专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（浙江专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末真题分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解之说明文 （一） （23-24八年级下·宁波镇海·期末C篇） ①Nowadays, many people worry about excessive (过度的) competitions, or “rat race”, can no longer give them a better life. So some have got the idea of “lying flat” (躺平) . They think it is a way to reduce the pressure of modern life. ②“Rat race”, the excessive competitions, happens in every part of life. Parents are stressed to offer their kids the best; Kids must keep up in the educational rat race; Office workers have to work for more than 10 hours a day. People may have to work really hard to make more money or achieve more goals (目标). It leads to more worries and unhappiness. ③However, under the pressure of the society, some people decide to stop achieving their goals such as buying a house, getting good grades, getting into the best school and so on. This situation can be called “lying flat”. Those people lose their love to work and study. Besides, they don’t want to accept new things and can’t keep up with the time. They will be upset and even don’t believe themselves. ④Neither “rat race” nor “lying flat” is welcomed. Instead, we should have a balanced (平衡的) lifestyle and achieve our dreams with proper competitions. Proper competitions happen when we compete healthily—in a way that brings out the best in us. In this way, we won’t be in excessive competitions or live a life without progress. 1. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “reduce”? A. 增加 B. 减少 C. 保持 D. 导致 2. Which of the following is an example of “rat race”? A. Many people don’t want to accept new things. B. Many people only accept proper competitions in work or study. C. Office workers have to work for more than 10 hours a day. D. Parents aren’t stressed to get their kids into the best schools. 3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. Rat race hardly causes worries and unhappiness. B. Excessive competitions only happen at school. C. People truly love their work in the situation of “lying flat”. D. Proper competitions can bring out the best in us. 4. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了现代社会的“内卷”和“躺平”现象，希望大家通过合理竞争来实现梦想、平衡生活。 【1题详解】 词义推断题。根据“lying flat”和“They think it is a way to reduce the pressure of modern life.”可知“躺平”是为了降低生活压力。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“‘Rat race’, the excessive competitions, happens in every part of life.”和“  Office workers have to work for more than 10 hours a day. ”可知内卷的职场人会过度竞争，可能会一天工作超过十个小时。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Proper competitions happen when we compete healthily—in a way that brings out the best in us.”可知当我们健康地竞争时，适当的竞争就会发生——以一种激发我们最好的方式。故选D。 【4题详解】 篇章结构题。第一段引出“躺平”和“内卷”的现象、第二段和第三段分别介绍两种现象、第四段是总结，因此是总分总结构。故选D。 （二） （23-24八年级下·宁波镇海·期末D篇） Does Mickey Mouse wear shorts or suspender pants (背带裤)? Many people believe it’s suspender pants. But the answer is shorts. Is the end of Pikachu’s tail black or yellow? Many people believe it’s black. But it’s not. It is called the “Mandela Effect (曼德拉效应)”. US writer Fiona Broome created this term(术语) in 2009. That year, she found that many people believed former South African president Nelson Mandela had died in the 1980s. However, it’s false (错误的). Mandela was still alive then. He died in 2013. It shows how unreliable (不可靠的) our memory can be. What causes Mandela Effect? Many studies have shown that “feeling sure” about a memory has nothing to do with the facts. What we ▲ change our memory In one study, scientists at Cornell University, US, told college students a story about a man. He walked out without paying the bill. The first group was told that the man “liked to steal”. The second group was told that he left because he got a phone call. One week later, the first group remembered a Fun Tests of the Mandela Effect higher bill—10 to 25% more than the money actually was. The second group remembered a lower bill. The study showed that how we expect or believe things to happen can change our memories. What we imagine change our memory In another study, people watched a film and were asked: “How fast was the white car going when it passed the barn (谷仓)?” Actually there was no barn in the film. But about 20 percent of the students said they had seen it. Parts of the brain for actually seeing an object and imagining an object overlap (重叠). So imagination could leave a memory trace (痕迹) in the brain. 1. What does “Mandela Effect” mean? A. Someone thought Mandela died in the 1980s but it’s not. B. A large number of people share the same false memory. C. Our memories were completely changed as time went by. D. It is difficult to remember the cartoon characters correctly. 2. Which of the following can be put in “What we ▲ change our memory”? A. believe B. imagine C. spend D. listen 3. What can we learn from these two studies? A. Feeling sure about a memory must have something to do with the facts. B. Thirty percent of the students remembered seeing a barn in the film. C. What people imagine could leave a memory trace in the brain. D. The group that believed the man like to steal remember a lower bill. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Something about Mickey Mouse B. Fun Tests of Mandela Effect C. Best Ways to Change Memories D. The Cause of Mandela Effect 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了曼德拉效应，想象力可以在大脑中留下记忆痕迹，并会改变我们的记忆，所以有时我们的记忆并不可靠。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“It shows how unreliable (不可靠的) our memory can be.”可知，“Mandela Effect”指的是许多人都有同样的错误记忆。故选B。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“The study showed that how we expect or believe things to happen can change our memories.”可知，本段主要讲述了我们对事情发生的预期或信念会改变我们的记忆，故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“So imagination could leave a memory trace (痕迹) in the brain.”可知，从两个研究中，我们可以得知想象力可以在大脑中留下记忆痕迹，故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。阅读全文并根据“What causes Mandela Effect? Many studies have shown that ‘feeling sure’ about a memory has nothing to do with the facts.”可知，本文主要讲述了曼德拉效应的原因，故选D。 （三） （23-24八年级下·浙江杭州·上城·期末） The guitar is one of the most popular musical instruments in the world. Many different cultures have played instruments like the guitar for over 3, 000 years. The oldest instrument that we can see today comes from Ancient Egypt. You can see this guitar in a museum in Cairo. It belonged to a singer who sang for the Egyptian queen Hatshepsut. This type of guitar had a long neck and only three strings (弦). The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar, but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear. It usually had more strings than a guitar and they were in pairs. From 1100 to 1500, travelling singers and story tellers played the lute to go with their songs. Guitars sometimes had pairs of strings like the lute, but the guitar changed over time to use single strings. People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy, but the most important change happened in the 1850s. The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. His idea made the sound of the guitar louder and better. Most of today’s classical guitars follow his design. The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s. The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes. Some electric guitars don’t look like guitars at all! 1. Which of the following is a lute? A. B. C. D. 2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Guitars. B. Sounds. C. Shapes. D. Sizes. 3. In which order did the following happen? a. The first electric guitars appeared. b. People used guitars with six single strings in Italy. c. Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. d. Travelling singers played the lute to go with their songs. A. d-b-c-a B. a-c-d-b C. d-a-c-b D. c-d-a-b 4. Why does the writer write the text? A. To discuss the invention of the guitar. B. To introduce the shapes of the guitar. C. To compare the players of the guitar. D. To show the development of the guitar. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了吉他的历史和发展。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar, but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear.”可知，琵琶的琴颈很短，琴身像半个梨，B图片符合，故选B。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes”可知，吉他有不同的形状和大小，所以them指代“guitars”，故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“From 1100 to 1500, travelling singers and story tellers played the lute to go with their songs.”、“People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy”、“The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. ”、“The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s.”可知，按照时间的顺序为：巡回演唱的歌手用琵琶伴奏他们的歌曲—在意大利，人们使用六根单弦的吉他—Antonio Torres Jurado把吉他的琴身做得更大—第一批电吉他出现了，故选A。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了吉他的历史和发展，所以作者写这篇文章是为了展示吉他的发展，故选D。 （四） （23-24八年级下·浙江湖州·期末） People have been looking up and trying to explain what they see in the sky since probably the beginning of time. That would make astronomy (天文学) human’s oldest science, much older than art, math, etc. Here are a few tips to get you started with amateur (业余爱好的) astronomy. Tip 1 Pick your location Try to find a place where there aren’t too many lights. You may need to know your location’s brightness using the Bortle scale (波特尔暗空等级) . The Bortle scale is a way of measuring (测量) the brightness of the night sky for a location. It uses a nine-level scale where “1” means the darkest skies available on Earth. The higher the level, the brighter the sky, and the harder to see stars. You can go to www.lightpollutionmap.info to look up your location’s Bortle level. Tip 2 Get oriented Knowing where north, east, south and west are from your location is also important. The planets rise and set just like the sun. Learning which bright stars and constellations (星座) are able to be seen as the seasons changes will help as well. Tip 3 Choose your equipment The most common and useful equipment are good star apps on your mobile phone. These star apps can tell you what is able to be seen from your location at night, and where to look. You can also find information from your location websites. Of course, binoculars (双筒望远镜) and telescopes (望远镜) can also help you to see more. Tip 4 Other helpful tips Planets like Saturn, Jupiter, Mars and Venus are all quite easy to spot in the night sky when they are in position. If you see something that looks brighter than all the other stars, it’s quite likely a planet. Natural objects aren’t only things to look for through binoculars and telescopes. You’ll often see satellites (人造卫星) passing overhead, and can even see the International Space Station as it passes above you. If you want to get more information, please sign up to become a member at our website: www.planetary.org. 1. Four astronomy fans Peter, James, Harry and Ron are now in different places at night. Whose location’s Bortle level is probably the lowest according to Tip 1? Peter: at Tian’anmen Square James: on a lonely island of the Pacific Ocean Harry: at Disneyland in Hong Kong Ron: in Zhejiang University in Hangzhou A. Peter. B. James. C. Harry. D. Ron 2. Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “set” ? A. We watched the moon setting. B. A set of keys are on the table. C. She set a new world record for the high jump. D. They set up this group to help disabled people. 3. According to the article, star apps can tell ________ at night. A. where you are on earth B. how far you are from the stars C. whether it is too bright to see stars D. which stars you can see from your location 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. This article is written for experts on astronomy. B. It’s impossible for common people to learn about stars. C. The International Space Station can be seen when it passes above us. D. Planets are difficult to find in the night sky because they are not so bright. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了业余天文学入门的几个小贴士。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It uses a nine-level scale where “1” means the darkest skies available on Earth. The higher the level, the brighter the sky, and the harder to see stars.”可知，波特尔暗空等级使用了九个等级，其中“1”表示地球上最黑暗的天空。级别越高天空越亮，越难看到星星。分析选项可知选项B“在太平洋的一个孤岛上”是最暗的，其他地方灯光都比较明亮。故选B。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第六段“The planets rise and set just like the sun.”中set是“落下”的意思。而选项A“我们看着月亮落下。”中set也是“落下”。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第八段“These star apps can tell you what is able to be seen from your location at night, and where to look.”可知，这些星星应用程序可以告诉你晚上从你的位置可以看到什么星星，以及在哪里看。故选D。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“You’ll often see satellites passing overhead, and can even see the International Space Station as it passes above you.”可知，当国际空间站经过我们头顶时，我们可以看到它。故选C。 （五） （23-24八年级下·浙江金华东阳·期末） Few students like it, but homework is an important part of middle school life in the UK. The UK has these government rules for homework: Years 7 and 8 (ages 11 to 13): 45 to 90 minutes per day; Year 9 (ages 14 to 15): 1 to 2 hours a day. Today, many homework tasks are done on a computer—for example, preparing PPT, using the Internet, or doing online tasks. So schools are usually open before and after normal hours. That way, students without computers or Internet at home can use the schools’ facilities (设施). Sometimes students are given “extended (拓展的) learning tasks”. That means they need to do more research and analysis, such as when working on a history or art project. But however big the task is, teachers will always give feedback (反馈). They help students find areas where they can improve. Some schools send students home with a homework diary. They encourage parents to check on their children’s progress. Other schools have a website for parents to track their children’s performance every day. Sadly, not every parent takes that much interest. In a 2011 survey of 1,000 students aged 11 to 18, over one in ten said that they did not have space at home to do homework. Almost 15 percent said that their family did not support them enough. 1. How long should UK students at the age of 11 to 13 do their homework per day? A. Less than 45 minutes. B. 45 to 90 minutes. C. 60 to 90 minutes. D. 1 to 2 hours. 2. If students don’t have a computer at home, how can they finish their online homework? A. They can go to the teacher’s home after school. B. They don’t have to finish their homework. C. They can use the computers at school. D. They can ask their classmates for help. 3. What can we learn from the survey in 2011? A. UK parents took much interest in their children’s studies. B. Over 10 percent of the students had no space at home to do homework. C. Some parents did not know about the government rules. D. The homework diary works very well in the UK. 4. What might the writer agree according to the passage? A. Homework doesn’t play an important role in students’ learning. B. Families should support students’ studies. C. Extended learning tasks make students work for long hours. D. Parents should give homework feedback at once. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国中学生家庭作业的情况，包括作业时间、完成方式、教师反馈以及家长参与等方面，同时也指出了部分家长对孩子学习支持不足的问题。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The UK has these government rules for homework: Years 7 and 8 (ages 11 to 13): 45 to 90 minutes per day”可知，英国11到13岁的学生每天应该做45到90分钟的作业。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“So schools are usually open before and after normal hours. That way, students without computers or Internet at home can use the schools’ facilities”可知，如果学生家里没有电脑，他们可以在学校使用电脑完成在线作业。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In a 2011 survey of 1,000 students aged 11 to 18, over one in ten said that they did not have space at home to do homework”可知，2011年的调查显示，超过10%的学生在家里没有做作业的空间。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sadly, not every parent takes that much interest. In a 2011 survey of 1,000 students aged 11 to 18, over one in ten said that they did not have space at home to do homework. Almost 15 percent said that their family did not support them enough”可知，作者通过调查数据指出了部分家长对孩子学习支持不足的问题，因此可以推断作者认为家庭应该支持学生的学习。故选B。 （六） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波慈溪·期末B篇） Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia, about 200 kilometers north of Brisbane. It is about 120 kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide. It is completely made of sand. In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long beach along the east coast. Planes arrive and leave from here. The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand. Nothing grows on them. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island, getting bigger and bigger. At other places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge, the Cathedrals and Red Canyon, the sandy rocks have different colors. Sometimes the rocks are so brown that they turn the sea brown, like coffee. Surprisingly, the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals. There are dark forests, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes. There are many kinds of birds, like owls and curlews. There are many animals there, too, such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes. About 500,000 people visit the island every year to see the island’s beauty and nature. People enjoy camping and hiking there. Unluckily, the visitors create problems. They damage (毁坏) plants and frighten animals. Their sun cream makes the water dirty. So it is necessary for the government to manage (管理) the visitors. For example, people must not damage plants or frighten animals while camping or hiking in the forests, they must not use motor boats or go fishing in the lakes, and they need government papers to drive there. 1. What can we know about Fraser Island from the passage? A. No one can get there by plane. B. Few people know about it. C. There are no living things on it. D. It is a beautiful sand island. 2. The underlined word “them” (in Para.2) refers to ______. A. the sand hills B. the dark forests C. the brown seas D. the long beaches 3. What is the passage mainly about? A. The life on Fraser Island. B. The nature on Fraser Island. C. The history of Fraser Island. D. The culture of Fraser Island. 4. What does the writer advise in order to protect Fraser Island? A. People should plant more trees and beautiful flowers on the sand hills. B. No visitors should go deep into the forests for camping and hiking. C. The government should take actions to stop visitors damaging nature. D. The number of visitors to the island should be kept under 500,000 per year. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了弗雷泽沙岛的地理位置、独特的地理面貌——这座岛由沙子组成以及岛上特殊的动植物。最后作者提到游客们对岛屿的破坏行为并提出应采取的措施。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It is completely made of sand.”以及“Surprisingly, the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals. There are dark forests, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes.”可知，弗雷泽沙岛是一个美丽沙岛。故选D。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand. Nothing grows on them.”可知，这里有沙子堆成的小山。他们身上什么也不长。因此划线单词代指的是“沙丘”。故选A。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia, about 200 kilometers north of Brisbane.”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文介绍了弗雷泽沙岛的地理位置、独特的地理面貌——这座岛由沙子组成以及岛上特殊的动植物。由此可知，本文主要介绍弗雷泽沙岛自然景观。故选B。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“So it is necessary for the government to manage (管理) the visitors. For example, people must not damage plants or frighten animals while camping or hiking in the forests, they must not use motor boats or go fishing in the lakes, and they need government papers to drive there.”可知，政府应该采取措施阻止游客破坏自然。故选C。 （七） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波慈溪·期末D篇） Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you. Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t try to talk about something with your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you are shouting at them. Go somewhere else to cool off. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you think you can’t speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter to them. Try to understand your parents. Your parents may think differently from you. Tell your parents what you think, what you care about and why. Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. Put yourself in their shoes and you may find a better way out. Michael’s mother didn’t agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to an agreement. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. It is also important to show your love to your parents. Try to do some small things at home, like making them a cup of tea, helping do some chores, and so on. It helps to keep your relationship closer. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. 1. The passage is mainly written for ________. A. parents B. teachers C. adults D. children 2. Your parents will probably not listen to you if you ________. A. speak to them angrily B. never do housework at home C. write a letter to them D. don’t make them a cup of tea 3. The story of Michael (in Para.3) shows that it’s important to ________. A. go somewhere else to cool off B. put yourself in your parents’ shoes C. show your love to your parents D. think differently from your parents 4. Doing small things at home can make your parents feel that ________. A. you’re a happy kid B. you love doing chores C. you care about them D. you want to buy something 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了父母和各个年龄段的孩子之间的沟通问题并给出了一些建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you.”可知，这篇文章主要是给孩子们写的。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you are shouting at them.”可知，如果你对父母大喊大叫，他们可能不会听你的。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Put yourself in their shoes and you may find a better way out.”可知，站在你父母的角度想想是十分重要的。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据“It is also important to show your love to your parents. Try to do some small things at home, like making them a cup of tea, helping do some chores, and so on.”可推知，在家里做一些小事可以让你的父母感觉到你关心他们。故选C。 （八） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波奉化·期末） ①PUA stands for “Pick-up Artist.” It started as a term for people who use clever ways to influence their interactions (交流) with others, especially between lovers. This idea has grown, and now it also means people use tricks to control others in the workplace and online. It’s very helpful to know about PUA because it can deeply influence how you feel about your development. Here are some common behaviors to be careful. ②Sometimes people who use PUA tricks criticize a lot. They might tell you that you’re always doing things wrong. It is just a way to make you feel sorry about yourself rather than helping you improve. They may also try to keep you away from your friends and family. This makes you depend on them, and gives them more control over you. Another trick is called gaslighting (煤气灯效应). For example, you remember something clearly, but they keep saying it didn’t happen. They want you to doubt (怀疑) what you know is true. ③To avoid PUA behaviors, there are several steps you can take. First, learn to tell what healthy friendships and relationships look like. Being confident is also important because it will be not so easy for others to trick you. Besides, you should be brave to say no when something feels wrong. What’s more, talking to someone you trust like a teacher can be very useful. ④Knowing these signs and how to deal with them can help you have better relationships. It’s like building a strong foundation (基础) for happy and healthy relationships as you get older. 1. What is TRUE about PUA behavior? A. PUA only happens between lovers. B. People may use PUA to control others in workplace and online. C. PUA can help you have better relationships when you get older. D. PUA will influence how other people think of you and your development. 2. Which of the following sentence shows the underlined word “criticize”? A. “If you have any problems, you can ask me for help.” B. “Sorry, it didn’t happen. I think you didn’t remember well.” C. “You are always making mistakes! What you do is wrong!” D. “Keep away from your friend, or you will become a bad student, too.” 3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps to use PUA to control others. B. Reasons for why students can’t use PUA. C. Ways to build a healthy relationship. D. Advice on how to avoid PUA behaviors. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Say “NO” to PUA! B. Let’s PUA Together! C. Is it Good to PUA? D. How do You Deal with PUA? 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是PUA，以及如何避免PUA。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“This idea has grown, and now it also means people use tricks to control others in the workplace and online.”可知，人们可能在职场和网络上利用PUA控制他人。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“They might tell you that you’re always doing things wrong. It is just a way to make you feel sorry about yourself rather than helping you improve.”可知，他们可能告诉你，你一直做错事，这只是一种让你觉得自己很糟糕，并不是帮你进步，由此可知，critize意为“批评”。选项C“你总是在犯错！你都做错了！”符合语境。故选C。 【3题详解】 段落大意题。根据“To avoid PUA behaviors, there are several steps you can take.”可知，第3段主要介绍了避免PUA的一些做法。故选D。 【4题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“Knowing these signs and how to deal with them can help you have better relationships. It’s like building a strong foundation (基础) for happy and healthy relationships as you get older.”可知，本文主要介绍了什么是PUA，以及如何避免PUA。由此可知，选项A“向PUA说‘不’！”作为标题最为合适。故选A。 （九） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波海曙·期末C篇） ①Do you often help your parents do any chores? Do you know how to store the food in the fridge correctly? In fact, food safety is important. However, eating food not kept correctly could make you sick. The fridge is a perfect choice to keep food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box. Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly. ②Put your food on the right shelf. As we know, in the fresh-keeping area, the higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. So we can make use of different temperatures to keep food fresh. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers or cream cakes on top shelves. The middle shelves are suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as yogurt. Bottom shelves are perfect for storing raw (生的) meat and seafood. ③Keep proper temperature. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5℃ and 60℃. If you want to get the most out of your food, the temperature in your fresh-keeping area needs to be between 0℃ and 5℃. The freezer (冷冻室) temperature should be below -18℃. ④Store the fruit and vegetables at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dry and dark place, away from direct sunlight or sources of heat. Once cut, they should be put in the fridge at once. ⑤In a word, everyone should pay attention to food safety. Hope these tips can help you keep your food fresh for as long as possible. 1. What does the underlined sentence probably mean in Para.1? A. The fridge can’t keep all the food safe and fresh. B. The fridge is very magical to make food fresh. C. We have no choice but to store food in the fridge. D. We can put all kinds of foods in the fridge. 2. Which of the following is a correct way to store food? A. Put milk and cheese on top shelves. B. Store burgers and pizza on bottom shelves. C. Keep proper temperature to slow the growing of bacteria. D. Cut the fruit and store them at the room temperature. 3. What is the writing purpose of this passage? A. To ask people to do more chores. B. To teach people how to store food correctly. C. To tell people the importance of the fridge. D. To advice people to eat more healthy food. 4. How is the above passage organized? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些在冰箱里储存食物的技巧。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“The fridge is a perfect choice to keep food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box.”可知，冰箱是保持食物安全和新鲜的完美选择，划线句子表示转折，应该是说“冰箱不能保证所有食物的安全和新鲜”。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Keep proper temperature. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast.”可知，保持适当的温度可以减缓细菌的生长。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly.”可知，本文主要介绍了一些在冰箱里储存食物的技巧。故选B。 【4题详解】 篇章结构题。通读文章可知，第一段引出食物储存的话题；第二三四段介绍储存食物的方法；第五段总结，因此文章的结构是总分总。故选D。 （十） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波海曙·期末D篇） Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space? Have you ever imagined raising fish in space? Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality! On April 26, three astronauts in Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship (神舟十八号载人航天飞船) successfully entered the space station. They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics. The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen (氧气), keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself. Why zebrafish? Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans. “The result of this experiment is very precious for it is China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems(生态系统). Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” a professor told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists know how the human body reacts to space conditions. The Shenzhou XVIII is expected to return to the earth after six months in space. Right now, China is going to finish picking its new astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station tasks and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon. 1. The fish tank was taken into space station to help astronauts . A. raise fish and mice B. carry out experiments C. entertain their freetime D. provide enough oxygen 2. Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space according to Para.4? ①They are easy to feed in the spaceship. ②They share over two-thirds of genes with humans. ③They can live without oxygen in the fish tank. ④They can control the temperature and lighting. A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ③④ 3. The above passage is probably taken from the magazine . A. B. C. D. 4. The best title of the passage could be . A. Flying to the Moon B. Raising Mice in Space C. The First Manned Landing D. Working on Space Experiments 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟十八号载人飞船将在太空完成的任务和意义。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics.”以及“The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it.”可知，鱼缸被带到了空间站，以帮助宇航员进行实验。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans.”可知，因为它们在宇宙飞船里很容易喂养并且它们与人类有超过三分之二的基因相同。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space? Have you ever imagined raising fish in space? Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality!”可知，本文可能摘自于杂志的太空部分。故选C。 【4题详解】 最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了神舟十八号载人飞船将在太空完成的任务和意义。因此文章的最佳标题为“从事太空实验”。故选D。 （十一） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波鄞州·期末C篇） On May 7, Yinzhou District shared the list of four-season activities, including 88 themed festivals for the Cultural Tourism Season 2024. You can watch, play, and enjoy them in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, taking yourself to“play throughout the four seasons”. It’s a way to show off the achievements of cultural and tourism development in Yinzhou. Each town will host a main festival for each season and a special event each month. Spring time in Yinzhou is marked by the Coffee Life Festival, where you can enjoy the good smell and taste of coffee. Nature lovers can hike in Tangxi Town to enjoy mountain view. At the right time for mulberry picking, the Mulberry Festival at the Tiangong Zhuangyuan allows you to fully enjoy mulberries.You can go to Xianxiang Town to try seafood and watch performances on the beach. Summer heats up with the Three Rivers and Six Banks Hiking activity, offering relaxing walks along the rivers. The “Yinzhou Night” in the Southern Business District promises a lively evening. Yunlong Town hosts a Dragon Boat Festival, where you can watch exciting races. Autumn brings a harvest feel with the event in Hengxi Town. Here, you can experience traditional wood crafts and dragon dances performances. You can come to the Autumn Harvest Games to try activities of rice cutting and making straw handicrafts to experience the beauty of labor. The winter in Yinzhou starts from the flavor of a new year. You can enjoy the themed activity of “Our Festival · Lantern Festival” in Zhanqi Town, the activity of “Tiantong Celebrating the Lantern Festival” in Dongwu Town. You can go to Ningbo Cultural Square to welcome the arrival of the New Year together in the shining fireworks. Yinzhou’s Cultural Tourism Season is a year-long journey through the district’s rich traditions and modern attractions. 1. What does the Cultural Tourism Season want to show? A. The best places to eat in Yinzhou. B. The history of Yinzhou’s sports events. C. The most famous artists from Yinzhou. D. The progress of Yinzhou’s culture and tourism. 2. What can you do in summer in Yinzhou in 2024? A. Learn about rice harvesting. B. Watch the Dragon Boat races. C. Enjoy the Coffee Life Festival. D. Take part in winter lantern shows. 3. What does the underlined word “labor” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. work B. nature C. autumn D. activity 4. How can people welcome the New Year at Ningbo Cultural Square? A. In the shining fireworks. B. With a hiking activity along the rivers. C. With a lantern festival and traditional markets. D. Through a beach performance and seafood tasting. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了鄞州区文化旅游季2024年四季活动丰富，展示文化与旅游发展成果，各镇每月均有特色节庆，邀您尽享四季游玩之乐。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s a way to show off the achievements of cultural and tourism development in Yinzhou.”可知，此次文化旅游季展示了鄞州的文化旅游发展方面所取得的成就。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Yunlong Town hosts a Dragon Boat Festival, where you can watch exciting races.”可知，夏季游客可以观看精彩的龙舟赛。故选B。 【3题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段“You can come to the Autumn Harvest Games to try activities of rice cutting and making straw handicrafts to experience the beauty of labor.”可知，动手制作目的是体验劳动之美，可推测labor与work意思相近。故选A。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“You can go to Ningbo Cultural Square to welcome the arrival of the New Year together in the shining fireworks.”可知，人们欢迎新年到来的方式是放烟花，在灿烂的烟花中迎接新的一年。故选A。 （十二） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波鄞州·期末D篇） There were some very clever inventions in ancient China. These inventions may look strange to us, but they have changed the world. Ancient tooth-cleaning brushes Have you ever wondered how ancient people brushed their teeth? Were there any toothbrushes in the past? Before toothbrushes were invented, people in ancient China used willow branches (柳枝) to clean their teeth. Some people even bit one end of a willow branch to clear the bits food on the teeth. This was like a simple toothbrush. About 1,000 years ago, people in ancient China started to make brushes to clean their teeth. They probably developed the earliest form of tooth-cleaning brushes in the world. The handles (手柄) of these brushes were made of bamboo or bone. The bristles (刷子毛) were made from pig hair. As pig hair was very hard, people later used horse-tail hair instead. These early toothbrushes were very similar to the ones we use today. It’s really amazing to think about how this invention has lasted so long! Ancient football boots Look at these boots! If you think they are rainboots or working boots, you are completely wrong. These cool-looking boots are ancient football boots from China. It is believed that they were probably made 1,000 years ago. The ancient Chinese football game was called cuju. It was quite popular 1,000 years ago. The boots are quite like the football boots that are worn today. At that time, cuju boots were made of ox skin. This hard material could help protect cuju players’ feet. There were also round metal studs (金属钉) on the soles (鞋底). With these metal studs on the bottom of the boots, cuju players could run faster on soft grass or on a muddy field. Ancient Chinese people were certainly smart! 1. How did the tooth-cleaning brushes change? A. Willow leaves → pig-hair bristles → bone brushes. B. Willow leaves → bone bristles → horse-tail bristles. C. Willow branches → pig-hair bristles → horse-tail bristles. D. Willow branches → bamboo bristles→ horse-tail bristles. 2. What can we learn about the ancient Chinese people from the tooth-cleaning brushes? A. They had no knowledge of teeth health. B. They were not interested in personal cleaning. C. They only cared about the appearance of their teeth. D. They were clever and found solutions to everyday problems. 3. Which part of the boots could help cuju players run faster on special grounds? A. The ox skin. B. The metal studs. C. The handles. D. The holes. 4. Which part of a magazine is the text probably taken from? A. Sports News. B. Chinese art. C. Ancient Life. D. Science Study. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代的两种聪明的发明，古代牙刷和古代足球鞋。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Before toothbrushes were invented, people in ancient China used willow branches(柳枝) to clean their teeth...The handles(手柄) of these brushes were made of bamboo or bone. The bristles(刷子毛) were made from pig hair. As pig hair was very hard, people later used horse-tail hair instead.”可知，牙刷一开始是用的柳枝，后来用了猪毛用作牙刷毛，最后改用了马尾毛。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Ancient tooth-cleaning brushes”部分的内容可知，在牙刷演变的过程中，古人对牙刷不断进行了改进，非常聪明。选项D“他们很聪明，找到了解决日常问题的措施。”符合原文。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There were also round metal studs(金属钉) on the soles(鞋底). With these metal studs on the bottom of the boots, cuju players could run faster on soft grass or on a muddy field.”可知，鞋底有圆的金属钉，可以帮助蹴鞠选手在草地或泥地里跑得更快。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国的古代发明，可推测在讲述“古代生活”的杂志中出现。故选C。 （十三） （23-24八年级下·浙江衢州·期末） ①Pain is a common experience in everyday life. What causes pain? Pain hurts us, but could it be good for us? Is pain in fact helpful? It is really important to know more about it. ②Pain is the body’s way to tell us that something is wrong so that we stop what we are doing to protect the body. For example, if you break your leg, pain stops you from walking on it. If you didn’t feel any pain, you would continue walking around and you could hurt your leg more. But why does it continue to hurt even after you have stopped walking on your hurt leg? That is because your body needs you to relax in order to get better. ③But how does pain work? We have special cells (细胞) in our skin, our eyes, and inside our bodies, too. When something goes wrong, they send messages to the brain (大脑). The brain then makes us feel pain so we will stop doing whatever is causing the pain. Put your hand on a hot cup, and your hand’s cells tell your brain. You are able to quickly move your hand away from the cup. At the same time, your brain gets the message that something is wrong and you need to care for your hand. It all happens in less than a second. ④But did you know that the brain itself cannot feel pain? In fact, when doctors cut into the brain, they do not put the person to sleep. Because the person does not feel any pain in the brain, it is thought to be much safer if the person is awake while the doctor works. 1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Pain helps protect our body. B. Pain makes our body relaxed. C. Pain stops us from walking. D. Pain makes our legs stronger. 2. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Cells. B. Eyes. C. Bodies. D. Hands. 3. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了关于疼痛的一些信息。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Pain is the body’s way to tell us that something is wrong so that we stop what we are doing to protect the body.”可知，第二段主要介绍疼痛帮助保护我们的身体。故选A。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“We have special cells (细胞) in our skin, our eyes, and inside our bodies, too. When something goes wrong, they send messages to the brain (大脑).”可知，当出现问题时，细胞会向大脑发送信息，故选A。 【3题详解】 篇章结构题。第一段总述告诉我们了解疼痛很重要；第二段介绍疼痛帮助保护我们的身体；第三段介绍疼痛是如何产生的；第四段介绍大脑自己感受不到疼痛，因此本文的结构是总—分，故选C。 （十四） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州三门·期末C篇） When I was a teenager, my parents were never interested in the music I liked. They always said to me, “David, the music you listen to is noisy. Why do you like listening to it so much?” At the same time, they described the music that they liked as “beautiful”. In fact, they are not the only ones who have this opinion. As I’ve grown older, I’ve often heard my friends say, “Today’s music is terrible.” Many older people just don’t like new music. But why is that? The exposure effect (曝光效应) may explain this. It means the more familiar (熟悉的) we are with something, the more probably we will like it. When we are in our early teens, we usually spend a lot of time listening to popular music and discussing it with our friends. We come to understand the new songs and artists during this time really well. After we become 30 years old, we are busy working and raising our families. We don’t have much time to look for new music. Instead, we like to listen to our old favorite songs that bring us back to our happy and simple days. According to studies, when we are 33 years old, most of us will completely stop exploring new music. But I think there is another reason why older people dislike new music. Most popular music, after all, is not written for them. It is made for young people. Some kinds of music began by young people as ways to fight against out-of-date things. These kinds include punk, rap, hip-hop, heavy metal and more. Younger people love them naturally. Do your parents hate the music you like, too? Now, after reading this article, you know there is nothing wrong with that. 1. According to the passage, many older people dislike new music because ________. A. it makes them upset and they don’t want to waste their time B. it sounds terrible and the songs bring them back to sad days C. they don’t understand the difficult words and hate the artists D. they don’t know it well and it’s mostly written for the young 2. The underlined word “exploring” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A. looking for B. trying out C. giving up D. setting up 3. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. New music will become more popular with older people. B. Older people will try to listen to different kinds of new music. C. People will know it’s normal that older people dislike new music. D. More beautiful and simple songs will be written for older people. 4. This passage mainly talks about ________. A. different kinds of music in the world B. people’s different opinions on new music C. the great importance of the exposure effect D. the reasons why older people dislike new music 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了为什么许多老年人不喜欢新音乐。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“We don’t have much time to look for new music. Instead, we like to listen to our old favorite songs that bring us back to our happy and simple days…Most popular music, after all, is not written for them. It is made for young people”可知，很多老年人不喜欢新音乐是因为他们对新音乐不熟悉，而且这种音乐大多是为年轻人创作的。故选D。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“According to studies, when we are 33 years old, most of us will completely stop exploring new music.”可知，作者在这部分讨论的是寻求新音乐的时间减少，“exploring”作为动词表示“寻找”的意思。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Now, after reading this article, you know there is nothing wrong with that.”以及之前的内容分析可知，许多人会理解年长者不喜欢新音乐是正常现象。故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要分析了为什么许多年长的人不喜欢新音乐的原因。故选D。 （十五） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州三门·期末D篇） ①Do you find it hard to say “no” when someone asks you for help? Do you feel sorry when you have to tell people that you really can’t help them? And do you often pretend (假装) to agree with people even though you think differently? If you answered “yes” to these questions, you may be a “people-pleaser”. ②Being friendly and helpful is a good thing. It helps you build friendships. However, trying to please (取悦) others without considering your own happiness can make you stressed. Luckily, there are some steps that you can take to stop being a people-pleaser. ③To start with, it’s important to know your limits (限度) and make “boundaries” (界限) in your life. Be clear about what you would like to do. You can also tell others that you are only available for a certain period of time. ④When someone asks you for help, tell him or her that you need some time to think about it. Use this time to ask yourself: Do you really want to do this? How much time will it take? By giving yourself some time to think, you’ll be better able to truly decide if it’s something you have the interest and time to do. ⑤People always try to please others because they have little confidence (自信) in themselves. They don’t consider their own need and interest. In this situation, you can try meaningful self-talk. Remind yourself that you have dreams, too. You don’t have to waste your time to do things that don’t bring you joy. ⑥Making a sudden change can be hard, so start by taking small steps. You may, for example, send a message to say “no”. Then, continue to say “no” face to face. Practice this in kinds of situations, such as talking to a salesperson or ordering at a restaurant. ⑦Stopping being a people-pleaser doesn’t mean you have to give up being kind and helpful altogether. You can still do good things, but on your own situations. 1. The writer starts the passage by ________. A. giving examples B. asking questions C. telling stories D. listing numbers 2. According to the passage, what can people do to stop being a people-pleaser? a. Set limits in your life. b. Think after you help others. c. Build up confidence. d. Start by taking small steps. A. abc B. a bd C. acd D. bcd 3. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 4. The writer wrote the passage most probably to ________. A. advise us not always to please others B. help us build confidence in ourselves C. encourage us to help people in need D. make us be clear about our dreams 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是讨好型人格，以及讨好型人格的风险，并介绍了如何做才能让自己不再成为讨好别人的人。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Do you find it hard to say ‘no’ when someone asks you for help? Do you feel sorry when you have to tell people that you really can’t help them? And do you often pretend (假装) to agree with people even though you think differently?”可知，作者通过问问题开始了这篇文章。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“To start with, it’s important to know your limits (限度) and make ‘boundaries’ (界限) in your life.”、“People always try to please others because they have little confidence (自信) in themselves.”和“Making a sudden change can be hard, so start by taking small steps.”可知，要摆脱取悦他人的倾向，可以设定生活限度、建立自信和从小步骤开始。故选C。 【3题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段通过问题开头，讲述什么是“取悦他人的人”；第二段介绍我们要停止取悦他人；第三、四、五和第六段给出一些措施来停止取悦他人；最后一段进行总结。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Stopping being a people-please r doesn’t mean you have to give up being kind and helpful altogether. You can still do good things, but on your own situations.”可知，文章主要建议我们不要总是去取悦别人。故选A。 （十六） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴新昌·期末B篇） The 9th Asian Winter Games will be held in Harbin next year. The slogan (口号), emblem (徽章) and mascots (吉祥物) for the Games were shown to the public in January, 2024. The slogan of the Games is “Dream of Winter, Love among Asia”. The words “Dream of Winter” show people’s common love for winter sports. The words “Love among Asia” show Asian people’s shared hope for friendship. The emblem of the Games was created by a team from Tsinghua University. It looks like the Chinese character “九”, which means the 9th Asian Winter Games. It also looks like the Chinese character “合”, telling the Chinese people’s wish to get together with Asian friends. In the emblem, there are elements (元素) like a short track speed skater’s sprinting posture (冲刺的姿势), the city flower of Harbin and the sign of the Olympic of Asia—the red sun. Mascots of the Games are a pair of cute Siberian tigers, called “Binbin” and “Nini”. Binbin represents the ice events, and Nini represents the snow events. The name “Binbin” is taken from the word “Harbin”, while the name “Nini” comes from the sound of “您” (You in English). So, when put together, they mean: “You are welcome to Harbin.” 1. Which of the following is NOT in the emblem? A. The shape of a skater. B. The wish of getting together. C. The slogan of the Games. D. The sign of the Olympic of Asia. 2. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to (指)? A. Binbin and Nini. B. The ice events. C. Harbin and You. D. The snow events. 3. Why did the writer write this passage? A. To ask people to watch the Asian Winter Games in Harbin. B. To encourage people to take part in the 9th Asian Winter Games C. To ask people to buy the mascots of the 9th Asian Winter Games. D. To introduce some information about the 9th Asian Winter Games. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了第九届亚冬会的吉祥物、会徽和口号的含义和象征意义。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In the emblem, there are elements (元素) like a short track speed skater’s sprinting posture (冲刺的姿势), the city flower of Harbin and the sign of the Olympic of Asia—the red sun.”可知，会徽上有短道速滑运动员的冲刺姿势、团聚的愿望和奥林匹克的标志，没有口号。故选C。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“The name ‘Binbin’ is taken from the word ‘Harbin’, while the name ‘Nini’ comes from the sound of ‘您’ (You in English). So, when put together, they mean: ‘You are welcome to Harbin.’”可知，they指的是“Binbin”和“Nini”。故选A。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是第九届亚冬会的吉祥物、会徽和口号等信息。故选D。 （十七） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴新昌·期末D篇） Did you go on a long train or bus journey (旅行)? Did you feel tired during the journey? Have you ever wondered why you feel tired on a long journey, even when you’ve been sitting the whole time? Research has found that feeling tired is actually a symptom (症状) of motion sickness (晕动病). Almost everyone will become motion sick. And about one person in three is very sensitive (敏锐的) to motion sickness. Research has found that while passengers are traveling, their brains (大脑) are working hard to process (加工) the motion of the vehicle (车辆) . And they may feel a mismatch (不协调) between what their feelings are telling them and what their bodies expect to feel. Changes in speed, turning corners, and stopping and starting are motions that our bodies are not really used to, and these can make us feel unwell. Some people may get sickness faster than others. But it has been found that the longer you travel, the more likely you are to feel sick. Even the activities we do while traveling can have an effect (影响) on how we feel. Passing the time by reading a book or watching a film can create further sensory confusion (感觉困惑) , as our attention is no longer focused on processing the vehicle’s motion. To cut down the effect of motion sickness, you should sit as far forward in a vehicle as possible, there you can feel less motion. You can also get a window seat. And it can also help to close your eyes and sleep. 1. How did the writer lead into the topic (话题) ? A. By telling stories. B. By asking questions. C. By listing numbers. D. By giving examples. 2. On a bus of 36 passengers, how many are possibly very sensitive to motion sickness? A. About 10. B. About 12. C. About 13. D. About 18. 3. What is paragraph (段落) 3 mainly about? A. How motion sickness happens. B. What motion sickness is like. C. How people solve motion sickness. D. What results motion sickness causes. 4. Which of the following can be put into in paragraph 4? A. The reason is very clear. B. Their brains are working harder. C. We still can’t know why clearly. D. They’re sensitive to motion sickness. 5. What can we do if you want to feel less tired during a long bus journey? ①Have a sleep. ②Sit at the back of a vehicle. ③Sit in the front of a vehicle. ④Try hard to feel motion sickness. A. ①② B. ②④ C. ①③ D. ③④ 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了晕动病的原因，表现以及防范晕动病的具体方法。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中第一段“Did you go on a long train or bus journey? Did you feel tired during the journey? Have you ever wondered why you feel tired on a long journey, even when you’ve been sitting the whole time?”可知，作者以询问问题的方式开始话题。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第二段中“And about one person in three is very sensitive to motion sickness.”可知，大约三分之一的人会对晕动病很敏感，题干中的36人，其三分之一为12人。故选B。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文中第三段“ Changes in speed, turning corners, and stopping and starting are motions that our bodies are not really used to, and these can make us feel unwell.”可知，本段主要讲述了晕动病是如何发生。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第四段中“Some people may get sickness faster than others.”及下文“But it has been found that the longer you travel…”可知，空前后出现转折，空处应该讲的是不太清楚导致一些人比另一些人更快得晕动病的原因。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中最后一段中“To cut down the effect of motion sickness, you should sit as far forward in a vehicle as possible”及“it can also help to close your eyes and sleep.”可知，坐在车的前排和闭眼休息可以更好地防范晕动病。故选C。 （十八） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州临海·期末C篇） ①There is a saying, “You are what you eat.” How about, you are what you read? Many people believe reading can shape your identity (身份). ②Your identity is who or what you are and what you do. Books, magazines or even websites you often read or visit change the way you think and what you believe in, then decide the things you do. ③For example, an 8-year-old boy has read that throwing rubbish about is polluting and killing the earth, then he will believe it is bad and won’t do it again. This is the message he’ll share with the people around him. And they will see him as someone who loves the earth. This becomes part of his identity—an earth-lover. ④Research has shown that reading also changes the way you interact with (相互影响) people around you. Reading stories helps you imagine and understand situations and others better. You will be more open-minded, less self-centered and more caring. People may see you as someone who is warm-hearted, and that becomes part of your identity. ⑤It is important to read as it can shape your identity. Reading different kinds of books can help you become what you want to be. Read biographies (传记) of people who encourages you if you want to be more like them. If you want to be a creative writer, read more fiction books. If you want to be a songwriter, read more poetry! ⑥So, go on! Pick up a book today and read! A new YOU is waiting for you! 1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Killing the earth. B. Reading books. C. Polluting the earth. D. Throwing rubbish about. 2. From Paragraph 5, we know that reading makes a difference to one’s ________. A. mind B. job C. body D. hobby 3. What is the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 4. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A. To call on us to read more books. B. To give us advice on how to read. C. To help us to understand what identity is. D. To advise us to change our reading habits. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了阅读可以塑造人的身份。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“an 8-year-old boy has read that throwing rubbish about is polluting and killing the earth, then he will believe it is bad...”可知，乱扔垃圾会污染和毁坏地球，“it”指代的是“乱扔垃圾”这种不良行为。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“If you want to be a creative writer, read more fiction books. If you want to be a songwriter, read more poetry!”可知，阅读对人们从事的工作有影响。故选B。 【3题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章属于总分总结构，第一段是总的概括全文，阅读可以塑造人的身份；第二段和第三段讲阅读可以影响人的思维和行为；第四段讲阅读会改变你与周围人的相处方式；第五段讲阅读会影响人们从事的工作；第六段总结全文，号召大家一起阅读塑造新的自己。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第六段内容可知，作者的写作意图是号召大家多阅读。故选A。 （十九） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州临海·期末D篇） For most human history, the stars shone brightly in a dark night sky. But today, with many man-made lights, it is difficult for us to watch some wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies (星系). This is in fact a kind of light pollution. According to scientific research, you can see about 2, 500 stars without using any special tools. But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from the countryside, and no more than 10 stars from a city. In most big cities, people cannot see stars like they did in their childhood. The main reasons of more brightness of the night sky are industrialization (工业化) and the growing use of outdoor LEDs, which are much brighter than traditional lighting. It brings a lot of bad results. Scientists find it hard to see the stars and planets. And too much light might make birds lose their ways at night. Some insects (昆虫) often fly towards light and may knock into buildings and lose lives. Sometimes light pollution makes us have sleeping problems. Small actions, big changes. To stop things from going worse, we should use the right amount (数量) of light, in the right place and at the right time. Using yellow-colored light instead of white light, shining lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky are also helpful. We’d better remind people around us to help cut down light pollution as well. Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the beauty of the night sky again and all wildlife will live a peaceful life! 1. How does the writer support his idea in Paragraph 2? A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers. C. By asking questions. D. By giving examples. 2. According to Paragraph 3, which are the results of light pollution? ①Scientists see stars clearly. ②Birds get lost easily. ③Many insects may die. ④Some people feel sick. A. ①②④ B. ①②③ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Light pollution mainly comes from the nature. B. The brighter the sky, the fewer stars you can see. C. Traditional lighting is brighter than LED lighting. D. White lights are much better for the environment. 4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean? A. If you want to see stars, we must make changes. B. It’s of great importance to cut down light pollution. C. We can do simple things to cut down light pollution. D. There are a lot of ways of cutting down light pollution. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了光污染及其危害。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据“According to scientific research, you can see about 2, 500 stars without using any special tools.”可知是通过列举数字的方式来支持他的观点，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“And too much light might make birds lose their ways at night. Some insects (昆虫) often fly towards light and may knock into buildings and lose lives. Sometimes light pollution makes us have sleeping problems.”可知过多的光线可能会让鸟类在晚上迷失方向。一些昆虫经常飞向光线，并可能撞上建筑物并丧生。有时光污染会让我们出现睡眠问题。即②③④。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But today, with many man-made lights, it is difficult for us to watch some wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies”可知天空越亮，你能看到的星星就越少。故选B。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Small actions, big changes. To stop things from going worse, we should use the right amount (数量) of light, in the right place and at the right time.”可知是指我们可以做简单的事情来减少光污染。故选C。 （二十） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州路桥·期末B篇） Many scientists are famous for their inventions or great works. For Leonardo da Vinci, it is difficult to know where to start. He was a talent in many subjects including art, engineering and science. Da Vinci was born in Italy, on 15 April, 1452. He became interested in drawing pictures when he was very young. At the age of 15, he began to study painting. After that, he became a good painter and went to Milan. One of his most famous paintings is “The Mona Lisa”. He worked on this painting from 1503 until he died in 1519. Da Vinci never stopped learning. He taught himself maths and was crazy about the human body. During that period of time, most scientists didn’t know a lot about the human body. Da Vinci, however, dissected (解剖) dead bodies to see how the body worked. He was the first person to draw it correctly. His drawings were so amazing that doctors are still learning from them today. Da Vinci is not only a famous painter, but also a great inventor. He studied the flying of birds and designed many models of flying machines. One of these was an anemometer. It can measure (测量) the speed of the wind. Although few of his inventions really worked during his lifetime, they show that Da Vinci’s idea was hundreds of years ahead (领先的) of that age. In the past 500 years, people all over the world have still been celebrating this great artist, inventor and scientist for his talent. 1. Which is the correct order to fill in the timeline of Da Vinci? a. Da Vinci went to Milan. b. Da Vinci started learning painting. c. Da Vinci began his work “The Mona Lisa”. A. b-c-a B. c-a-b C. a-c-b D. b-a-c 2. What does the underlined word “anemometer” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. A kind of machine. B. A kind of building. C. A work of painting. D. A drawing of human body. 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. Da Vinci learned about the human body from the doctor. B. Scientists in that period of time knew the human body well. C. Da Vinci’s drawings of human body were correct and successful. D. Both the scientists and the doctors of that period of time were good at math. 4. What kind of person is Da Vinci? A. Kind and helpful. B. Clever and hard-working. C. Talented and outgoing. D. Quiet and warm-hearted. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了意大利文艺复兴时期的杰出人物——达·芬奇的生平、成就和贡献。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“At the age of 15, he began to study painting.”可知，他在15岁的时候开始学习画画；根据“After that, he became a good painter and went to Milan.”可知，之后，他去了米兰；根据“He worked on this painting from 1503 until he died in 1519.”可知，他在1503年开始画《蒙娜丽莎》。正确的顺序是b-a-c。故选D。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“He studied the flying of birds and designed many models of flying machines. One of these was an anemometer.”可知，他研究鸟类的飞行，并设计了许多飞行器模型。其中之一是anemometer。由此推断“anemometer”是指一种飞行器。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Da Vinci, however, dissected (解剖) dead bodies to see how the body worked. He was the first person to draw it correctly. His drawings were so amazing that doctors are still learning from them today.”可知，达·芬奇的人体画是正确而成功的。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据“He was a talent in many subjects including art, engineering and science.”可知，达·芬奇很聪明；根据“Da Vinci never stopped learning. He taught himself maths and was crazy about the human body.”可知，达·芬奇从未停止学习，说明他很勤奋。故选B。 （二十一） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州路桥·期末C篇） Do you like spring? In a cold winter, do you expect the warm spring days to come? This idea is called a “hope”. Hope makes us strong, even when things don’t go as we expect. Hope is a positive (积极的) feeling. It tells us things will get better. “When I’m hopeful, I can find the best part in myself. I study better and get better grades.” says Jonah, an eighteen-year-old girl. Why is it so helpful? Because a “hope” is more than a “wish”. If we have a hope, we not only wish the best things to come, but will also try our best to make our dreams come true. Charles Snyder, a psychologist (心理学家), finds there are three main parts of a hopeful mind: first, have a goal (目标); second, come up with different ideas to achieve it; third, believe in yourself. Hope is important because it cheers us up and makes us think of what is possible. When we learn something new, such as trying out a new sport or taking up a hobby, being hopeful gives us courage (勇气) so we are not afraid. Studies show that being hopeful not only helps us learn better at school, but also helps us build strong friendships, and be successful. How can we be more hopeful? Hope is a skill that we can learn. For example, if you hope to become a cook one day, try to learn how to make a dish every week. If you feel hopeless, read the stories of the successful people, or talk with someone you trust. Then you can be hopeful again. What’s more, think about how successful you will be in the future, so you will be glad to take action. 1. How does the writer begin the topic of “hope”? A. By telling a story. B. By asking questions. C. By listing numbers. D. By comparing two seasons. 2. What is NOT the main part of a hopeful mind, according to Charles Snyder? A. Making a goal. B. Thinking of ways to achieve it. C. Believing in yourself. D. Never give up. 3. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. What is hope. B. Why hope is important. C. When we can find hope. D. Who gives us hope. 4. The writer shows an example in the last paragraph to tell us ________. A. how to be more hopeful B. whose stories we can read C. it’s easy to learn to cook D. it’s difficult to become hopeful 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了“希望”的概念、它的重要性以及如何变得更加有希望。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Do you like spring? In a cold winter, do you expect the warm spring days to come?”可知，通过问问题的方式引出话题“希望”。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Charles Snyder, a psychologist (心理学家), finds there are three main parts of a hopeful mind: first, have a goal (目标); second, come up with different ideas to achieve it; third, believe in yourself.”可知，Charles Snyder提到了确立目标、想出不同的想法来实现它、相信自己。没有提到绝不放弃。故选D。 【3题详解】 段落大意题。根据“Hope is important because it cheers us up and makes us think of what is possible.”可知，第三段主要讲述了“希望”如此重要的原因。故选B。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How can we be more hopeful? Hope is a skill that we can learn. For example, if you hope to become a cook one day, try to learn how to make a dish every week.”可知，最后一段举例子的目的是为了告诉我们如何变得更有希望。故选A。 （二十二） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州路桥·期末D篇） Nowadays, memes (表情包) are popular among the teenagers to show their feelings online. Sometimes they use memes more than the language. Which is a better way to communicate with others, memes or language? Zhang Han, a 14-year-old boy, shows his opinion: “When communicating online, I’m always glad to use the cute memes. But when it comes to my study, memes are useless. The language offers a richer way to show my feelings in writing. You know, everyone’s feelings are special. So I need to find different words and sentences.” “Then I tell myself to stop depending too much on memes. They are like snacks. Maybe they seem convenient and tasty, but they can’t substitute (代替 ) for a healthy meal. We shouldn’t communicate with each other only by using memes.” However, Kiara Amato, a French girl, has a different idea: “I’m not good at using the language. But I think it’s OK because I like painting. When I paint, I can show how I feel without using a lot of words. “Last term, I had to write a speech for my school. It was hard for me. But then I remembered my paint-brushes. So I painted how I felt. When I showed my painting to my teacher, she was surprised but began to enjoy it at once. Painting is my way to share feelings. “With more and more people communicating on the Internet, I believe it is helpful to use memes. These pictures provide a quick way to show ourselves online. Moreover, people from different countries can understand each other by using memes. They become a bridge over cultural differences. “We have many ways to show ourselves. Music lets us share our feelings with songs and words. Dance helps us tell stories with our bodies. Even photography and cooking are useful for us to express (表达) ourselves. These different ways show others who we are.” 1. What does “They” refer to in Paragraph 4? A. The memes. B. The paintings. C. The writings. D. The languages. 2. How many ways of showing ourselves are mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 3. The purpose of writing the passage is ________. A. to ask people to stop using memes B. to remind people to use the language more often C. to encourage people to show their feelings in different ways D. to show different opinions on using the language and memes 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Language and Memes We Use. B. How to Use Language and Memes Online. C. Way to Communicate: The Language or Memes? D. Meme: A Popular Way of Communication Online. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文就“表情包和语言，哪个是更好的沟通方式”分享了两个学生的看法。 【1题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Then I tell myself to stop depending too much on memes…Maybe they seem convenient and tasty, but they can’t substitute (代替 ) for a healthy meal.”可知，they指代前一句话中的memes，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“We have many ways to show ourselves. Music lets us share our feelings with songs and words. Dance helps us tell stories with our bodies. Even photography and cooking are useful for us to express (表达) ourselves.”可知，提到了“音乐，跳舞，摄影和烹饪”，故选B。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Which is a better way to communicate with others, memes or language?”以及最后一段可知，通过分享对“表情包和语言，哪个是更好的沟通方式”的看法，来鼓励人们用不同的方式来表达自己的情绪，故选C。 【4题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“Which is a better way to communicate with others, memes or language?”及全文内容可知，本文就“表情包和语言，哪个是更好的沟通方式”分享了两个学生的看法，所以最适合本文的标题是：Way to Communicate: The Language or Memes，故选C。 （二十三） （23-24八年级下·浙江温州苍南·期末B篇） ①This winter, the city of Harbin became the fifth most popular city for the 2024 New Year holiday. Known as “The Ice City” in Heilongjiang province, Harbin has become world-famous for having the largest ice and snow festival. ②The most popular place is the Harbin Ice and Snow World. It is like an ice Disneyland. There are more than 2,000 ice and snow sculptures (雕塑) every year in the “world”. People can enjoy different kinds of snow sports and activities as well. The huge ice slide (滑梯) is the most popular one among park-goers. “I have just tried the slide. It’s so wonderful that you can’t miss it.” He Xiaoyu told China Daily excitedly. ③Besides the Ice and Snow World, there are also ice and snow sculpture shows on Sun Island and an ice lantern show in Zhaolin park. For skiing lovers, Yabuli Ski Resort is a perfect place. To try its local food, Zhongyang Street with a history of over 110 years, is a must to visit. ④What’s more, going to Harbin for a holiday has been a hot topic on social media (媒体) for nearly the whole spring festival, changing the city into a dream holiday city. Also, the government has done many things to attract tourists, including having live concerts and firework shows, as well as improving dining, hotel and shopping services. 1. Which activity is the most popular one for park-goers? A. Ice skating. B. Live concerts. C. The huge ice slide. D. Snow sculpture shows. 2. What has the government done to make Harbin a dream holiday city? a. It has just built Zhongyang Street. b. It has invited lots of skiing lovers. c. It has improved its public services. d. It has planned different activities A. a&b B. c&d C. b&c D. d&a 3. What may be the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了哈尔滨成为冬天度假的热门城市。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The huge ice slide (滑梯) is the most popular one among park-goers.”可知，巨大的冰滑梯是最受游客欢迎的项目。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Also, the government has done many things to attract tourists, including having live concerts and firework shows, as well as improving dining, hotel and shopping services.”可知，为了让哈尔滨成为一个梦想的度假城市，政府改善了公共服务，并计划开展了不同的活动，故选B。 【3题详解】 篇章结构题。阅读全文可知，第一段总体介绍哈尔滨成为假期的热门城市，第二段、第三段和第四段具体介绍了哈尔滨好玩的城方以及政府所做的努力，故选A。 （二十四） （23-24八年级下·浙江温州苍南·期末C篇） The Starlink system, is a main product of an American company called Space X. The company plans to send about 42,000 satellites to offer much faster and less expensive satellite (卫星) internet around the world. In order to send information faster, Space X has put built-in lasers (激光) on its newest Starlink satellites. With the higher speed of light in vacuum (真空) and the shorter path than undersea fiber (纤维), the laser links in orbit (轨道) help send satellite internet faster. And by getting closer to our planet and networking, Starlink satellites can quickly send a large amount of information to any point on Earth, even across oceans. However, some astronomers are afraid that bright satellites in Earth’s orbit will make them difficult to “watch” the universe. And some scientists are worried that there will probably be more space junk when the satellites are out of use or when the satellites hit others. The junk of course will be harmful to spaceships or space stations. And when some of the falling junk burn up in Earth’s atmosphere (大气层), it will cause uncertain changes in Earth’s climate (气候). Although the company promised that the satellites seemed impossible to hit others, the risk is still there. In 2021, China’s space station had to change its orbit to avoid the possible danger when Starlink satellites came close to it. So does the Starlink system really have more advantages to humans in the long term? Or will the risks outweigh its advantages? We still do not know the answers. 1. Why can the newest Starlink satellite send information faster? A. Because it has used built-in lasers. B. Because it is close to space stations. C. Because it has used undersea fiber. D. Because it is far from Earth’s orbit. 2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. It’s about how the Starlink system works. B. It’s about what the Starlink system looks like. C. It’s about why the Starlink system is impossible. D. It’s about what risks Starlink system may cause. 3. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Indian company has sent the Starlink satellites. B. The Starlink system needs 420,000 satellites in total. C. The return of useless satellites may cause more space junk. D. The Starlink satellite changed its orbit to avoid danger in 2021. 4. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To encourage people to use the Starlink in their daily life. B. To introduce the bright future of a new invention of Space X. C. To show some worries about the development of the Starlink system. D. To provide some latest news about the progress of the Starlink system. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了SpaceX公司的星链系统计划发射4.2万颗卫星以提供更快、更便宜的全球卫星互联网服务，但同时也引发了天文学家和科学家对其可能带来的空间垃圾、对天文观测的干扰以及潜在的气候变化等风险的担忧。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In order to send information faster, Space X has put built-in lasers (激光) on its newest Starlink satellites.”可知，最新的星链卫星可以更快地发送信息，因为它使用了内置激光器。故选A。 【2题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，地球轨道上明亮的卫星可能阻碍观测宇宙、废弃卫星或卫星碰撞产生的太空垃圾对航天器和空间站有危害，以及太空垃圾燃烧对地球气候可能带来不确定影响，这些都是星链系统可能造成的风险。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“And some scientists are worried that there will probably be more space junk when the satellites are out of use or when the satellites hit others.”可知，当卫星不再使用或撞击其他卫星时，可能会产生更多的太空垃圾。因此，选项C“无用的卫星返回可能会产生更多的太空垃圾”是正确的。故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了SpaceX公司的星链系统计划发射4.2万颗卫星以提供更快、更便宜的全球卫星互联网服务，但同时也引发了天文学家和科学家对其可能带来的空间垃圾、对天文观测的干扰以及潜在的气候变化等风险的担忧，由此可知本文的目的是表达对星链系统发展的担忧。故选C。 （二十五） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴诸暨·期末C篇） ①These days, we easily feel stressed for the growing number of work we need to do. It’s important to know how to solve problems and find ways to relax. ②First, we should try organizing our problems from most important to least important as well as most urgent (紧急的) to least urgent. If some problems are both important and urgent, such as studying for a next-day test, do those tasks first. Once those are done, work on things that are important but not urgent, such as preparing for the final exams. From there, we can work on problems that are less important. Organizing our work this way helps a lot in knowing what to do first and not worrying about the rest. Or we might easily feel overwhelmed with so much work to do. ③Still, sometimes we feel overwhelmed even after organizing our work. If so, we can try to fit some exercise into our weekly plan. It doesn’t even have to be a big trip to the gym (体育馆). ④Finally, we can try to think deeply in silence. Again, this does not need to be anything special. Just set aside 10 to 20 minutes with a timer, close our eyes, and focus (集中) only on breathing. If other ideas come up, accept that they are there and let them fall away on their own. ⑤By trying these steps, we will go a long way toward feeling relaxed and peaceful when finishing all the work. 1. In Paragraph 2, how does the writer express his idea? ________ A. By listing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By telling stories. D. By giving examples. 2. What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” in Paragraph 2 mean? ________ A. Stressed. B. Bored. C. Perfect. D. Safe. 3. According to the writer, which of the following helps to solve problems? ________ A. Solving the less urgent things first. B. Working on problems together. C. Having a trip to the nature. D. Thinking deeply in silence. 4. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? ________ A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了感到工作的压力时，如何解决问题和找到方法去放松。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“First, we should try organizing our problems from most important to least important as well as most urgent (紧急的) to least urgent. If some problems are both important and urgent, such as studying for a next-day test, do those tasks first. Once those are done, work on things that are important but not urgent, such as preparing for the final exams.”可知作者通过举例子表达他的想法。故选D。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“so much work to do”及结合选项，可知指我们可能会很容易被这么多工作压垮。所以“overwhelmed”意为“压力”。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Finally, we can try to think deeply in silence.”可知在沉默中沉思可以帮助解决问题。故选D。 【4题详解】 篇章结构题。第一段总述如何解决问题并找到放松的方法很重要；第二、三、四段具体介绍了解决问题的方法；第五段是作者的总结。可知文章为总分总的结构，选项A符合，故选A。 （二十六） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴诸暨·期末D篇） Have you ever imagined what life will be like in 2060? An international group of forty scientists have made some surprising predictions. They said that in the next few years, our lives would change a lot. Firstly, humans can grow body parts themselves. Dr. Ellen Heber-Katz is one of the forty scientists. He says, “People will think it common that sick parts of the body can be repaired. It is just like the way we fix a car.” Scientists could use human cells (细胞) to grow new parts. New technologies like this will also help people to live longer. Within several years, most people will be able to live to be one hundred years old. Secondly, the scientists have predicted that a machine will be invented to “read” the minds of animals. In 2060, ▲ . Scientists say that humans may first “talk” with mammals (哺乳动物) and then with other animals. Our daily life will be much easier. There will be more and more smart machines in our houses to help us. What’s more, there will be great robots to help us do all kinds of chores. But what would be the biggest achievement over the next few years? A number of scientists believe it would be the finding of aliens (外星人). NASA scientist Chris McKay says, “We may find aliens in space and talk with them.” He believes marks of alien life may even be found here on Earth. Does life in 2060 sound cool to you? Let’s wait and see what will really happen then! 1. How many changes does the passage talk about？ A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ”? A. there will be more mammals on the earth B. we need to keep on protecting animals C. we will be able to “talk” to animals D. we can find more kinds of animals 3. What would be the biggest finding in the next few years? A. Useful medicine. B. New land. C. Smart machines. D. Aliens. 4. What’s the best title for the passage? A. What Achievements Scientists Got B. How to Live Longer C. What Robots Can Do D. How the Life Would Be in 2060 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了几位科学家设想了人们未来的生活可能发生的神奇改变。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Firstly, humans can grow body parts themselves.”，第三段“Secondly, the scientists have predicted that a machine will be invented to ‘read’ the minds of animals.”及第四段“A number of scientists believe it would be the finding of aliens.”可知，文章谈论了三种改变，分别是人类可以自己生长身体部位；人类将会发明一种机器来 “阅读” 动物的思想；人类将会发现外星人。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据下文“Scientists say that humans may first ‘talk’ with mammals...”可知，科学家说人类可能首先与哺乳动物“交谈”，此处应表达在2060年人类可以与动物交流。选项C“我们将能够与动物交谈”符合语境。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“But what would be the biggest achievement over the next few years? A number of scientists believe it would be the finding of aliens.”可知，未来几年最大的成就是外星人的发现。故选D。 【4题详解】 最佳标题题。根据第一段“Have you ever imagined what life will be like in 2060?”及最后一段“Does life in 2060 sound cool to you? Let’s wait and see what will really happen then!”可知，文章是关于在2060年人类的生活会变成什么样子，选项D“2060年的生活会是怎样的”是最佳标题。故选D。 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 （一） （23-24八年级下·宁波镇海·期末C篇） ①Nowadays, many people worry about excessive (过度的) competitions, or “rat race”, can no longer give them a better life. So some have got the idea of “lying flat” (躺平) . They think it is a way to reduce the pressure of modern life. ②“Rat race”, the excessive competitions, happens in every part of life. Parents are stressed to offer their kids the best; Kids must keep up in the educational rat race; Office workers have to work for more than 10 hours a day. People may have to work really hard to make more money or achieve more goals (目标). It leads to more worries and unhappiness. ③However, under the pressure of the society, some people decide to stop achieving their goals such as buying a house, getting good grades, getting into the best school and so on. This situation can be called “lying flat”. Those people lose their love to work and study. Besides, they don’t want to accept new things and can’t keep up with the time. They will be upset and even don’t believe themselves. ④Neither “rat race” nor “lying flat” is welcomed. Instead, we should have a balanced (平衡的) lifestyle and achieve our dreams with proper competitions. Proper competitions happen when we compete healthily—in a way that brings out the best in us. In this way, we won’t be in excessive competitions or live a life without progress. 1. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “reduce”? A. 增加 B. 减少 C. 保持 D. 导致 2. Which of the following is an example of “rat race”? A. Many people don’t want to accept new things. B. Many people only accept proper competitions in work or study. C. Office workers have to work for more than 10 hours a day. D. Parents aren’t stressed to get their kids into the best schools. 3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. Rat race hardly causes worries and unhappiness. B. Excessive competitions only happen at school. C. People truly love their work in the situation of “lying flat”. D. Proper competitions can bring out the best in us. 4. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. （二） （23-24八年级下·宁波镇海·期末D篇） Does Mickey Mouse wear shorts or suspender pants (背带裤)? Many people believe it’s suspender pants. But the answer is shorts. Is the end of Pikachu’s tail black or yellow? Many people believe it’s black. But it’s not. It is called the “Mandela Effect (曼德拉效应)”. US writer Fiona Broome created this term(术语) in 2009. That year, she found that many people believed former South African president Nelson Mandela had died in the 1980s. However, it’s false (错误的). Mandela was still alive then. He died in 2013. It shows how unreliable (不可靠的) our memory can be. What causes Mandela Effect? Many studies have shown that “feeling sure” about a memory has nothing to do with the facts. What we ▲ change our memory In one study, scientists at Cornell University, US, told college students a story about a man. He walked out without paying the bill. The first group was told that the man “liked to steal”. The second group was told that he left because he got a phone call. One week later, the first group remembered a Fun Tests of the Mandela Effect higher bill—10 to 25% more than the money actually was. The second group remembered a lower bill. The study showed that how we expect or believe things to happen can change our memories. What we imagine change our memory In another study, people watched a film and were asked: “How fast was the white car going when it passed the barn (谷仓)?” Actually there was no barn in the film. But about 20 percent of the students said they had seen it. Parts of the brain for actually seeing an object and imagining an object overlap (重叠). So imagination could leave a memory trace (痕迹) in the brain. 1. What does “Mandela Effect” mean? A. Someone thought Mandela died in the 1980s but it’s not. B. A large number of people share the same false memory. C. Our memories were completely changed as time went by. D. It is difficult to remember the cartoon characters correctly. 2. Which of the following can be put in “What we ▲ change our memory”? A. believe B. imagine C. spend D. listen 3. What can we learn from these two studies? A. Feeling sure about a memory must have something to do with the facts. B. Thirty percent of the students remembered seeing a barn in the film. C. What people imagine could leave a memory trace in the brain. D. The group that believed the man like to steal remember a lower bill. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Something about Mickey Mouse B. Fun Tests of Mandela Effect C. Best Ways to Change Memories D. The Cause of Mandela Effect （三） （23-24八年级下·浙江杭州·上城·期末） The guitar is one of the most popular musical instruments in the world. Many different cultures have played instruments like the guitar for over 3, 000 years. The oldest instrument that we can see today comes from Ancient Egypt. You can see this guitar in a museum in Cairo. It belonged to a singer who sang for the Egyptian queen Hatshepsut. This type of guitar had a long neck and only three strings (弦). The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar, but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear. It usually had more strings than a guitar and they were in pairs. From 1100 to 1500, travelling singers and story tellers played the lute to go with their songs. Guitars sometimes had pairs of strings like the lute, but the guitar changed over time to use single strings. People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy, but the most important change happened in the 1850s. The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. His idea made the sound of the guitar louder and better. Most of today’s classical guitars follow his design. The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s. The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes. Some electric guitars don’t look like guitars at all! 1. Which of the following is a lute? A. B. C. D. 2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Guitars. B. Sounds. C. Shapes. D. Sizes. 3. In which order did the following happen? a. The first electric guitars appeared. b. People used guitars with six single strings in Italy. c. Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. d. Travelling singers played the lute to go with their songs. A. d-b-c-a B. a-c-d-b C. d-a-c-b D. c-d-a-b 4. Why does the writer write the text? A. To discuss the invention of the guitar. B. To introduce the shapes of the guitar. C. To compare the players of the guitar. D. To show the development of the guitar. （四） （23-24八年级下·浙江湖州·期末） People have been looking up and trying to explain what they see in the sky since probably the beginning of time. That would make astronomy (天文学) human’s oldest science, much older than art, math, etc. Here are a few tips to get you started with amateur (业余爱好的) astronomy. Tip 1 Pick your location Try to find a place where there aren’t too many lights. You may need to know your location’s brightness using the Bortle scale (波特尔暗空等级) . The Bortle scale is a way of measuring (测量) the brightness of the night sky for a location. It uses a nine-level scale where “1” means the darkest skies available on Earth. The higher the level, the brighter the sky, and the harder to see stars. You can go to www.lightpollutionmap.info to look up your location’s Bortle level. Tip 2 Get oriented Knowing where north, east, south and west are from your location is also important. The planets rise and set just like the sun. Learning which bright stars and constellations (星座) are able to be seen as the seasons changes will help as well. Tip 3 Choose your equipment The most common and useful equipment are good star apps on your mobile phone. These star apps can tell you what is able to be seen from your location at night, and where to look. You can also find information from your location websites. Of course, binoculars (双筒望远镜) and telescopes (望远镜) can also help you to see more. Tip 4 Other helpful tips Planets like Saturn, Jupiter, Mars and Venus are all quite easy to spot in the night sky when they are in position. If you see something that looks brighter than all the other stars, it’s quite likely a planet. Natural objects aren’t only things to look for through binoculars and telescopes. You’ll often see satellites (人造卫星) passing overhead, and can even see the International Space Station as it passes above you. If you want to get more information, please sign up to become a member at our website: www.planetary.org. 1. Four astronomy fans Peter, James, Harry and Ron are now in different places at night. Whose location’s Bortle level is probably the lowest according to Tip 1? Peter: at Tian’anmen Square James: on a lonely island of the Pacific Ocean Harry: at Disneyland in Hong Kong Ron: in Zhejiang University in Hangzhou A. Peter. B. James. C. Harry. D. Ron 2. Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “set” ? A. We watched the moon setting. B. A set of keys are on the table. C. She set a new world record for the high jump. D. They set up this group to help disabled people. 3. According to the article, star apps can tell ________ at night. A. where you are on earth B. how far you are from the stars C. whether it is too bright to see stars D. which stars you can see from your location 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. This article is written for experts on astronomy. B. It’s impossible for common people to learn about stars. C. The International Space Station can be seen when it passes above us. D. Planets are difficult to find in the night sky because they are not so bright. （五） （23-24八年级下·浙江金华东阳·期末） Few students like it, but homework is an important part of middle school life in the UK. The UK has these government rules for homework: Years 7 and 8 (ages 11 to 13): 45 to 90 minutes per day; Year 9 (ages 14 to 15): 1 to 2 hours a day. Today, many homework tasks are done on a computer—for example, preparing PPT, using the Internet, or doing online tasks. So schools are usually open before and after normal hours. That way, students without computers or Internet at home can use the schools’ facilities (设施). Sometimes students are given “extended (拓展的) learning tasks”. That means they need to do more research and analysis, such as when working on a history or art project. But however big the task is, teachers will always give feedback (反馈). They help students find areas where they can improve. Some schools send students home with a homework diary. They encourage parents to check on their children’s progress. Other schools have a website for parents to track their children’s performance every day. Sadly, not every parent takes that much interest. In a 2011 survey of 1,000 students aged 11 to 18, over one in ten said that they did not have space at home to do homework. Almost 15 percent said that their family did not support them enough. 1. How long should UK students at the age of 11 to 13 do their homework per day? A. Less than 45 minutes. B. 45 to 90 minutes. C. 60 to 90 minutes. D. 1 to 2 hours. 2. If students don’t have a computer at home, how can they finish their online homework? A. They can go to the teacher’s home after school. B. They don’t have to finish their homework. C. They can use the computers at school. D. They can ask their classmates for help. 3. What can we learn from the survey in 2011? A. UK parents took much interest in their children’s studies. B. Over 10 percent of the students had no space at home to do homework. C. Some parents did not know about the government rules. D. The homework diary works very well in the UK. 4. What might the writer agree according to the passage? A. Homework doesn’t play an important role in students’ learning. B. Families should support students’ studies. C. Extended learning tasks make students work for long hours. D. Parents should give homework feedback at once. （六） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波慈溪·期末B篇） Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia, about 200 kilometers north of Brisbane. It is about 120 kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide. It is completely made of sand. In fact, it is the largest sand island in the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long beach along the east coast. Planes arrive and leave from here. The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand. Nothing grows on them. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island, getting bigger and bigger. At other places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge, the Cathedrals and Red Canyon, the sandy rocks have different colors. Sometimes the rocks are so brown that they turn the sea brown, like coffee. Surprisingly, the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals. There are dark forests, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes. There are many kinds of birds, like owls and curlews. There are many animals there, too, such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes. About 500,000 people visit the island every year to see the island’s beauty and nature. People enjoy camping and hiking there. Unluckily, the visitors create problems. They damage (毁坏) plants and frighten animals. Their sun cream makes the water dirty. So it is necessary for the government to manage (管理) the visitors. For example, people must not damage plants or frighten animals while camping or hiking in the forests, they must not use motor boats or go fishing in the lakes, and they need government papers to drive there. 1. What can we know about Fraser Island from the passage? A. No one can get there by plane. B. Few people know about it. C. There are no living things on it. D. It is a beautiful sand island. 2. The underlined word “them” (in Para.2) refers to ______. A. the sand hills B. the dark forests C. the brown seas D. the long beaches 3. What is the passage mainly about? A. The life on Fraser Island. B. The nature on Fraser Island. C. The history of Fraser Island. D. The culture of Fraser Island. 4. What does the writer advise in order to protect Fraser Island? A. People should plant more trees and beautiful flowers on the sand hills. B. No visitors should go deep into the forests for camping and hiking. C. The government should take actions to stop visitors damaging nature. D. The number of visitors to the island should be kept under 500,000 per year. （七） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波慈溪·期末D篇） Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you. Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t try to talk about something with your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you are shouting at them. Go somewhere else to cool off. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you think you can’t speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter to them. Try to understand your parents. Your parents may think differently from you. Tell your parents what you think, what you care about and why. Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. Put yourself in their shoes and you may find a better way out. Michael’s mother didn’t agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to an agreement. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. It is also important to show your love to your parents. Try to do some small things at home, like making them a cup of tea, helping do some chores, and so on. It helps to keep your relationship closer. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. 1. The passage is mainly written for ________. A. parents B. teachers C. adults D. children 2. Your parents will probably not listen to you if you ________. A. speak to them angrily B. never do housework at home C. write a letter to them D. don’t make them a cup of tea 3. The story of Michael (in Para.3) shows that it’s important to ________. A. go somewhere else to cool off B. put yourself in your parents’ shoes C. show your love to your parents D. think differently from your parents 4. Doing small things at home can make your parents feel that ________. A. you’re a happy kid B. you love doing chores C. you care about them D. you want to buy something （八） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波奉化·期末） ①PUA stands for “Pick-up Artist.” It started as a term for people who use clever ways to influence their interactions (交流) with others, especially between lovers. This idea has grown, and now it also means people use tricks to control others in the workplace and online. It’s very helpful to know about PUA because it can deeply influence how you feel about your development. Here are some common behaviors to be careful. ②Sometimes people who use PUA tricks criticize a lot. They might tell you that you’re always doing things wrong. It is just a way to make you feel sorry about yourself rather than helping you improve. They may also try to keep you away from your friends and family. This makes you depend on them, and gives them more control over you. Another trick is called gaslighting (煤气灯效应). For example, you remember something clearly, but they keep saying it didn’t happen. They want you to doubt (怀疑) what you know is true. ③To avoid PUA behaviors, there are several steps you can take. First, learn to tell what healthy friendships and relationships look like. Being confident is also important because it will be not so easy for others to trick you. Besides, you should be brave to say no when something feels wrong. What’s more, talking to someone you trust like a teacher can be very useful. ④Knowing these signs and how to deal with them can help you have better relationships. It’s like building a strong foundation (基础) for happy and healthy relationships as you get older. 1. What is TRUE about PUA behavior? A. PUA only happens between lovers. B. People may use PUA to control others in workplace and online. C. PUA can help you have better relationships when you get older. D. PUA will influence how other people think of you and your development. 2. Which of the following sentence shows the underlined word “criticize”? A. “If you have any problems, you can ask me for help.” B. “Sorry, it didn’t happen. I think you didn’t remember well.” C. “You are always making mistakes! What you do is wrong!” D. “Keep away from your friend, or you will become a bad student, too.” 3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps to use PUA to control others. B. Reasons for why students can’t use PUA. C. Ways to build a healthy relationship. D. Advice on how to avoid PUA behaviors. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Say “NO” to PUA! B. Let’s PUA Together! C. Is it Good to PUA? D. How do You Deal with PUA? （九） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波海曙·期末C篇） ①Do you often help your parents do any chores? Do you know how to store the food in the fridge correctly? In fact, food safety is important. However, eating food not kept correctly could make you sick. The fridge is a perfect choice to keep food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box. Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly. ②Put your food on the right shelf. As we know, in the fresh-keeping area, the higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. So we can make use of different temperatures to keep food fresh. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers or cream cakes on top shelves. The middle shelves are suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as yogurt. Bottom shelves are perfect for storing raw (生的) meat and seafood. ③Keep proper temperature. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5℃ and 60℃. If you want to get the most out of your food, the temperature in your fresh-keeping area needs to be between 0℃ and 5℃. The freezer (冷冻室) temperature should be below -18℃. ④Store the fruit and vegetables at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dry and dark place, away from direct sunlight or sources of heat. Once cut, they should be put in the fridge at once. ⑤In a word, everyone should pay attention to food safety. Hope these tips can help you keep your food fresh for as long as possible. 1. What does the underlined sentence probably mean in Para.1? A. The fridge can’t keep all the food safe and fresh. B. The fridge is very magical to make food fresh. C. We have no choice but to store food in the fridge. D. We can put all kinds of foods in the fridge. 2. Which of the following is a correct way to store food? A. Put milk and cheese on top shelves. B. Store burgers and pizza on bottom shelves. C. Keep proper temperature to slow the growing of bacteria. D. Cut the fruit and store them at the room temperature. 3. What is the writing purpose of this passage? A. To ask people to do more chores. B. To teach people how to store food correctly. C. To tell people the importance of the fridge. D. To advice people to eat more healthy food. 4. How is the above passage organized? A. B. C. D. （十） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波海曙·期末D篇） Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space? Have you ever imagined raising fish in space? Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality! On April 26, three astronauts in Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship (神舟十八号载人航天飞船) successfully entered the space station. They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics. The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen (氧气), keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself. Why zebrafish? Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans. “The result of this experiment is very precious for it is China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems(生态系统). Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” a professor told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists know how the human body reacts to space conditions. The Shenzhou XVIII is expected to return to the earth after six months in space. Right now, China is going to finish picking its new astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station tasks and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon. 1. The fish tank was taken into space station to help astronauts . A. raise fish and mice B. carry out experiments C. entertain their freetime D. provide enough oxygen 2. Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space according to Para.4? ①They are easy to feed in the spaceship. ②They share over two-thirds of genes with humans. ③They can live without oxygen in the fish tank. ④They can control the temperature and lighting. A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ③④ 3. The above passage is probably taken from the magazine . A. B. C. D. 4. The best title of the passage could be . A. Flying to the Moon B. Raising Mice in Space C. The First Manned Landing D. Working on Space Experiments （十一） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波鄞州·期末C篇） On May 7, Yinzhou District shared the list of four-season activities, including 88 themed festivals for the Cultural Tourism Season 2024. You can watch, play, and enjoy them in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, taking yourself to“play throughout the four seasons”. It’s a way to show off the achievements of cultural and tourism development in Yinzhou. Each town will host a main festival for each season and a special event each month. Spring time in Yinzhou is marked by the Coffee Life Festival, where you can enjoy the good smell and taste of coffee. Nature lovers can hike in Tangxi Town to enjoy mountain view. At the right time for mulberry picking, the Mulberry Festival at the Tiangong Zhuangyuan allows you to fully enjoy mulberries.You can go to Xianxiang Town to try seafood and watch performances on the beach. Summer heats up with the Three Rivers and Six Banks Hiking activity, offering relaxing walks along the rivers. The “Yinzhou Night” in the Southern Business District promises a lively evening. Yunlong Town hosts a Dragon Boat Festival, where you can watch exciting races. Autumn brings a harvest feel with the event in Hengxi Town. Here, you can experience traditional wood crafts and dragon dances performances. You can come to the Autumn Harvest Games to try activities of rice cutting and making straw handicrafts to experience the beauty of labor. The winter in Yinzhou starts from the flavor of a new year. You can enjoy the themed activity of “Our Festival · Lantern Festival” in Zhanqi Town, the activity of “Tiantong Celebrating the Lantern Festival” in Dongwu Town. You can go to Ningbo Cultural Square to welcome the arrival of the New Year together in the shining fireworks. Yinzhou’s Cultural Tourism Season is a year-long journey through the district’s rich traditions and modern attractions. 1. What does the Cultural Tourism Season want to show? A. The best places to eat in Yinzhou. B. The history of Yinzhou’s sports events. C. The most famous artists from Yinzhou. D. The progress of Yinzhou’s culture and tourism. 2. What can you do in summer in Yinzhou in 2024? A. Learn about rice harvesting. B. Watch the Dragon Boat races. C. Enjoy the Coffee Life Festival. D. Take part in winter lantern shows. 3. What does the underlined word “labor” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. work B. nature C. autumn D. activity 4. How can people welcome the New Year at Ningbo Cultural Square? A. In the shining fireworks. B. With a hiking activity along the rivers. C. With a lantern festival and traditional markets. D. Through a beach performance and seafood tasting. （十二） （23-24八年级下·浙江宁波鄞州·期末D篇） There were some very clever inventions in ancient China. These inventions may look strange to us, but they have changed the world. Ancient tooth-cleaning brushes Have you ever wondered how ancient people brushed their teeth? Were there any toothbrushes in the past? Before toothbrushes were invented, people in ancient China used willow branches (柳枝) to clean their teeth. Some people even bit one end of a willow branch to clear the bits food on the teeth. This was like a simple toothbrush. About 1,000 years ago, people in ancient China started to make brushes to clean their teeth. They probably developed the earliest form of tooth-cleaning brushes in the world. The handles (手柄) of these brushes were made of bamboo or bone. The bristles (刷子毛) were made from pig hair. As pig hair was very hard, people later used horse-tail hair instead. These early toothbrushes were very similar to the ones we use today. It’s really amazing to think about how this invention has lasted so long! Ancient football boots Look at these boots! If you think they are rainboots or working boots, you are completely wrong. These cool-looking boots are ancient football boots from China. It is believed that they were probably made 1,000 years ago. The ancient Chinese football game was called cuju. It was quite popular 1,000 years ago. The boots are quite like the football boots that are worn today. At that time, cuju boots were made of ox skin. This hard material could help protect cuju players’ feet. There were also round metal studs (金属钉) on the soles (鞋底). With these metal studs on the bottom of the boots, cuju players could run faster on soft grass or on a muddy field. Ancient Chinese people were certainly smart! 1. How did the tooth-cleaning brushes change? A. Willow leaves → pig-hair bristles → bone brushes. B. Willow leaves → bone bristles → horse-tail bristles. C. Willow branches → pig-hair bristles → horse-tail bristles. D. Willow branches → bamboo bristles→ horse-tail bristles. 2. What can we learn about the ancient Chinese people from the tooth-cleaning brushes? A. They had no knowledge of teeth health. B. They were not interested in personal cleaning. C. They only cared about the appearance of their teeth. D. They were clever and found solutions to everyday problems. 3. Which part of the boots could help cuju players run faster on special grounds? A. The ox skin. B. The metal studs. C. The handles. D. The holes. 4. Which part of a magazine is the text probably taken from? A. Sports News. B. Chinese art. C. Ancient Life. D. Science Study. （十三） （23-24八年级下·浙江衢州·期末） ①Pain is a common experience in everyday life. What causes pain? Pain hurts us, but could it be good for us? Is pain in fact helpful? It is really important to know more about it. ②Pain is the body’s way to tell us that something is wrong so that we stop what we are doing to protect the body. For example, if you break your leg, pain stops you from walking on it. If you didn’t feel any pain, you would continue walking around and you could hurt your leg more. But why does it continue to hurt even after you have stopped walking on your hurt leg? That is because your body needs you to relax in order to get better. ③But how does pain work? We have special cells (细胞) in our skin, our eyes, and inside our bodies, too. When something goes wrong, they send messages to the brain (大脑). The brain then makes us feel pain so we will stop doing whatever is causing the pain. Put your hand on a hot cup, and your hand’s cells tell your brain. You are able to quickly move your hand away from the cup. At the same time, your brain gets the message that something is wrong and you need to care for your hand. It all happens in less than a second. ④But did you know that the brain itself cannot feel pain? In fact, when doctors cut into the brain, they do not put the person to sleep. Because the person does not feel any pain in the brain, it is thought to be much safer if the person is awake while the doctor works. 1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Pain helps protect our body. B. Pain makes our body relaxed. C. Pain stops us from walking. D. Pain makes our legs stronger. 2. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Cells. B. Eyes. C. Bodies. D. Hands. 3. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. （十四） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州三门·期末C篇） When I was a teenager, my parents were never interested in the music I liked. They always said to me, “David, the music you listen to is noisy. Why do you like listening to it so much?” At the same time, they described the music that they liked as “beautiful”. In fact, they are not the only ones who have this opinion. As I’ve grown older, I’ve often heard my friends say, “Today’s music is terrible.” Many older people just don’t like new music. But why is that? The exposure effect (曝光效应) may explain this. It means the more familiar (熟悉的) we are with something, the more probably we will like it. When we are in our early teens, we usually spend a lot of time listening to popular music and discussing it with our friends. We come to understand the new songs and artists during this time really well. After we become 30 years old, we are busy working and raising our families. We don’t have much time to look for new music. Instead, we like to listen to our old favorite songs that bring us back to our happy and simple days. According to studies, when we are 33 years old, most of us will completely stop exploring new music. But I think there is another reason why older people dislike new music. Most popular music, after all, is not written for them. It is made for young people. Some kinds of music began by young people as ways to fight against out-of-date things. These kinds include punk, rap, hip-hop, heavy metal and more. Younger people love them naturally. Do your parents hate the music you like, too? Now, after reading this article, you know there is nothing wrong with that. 1. According to the passage, many older people dislike new music because ________. A. it makes them upset and they don’t want to waste their time B. it sounds terrible and the songs bring them back to sad days C. they don’t understand the difficult words and hate the artists D. they don’t know it well and it’s mostly written for the young 2. The underlined word “exploring” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A. looking for B. trying out C. giving up D. setting up 3. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. New music will become more popular with older people. B. Older people will try to listen to different kinds of new music. C. People will know it’s normal that older people dislike new music. D. More beautiful and simple songs will be written for older people. 4. This passage mainly talks about ________. A. different kinds of music in the world B. people’s different opinions on new music C. the great importance of the exposure effect D. the reasons why older people dislike new music （十五） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州三门·期末D篇） ①Do you find it hard to say “no” when someone asks you for help? Do you feel sorry when you have to tell people that you really can’t help them? And do you often pretend (假装) to agree with people even though you think differently? If you answered “yes” to these questions, you may be a “people-pleaser”. ②Being friendly and helpful is a good thing. It helps you build friendships. However, trying to please (取悦) others without considering your own happiness can make you stressed. Luckily, there are some steps that you can take to stop being a people-pleaser. ③To start with, it’s important to know your limits (限度) and make “boundaries” (界限) in your life. Be clear about what you would like to do. You can also tell others that you are only available for a certain period of time. ④When someone asks you for help, tell him or her that you need some time to think about it. Use this time to ask yourself: Do you really want to do this? How much time will it take? By giving yourself some time to think, you’ll be better able to truly decide if it’s something you have the interest and time to do. ⑤People always try to please others because they have little confidence (自信) in themselves. They don’t consider their own need and interest. In this situation, you can try meaningful self-talk. Remind yourself that you have dreams, too. You don’t have to waste your time to do things that don’t bring you joy. ⑥Making a sudden change can be hard, so start by taking small steps. You may, for example, send a message to say “no”. Then, continue to say “no” face to face. Practice this in kinds of situations, such as talking to a salesperson or ordering at a restaurant. ⑦Stopping being a people-pleaser doesn’t mean you have to give up being kind and helpful altogether. You can still do good things, but on your own situations. 1. The writer starts the passage by ________. A. giving examples B. asking questions C. telling stories D. listing numbers 2. According to the passage, what can people do to stop being a people-pleaser? a. Set limits in your life. b. Think after you help others. c. Build up confidence. d. Start by taking small steps. A. abc B. a bd C. acd D. bcd 3. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 4. The writer wrote the passage most probably to ________. A. advise us not always to please others B. help us build confidence in ourselves C. encourage us to help people in need D. make us be clear about our dreams （十六） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴新昌·期末B篇） The 9th Asian Winter Games will be held in Harbin next year. The slogan (口号), emblem (徽章) and mascots (吉祥物) for the Games were shown to the public in January, 2024. The slogan of the Games is “Dream of Winter, Love among Asia”. The words “Dream of Winter” show people’s common love for winter sports. The words “Love among Asia” show Asian people’s shared hope for friendship. The emblem of the Games was created by a team from Tsinghua University. It looks like the Chinese character “九”, which means the 9th Asian Winter Games. It also looks like the Chinese character “合”, telling the Chinese people’s wish to get together with Asian friends. In the emblem, there are elements (元素) like a short track speed skater’s sprinting posture (冲刺的姿势), the city flower of Harbin and the sign of the Olympic of Asia—the red sun. Mascots of the Games are a pair of cute Siberian tigers, called “Binbin” and “Nini”. Binbin represents the ice events, and Nini represents the snow events. The name “Binbin” is taken from the word “Harbin”, while the name “Nini” comes from the sound of “您” (You in English). So, when put together, they mean: “You are welcome to Harbin.” 1. Which of the following is NOT in the emblem? A. The shape of a skater. B. The wish of getting together. C. The slogan of the Games. D. The sign of the Olympic of Asia. 2. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to (指)? A. Binbin and Nini. B. The ice events. C. Harbin and You. D. The snow events. 3. Why did the writer write this passage? A. To ask people to watch the Asian Winter Games in Harbin. B. To encourage people to take part in the 9th Asian Winter Games C. To ask people to buy the mascots of the 9th Asian Winter Games. D. To introduce some information about the 9th Asian Winter Games. （十七） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴新昌·期末D篇） Did you go on a long train or bus journey (旅行)? Did you feel tired during the journey? Have you ever wondered why you feel tired on a long journey, even when you’ve been sitting the whole time? Research has found that feeling tired is actually a symptom (症状) of motion sickness (晕动病). Almost everyone will become motion sick. And about one person in three is very sensitive (敏锐的) to motion sickness. Research has found that while passengers are traveling, their brains (大脑) are working hard to process (加工) the motion of the vehicle (车辆) . And they may feel a mismatch (不协调) between what their feelings are telling them and what their bodies expect to feel. Changes in speed, turning corners, and stopping and starting are motions that our bodies are not really used to, and these can make us feel unwell. Some people may get sickness faster than others. But it has been found that the longer you travel, the more likely you are to feel sick. Even the activities we do while traveling can have an effect (影响) on how we feel. Passing the time by reading a book or watching a film can create further sensory confusion (感觉困惑) , as our attention is no longer focused on processing the vehicle’s motion. To cut down the effect of motion sickness, you should sit as far forward in a vehicle as possible, there you can feel less motion. You can also get a window seat. And it can also help to close your eyes and sleep. 1. How did the writer lead into the topic (话题) ? A. By telling stories. B. By asking questions. C. By listing numbers. D. By giving examples. 2. On a bus of 36 passengers, how many are possibly very sensitive to motion sickness? A. About 10. B. About 12. C. About 13. D. About 18. 3. What is paragraph (段落) 3 mainly about? A. How motion sickness happens. B. What motion sickness is like. C. How people solve motion sickness. D. What results motion sickness causes. 4. Which of the following can be put into in paragraph 4? A. The reason is very clear. B. Their brains are working harder. C. We still can’t know why clearly. D. They’re sensitive to motion sickness. 5. What can we do if you want to feel less tired during a long bus journey? ①Have a sleep. ②Sit at the back of a vehicle. ③Sit in the front of a vehicle. ④Try hard to feel motion sickness. A. ①② B. ②④ C. ①③ D. ③④ （十八） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州临海·期末C篇） ①There is a saying, “You are what you eat.” How about, you are what you read? Many people believe reading can shape your identity (身份). ②Your identity is who or what you are and what you do. Books, magazines or even websites you often read or visit change the way you think and what you believe in, then decide the things you do. ③For example, an 8-year-old boy has read that throwing rubbish about is polluting and killing the earth, then he will believe it is bad and won’t do it again. This is the message he’ll share with the people around him. And they will see him as someone who loves the earth. This becomes part of his identity—an earth-lover. ④Research has shown that reading also changes the way you interact with (相互影响) people around you. Reading stories helps you imagine and understand situations and others better. You will be more open-minded, less self-centered and more caring. People may see you as someone who is warm-hearted, and that becomes part of your identity. ⑤It is important to read as it can shape your identity. Reading different kinds of books can help you become what you want to be. Read biographies (传记) of people who encourages you if you want to be more like them. If you want to be a creative writer, read more fiction books. If you want to be a songwriter, read more poetry! ⑥So, go on! Pick up a book today and read! A new YOU is waiting for you! 1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Killing the earth. B. Reading books. C. Polluting the earth. D. Throwing rubbish about. 2. From Paragraph 5, we know that reading makes a difference to one’s ________. A. mind B. job C. body D. hobby 3. What is the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 4. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A. To call on us to read more books. B. To give us advice on how to read. C. To help us to understand what identity is. D. To advise us to change our reading habits. （十九） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州临海·期末D篇） For most human history, the stars shone brightly in a dark night sky. But today, with many man-made lights, it is difficult for us to watch some wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies (星系). This is in fact a kind of light pollution. According to scientific research, you can see about 2, 500 stars without using any special tools. But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from the countryside, and no more than 10 stars from a city. In most big cities, people cannot see stars like they did in their childhood. The main reasons of more brightness of the night sky are industrialization (工业化) and the growing use of outdoor LEDs, which are much brighter than traditional lighting. It brings a lot of bad results. Scientists find it hard to see the stars and planets. And too much light might make birds lose their ways at night. Some insects (昆虫) often fly towards light and may knock into buildings and lose lives. Sometimes light pollution makes us have sleeping problems. Small actions, big changes. To stop things from going worse, we should use the right amount (数量) of light, in the right place and at the right time. Using yellow-colored light instead of white light, shining lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky are also helpful. We’d better remind people around us to help cut down light pollution as well. Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the beauty of the night sky again and all wildlife will live a peaceful life! 1. How does the writer support his idea in Paragraph 2? A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers. C. By asking questions. D. By giving examples. 2. According to Paragraph 3, which are the results of light pollution? ①Scientists see stars clearly. ②Birds get lost easily. ③Many insects may die. ④Some people feel sick. A. ①②④ B. ①②③ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Light pollution mainly comes from the nature. B. The brighter the sky, the fewer stars you can see. C. Traditional lighting is brighter than LED lighting. D. White lights are much better for the environment. 4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean? A. If you want to see stars, we must make changes. B. It’s of great importance to cut down light pollution. C. We can do simple things to cut down light pollution. D. There are a lot of ways of cutting down light pollution. （二十） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州路桥·期末B篇） Many scientists are famous for their inventions or great works. For Leonardo da Vinci, it is difficult to know where to start. He was a talent in many subjects including art, engineering and science. Da Vinci was born in Italy, on 15 April, 1452. He became interested in drawing pictures when he was very young. At the age of 15, he began to study painting. After that, he became a good painter and went to Milan. One of his most famous paintings is “The Mona Lisa”. He worked on this painting from 1503 until he died in 1519. Da Vinci never stopped learning. He taught himself maths and was crazy about the human body. During that period of time, most scientists didn’t know a lot about the human body. Da Vinci, however, dissected (解剖) dead bodies to see how the body worked. He was the first person to draw it correctly. His drawings were so amazing that doctors are still learning from them today. Da Vinci is not only a famous painter, but also a great inventor. He studied the flying of birds and designed many models of flying machines. One of these was an anemometer. It can measure (测量) the speed of the wind. Although few of his inventions really worked during his lifetime, they show that Da Vinci’s idea was hundreds of years ahead (领先的) of that age. In the past 500 years, people all over the world have still been celebrating this great artist, inventor and scientist for his talent. 1. Which is the correct order to fill in the timeline of Da Vinci? a. Da Vinci went to Milan. b. Da Vinci started learning painting. c. Da Vinci began his work “The Mona Lisa”. A. b-c-a B. c-a-b C. a-c-b D. b-a-c 2. What does the underlined word “anemometer” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. A kind of machine. B. A kind of building. C. A work of painting. D. A drawing of human body. 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. Da Vinci learned about the human body from the doctor. B. Scientists in that period of time knew the human body well. C. Da Vinci’s drawings of human body were correct and successful. D. Both the scientists and the doctors of that period of time were good at math. 4. What kind of person is Da Vinci? A. Kind and helpful. B. Clever and hard-working. C. Talented and outgoing. D. Quiet and warm-hearted. （二十一） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州路桥·期末C篇） Do you like spring? In a cold winter, do you expect the warm spring days to come? This idea is called a “hope”. Hope makes us strong, even when things don’t go as we expect. Hope is a positive (积极的) feeling. It tells us things will get better. “When I’m hopeful, I can find the best part in myself. I study better and get better grades.” says Jonah, an eighteen-year-old girl. Why is it so helpful? Because a “hope” is more than a “wish”. If we have a hope, we not only wish the best things to come, but will also try our best to make our dreams come true. Charles Snyder, a psychologist (心理学家), finds there are three main parts of a hopeful mind: first, have a goal (目标); second, come up with different ideas to achieve it; third, believe in yourself. Hope is important because it cheers us up and makes us think of what is possible. When we learn something new, such as trying out a new sport or taking up a hobby, being hopeful gives us courage (勇气) so we are not afraid. Studies show that being hopeful not only helps us learn better at school, but also helps us build strong friendships, and be successful. How can we be more hopeful? Hope is a skill that we can learn. For example, if you hope to become a cook one day, try to learn how to make a dish every week. If you feel hopeless, read the stories of the successful people, or talk with someone you trust. Then you can be hopeful again. What’s more, think about how successful you will be in the future, so you will be glad to take action. 1. How does the writer begin the topic of “hope”? A. By telling a story. B. By asking questions. C. By listing numbers. D. By comparing two seasons. 2. What is NOT the main part of a hopeful mind, according to Charles Snyder? A. Making a goal. B. Thinking of ways to achieve it. C. Believing in yourself. D. Never give up. 3. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. What is hope. B. Why hope is important. C. When we can find hope. D. Who gives us hope. 4. The writer shows an example in the last paragraph to tell us ________. A. how to be more hopeful B. whose stories we can read C. it’s easy to learn to cook D. it’s difficult to become hopeful （二十二） （23-24八年级下·浙江台州路桥·期末D篇） Nowadays, memes (表情包) are popular among the teenagers to show their feelings online. Sometimes they use memes more than the language. Which is a better way to communicate with others, memes or language? Zhang Han, a 14-year-old boy, shows his opinion: “When communicating online, I’m always glad to use the cute memes. But when it comes to my study, memes are useless. The language offers a richer way to show my feelings in writing. You know, everyone’s feelings are special. So I need to find different words and sentences.” “Then I tell myself to stop depending too much on memes. They are like snacks. Maybe they seem convenient and tasty, but they can’t substitute (代替 ) for a healthy meal. We shouldn’t communicate with each other only by using memes.” However, Kiara Amato, a French girl, has a different idea: “I’m not good at using the language. But I think it’s OK because I like painting. When I paint, I can show how I feel without using a lot of words. “Last term, I had to write a speech for my school. It was hard for me. But then I remembered my paint-brushes. So I painted how I felt. When I showed my painting to my teacher, she was surprised but began to enjoy it at once. Painting is my way to share feelings. “With more and more people communicating on the Internet, I believe it is helpful to use memes. These pictures provide a quick way to show ourselves online. Moreover, people from different countries can understand each other by using memes. They become a bridge over cultural differences. “We have many ways to show ourselves. Music lets us share our feelings with songs and words. Dance helps us tell stories with our bodies. Even photography and cooking are useful for us to express (表达) ourselves. These different ways show others who we are.” 1. What does “They” refer to in Paragraph 4? A. The memes. B. The paintings. C. The writings. D. The languages. 2. How many ways of showing ourselves are mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 3. The purpose of writing the passage is ________. A. to ask people to stop using memes B. to remind people to use the language more often C. to encourage people to show their feelings in different ways D. to show different opinions on using the language and memes 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Language and Memes We Use. B. How to Use Language and Memes Online. C. Way to Communicate: The Language or Memes? D. Meme: A Popular Way of Communication Online. （二十三） （23-24八年级下·浙江温州苍南·期末B篇） ①This winter, the city of Harbin became the fifth most popular city for the 2024 New Year holiday. Known as “The Ice City” in Heilongjiang province, Harbin has become world-famous for having the largest ice and snow festival. ②The most popular place is the Harbin Ice and Snow World. It is like an ice Disneyland. There are more than 2,000 ice and snow sculptures (雕塑) every year in the “world”. People can enjoy different kinds of snow sports and activities as well. The huge ice slide (滑梯) is the most popular one among park-goers. “I have just tried the slide. It’s so wonderful that you can’t miss it.” He Xiaoyu told China Daily excitedly. ③Besides the Ice and Snow World, there are also ice and snow sculpture shows on Sun Island and an ice lantern show in Zhaolin park. For skiing lovers, Yabuli Ski Resort is a perfect place. To try its local food, Zhongyang Street with a history of over 110 years, is a must to visit. ④What’s more, going to Harbin for a holiday has been a hot topic on social media (媒体) for nearly the whole spring festival, changing the city into a dream holiday city. Also, the government has done many things to attract tourists, including having live concerts and firework shows, as well as improving dining, hotel and shopping services. 1. Which activity is the most popular one for park-goers? A. Ice skating. B. Live concerts. C. The huge ice slide. D. Snow sculpture shows. 2. What has the government done to make Harbin a dream holiday city? a. It has just built Zhongyang Street. b. It has invited lots of skiing lovers. c. It has improved its public services. d. It has planned different activities A. a&b B. c&d C. b&c D. d&a 3. What may be the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. （二十四） （23-24八年级下·浙江温州苍南·期末C篇） The Starlink system, is a main product of an American company called Space X. The company plans to send about 42,000 satellites to offer much faster and less expensive satellite (卫星) internet around the world. In order to send information faster, Space X has put built-in lasers (激光) on its newest Starlink satellites. With the higher speed of light in vacuum (真空) and the shorter path than undersea fiber (纤维), the laser links in orbit (轨道) help send satellite internet faster. And by getting closer to our planet and networking, Starlink satellites can quickly send a large amount of information to any point on Earth, even across oceans. However, some astronomers are afraid that bright satellites in Earth’s orbit will make them difficult to “watch” the universe. And some scientists are worried that there will probably be more space junk when the satellites are out of use or when the satellites hit others. The junk of course will be harmful to spaceships or space stations. And when some of the falling junk burn up in Earth’s atmosphere (大气层), it will cause uncertain changes in Earth’s climate (气候). Although the company promised that the satellites seemed impossible to hit others, the risk is still there. In 2021, China’s space station had to change its orbit to avoid the possible danger when Starlink satellites came close to it. So does the Starlink system really have more advantages to humans in the long term? Or will the risks outweigh its advantages? We still do not know the answers. 1. Why can the newest Starlink satellite send information faster? A. Because it has used built-in lasers. B. Because it is close to space stations. C. Because it has used undersea fiber. D. Because it is far from Earth’s orbit. 2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. It’s about how the Starlink system works. B. It’s about what the Starlink system looks like. C. It’s about why the Starlink system is impossible. D. It’s about what risks Starlink system may cause. 3. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage? A. The Indian company has sent the Starlink satellites. B. The Starlink system needs 420,000 satellites in total. C. The return of useless satellites may cause more space junk. D. The Starlink satellite changed its orbit to avoid danger in 2021. 4. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To encourage people to use the Starlink in their daily life. B. To introduce the bright future of a new invention of Space X. C. To show some worries about the development of the Starlink system. D. To provide some latest news about the progress of the Starlink system. （二十五） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴诸暨·期末C篇） ①These days, we easily feel stressed for the growing number of work we need to do. It’s important to know how to solve problems and find ways to relax. ②First, we should try organizing our problems from most important to least important as well as most urgent (紧急的) to least urgent. If some problems are both important and urgent, such as studying for a next-day test, do those tasks first. Once those are done, work on things that are important but not urgent, such as preparing for the final exams. From there, we can work on problems that are less important. Organizing our work this way helps a lot in knowing what to do first and not worrying about the rest. Or we might easily feel overwhelmed with so much work to do. ③Still, sometimes we feel overwhelmed even after organizing our work. If so, we can try to fit some exercise into our weekly plan. It doesn’t even have to be a big trip to the gym (体育馆). ④Finally, we can try to think deeply in silence. Again, this does not need to be anything special. Just set aside 10 to 20 minutes with a timer, close our eyes, and focus (集中) only on breathing. If other ideas come up, accept that they are there and let them fall away on their own. ⑤By trying these steps, we will go a long way toward feeling relaxed and peaceful when finishing all the work. 1. In Paragraph 2, how does the writer express his idea? ________ A. By listing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By telling stories. D. By giving examples. 2. What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” in Paragraph 2 mean? ________ A. Stressed. B. Bored. C. Perfect. D. Safe. 3. According to the writer, which of the following helps to solve problems? ________ A. Solving the less urgent things first. B. Working on problems together. C. Having a trip to the nature. D. Thinking deeply in silence. 4. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? ________ A. B. C. D. （二十六） （23-24八年级下·浙江绍兴诸暨·期末D篇） Have you ever imagined what life will be like in 2060? An international group of forty scientists have made some surprising predictions. They said that in the next few years, our lives would change a lot. Firstly, humans can grow body parts themselves. Dr. Ellen Heber-Katz is one of the forty scientists. He says, “People will think it common that sick parts of the body can be repaired. It is just like the way we fix a car.” Scientists could use human cells (细胞) to grow new parts. New technologies like this will also help people to live longer. Within several years, most people will be able to live to be one hundred years old. Secondly, the scientists have predicted that a machine will be invented to “read” the minds of animals. In 2060, ▲ . Scientists say that humans may first “talk” with mammals (哺乳动物) and then with other animals. Our daily life will be much easier. There will be more and more smart machines in our houses to help us. What’s more, there will be great robots to help us do all kinds of chores. But what would be the biggest achievement over the next few years? A number of scientists believe it would be the finding of aliens (外星人). NASA scientist Chris McKay says, “We may find aliens in space and talk with them.” He believes marks of alien life may even be found here on Earth. Does life in 2060 sound cool to you? Let’s wait and see what will really happen then! 1. How many changes does the passage talk about？ A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ”? A. there will be more mammals on the earth B. we need to keep on protecting animals C. we will be able to “talk” to animals D. we can find more kinds of animals 3. What would be the biggest finding in the next few years? A. Useful medicine. B. New land. C. Smart machines. D. Aliens. 4. What’s the best title for the passage? A. What Achievements Scientists Got B. How to Live Longer C. What Robots Can Do D. How the Life Would Be in 2060 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$