01 现在完成时-备考2024-2025学年春期八年级下册英语期末高分突破 人教版（2012）

02 现在完成时 解析版 知识清单 1.现在完成时的概念： 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果；也可表示某一动作过去已经开始，持续到现在，往往和表示一段时间的状语连用。 2. 现在完成时的句式： 肯定句：主语＋have/has ＋过去分词＋其他. 否定句：主语＋ haven’t/hasn’t ＋过去分词＋其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has ＋主语＋过去分词＋其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语＋have/ha. 否定回答：No, 主语＋haven’t/hasn’t . 3. 现在完成时的用法及标志 （1）表示过去某一时刻开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。适用于延续性动词，标志性时间状语为since+点时间，for+段时间。如： I have learned French since 1995.从1995年起我就学法语了。 （2）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。适用于短暂性动词，时间状语already常用于肯定句 ，yet用于疑问句和否定句。如： We’ve already had breakfast at the hotel.我们已经在酒店吃过早餐了。 Have they studied art yet? 他们学过美术了吗？ No, you can’t go. I haven’t got it done yet.不，你不能走。我还没做完。 4. 过去分词的构成 1. 直接加-ed。如: play—played 2. 以字母e结尾的直接加-d。如: name—named 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如: carry—carried 4. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如: stop—stopped 根据上面的练习，归纳have been to/have gone to/have been in区别。 三者都表示“去过某地”，但用法不同。 ①“have（has）gone to+地点”意为“到某地去了”表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场。 ②“have（has）been to+地点”表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了，现在已经回来了，或可能在回来的路上。可与just、ever、never等连用，也可以接once、twice、three times等，表示“去过某地几次”。 常见用法：have never been（to）从未去过某地；have ever been（to）曾经去过某地 ③“have（has）been in+地点”表示“在某地待多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如since、for、how long等。 how long、since、for特点。 典型例句： ①A: How long have you lived here? 你们在这里住了多长时间了？ B: Since2005. 自2005年以来。 ②A: How long has he been a soldier? 他参军多长时间了？ B: For three years. 三年了。 ◎归纳：询问“多长时间”的疑问词用 how long，意为“多长”，是对一段时间或物体的长度进行提问。在现在完成时中，常对“since…”或“for…”进行提问。（注意谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如遇到非延续性动词，则要换成对应的延续性动词） since、for在现在完成时态中的用法。典型例句 ①My uncle has worked here for ten years. ②My uncle has worked here since ten years ago. ③My uncle has worked here since 2006. ④My uncle has worked here since he came here. ⑤My uncle has been in this company for one month. ◎归纳：在现在完成时态中： （l）for表示时间的持续，后接一段时间，指某个动作或情况到现在为止持续了多久。 （2）since意为自从 ，作为连词，引导一个时间状语从句。指某个动作或情况从过去某一时间一直持续到现在。它有三种用法： ①since+时间段+ago； ②since+时间点； ③since+从句，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时 （3）for和since二者在句中可以转换。 for+一段时间=since+过去的时间点. 常用的短暂性动词及与之对应的延续性动词之间的转换： borrow→keep finish→be over buy→ have marry/get marry→be married leave→be away（from） close→be closed join→be in/be a member of open→be open begin/start→be on fall ill/asleep→be ill/asleep leave→be away from return→be back 现在完成时的肯定句常与副词already、just 连用；疑问句和否定句常与 ever、yet、never连用；yet常置于句末；already、never、ever、just一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。 ever和never的用法。 （1）ever是副词，意为“曾经”，表示曾经做过某事，用于完成时的肯定句和疑问句 中，置于过去分词前，have或has之后。如： Have you ever experienced failure? 你曾经经历过失败吗？ That’s the best movie I’ve ever seen! 那是我看过的最棒的电影！ （2）never是副词，意为“从来不；一点也不”，表示从未做过某事，用于完成时的否定句，置于过去分词前，have或has之后。如： I have never been there.我从未到过那里。 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 时态 现在完成时 一般过去时 含义 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去的动作或状态持续到现在，强调的是现在的情况 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。 时间状语 ever、never、just、already、yet、since、in the past/last few years、recently、so far等 yesterday、last year、in 1990、just now 等表示过去的时间状语 have been to与have gone to的区别 （1） have (has) been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了，可与just, ever, never等连用。have (has) been to后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。 （2）have (has) gone to意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。 小试牛刀 基础训练 一、选词填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．— you (watch) the game yet? —Yes, I (watch) it yesterday. 2．— he (return) the book to you? —Yes, he has. 3．— you (decide) which one to buy? —No, I haven’t. 【答案】1． Have watched watched 2． Has returned 3． Have decided 【分析】1．句意：——你看比赛了吗？——看了，我昨天看的。根据“yet”可知，第一句用现在完成时，主语是you，助动词用have，疑问句把助动词放在主语前，第二句为一般过去时，watch的过去式和过去分词为“watched”。故填Have；watched；watched。 2．句意：——他把书还给你了吗？——是的，还了。根据回答“Yes, he has.”可知，句子应用现在完成时，疑问句把助动词has提到主语前，故填Has；returned。 3．句意：——你决定买哪一个了吗？——不，还没有。根据回答“No, I haven’t.”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语是you，助动词用have，疑问句把助动词放在主语前，故填Have；decided。 用have been to/have gone to/have been in填空。 1．His uncle Europe twice. 2．The girl isn’t at home. She school. 3．My brother Beijing for two years. 4．—How long have you been in Beijing? —I Beijing for six years. 5．—Where is Tom? —He the bookshop. 6．Mr. Brown Shanghai for three days. 7．Mary never the Great Wall. 8．—Where is Jim? —He England. 【答案】1．has been to 2．has gone to 3．has been in 4．have been in 5．has gone to 6．has been in 7． has been to 8．has gone to 【分析】1．句意：他的叔叔去过欧洲两次。结合“twice”可知，此处指的是have been to“去过”，主语是单数名词，助动词用has，故填has been to。 2．句意：那女孩不在家。她去上学了。根据“The girl isn’t at home.”可知，此处指的是have gone to“去了”，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has gone to。 3．句意：我哥哥在北京已经两年了。根据“Beijing for two years”可知，此处指的是“在北京待了两年了”，用have been in的结构，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has been in。 4．句意：——你在北京多久了？——我在北京已经六年了。根据“Beijing for six years”可知，此处指的是“在北京待了六年了”，用have been in的结构，主语是I，助动词用have，故填have been in。 5．句意：——汤姆在哪里？——他去书店了。根据“Where is Tom?”可知，人不在这里，应用have gone to的结构，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has gone to。 6．句意：布朗先生在上海已经三天了。根据“Shanghai for three days”可知，此处指的是“在上海待了三天了”，用have been in的结构，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has been in。 7．句意：玛丽从未去过长城。根据“never”以及“the Great Wall”可知，此处指的是“从未去过”，用have been to的结构，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has；been to。 8．句意：——吉姆在哪里？——他去了英国。根据“Where is Jim?”可知，人不在这里，应用have gone to的结构，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has gone to。 用since或for填空 1．He has lived in Nanjing the year before last. 2．I’ve known him we were children. 3．Our teacher has studied Japanese three years. 4．She has been away from the city about ten years. 5．It’s about ten years she left the city. 【答案】1．since 2．since 3．for 4．for 5．since 【解析】1．句意：他从前年起就住在南京。根据空后的“the year before last”表示时间点可知，此处应用介词since。故填since。 2．句意：我从小就认识他。分析句子结构并结合备选词汇可知，空处所在句为时间状语从句，从句时态为一般过去时，主句时态为现在完成时，应用连词since。故填since。 3．句意：我们的老师学日语已经三年了。根据空后的“three years”表示一段时间可知，此处应用介词for。故填for。 4．句意：她已经离开这个城市大约十年了。根据空后的“about ten years”表示一段时间可知，此处应用介词for。故填for。 5．句意：她离开这个城市大约十年了。分析句子结构可知，此句为“it is/has been +一段时间+since引导的从句”句式。故填since。 二、单词拼写 3．Have you ever (写) a letter to your parents? 【答案】written 【详解】句意：你曾给父母写过信吗？根据汉语提示可知，write意为“写”，动词；根据“Have you ever...”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，其结构为has/have+done，write的过去分词为written。故填written。 2．—Have you got presents ready for Mom’s birthday? —Oh no, I have (forget) all about it. 【答案】forgotten 【详解】句意：—— 你为妈妈的生日准备好礼物了吗？—— 哦，不，我完全忘了这件事。根据“I have…all about it.”可知，时态为现在完成时，因此此处应用forget的过去分词forgotten。故填forgotten。 3．Daniel has already (发现) the differences between the two spaceships. 【答案】discovered 【详解】句意：丹尼尔已经发现了两艘宇宙飞船之间的差异。根据“has already”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。“发现”对应的英文单词是“discover”，其过去分词形式是“discovered”，故填discovered。 4．It is said that the local government has (改善) the air quality over the years. 【答案】improved 【详解】句意：据说当地政府这些年已经改善了空气质量。根据“has”以及“over the years”结合汉语提示可知，此处应用现在完成时，因此此处应用过去分词形式，improve“改善”，其过去分词形式为improved。故填improved。 5．The teacher has (赢得) the hearts of students in her class. 【答案】won 【详解】句意：这个老师已经赢得了全班学生的心。根据“has”可知，此句为现在完成时，空缺处填过去分词；根据汉语提示和“...the hearts of students”可知，win“赢得”，过去分词为won，符合语境。故填won。 6．Mum, I (grow) up. Please don’t treat me like a kid any more. 【答案】 have grown 【详解】句意：妈妈，我已经长大了。请别再把我当小孩对待了。根据“Please don’t treat me like a kid any more.”可知，此处强调到现在为止“已经长大”的结果，要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词” 。主语I是第一人称，用have，grow的过去分词是grown，故填have；grown。 7．We haven’t r his letter for a long time. 【答案】(r)eceived 【详解】句意：我们很长时间没有收到他的信了。根据“his letter”和首字母可知，此处指“收到”，应用receive；根据“haven’t”可知，此处用其过去分词构成现在完成时。故填(r)eceived。 8．Have you ever (ride) the most exciting roller coaster in America? 【答案】ridden 【详解】句意：你曾坐过美国最刺激的过山车吗？根据“Have you ever”可知，此处用过去分词ridden和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填ridden。 9．My car has already (break) down. 【答案】broken 【详解】句意：我的车已经坏了。此空前有助动词“has”，动词“break”需变为过去分词“broken”，构成现在完成时。故填broken。 10．My mother (clean) the windows already, so the room looks much brighter. 【答案】has cleaned 【详解】句意：我妈妈已经擦过窗户了，所以房间看起来明亮多了。根据“already”和“the room looks much brighter”可知，动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，因此使用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。主语为第三人称单数的My mother，助动词用has；clean“清理”，动词，过去分词为cleaned。故填has cleaned。 11．With the help of the teacher, she’s (提高) his English a lot over the months. 【答案】improved 【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下，她的英语在几个月里提高了很多。improve“提高”，根据“over the months”可知，本句是现在完成时，she’s是she has的缩写，空处应填动词的过去分词。故填improved。 12．Have you ever (be) to Beijing? 【答案】been 【详解】句意：你去过北京吗？根据“Have you ever”可知句子为现在完成时，空处应用be的过去分词been。故填been。 13．The population has (增加) from 1 million to 1.3 million already. 【答案】increased 【详解】句意：人口已经从100万增加到130万。increase“增加”，动词；根据“has”和“already”可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，increase的过去分词为increased。故填increased。 14．Alice has her diary somewhere so that her sister can’t find it. (hide) 【答案】hidden 【详解】句意：Alice把她的日记藏在了某个地方，这样她的妹妹就找不到了。hide“藏”，动词原形，根据has可知，句子为现在完成时态，结构为has+done，hide的过去分词为hidden。故填hidden。 15．—Have you ever to a museum before? —Yes, I went there last year. 【答案】been 【详解】句意：——你之前去过博物馆吗？——是的，我去年去过那里。根据“I went there last year.”可知，说明动作发生在过去，表示“曾经过去博物馆，而且已经回来了”。have been to表示“曾经去过，现已返回”。故填been。 16．He isn’t here right now. He (go) the park. 【答案】has gone to 【详解】句意：他现在不在这里。他去了公园。根据“He isn’t here right now.”可知此处表示“去了”，应用“have/has gone to”，主语是“He”，助动词应用“has”。故填has gone to。 17．Jack (be) to Qingdao with his parents twice. 【答案】has been 【详解】句意：杰克和他的父母去过青岛两次。根据“twice”可知去过两次，已经回来了，用have been to，主语Jack后接助动词has。故填has been。 18．—Where is Mary? —She (go) to the library. 【答案】has gone 【详解】句意：——玛丽在哪儿？——她去图书馆了。根据“Where is Mary?”可知，此处说明玛丽去了图书馆，人没回来，用have/has gone to；主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has gone。 19．John is my best friend. I (know) him for twenty years. 【答案】have known 【详解】句意：约翰是我最好的朋友。我认识他二十年了。根据“for twenty years”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，I作主语，助动词用have，know的过去分词为known。故填have known。 20．Her health (improve) a lot since the operation. 【答案】has improved 【详解】句意：自从手术以来，她的健康状况已经改善了很多。根据“since the operation”可知，主句时态为现在完成时，主语是“Her health”，用现在完成时的结构“has＋过去分词”，动词“improve”的过去分词是“improved”。故填has improved。 21．You (keep) me waiting for two hours. I (wait) for you since five o’clock. 【答案】 have kept have waited 【详解】句意：你让我等了两个小时。我从五点开始就一直在等你。根据“for two hours”和“since five o’clock.”可知，两句都是现在完成时，第一句主语是you，助动词用have；第二句主语是I，助动词用have。故填have kept；have waited。 22．Jane (be) a member of this art club since she graduated 5 years ago. 【答案】has been 【详解】句意：自从五年前毕业以来，简一直是这个艺术俱乐部的成员。根据下文“since she graduated 5 years ago”可知，空格处所在句子应用现在完成时，即“have/has been”结构，且主语为“Jane”，故助动词应用第三人称单数形式has。故填has been。 23．I (make) some friends since I lived in the new place. 【答案】have made 【详解】句意：自从我住在新地方以来，我交了一些朋友。根据“since I lived in the new place”可知，主句时态为现在完成时，主语为“I”，应填have made。故填have made。 提升训练 三、单项选择 1．—The movie Ne Zha 2 is so popular, ________ you ________ it yet? —Yes. I saw it two weeks ago. A．Are; seeing B．Did; see C．Have; seen D．Will; see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——电影《哪吒2》很受欢迎，你看了吗？——是的，我两周前看的。 考查现在完成时。根据答句“I saw it two weeks ago”及问句“yet”可知，此处询问“是否已经看过”，需用现在完成时。故选C。 2．I’m sure that I________ her before. A．have seen B．saw C．will see D．is seeing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我确定我以前见过她。 考查现在完成时。根据句子可知，确信以前见过她，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，现在完成时的结构为have/has+过去分词，主语是I，助动词是have，故选A。 3．I________ my bedroom. It’s so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我打扫了我的卧室。现在它很整洁。 考查动词时态。根据后句“It’s so tidy now”可知，打扫卧室的动作已完成，且对现在产生影响（房间现在整洁），需用现在完成时。故选A。 4．—Have you ________ your homework? —Yes, I finished it an hour ago. A．finish B．finishes C．finished D．finishing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你写完作业了吗？——是的，我一小时之前就写完了。 考查现在完成时。分析句子结构可知，横线处缺少finish的过去分词finished，以和助动词“have”构成现在完成时。故选C。 5．—What are you going to do this weekend? —I ________ yet. A．won’t decide B．haven’t decided C．have decided D．didn’t decide 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你这个周末打算做什么？——我还没有决定。 考查现在完成时的用法。根据yet结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时的否定形式，表示对现在造成的影响，即到现在还没有决定周末做什么，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语为I，助动词用have，否定句在助动词have后加not，缩写成haven’t，故选B。 6．Scientists are still working hard, although they ________ great progress in their study. A．have made B．will make C．are making D．were making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管科学家们在研究中取得了很大进展，但他们仍在努力工作。 考查动词时态。根据“Scientists are still working hard, although they…great progress in their study.”可知科学家们“已经取得”进展（强调结果），且“仍在工作”表明进展是过去的动作对现在的影响，因此使用现在完成时（have made）。故选A。 7．The Robinsons love traveling. So far, they _______ many interesting places. A．have visited B．visit C．visited D．will visit 【答案】A 【详解】句意：罗宾逊一家喜欢旅行。到目前为止，他们已经参观了许多有趣的地方。 考查现在完成时。结合“So far”可知时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done。故选A。 8．I’m so glad that I ________ nearly half of the test till now. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．have finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我很高兴到现在为止我已经完成了将近一半的测试。 考查时态。根据“I’m so glad that I…nearly half of the test till now.”可知，句中有时间状语till now，强调从过去开始到现在这个时间段里完成了将近一半的测试，这种过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响，所以句子时态应该用现在完成时。故选D。 9．—Peter, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready? —No, I ________ our towels yet. A．don’t pack B．didn’t pack C．have packed D．haven’t packed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Peter，我们将在十分钟后出发。你准备好了吗？——没有，我还未收拾好我们的毛巾。 考查现在完成时。don’t pack不收拾，一般现在时；didn’t pack没收拾，一般过去时；have packed已收拾，现在完成时；haven’t packed未收拾，现在完成时。根据“No”可知，还没有准备好，排除选项C；根据“yet”和选项可知，用现在完成时。故选D。 10．—Why are you standing here, Mrs White? —I’m waiting for my son. He ________ back from school. A．hasn’t come B．won’t come C．doesn’t come D．didn’t come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么站在这里，怀特太太？——我在等我的儿子，他还没有从学校回来。 考查现在完成时。根据“I’m waiting for my son. He...back from school.”可知，她儿子还没有回来，所以她在等他，此处使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作，对现在造成的影响，且此处是否定句，结构为haven’t/hasn’t done。故选A。 11．This is the most interesting film I ________. A．saw B．to see C．have seen D．seeing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最有趣的电影。 考查动词时态。根据分析句子结构可知，空处为定语从句，当主句使用最高级the most interesting时，定语从句常用现在完成时，其结构为have/has + 过去分词，表示从过去到现在的经历或影响。从句主语为I，助动词用have。故选C。 12．—Have you seen the wonderful film ________? —Yes. I have ________ seen it three times. A．still; already B．yet; yet C．already; yet D．yet; already 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你已经看过这部精彩的电影了吗？ ——是的。我已经看过三次了。 考查现在完成时和副词辨析。still仍然；already已经，一般用于肯定句；yet已经，一般用于疑问句。根据“Have you seen the wonderful film”可知，此处是询问是否已经看过这部电影了，疑问句，且是现在完成时，第一空填yet；根据“I have…seen it three times.”可知，此处回答已经看过三次，肯定句，且是现在完成时，第二空填already。故选D。 13．It’s the third time that you ________ lunch here. A．had B．have C．has had D．have had 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是你第三次在这里吃午饭了。 考查动词的时态。根据“It’s the third time that”可知，此处为“It is+序数词+time+that 从句”的句型，that从句要用现在完成时，表示“这是第几次做某事”，主语是you，助动词用have。故选D。 14．Millie, ________ you ________ my schoolbag? I can’t find it now. A．has; seen B．have; seen C．has; saw D．have; saw 【答案】B 【详解】句意：米莉，你看到我的书包了吗？我现在找不到它了。 考查动词时态。根据下文“I can’t find it now.”可知，现在找不到书包了，所以此处是询问Millie是否曾经见过书包，句子时态应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done；主语为“you”，助动词应用have，动词see的过去分词为seen。故选B。 15．There________ a lot of rain over the last 24 hours. A．has been B．have been C．were D．are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：过去24小时下了很多雨。 考查时态。has been现在完成时，三单形式；have been现在完成时；were一般过去时；are一般现在时。根据“over the last 24 hours”可知时态要用现在完成时，又因主语是there，谓语动词要用单数。故选A。 16．There ________ great changes in this town over the past 10 years. A．will be B．used to be C．have been D．has been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，这个城镇发生了巨大的变化。 考查现在完成时。根据“over the past 10 years”可知本句时态为现在完成时，There be句型的现在完成时结构是“There have/has been”，“great changes”是复数，故选C。 17．I don’t want to watch the dolphin show, because I ________ it already. A．will watch B．watch C．have watched D．watched 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不想去看海豚表演，因为我已经看过了。 考查现在完成时。由“already”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，用“have/has done”结构。故选C。 18．The environment ________ in our city recently. A．improved B．improves C．has improved D．is improving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们城市的环境最近已经改善了。 考查动词时态辨析。improved改善，一般过去时；improves改善，一般现在时第三人称单数形式；has improved已经改善，现在完成时；is improving正在改善，现在进行时。根据时间状语“recently”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，即环境在过去的一段时间内得到了改善，并且这种改善对现在仍有影响。因此，应该用“has improved”。故选C。 19．No hurry! The play ________ yet! A．hasn’t begun B．will not begin C．doesn’t begin D．didn’t begin 【答案】A 【详解】句意：别着急！演出还没有开始！ 考查动词时态辨析。hasn’t begun现在完成时的否定形式；will not begin一般将来时的否定形式；doesn’t begin一般现在时的否定形式；didn’t begin一般过去时的否定形式。根据“No hurry!”可知，此处表示演出还没有开始，强调对现在的影响，即“别着急”，因此应该用现在完成时的否定形式。故选A。 20．I’d like to go and play Chinese chess with you, but I ________ my homework. A．wasn’t finishing B．haven’t finished C．didn’t finish D．don’t finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我很想和你一起去下象棋，但是我还没有完成作业。 考查动词时态。根据“I’d like to go and play Chinese chess with you, but I…my homework.”可知，主句“I’d like”表示现在的意愿，后半句需说明当前未完成作业的状态对现在的影响，因此设空处为现在完成时。故选B。 21．Great changes ________ in China in the past five years. A．take place B．had taken place C．have taken place D．took place 【答案】C 【详解】句意：过去五年中国发生了巨大变化。 考查现在完成时用法。根据时间状语“in the past five years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在并强调影响，需用现在完成时“have taken place”（强调已完成且与现在相关）。故选C。 22．—Will you watch the TV series Three-Body (三体) with me together? —Thank you. But I ________ it already. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起看电视剧《三体》吗？——非常感谢。但我已经看了。 考查时态。根据“already”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选D。 23．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——《哪吒2》真是令人惊喜！你看过了吗？——还没有。但是我计划这个周六晚上去电影院看。 考查现在完成时。already已经；yet还；ever曾经；just仅仅。根据“Have you...watched it?”可知，问句是含有ever的现在完成时的句子，表示“是否曾经做过某事？”，Not yet“还没有”是否定回答。故选B。 24．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过法国吗？——没有，从来没有。 考查副词。ever曾经，常与现在完成时连用，表示某个动作或状态是否曾经发生过；never从未。分析句子可知，第一空表示“曾经”；第二空表示“从未去过”。故选A。 25．—Have you ________ spoken to a foreign visitor? —No, not ________. A．ever; never B．yet; ever C．ever; yet D．yet; yet 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你和外国游客交谈过吗？——不，没有。 考查现在完成时。问句为现在完成时，表示曾经是否做过某事，用ever“曾经”；根据“No,  not”可知，是否定回答，yet表示“尚，还，仍”,用于否定句中。故选C。 26．—Hi , Tom! ________ you ever ________ the ChatGPT these days? —Yes. It’s an artificial intelligence software（人工智能软件）which can do many useful things for human. A．Have; heard B．Did; hear C．Do; hear 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——嗨，Tom！这些天你曾经听说过ChatGPT吗？——是的，它是一款人工智能软件，可以为人类做很多有用的事情。 考查现在完成时。ever“曾经”，常用于完成时态，又因therse days“这些天”，所以本句时态为现在完成时have done。主语是you，助动词用have，hear的过去分词为herad，疑问句助动词提前首字母大写。故选A。 27．—________ you ever ________ the new library? —No, I haven’t. A．Do; visit B．Have; visited C．Did; visit D．Are; visiting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你曾参观过这个新图书馆吗？——不，我没有。 考查动词时态。根据“No, I haven’t.”可知，问句是助动词have引导的一般疑问句，时态是现在完成时，结构是have done。故选B。 28．Have you________been to the UK? A．just B．ever C．once D．yet 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你去过英国吗？ 考查副词。just刚刚；ever曾经；once一次，yet还。根据句意可知，这里表示你“曾经”去过英国吗，所以是ever。故选B。 29．What’s the best gift John __________ ever received? A．have B．has C．had D．having 【答案】B 【详解】句意：约翰收到过最好的礼物是什么？ 考查动词时态。根据“ever”可知，本句是现在完成时(have/has done)，主语John是单数，助动词用has。故选B。 30．—Have you ever been to an aquarium? —No, ________. A．I have B．I am not C．I haven’t D．I hasn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你去过水族馆吗？——不，我没有。 考查现在完成时答语。根据问句“Have you ever been to an aquarium?”可知，问句是现在完成时，其否定回答中要用haven’t/hasn’t，因为主语是I，所以要用haven’t，故选C。 31．The government ________ a lot on the pollution problem since 2010. A．spent B．spends C．will spend D．has spent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自2010年以来，政府在污染问题上花费很多。 考查动词时态。spent花费，过去式；spends一般现在时第三人称单数形式；will spend一般将来时；has spent现在完成时。根据时间状语“since 2010”可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时，故选D。 32．She ________ the book ________ two days ago. A．has borrowed; since B．has kept; since C．kept; for D．has kept ; for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她从两天前起就一直保存着这本书。 考查时态及介词辨析。since自从，后接时间点；for（表示一段时间）达，计，后接一段时间。根据“two days ago”可知，此处表示时间点，此处介词用since，句子时态为现在完成时，且动作延续，结合选项可知，B项符合。故选B。 33．We ________ five lessons since the beginning of this term. A．have learned B．learnt C．learn D．will learn 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自从这个学期开始，我们已经学了五课。 考查动词时态。根据“since the beginning of this term”可知，时态应用现在完成时。故选A。 34．This film ________ for a week and many children like it very much. A．begins B．has begun C．began D．has been on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这部电影上映一周了，许多小孩都非常喜欢它。 考查现在完成时的用法。根据“for a week”可知此句应用现在完成时“主语+have/has+done”，排除选项A和C；“for a week”表示一段时间，与一段时间连用，动词应用延续性动词，“begin”是短暂性动词，应变为“be on”。故选D。 35．My grandparents ________ for sixty years. They are living a peaceful life in the countryside. A．married B．got married C．have married D．have been married 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的祖父母已经结婚60年了。他们在乡下过着平静的生活。 考查动词时态和语态。married一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；got married一般过去时，强调结婚的动作；have married现在完成时，表示已经结婚但不符合持续状态表达；have been married现在完成时，表示持续到现在的婚姻状态。根据“for sixty years”的时间状语，可知需用现在完成时表示持续状态。故选D。 36．I ________ here since I was born in Starlight Town. A．lived B．have lived C．am living D．had lived 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我出生在星光镇以来，我就一直住在这里。 考查动词时态。根据“since I was born in Starlight Town”可知，此处用现在完成时态，其结构为“have/has + done”。故选B。 37．—How long _______ here in New York? —For three days. A．have you come B．were you C．have you been D．will you come 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在纽约待了多久了？  ——三天了。   考查动词时态。have you come你已经来了，现在完成时，come为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用；were you你是，一般过去时，为be动词过去式，不能与时间段连用；have you been你已经待了，现在完成时，be为延续性动词，可与时间段连用；will you come你将来吗，一般将来时，come为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用。根据答语“For three days”可知，问句询问的是在某地待了多久，应用现在完成时，且动词应为延续性动词。故选C。 38．—Where are the teachers now? —In the meeting room. The meeting ________ for 10 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．has had 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——老师们现在在哪里？ ——在会议室里。会议已经开始10分钟了。 考查动词时态。根据“for 10 minutes”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，谓语动词需要用延续性动词，且此处表示会议已经开始10分钟了，应用have/has been on，主语为名词单数，故应用has been on。故选B。 39．—This picture is so beautiful. ________ have you been learning painting? —For about ten years. A．How far B．How long C．How many 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这幅画太美了。你学画画多久了? 考查短语词义解析:How far多远；How long多长时间；How many多少。根据答语For about ten years“大约十年”，可知要用特殊疑问词How long提问，意思是“你学画画多久了？”，故选B。 40．—How long have you owned this bike? —I ________ it for three months. A．have bought B．have had C．have borrowed D．have lent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你拥有这辆自行车多久了？——我已经拥有它三个月了。 考查延续性动词。have bought已经买了，buy是瞬间动词，不与时间段连用；have had已经拥有，have是延续性动词，可与时间段连用；have borrowed已经借了，borrow是瞬间动词，不与时间段连用；have lent已经借给了，lend是瞬间动词，不与时间段连用。根据“for three months”可知此处表达的是拥有这辆自行车三个月了的意思，且应与时间段连用，应用have had。故选B。 41．We haven’t seen each other ________. A．for a long time B．two days ago C．the other day D．a long time ago 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们已经很久没见面了。     考查时间状语辨析。for a long time很长时间；two days ago两天前；the other day前几天；a long time ago很久以前。根据题干“We haven’t seen each other...”可知，句子为现在完成时，需选择表示持续时间的状语，故选A。 42．They ________ in love with each other for five years since they got married. A．fell B．have fallen C．have been D．were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们自结婚以来已经相爱五年了。 考查动词时态辨析。根据“for five years since they got married”可知，此处强调从结婚至今持续五年的状态，需用现在完成时的延续性表达，故选C。 43．The final of the basketball match ________ for an hour, but we are still very excited. A．has been over B．has ended C．has been on D．has begun 【答案】A 【详解】句意：篮球比赛的决赛已经结束一个小时了，但我们仍然非常兴奋。 考查现在完成时的用法和词语辨析。be over结束，持续性动词；ended结束，短暂性动词；be on开始，持续性动词；begun开始，短暂性动词。根据“but we are still very excited.”可知，篮球比赛已经结束了，排除选项C、D。根据“for an hour”可知，此处表示持续一段时间，要用表示持续状态的动词。故选A。 44．We often go to the community library to read books. It ________ for three years. A．opens B．opened C．will open D．has been open 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们经常去社区图书馆看书。它已经开放了三年。 考查时态。根据“for three years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，D项符合。故选D。 45．I ________ the school football team since I came to Soochow University and I really enjoy playing football. A．have joined B．joined C．have been in D．was in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我来到东吴大学，我就加入了学校足球队，并且我真的很享受踢足球。 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。join加入，短暂性动词；be in加入，延续性动词。根据“since I came to Soochow University”可知，时态为现在完成时，且应用延续性动词，主语为I，助动词用have，be的过去分词为been。故选C。 46．The tourists ________ Jiangsu for five days. They are visiting Changzhou now. A．have got to B．have arrived in C．have been in D．have been to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：游客们已经在江苏待了五天。他们现在正在参观常州。 考查现在完成时的用法。根据“for five days”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，且要用延续性动词，排除选项A、B。根据“They are visiting Changzhou now”可知，游客已经在江苏了。故选C。 47．My brother has been to Stone Forest twice ________ he came to Yunnan. A．for B．since C．before D．after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我哥哥来到云南以来，他已经去过石林两次了。 考查连词辨析。for因为；since自从……以来；before在……以前；after在……以后。主句使用的是现在完成时，从句使用一般过去时，故使用since连接，表达“自从哥哥来到云南以后已经去过石林两次了”。故选B。 48．—How long have you ________ the bread maker? —For about 2 weeks. A．bought B．borrowed C．had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你买这个面包机多久了？——大约两周。 考查动词辨析。bought买；borrowed借入；had拥有。根据“For about 2 weeks.”可知，问句动词需用延续性动词，had可表示持有的状态。故选C。 49．— Mr Green and Mrs Green ________ for thirty years. —Wow! No wonder they’ve made a lot of great memories together. A．have been married B．got married C．have got married D．will get married 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——格林夫妇结婚已经30年了。——哇！难怪他们在一起留下了很多美好的回忆。 考查动词时态。have been married已婚，表持续状态；got married结婚，表示过去的短暂动作；have got married错误表达；will get married将结婚，用于一般将来时。根据“for thirty years.”可知，空处需现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，marry为短暂性动词，需变成延续性词be married，主语为复数，助动词用have。故选A。 50．—David, how long have you been in China? —I ________ here for 12 years. I ________ here in 2011. A．came; came B．have been; came C．have been; have been D．came; have been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——大卫，你在中国待多久了？——我在这待了12年了。我是2011年来这里的。 考查时态。根据“for 12 years”可知，第一空所在句的时态是现在完成时，故填have been。再根据“in 2011”可知，第二空所在句的时态是一般过去时，故选B。 51．—When ________ Millie ________? —At 10 o’clock. She ________ here for two hours. A．has; arrived; was B．did; arrive; has been C．has; reached; was D．did; reach; has been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——米莉什么时候到的？——10点钟。她在这里已经两个小时了。 考查动词辨析及时态。arrive到达，不及物动词；reach到达，及物动词。根据第三个空后的“for two hours”可知，此处应用现在完成时，可排除A项和C项；分析问句所在句的句子结构可知，第二个空后没有宾语，此处应用不及物动词arrive。故选B。 52．—________ did your uncle leave his hometown? —Twenty years ago. He ________ for twenty years. A．When; has left B．How long; has been away C．How long; has left D．When; has been away 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你叔叔是什么时候离开他的家乡的？——二十年前。他已经离开二十年了。 考查疑问词和延续性动词。根据“Twenty years ago.”可知，此处用when，意为“何时”，排除B、C；由“for twenty years”可知，此处用延续性动词，left是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，排除A。故选D。 53．I ________ a book from the library last month. I have to return it today because I ________ it for too long. A．borrowed; have borrowed B．borrowed; have kept C．lent; have lent D．lent; have kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我上个月从图书馆借了一本书。我今天必须归还它，因为我已经借了太长时间。 考查动词的时态以及短暂性动词和延续性动词的用法。第一空根据last month可知用一般过去时，“borrow sth from...”表示“从……借某物”，lend是“借给”，所以第一空用borrowed；第二空for too long表示一段时间，borrow是短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用，要转化为keep，其过去分词是kept，这里用现在完成时have kept。故选B。 54．—Mary, I remember you ________ several years ago. —Yes, I ________ for three years. A．got married; have married B．got married; married C．got married; have been married D．have married; have been married 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Mary，我记得你几年前结婚了。——是的，我已经结婚三年了。 考查动词时态。got married结婚；be married已婚。根据时间状语“several years ago”可知，第一句用一般过去时态；第二句中“for+段时间”通常用于现在完成时态have/has done，主语是I，故用have。故选C。 55．Last month I ________ a book. That is to say, I ________ a book since last month. A．have kept; have kept B．have kept; have borrowed C．borrowed; have kept D．borrowed; have borrowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月我借了一本书。也就是说，我从上个月开始就借了一本书。 考查动词的时态。根据第一个空前的“Last month”可知，此处指过去的事情，应用一般过去时；根据第二个空后的“since last month”可知，此处用现在完成时，且表示动作的延续，谓语动词需用延续性动词“have kept”。故选C。 56．—Where are the Smiths? I don’ t see them. —They ________ Inner Mongolia for their summer holiday and they ________ there for two days. A．have gone to; have been to B．have been to; have gone C．have gone to; have been D．have been to; have been in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——史密斯一家在哪里？我没看到他们。——他们去内蒙古度暑假了，并且已经在那里待了两天。 考查现在完成时。have gone to去了某地（未回来）；have been to去过某地（已回来）；have been in待在某地（持续一段时间）。根据“Where are the Smiths? I don’ t see them.”可知，第一空表示“去了内蒙古”，还没回来，用have gone to；结合“for two days”说明第二空表示“已经在那里待了两天”，用have been符合语境。故选C。 四、完成句子 1．在过去的八年里，大卫去过许多太空营。 David to many space camps over the last eight years. 【答案】 has been 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“去过”；根据“over the last eight years”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，考查have/has been to“曾经去过某地”，现在已经回来了；主语为“David”，助动词应用has。故填has；been。 2．他们去过很多有趣的地方。 They to many interesting places. 【答案】 have been 【详解】此处应用现在完成时结构have been to“曾经去过”，主语是复数they，助动词用原形have。故填have；been。 3．你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ you ever to a science museum? 【答案】 Have been 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“曾经去过”的英文，本句是现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，主语是you，所以第一空应填助动词have，放句首时，首字母要大写，构成一般疑问句；have been to表示“去过(已回)”。故填Have；been。 4．汤姆在中国已经两年了，他喜欢住在这里。 Tom in China for two years and he likes living here. (be) 【答案】 has been 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处应用现在完成时，结合所给词“be”可知，此处是have been in“在某地多久了”，主语是Tom，助动词用has，故填has；been。 5．我的父母不在这里。他们去上海了。 (完成译句) My parents are not here. They have Shanghai. 【答案】 gone to 【详解】根据句意和题干可知，第二句是现在完成时，表示“去了上海”，现在不在上海，应用“have gone to”表示“去了某地，还没有回来”。故填gone；to。 6．——你曾经去过美术博物馆吗？ ——不， 我没有。 — you ever to the art museum? —No, I haven’t. 【答案】 Have been 【详解】根据题干可知，句子是现在完成时，主语是you，所以第一空应填助动词have，构成一般疑问句；have been to“去过（已回）”。故填Have；been。 7．Mr. Smith went to Australia yesterday, and he hasn’t come back yet.  (改为同义句) Mr. Smith to Australia. 【答案】 has gone 【详解】句意：史密斯先生昨天去了澳大利亚，到现在还没有回来。have/has gone to+地点，表示“去了某地还没回来”符合语境；主语Mr. Smith为第三人单数，助动词用has。故填has；gone。 8．She went to Beijing and hasn’t returned yet. (同义句转换) She has Beijing. 【答案】 gone to 【详解】句意：她去北京了，还没有回来。根据“She went to Beijing and hasn’t returned yet”可知，“去了某地还没有回来”可用have gone to表达。故填gone；to。 9．He bought this pet dog two months ago. (同义句转换) He this pet dog for two months. 【答案】 has had 【详解】句意：他两个月前买了这只宠物狗。根据“He...this pet dog for two months.”可知，此处需要表达“他拥有这只宠物狗两个月了”。句中“for two months”是一段时间，常与现在完成时连用，且谓语动词要用延续性动词。“buy”是短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用，此处应用延续性动词“have”，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，所以用“has had”。故填has；had。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 02 现在完成时 原卷版 知识清单 1.现在完成时的概念： 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果；也可表示某一动作过去已经开始，持续到现在，往往和表示一段时间的状语连用。 2. 现在完成时的句式： 肯定句：主语＋have/has ＋过去分词＋其他. 否定句：主语＋ haven’t/hasn’t ＋过去分词＋其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has ＋主语＋过去分词＋其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语＋have/ha. 否定回答：No, 主语＋haven’t/hasn’t . 3. 现在完成时的用法及标志 （1）表示过去某一时刻开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。适用于延续性动词，标志性时间状语为since+点时间，for+段时间。如： I have learned French since 1995.从1995年起我就学法语了。 （2）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。适用于短暂性动词，时间状语already常用于肯定句 ，yet用于疑问句和否定句。如： We’ve already had breakfast at the hotel.我们已经在酒店吃过早餐了。 Have they studied art yet? 他们学过美术了吗？ No, you can’t go. I haven’t got it done yet.不，你不能走。我还没做完。 4. 过去分词的构成 1. 直接加-ed。如: play—played 2. 以字母e结尾的直接加-d。如: name—named 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如: carry—carried 4. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如: stop—stopped 根据上面的练习，归纳have been to/have gone to/have been in区别。 三者都表示“去过某地”，但用法不同。 ①“have（has）gone to+地点”意为“到某地去了”表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场。 ②“have（has）been to+地点”表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了，现在已经回来了，或可能在回来的路上。可与just、ever、never等连用，也可以接once、twice、three times等，表示“去过某地几次”。 常见用法：have never been（to）从未去过某地；have ever been（to）曾经去过某地 ③“have（has）been in+地点”表示“在某地待多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如since、for、how long等。 how long、since、for特点。 典型例句： ①A: How long have you lived here? 你们在这里住了多长时间了？ B: Since2005. 自2005年以来。 ②A: How long has he been a soldier? 他参军多长时间了？ B: For three years. 三年了。 ◎归纳：询问“多长时间”的疑问词用 how long，意为“多长”，是对一段时间或物体的长度进行提问。在现在完成时中，常对“since…”或“for…”进行提问。（注意谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如遇到非延续性动词，则要换成对应的延续性动词） since、for在现在完成时态中的用法。典型例句 ①My uncle has worked here for ten years. ②My uncle has worked here since ten years ago. ③My uncle has worked here since 2006. ④My uncle has worked here since he came here. ⑤My uncle has been in this company for one month. ◎归纳：在现在完成时态中： （l）for表示时间的持续，后接一段时间，指某个动作或情况到现在为止持续了多久。 （2）since意为自从 ，作为连词，引导一个时间状语从句。指某个动作或情况从过去某一时间一直持续到现在。它有三种用法： ①since+时间段+ago； ②since+时间点； ③since+从句，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时 （3）for和since二者在句中可以转换。 for+一段时间=since+过去的时间点. 常用的短暂性动词及与之对应的延续性动词之间的转换： borrow→keep finish→be over buy→ have marry/get marry→be married leave→be away（from） close→be closed join→be in/be a member of open→be open begin/start→be on fall ill/asleep→be ill/asleep leave→be away from return→be back 现在完成时的肯定句常与副词already、just 连用；疑问句和否定句常与 ever、yet、never连用；yet常置于句末；already、never、ever、just一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。 ever和never的用法。 （1）ever是副词，意为“曾经”，表示曾经做过某事，用于完成时的肯定句和疑问句 中，置于过去分词前，have或has之后。如： Have you ever experienced failure? 你曾经经历过失败吗？ That’s the best movie I’ve ever seen! 那是我看过的最棒的电影！ （2）never是副词，意为“从来不；一点也不”，表示从未做过某事，用于完成时的否定句，置于过去分词前，have或has之后。如： I have never been there.我从未到过那里。 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 时态 现在完成时 一般过去时 含义 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去的动作或状态持续到现在，强调的是现在的情况 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。 时间状语 ever、never、just、already、yet、since、in the past/last few years、recently、so far等 yesterday、last year、in 1990、just now 等表示过去的时间状语 have been to与have gone to的区别 （1） have (has) been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了，可与just, ever, never等连用。have (has) been to后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。 （2）have (has) gone to意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。 小试牛刀 基础训练 一、选词填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．— you (watch) the game yet? —Yes, I (watch) it yesterday. 2．— he (return) the book to you? —Yes, he has. 3．— you (decide) which one to buy? —No, I haven’t. 用have been to/have gone to/have been in填空。 1．His uncle Europe twice. 2．The girl isn’t at home. She school. 3．My brother Beijing for two years. 4．—How long have you been in Beijing? —I Beijing for six years. 5．—Where is Tom? —He the bookshop. 6．Mr. Brown Shanghai for three days. 7．Mary never the Great Wall. 8．—Where is Jim? —He England. 用since或for填空 1．He has lived in Nanjing the year before last. 2．I’ve known him we were children. 3．Our teacher has studied Japanese three years. 4．She has been away from the city about ten years. 5．It’s about ten years she left the city. 二、单词拼写 3．Have you ever (写) a letter to your parents? 2．—Have you got presents ready for Mom’s birthday? —Oh no, I have (forget) all about it. 3．Daniel has already (发现) the differences between the two spaceships. 4．It is said that the local government has (改善) the air quality over the years. 5．The teacher has (赢得) the hearts of students in her class. 6．Mum, I (grow) up. Please don’t treat me like a kid any more. 7．We haven’t r his letter for a long time. 8．Have you ever (ride) the most exciting roller coaster in America? 9．My car has already (break) down. 10．My mother (clean) the windows already, so the room looks much brighter. 11．With the help of the teacher, she’s (提高) his English a lot over the months. 12．Have you ever (be) to Beijing? 13．The population has (增加) from 1 million to 1.3 million already. 14．Alice has her diary somewhere so that her sister can’t find it. (hide) 15．—Have you ever to a museum before? —Yes, I went there last year. 16．He isn’t here right now. He (go) the park. 17．Jack (be) to Qingdao with his parents twice. 18．—Where is Mary? —She (go) to the library. 19．John is my best friend. I (know) him for twenty years. 20．Her health (improve) a lot since the operation. 21．You (keep) me waiting for two hours. I (wait) for you since five o’clock. 22．Jane (be) a member of this art club since she graduated 5 years ago. 23．I (make) some friends since I lived in the new place. 提升训练 三、单项选择 1．—The movie Ne Zha 2 is so popular, ________ you ________ it yet? —Yes. I saw it two weeks ago. A．Are; seeing B．Did; see C．Have; seen D．Will; see 2．I’m sure that I________ her before. A．have seen B．saw C．will see D．is seeing 3．I________ my bedroom. It’s so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 4．—Have you ________ your homework? —Yes, I finished it an hour ago. A．finish B．finishes C．finished D．finishing 5．—What are you going to do this weekend? —I ________ yet. A．won’t decide B．haven’t decided C．have decided D．didn’t decide 6．Scientists are still working hard, although they ________ great progress in their study. A．have made B．will make C．are making D．were making 7．The Robinsons love traveling. So far, they _______ many interesting places. A．have visited B．visit C．visited D．will visit 8．I’m so glad that I ________ nearly half of the test till now. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．have finished 9．—Peter, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready? —No, I ________ our towels yet. A．don’t pack B．didn’t pack C．have packed D．haven’t packed 10．—Why are you standing here, Mrs White? —I’m waiting for my son. He ________ back from school. A．hasn’t come B．won’t come C．doesn’t come D．didn’t come 11．This is the most interesting film I ________. A．saw B．to see C．have seen D．seeing 12．—Have you seen the wonderful film ________? —Yes. I have ________ seen it three times. A．still; already B．yet; yet C．already; yet D．yet; already 13．It’s the third time that you ________ lunch here. A．had B．have C．has had D．have had 14．Millie, ________ you ________ my schoolbag? I can’t find it now. A．has; seen B．have; seen C．has; saw D．have; saw 15．There________ a lot of rain over the last 24 hours. A．has been B．have been C．were D．are 16．There ________ great changes in this town over the past 10 years. A．will be B．used to be C．have been D．has been 17．I don’t want to watch the dolphin show, because I ________ it already. A．will watch B．watch C．have watched D．watched 18．The environment ________ in our city recently. A．improved B．improves C．has improved D．is improving 19．No hurry! The play ________ yet! A．hasn’t begun B．will not begin C．doesn’t begin D．didn’t begin 20．I’d like to go and play Chinese chess with you, but I ________ my homework. A．wasn’t finishing B．haven’t finished C．didn’t finish D．don’t finish 21．Great changes ________ in China in the past five years. A．take place B．had taken place C．have taken place D．took place 22．—Will you watch the TV series Three-Body (三体) with me together? —Thank you. But I ________ it already. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 23．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 24．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 25．—Have you ________ spoken to a foreign visitor? —No, not ________. A．ever; never B．yet; ever C．ever; yet D．yet; yet 26．—Hi , Tom! ________ you ever ________ the ChatGPT these days? —Yes. It’s an artificial intelligence software（人工智能软件）which can do many useful things for human. A．Have; heard B．Did; hear C．Do; hear 27．—________ you ever ________ the new library? —No, I haven’t. A．Do; visit B．Have; visited C．Did; visit D．Are; visiting 28．Have you________been to the UK? A．just B．ever C．once D．yet 29．What’s the best gift John __________ ever received? A．have B．has C．had D．having 30．—Have you ever been to an aquarium? —No, ________. A．I have B．I am not C．I haven’t D．I hasn’t 31．The government ________ a lot on the pollution problem since 2010. A．spent B．spends C．will spend D．has spent 32．She ________ the book ________ two days ago. A．has borrowed; since B．has kept; since C．kept; for D．has kept ; for 33．We ________ five lessons since the beginning of this term. A．have learned B．learnt C．learn D．will learn 34．This film ________ for a week and many children like it very much. A．begins B．has begun C．began D．has been on 35．My grandparents ________ for sixty years. They are living a peaceful life in the countryside. A．married B．got married C．have married D．have been married 36．I ________ here since I was born in Starlight Town. A．lived B．have lived C．am living D．had lived 37．—How long _______ here in New York? —For three days. A．have you come B．were you C．have you been D．will you come 38．—Where are the teachers now? —In the meeting room. The meeting ________ for 10 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．has had 39．—This picture is so beautiful. ________ have you been learning painting? —For about ten years. A．How far B．How long C．How many 40．—How long have you owned this bike? —I ________ it for three months. A．have bought B．have had C．have borrowed D．have lent 41．We haven’t seen each other ________. A．for a long time B．two days ago C．the other day D．a long time ago 42．They ________ in love with each other for five years since they got married. A．fell B．have fallen C．have been D．were 43．The final of the basketball match ________ for an hour, but we are still very excited. A．has been over B．has ended C．has been on D．has begun 44．We often go to the community library to read books. It ________ for three years. A．opens B．opened C．will open D．has been open 45．I ________ the school football team since I came to Soochow University and I really enjoy playing football. A．have joined B．joined C．have been in D．was in 46．The tourists ________ Jiangsu for five days. They are visiting Changzhou now. A．have got to B．have arrived in C．have been in D．have been to 47．My brother has been to Stone Forest twice ________ he came to Yunnan. A．for B．since C．before D．after 48．—How long have you ________ the bread maker? —For about 2 weeks. A．bought B．borrowed C．had 49．— Mr Green and Mrs Green ________ for thirty years. —Wow! No wonder they’ve made a lot of great memories together. A．have been married B．got married C．have got married D．will get married 50．—David, how long have you been in China? —I ________ here for 12 years. I ________ here in 2011. A．came; came B．have been; came C．have been; have been D．came; have been 51．—When ________ Millie ________? —At 10 o’clock. She ________ here for two hours. A．has; arrived; was B．did; arrive; has been C．has; reached; was D．did; reach; has been 52．—________ did your uncle leave his hometown? —Twenty years ago. He ________ for twenty years. A．When; has left B．How long; has been away C．How long; has left D．When; has been away 53．I ________ a book from the library last month. I have to return it today because I ________ it for too long. A．borrowed; have borrowed B．borrowed; have kept C．lent; have lent D．lent; have kept 54．—Mary, I remember you ________ several years ago. —Yes, I ________ for three years. A．got married; have married B．got married; married C．got married; have been married D．have married; have been married 55．Last month I ________ a book. That is to say, I ________ a book since last month. A．have kept; have kept B．have kept; have borrowed C．borrowed; have kept D．borrowed; have borrowed 56．—Where are the Smiths? I don’ t see them. —They ________ Inner Mongolia for their summer holiday and they ________ there for two days. A．have gone to; have been to B．have been to; have gone C．have gone to; have been D．have been to; have been in 四、完成句子 1．在过去的八年里，大卫去过许多太空营。 David to many space camps over the last eight years. 2．他们去过很多有趣的地方。 They to many interesting places. 3．你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ you ever to a science museum? 4．汤姆在中国已经两年了，他喜欢住在这里。 Tom in China for two years and he likes living here. (be) 5．我的父母不在这里。他们去上海了。 (完成译句) My parents are not here. They have Shanghai. 6．——你曾经去过美术博物馆吗？ ——不， 我没有。 — you ever to the art museum? —No, I haven’t. 7．Mr. Smith went to Australia yesterday, and he hasn’t come back yet.  (改为同义句) Mr. Smith to Australia. 8．She went to Beijing and hasn’t returned yet. (同义句转换) She has Beijing. 9．He bought this pet dog two months ago. (同义句转换) He this pet dog for two months. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$