Unit 3 Environmental Protection Using Language 语言点导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

语言点 Using Language Page32，33 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page32指课本第32页。相关类似) (颜色使用说明：红色为宏观位置提示。绿色为重要语言点提醒。紫色为必做笔记部分。) (附录：课文汉语译文) Para2, Line2, Page32 Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.以往,漓江的水质因游客量的增加遭到了严重破坏,许多游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。 many/most of which/whom/whose…引导的非限制性定语从句 句式点拨 句中many of whom…是“数词/代词+of+关系代词”引导的表示“部分与整体”型的非限制性定语从句, 其主语多是few, little, some, most, many, much, all, none, both, neither, each等, 关系词常用which, whom或whose。 相关拓展 句式区分:定语从句、并列句 (1)He wrote a lot of books, and most of them were popular. (句中用了并列连词and,整个句子为并列句) (2)He wrote a lot of books, most of which were popular. (句中用了which,为定语从句) 单句填空 ①My favourite writer is O.Henry, most of　　　　novels have a surprising ending.  ②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of 　　　　　　　　have emotional control issues.  ③[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of　　　　will be graded.  ④We interviewed a number of candidates but none of　　　　impressed us.  Keys:①whose　②whom　③which　④them　 句式改写/一句多译 ⑤The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, and most of them are beyond our control. →The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, 　　　　　　　are beyond our control. (用定语从句改写)   ⑥He is a famous writer, and many of his books are popular among readers. →He is a famous writer, 　　　　　　　　　　　are popular among readers. (用定语从句改写)   ⑦这个学期,我们学校为学生提供了许多选修课程,每一门课程都吸引了许多学生。 →This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students and 　　　　　　　. (并列句)   →This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students, 　　　　　　　. (定语从句)   Keys:⑤most of which ⑥many of whose books　⑦each of them appeals to many students; each of which appeals to many students Para2, Line3, Page32 Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. 许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。 contribute to...：对……有贡献,促成,捐赠,投稿 The lack of exercise contributes to poor health.（缺乏锻炼会导致健康不佳。 He contributed an article to the magazine.（他向杂志投稿了一篇文章。） 单句填空/完成句子 ①Her hard work contributed the success of the project.她的努力工作促成了项目的成功。 ②Many people support disaster relief efforts.许多人捐款支持救灾工作。 ③Regular exercise .定期锻炼对健康的生活方式有贡献。 Keys:①to ②contribute money to ③contributes to a healthy lifestyle Para2, Line6, Page32 Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.随着更多的家庭和商业废弃物最终流入江中,水污染的程度加剧了。 Para4, Line3, Page33 With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future. 随着这些运动的开展,中国的水路正朝着清洁和可持续的未来迈进。 “with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 句式点拨 句中分别运用了“with+宾语+宾补(现在分词)”和“with+宾语+宾补(介词短语)”结构, 该结构既可用作定语,也可用作状语;作状语时,可表示伴随、时间、原因、条件和结果等。 相关拓展 (1)with+名词+形容词 Before he came here, my father used to sleep with the door open. 在他来这儿之前,我父亲常常开着门睡觉。 (2)with+名词+介词短语 With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 心里七上八下的,我深深地吸了一口气。 (3)with+名词+过去分词(表被动、完成) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他站了一下,手仍然举着。 (4)with+名词+现在分词(表主动、进行) With house prices going up so fast, we can’t even afford a second-hand house. 由于房价上涨很快, 我们甚至连一套二手房都买不起。 With time going by…=As time goes by… 随着时间的流逝…… (5)with+名词+不定式(表未来动作) The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit. 有这么多的名胜可参观,这个小孩感到很激动。 单句填空 ①The southern part of the island is a separate country, called the Republic of Ireland　　　　Dublin as its capital.  ②[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] With over 2,500 bikes　　　　(store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.  ③With more natural resources 　　　　　　　　(run) out, the care for the environment is becoming more and more important.  ④With so many essays 　　　　　　　　(write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning.  Keys:①with　②stored　③running　④to write　 完成句子/句式改写 ⑤[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. They said “Happy Mother’s Day”,   　.  双胞胎把早餐端到楼上,叫醒了他们的妈妈。他们说“母亲节快乐”,眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 ⑥He held the keys in his hand and looked for them everywhere. → 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he looked for them everywhere. (用“with+宾语+宾补”结构改写)  ⑦You must stay here because there is something important to talk about with you. → 　 , you must stay here. (用“with+宾语+宾补”结构改写) Keys:⑤with their eyes twinkling with excitement　⑥With the keys (held) in his hand　⑦With something important to talk about with you Para2, Line10, Page32 Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river’s original beauty. 当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境,认为应采取紧急措施以恢复这条河原有的美丽。 restore　vt.恢复;使复原;修复 (1)restore sb/sth to sth　　使复原/复位;使复职 restore sth to sb/sth 归还(失物、赃款等);恢复(某种情况或感受) (2)restoration n. 修复, 整修 单句填空 ①The ancient tower was carefully restored　　　　its original state under the repair of engineers.  ②The 　　　　(restore) of the building is expected to take up to five years to complete.  ③Beautifully 　　　 　(restore) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years.  Keys:①to　②restoration　③restored　 完成句子 ④Thanks to my teacher, it was her constant encouragement 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and become positive again.  多亏了我的老师,是她不断的鼓励帮助我恢复了信心,重新变得积极起来。(应用文写作之演讲稿) ⑤Happy memories of the past flooded into his mind. With great effort, 　.  过去的美好回忆涌上他的脑海。经过巨大的努力,安东尼(Anthony)的记忆得以恢复。 Keys:④that helped me restore confidence　⑤Anthony’s memory was restored Para3, Line4, Page32 Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. 几十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。 dozen　n.(a group of twelve of the same thing) (一)打;十二个 (1)dozens of 很多;许多;几十 three dozen eggs 三打鸡蛋 by the dozen 成打地;按打计算 (2)scores of 许多;大量 thousands of 成千上万的;数以千计的 millions of 成百万的;许许多多的 提示:当dozen与具体数字连用时, 既不加复数词尾-s, 也不后接介词of;当与 a few, several 等数目不具体的词(短语)连用时, 加不加复数词尾-s均可, 不加复数词尾-s时, 其后的介词of可以省略;加复数词尾-s时, 其后的介词 of不能省略。如:several dozen (of) pencils(=several dozens of pencils)几打铅笔 单句填空 ①Surprisingly, in that bookstore, books are sold　　　　　　　　the dozen.  ②Shortly after the accident, dozens of police 　　　　　　　　(send) to the spot to keep order.  ③[2024·浙江1月考] This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with　　　　　(dozen) of titles that I would never normally consider buying.  Keys:①by　②were sent　③dozens　 完成句子 ④He has made 　　　　　　　　　　, the last of which made him hit the big time.  他拍了二十多部电影,最后一部使他大受欢迎。 ⑤During the exhibition,   created by students will be shown, most of which are based on classical movies and plays. 在展览期间,将放映数十部由学生创作的短视频,其中大部分是根据经典电影和戏剧拍摄的。 Keys: ④two dozen films ⑤dozens of short videos Para3, Line9, Page33 At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses. 与此同时,他们开始实行定期检查,并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行罚款。 inspection, n, 检查, 视察, 检验, 审查。 (1)carry out an inspection：进行检查。 routine inspection:例行检查。 safety inspection:安全检查。 quality inspection:质量检查。 (2)inspect动词：检查、视察、检验。 inspector名词：检查员、视察员、监督员。 inspectable形容词：可检查的、可检验的。 All public buildings must be inspectable for safety purposes.所有公共建筑都必须可进行安全检查。 单句填空/完成句子 ①The documents are under (inspect) by the authorities.文件正在接受当局的审查。 ②The government will regular inspections to ensure safety.政府将进行定期检查以确保安全。 ③The police of the building.警察对该建筑进行了例行检查。 Keys:①inspection ②carry out ③carried out a routine inspection Para3, Line9, Page33 At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses. 与此同时,他们开始实行定期检查,并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行罚款。 fine　vt.对……处以罚款 n. 罚金,罚款 be fined for (doing) sth 因(做)某事被罚款 单句填空 ①The company was fined ￡20,000　　　　breaching safety regulations.  ②He often attempts to escape 　　　　(fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.  ③In some cities of China, you will get　　　　(fine) if you don’t walk on the sidewalk when crossing the road.  Keys:①for　②being fined　③fined　 完成句子 ④According to the newly-made traffic regulation, any individual 　 　at least 200 dollars 　 　through a red light.  根据新制定的交通法规,任何人驾车闯红灯将会被罚款至少200美元。 Keys:④shall be fined; for driving Para4, Line3, Page33 With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future. 随着这些运动的开展,中国的水路正朝着清洁和可持续的未来迈进。 campaign n 运动 战役 v 参加运动 领导运动 a national/nationwide campaign 全国性的运动 a campaign for/against 争取/反对…的运动 launch/start a campaign 发起一场运动 run/conduct/carry out a campaign 开展一场运动 campaign for 参加支持…的活动 campaign against 参加反对…的活动 campaign to do sth 为开展…运动 例句 They are campaigning for the protection of natural resources.他们正在为了保护自然资源而运动。 The organization is running a campaign against animal cruelty.该组织正在开展反对虐待动物的运动。 The campaign to raise awareness about mental health is gaining momentum. 提高对心理健康认识的运动正在加速发展。（动词不定式作后置定语） 单句填空 ①The group is campaigning better working conditions.该团体正在为改善工作条件而运动。 ②The campaign smoking has been successful in reducing the number of smokers. 反对吸烟的运动在减少吸烟人数方面取得了成功。 ③The government launched a campaign (promote) healthy eating. 政府发起了一场促进健康饮食的运动。 Keys:①for ②against ③to promote 完成句子 ④The organization about climate change. 该组织发起了一场提高对气候变化认识的运动。 ⑤ is supported by many countries. 推广可再生能源的运动得到了许多国家的支持。 Keys:④launched a campaign to raise awareness ⑤The campaign to promote renewable energy Para4, Line3, Page33 With such campaigns in effect， Chinas waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future随着这些行动(的展开)，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。 Para1, Line4, Page32 However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river's water quality. 然而，它作为顶级旅游胜地的声誉对河流的水质产生了负面影响。 in effect 在实施中,有效,实际上,事实上. have an effect on/upon 对….有…影响/产生……作用 The new regulations are now in effect.新规定现已生效。 Mr. Chen looks very strict. In effect, he is friendly to his students. 陈老师看上去很严后，但实际上他对他的学生很友好。 归纳拓展 come into effect 生效;起作用(不及物动词词组） take effect生效；起作用(不及物动词词组） put/bring sth. into effect 使…生效;落实………（及物动词词组） The new laws and regulations will take effect/come into effect next month. 这些新的法律法规将于下个月开始生效. 单句填空 ①The law will take effect January 1st.（该法律将于1月1日生效。 ② , this means that we need to take immediate action.实际上，这意味着我们需要立即采取行动。 Keys:①on ②In effect 完成句子 ③The new policy the local economy.新政策对当地经济有积极影响。 ④ , the crime rate has dropped significantly.随着新政策的实施，犯罪率显著下降。 Keys:③has a positive effect on ④With the new policy in effect Exercise1, Para3, Line1, Page34 The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. 村民们再也不能忍受这种情况了。 tolerate　vt.忍受;包容;容许 (1)tolerate doing sth(=put up with doing sth) 容忍做某事 can’t tolerate/bear/stand (doing) sth无法忍受(做)某事 (2)tolerant adj. 宽容的;容忍的 be tolerant of/towards… 对……容忍 (3)tolerance n. 忍受,容忍 have tolerance for 对……容忍 单句填空 ①From this experience, both of them learned that 　　　　　　　　(tolerate) and cooperation are the secrets to a harmonious and successful life.  ②Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a 　　　　　　　　(tolerate) smile and let him go.  ③I can’t tolerate 　　　　　　　　(work) with Kate in the same office for she’s always on the phone loudly while we’re working.  Keys:①tolerance　②tolerant　③working　 完成句子 ④Casting admiring glances at him, I came to realize that 　 , making a great difference to the world. 向他投去赞赏的目光,我开始意识到宽容是一种美德,它对世界会产生重大影响。 ⑤Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and 　 .  朋友之间应该学会忍耐对方恼人的习惯,并允许意见出现分歧。(读后续写之主旨升华) Keys:④tolerance is a kind of virtue　⑤to tolerate differences of opinions 附录：课文汉语译文 REDUCING WATER POLLUTION IN THE LI RIVER 减少漓江的水污染 The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river's water quality. This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it. 美丽的漓江及其迷人的风景是中西壮族自治区最著名的旅游胜地之一。它每年吸引数百万的国内外游客。然而，它作为顶级旅游胜地的声誉对河流的水质产生了负面影响。这份报告着眼于水污染问题以及为解决这个间题而采取的一些行动。 Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil. which was often thrown into the water. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the rivers original beauty 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔进江中。许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。船上的厨房用了大量的油，这些油经常被扔入水中。旅游业的增长也意味着当地人口以及商业和工业企业的数量迅速増加。水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。为了养活更多的人，使用了更多的化学药品来增加农作物的产量。这些化学物质导致严重的水质问题，导致鱼类种类减少。当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原始美景。 A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation. The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come 一项全面倡议启动了，采取了若干措施解这些问题。污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。生活垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。地方政府对进一步发展工业制定了严格的规定。有关旅游船路线和垃圾处理方法的新规定也已出台。此外，地方当局开始利用媒体宣传环境意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对旅游组织的陋习进行罚款。相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。 In addition， the ambitious＂Water Ten Plan＂ is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives， such as the＂River Chief System＂， hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaigns in effect， Chinas waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future另外，“水十条”的宏伟规划则是为了治理整个国家的水污染问题。例如“河长制”这样的举措让高级官员承担起减少水污染的职。随着这些行动(的展开)，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语言点 Using Language Page32，33 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page32指课本第32页。相关类似) (粗体使用说明：粗体为重点记忆部分。) (附录一：练习答案。附录二：课文汉语译文) Para2, Line2, Page32 Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.以往,漓江的水质因游客量的增加遭到了严重破坏,许多游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。 many/most of which/whom/whose…引导的非限制性定语从句 句式点拨 句中many of whom…是“数词/代词+of+关系代词”引导的表示“部分与整体”型的非限制性定语从句, 其主语多是few, little, some, most, many, much, all, none, both, neither, each等, 关系词常用which, whom或whose。 相关拓展 句式区分:定语从句、并列句 (1)He wrote a lot of books, and most of them were popular. (句中用了并列连词and,整个句子为并列句) (2)He wrote a lot of books, most of which were popular. (句中用了which,为定语从句) 单句填空 ①My favourite writer is O.Henry, most of　　　　novels have a surprising ending.  ②[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of 　　　　　　　　have emotional control issues.  ③[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of　　　　will be graded.  ④We interviewed a number of candidates but none of　　　　impressed us.  句式改写/一句多译 ⑤The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, and most of them are beyond our control. →The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, 　　　　　　　are beyond our control. (用定语从句改写)   ⑥He is a famous writer, and many of his books are popular among readers. →He is a famous writer, 　　　　　　　　　　　are popular among readers. (用定语从句改写)   ⑦这个学期,我们学校为学生提供了许多选修课程,每一门课程都吸引了许多学生。 →This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students and 　　　　　　　. (并列句)   →This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students, 　　　　　　　. (定语从句)   Para2, Line3, Page32 Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. 许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。 contribute to...：对……有贡献,促成,捐赠,投稿 The lack of exercise contributes to poor health.（缺乏锻炼会导致健康不佳。 He contributed an article to the magazine.（他向杂志投稿了一篇文章。） 单句填空/完成句子 ①Her hard work contributed the success of the project.她的努力工作促成了项目的成功。 ②Many people support disaster relief efforts.许多人捐款支持救灾工作。 ③Regular exercise .定期锻炼对健康的生活方式有贡献。 Para2, Line6, Page32 Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.随着更多的家庭和商业废弃物最终流入江中,水污染的程度加剧了。 Para4, Line3, Page33 With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future. 随着这些运动的开展,中国的水路正朝着清洁和可持续的未来迈进。 “with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 句式点拨 句中分别运用了“with+宾语+宾补(现在分词)”和“with+宾语+宾补(介词短语)”结构, 该结构既可用作定语,也可用作状语;作状语时,可表示伴随、时间、原因、条件和结果等。 相关拓展 (1)with+名词+形容词 Before he came here, my father used to sleep with the door open. 在他来这儿之前,我父亲常常开着门睡觉。 (2)with+名词+介词短语 With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 心里七上八下的,我深深地吸了一口气。 (3)with+名词+过去分词(表被动、完成) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他站了一下,手仍然举着。 (4)with+名词+现在分词(表主动、进行) With house prices going up so fast, we can’t even afford a second-hand house. 由于房价上涨很快, 我们甚至连一套二手房都买不起。 With time going by…=As time goes by… 随着时间的流逝…… (5)with+名词+不定式(表未来动作) The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit. 有这么多的名胜可参观,这个小孩感到很激动。 单句填空 ①The southern part of the island is a separate country, called the Republic of Ireland　　　　Dublin as its capital.  ②[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] With over 2,500 bikes　　　　(store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.  ③With more natural resources 　　　　　　　　(run) out, the care for the environment is becoming more and more important.  ④With so many essays 　　　　　　　　(write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning.  完成句子/句式改写 ⑤[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. They said “Happy Mother’s Day”,   　.  双胞胎把早餐端到楼上,叫醒了他们的妈妈。他们说“母亲节快乐”,眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 ⑥He held the keys in his hand and looked for them everywhere. → 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he looked for them everywhere. (用“with+宾语+宾补”结构改写)  ⑦You must stay here because there is something important to talk about with you. → 　 , you must stay here. (用“with+宾语+宾补”结构改写) Para2, Line10, Page32 Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river’s original beauty. 当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境,认为应采取紧急措施以恢复这条河原有的美丽。 restore　vt.恢复;使复原;修复 (1)restore sb/sth to sth　　使复原/复位;使复职 restore sth to sb/sth 归还(失物、赃款等);恢复(某种情况或感受) (2)restoration n. 修复, 整修 单句填空 ①The ancient tower was carefully restored　　　　its original state under the repair of engineers.  ②The 　　　　(restore) of the building is expected to take up to five years to complete.  ③Beautifully 　　　 　(restore) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years.  完成句子 ④Thanks to my teacher, it was her constant encouragement 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and become positive again.  多亏了我的老师,是她不断的鼓励帮助我恢复了信心,重新变得积极起来。(应用文写作之演讲稿) ⑤Happy memories of the past flooded into his mind. With great effort, 　.  过去的美好回忆涌上他的脑海。经过巨大的努力,安东尼(Anthony)的记忆得以恢复。 Para3, Line4, Page32 Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. 几十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。 dozen　n.(a group of twelve of the same thing) (一)打;十二个 (1)dozens of 很多;许多;几十 three dozen eggs 三打鸡蛋 by the dozen 成打地;按打计算 (2)scores of 许多;大量 thousands of 成千上万的;数以千计的 millions of 成百万的;许许多多的 提示:当dozen与具体数字连用时, 既不加复数词尾-s, 也不后接介词of;当与 a few, several 等数目不具体的词(短语)连用时, 加不加复数词尾-s均可, 不加复数词尾-s时, 其后的介词of可以省略;加复数词尾-s时, 其后的介词 of不能省略。如:several dozen (of) pencils(=several dozens of pencils)几打铅笔 单句填空 ①Surprisingly, in that bookstore, books are sold　　　　　　　　the dozen.  ②Shortly after the accident, dozens of police 　　　　　　　　(send) to the spot to keep order.  ③[2024·浙江1月考] This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with　　　　　(dozen) of titles that I would never normally consider buying.  完成句子 ④He has made 　　　　　　　　　　, the last of which made him hit the big time.  他拍了二十多部电影,最后一部使他大受欢迎。 ⑤During the exhibition,   created by students will be shown, most of which are based on classical movies and plays. 在展览期间,将放映数十部由学生创作的短视频,其中大部分是根据经典电影和戏剧拍摄的。 Para3, Line9, Page33 At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses. 与此同时,他们开始实行定期检查,并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行罚款。 inspection, n, 检查, 视察, 检验, 审查。 (1)carry out an inspection：进行检查。 routine inspection:例行检查。 safety inspection:安全检查。 quality inspection:质量检查。 (2)inspect动词：检查、视察、检验。 inspector名词：检查员、视察员、监督员。 inspectable形容词：可检查的、可检验的。 All public buildings must be inspectable for safety purposes.所有公共建筑都必须可进行安全检查。 单句填空/完成句子 ①The documents are under (inspect) by the authorities.文件正在接受当局的审查。 ②The government will regular inspections to ensure safety.政府将进行定期检查以确保安全。 ③The police of the building.警察对该建筑进行了例行检查。 Para3, Line9, Page33 At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses. 与此同时,他们开始实行定期检查,并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行罚款。 fine　vt.对……处以罚款 n. 罚金,罚款 be fined for (doing) sth 因(做)某事被罚款 单句填空 ①The company was fined ￡20,000　　　　breaching safety regulations.  ②He often attempts to escape 　　　　(fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.  ③In some cities of China, you will get　　　　(fine) if you don’t walk on the sidewalk when crossing the road.  完成句子 ④According to the newly-made traffic regulation, any individual 　 　at least 200 dollars 　 　through a red light.  根据新制定的交通法规,任何人驾车闯红灯将会被罚款至少200美元。 Para4, Line3, Page33 With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future. 随着这些运动的开展,中国的水路正朝着清洁和可持续的未来迈进。 campaign n 运动 战役 v 参加运动 领导运动 a national/nationwide campaign 全国性的运动 a campaign for/against 争取/反对…的运动 launch/start a campaign 发起一场运动 run/conduct/carry out a campaign 开展一场运动 campaign for 参加支持…的活动 campaign against 参加反对…的活动 campaign to do sth 为开展…运动 例句 They are campaigning for the protection of natural resources.他们正在为了保护自然资源而运动。 The organization is running a campaign against animal cruelty.该组织正在开展反对虐待动物的运动。 The campaign to raise awareness about mental health is gaining momentum. 提高对心理健康认识的运动正在加速发展。（动词不定式作后置定语） 单句填空 ①The group is campaigning better working conditions.该团体正在为改善工作条件而运动。 ②The campaign smoking has been successful in reducing the number of smokers. 反对吸烟的运动在减少吸烟人数方面取得了成功。 ③The government launched a campaign (promote) healthy eating. 政府发起了一场促进健康饮食的运动。 完成句子 ④The organization about climate change. 该组织发起了一场提高对气候变化认识的运动。 ⑤ is supported by many countries. 推广可再生能源的运动得到了许多国家的支持。 Para4, Line3, Page33 With such campaigns in effect， Chinas waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future随着这些行动(的展开)，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。 Para1, Line4, Page32 However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river's water quality. 然而，它作为顶级旅游胜地的声誉对河流的水质产生了负面影响。 in effect 在实施中,有效,实际上,事实上. have an effect on/upon 对….有…影响/产生……作用 The new regulations are now in effect.新规定现已生效。 Mr. Chen looks very strict. In effect, he is friendly to his students. 陈老师看上去很严后，但实际上他对他的学生很友好。 归纳拓展 come into effect 生效;起作用(不及物动词词组） take effect生效；起作用(不及物动词词组） put/bring sth. into effect 使…生效;落实………（及物动词词组） The new laws and regulations will take effect/come into effect next month. 这些新的法律法规将于下个月开始生效. 单句填空 ①The law will take effect January 1st.（该法律将于1月1日生效。 ② , this means that we need to take immediate action.实际上，这意味着我们需要立即采取行动。 完成句子 ③The new policy the local economy.新政策对当地经济有积极影响。 ④ , the crime rate has dropped significantly.随着新政策的实施，犯罪率显著下降。 Exercise1, Para3, Line1, Page34 The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. 村民们再也不能忍受这种情况了。 tolerate　vt.忍受;包容;容许 (1)tolerate doing sth(=put up with doing sth) 容忍做某事 can’t tolerate/bear/stand (doing) sth无法忍受(做)某事 (2)tolerant adj. 宽容的;容忍的 be tolerant of/towards… 对……容忍 (3)tolerance n. 忍受,容忍 have tolerance for 对……容忍 单句填空 ①From this experience, both of them learned that 　　　　　　　　(tolerate) and cooperation are the secrets to a harmonious and successful life.  ②Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a 　　　　　　　　(tolerate) smile and let him go.  ③I can’t tolerate 　　　　　　　　(work) with Kate in the same office for she’s always on the phone loudly while we’re working.  完成句子 ④Casting admiring glances at him, I came to realize that 　 , making a great difference to the world. 向他投去赞赏的目光,我开始意识到宽容是一种美德,它对世界会产生重大影响。 ⑤Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and 　 .  朋友之间应该学会忍耐对方恼人的习惯,并允许意见出现分歧。(读后续写之主旨升华) 附录一：练习答案 Para2, Line2, Page32 Keys:①whose　②whom　③which　④them　 Keys:⑤most of which ⑥many of whose books　⑦each of them appeals to many students; each of which appeals to many students Para2, Line3, Page32 Keys:①to ②contribute money to ③contributes to a healthy lifestyle Para2, Line6, Page32 Para4, Line3, Page33 Keys:①with　②stored　③running　④to write　 Keys:⑤with their eyes twinkling with excitement　⑥With the keys (held) in his hand　⑦With something important to talk about with you Para2, Line10, Page32 Keys:①to　②restoration　③restored　 Keys:④that helped me restore confidence　⑤Anthony’s memory was restored Para3, Line4, Page32 Keys:①by　②were sent　③dozens　 Keys: ④two dozen films ⑤dozens of short videos Para3, Line9, Page33 Keys:①inspection ②carry out ③carried out a routine inspection Para3, Line9, Page33 Keys:①for　②being fined　③fined　 Keys:④shall be fined; for driving Para4, Line3, Page33 Keys:①for ②against ③to promote Keys:④launched a campaign to raise awareness ⑤The campaign to promote renewable energy Para4, Line3, Page33 Para1, Line4, Page32 Keys:①on ②In effect Keys:③has a positive effect on ④With the new policy in effect Exercise1, Para3, Line1, Page34 Keys:①tolerance　②tolerant　③working　 Keys:④tolerance is a kind of virtue　⑤to tolerate differences of opinions 附录二：课文汉语译文 REDUCING WATER POLLUTION IN THE LI RIVER 减少漓江的水污染 The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river's water quality. This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it. 美丽的漓江及其迷人的风景是中西壮族自治区最著名的旅游胜地之一。它每年吸引数百万的国内外游客。然而，它作为顶级旅游胜地的声誉对河流的水质产生了负面影响。这份报告着眼于水污染问题以及为解决这个间题而采取的一些行动。 Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil. which was often thrown into the water. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the rivers original beauty 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔进江中。许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。船上的厨房用了大量的油，这些油经常被扔入水中。旅游业的增长也意味着当地人口以及商业和工业企业的数量迅速増加。水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。为了养活更多的人，使用了更多的化学药品来增加农作物的产量。这些化学物质导致严重的水质问题，导致鱼类种类减少。当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原始美景。 A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation. The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come 一项全面倡议启动了，采取了若干措施解这些问题。污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。生活垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。地方政府对进一步发展工业制定了严格的规定。有关旅游船路线和垃圾处理方法的新规定也已出台。此外，地方当局开始利用媒体宣传环境意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对旅游组织的陋习进行罚款。相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。 In addition， the ambitious＂Water Ten Plan＂ is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives， such as the＂River Chief System＂， hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaigns in effect， Chinas waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future另外，“水十条”的宏伟规划则是为了治理整个国家的水污染问题。例如“河长制”这样的举措让高级官员承担起减少水污染的职。随着这些行动(的展开)，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$