorous and brave. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《汤姆·索亚历险记》，讲述了汤姆星期六早晨要粉刷篱笆，于是他想了个办法让他的朋友们帮他干活。 1．细节理解题。根据“Just then, he has an idea. He picks up his brush and starts to paint the fence slowly.”和通读全文可知，汤姆的主意是骗本为他刷篱笆。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“‘I’m really sorry, Ben. You know, I’m very good at painting.’”结合汤姆在粉刷篱笆可知，it代指“粉刷篱笆”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ben is surprised and he watches Tom paint slowly and carefully,”可知“汤姆开始粉刷篱笆”排在第一位；根据“‘Oh, Tom, let me try, you can have my apple.’”以及“‘OK, Ben.’”可知“本把他的苹果给了汤姆”排在第二位，“本开始粉刷篱笆”排在第三位；根据“Tom just sits under the big tree and watches them.”可知，汤姆坐在树下看他们刷。其顺序为b—c—a—d。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Tom’s friends paint the big fence, and Tom just sits under the big tree and watches them.”可知，汤姆坐在树下看他的朋友们粉刷篱笆。故选C。 5．推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了汤姆星期六早晨要粉刷篱笆，于是他想了个办法让他的朋友们帮他干活，他最终坐在树下看着朋友们帮他粉刷篱笆的故事，可推测汤姆很聪明还有点淘气。故选A。 （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）A 15-year-old boy in Gaza has made power to light up his family’s tent, using two fans he found at a market. He and his family have lived in the tent since there was a war. His neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton” because of his great ability and bright mind. “Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple fell on his head. And we here are living in darkness and bombs are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so.” The boy said. Since the boy’s family lived a hard life, they connected their tent to the side of a house so that the boy could climb onto the top of the house and set up his two fans to charge batteries (给电池充电). Then, the boy connected the fans to power lines that run down through the house and used on-off, lights and a thin piece of wood in the tent to create light for his family. It took the boy some time to be successful finally after his first two tries failed. The boy was still very happy that he was able to make this because he could help his family and others like them. What’s more, he was also very glad that people in this camp called him “Gaza’s Newton”, because he hoped to become a scientist like Newton and create something that will be good for people of the whole world. 1．When did the boy and his family start living in the tent? A．When he was 15 years old. B．After he found two fans. C．When he created light for his family. D．After the war began in his country. 2．Why did the neighbors call him “Gaza’s Newton”? A．Because he created power lines. B．Because an apple fell on his head. C．Because he found a new energy. D．Because he used fans to make power. 3．How did the boy set up his fans? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The boy is creative and kind-hearted. B．The poor family was rich before the war. C．The boy had no difficulty creating light at first. D．The boy’s neighbors weren’t friendly to each other. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Power created in Gaza B．Special presents in life C．Ways to achieve dreams D．Bright mind of Gaza 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个15岁的加沙男孩儿，在以色列的袭击后与家人住在帐篷里，他用市场上找到的两个风扇制作了发电装置，为帐篷提供照明，被领居们称为“加沙的牛顿”的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第一段中“He and his family have lived in the tent since there was a war.”可知，这个男孩儿在国家发生战争后开始住在帐篷里。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文中“His neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton” because of his great ability and bright mind.”以及第三段可知，邻居之所以称男孩儿为加沙的牛顿是因为他利用风扇来发电。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文中第三段中“Since the boy’s family lived a hard life, they connected their tent to the side of a house so that the boy could climb onto the top of the house and set up his two fans to charge batteries”可知，房子上面有两个电扇。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“And we here are living in darkness and bombs are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so.”可知，这个男孩儿是有创造力的。根据“he hoped to become a scientist like Newton and create something that will be good for people of the whole world.”可知，这个男孩儿还是心地善良的。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了15岁加沙男孩儿，制造了发电装置，方便自己家人和邻居的故事。选项D“加沙的光明心灵”符合题意。故选D。 （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末） “Why did she spill the beans?” I couldn’t believe it was true. I would never forget the day, on which I was being looked at strangely. The thought would always stay with me. And I couldn’t believe I would lose the friendship of the person I trusted most. Five years back, Sally was the new kid in class. I don’t know what it was, but something special about her drew me to her. She was the most friendly person I had known. We started as classmates, we were like best friends. So, I never expected her to hurt me in such a big way. I don’t know what made me tell Sally about my personal life. However, she made the matter bigger than it was, adding her own spin (倾向性描述) (刺) me in the back. After she gave away my secrets, everyone at school started laughing at me. Wherever I went, whispering behind. Because of this terrible situation, I chose to change another school. Sally called me many times. I tried hard to repair the scars she left on my heart. I started a new life. Five years later, my life went back to the way it had been, with new friends, I met Anna at the market. She had been my classmate since 3rd grade. She told me that Sally wasn’t the one who brought my secrets to light. Mary was. Mary was our school’s big mouth who always wanted to stick her nose into other people’s business. I am deeply regretful (懊悔的). I wish I could have trusted Sally and asked her about this. I wish I could have gone back to fix my mistake. From that, I have learned a life lesson that we should trust those we love and should not let the misunderstanding influence our lives. 1．The underlined phrase “spill the beans” in Paragraph 1 has the same meaning as ________. ①drew me to her (in Para 2) ②gave away my secrets (in Para 3) ③repair the scars (in Para 4) ④brought my secrets to light (in Para 4) A．①and② B．①and ③ C．②and④ D．③and④ 2．The writer chose to change another school mainly because ________. A．something special in the new school drew her B．she hated Mary, her school’s big mouth, very much C．she wanted to make new friends to enjoy a new life D．everyone at school knew her secret and laughed at her 3．According the passage, which fits the changes of the writer’s feelings? Feeling ______ when becoming the best friends with Sally Feeling ______ after knowing Sally gave away her secret Feeling so ______ that she chose to change schools Feeling ______ after finding out the truth A．regretful-sad-unbelievable-happy B．happy-regretful-sad-unbelievable C．happy-unbelievable-sad-regretful D．regretful-happy-unbelievable-sad 4．According to Paragraph 5, the writer will probably ________ if something similar happens again. A．keep silent and leave her friends sadly B．speak out her feelings to avoid regret later on C．have a fight against her friends to show her anger D．let it go and go on the friendship with her friends 5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．How to make new friends B．Where to put our trust C．When to change schools D．Why to fix our mistakes 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在学校的一段经历，并从这段经历中明白了要相信自己所爱的人，因为一次小误会可能会造成真正的伤害。 1．词句猜测题。根据“‘Why did she spill the beans?’ I couldn’t believe it was true.”“However, she made the matter bigger than it was, adding her own spin (倾向性描述) (刺) me in the back. After she gave away my secrets, everyone at school started laughing at me.”和“Sally wasn’t the one who brought my secrets to light.”可知这几处都在讲述作者误认为自己的好朋友泄漏了自己的秘密，猜测spill the beans意为“泄露秘密”，和第三段的“gave away my secrets”以及第四段的“brought my secrets to light”意义相同。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“After she gave away my secrets, everyone at school started laughing at me. Wherever I went, whispering behind. Because of this terrible situation, I chose to change another school.”可知作者转学是因为好朋友泄漏自己的秘密，导致周围的同学都嘲笑她。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“We started as classmates, we were like best friends.”“I never expected her to hurt me in such a big way.”“Because of this terrible situation, I chose to change another school. Sally called me many times.”和“I am deeply regretful (懊悔的). I wish I could have trusted Sally and asked her about this.”可推断作者和Sally成为好朋友时，很开心，当得知Sally泄漏自己秘密时，难以置信，再到作者遭到同学嘲笑，伤心不已，不得已转学，最后得知事情的真相，懊悔不已。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“I am deeply regretful (懊悔的). I wish I could have trusted Sally and asked her about this. I wish I could have gone back to fix my mistake.”可知作者知道真相后，懊悔不已，推测她再遇到类似情况时，很可能会说出真实的感受，避免产生误会，从而懊悔遗憾。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文，可知文章主要讲述了作者在学校的一段经历，并从这段经历中明白了要相信自己所爱的人，因为一次小误会可能会造成真正的伤害。选项B“我们的信任应该置于何处”符合主旨。故选B。 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Robin and the outlaws (逃犯) fought against the sheriff (郡治安官) and his men. Many men were killed and wounded on both sides. There were too many of the sheriff’s men for the outlaws to beat. In the end, the sheriff’s men captured Robin and took him to prison (监狱) in Nottingham. They tied him with rope and put him in a cell (牢房). The cell was at the top of a tall tower. During the night, Robin was able to untie the rope. There was a small window in the tower. Robin tied one end of the rope to a ring in the wall of the cell. He tied the other end to himself. Then he climbed through the window. The cell was a long way from the ground. Slowly, Robin climbed down the rope. He was halfway down when the rope broke. Robin fell to the ground. He lay there for a long time. His leg hurt badly. Before morning, Robin was able to stand up. Then he limped away from the tower. That evening, he came to a small fishing village. The sheriff’s men were not far behind him. He knocked on the door of a small cottage. An old woman opened the door. “Robbers are after me. They will kill me if they catch me. Let me hide and rest here.” The old woman looked at Robin. “He has a kind face,” she thought. “And he is hurt.” “You may stay here for a few days,” She said. Robin stayed with the old woman for many days. Slowly, he got a little better, and he was able to walk again. “How can I pay you?” he said to the old woman. “I have no money.” “I own a fishing boat,” the old woman said. “You can work with the fishermen. They go to the sea tonight.” Robin joined the fishermen on the boat. He worked as hard as he could, but he did not know how to fish. He didn’t catch anything. — Adapted from Robin Hood 1．The meaning of the underlined word “captured” is the closest to that of “________”. A．killed B．lost C．caught D．freed 2．What do you think of Robin when he got away from the cell during the night? A．Kind. B．Patient. C．Clever. D．Careless. 3．Robin paid back the old woman’s kindness by ________. A．giving her a lot of money B．taking good care of her C．giving her a fishing boat D．working on her boat 4．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．Robin was put in the cell because his leg was badly hurt. B．It was a hard way to get away from the cell, but Robin succeeded. C．Robin has no money, so he couldn’t stay in the fishing village. D．The old woman helped Robin because he was good at fishing. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了罗宾逃出监狱，他伤了腿，得到了一位老妇人帮助的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据“In the end, the sheriff’s men captured Robin and took him to prison (监狱) in Nottingham.”可知，他被抓了，所以captured是“抓捕”的意思，和caught同义。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“During the night, Robin was able to untie the rope. There was a small window in the tower. Robin tied one end of the rope to a ring in the wall of the cell. He tied the other end to himself. Then he climbed through the window. The cell was a long way from the ground. Slowly, Robin climbed down the rope. He was halfway down when the rope broke.”可知罗宾巧妙地逃了出来，故可推知，他很聪明。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Robin joined the fishermen on the boat.”可知，他在船上工作来报答老妇人。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“During the night, Robin was able to untie the rope. There was a small window in the tower. Robin tied one end of the rope to a ring in the wall of the cell. He tied the other end to himself. Then he climbed through the window. The cell was a long way from the ground. Slowly, Robin climbed down the rope. He was halfway down when the rope broke. Robin fell to the ground. He lay there for a long time. His leg hurt badly.Before morning, Robin was able to stand up. Then he limped away from the tower.”可知，想要逃出牢房很不容易，但罗宾成功了。故选B。 二、阅读理解之说明文，精选热点文章 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Environmentalists (环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is the production of clothes in a large number at a low cost. They are put in shops and online stores quickly to create a high demand. Manufacturers (制造商) make 100 billion all kinds of clothes every year. This is expected to grow 60 per cent by 2030. The fast fashion business model is having a negative effect on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in dustbins and are not recycled. Another negative effect on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make the clothes. These cause health problems to people working in clothes factories. It is reported that children make many of these clothes. The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste. Many years ago, people went to stores and tried clothes on. People took more time and thought more carefully before they bought clothes. They also wore them longer. Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet and if they don’t like them, they send them back. Some people say this is causing a throwaway (用完即弃的) society. Some people buy clothes and never even wear them. The German media company Deutsche Welle wrote, “Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing ends up in dustbins. Less than one per cent of this is recycled.” It seems the fashion industry is not so sustainable (可持续的). 1．What’s the writer’s feeling about the fast fashion? A．Worried. B．Uninterested. C．Surprised. D．Pleased. 2．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．Many people like to buy cheap clothes on the Internet. B．Clothes in stores are much better than those on the Internet. C．Online shopping is causing more and more clothing waste. D．People in Europe waste lots of clothes every year. 3．What’s the best title for the text? A．The Meaning of Fast Fashion B．The Influences of Fast Fashion C．Problems with Fast Fashion D．Health problems with Fast Fashion 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了快时尚对环境的消极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Environmentalists (环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment.”可知，担忧快时尚对环境的影响，故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据“The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste.”和第三段整段可知，人们购买衣服的方式增加了衣物浪费的问题，人们在网上订购便宜的衣服，不喜欢，就会寄回，有些人买衣服却从来不穿，即网购方式增加了衣物浪费的问题。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。根据全文通篇主要介绍了快时尚对环境的消极影响，B选项“快时尚的影响。”与文章相符。故选B。 （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末） Recently, a new kind of tourism has begun in China, called ‘special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游) ”. It features visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students. Yu Yinghua in Shanghai Lixin University is one of them. The 22-year-old started her tour in March after being deeply touched by such experiences of Xiaohongshu travel bloggers (博主). “Tapped in school for almost 3 years, I’m now hungry to take trips,” said Yu. ① Most of her trips were started from her daily life, such as a chat with friends. “But making a plan carefully for the trip is important,” Yu said. She found lots of information before travelling. That would help save time when travelling and enjoy the places better. ② Her last trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22-year-old visited nine local places. “That day, I walked almost 30,000 steps,” Yu said, Although it’s a bit tiring, I enjoy this trip as much as days-long trips.” ③ Unlike Yu travelling in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a doctoral (博士学位的) student in Shanghai, likes to travel far to get herself free from schoolwork. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an, Shaanxi. During her trip, she visited all the famous places in the city. “Such a trip can bring a bright colour to my busy life!” said Chen. ④ “It’s labor-consuming (消耗体力的). Visitors try to see as many places as possible in a short period,” Chen said. In some ways, such trips are not as flexible (灵活的) as days-long trips because you can’t change your plan. “So, enough energy and a clear mind are necessary for this tour,” said Chen. 1．Which of the following examples is a kind of “special forces style tourism”? A．John, a manager in a company, travels to Suzhou with his wife for about a month. B．Lucy, a primary school student, travels to Nanjing with her classmates on Friday. C．Mike, a college student, travels to many places in Hangzhou with his friend on Saturday. D．Mary, a high school teacher, travels to Hainan with her husband during summer holiday. 2．The sentence “But such kind of tourism may not be proper for everyone.” should be put in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Where may this passage come from? A．A comic book. B．A novel report. C．A film review. D．A travel magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国最近兴起的“特种兵式旅游”的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It features visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students.”可知特种兵旅游的特征是在短期内游览著名景点，最常见的是在周末，最常见的人群是大学生。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。所给句子“But such kind of tourism may not be proper for everyone.”意为这种类型的旅游并不适合每个人，其后应该介绍不适合的人群，以及这种类型旅游的缺点。根据第四段“It’s labor-consuming.”可知，这种旅行消耗体力，符合语境。故选D。 3．推理判断题。文章第一句“Recently, a new kind of tourism has begun in China,”指出了在中国有一种新兴的旅游方式，以及全文都在介绍这种旅行方式的相关内容，这篇文章应该出现在旅游杂志上。故选D。 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）People throw trash (垃圾) on the beach and even into the ocean. The trash has become the “home” of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops, parts of old light bulbs (灯泡), and even broken glass bottles. Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (壳) for protection. They first look at the shells’ type, size and color. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in. However, “trash shells” can bring danger to hermit crabs. Different from natural shells, plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is often brighter in color. It might stand out against the background, so predators (捕食者) can find hermit crabs more easily. The crabs could also get stuck (粘住) and die when they go into plastic bottles. When they get inside of old tires (轮胎), they may find it difficult to get out and starve to death (饿死). 1．According to Paragraph 1, what has become a problem? A．People cannot leave trash on the beach. B．There are more hermit crabs than ever. C．Hermit crabs are using trash as homes. D．Scientists have a problem finding hermit crabs. 2．Why do hermit crabs stay in shells? A．Because they like the colors of the shells. B．Because they need to look after the shells. C．Because they can grow faster inside the shells. D．Because their soft bodies need shells for protection. 3．How do hermit crabs check the size inside a shell? A．They use their legs. B．They use their eyes to look. C．They check the type of the shell. D．They put an old shell into the new shell. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了寄居蟹误将海滩和海洋中的垃圾当作 “家” 的现象以及给寄居蟹带来的危害。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People throw trash (垃圾) on the beach and even into the ocean. The trash has become the ‘home’ of hermit crabs (寄居蟹).”可知，寄居蟹误将海滩和海洋中的垃圾当作“家” 。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (壳) for protection.”可知，与其他螃蟹不同，寄居蟹天生身体柔软，因此它们需要寻找壳来保护自己。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size.”可知，寄居蟹用腿检查壳的内部，以确保它们的尺寸合适。故选A。 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末） You might know about the Emei martial arts (武术) in wuxia novels by Jin Yong. Does it really exist (存在)? The answer is yes. Emei martial arts started from Mount Emei in Sichuan province. It has a history of about 3,000 years. Together with Shaolin and Wudang, Emei is one of the three main schools of Chinese kung fu. Both strength (力量) and softness are important to Emei martial arts. While practicing it, people have to move their hands and feet quickly and forcefully (有力地). The movements are full of ups and downs. Emei martial arts have 68 schools and 2,638 practice skills and ways. In 2008, the Emei martial arts became a National Intangible Cultural Heritage in China. Ma Zhaolingyun, 24, is an inheritor (传承人) of Emei martial arts. She has amazed people with her skills in her videos. Ma started to practice martial arts at the age of 4. She loves to show different Emei martial arts skills in daily life, including those using swords, daggers, spears and more. She also uses everyday things like feather dusters and brooms to perform (表演). Three years ago, Ma became popular online for a video. In the video, she performed martial arts with a sword after throwing rubbish into a waste bin! Ma and her team have kept working out new ways to promote (推广) Emei martial arts. For example, she puts games and fashion in her videos. Moreover, Ma works hard to promote traditional Chinese culture beyond (超出) just Emei martial arts. She mixes martial arts performances with traditional Chinese calligraphy (书法), tea and the intangible cultural heritage items. “Fine traditional Chinese culture is around us. I hope that my videos will remind people’s love for traditional culture,” Ma said. 1．To be good at Emei martial arts, what do people have to do? A．Learn the history of Chinese kung fu. B．Practice doing quick and strong moves. C．Create their own practice skills and ways. D．Have a rich experience of life’s ups and downs. 2．When did Ma start practising martial arts? A．At the age of 4 B．At the age of 9 C．At the age of 21 D．At the age of 24 3．How did Ma become popular online? A．By teaching martial arts in France. B．By making swords with everyday things. C．By performing martial arts in her videos. D．By making videos about games and fashion. 4．Why does Ma put traditional Chinese calligraphy into her martial arts performances? A．To learn some new skills. B．To show new ways of making videos. C．To make her performance look different. D．To get people interested in traditional culture. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的传统武术之一——峨眉武术及其传承人马赵凌云。 1． 细节理解题。根据“While practicing it, people have to move their hands and feet quickly and forcefully (有力地).”可知，练习时，人们必须快速有力地移动手脚。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Ma started to practice martial arts at the age of 4.”可知，她4岁开始练武术。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Three years ago, Ma became popular online for a video. In the video, she performed martial arts with a sword after throwing rubbish into a waste bin!”可知，三年前，马因一段视频走红网络。在视频中，她把垃圾扔进垃圾桶后用剑表演武术。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Moreover, Ma works hard to promote traditional Chinese culture beyond (超出) just Emei martial arts. She mixes martial arts performances with traditional Chinese calligraphy (书法), tea and the intangible cultural heritage items.”可知，她将武术表演与中国传统书法、茶和非物质文化遗产相结合，以引起人们对传统文化的兴趣。故选D。 （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Your favourite colour can show a lot about your personality. The form below explains the relationship between colours and personalities. Colours Personalities Green Green is the colour of peace and hope. Kind and peaceful people are often interested in green. They love nature, their families, friends and pets. It is the colour for the garden lover and the home lover. Blue The colour blue means trust, responsibility (责任) and honesty. Blue lovers can be caring, soft, patient, and also be good at self-control. They are often respected for their wisdom. On the other hand, it’s possible that they worry too much. White White offers a sense of peace and calm. As a symbol (象征) of purity, it’s often connected with perfection, honesty and cleanliness. A “white” person can be wise, self-controlled, and a great help when you are in need. Red The colour red stands for liveliness and health. People with an outgoing (外向的) personality like red better. They are active, open and brave. However, “red” people aren’t good at self-check. They can’t often realize their weakness. Yellow Yellow stands for imagination (想象), happiness, joy and wisdom. Yellow lovers usually have a sunny personality and a strong sense of humour. A “yellow” person may at times be a little bit careless, but his communication skills are excellent. 1．Mrs Green loves green best, so she may ________. A．get angry easily B．treat her pets badly C．have few friends in life D．be interested in gardening 2．Which of the following about the colour white is TRUE? A．White lovers are active and humorous. B．People who like white get worried easily. C．It means trust, responsibility and honesty. D．White lovers are great helpers when someone is in trouble. 3．Which colour may outgoing people like better? A．Red. B．White. C．Yellow. D．Blue. 4．What are yellow lovers good at? A．Self-check. B．Communication. C．Self-control. D．Sports. 5．The reading is most probably taken from a ________. A．health report B．book review C．life magazine D．classical novel 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了颜色和个性之间的关系。 1．推理判断题。根据Green那一栏“It is the colour for the garden lover and the home lover.”可知，绿色是园艺爱好者和家居爱好者喜欢的颜色。由此推知，如果格林夫人最喜欢绿色，那么她可能对园艺感兴趣。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据White那一栏“A ‘white’ person can be wise, self-controlled, and a great help when you are in need.”可知，当有人遇到困难时，喜欢白色的人是很好的帮手。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据Red那一栏“People with an outgoing (外向的) personality like red better.”可知，性格外向的人更喜欢红色。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据Yellow那一栏“A ‘yellow’ person may at times be a little bit careless, but his communication skills are excellent.”可知，喜欢黄色的人善于沟通。故选B。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了颜色和个性之间的关系。因此，本文最有可能来自生活杂志。故选C。 （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末） People think differently, but how does this happen? To find out the answer, Dr. Guilford, a famous psychologist, carried out a study on creativity (创造力) in the 1970s, known at The Nine-Dot Puzzle (九点谜题). In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle. The following survey showed that all failed participators had looked for ways in the virtual (虚拟的) box, which is formed with virtual lines. But the winners could break out of the virtual box and continued their lines in the open space around the dots. The results of Guilford’s research led him to an idea: creativity needs you to go outside the box. The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that there were creativity experts everywhere, teaching people how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study. To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as those in Guilford’s study. The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily. Guess what? Less than 25% solved the puzzle. It was nearly the same as the result of Guilford’s study. The result made everyone surprised, but it was the truth. Let’s look more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem needs people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions —“think outside the box” did not help participators solve the puzzle more easily. In some ways, the idea that thinking outside the box makes people more creative can be improper. 1．Which of the following can solve The Nine-Dot Puzzle? A． B． C． D． 2．Most people thought that in Guilford’s study, more participators would solve the puzzle if ________. A．they could find out the imagined box more quickly B．they were given some more time to complete the puzzle C．they were told to draw the lines outside the imagined box D．they could discuss the ways together with other participators 3．Which part of the article explains Burnham with Davis and Alba with Robert’s study and their findings? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 4．Which is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage probably tells us that ________. A．the popular ideas among most people are true B．the “facts” accepted by many people may not be facts C．being good at going outside the box means creativity D．practising solving puzzles does help to think differently 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫Guilford的心理学家进行了一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你跳出框框。 1．推理判断题。根据“In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle.”可知，要求参与者在不从纸上拿起铅笔的情况下，用最多四条直线连接所有九个点，结合选项，图D符合。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily.”可知，人们预期如果参与者被告知可以在想象的边界之外画线，会有更多人解决这个谜题，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段结尾“The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study.这个想法太受欢迎了，以至于没有人想到去核实事实，直到两个不同的研究团队做了另一项研究”以及第四段开头“To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups.为了验证吉尔福德的想法是否正确，参与者被分成两组”可知，第四段解释他们的研究和发现，故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题，第二段到第五段详细地讨论了“超越框架思维”的传播，研究以及意外发现，并对其进行反思，得出结论。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章讨论了广泛认为的“超越框架思维”提升创造力的观点，并指出这一观点在解决九点谜题时并没有带来更好的问题解决能力。最后得出结论，广为接受的观点并不总是正确的，故选B。 三、阅读理解之应用文，精选热点文章 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末） ● Black Holes On April 10, people around the world got their first look at a real black hole. Want to know more? Come and enjoy a film about black holes at 3 p.m. on Thursday in the school hall! ● 5G is coming! Come and experience what it is like!Time: 2:30 p.m.—4:30 p.m. on Friday Place: Science Center Teachers: Miss Yang, Mr. Zhu ● Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters?Speaker: Doctor Ma Time: 9:00—11:00 a.m. on Monday Place: Biology Lab Two ● 3D-printed products must bring you different feelings!Time: 8:20—10:20 a.m. on Tuesday Place: Computer Room Four Teacher: Mr. Wang 1．You can enjoy a film about ________ on Thursday in the school hall. A．5G B．black holes C．3D-printed products D．biology 2．From 9:00-11:00 a. m. on Monday, you can ________. A．watch a film B．learn more about 5G C．listen to a talk D．enjoy 3D-printed products 3．On Monday, ________ will tell you “Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters”. A．Doctor Ma B．Mr. Wang C．Mr. Zhu D．Miss Yang 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The science week will end on September 12th. B．On Friday, you can experience what 5G is like at Science Center. C．You can enjoy 3D-printed products at Biology Lab Two. D．From 8:20 to 10:20 a. m on Thursday, you can enjoy 3D-printed products. 5．This passage is probably ________. A．a poem B．a novel C．a diary D．a poster 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍科技周的各项活动安排。 1． 细节理解题。根据“Come and enjoy a film about black holes at 3 p.m. on Thursday in the school hall!”可知，周四可以去学校大厅欣赏一场关于黑洞的电影。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“● Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters? Speaker: Doctor MaTime: 9:00—11:00 a.m. on Monday Place: Biology Lab Two”可知，周一九点至十一点人们可以听一个讲座。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“● Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters? Speaker: Doctor Ma Time: 9:00—11:00 a.m. on Monday”可知，马医生会告诉你“为什么我们不能长到3米”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“● 5G is coming! Come and experience what it is like! Time: 2:30 p.m.—4:30 p.m. on Friday Place: Science Center Teachers: Miss Yang, Mr. Zhu”可知，周五，你可以在科学中心体验5G是正确的。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据文章结构及内容可知，短文很可能是一张海报，告知人们各项活动的时间、地点等。故选D。 （23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末） How to write a secret message Do you want to write a message that can only be read by a person? It is a secret message for that person only. The other people can’t see the message on the paper. Only that person knows how to make the message appear. Here’s an experiment (实验) on how to write such a message.You’ll need half a lemon                         a cup four spoons of water            a cotton swab (棉签) white paper                          a light bulb (电灯泡) What to do 1 Squeeze (挤) some lemon juice into water. Mix the water and juice. 2 Put the cotton swab into the mixture (混合物) and make it wet. Use the wet cotton swab to write some words on the paper. 3 Let the paper dry. Show it to someone and ask if he or she can see the words on the paper. 4 Hold the paper close to a light bulb to heat it. Ask him or her again. Let me explain it! Lemon juice has chemicals that have carbon (碳). The chemicals break down easily when they are heated (加热). And the carbon makes them turn into a dark color. 1．What is the correct order of the experiment according to the form? a. Use a light bulb to heat the paper. b. Put a cotton swab into the mixture. c. Mix lemon juice and water. d. Write some words on a piece of white paper with the wet cotton swab. e. Dry the paper. A．a-d-c-b-e B．c-b-a-e-d C．c-b-d-e-a D．a-e-b-c-d 2．What does the text mainly talk about? A．It tells us how we can make good use of fruit juice. B．It explains why water is very important in our daily life. C．It tells how we can make a mixture of water and lemon juice. D．It shows how we can use lemon juice and water to write a secret message. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A science magazine. B．A cookbook. C．A storybook. D．A travel guidebook. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 【分析】本文主要介绍了如何用柠檬汁和水来写秘密信息的实验。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“1 Squeeze... juice. 2 Put ...on the paper. 3 Let the paper ... on the paper. 4 Hold the paper... or her again..”可知，c-b-d-e-a符合顺序。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Do you want to... to write such a message.”可知，这篇文章主要讲的是它展示了我们如何用柠檬汁和水来写秘密信息。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lemon juice has chemicals... makes them turn into a dark color.”可知，用柠檬汁和水来写秘密信息的实验的原理。这篇文章可能来自一本科学杂志。故选A。 （23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末） Cruise (游船) Service Operating Dates Every Saturday, Sunday and National Holidays Operating Hours11:00-18:55 Ticket PriceSingle Trip Ticket: RMB 15 Free cruise admissionKids under the ageof 3: free Docking LocationsBlue Sky Road Dock — Shanghai Garden Village Dock Rules for Safe Travel 1. Guests should stay in the cabin (船舱) and are not allowed to enter the driver’s cabin during the cruise. 2. Guests mustn’t smoke in all areas of the ferry (渡口). 3. You are responsible (负责的) for the security and protection of your personal belongings (财物) at all times. 4. Feeding animals is not allowed (including birds and fish). 5. Pets are not allowed (with the exception of service dogs) on the cruise. Service dogs must be under the control of the owner at all times. 1．You can go on a cruise on ________. A．12:00 of Friday B．12:00 of Saturday C．10:00 of Friday D．10:00 of Saturday 2．A single trip for a mom and her two-year-old son costs ________. A．RMB 15 B．RMB 30 C．RMB 45 D．RMB 60 3．The purpose of this passage is ________on the cruise. A．to provide information on service B．to introduce the service and rules C．to stop people from feeding animals D．to show the use of safety equipment 4．Which of the following signs may NOT be found on the ferry? A． B． C． D． 5．Where is it probably taken from? A．A science fiction. B．A novel. C．A tour advertisement. D．A storybook. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是关于游船服务内容的告示，包括游船的时间，票价，路线及游船的相关规定等。 1．推理判断题。根据“Cruise Service Operating Dates Every Saturday, Sunday and National Holidays”和“Operating Hours 11:00 - 18:55”可知，游船在每周六、周日和国家法定节假日的11:00 - 18:55运营，所以可以在周六的12:00去乘坐游船，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Ticket Price Single Trip Ticket: RMB 15”和“Free cruise admission Kids under the age of 3: free”可知，妈妈需要购买15元的单程票，两岁的儿子免费，所以总共花费15元，故选A。 3．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了游船的运营日期、时间、票价、停靠地点以及安全旅行规则等信息，目的是介绍游船服务和相关规则，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第1条“Guests should...not allowed to enter the driver’s cabin during the cruise”，可知乘客不可以进入驾驶舱，所以排除A；根据第10条“Pets are not allowed”，可知宠物不可以登船，所以排除B；根据第3条“Guests mustn’t smoke in all areas of the ferry”，可知船上禁止吸烟，所以排除C。故选D。 5．推理判断题。文章主要是关于游船服务的介绍，包括运营信息和规则等，更可能来自于旅游广告，故选C。 （23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Fremont Public LibraryDifferent types of materials                               Book collections for all ages Magazines and newspapers E-books and DVDs The map of Fremont Town Activities for different age groups Weekly story time for ages 2-6 Summer and winter reading programs for ages 7-18 Monthly book discussions for working-age adults Arts and crafts (工艺品) for seniors Opening hours Monday: CLOSED            Tuesday-Sunday: 10:00-19:00 If you become a member of the library, you can get a free Wi-Fi connection use the public computers for free book a meeting room and use it for free renew books once after the first 21 days copy pages of books for 0.01 U. S. dollars per page borrow two more books than non-members (非会员) [Non-members can borrow no more than three books at a time.] 1．The Fremont Public Library is in the ▲ of town. A．center B．north C．south D．east 2．What does the underlined word“seniors”refer to (指)? A．Kids aged 2-6. B．Adults aged 19-60. C．Elderly people over 60. D．Teenagers aged 13-18. 3．Which of the following is NOT free at the library? A．Copying two pages of a book. B．Getting connected to the Wi-Fi. C．Booking and using a meeting room. D．Using a public computer to search for information. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了弗里蒙特公共图书馆的具体信息。 1．细节理解题。根据地图可知，图书馆在城镇的北方。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Summer and winter reading programs for ages 7-18; Monthly book discussions for working-age adults; Arts and crafts (工艺品) for seniors”可知，是指供老年人的艺术与手工艺品，所以seniors指“年龄比较大的人”，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“copy pages of books for 0.01 U.S. dollars per page”可知，复印需要付钱。故选A。 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）How Well do Chinese People Sleep ● Sleeping averages (平均值) Sleep length: 6.75 hours Bedtime: 12: 01 a. m. How often they wake up: 1.4 times Average sleep score: 75 points ● Bedtimes among different generations (一代人) Born before 1970s: 11: 02 p. m. Born in 1970s: 11: 27 p. m. Born in 1980s: 11: 44 p. m. Born in 1990s: 12: 17a. m. Born after 2000s: 12: 33 a. m. ● Reported sleep problems No sleep problems May have insomnia (失眠) Have insomnia 1．How long do Chinese people sleep each night on averages? A．5.65 hours. B．6.75 hours. C．7.65 hours. D．8 hours. 2．During the night, most Chinese people may wake up ________. A．once or twice B．twice or three times C．three or four times D．four or five times 3．Kitty is 22 years old. She may go to bed at ________. A．11: 02 p. m. B．11: 44 p. m. C．12: 17 a. m. D．12: 33 a. m. 4．In which part of the newspaper can you find this passage? A．Sports. B．Science. C．Health. D．Art. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了中国人的睡眠情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sleep length: 6.75 hours”可知，每晚睡6.75个小时，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“How often they wake up: 1.4 times”可知，每晚醒一两次，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Born after 2000s: 12:33 a.m.”可知，22岁的Kitty可能在12点33分去睡觉，故选D。 4．推理判断题。本文讲述了中国人睡眠情况，因此可能来自报纸的健康部分，故选C。 （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末） Welcome to Our Youth Mental Health Help ClassWHO: All adults older than 18. WHAT: It’s a short 4-hour class where you learn how to help kids who feel sad or have trouble with their feelings. FUN FACTS: You’ll learn how to see if a kid is having a hard time and ways to make them feel better. WHEN: August 3rd    4 p.m.—8 p.m. September 12th 10 a.m.—2 p.m. with a break for snacks October 8th 2 p.m.—6 p.m. with time for a snack WHERE: Town Library—456 Pine Road. HOW TO JOIN: Check out our website: http://kidshelpclass.org WHY: Sometimes kids get really worried or feel down. Talking to them and helping them early can help them smile again soon. This class is a good deal—it’s usually $100 or $150, but now it’s free because the Happy Kids Program is paying for it. 1．Who is the Youth Mental Health Help Class designed for? A．Kids under 18. B．People older than 18. C．Middle school students. D．All the people. 2．What will you learn in this class? A．How to play sports with kids. B．How to cook healthy meals for kids. C．How to teach kids math and science. D．How to help kids who are having a hard time. 3．If you want to take the class, how much will you pay for it? A．$50. B．$100. C．$150. D．Free. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文是一则广告，介绍了青少年心理健康帮助班，包括它的开设对象、所学内容、学习时间等。 1．细节理解题。根据“WHO: All adults older than 18.”可知，青少年心理健康帮助班是为18岁以上的人设计的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It’s a short 4-hour class where you learn how to help kids who feel sad or have trouble with their feelings.”可知，在课程中，可以学到怎样帮助那些有困难的孩子，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“This class is a good deal—it’s usually $100 or $150, but now it’s free because the Happy Kids Program is paying for it.”可知，现在这个课程免费，故选D。 30 备战期末考，周周有练习，考试有重点！ 31 备战期末考，周周有练习，考试有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作期末精品复习资料，押题预测！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作期末精品复习资料，押题预测！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 专题07 阅读理解解题技巧及进阶练 （三种体裁，期末热点预测）18篇 目录 解题技巧精讲 1 单元话题精练 3 一、阅读理解之记叙文，精选热点文章 3 二、阅读理解之说明文，精选热点文章 14 三、阅读理解之应用文，精选热点文章 23 解题技巧精讲 一、解题步骤与技巧 1. 先读题干，划关键词 - 技巧：快速浏览题目，圈出人名、地名、数字、时间等定位词。 - 目的：带着问题读文章，节省时间。 2. 速读全文，把握结构 - 技巧：重点读首尾段、每段首尾句，抓住主旨。 - 目的：了解文章题材（记叙/说明/议论文）和框架。 3. 定位细节，比对选项 - 技巧：根据题干关键词回到原文定位，仔细比对选项与原文表述差异。 - 注意：警惕偷换概念（如把“most”改成“all”）、无中生有等陷阱。 4. 推理题：依据原文，合理推断 - 技巧：答案通常与作者态度或文中隐含逻辑相关，避免主观臆断。 5. 猜词义：联系上下文 - 技巧：通过前后句的举例（such as）、转折（but）、同义词等线索推测。 二、实用解题口诀 “题干先读圈重点，速读文章抓主线。 细节定位比原文，推理需按逻辑链。 生词莫慌上下看，主旨态度最后验。” 三、题型分类与举例 1. 细节题（最常见） - 口诀：“细节题，找原句，一字一句要仔细。” - 例： 原文：The London Eye, built in 1999, is 135 meters tall. 题干：How tall is the London Eye? 选项：A. 133m B. 135m C. 199m 答：B（直接对应原文数字） 2. 主旨题 - 口诀：“主旨看首尾，反复出现是核心。” - 例： 原文首段：Recycling is vital for protecting our planet... 题干：What is the passage mainly about? 选项：A. The history of recycling B. The importance of recycling 答：B（首段提出核心观点） 3. 推理题 - 口诀：“推理不离文，过度延伸不可取。” - 例： 原文：Tom forgot his lunch and sighed, "No one remembers me." 题干：How did Tom probably feel? 选项：A. Happy B. Lonely C. Excited 答：B（通过语言和动作推断情绪） 4. 词义猜测题 - 口诀：“生词不要怕，前后有密码。” - 例： 原文：The village is so remote that it takes 5 hours to reach the nearest town. 题干：What does "remote" mean? 选项：A. Crowded B. Far away C. Modern 答：B（通过“5小时到最近城镇”推断） 5. 作者态度题 - 口诀：“态度找褒贬，形容词副词是关键。” - 例： 原文：Unfortunately, many people ignore this serious problem. 题干：What is the author's attitude? 选项：A. Positive B. Negative C. Neutral 答：B（“unfortunately”体现负面态度） 四、高频陷阱警示 1. 绝对化选项：含all, never, must等词的选项常错误。 - 例：原文说“Some birds fly south”，选项说“All birds fly south”即错。 2. 偷换主语/对象： - 原文说“Students should read more”，选项改成“Teachers should read more”。 3. 过度推断： - 原文说“It rained yesterday”，不能推出“The picnic was canceled”（除非明确提到）。 单元话题精练 一、阅读理解之记叙文，精选热点文章 （23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Luckily, the horses accepted me as a superior form of Yahoo and began to treat me kindly. The first thing they did was to teach me their language. As you know by now, dear reader, I am very good at languages. I soon learnt enough words to communicate quite well and I understood we were in Houyhnhnm Land. The Houyhnhnms continued to be impressed by my wisdom and my clean and smart appearance. Many other Houyhnhnms came to visit me. All of them felt confused (困惑) because I was similar to the Yahoos. But I did my very best to show how different I was from these disgusting creatures (令人厌恶的生物). The first grey horse I saw became my master and teacher. Together, we had many interesting conversations. I told my master that the greatest ambition for all Yahoos was to have as much money as possible to buy bigger and better things. I also added that it was very difficult to get that much money honestly. As a result, most of the people lived a poor life while a few people had lots of money. You may think, dear reader, that my description of life in England and Europe was very unfair. But after living with the Houyhnhnms for some time, it became clearer to me how equal their society was. I felt I wanted to live in Houyhnhnm Land for the rest of my life. It was such a pleasant place. Over time I even began to copy the appearance of the Houyhnhnms and made myself shoes like theirs. I was happy to live with the Houyhnhnms for the rest of my life but unluckily everything changed on one fatal day. The Houyhnhnms didn’t think it was right that I lived like a Houyhnhnm. —Taken from Gulliver’s Travels 1．Where was Guliver in this part? A．Lilliput. B．Brobdingnag. C．Houyhnhnm. D．The flying island of Laputa. 2．What does the underlined (划线的) sentence mean in Paragraph 2? A．Gulliver thought he was better than the Yahoos. B．Gulliver thought he was stronger than the Yahoos. C．The Yahoos believed Gulliver was their own master. D．The Yahoos hoped Gulliver could treat them differently. 3．What did Gulliver think of his life in Houyhnhnm Land? A．Tiring. B．Pleasant. C．Boring. D．Important. 4．What may happen after the last paragraph? A．Gulliver would leave for Laputa in a big boat. B．Gulliver lived a good life in Houyhnhnm Land. C．The Houyhnhnms would ask Gulliver to leave. D．The Houyhnhnms would ask Gulliver to stay here. （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末） What was the matter with the police? Soapy was really unhappy now, but he stopped making a noise. How could he get to prison(监狱)? The wind was cold, and he pulled his thin coat around him. But, just then, inside a shop, he saw a man with an expensive umbrella. The man put his umbrella down near the door, and took out a cigarette. Soapy went into the shop, picked up the umbrella, and slowly, he began to walk away. The man came quickly after him. “That’s my umbrella,” he said. “Oh, is it?” Soapy replied. “Then why don’t you call a policeman? I took it, and you say you’re your umbrella. Go on, then. Call a policeman! Look! There’s one on the corner.” The umbrella man looked unhappy. “Well, you know, perhaps I’ve made a mistake. I took it from a restaurant this morning. If it’s yours, I’m very sorry...” “Of course it’s my umbrella,” Soapy said. The policeman looked at them, and the umbrella man walked away. The policeman went to help a beautiful young girl to cross the road. Soapy was really▲now. He threw the umbrella away and said many bad things about policemen. Just because he wanted to go to prison to spend the coming cold days, they did not want to send him there. He could do nothing wrong! He began to walk back to Madison Square and home—his seat. But on a quiet corner, Soapy suddenly stopped. Here, in the middle of the city, was a beautiful old church. Through one purple window he could see a soft light, and sweet music was coming from inside the church. For a few seconds it was like a country church and Soapy remembered other happier days. He thought of the days when he had a mother, friends and beautiful things in his life. Then he thought about his life now—the empty days, the dead plans. And then a wonderful thing happened. Soapy decided to change his life and be a new man. “Tomorrow,” he said to himself, “I’ll go into town and find work.” Soapy felt a hand on his arm. He jumped and looked round quickly into the face of a policeman! —Adapted from Soapy’s Choice by O.Henry 1．According the passage, why did Soapy want to be in prison? A．To spend the winter. B．To punish himself. C．To help his friends. D．To meet his family. 2．Which of the following words is the most suitable for the blank (空格)? A．happy B．afraid C．nervous D．angry 3．Which is the correct order of the following events in the passage?   ①Soapy said many bad things about the policemen. ②Soapy decided to change his life and be a new man. ③Soapy went into the shop and picked up the umbrella. ④Soapy thought of the days with his mother and friends. A．④③①② B．②③④① C．③①④② D．③①②④ 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Soapy didn’t want to change his life. B．Soapy might be sent to prison soon. C．Soapy didn’t have happier days before. D．Soapy was the owner of the umbrella. （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末） Everyone is happy on Saturday morning, but Tom isn’t. He sits in front of a high fence (篱笆). “Too bad! It’s a nice Saturday morning but I must paint the fence. My friends are playing.” Just then, he has an idea. He picks up his brush and starts to paint the fence slowly. His friend Ben is walking down the street and he is eating a big red apple. He sees Tom and says, “Tom, I’m going swimming.” Tom says, “I like it! I can go swimming every day, but I can’t paint a fence every day.” Ben is surprised and he watches Tom paint slowly and carefully, and he often smiles. He looks happy and even sings songs. At this time, “Tom. Let me paint a little,” says Ben. Tom looks at Ben and says, “I’m really sorry, Ben. You know, I’m very good at painting. My brother Sid wants to do it, but he’s not good at painting.” “Oh, Tom, let me try, you can have my apple.” Tom is happy, but he doesn’t smile. “OK, Ben.” Then Tom’s other friends come by. They watch Tom paint and they all want to try, too. They give Tom a new kite, a cat, an old knife. Tom’s friends paint the big fence, and Tom just sits under the big tree and watches them. — Adapted from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1．Tom’s idea is to ________. A．paint as quickly as possible B．finish painting alone C．trick (欺骗) Ben into painting for him D．play with Ben 2．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to (指代) ________. A．going swimming B．painting the fence C．pitting under the tree D．playing with friends 3．Which is the right order of the following things? a. Ben starts to paint the fence.   b. Tom starts to paint the fence. c. Ben gives his apple to Tom.   d. Tom watches his friends paint. A．b—c—a—d B．d—a—c—b C．a—c—b—d D．b—a—d—c 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Ben is going swimming with Tom. B．Tom’s brother Sid is good at painting. C．Tom sits under the tree and watches his friends paint. D．Tom and his friends play with the kite, the cat. 5．What do you think of Tom according to the passage? A．Clever and naughty (淘气的). B．Helpful and hard-working. C．Honest and patient. D．Humorous and brave. （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）A 15-year-old boy in Gaza has made power to light up his family’s tent, using two fans he found at a market. He and his family have lived in the tent since there was a war. His neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton” because of his great ability and bright mind. “Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple fell on his head. And we here are living in darkness and bombs are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so.” The boy said. Since the boy’s family lived a hard life, they connected their tent to the side of a house so that the boy could climb onto the top of the house and set up his two fans to charge batteries (给电池充电). Then, the boy connected the fans to power lines that run down through the house and used on-off, lights and a thin piece of wood in the tent to create light for his family. It took the boy some time to be successful finally after his first two tries failed. The boy was still very happy that he was able to make this because he could help his family and others like them. What’s more, he was also very glad that people in this camp called him “Gaza’s Newton”, because he hoped to become a scientist like Newton and create something that will be good for people of the whole world. 1．When did the boy and his family start living in the tent? A．When he was 15 years old. B．After he found two fans. C．When he created light for his family. D．After the war began in his country. 2．Why did the neighbors call him “Gaza’s Newton”? A．Because he created power lines. B．Because an apple fell on his head. C．Because he found a new energy. D．Because he used fans to make power. 3．How did the boy set up his fans? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The boy is creative and kind-hearted. B．The poor family was rich before the war. C．The boy had no difficulty creating light at first. D．The boy’s neighbors weren’t friendly to each other. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Power created in Gaza B．Special presents in life C．Ways to achieve dreams D．Bright mind of Gaza （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末） “Why did she spill the beans?” I couldn’t believe it was true. I would never forget the day, on which I was being looked at strangely. The thought would always stay with me. And I couldn’t believe I would lose the friendship of the person I trusted most. Five years back, Sally was the new kid in class. I don’t know what it was, but something special about her drew me to her. She was the most friendly person I had known. We started as classmates, we were like best friends. So, I never expected her to hurt me in such a big way. I don’t know what made me tell Sally about my personal life. However, she made the matter bigger than it was, adding her own spin (倾向性描述) (刺) me in the back. After she gave away my secrets, everyone at school started laughing at me. Wherever I went, whispering behind. Because of this terrible situation, I chose to change another school. Sally called me many times. I tried hard to repair the scars she left on my heart. I started a new life. Five years later, my life went back to the way it had been, with new friends, I met Anna at the market. She had been my classmate since 3rd grade. She told me that Sally wasn’t the one who brought my secrets to light. Mary was. Mary was our school’s big mouth who always wanted to stick her nose into other people’s business. I am deeply regretful (懊悔的). I wish I could have trusted Sally and asked her about this. I wish I could have gone back to fix my mistake. From that, I have learned a life lesson that we should trust those we love and should not let the misunderstanding influence our lives. 1．The underlined phrase “spill the beans” in Paragraph 1 has the same meaning as ________. ①drew me to her (in Para 2) ②gave away my secrets (in Para 3) ③repair the scars (in Para 4) ④brought my secrets to light (in Para 4) A．①and② B．①and ③ C．②and④ D．③and④ 2．The writer chose to change another school mainly because ________. A．something special in the new school drew her B．she hated Mary, her school’s big mouth, very much C．she wanted to make new friends to enjoy a new life D．everyone at school knew her secret and laughed at her 3．According the passage, which fits the changes of the writer’s feelings? Feeling ______ when becoming the best friends with Sally Feeling ______ after knowing Sally gave away her secret Feeling so ______ that she chose to change schools Feeling ______ after finding out the truth A．regretful-sad-unbelievable-happy B．happy-regretful-sad-unbelievable C．happy-unbelievable-sad-regretful D．regretful-happy-unbelievable-sad 4．According to Paragraph 5, the writer will probably ________ if something similar happens again. A．keep silent and leave her friends sadly B．speak out her feelings to avoid regret later on C．have a fight against her friends to show her anger D．let it go and go on the friendship with her friends 5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．How to make new friends B．Where to put our trust C．When to change schools D．Why to fix our mistakes （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Robin and the outlaws (逃犯) fought against the sheriff (郡治安官) and his men. Many men were killed and wounded on both sides. There were too many of the sheriff’s men for the outlaws to beat. In the end, the sheriff’s men captured Robin and took him to prison (监狱) in Nottingham. They tied him with rope and put him in a cell (牢房). The cell was at the top of a tall tower. During the night, Robin was able to untie the rope. There was a small window in the tower. Robin tied one end of the rope to a ring in the wall of the cell. He tied the other end to himself. Then he climbed through the window. The cell was a long way from the ground. Slowly, Robin climbed down the rope. He was halfway down when the rope broke. Robin fell to the ground. He lay there for a long time. His leg hurt badly. Before morning, Robin was able to stand up. Then he limped away from the tower. That evening, he came to a small fishing village. The sheriff’s men were not far behind him. He knocked on the door of a small cottage. An old woman opened the door. “Robbers are after me. They will kill me if they catch me. Let me hide and rest here.” The old woman looked at Robin. “He has a kind face,” she thought. “And he is hurt.” “You may stay here for a few days,” She said. Robin stayed with the old woman for many days. Slowly, he got a little better, and he was able to walk again. “How can I pay you?” he said to the old woman. “I have no money.” “I own a fishing boat,” the old woman said. “You can work with the fishermen. They go to the sea tonight.” Robin joined the fishermen on the boat. He worked as hard as he could, but he did not know how to fish. He didn’t catch anything. — Adapted from Robin Hood 1．The meaning of the underlined word “captured” is the closest to that of “________”. A．killed B．lost C．caught D．freed 2．What do you think of Robin when he got away from the cell during the night? A．Kind. B．Patient. C．Clever. D．Careless. 3．Robin paid back the old woman’s kindness by ________. A．giving her a lot of money B．taking good care of her C．giving her a fishing boat D．working on her boat 4．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．Robin was put in the cell because his leg was badly hurt. B．It was a hard way to get away from the cell, but Robin succeeded. C．Robin has no money, so he couldn’t stay in the fishing village. D．The old woman helped Robin because he was good at fishing. 二、阅读理解之说明文，精选热点文章 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Environmentalists (环保人士) are getting more worried about the effects of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is the production of clothes in a large number at a low cost. They are put in shops and online stores quickly to create a high demand. Manufacturers (制造商) make 100 billion all kinds of clothes every year. This is expected to grow 60 per cent by 2030. The fast fashion business model is having a negative effect on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in dustbins and are not recycled. Another negative effect on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make the clothes. These cause health problems to people working in clothes factories. It is reported that children make many of these clothes. The way people are buying clothes is adding to the problem of clothing waste. Many years ago, people went to stores and tried clothes on. People took more time and thought more carefully before they bought clothes. They also wore them longer. Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet and if they don’t like them, they send them back. Some people say this is causing a throwaway (用完即弃的) society. Some people buy clothes and never even wear them. The German media company Deutsche Welle wrote, “Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing ends up in dustbins. Less than one per cent of this is recycled.” It seems the fashion industry is not so sustainable (可持续的). 1．What’s the writer’s feeling about the fast fashion? A．Worried. B．Uninterested. C．Surprised. D．Pleased. 2．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．Many people like to buy cheap clothes on the Internet. B．Clothes in stores are much better than those on the Internet. C．Online shopping is causing more and more clothing waste. D．People in Europe waste lots of clothes every year. 3．What’s the best title for the text? A．The Meaning of Fast Fashion B．The Influences of Fast Fashion C．Problems with Fast Fashion D．Health problems with Fast Fashion （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末） Recently, a new kind of tourism has begun in China, called ‘special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游) ”. It features visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students. Yu Yinghua in Shanghai Lixin University is one of them. The 22-year-old started her tour in March after being deeply touched by such experiences of Xiaohongshu travel bloggers (博主). “Tapped in school for almost 3 years, I’m now hungry to take trips,” said Yu. ① Most of her trips were started from her daily life, such as a chat with friends. “But making a plan carefully for the trip is important,” Yu said. She found lots of information before travelling. That would help save time when travelling and enjoy the places better. ② Her last trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22-year-old visited nine local places. “That day, I walked almost 30,000 steps,” Yu said, Although it’s a bit tiring, I enjoy this trip as much as days-long trips.” ③ Unlike Yu travelling in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a doctoral (博士学位的) student in Shanghai, likes to travel far to get herself free from schoolwork. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an, Shaanxi. During her trip, she visited all the famous places in the city. “Such a trip can bring a bright colour to my busy life!” said Chen. ④ “It’s labor-consuming (消耗体力的). Visitors try to see as many places as possible in a short period,” Chen said. In some ways, such trips are not as flexible (灵活的) as days-long trips because you can’t change your plan. “So, enough energy and a clear mind are necessary for this tour,” said Chen. 1．Which of the following examples is a kind of “special forces style tourism”? A．John, a manager in a company, travels to Suzhou with his wife for about a month. B．Lucy, a primary school student, travels to Nanjing with her classmates on Friday. C．Mike, a college student, travels to many places in Hangzhou with his friend on Saturday. D．Mary, a high school teacher, travels to Hainan with her husband during summer holiday. 2．The sentence “But such kind of tourism may not be proper for everyone.” should be put in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Where may this passage come from? A．A comic book. B．A novel report. C．A film review. D．A travel magazine. （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）People throw trash (垃圾) on the beach and even into the ocean. The trash has become the “home” of hermit crabs (寄居蟹). Believe it or not, it is happening all over the world. Scientists have seen hermit crabs using bottle tops, parts of old light bulbs (灯泡), and even broken glass bottles. Unlike other crabs, hermit crabs are born with soft bodies, so they need to look for shells (壳) for protection. They first look at the shells’ type, size and color. Then, they use their legs to check the inside of the shells to make sure they are the right size. As they grow, they give up their old shells and find bigger ones to live in. However, “trash shells” can bring danger to hermit crabs. Different from natural shells, plastic waste (塑料垃圾) is often brighter in color. It might stand out against the background, so predators (捕食者) can find hermit crabs more easily. The crabs could also get stuck (粘住) and die when they go into plastic bottles. When they get inside of old tires (轮胎), they may find it difficult to get out and starve to death (饿死). 1．According to Paragraph 1, what has become a problem? A．People cannot leave trash on the beach. B．There are more hermit crabs than ever. C．Hermit crabs are using trash as homes. D．Scientists have a problem finding hermit crabs. 2．Why do hermit crabs stay in shells? A．Because they like the colors of the shells. B．Because they need to look after the shells. C．Because they can grow faster inside the shells. D．Because their soft bodies need shells for protection. 3．How do hermit crabs check the size inside a shell? A．They use their legs. B．They use their eyes to look. C．They check the type of the shell. D．They put an old shell into the new shell. （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末） You might know about the Emei martial arts (武术) in wuxia novels by Jin Yong. Does it really exist (存在)? The answer is yes. Emei martial arts started from Mount Emei in Sichuan province. It has a history of about 3,000 years. Together with Shaolin and Wudang, Emei is one of the three main schools of Chinese kung fu. Both strength (力量) and softness are important to Emei martial arts. While practicing it, people have to move their hands and feet quickly and forcefully (有力地). The movements are full of ups and downs. Emei martial arts have 68 schools and 2,638 practice skills and ways. In 2008, the Emei martial arts became a National Intangible Cultural Heritage in China. Ma Zhaolingyun, 24, is an inheritor (传承人) of Emei martial arts. She has amazed people with her skills in her videos. Ma started to practice martial arts at the age of 4. She loves to show different Emei martial arts skills in daily life, including those using swords, daggers, spears and more. She also uses everyday things like feather dusters and brooms to perform (表演). Three years ago, Ma became popular online for a video. In the video, she performed martial arts with a sword after throwing rubbish into a waste bin! Ma and her team have kept working out new ways to promote (推广) Emei martial arts. For example, she puts games and fashion in her videos. Moreover, Ma works hard to promote traditional Chinese culture beyond (超出) just Emei martial arts. She mixes martial arts performances with traditional Chinese calligraphy (书法), tea and the intangible cultural heritage items. “Fine traditional Chinese culture is around us. I hope that my videos will remind people’s love for traditional culture,” Ma said. 1．To be good at Emei martial arts, what do people have to do? A．Learn the history of Chinese kung fu. B．Practice doing quick and strong moves. C．Create their own practice skills and ways. D．Have a rich experience of life’s ups and downs. 2．When did Ma start practising martial arts? A．At the age of 4 B．At the age of 9 C．At the age of 21 D．At the age of 24 3．How did Ma become popular online? A．By teaching martial arts in France. B．By making swords with everyday things. C．By performing martial arts in her videos. D．By making videos about games and fashion. 4．Why does Ma put traditional Chinese calligraphy into her martial arts performances? A．To learn some new skills. B．To show new ways of making videos. C．To make her performance look different. D．To get people interested in traditional culture. （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Your favourite colour can show a lot about your personality. The form below explains the relationship between colours and personalities. Colours Personalities Green Green is the colour of peace and hope. Kind and peaceful people are often interested in green. They love nature, their families, friends and pets. It is the colour for the garden lover and the home lover. Blue The colour blue means trust, responsibility (责任) and honesty. Blue lovers can be caring, soft, patient, and also be good at self-control. They are often respected for their wisdom. On the other hand, it’s possible that they worry too much. White White offers a sense of peace and calm. As a symbol (象征) of purity, it’s often connected with perfection, honesty and cleanliness. A “white” person can be wise, self-controlled, and a great help when you are in need. Red The colour red stands for liveliness and health. People with an outgoing (外向的) personality like red better. They are active, open and brave. However, “red” people aren’t good at self-check. They can’t often realize their weakness. Yellow Yellow stands for imagination (想象), happiness, joy and wisdom. Yellow lovers usually have a sunny personality and a strong sense of humour. A “yellow” person may at times be a little bit careless, but his communication skills are excellent. 1．Mrs Green loves green best, so she may ________. A．get angry easily B．treat her pets badly C．have few friends in life D．be interested in gardening 2．Which of the following about the colour white is TRUE? A．White lovers are active and humorous. B．People who like white get worried easily. C．It means trust, responsibility and honesty. D．White lovers are great helpers when someone is in trouble. 3．Which colour may outgoing people like better? A．Red. B．White. C．Yellow. D．Blue. 4．What are yellow lovers good at? A．Self-check. B．Communication. C．Self-control. D．Sports. 5．The reading is most probably taken from a ________. A．health report B．book review C．life magazine D．classical novel （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末） People think differently, but how does this happen? To find out the answer, Dr. Guilford, a famous psychologist, carried out a study on creativity (创造力) in the 1970s, known at The Nine-Dot Puzzle (九点谜题). In the research, Guilford asked participators (参与者) to connect all nine dots with at most four straight lines, without lifting pencils from the paper. As a result, only 20% managed to solve the puzzle. The following survey showed that all failed participators had looked for ways in the virtual (虚拟的) box, which is formed with virtual lines. But the winners could break out of the virtual box and continued their lines in the open space around the dots. The results of Guilford’s research led him to an idea: creativity needs you to go outside the box. The idea was widely spread soon. Overnight, it seemed that there were creativity experts everywhere, teaching people how to think outside the box. The idea was so popular that no one thought of checking the facts until two different research teams, did another study. To check if Guilford’s idea is correct, the participators were divided (分) into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as those in Guilford’s study. The second group was told they could draw outside the virtual box. Most people think that at least 60% of the second group could solve the puzzle easily. Guess what? Less than 25% solved the puzzle. It was nearly the same as the result of Guilford’s study. The result made everyone surprised, but it was the truth. Let’s look more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem needs people to think outside the box. However, direct and clear instructions —“think outside the box” did not help participators solve the puzzle more easily. In some ways, the idea that thinking outside the box makes people more creative can be improper. 1．Which of the following can solve The Nine-Dot Puzzle? A． B． C． D． 2．Most people thought that in Guilford’s study, more participators would solve the puzzle if ________. A．they could find out the imagined box more quickly B．they were given some more time to complete the puzzle C．they were told to draw the lines outside the imagined box D．they could discuss the ways together with other participators 3．Which part of the article explains Burnham with Davis and Alba with Robert’s study and their findings? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 4．Which is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage probably tells us that ________. A．the popular ideas among most people are true B．the “facts” accepted by many people may not be facts C．being good at going outside the box means creativity D．practising solving puzzles does help to think differently 三、阅读理解之应用文，精选热点文章 （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末） ● Black Holes On April 10, people around the world got their first look at a real black hole. Want to know more? Come and enjoy a film about black holes at 3 p.m. on Thursday in the school hall! ● 5G is coming! Come and experience what it is like!Time: 2:30 p.m.—4:30 p.m. on Friday Place: Science Center Teachers: Miss Yang, Mr. Zhu ● Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters?Speaker: Doctor Ma Time: 9:00—11:00 a.m. on Monday Place: Biology Lab Two ● 3D-printed products must bring you different feelings!Time: 8:20—10:20 a.m. on Tuesday Place: Computer Room Four Teacher: Mr. Wang 1．You can enjoy a film about ________ on Thursday in the school hall. A．5G B．black holes C．3D-printed products D．biology 2．From 9:00-11:00 a. m. on Monday, you can ________. A．watch a film B．learn more about 5G C．listen to a talk D．enjoy 3D-printed products 3．On Monday, ________ will tell you “Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters”. A．Doctor Ma B．Mr. Wang C．Mr. Zhu D．Miss Yang 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The science week will end on September 12th. B．On Friday, you can experience what 5G is like at Science Center. C．You can enjoy 3D-printed products at Biology Lab Two. D．From 8:20 to 10:20 a. m on Thursday, you can enjoy 3D-printed products. 5．This passage is probably ________. A．a poem B．a novel C．a diary D．a poster （23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末） How to write a secret message Do you want to write a message that can only be read by a person? It is a secret message for that person only. The other people can’t see the message on the paper. Only that person knows how to make the message appear. Here’s an experiment (实验) on how to write such a message.You’ll need half a lemon                         a cup four spoons of water            a cotton swab (棉签) white paper                          a light bulb (电灯泡) What to do 1 Squeeze (挤) some lemon juice into water. Mix the water and juice. 2 Put the cotton swab into the mixture (混合物) and make it wet. Use the wet cotton swab to write some words on the paper. 3 Let the paper dry. Show it to someone and ask if he or she can see the words on the paper. 4 Hold the paper close to a light bulb to heat it. Ask him or her again. Let me explain it! Lemon juice has chemicals that have carbon (碳). The chemicals break down easily when they are heated (加热). And the carbon makes them turn into a dark color. 1．What is the correct order of the experiment according to the form? a. Use a light bulb to heat the paper. b. Put a cotton swab into the mixture. c. Mix lemon juice and water. d. Write some words on a piece of white paper with the wet cotton swab. e. Dry the paper. A．a-d-c-b-e B．c-b-a-e-d C．c-b-d-e-a D．a-e-b-c-d 2．What does the text mainly talk about? A．It tells us how we can make good use of fruit juice. B．It explains why water is very important in our daily life. C．It tells how we can make a mixture of water and lemon juice. D．It shows how we can use lemon juice and water to write a secret message. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A science magazine. B．A cookbook. C．A storybook. D．A travel guidebook. （23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末） Cruise (游船) Service Operating Dates Every Saturday, Sunday and National Holidays Operating Hours11:00-18:55 Ticket PriceSingle Trip Ticket: RMB 15 Free cruise admissionKids under the ageof 3: free Docking LocationsBlue Sky Road Dock — Shanghai Garden Village Dock Rules for Safe Travel 1. Guests should stay in the cabin (船舱) and are not allowed to enter the driver’s cabin during the cruise. 2. Guests mustn’t smoke in all areas of the ferry (渡口). 3. You are responsible (负责的) for the security and protection of your personal belongings (财物) at all times. 4. Feeding animals is not allowed (including birds and fish). 5. Pets are not allowed (with the exception of service dogs) on the cruise. Service dogs must be under the control of the owner at all times. 1．You can go on a cruise on ________. A．12:00 of Friday B．12:00 of Saturday C．10:00 of Friday D．10:00 of Saturday 2．A single trip for a mom and her two-year-old son costs ________. A．RMB 15 B．RMB 30 C．RMB 45 D．RMB 60 3．The purpose of this passage is ________on the cruise. A．to provide information on service B．to introduce the service and rules C．to stop people from feeding animals D．to show the use of safety equipment 4．Which of the following signs may NOT be found on the ferry? A． B． C． D． 5．Where is it probably taken from? A．A science fiction. B．A novel. C．A tour advertisement. D．A storybook. （23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Fremont Public LibraryDifferent types of materials                               Book collections for all ages Magazines and newspapers E-books and DVDs The map of Fremont Town Activities for different age groups Weekly story time for ages 2-6 Summer and winter reading programs for ages 7-18 Monthly book discussions for working-age adults Arts and crafts (工艺品) for seniors Opening hours Monday: CLOSED            Tuesday-Sunday: 10:00-19:00 If you become a member of the library, you can get a free Wi-Fi connection use the public computers for free book a meeting room and use it for free renew books once after the first 21 days copy pages of books for 0.01 U. S. dollars per page borrow two more books than non-members (非会员) [Non-members can borrow no more than three books at a time.] 1．The Fremont Public Library is in the ▲ of town. A．center B．north C．south D．east 2．What does the underlined word“seniors”refer to (指)? A．Kids aged 2-6. B．Adults aged 19-60. C．Elderly people over 60. D．Teenagers aged 13-18. 3．Which of the following is NOT free at the library? A．Copying two pages of a book. B．Getting connected to the Wi-Fi. C．Booking and using a meeting room. D．Using a public computer to search for information. （23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）How Well do Chinese People Sleep ● Sleeping averages (平均值) Sleep length: 6.75 hours Bedtime: 12: 01 a. m. How often they wake up: 1.4 times Average sleep score: 75 points ● Bedtimes among different generations (一代人) Born before 1970s: 11: 02 p. m. Born in 1970s: 11: 27 p. m. Born in 1980s: 11: 44 p. m. Born in 1990s: 12: 17a. m. Born after 2000s: 12: 33 a. m. ● Reported sleep problems No sleep problems May have insomnia (失眠) Have insomnia 1．How long do Chinese people sleep each night on averages? A．5.65 hours. B．6.75 hours. C．7.65 hours. D．8 hours. 2．During the night, most Chinese people may wake up ________. A．once or twice B．twice or three times C．three or four times D．four or five times 3．Kitty is 22 years old. She may go to bed at ________. A．11: 02 p. m. B．11: 44 p. m. C．12: 17 a. m. D．12: 33 a. m. 4．In which part of the newspaper can you find this passage? A．Sports. B．Science. C．Health. D．Art. （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期末） Welcome to Our Youth Mental Health Help ClassWHO: All adults older than 18. WHAT: It’s a short 4-hour class where you learn how to help kids who feel sad or have trouble with their feelings. FUN FACTS: You’ll learn how to see if a kid is having a hard time and ways to make them feel better. WHEN: August 3rd    4 p.m.—8 p.m. September 12th 10 a.m.—2 p.m. with a break for snacks October 8th 2 p.m.—6 p.m. with time for a snack WHERE: Town Library—456 Pine Road. HOW TO JOIN: Check out our website: http://kidshelpclass.org WHY: Sometimes kids get really worried or feel down. Talking to them and helping them early can help them smile again soon. This class is a good deal—it’s usually $100 or $150, but now it’s free because the Happy Kids Program is paying for it. 1．Who is the Youth Mental Health Help Class designed for? A．Kids under 18. B．People older than 18. C．Middle school students. D．All the people. 2．What will you learn in this class? A．How to play sports with kids. B．How to cook healthy meals for kids. C．How to teach kids math and science. D．How to help kids who are having a hard time. 3．If you want to take the class, how much will you pay for it? A．$50. B．$100. C．$150. D．Free. 18 备战期末考，周周有练习，考试有重点！ 23 备战期末考，周周有练习，考试有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$