期末冲刺02 核心语法精讲练（一）现在完成时与被动语态-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期末复习重难点突破（江苏专用）

期末冲刺02核心语法精讲练（一）现在完成时与被动语态 考试时间：40分钟；满分：100分 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单项选择（共40分） 1．—Where is Miss Smith, Jenny? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left half an hour ago. A．has gone to B．has been to C．is going to D．goes to 2．—Let’s turn on the TV and enjoy watching the football match. —It’s too late. It ________ for half an hour. And the result is 1-0, China won. A．has finished B．has begun C．has been on D．has been over 3．— Hello! May I speak to Jack? —Sorry. He ________ to the library. A．goes B．went C．has gone D．has been 4．Though the great scientist __________ for three years, we will never forget the contribution he made. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead 5．Xuyi, a city in Jiangsu Province, ________ for its crayfish (龙虾) since 2000. A．is famous B．was famous C．will be famous D．has been famous 6．The 33rd Olympic Games ________ in Paris in July, 2024. A．will hold B．is held C．will be held D．was held 7．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful! A lot of useful advice on road safety _________. A．is offered B．are offered C．was offered D．were offered 8．—Let’s go to play soccer now, Jack. —I’d like to, but I need at least one more hour before my project ________. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 9．—French films are my cup of tea. Some of them are really wonderful. —Oh, what a pity! I ________ any of them. A．won’t watch B．am not watching C．was watching D．haven’t watched 10．—Where is Mr. White, Martina? —He __________ Hong Kong. He will come back next week. A．goes to B．has been to C．is going to D．has gone to 11．It is said that more railways to improve the traffic situation in the next five years. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 12．—Was the doctors successful in saving the patient? —Yes. He ________ the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．was operated on C．operated on D．operated 13．—Great changes ________ in Xinghua in the past two years. —I’m so proud of my country! Instead of just giving money to poor people, China has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to shake off poverty (贫困). A．were taken place B．have been taken place C．have taken place D．took place 14．—Could you tell me how long you ________ the Huawei mobile phone? —Nearly a year. It works very well. A．will buy B．have had C．have bought D．had 15．— Can you offer me the novels by Mo Yan? — Of course. All except one of them ________ in our company. A．has published B．have published C．has been published D．have been published 16．If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police. A．fine B．fined C．are fined D．will be fined 17．When I was a kid, some of my pocket money ________ to buy stuffed toy animals. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 18．—With the local government’s support, Siyang ________ a lot over the past ten years. —That’s true. People are living a happy life now. A．develops B．developed C．will develop D．has developed 19．A charity show ______ to collect money for poor children last weekend. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 20．Every year, many people come to Beijing to attend the Two Sessions(两会). Even the teenagers can _____ a chance to make their voices _____. A．be given; hear B．give; hear C．be given; heard D．give; be heard 21．— Have you finished reading the book Oliver Twist? — Not yet. I ________ it for nearly a month I’m going to the library to renew it. A．have bought B．have borrowed C．have had D．have kept 22．—When did your brother leave his hometown? —He ________ for nearly ten years. A．has been away B．left C．has left D．was left 23．—Does Jim enjoy his stay in China? —Yes. Not only Jim but also his parents _________ quite a few wonderful cities since they came to China. A．would visit B．visited C．has visited D．have visited 24．If all the steps ________ properly, a model plane will be successfully made. A．are followed B．follows C．will be followed D．will follow 25．—Have you ever read the novel called Gulliver’s Travels? —Yes. It ________ well. A．is read B．was read C．will read D．reads 26．I ________ Aunt Suzy for three years and I miss her very much. A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．won’t see D．haven’t seen 27．The 33rd Olympic Games __________ in Paris in July, 2024. A．is held B．are held C．will be taken place D．will be held 28．A meeting ________ by us tomorrow. A．will held B．is going to be held C．will hold D．is going to hold 29．If both drivers and pedestrians (行人) are careful enough, many accidents can ________. A．protect B．be protected C．prevent D．be prevented 30．Several traffic accidents have happened recently. If drivers are careful enough, most accidents ________. A．can prevent B．can be prevented C．need prevent D．will prevent 31．It can’t be Mrs Li. As a volunteer, she ________ Shanghai since April. A．has been in B．has gone to C．has been to D．has come to 32．—Sandy, how long have you had the iphone 14 pro? —________ a couple of days ago. I ________ it last week. A．For; bought B．For; have bought C．Since; bought D．Since; have bought 33．—The life we were used to _________ greatly since 1992. —That’s true. It is changing for the better at all times. A．has changed B．changing C．change D．is changed 34．—Come on, Linda, the film The First Slam Dunk (《灌篮高手》) ________ for five minutes. —OK, I’m coming. A．was B．begun C．has begun D．has been on 35．Dad isn’t at home. He ________ since last month. A．left B．has left C．has been away D．went away 36．—Why are you in such a hurry, Tony? —The parade ________ for five minutes. I don’t want to miss too much. A．started B．has started C．has been on D．was on 37．—Excuse me, where are Mr and Mrs Li? —They ________ Hangzhou for half a year. They moved there in January. A．have gone to B．have been to C．have arrived in D．have been in 38．—Mum, may I watch TV for a while? —As soon as your homework ________, you can. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 39．―I’m terribly sorry for being late. ―No worries. The film ________ for just a few minutes. A．has begun B．has finished C．has been on D．has been over 40．The elephants ________ to the zoo tomorrow afternoon. A．is sent B．will send C．may be sent D．is going to send 二、现完三根据汉语提示完成句子。（共25分） 41．I have (借) the dictionary for half a month. It’s time to give it back. 42．They have (生产) a plastic box like you can see on the design paper. 43．Many children are (允许) to have their own bank cards these days. 44．—Have you the books to the library? —Of course. (归还) 45．The meeting has been (结束) for nearly half an hour. 46．This city was badly (污染) last year. 47．By working together, we have （达成） great things. 48．He lost the bike and was (惩罚) by his parents. 49．It might be several months before she’s fully (治愈). 50．A charity show was by the Students’ Union last week. (举行) 51．You are to study hard and get good results. (期待) 52．A new school will (创办) in my hometown next year. 53．Mr Li has (解释) the Maths problem to us several times, but most of us still can’t understand it. 54．The twins were (分开) in the war. They finally got together 40 years later. 55．All the British publishing houses (拒绝) to publish Harry Potter series then. 56．He (冒险) his own life to help this old man out of danger last Sunday. 57．Michael Jackson (去世) at the age of 50. 58．If we do not act to improve the environment, the clean water . （将用完） 59．Children must be (警告) to stay away from main roads. 60．He (收到) no support from her parents, which made him sad. 61．Hurry up, the articles must be (打印) out before class. 62．We are not to cut down trees. (允许) 63．It is amazing that these rocks were (形成) more than 4000 million years ago. 64．The couple have been （分开）from each other for over one month because of the pandemic. 65．The air has been (污染) seriously. It has haze every day. 三、现完二用所给词的适当形式填空（共32分） 66．Tom and Linda (marry) for ten years, but they never argue with each other. 67．Great changes (take) place in Huai’an in the past two years. 68．Linda has not (realize) the importance of doing exercise. 69．The government (try) to stop people from littering recently. 70．Our school a speech on how to recycle waste the other day. (hold) 71．I (communication) with Jack my pen friend by email the other day. 72．The environmental situation they were used to (improve) a lot last year. 73．The boy (miss) his family very much so he often read the letters from them. 74．Gulliver pulled one hand free and to break the ropes. (manage) 75．The prices of houses (rise) a lot last year. People hope they can drop a little soon. 76．—Have you taken the medicine yet? —Yes. I (take) it this morning. 77．—Welcome to our company! Have you been used to the life in Nanjing? —Thank you. Life is quite different. You know I (be) abroad in the USA for five years. 78．When I asked him for help, he just (shake) his head and left quickly. 79．—Can I use the computer to search for information now? —Of course, we (repair) it. Help yourself! 80．Have you ever (write) to your parents to ask for help? 81．He to London. He will be back in two weeks. (go) 82．I have the book for two days. (keep) 83．25 years (pass) since Hong Kong returned to China. 84．Xiaomi (expect) to sell a large number of SU7 cars in the coming months by Lei Jun this year. 85．Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish). 86．The charity (set) up to help people with eye problems last month. 87．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 88．The sports meeting (hold) in our school next week. 89．When you enter the museum, you (take) round it by a guide. Please keep quiet. 90．Speed reading courses (support) by real science at present. 91．Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us. 92．A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 93．If someone is caught littering in public places, he or she can (fine) for it. 94．More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 95．After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022. 96．We will be (punish) if we take no action to protect the environment. 97．The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 98．The famous writer (write) one new book in the past two years. 99．I (see) this movie three times. 100．I had already (lie) down when he came in. 试卷第20页，共22页 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期末冲刺02 核心语法精讲练（一）现在完成时与被动语态 (参考答案) 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．D 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．D 17．D 18．D 19．D 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．D 27．D 28．B 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．C 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．C 41．kept 42．produced 43．allowed 44．returned 45．over 46．polluted 47．achieved 48．punished 49．cured 50．held 51．expected 52．be set up 53．explained 54．separated 55．refused 56．risked 57．died 58．will run out/will be used up 59．warned 60．received 61．printed 62．allowed 63．formed 64．seperated 65．polluted 66．have been married 67．have taken 68．realized 69．has tried 70．held 71．communicated 72．improved 73．missed 74．managed 75．rose 76．took 77．was 78．shook 79．have repaired 80．written 81．has gone 82．kept 83．has passed 84．is/was expected 85．be punished 86．was set 87．were offered 88．will be held 89．will be taken 90．are supported 91．is shown 92．will be held 93．be fined 94．will be cut 95．checked 96．punished 97．filled 98．has written 99．have seen 100．lain 答案第2页，共3页 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期末冲刺02核心语法精讲练（一）现在完成时与被动语态 考试时间：40分钟；满分：100分 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单项选择（共40分） 1．—Where is Miss Smith, Jenny? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left half an hour ago. A．has gone to B．has been to C．is going to D．goes to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——珍妮，史密斯小姐在哪里？——她去公司参加一个重要的会议。她半个小时前就离开了。 考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地；has been to去过某地；is going to将要；goes to到……去。根据“She left half an hour ago.”可知，她半个小时前就离开了，说明此时人不在这里，应用have gone to表示“去了某地（人还没回来）”。故选A。 2．—Let’s turn on the TV and enjoy watching the football match. —It’s too late. It ________ for half an hour. And the result is 1-0, China won. A．has finished B．has begun C．has been on D．has been over 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——让我们打开电视观看足球比赛吧。——太晚了。球赛已经结束了半个小时，结果是1比0，中国队赢了。 考查现在完成时态。在现在完成时态中，当与一段时间状语连用时，谓语应用延续性动词，finish表示“完成”，begin表示“开始”，都是短暂性动词，则对应的延续性动词分别是be over和be on。根据题干中“And the result is 1-0, China won. ”可知，足球比赛已经结束了半个小时，则此处应用be over。故选D。 3．— Hello! May I speak to Jack? —Sorry. He ________ to the library. A．goes B．went C．has gone D．has been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好！我可以和Jack说话吗？——抱歉。他去了图书馆。 考查现在完成时及have been to和have gone to的辨析。have been to+地点：去过某地已回来；have gone to+地点：去了某地还未回来。根据“May I speak to Jack”和“Sorry”可知Jack在过去某个时间去了图书馆还未回来，而造成的影响是现在不能接电话，所以应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故选C。 4．Though the great scientist __________ for three years, we will never forget the contribution he made. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然这位伟大的科学家已经去世三年了，但是我们永远不会忘记他所作出的贡献。 考查延续性动词。根据“for three years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时have/has done，且动词要用延续性动词，die为短暂性动词，其延续性动词为be dead。故选C。 5．Xuyi, a city in Jiangsu Province, ________ for its crayfish (龙虾) since 2000. A．is famous B．was famous C．will be famous D．has been famous 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自2000年以来，江苏省盱眙县一直以小龙虾闻名。 考查现在完成时。根据“since 2000”可知，句子的时态是现在完成时，谓语动词构成是have/has done，be famous for意为“以……而闻名”，固定词组。故选D。 6．The 33rd Olympic Games ________ in Paris in July, 2024. A．will hold B．is held C．will be held D．was held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第33届奥运会将于2024年7月在巴黎举行。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“The 33rd Olympic Games…in Paris in July, 2024”可知，主语“The 33rd Olympic Games”和动词“hold”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语“in July, 2024”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”。故选C。 7．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful! A lot of useful advice on road safety _________. A．is offered B．are offered C．was offered D．were offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为你们社区昨天的活动怎么样？——非常精彩！很多关于道路安全的有用建议被提了出来。 考查动词的被动语态。根据“yesterday’s activity”可知此处应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词的过去分词”，排除选项A和B；主语“advice”是不可数名词，因此be动词应用“was”。故选C。 8．—Let’s go to play soccer now, Jack. —I’d like to, but I need at least one more hour before my project ________. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——杰克，现在咱们去踢足球吧。——我很想去，但在我的项目完成之前，我至少再需要一个小时。 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，该句为before引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时；从句的主语“project”是动词“finish”的动作承受者，需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is/am/are+过去分词”。故选B。 9．—French films are my cup of tea. Some of them are really wonderful. —Oh, what a pity! I ________ any of them. A．won’t watch B．am not watching C．was watching D．haven’t watched 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我喜欢法国电影。其中一些真的很棒。——哦，太遗憾了！我没有看过它们中的任何一个。 考查动词时态。根据“Oh, what a pity! I...any of them.”可知此处指到现在为止，从来没有看过任何一部法国电影，需使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选D。 10．—Where is Mr. White, Martina? —He __________ Hong Kong. He will come back next week. A．goes to B．has been to C．is going to D．has gone to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——玛蒂娜，怀特先生在哪里？——他去了香港。他下周会回来。 考查现在完成时。goes to去；has been to曾经去过；is going to将要去；has gone to去了某地。根据“He will come back next week.”可知，此时怀特先生在香港，所以应用has gone to，表示去了某地，还没回来，故选D。 11．It is said that more railways to improve the traffic situation in the next five years. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据称，未来五年将修建更多铁路以改善交通状况。 考查动词时态。根据“in the next five years”可知此处需用一般将来时，且主语“railways”与“修建”之间存在被动关系，因此此处需用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be done。故选B。 12．—Was the doctors successful in saving the patient? —Yes. He ________ the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．was operated on C．operated on D．operated 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——医生成功地救了病人吗？——是的。他于6月2日上午接受了手术，现已脱离危险。 考查被动语态和介词用法。主语“He”和所给谓语动词operate构成动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据“the morning of June 2”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were done”；“the morning of June 2”是具体某一天的早上，用介词on。故选B。 13．—Great changes ________ in Xinghua in the past two years. —I’m so proud of my country! Instead of just giving money to poor people, China has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to shake off poverty (贫困). A．were taken place B．have been taken place C．have taken place D．took place 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在过去的两年中，兴化发生了很大的变化。——我为我的祖国感到骄傲！中国不是把钱给穷人，而是一直在努力教育人民，为他们提供摆脱贫困所需的工具。 考查时态。take place意为“发生”，不能用于被动语态。根据“in the past two years”可知，此句应用现在完成时，其构成为“has/have done”，主语“Great changes”为复数，用have构成现在完成时，故选C。 14．—Could you tell me how long you ________ the Huawei mobile phone? —Nearly a year. It works very well. A．will buy B．have had C．have bought D．had 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这个华为手机你买了多久？——接近一年。它用起来很好。 考查时态。will buy用于一般将来时；have had用于现在完成时态；have bought用于现在完成时态；had用于一般过去时。根据答句“Nearly a year.”可知，空处需现在完成时，buy是短暂性动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，要换成延续性动词have，即have had。故选B。 15．— Can you offer me the novels by Mo Yan? — Of course. All except one of them ________ in our company. A．has published B．have published C．has been published D．have been published 【答案】D 【详解】except 是介词，它引导两个主语时，谓语动词单复数由前面一个主语决定，本句的中心词是all， 故助动词用复数have, punish用被动语态。 16．If we drop litter in a public place, we __________ by the police. A．fine B．fined C．are fined D．will be fined 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，我们将被警察罚款。 考查条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句，采用“主将从现”，故选D。 17．When I was a kid, some of my pocket money ________ to buy stuffed toy animals. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买毛绒玩具动物。 考查时态和被动语态。uses使用，一般现在时；is used被使用，一般现在时的被动语态；used使用，一般过去时；was used被使用，一般过去时的被动语态。分析题干可知，主语“some of my pocket money”和动词“use”之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a kid”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 18．—With the local government’s support, Siyang ________ a lot over the past ten years. —That’s true. People are living a happy life now. A．develops B．developed C．will develop D．has developed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在地方政府的支持下，泗阳在过去十年取得了很大发展。——这是真的。人们现在过着幸福的生活。 考查现在完成时。develops一般现在时；developed一般过去时；will develop一般将来时；has developed现在完成时。根据“Siyang…a lot over the past ten years.”以及“People are living a happy life now.”可知，此句表述过去政府做的工作对现在泗阳人们造成的影响，因此用现在完成时。故选D。 19．A charity show ______ to collect money for poor children last weekend. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周末举行了一场慈善演出，为贫困儿童募集善款。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。holds一般现在时的主动语态；held一般过去时的主动语态；is held一般现在时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last weekend”排除AC，由于主语“A charity show”与谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态were/was done。故选D。 20．Every year, many people come to Beijing to attend the Two Sessions(两会). Even the teenagers can _____ a chance to make their voices _____. A．be given; hear B．give; hear C．be given; heard D．give; be heard 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年都有很多人来北京参加两会，甚至青少年有机会来表达自己的心声。 考查被动语态和非谓语动词。第一个空在句子中作谓语，主语the teenagers 和give之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，结构是be+过去分词，排除B和D；使役动词make后接不加to的动词不定式或过去分词做宾补，这里their voices和hear之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词；故选C。 21．— Have you finished reading the book Oliver Twist? — Not yet. I ________ it for nearly a month I’m going to the library to renew it. A．have bought B．have borrowed C．have had D．have kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—— 你读完《雾都孤儿》这本书了吗？ —— 还没有。我已经借了将近一个月了，我打算去图书馆续借。 考查现在完成时延续性和非延续性动词。have bought买；have borrowed借；have had拥有；have kept保持，保留。根据后文“I’m going to the library to renew it.”可知，要去图书馆续借这本书，前一句描述的是这本书已经借过来将近一个月，空处应该填表示“持有，保留”的词，“for nearly a month ”是一段时间，需要和延续性动词连用。故填D。 22．—When did your brother leave his hometown? —He ________ for nearly ten years. A．has been away B．left C．has left D．was left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的哥哥什么时候离开他的家乡？——他已经离开了近10年了。 考查动词的时态及延续性动词。由“for nearly ten years”可知，句子要用现在完成时（have/has done），且动词要用延续性动词，leave“离开”，是瞬间性动词，其延续性短语是be away，故选A。 23．—Does Jim enjoy his stay in China? —Yes. Not only Jim but also his parents _________ quite a few wonderful cities since they came to China. A．would visit B．visited C．has visited D．have visited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——吉姆在中国过得愉快吗？——是的。自从来到中国，不仅吉姆，他的父母也造访了不少令人惊叹的城市。 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“since they came to China.”可知，该句是现在完成时，结合“Not only Jim but also his parents”可知，此处谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，故选D。 24．If all the steps ________ properly, a model plane will be successfully made. A．are followed B．follows C．will be followed D．will follow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果所有步骤被执行得当，一个模型飞机将被成功地制作完成。 考查时态和语态。are followed一般现在时被动语态形式；follows一般现在时第三人称单数形式；will be followed一般将来时被动语态形式；will follow一般将来时形式。分析句子结构可知，本题主句是一般将来时“will be successfully made”，所以前面“If”的引导的条件状语从句中须用一般现在时，即“主将从现”；从句中主语“all the steps”和动词“follow”之间是被动关系，所以须用被动语态形式；再根据“steps”可知，be动词用are。因此，此空应填are followed。故选A。 25．—Have you ever read the novel called Gulliver’s Travels? —Yes. It ________ well. A．is read B．was read C．will read D．reads 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你读过《格列佛游记》这本小说吗？——是的。它读起来很好。 考查主动表被动的用法。此处read是描述主语的特征的不及物动词，应用主动表被动，表示现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用单三。故选D。 26．I ________ Aunt Suzy for three years and I miss her very much. A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．won’t see D．haven’t seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我已经三年没见到苏茜阿姨了，我非常想念她。 考查时态。根据“for three years”可知，空处所在句的时态为现在完成时has/have done。故选D。 27．The 33rd Olympic Games __________ in Paris in July, 2024. A．is held B．are held C．will be taken place D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：第33届奥运会将于2024年7月在巴黎举行。 考查动词时态。take place举行，一般不用于被动语态；hold举行。分析句子可知，主语“The 33rd Olympic Games”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语“in July, 2024”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”。故选D。 28．A meeting ________ by us tomorrow. A．will held B．is going to be held C．will hold D．is going to hold 【答案】B 【详解】句意：明天我们要开一个会。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“A meeting”与动词hold“召开，举行”是被动关系，应用被动语态；且根据“tomorrow”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，因此这里应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will/be going to be done；句子主语“A meeting”为第三人称单数，be动词用is；动词hold的过去分词为held，即为will be held或is going to be held。故选B。 29．If both drivers and pedestrians (行人) are careful enough, many accidents can ________. A．protect B．be protected C．prevent D．be prevented 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果司机和行人都足够小心，许多事故是可以避免的。 考查动词辨析及语态。protect保护；prevent阻止。根据“many accidents”可知事故要被阻止，此处用含情态动词的被动语态can be prevented。故选D。 30．Several traffic accidents have happened recently. If drivers are careful enough, most accidents ________. A．can prevent B．can be prevented C．need prevent D．will prevent 【答案】B 【详解】 【详解】句意：最近发生了几起交通事故，如果司机们都很小心的话，大多数事故是可以阻止的。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。accidents是prevent这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而含有情态动词的被动语态形式是“情态动词+be+实意动词的过去分词”，故选B。 31．It can’t be Mrs Li. As a volunteer, she ________ Shanghai since April. A．has been in B．has gone to C．has been to D．has come to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不可能是李太太。作为一名志愿者，她四月起就一直在上海。 考查动词短语。has been in待在某地，延续性动词；has gone to去了某地（还未回来），短暂性动词；has been to去过某地（已回来），短暂性动词；has come to已来了，短暂性动词。根据“since April.”可知，表示动作从过去某个时间一直延续到现在，动词要用延续性动词，故选A。 32．—Sandy, how long have you had the iphone 14 pro? —________ a couple of days ago. I ________ it last week. A．For; bought B．For; have bought C．Since; bought D．Since; have bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Sandy，你用iphone 14 pro多久了？——从几天前开始。我上周买的。 考查介词辨析和一般过去时。“for+一段时间”表示“持续了多久”；“since+一段时间+ago”表示“从多久前开始”。根据第一空后的“a couple of days ago”可知， 第一空应选Since；根据“last week”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，所以第二空应选bought。故选C。 33．—The life we were used to _________ greatly since 1992. —That’s true. It is changing for the better at all times. A．has changed B．changing C．change D．is changed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——自从1992年起，我们习惯的生活发生了很大的变化。——是的。一直在变好。 考查动词的时态。根据“since 1992”可知此句应用现在完成时“主语+have/has+动词的过去分词”。故选A。 34．—Come on, Linda, the film The First Slam Dunk (《灌篮高手》) ________ for five minutes. —OK, I’m coming. A．was B．begun C．has begun D．has been on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——快点，Linda，电影《灌篮高手》已经开始五分钟了。 ——好的，我来了。 考查时态。根据“for five minutes”可知，时态应用现在完成时，谓语动词为延续性动词；begin“开始”，动词，其延续性结构为be on，故选D。 35．Dad isn’t at home. He ________ since last month. A．left B．has left C．has been away D．went away 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爸爸不在家。他从上个月起就离开了。 考查时态及延续性动词。根据“since last month”可知，时态为现在完成时，此处应用延续性动词；leave“离开”，为非延续动词，其延续性结构为be away。故选C。 36．—Why are you in such a hurry, Tony? —The parade ________ for five minutes. I don’t want to miss too much. A．started B．has started C．has been on D．was on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——托尼，你为什么这么着急？——游行已经开始五分钟了。我不想错过太多。 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据“for five minutes”可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，并且动词使用延续性动词；start为短暂性动词，其延续性动词为be on。故选C。 37．—Excuse me, where are Mr and Mrs Li? —They ________ Hangzhou for half a year. They moved there in January. A．have gone to B．have been to C．have arrived in D．have been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——请问，李夫妇在哪里？——他们已经在杭州待了半年了。他们一月份搬到了那里。 考查延续性动词和非延续性动词的辨析。have gone to去了某地还未回来；have been to去了某地已经回来；has arrived in到达某地；have been in从过去一直持续到现在，一直在某个地方。根据“for half a year”可知，要用延续性动词，AC两项是延续性动词；结合“They moved there in January.”可知现在还在杭州，用have been in。故选D。 38．—Mum, may I watch TV for a while? —As soon as your homework ________, you can. A．finishes B．is finished C．will finish D．will be finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以看一会电视吗？——你一做完作业就可以了。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。finishes完成，动词三单形式；is finished被完成，被动语态；will finish将会完成；will be finished将被完成。根据“As soon as all your homework…”可知homework是finish的承受者，使用被动语态，且homework是不可数名词；as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。故选B。 39．―I’m terribly sorry for being late. ―No worries. The film ________ for just a few minutes. A．has begun B．has finished C．has been on D．has been over 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——非常抱歉我迟到了。——不用担心，电影才开始几分钟。 考查延续性动词。has begun已经开始，非延续性动词；has finished已经结束，非延续性动词；has been on已经开始，延续性动词；has been over已经结束，延续性动词。根据空后“for only 5 minutes”可知，句子是现在完成时，与时间段连用，动词应是延续性动词，故排除A、B项；根据“No worries. The film ... for just a few minutes.”可知，别担心，电影才开始几分钟，故选C。 40．The elephants ________ to the zoo tomorrow afternoon. A．is sent B．will send C．may be sent D．is going to send 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大象明天下午可能会被送到动物园。 考查谓语动词。send是动词，意为“发送”，主语是The elephants，与位于动词send之前是被动关系，被动语态的结构是：be+动词的过去分词。故排除B和D；由时间状语“ tomorrow afternoon”可知，A项is sent是一般现在时的被动语态不符合题意，故排除A。C项may be sent构成了含有情态动词的被动语态；表示“大象可能会被送到动物园”。故选C。 二、现完三根据汉语提示完成句子。（共25分） 41．I have (借) the dictionary for half a month. It’s time to give it back. 【答案】kept 【详解】句意：这本书我已经借了半个月了。是时候归还了。borrow“借”，是非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用，而句中有“for half a month”，此处可以用keep代替。此处是现在完成时，助动词have后接过去分词，故填kept。 42．They have (生产) a plastic box like you can see on the design paper. 【答案】produced 【详解】句意：他们生产了一个塑料盒，就像你在设计图纸上看到的那样。“生产”的英文表达是produce，动词，空前的have是现在完成时的助动词，其后接动词过去分词，所以空格处应填produce的过去分词produced。故填produced。 43．Many children are (允许) to have their own bank cards these days. 【答案】allowed 【详解】句意：现在许多孩子都被允许拥有自己的银行卡。allow“允许”，动词；由空前的“are”可推知，本句要用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be done，故此处要用allow的过去分词allowed；be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”。故填allowed。 44．—Have you the books to the library? —Of course. (归还) 【答案】returned 【详解】句意：——你把书归还给图书馆了吗？——当然了。根据汉语提示可知此处应用动词“return”，根据“Have…”可知句子为现在完成时，动词需变为过去分词“returned”。故填returned。 45．The meeting has been (结束) for nearly half an hour. 【答案】over 【详解】句意：这个会议已经结束大约半小时了。根据“for nearly half an hour”可知，空处用延续性动词；be over“结束”，延续性结构，与一段时间连用，故填over。 46．This city was badly (污染) last year. 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：去年这座城市被严重污染了。“污染”pollute，与主语“This city”之间是动宾关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，此处用过去分词polluted。故填polluted。 47．By working together, we have （达成） great things. 【答案】achieved 【详解】句意：通过共同努力，我们取得了伟大的成就。达成：achieve，此处用过去分词和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填achieved。 48．He lost the bike and was (惩罚) by his parents. 【答案】punished 【详解】句意：他丢了自行车，被父母惩罚。根据“by his parents”可知此处表示被动，用“be+过去分词”，punish表示“惩罚”，过去分词为punished。故填punished。 49．It might be several months before she’s fully (治愈). 【答案】cured 【详解】句意：她可能要几个月才能完全痊愈。治愈cure。根据“she’s”可知她是被治愈，用一般现在时的被动语态，此处填cure的过去分词cured。故填cured。 50．A charity show was by the Students’ Union last week. (举行) 【答案】held 【详解】句意：上周，学生会举办了一场慈善演出。举行：hold，根据“was...by”可知，此处应用被动语态“be done”，空前已有was，空处应填入hold的过去分词held。故填held。 51．You are to study hard and get good results. (期待) 【答案】expected 【详解】句意：希望你努力学习，取得好成绩。根据所给汉语提示可知，expect“期待”，由于空前有“are”，此处考查被动语态，be+过去分词形式，故填expected。 52．A new school will (创办) in my hometown next year. 【答案】be set up 【详解】句意：明年在我们家乡将会创办一所新学校。set up“建立，创建”，且根据主语“A new school”以及“will”可知，用一般将来时的被动语态，will后接动词原形，故填be set up。 53．Mr Li has (解释) the Maths problem to us several times, but most of us still can’t understand it. 【答案】explained 【详解】句意：李老师已经给我们解释了好几遍数学题，但我们大多数人还是听不懂。explain“解释”，动词。此处是现在完成时，结构是has done，故explain用其过去分词形式。故填explained。 54．The twins were (分开) in the war. They finally got together 40 years later. 【答案】separated 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎在战争中被分开了，40年之后他们才最终团聚。根据单词的意思和在句中的作用可知，这里考查separate，是一个动词。由句意可知，主语“The twins”与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，该空应用过去分词形式。故填separated。 55．All the British publishing houses (拒绝) to publish Harry Potter series then. 【答案】refused 【详解】句意：当时所有的英国出版社都拒绝出版《哈利·波特》系列小说。refuse“拒绝”，动词；根据“then”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填refused。 56．He (冒险) his own life to help this old man out of danger last Sunday. 【答案】risked 【详解】句意：上星期天，他冒着生命危险帮助这位老人脱离危险。“冒险”risk，动词，由last Sunday可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式，故填risked。 57．Michael Jackson (去世) at the age of 50. 【答案】died 【详解】句意：Michael Jackson50岁时去世了。根据“at the age of 50”可知，时态是一般过去时，die“去世”的过去式died，故填died。 58．If we do not act to improve the environment, the clean water . （将用完） 【答案】will run out/will be used up 【详解】句意：如果我们不采取行动改善环境，干净的水就会耗尽。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，短语run out“用光，用完”，不及物，用主动语态will do；use up“用完”，及物，主语是the clean water，用被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式，use的过去分词是used，故填will run out/will be used up。 59．Children must be (警告) to stay away from main roads. 【答案】warned 【详解】句意：必须警告儿童远离主要道路。警告：warn，动词；由“Children must be…to stay away from main roads”可知，此处应用情态动词的被动语态，指孩子们被警告，其结构为：情态动词+be+done。故填warned。 60．He (收到) no support from her parents, which made him sad. 【答案】received 【详解】句意：他没有得到她父母的支持，这使他很伤心。根据中文提示，可知单词为：receive v.收到。根据从句中made一词，可知应该用一般过去式，故填received。 61．Hurry up, the articles must be (打印) out before class. 【答案】printed 【详解】句意：快点，文章必须在上课前打印出来。print“打印”，主语the articles与print是动宾关系，空处用过去分词printed与must be构成含有情态动词的被动语态。故填printed。 62．We are not to cut down trees. (允许) 【答案】allowed 【详解】句意：我们不允许砍伐树木。允许：allow；结合“We are not ... to cut down trees.”可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，所以空格处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填allowed。 63．It is amazing that these rocks were (形成) more than 4000 million years ago. 【答案】formed 【详解】句意：令人惊奇的是，这些岩石形成于40多亿年前。根据汉语“形成”提示，可知是动词form。根据“were”和时间状语“more than 4000 million years ago”可知是一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/were done，要填过去分词。故填formed。 64．The couple have been （分开）from each other for over one month because of the pandemic. 【答案】seperated 【详解】句意：由于疫情，这对夫妇已经分居一个多月了。separate“分开”；根据“The couple have been …from each other”可知，be separated from“与……分离”，句子时态为现在完成时的被动语态。故填separated。 65．The air has been (污染) seriously. It has haze every day. 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：空气被严重地污染。每天都有雾霾。根据中文提示，pollute表示“污染”，此处是现在完成时的被动语态has been done的结构，故此空应填过去分词，故填polluted。 三、现完二用所给词的适当形式填空（共32分） 66．Tom and Linda (marry) for ten years, but they never argue with each other. 【答案】have been married 【详解】句意：汤姆和琳达已经结婚十年了，但他们从不争吵。根据“for ten years”可知，“for+一段时间”常与现在完成时连用，其结构是：have/has+动词过去分词；分析题干和提示词可知，此处表示“已婚”的状态，应用短语be married，be的过去分词是been，主语“Tom and Linda”表示复数，所以助动词应用have。故填have been married。 67．Great changes (take) place in Huai’an in the past two years. 【答案】have taken 【详解】句意：在过去的两年里，淮安发生了巨大的变化。根据“in the past two years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时；主语为“Great changes”，所以此处应填have taken。故填have taken。 68．Linda has not (realize) the importance of doing exercise. 【答案】realized 【详解】句意：琳达还没有意识到锻炼的重要性。根据“has”可知，此处是现在完成时，故空处应该填realize的过去分词realized。故填realized。 69．The government (try) to stop people from littering recently. 【答案】has tried 【详解】句意：政府最近试图阻止人们乱扔垃圾。根据“recently”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done；主语“The government”为第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词try的过去分词为tried。故填has tried。 70．Our school a speech on how to recycle waste the other day. (hold) 【答案】held 【详解】句意：我们学校前几天举行了一个关于如何回收废物的演讲。根据“the other day”可知，此处是一般过去时，故谓语动词应该用其过去式，hold的过去式是held。故填held。 71．I (communication) with Jack my pen friend by email the other day. 【答案】communicated 【详解】句意：前几天我和我的笔友杰克通过电子邮件交流。根据“the other day”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，communication“交流”，名词，动词形式为communicate，communicate with sb“和某人交流”，过去式为communicated。故填communicated。 72．The environmental situation they were used to (improve) a lot last year. 【答案】improved 【详解】句意：去年，他们习惯的环境状况改善了很多。improve改善，动词。根据last year可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式improved。故填improved。 73．The boy (miss) his family very much so he often read the letters from them. 【答案】missed 【详解】句意：那个男孩非常想念他的家人所以他经常读来自他们的信。根据从句谓语动词“read”可知，从句使用一般过去时，所以主句也用一般过去时，一般过去时中动词使用过去式。故填missed。 74．Gulliver pulled one hand free and to break the ropes. (manage) 【答案】managed 【详解】句意：格列佛把一只手解开来，成功弄断了绳子。根据“pulled”可知，and连接两个并列谓语，句子采用一般过去时，因此应用动词的过去式。故填managed。 75．The prices of houses (rise) a lot last year. People hope they can drop a little soon. 【答案】rose 【详解】句意：去年房价上涨了很多。人们希望它们能尽快下降一点。根据“last year”可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式rose，意为“上升”。故填rose。 76．—Have you taken the medicine yet? —Yes. I (take) it this morning. 【答案】took 【详解】句意：——你吃药了吗？——吃了。我今天早上吃的。take“吃，服用”，是动词，根据“this morning”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填took。 77．—Welcome to our company! Have you been used to the life in Nanjing? —Thank you. Life is quite different. You know I (be) abroad in the USA for five years. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：——欢迎光临我们公司！你习惯南京的生活了吗？——非常感谢。生活大不相同。你知道我在美国生活了五年。根据“Welcome to our company! Have you been used to the life in Nanjing?”以及“You know I…abroad in the USA for five years.”可知，此处指对方之前在美国生活了五年，现在在南京生活；此处表示持续到过去某一时间点的动作，但是并没有持续到现在，应用一般过去时，I作主语，be动词应用was。故填was。 78．When I asked him for help, he just (shake) his head and left quickly. 【答案】shook 【详解】句意：当我向他求助时，他只是摇了摇头，迅速离开了。根据“asked”以及“and left quickly”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。shake的过去式为shook。故填shook。 79．—Can I use the computer to search for information now? —Of course, we (repair) it. Help yourself! 【答案】have repaired 【详解】句意：——我现在可以用电脑搜索信息吗？——当然，我们已经修好了。请自便！根据答语“Of course...Help yourself！”可知这里说的是已经修好了电脑，所以时态应该用现在完成时，基本构成：have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是we，复数形式，所以助动词用have，故填have repaired。 80．Have you ever (write) to your parents to ask for help? 【答案】written 【详解】句意：你曾经写信给你的父母求助了吗？根据助动词“have”可知句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故填written。 81．He to London. He will be back in two weeks. (go) 【答案】has gone 【详解】句意：他去伦敦了。 他将在两周后回来。根据“He will be back in two weeks”可知，去了伦敦还未回来，用have/has gone to表示“去了某地”，主语he是第三人称单数形式，助动词用has，故填has gone。 82．I have the book for two days. (keep) 【答案】kept 【详解】句意：这本书我已经借了两天了。根据空前的have及空后的for two days可知，句子是现在完成时，空处动词用过去分词形式kept。故填kept。 83．25 years (pass) since Hong Kong returned to China. 【答案】has passed 【详解】句意：距离香港回归中国已经过去25年了。根据下文“since Hong Kong returned to China”可知，句子应用现在完成时，即“have +过去分词”结构。表时间长度、钱数、速度等的词组作主语时，此时通常将其视为整体，谓语用单数，主语为“25 years”，故have应用第三人称单数形式has，故填has passed。 84．Xiaomi (expect) to sell a large number of SU7 cars in the coming months by Lei Jun this year. 【答案】is/was expected 【详解】句意：雷军今年预计，小米将在未来几个月销售大量SU7汽车。主语与动词expect是被动关系，时态可以是一般现在时也可以是一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词用is/was，is/was expected符合句意，故填is/was expected。 85．Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish). 【答案】be punished 【详解】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“you”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。 86．The charity (set) up to help people with eye problems last month. 【答案】was set 【详解】句意：这个慈善机构是上个月成立的，目的是帮助有眼疾的人。set up“设立”，动词短语；根据语境“机构是被设立”，应用被动语态；再根据“last month”可知时态为一般过去时，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done；主语“The charity”为单数，应用was，set的过去分词为set。故填was set。 87．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 【答案】were offered 【详解】句意：——你对昨天社区的活动有什么看法？——很棒，提供了很多有用的自我保护技巧。根据主语“a lot of useful tips on self-protection”与提示词可知，主语是动词的承受者，因此应用被动语态，根据“yesterday’s activity”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，构成为was/ were done，主语为tips为复数形式，因此用were offered“被提供”，故填were offered。 88．The sports meeting (hold) in our school next week. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：运动会将于下周在我校举行。主语“The sports meeting”与谓语动词“hold”之间为动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，根据时间状语“next week”可知，时态为一般将来时，谓语动词结构为will be+过去分词，hold的过去分词形式为held。故填will be held。 89．When you enter the museum, you (take) round it by a guide. Please keep quiet. 【答案】will be taken 【详解】句意：当你进入博物馆时，你将由导游带着参观。请保持安静。根据题干可知，主语you是动作的承受者；by a guide被导游（带着参观），由此可推知，应用被动语态be+及物动词的过去分词，即be taken。同时根据题意可知，“当你进入博物馆的时候，由导游带领参观，要保持安静”是将来的动作，when引导的时间状语从句，动作在将来要遵循主将从现的原则，所以take要用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be taken。 90．Speed reading courses (support) by real science at present. 【答案】are supported 【详解】句意：目前，快速阅读课程是有真实科学支撑的。support“支持”，动词原型，根据“Speed reading courses...(support) by real science at present.”可知，快速阅读课程是support的承受者，这里要用动词的被动语态，再加上speed reading courses是复数和at present可知时态为一般现在时，所以要用are done，support的过去分词是supported。故填are supported。 91．Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us. 【答案】is shown 【详解】句意：对不起，在出示身份证之前，您不能进去。until引导的条件状语从句中的主语your ID card与谓语show之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，此处是一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is shown。 92．A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：本周五晚上将在学校礼堂举行慈善演出。根据“this Friday evening”可知，时态为一般将来时，又因“A charity show”与“hold”之间为被动关系，谓语用一般将来时的被动语态，主语A charity show为第三人称单数，即“will be+过去分词”的结构，held为hold的过去分词。故填will be held。 93．If someone is caught littering in public places, he or she can (fine) for it. 【答案】be fined 【详解】句意：如果有人被抓到在公共场所乱扔垃圾，他或她可能会因此被罚款。主语“he or she”和动词“fine”是动宾关系，可知句子是含情态动词的被动语态。故填be fined。 94．More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 【答案】will be cut 【详解】句意：如果未来需要更多的纸，那么更多的树就会被砍伐。主语“More trees”与动词cut之间是动宾关系，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，cut的过去分词cut。故填will be cut。 95．After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022. 【答案】checked 【详解】句意：在检查了所有细节后，神舟十四号载人飞船于2022年6月5日发射升空。主语every detail与动词check之间是被动关系，此空应填过去分词与was构成一般过去时被动语态，故填checked。 96．We will be (punish) if we take no action to protect the environment. 【答案】punished 【详解】句意：如果我们不采取措施保护环境，我们会受到惩罚的。主语“We”与动词“punish”是被动关系，因此应用被动语态“be done”，动词“punish”需变为过去分词“punished”。故填punished。 97．The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 【答案】filled 【详解】句意：这个房间充满了花香。主语“The room”和动词“fill”是被动关系，因此需用被动语态“be done”，动词需变为过去分词“filled”，“be filled with”表示“充满……”。故填filled。 98．The famous writer (write) one new book in the past two years. 【答案】has written 【详解】句意：这位著名作家在过去两年里写了一本新书。根据“in the past two years”可知，本句时态是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“The famous writer”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，write的过去分词是written，故填has written。 99．I (see) this movie three times. 【答案】have seen 【详解】句意：这部电影我已经看了三次了。根据“I...this movie three times.”及提示词可知，空处指我已经看过三次了，时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，主语为I，助动词用have，动词see的过去分词为seen。故填have seen。 100．I had already (lie) down when he came in. 【答案】lain 【详解】句意：他进来时，我已经躺下了。lie“躺”，根据already可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，lie的过去分词为lain。故填lain。 试卷第20页，共22页 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期末冲刺02核心语法精讲练（一） 现在完成时与被动语态 考点精讲 现在完成时基本结构： 基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 四种基本句型 ： ①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语. ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词）+宾语. ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语. ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他） 现在完成时用法 最简单的理解 ：过去+现在，合二为一才是现完。 1. 现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。 可以理解为： I have already posted the photo. 我已经把照片寄走了。强调post对现在的影响＂照片不在这里＂。 2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作 (用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)，常与for(+时间段)， since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 如：He has lived here since 1978. 自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。) 现在完成时与一般过去时区别 1. 侧重点不同 现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但它们所强调的重点不同：现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响；而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间，即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果，而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。如： I saw the film three days ago. 三天前我看了这部电影。（强调是三天前，而不是别的什么时候看的电影） Mr Green has bought a new computer. 格林先生买了一台新电脑。（着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑） 2. 时间状语不同 现在完成时常与already，yet，just，ever，never，before等副词以及＂for+段时间＂，＂since+过去时间/从句＂等时间状语连用；而一般过去时则常与＂时间段+ago＂，just now，yesterday，last week等表示过去的时间状语连用。如： She has lived here since two years ago. 她两年前就住在这里了。 She lived here two years ago. 两年前她住在这里。 易错考点 注意：for和since的用法。 ①for + 时间段 译为：……时间 ②since + 过去一个时间点(译为：自从……以来) ③since + 时间段 + ago ④since + 从句(过去时) ⑤It is + 时间段 + since + 从句(过去时) 注意：瞬间动词(buy, die, join, lose...)与for 或since引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延续性动词。变化如下：　　 come/arrive/reach/get to→be in 　　 go out→be out 　　 finish→be over 　　 open→be open 　　 die→be dead 　　 buy→have 　　 Fall ill→be ill 　　 Come back→be back 　 Put on→be on/wear 　　 Worry→be worried 　　 Catch a cold→have a cold 被动语态的句型 句型 构成 例句 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词( + by... ) All the students will be separated into four groups to do a survey next Sunday. 否定句 主语 + be + not + 过去分词( + by…) English isn’ t spoken by people here. 这里的人不说英语。 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 过去分词(+ by...)? —Was Tom asked to come early? 汤姆被要求早点来吗?—Yes, he was. 是的，他被要求了。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词(+by...)? Why was this bridge destroyed by the government? 政府为什么要拆毁这座桥? 被动语态的各种时态形式 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + 其他 History is made by the people. 历史是人们创造的。 一般过去时 主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + 其他 The letter was written in English. 这封信是用英语写的。 一般将来时 主语 + will be + 过去分词 + 其他 Your job will be kept open for your return. 你的工作将保留到你回来。 现在进行时 主语+ am/is/am + being + 过去分词 +其他 Because my car is being repaired, I have to go to work by taxi. 因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。 过去进行时 主语+ was/were + being + 过去分词+ 其他 The road was being widened when I passed by the village. 当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。 现在完成时 主语 +have/has been + 过去分词 + 其他 He has been sent to work in Shanghai. 他已经被派往上海工作了。 过去完成时 主语 + had been + 过去分词 + 其他 The room had been broken into before we came. 我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。 情态动词 主语 + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 + 其他 Her temperature should be taken twice a day. 她的体温应该一天量两次。 被动语态的用法 用法 例句 不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者 How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音？ 强调动作的承受者 School will be opened in our village. 我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。 当动作的执行者是泛指时 He is suspected of robbing the bank. 有人怀疑他抢劫银行。 表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者 I have been told many times not to make noises. 有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。 句法修饰的需要 The lecture will be made by Joe, who is a young musician from Italy. 乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态 He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。 试卷第20页，共22页 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$