精品解析：天津市滨海新区大港油田实验中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题

油田实验2024-2025学年度第二学期高二英语 第二次阶段性测试 考试时间：120分钟；总分：150分 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 第一部分：听力理解（共2节，满分20分） 第一节：（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did John do in the morning? A. He had a checkup. B. He went to the hospital. C. He wrote an email. 2. How much are two chairs? A. $19. B. $20. C. $24. 3. Why is the woman upset? A. She can’t move into a new office. B. Her project is behind schedule. C. The noise is disturbing her work. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Holiday plans. B. New jobs. C. Schoolwork. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She did well in her term paper. B. She will finish her term paper soon. C. She has trouble finishing her term paper. 第二节：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. How does the man feel about the invitation? A. Uninterested. B. Annoyed. C. Excited. 7. Who is Billy? A. The man’s dentist. B. The man’s pet. C. The man’s brother. 8. What will be the man’s excuse for not going to the party? A. His dog’s sickness. B. His grandma’s birthday. C. His another appointment. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 9. What are the speakers doing? A. Planning a trip. B. Preparing for a wedding. C. Booking a travel package. 10. Why do the speakers give up going to the Caribbean? A The weather is bad. B. The cost is quite high. C. The hotels are fully booked. 11. What does the woman want to do? A. Apply for a passport. B. Learn to surf. C. Play golf today. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 12. Where does the talk probably take place? A. At a graduation ceremony. B. At a welcome party. C. At a parent-teacher meeting 13. How old is the speaker? A. 12 years old. B. 16 years old. C.18 years old. 14. What was the speaker’s feeling on his first day of school? A. Worry but encouragement. B. Excitement but puzzlement. C. Unhappiness but surprise. 15. What is the speaker’s advice on creating the future? A. Making good plans. B. Making your own decision. C. Making good use of your knowledge. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 一、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. We should take preventive measures so as to face the dangerous situations. A. tightly B. potentially C. barely D. passionately 2. With May Day , we should like to seize this opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mt. Panshan. A. on the whole B. on the contrary C. on the horizon D. on the corner 3. How to create enough jobs for the laid-off workers is a complex problem, so there is no simple . A. solution B. destination C. command D. conclusion 4. Thoreau’s writing aimed to people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do. A. advise B. believe C. suggest D. convince 5. Jenny can’t resist to buy the things that she doesn’t really need while shopping. A. being persuaded B. to persuade C. persuading D. to be persuaded 6. My decision is my own website after graduation from university. A. to set B. set C. having set D. to be set 7. People have always been about exactly how life on earth began. A. excited B. curious C. anxious D. careful 8. _______by self-interest， he is never absent _______ lectures on the subject． A. Motivated； for B. Motivating； for C. Being motivated； from D. Motivated； from 9. According to the law, everyone is before he or she is found guilty. A. initial B. innocent C. just D. independent 10. She sat there still, her whole attention on the lecturer. A. fixing B. to fix C. fixed D. was fixing 11. Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time, but I’m sure they’re happen sooner or later! A. eager to B. willing to C. bound to D. supposed to 12. People interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. A. who B. whose C. which D. that 13. Yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each an influential of their time. A. process B. access C. figure D. feature 14. we do listen to Rachel Carson’s warning, one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring. A. Since B. Though C. Unless D. As 15. —How do you find this restaurant? —______. The food in it is delicious. A. A friend told me B. I don’t think so C. It’s hard to find D. It can’t be better 二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___16___ and visit the doctor, providing ___17___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___18___ some small things she needs. Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___19___ about three dollars. The only ___20___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___21___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to ___22___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her. At this store, people ___23___ and then go off to the side to ___24___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ____25____ came up to her and said, “Here are the things that you ____26____ .” handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ____27____ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ____28____ for the woman’s name and address so that she could ____29____ her. The woman told her it was her ____30____ . My mother was so ____31____ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ____32____ the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough ____33____ for all of their groceries. So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ____34____ that not only helped my mother out, but ____35____ too. 16. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping 17. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter 18. A. return B. collect C. order D. buy 19. A. short B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned 20. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason 21. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses 22. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch 23. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down 24. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag 25. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor 26. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back 27. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle 28. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched 29. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help 30. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn 31 A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced 32. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that 33. A. energy B. money C. space D. time 34. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor 35. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand 第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） Here is a selection of books offering poems that range from being funny to being educational. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! By Fiona Waters. Illustrated by Britta Teckentrup. Containing a different poem for each day of the year, this beautiful book brings together a various selection of poetry inspired by the animal kingdom. There are old and new poems from all over the world, by poets including Lewis Carroll and Grace Nichols—as well as lots of attractive artwork. Dear Ugly Sisters By Laura Mucha. Illustrated by Tania Rex. The first collection from exciting new poet Laura Mucha explores all sorts of topics, such as science, space and classic fairy tales. Other poems are inspired by events that affect us today, such as Dear Key Workers, which praises those who have helped us all during the coronavirus pandemic. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice By A. F. Harrold. Illustrated by Mini Grey. There are all kinds of unexpected advice in this funny poetry book, whether you want to know about lively castles, breakfast or parrots. Bringing together lots of impressive poems by A. F. Harrold, it's also filled with fun illustrations by Mini Grey. On the Move By Michael Rosen. Illustrated by Quentin Blake. Two former Children's Laureates have joined forces to create this book. Michael Rosen has taken inspiration from his childhood and family history, as well as stories of migration from all over the world, to create poems that will leave you with lots to think about. 36. If you are passionate about animals, which book can you read? A. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! B. Dear Ugly Sisters C. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice D. On the Move 37. What is the poem named Dear Key Workers about? A. Kindness during tough times. B. Unexpected advice. C. Difficulties of migration. D. Science and technology. 38. Who is the author of the book with fun illustrations? A. Fiona Waters. B. Laura Mucha. C. A. F. Harrold. D. Michael Rosen. 39. What partly inspired Michael Rosen to write the book? A. The animal kingdom. B. Stories of migration. C. Classic fairy tales. D. Lively castles. 40. What do the four books have in common? A. They are all poetry books. B. They all include various topics. C. They are all designed for children only. D. They are all inspired by the animal kingdom. Technological progress has transformed every aspect of my life. I bank online and learn online. Just like other young people, when I’m hungry and busy, I will order food through a food delivery app, especially during the pandemic. These apps are fast and convenient. A survey of the food delivery service online conducted in the US shows that 26% of the people surveyed use food delivery service once a week, while 24% order food 2—3 times per week. Some have meals delivered even more often, with 8% ordering 6 times per week. However, I deleted Uber Eats from my phone two months ago. Not because I didn’t like using it. I loved it. I can order precisely what I feel like eating. And I can have that hot meal delivered to my door within about 30 minutes with only a small fee. It’s the kind of on-demand service that used to be reserved for the ultra-wealthy. Now ordinary people, like me, lying on their couches, working late in their living rooms, or isolating themselves at home during the pandemic can enjoy it, too. However, I was shocked when I knew that five delivery riders were killed in three months last spring. Some riders sometimes were paid at rates lower than the minimum wage or without much of the basic protection enjoyed by the rest of us. They were also doing their jobs in an unsafe working environment — our city streets. This is particularly the case in Sydney, where some major media organizations have complained about the construction of safe cycling infra-structure(基础设施)for decades and worse still, state governments have previously torn up bike paths. So I deleted the app and haven’t used it, or any of its competitors, since then. I have no illusions that my standpoint will make a big difference. But I think our governments need to fight against the companies reshaping our lives and our communities for the worse to make our cities safer for everyone, including cyclists. 41. What does the survey conducted in the US tell us? A. The use of food delivery apps. B. The quality of food delivery apps. C. People’s preference for certain apps. D. Influences of the food delivery service on people’s life. 42. What can we learn about Uber Eats from Paragraph 3? A. It used to deliver hot food. B. It can satisfy different users’ demands. C. It favors a particular group of people. D. It was the most popular app during the pandemic. 43. What’s the main reason for the author’s deleting Uber Eats? A. The extra delivery fee. B. The attraction from other apps. C. Delivery riders’ safety problems. D. Heavy traffic jams caused by delivery riders. 44. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the last paragraph? A. To ask us to rethink the advantages of technological advances. B. To call on us to play a role in the community development. C. To state the problems of commercial companies. D. To appeal to governments to make some changes. 45. What can be the best title for the text? A. Why I gave up using food delivery apps B. The rise and fall of Uber Eats C. My addiction to social apps D. How I can live with apps The rapid pace of global warming and its effects on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant. Writing in Nature, Juan P. González-Varo sheds light on the potential capacity of migratory (迁徙的) birds to aid seed dispersal. González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds. They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe. The authors hypothesized (假定) that the direction of seed migration depends on how the plants interact with migratory birds, the frequency of these interactions or the number of bird species that might transport seeds from each plant species. Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (进化树谱), might benefit from long-distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (小组) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter. This means that the ability of plants to keep up with climate change could be shaped by their evolutionary history – implying that future plant communities in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) will probably come from plant species that are phylogenetically closely related and that have migrated from the south. This study provides a great example of how migratory birds might assist plant redistribution to new locations that would normally be difficult for them to reach on their own, and which might offer a suitable climate. 46. The rapid pace of global warming and its effect are mentioned in Paragraph 1 ________. A. to call public attention to seed dispersal B. to show the threat of climate change to human beings C. to provide the background of González -Varo’s research D. to explain why some animals can adapt to climate change 47. How could plants keep pace with the rapid climate change according to González-Varo? A. With the help of wind and water. B. With the help of migratory birds. C. By adjusting themselves to the climate. D. By relying on animals on land. 48. How did González-Varo and his colleagues conduct the research? A. By analyzing related data. B. By conducting field research. C. By interviewing experts. D. By reviewing findings of previous studies. 49. What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A. Most plant species benefit from long-distance dispersal. B. The evolutionary history of different plants is similar. C. Plants with longer fruiting times adapt better when transported farther. D. Plant communities in different hemispheres will become less related phylogenetically. 50 What could be the best title for the text? A. Impacts of Climate Change on Migratory Birds. B. Different Ways to Redistribute Plants to New Climates. C. Plants Struggle to Keep Pace with Climate Change. D. Migratory Birds Aid the Redistribution of Plants to New Climates. Humans have evolved (进化) to spend long periods doing physical exercise. But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising? The complexity of the human brain is to blame. Evolving an ability doesn’t automatically mean we’ll want to use it. While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. It has to be: you’re pushing your body to its physical limits, which leads to significant discomfort. Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. Studies have shown that it calculates the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from squandering vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking over 30 km for a handful of berries. The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” requires constant and considerable effort — all for gradual progress and uncertain rewards. So, your brain’s tendency to ask, “Is it worth it? ” will be hard to quieten. This particular feature also means we typically prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward. Thankfully, the human brain is a complex organ. It isn’t ruled by its more primitive drives. While many species’ thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. Our brains can form multiple long-term goals and ambitions. We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. Or at least work toward it. This directly impacts how our brain processes motivation and willpower. It makes us capable of delayed gratification (满足): we can recognize that rejecting a reward now can lead to a greater reward later, and act accordingly. So how does the brain process motivation? The self-discrepancy (自我差异) theory suggests we have several “selves” active in our minds at any given time: our “actual” self, our “ideal” self, and our “ought” self. Your “actual” self is how you are right now. Your “ideal” self is what you want to be. And your “ought” self is the self that does what you ought to be doing to become your “ideal” self. So, if your “ideal” self is a professional footballer, and your “actual” self isn’t, your “ought” self is the one that spends a lot of time training, exercising, and getting better at football. As far as your brain is concerned, there are processes that discourage exercise, and processes that encourage it. Ideally, you’ll end up putting more weight on the latter than the former. 51. What can be learnt from the first two paragraphs? A. Some people are born physically weaker than others. B. Some people dislike driving themselves too hard physically. C Most people have the habit of doing physical exercise. D. Most people do physical exercise for comfort and pleasure. 52. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “squandering” in Paragraph 3? A. Conserving. B. Mixing. C. Misusing. D. Sharing. 53. What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4? A. To raise a question. B. To provide a definition. C. To make a comparison. D. To further explain a point. 54. According to the author, how are humans different from many other species? A. Humans are able to picture a favorable future. B. Humans benefit more from painful experiences. C. Humans care more about immediate rewards. D. Humans are skilled at avoiding dangers. 55. According to the self-discrepancy theory, who presents the most active “ought” self? A. A footballer dreaming of becoming a movie star. B. A student eating potato chips while watching TV. C. A professional dancer performing at a theatre. D. A swimmer training to win an Olympic medal. 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（满分35分） 第四部分 写作 一、阅读表达：本大题共5小题，共10分。 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Milan-based company Krill Design is changing the way we think about waste by creating furniture products from a plastic-like biomaterial named Rekrill. The special material is biodegradable, and can be used repeatedly. Founded in 2018, Krill uses fruit skin, orange seeds and coffee grounds collected from businesses in Italy to create their unique designs, including bookends, clocks, bowls, and lamps. Each product is made through a four-step process. “There are a lot of companies that create designs, and we want to be different,” says MarcoDi Maio, director of operations at Krill. Krill has worked together with some well-known brands and has also joined in a Co. ffee Era project with the government of Milan to reduce coffee waste produced in three of the city's neighborhoods. Krill has made products that match the color of food waste. For example, bright orange products are from orange skin and rich dark brown products are from coffee grounds. Rekrill is as strong as wood and breaks down safely unless it's touched by water or acidity. It is also safe for fish to eat. But despite its eco-friendly benefits, Rekrill is more expensive than common plastic due to its complex production process. However, Krill hopes that as awareness of the environmental impact of plastics grows, Rekrill will be more widely used. Krill is exploring the use of other food waste, such as eggshells and leftover tomatoes and grapes, aiming to make its production process more efficient and cost-effective. The company believes Rekrill is the material of the future. Every small step they take toward a sustainable world contributes to a more recyclable economy and inspires others to follow suit. 56. How does the company Krill Design change the way people think about waste? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. How many steps does each product need before it is made? (no more than 2 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What is the disadvantage of Rekrill compared with common plastic? (no more than 5 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean? (no more than 1 word) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Rekrill and explain? (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、书面表达（共1小题；满分25分） 61. 假设你是晨光中学学生李津。为了让学生亲近大自然，你校预计于5月1日举办春游踏青活动，请您写一封邮件邀请你的英国留学生朋友Chris共享春景，内容要点如下： （1）简要介绍时间、地点并发出邀请； （2）介绍活动安排（登山、野餐、赏景等）及这次活动的意义（自然对于我们的重要性）； （3）希望得到尽快回复 注意：1.词数不少于100词； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。 参考词汇：春游the spring outing Dear Chris, Good news for you! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 油田实验2024-2025学年度第二学期高二英语 第二次阶段性测试 考试时间：120分钟；总分：150分 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 第一部分：听力理解（共2节，满分20分） 第一节：（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did John do in the morning? A. He had a checkup. B. He went to the hospital. C. He wrote an email. 2. How much are two chairs? A. $19. B. $20. C. $24. 3. Why is the woman upset? A. She can’t move into a new office. B. Her project is behind schedule. C. The noise is disturbing her work. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Holiday plans. B. New jobs. C. Schoolwork. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She did well in her term paper. B. She will finish her term paper soon. C. She has trouble finishing her term paper. 第二节：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. How does the man feel about the invitation? A. Uninterested. B. Annoyed. C. Excited. 7. Who is Billy? A The man’s dentist. B. The man’s pet. C. The man’s brother. 8. What will be the man’s excuse for not going to the party? A. His dog’s sickness. B. His grandma’s birthday. C. His another appointment. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 9. What are the speakers doing? A. Planning a trip. B. Preparing for a wedding. C. Booking a travel package. 10. Why do the speakers give up going to the Caribbean? A. The weather is bad. B. The cost is quite high. C. The hotels are fully booked. 11. What does the woman want to do? A. Apply for a passport. B. Learn to surf. C. Play golf today. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 12. Where does the talk probably take place? A. At a graduation ceremony. B. At a welcome party. C. At a parent-teacher meeting 13. How old is the speaker? A. 12 years old. B. 16 years old. C.18 years old. 14. What was the speaker’s feeling on his first day of school? A. Worry but encouragement. B. Excitement but puzzlement. C. Unhappiness but surprise. 15. What is the speaker’s advice on creating the future? A. Making good plans. B. Making your own decision. C. Making good use of your knowledge. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 一、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. We should take preventive measures so as to face the dangerous situations. A. tightly B. potentially C. barely D. passionately 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们应该采取预防措施，以便应对潜在的危险情况。A. tightly紧紧地；B. potentially潜在地；C. barely几乎不；D. passionately热情地。根据take preventive measures可知，采取预防措施，以便应对潜在的危险情况，本空表示“潜在地”，用potentially。故选B。 2. With May Day , we should like to seize this opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mt. Panshan. A. on the whole B. on the contrary C. on the horizon D. on the corner 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着五一劳动节的到来，我们想借此机会欣赏盘山的美景。A. on the whole总的来说；B. on the contrary相反；C. on the horizon即将来临；D. on the corner在角落。根据句意可知，此处意为“随着五一劳动节的到来”，故应用短语on the horizon，故选C。 3. How to create enough jobs for the laid-off workers is a complex problem, so there is no simple . A. solution B. destination C. command D. conclusion 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何为下岗工人创造足够的就业机会是一个复杂的问题，因此没有简单的解决办法。A. solution解决办法；B. destination目的地；C. command命令；D. conclusion结论。由“How to create enough jobs for the laid-off workers is a complex problem”可知，空格处意为“解决办法”。故选A。 4. Thoreau’s writing aimed to people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do. A. advise B. believe C. suggest D. convince 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thoreau的写作目的是让人们相信动物和植物有生存和繁荣的权利，就像我们一样。A. advise建议，劝告；B. believe相信；C.suggest建议，提议 ；D. convince说服，使相信。根据后文“animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do”句意可知，其写作目的是想使人们相信动植物有像我们一样的生存权。故选D项。 5. Jenny can’t resist to buy the things that she doesn’t really need while shopping. A. being persuaded B. to persuade C. persuading D. to be persuaded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在购物时，Jenny禁不住被人劝去买她并不真正需要的东西。固定搭配resist doing sth.“抵制做某事”，且persuade和逻辑主语Jenny之间表示被动关系，此处需用动名词的被动式作宾语。故选A项。 6. My decision is my own website after graduation from university. A. to set B. set C. having set D. to be set 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的决定是大学毕业后建立自己的网站。句中“is”为系动词，空格处需用非谓语动词作表语，动词不定式to do可作表语表示将来的计划或意图，“set my own website”与主语“my decision”为主谓关系，应用主动形式。故选A项。 7. People have always been about exactly how life on earth began. A. excited B. curious C. anxious D. careful 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词义辨析。句意：人们一直对地球上的生命是如何开始的感到好奇。A. excited激动的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. careful小心的。根据about exactly how life on earth began可知，此处意为“对地球上的生命是如何开始的感到好奇”，故应用形容词curious作表语，故选B。 8 _______by self-interest， he is never absent _______ lectures on the subject． A. Motivated； for B. Motivating； for C. Being motivated； from D. Motivated； from 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词和固定搭配。句意：出于自身利益的驱使，他从不缺席有关这一主题的讲座。前半句没有主语，两句之间无连接词连接，所以第一空需要用非谓语动词，motivate和he之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作原因状语，故第一空填Motivated。be absent from表示“缺席...”，是固定搭配，故第二空填from，故选D项。 9. According to the law, everyone is before he or she is found guilty. A. initial B. innocent C. just D. independent 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据法律，每个人在被判有罪之前都是无罪的。A. initial最初的；B. innocent清白无罪的；C. just正义的；D. independent独立的。由“before he or she is found guilty”可知，句子表示“每个人在被判有罪之前都是无罪的”，空格处意为“清白无罪的”，故选B。 10. She sat there still, her whole attention on the lecturer. A. fixing B. to fix C. fixed D. was fixing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她静静地坐在那里，整个注意力都集中在演讲者身上。根据空格前的逗号和her whole attention以及选项内容可知，此处考查独立主格结构，动词fix与其逻辑主语her whole attention之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词fixed构成独立主格。故选C项。 11. Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time, but I’m sure they’re happen sooner or later! A. eager to B. willing to C. bound to D. supposed to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：有些想法听起来可能远远超前于时代，但我相信它们迟早一定会实现！A. eager to急于；B. willing to愿意；C. bound to注定会；D. supposed to应该。根据happen sooner or later可知，这里指这些想法注定会实现。故选C项。 12. People interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. A. who B. whose C. which D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对探索艺术与科学之间关系感兴趣的人会喜欢新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词替代先行词，先行词People和interest之间是所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导定语从句，表所属，在从句中作定语。故选B。 13. Yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each an influential of their time. A. process B. access C. figure D. feature 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们都对自然怀着强烈的敬畏之情，这使他们各自成为了他们那个时代有影响力的人物。A. process过程；B. access通道，机会；C. figure人物；D. feature特征。根据“they shared an intense respect for nature”及语境可知，他们对大自然怀有深厚的敬意，所以，他们应该是“有影响力的人物”，应使用名词figure。故选C项。 14. we do listen to Rachel Carson’s warning, one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring. A. Since B. Though C. Unless D. As 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：除非我们听从雷切尔·卡森的警告，否则有一天我们可能会在寂静的春天中惊醒，感受到那种陌生而安静的恐怖。A. since自从；B. though虽然，尽管； C. unless除非；D. as当……时；因为。这里表达的是“如果不听从警告就会有不好的结果”，unless意思是“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故填C。 15. —How do you find this restaurant? —______. The food in it is delicious. A A friend told me B. I don’t think so C. It’s hard to find D. It can’t be better 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你觉得这家餐厅怎么样? ——再好不过了。里面的食物很美味。A. A friend told me一个朋友告诉我了；B. I don’t think so我不这么认为；C. It’s hard to find很难找到；D. It can’t be better不能再好了。根据How do you find可知，这是对看法进行提问，表示“你觉得……怎么样”，由The food in it is delicious可知，所以D选项的回答符合语境。故选D项。 二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___16___ and visit the doctor, providing ___17___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___18___ some small things she needs. Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___19___ about three dollars. The only ___20___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___21___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to ___22___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her. At this store, people ___23___ and then go off to the side to ___24___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ____25____ came up to her and said, “Here are the things that you ____26____ .” handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ____27____ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ____28____ for the woman’s name and address so that she could ____29____ her. The woman told her it was her ____30____ . My mother was so ____31____ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ____32____ the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough ____33____ for all of their groceries. So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ____34____ that not only helped my mother out, but ____35____ too. 16. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping 17. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter 18. A. return B. collect C. order D. buy 19. A. short B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned 20. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason 21. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses 22. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch 23. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down 24. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag 25. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor 26. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back 27. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle 28. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched 29 A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help 30. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn 31. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced 32. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that 33. A. energy B. money C. space D. time 34. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor 35. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者年迈的母亲在超市购物时，得到陌生人帮助的故事。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A. exercise锻炼；B. housework家务活；C. cooking烹饪；D. shopping购物。根据上文中的“My mother is 92”和下一句中的“go to a nearby store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A. reward报酬，酬谢；B. medicine药；C. company陪伴；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护。根据前文“My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each weekI take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的一些小东西。A. return返回；B. collect收集；C. order订购；D. buy买。根据上文的“she likes to go to a nearby store”和下文中的“small things she needs”可知，作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周她走进商店，当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3美元。A. short缺少的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. wrong错误的；D. concerned关心的。根据下文中的“The only 5 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 6 she could do without…”可知，作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. aim目标；B. way方法，方式；C. advice建议；D. reason原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不够，所以把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一“方式”。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. weight重量；B. things东西；C. mask口罩；D. glasses眼镜。根据下文中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的“东西”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额范围。A. raise提高；B. add添加；C. bring使……处于某种状况，使……到某地；D. switch转变。根据上文可知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring sth. to sth.表示“使……处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. show up出现，露面；B. call in叫……来，拜访；C. check out结账离开；D. sit down坐下。根据空后的“then go off to the side”可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. store贮藏；B. select挑选；C. deliver递送；D. bag把……装进袋子。根据下一句中的“putting her groceries into shopping bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收银员；C. friend朋友；D. doctor医生。根据下文中的“She _13__ for the woman’s name and address”可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的姓名和地址。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. look for寻找；B. talk about谈论；C. throw away扔掉；D. put back放回。根据上一段的“…take off the _6__ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，由于缺大约3美元，作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出来，放回到货架上。故选D。 27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. receipt收据；B. soap肥皂；C. cash现金；D. bottle瓶子。根据上文中的“…take off the _6__ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东西买了下来。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A. asked询问；B. waited等待；C. cared在乎；D. searched搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名和住址以便报答对方的帮助。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A. repay报答；B. trust信任；C. recognize认出；D. help帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方的姓名和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。A. luck运气；B. chance机会；C. gift礼物；D. turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She was so _16__ by her gesture that …”可知，这个女人的行为感动了作者母亲，可得出这个女人并没有告诉作者母亲她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母亲的报答。所以这是她给母亲的“礼物”。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲如此感动以至于她决定回到那家商店给收银员5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. surprised惊讶的；B. amused被逗乐的；C. touched受到触动的，感动的；D. convinced相信的。陌生女人的无私帮助感动了母亲。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. in case以防，万一；B. even if即使；C. as though好像；D. so that以便，结果……。如果其他人遇到没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西时，母亲的五美元钞票可以提供一些帮助。所以母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，就是以防同样情况的发生。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. energy能量，精力；B. money钱；C. space地方，空间；D. time时间。根据上文中的“a five-dollar bill”可知，作者母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防有人没有足够的“钱”来支付他们所购买的东西。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不仅帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。A. faith信任，信念；B. courage勇气；C. kindness善良；D. honor荣誉。陌生女人帮助母亲，这是一种“善意的”行为。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不仅帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。A. make one’s day使某人开心；B. change one’s mind改变主意；C. catch one’s eye吸引某人的注意力；D. meet one’s demand满足某人的要求。得到帮助，作者母亲心情愉悦，十分开心。故选A。 第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） Here is a selection of books offering poems that range from being funny to being educational. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! By Fiona Waters. Illustrated by Britta Teckentrup. Containing a different poem for each day of the year, this beautiful book brings together a various selection of poetry inspired by the animal kingdom. There are old and new poems from all over the world, by poets including Lewis Carroll and Grace Nichols—as well as lots of attractive artwork. Dear Ugly Sisters By Laura Mucha. Illustrated by Tania Rex. The first collection from exciting new poet Laura Mucha explores all sorts of topics, such as science, space and classic fairy tales. Other poems are inspired by events that affect us today, such as Dear Key Workers, which praises those who have helped us all during the coronavirus pandemic. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice By A. F. Harrold. Illustrated by Mini Grey. There are all kinds of unexpected advice in this funny poetry book, whether you want to know about lively castles, breakfast or parrots. Bringing together lots of impressive poems by A. F. Harrold, it's also filled with fun illustrations by Mini Grey. On the Move By Michael Rosen. Illustrated by Quentin Blake. Two former Children's Laureates have joined forces to create this book. Michael Rosen has taken inspiration from his childhood and family history, as well as stories of migration from all over the world, to create poems that will leave you with lots to think about. 36. If you are passionate about animals, which book can you read? A. Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! B. Dear Ugly Sisters C. The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice D. On the Move 37. What is the poem named Dear Key Workers about? A. Kindness during tough times. B. Unexpected advice. C. Difficulties of migration. D. Science and technology. 38. Who is the author of the book with fun illustrations? A. Fiona Waters. B. Laura Mucha. C. A. F. Harrold. D. Michael Rosen. 39. What partly inspired Michael Rosen to write the book? A. The animal kingdom. B. Stories of migration. C. Classic fairy tales. D. Lively castles. 40. What do the four books have in common? A. They are all poetry books. B. They all include various topics. C. They are all designed for children only. D. They are all inspired by the animal kingdom. 【答案】36. A 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了几本精选出来的书，提供了从有趣到发人深省的诗歌。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright! 下的介绍“Containing a different poem for each day of the year, this beautiful book brings together a various selection of poetry inspired by the animal kingdom.( 这本美丽的书包含了一年中每一天的不同诗歌，汇集了受动物王国启发的各种诗歌。)”可知，这本书适合喜欢动物的人，故选择A项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Dear Ugly Sisters下的介绍“Other poems are inspired by events that affect us today, such as Dear Key Workers, which praises those who have helped us all during the coronavirus pandemic.(其他诗歌的灵感来自今天影响我们的事件，比如《亲爱的关键工人》，它赞扬了在冠状病毒大流行期间帮助我们所有人的人。)”可知，这首诗是关于困难时期的善良的，故选择A项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Book of Not Entirely Useful Advice 下的介绍“Bringing together lots of impressive poems by A. F. Harrold, it's also filled with fun illustrations by Mini Grey. (它汇集了A.F.Harrold的许多令人印象深刻的诗歌，还配有Mini Grey的有趣插图。) ”配有有趣插图的书的作者是A.F.Harrold，故选择C项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据On the Move下的介绍“Michael Rosen has taken inspiration from his childhood and family history, as well as stories of migration from all over the world, to create poems that will leave you with lots to think about.( 迈克尔·罗森从他的童年和家族历史，以及来自世界各地的移民故事中汲取灵感，创作了一些诗歌，让你有很多思考的地方。) ”可知，迈克尔·罗森是从移民故事中获取的灵感，故选择B项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Here is a selection of books offering poems that range from being funny to being thought-provoking (以下是精选的几本书，提供了从有趣到发人深省的诗歌)”可知，这几本书的共同之处是都是诗集。故选择A项。 Technological progress has transformed every aspect of my life. I bank online and learn online. Just like other young people, when I’m hungry and busy, I will order food through a food delivery app, especially during the pandemic. These apps are fast and convenient. A survey of the food delivery service online conducted in the US shows that 26% of the people surveyed use food delivery service once a week, while 24% order food 2—3 times per week. Some have meals delivered even more often, with 8% ordering 6 times per week. However, I deleted Uber Eats from my phone two months ago. Not because I didn’t like using it. I loved it. I can order precisely what I feel like eating. And I can have that hot meal delivered to my door within about 30 minutes with only a small fee. It’s the kind of on-demand service that used to be reserved for the ultra-wealthy. Now ordinary people, like me, lying on their couches, working late in their living rooms, or isolating themselves at home during the pandemic can enjoy it, too. However, I was shocked when I knew that five delivery riders were killed in three months last spring. Some riders sometimes were paid at rates lower than the minimum wage or without much of the basic protection enjoyed by the rest of us. They were also doing their jobs in an unsafe working environment — our city streets. This is particularly the case in Sydney, where some major media organizations have complained about the construction of safe cycling infra-structure(基础设施)for decades and worse still, state governments have previously torn up bike paths. So I deleted the app and haven’t used it, or any of its competitors, since then. I have no illusions that my standpoint will make a big difference. But I think our governments need to fight against the companies reshaping our lives and our communities for the worse to make our cities safer for everyone, including cyclists. 41. What does the survey conducted in the US tell us? A. The use of food delivery apps. B. The quality of food delivery apps. C. People’s preference for certain apps. D. Influences of the food delivery service on people’s life. 42. What can we learn about Uber Eats from Paragraph 3? A. It used to deliver hot food. B. It can satisfy different users’ demands. C. It favors a particular group of people. D. It was the most popular app during the pandemic. 43. What’s the main reason for the author’s deleting Uber Eats? A. The extra delivery fee. B. The attraction from other apps. C. Delivery riders’ safety problems. D. Heavy traffic jams caused by delivery riders. 44. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the last paragraph? A. To ask us to rethink the advantages of technological advances. B. To call on us to play a role in the community development. C. To state the problems of commercial companies. D. To appeal to governments to make some changes. 45. What can be the best title for the text? A. Why I gave up using food delivery apps B. The rise and fall of Uber Eats C. My addiction to social apps D. How I can live with apps 【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己删除外卖APP的原因，来呼吁政府需要与那些让我们的生活和社区变得更糟的公司作斗争，让我们的城市对每个人来说都是更安全的。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A survey of the food delivery service online conducted in the US shows that 26% of the people surveyed use food delivery service once a week, while 24% order food 2—3 times per week. Some have meals delivered even more often, with 8% ordering 6 times per week.(一项针对美国在线外卖服务的调查显示，26%的受访者每周使用一次外卖服务，而24%的人每周订购2-3次。有些人甚至更频繁地叫餐，8%的人每周点6次餐)”可知，在美国进行的调查告诉了我们外卖APP的使用频次。故选A项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I can order precisely what I feel like eating. And I can have that hot meal delivered to my door within about 30 minutes with only a small fee. It’s the kind of on-demand service that used to be reserved for the ultra-wealthy. Now ordinary people, like me, lying on their couches, working late in their living rooms, or isolating themselves at home during the pandemic can enjoy it, too.(我可以点我想吃的东西。而且我只需付很少的费用，就可以在大约30分钟内叫人把热饭送到我家门口。这种按需服务曾经是超级富豪的专利。现在，像我这样的普通人，在大流行期间躺在沙发上，在客厅里工作到很晚，或把自己隔离在家里，也可以享受它)”可知，Uber Eats可以满足不同用户的需求。故选B项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However, I was shocked when I knew that five delivery riders were killed in three months last spring. Some riders sometimes were paid at rates lower than the minimum wage or without much of the basic protection enjoyed by the rest of us. They were also doing their jobs in an unsafe working environment — our city streets.(然而，去年春天，当我知道3个月内有5名快递员死亡时，我感到震惊。有些骑手的工资有时比最低工资还低，或者没有我们其他人所享有的基本保障。他们也在一个不安全的工作环境中工作——我们的城市街道)”以及最后一段中“So I deleted the app and haven’t used it, or any of its competitors, since then.(所以我删除了这款应用，从那以后再也没用过它，也没用过它的任何竞争对手)”可知，作者删除Uber Eats的主要原因是送货员的安全问题。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I have no illusions that my standpoint will make a big difference. But I think our governments need to fight against the companies reshaping our lives and our communities for the worse to make our cities safer for everyone, including cyclists.(我不幻想我的立场会产生重大影响。但我认为，我们的政府需要与那些让我们的生活和社区变得更糟的公司作斗争，让我们的城市对每个人都更安全，包括骑自行车的人)”可知，作者写最后一段的目的是呼吁政府做出一些改变。故选D项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Just like other young people, when I’m hungry and busy, I will order food through a food delivery app, especially during the pandemic. These apps are fast and convenient.(就像其他年轻人一样，当我又饿又忙的时候，我会通过外卖app订餐，尤其是在疫情期间。这些应用程序又快又方便)”可知，作者本来和其他年轻人一样，也喜欢用外卖APP，再根据第三段“However, I deleted Uber Eats from my phone two months ago.(然而，两个月前，我从手机上删除了优步外卖)”以及最后一段“So I deleted the app and haven’t used it, or any of its competitors, since then.(所以我删除了这款应用，从那以后再也没用过它，也没用过它的任何竞争对手)”可知，本文之后是在讲作者为什么删除外卖APP，所以A项“Why I gave up using food delivery apps(为什么我放弃了用外卖软件)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。 The rapid pace of global warming and its effects on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant. Writing in Nature, Juan P. González-Varo sheds light on the potential capacity of migratory (迁徙的) birds to aid seed dispersal. González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds. They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe. The authors hypothesized (假定) that the direction of seed migration depends on how the plants interact with migratory birds, the frequency of these interactions or the number of bird species that might transport seeds from each plant species. Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (进化树谱), might benefit from long-distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (小组) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter. This means that the ability of plants to keep up with climate change could be shaped by their evolutionary history – implying that future plant communities in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) will probably come from plant species that are phylogenetically closely related and that have migrated from the south. This study provides a great example of how migratory birds might assist plant redistribution to new locations that would normally be difficult for them to reach on their own, and which might offer a suitable climate. 46. The rapid pace of global warming and its effect are mentioned in Paragraph 1 ________. A. to call public attention to seed dispersal B. to show the threat of climate change to human beings C. to provide the background of González -Varo’s research D. to explain why some animals can adapt to climate change 47. How could plants keep pace with the rapid climate change according to González-Varo? A. With the help of wind and water. B. With the help of migratory birds. C. By adjusting themselves to the climate. D. By relying on animals on land. 48. How did González-Varo and his colleagues conduct the research? A. By analyzing related data. B. By conducting field research. C. By interviewing experts. D. By reviewing findings of previous studies. 49. What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A. Most plant species benefit from long-distance dispersal. B. The evolutionary history of different plants is similar. C. Plants with longer fruiting times adapt better when transported farther. D. Plant communities in different hemispheres will become less related phylogenetically. 50. What could be the best title for the text? A. Impacts of Climate Change on Migratory Birds. B. Different Ways to Redistribute Plants to New Climates. C. Plants Struggle to Keep Pace with Climate Change. D. Migratory Birds Aid the Redistribution of Plants to New Climates. 【答案】46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。第一段中“The rapid pace of global warming and its effects on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant.(全球变暖的快速速度及其对栖息地的影响提出了一个问题，即物种是否能够跟上变化，从而保持适宜的生活条件。一些动物可以快速移动以适应快速变化的气候。植物的移动性较差，它们依靠动物、风或水传播种子等手段来转移到新的地区，但这种重新分配通常发生在原植物的一公里范围内)”提到了气候变化迅速，一些动物可以快速移动来适应快速变化的气候，但是植物移动性差，通常只能在一公里的范围移动，下文讲述了González-Varo关于“植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化”，所以文章提及快速变化的气候和其影响是为了给González -Varo的研究提供背景信息。故选C。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds.(González-Varo和同事报告了植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化)”可知，González-Varo的研究表明，植物是通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化，故选B。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe.(他们分析了一个令人印象深刻的数据集，包括鸟类和植物群落之间949种不同的种子传播相互作用，以及整个欧洲鸟类的整个结果期和迁徙模式的数据)”可知，González-Varo和他的同事是通过分析相关数据来进行研究的。故选A。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (进化树谱), might benefit from long-distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (小组) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter.(也许这些推测的种子运动最显著的特征是观察到，在欧洲群落中，与进化树谱密切相关的35%的植物物种可能受益于候鸟向北的长途传播。这种特殊的植物子集倾向于在很长一段时间内结果，或者在冬天保持果实)”可知，结果期较长的植物在长途传播时适应得更好。故选C。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds.(González-Varo和同事报告了植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化)”可知，文章主要讲述植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。故选D。 Humans have evolved (进化) to spend long periods doing physical exercise. But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising? The complexity of the human brain is to blame. Evolving an ability doesn’t automatically mean we’ll want to use it. While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. It has to be: you’re pushing your body to its physical limits, which leads to significant discomfort. Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. Studies have shown that it calculates the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from squandering vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking over 30 km for a handful of berries. The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” requires constant and considerable effort — all for gradual progress and uncertain rewards. So, your brain’s tendency to ask, “Is it worth it? ” will be hard to quieten. This particular feature also means we typically prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward. Thankfully, the human brain is a complex organ. It isn’t ruled by its more primitive drives. While many species’ thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. Our brains can form multiple long-term goals and ambitions. We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. Or at least work toward it. This directly impacts how our brain processes motivation and willpower. It makes us capable of delayed gratification (满足): we can recognize that rejecting a reward now can lead to a greater reward later, and act accordingly. So how does the brain process motivation? The self-discrepancy (自我差异) theory suggests we have several “selves” active in our minds at any given time: our “actual” self, our “ideal” self, and our “ought” self. Your “actual” self is how you are right now. Your “ideal” self is what you want to be. And your “ought” self is the self that does what you ought to be doing to become your “ideal” self. So, if your “ideal” self is a professional footballer, and your “actual” self isn’t, your “ought” self is the one that spends a lot of time training, exercising, and getting better at football. As far as your brain is concerned, there are processes that discourage exercise, and processes that encourage it. Ideally, you’ll end up putting more weight on the latter than the former. 51. What can be learnt from the first two paragraphs? A. Some people are born physically weaker than others. B. Some people dislike driving themselves too hard physically. C. Most people have the habit of doing physical exercise. D. Most people do physical exercise for comfort and pleasure. 52. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “squandering” in Paragraph 3? A. Conserving. B. Mixing. C. Misusing. D. Sharing. 53. What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4? A. To raise a question. B. To provide a definition. C. To make a comparison. D. To further explain a point. 54. According to the author, how are humans different from many other species? A. Humans are able to picture a favorable future. B. Humans benefit more from painful experiences. C. Humans care more about immediate rewards. D. Humans are skilled at avoiding dangers. 55. According to the self-discrepancy theory, who presents the most active “ought” self? A. A footballer dreaming of becoming a movie star. B. A student eating potato chips while watching TV. C. A professional dancer performing at a theatre. D. A swimmer training to win an Olympic medal. 【答案】51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了并非人人都喜欢体育锻炼的原因，指出这是因为人脑对无谓的努力很抵触且锻炼本身的回报不确定，不过大脑能形成长期目标、处理动机，我们能学会延时满足，为目标不懈努力。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising? (但是为什么不是每个人都喜欢锻炼呢？)”和第二段中“While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. It has to be: you’re pushing your body to its physical limits, which leads to significant discomfort. (虽然体育锻炼并没有那么糟糕，但它通常还是令人不愉快的。这是必然的：你正在把你的身体推向它的身体极限，这导致了明显的不适)”可知，有些人不喜欢锻炼是身体被迫达到体能极限时会感到明显不适。由此可知，有些人不喜欢对自己的身体施加太大的压力。故选B项。 【52题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. Studies have shown that it calculates the effort required for actions (另一个问题是，人类的大脑对浪费精力非常敏感。研究表明，它可以计算出行动所需的努力)”可知，人脑对无谓的努力很抵触。由此可知，此处指“它会阻止我们将重要资源浪费在无效的努力上”，画线词意思应该是“浪费，滥用”，与Misusing意思相近。故选C项。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。第三段中的“Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. (另一个问题是，人类的大脑对浪费精力非常敏感)”指出人脑对无谓的努力很抵触，第四段“The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” requires constant and considerable effort — all for gradual progress and uncertain rewards. So, your brain’s tendency to ask, “Is it worth it? ” will be hard to quieten. This particular feature also means we typically prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward (问题是，有规律的锻炼来保持“身材”需要持续和相当大的努力——所有这些都是渐进的，回报是不确定的。所以，你的大脑问“这值得吗？”问题的倾向将很难平息。这个特殊的特征也意味着我们通常更喜欢那些付出最少努力却获得最大回报的东西)”用规律锻炼以保持身材的例子具体说明人脑的这种工作机制。由此可知，作者写第四段的目的是进一步解释上文的观点。故选D项。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“While many species’ thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. Our brains can form multiple long-term goals and ambitions. We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. (虽然许多物种的思维过程仅限于“食物，吃它！”、“危险，快跑！”、“痛苦，躲避！”，我们已经超越了这一点。我们的大脑可以形成多个长期目标和抱负。我们可以想象一个理想的未来场景，弄清楚我们如何实现它，然后去做)”可知，人类与许多其他物种的不同之处在于，人类能够想象一个美好的未来。故选A项。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“And your “ought” self is the self that does what you ought to be doing to become your “ideal” self. So, if your “ideal” self is a professional footballer, and your “actual” self isn’t, your “ought” self is the one that spends a lot of time training, exercising, and getting better at football. (你的“应该”自我就是做你应该做的事情来成为你的“理想”自我的那个自我。所以，如果你的“理想”自我是一名职业足球运动员，而你的“实际”自我不是，那么你的“应该”自我就是花大量时间训练、锻炼，并在足球方面做得更好的那个人)”可知，“自我差异”理论认为“应该”自我会使人为奋斗目标持续努力。由此可知，为赢得奥运奖牌而训练的游泳运动员表现出最活跃的“应该”自我。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（满分35分） 第四部分 写作 一、阅读表达：本大题共5小题，共10分。 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Milan-based company Krill Design is changing the way we think about waste by creating furniture products from a plastic-like biomaterial named Rekrill. The special material is biodegradable, and can be used repeatedly. Founded in 2018, Krill uses fruit skin, orange seeds and coffee grounds collected from businesses in Italy to create their unique designs, including bookends, clocks, bowls, and lamps. Each product is made through a four-step process. “There are a lot of companies that create designs, and we want to be different,” says MarcoDi Maio, director of operations at Krill. Krill has worked together with some well-known brands and has also joined in a Co. ffee Era project with the government of Milan to reduce coffee waste produced in three of the city's neighborhoods. Krill has made products that match the color of food waste. For example, bright orange products are from orange skin and rich dark brown products are from coffee grounds. Rekrill is as strong as wood and breaks down safely unless it's touched by water or acidity. It is also safe for fish to eat. But despite its eco-friendly benefits, Rekrill is more expensive than common plastic due to its complex production process. However, Krill hopes that as awareness of the environmental impact of plastics grows, Rekrill will be more widely used. Krill is exploring the use of other food waste, such as eggshells and leftover tomatoes and grapes, aiming to make its production process more efficient and cost-effective. The company believes Rekrill is the material of the future. Every small step they take toward a sustainable world contributes to a more recyclable economy and inspires others to follow suit. 56. How does the company Krill Design change the way people think about waste? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. How many steps does each product need before it is made? (no more than 2 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. What is the disadvantage of Rekrill compared with common plastic? (no more than 5 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean? (no more than 1 word) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Rekrill and explain? (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. By creating furniture products from a plastic-like biomaterial named Rekrill. 57. Four steps 58. It is more expensive. 59. Renewable/Recyclable/Reusable. 或Breaking down easily 60. It is eco-friendly. Because it can break down easily and helps protect the environment. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家名为Krill Design的米兰公司，该公司通过使用名为Rekrill的生物塑料材料来制造家具产品，从而改变了我们对废物的看法。Rekrill是一种可生物降解、可重复使用的材料，由意大利企业收集的水果皮、橙籽和咖啡渣制成。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Milan-based company Krill Design is changing the way we think about waste by creating furniture products from a plastic-like biomaterial named Rekrill.（米兰的Krill Design公司通过创造由名为Rekrill的类似塑料的生物材料制成的家具产品，改变了我们对废物的看法。）”可知，Krill Design公司通过创造由Rekrill这种类似塑料的生物材料制成的家具产品，改变了人们对废物的看法。故答案填By creating furniture products from a plastic-like biomaterial named Rekrill. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Each product is made through a four-step process.（每个产品都是通过一个四步流程制成的。）”可知，每个产品在制造之前需要经过四个步骤。故答案填Four steps。 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“But despite its eco-friendly benefits, Rekrill is more expensive than common plastic due to its complex production process.（尽管它具有环保优势，但由于其复杂的生产过程，Rekrill比普通塑料更昂贵。）”可知，与普通塑料相比，Rekrill的缺点是它更昂贵。故答案填It is more expensive. 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“Rekrill is as strong as wood and breaks down safely unless it's touched by water or acidity.（Rekrill和木头一样坚固，除非接触到水或酸性物质，否则可以安全分解。）”可知，文章中划线的词指的是Rekrill材料的可生物降解特性。故答案填Renewable/Recyclable/Reusable. 或Breaking down easily。 【60题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第四段“It is also safe for fish to eat. But despite its eco-friendly benefits, Rekrill is more expensive than common plastic due to its complex production process.（它对鱼类也是安全的。但尽管它具有环保优势，但由于其复杂的生产过程，Rekrill比普通塑料更昂贵。）”可知，因为它容易分解，有助于保护环境。所以考生可以认为Rekrill是一种环保材料。故答案填It is eco-friendly. Because it can break down easily and helps protect the environment. 二、书面表达（共1小题；满分25分） 61. 假设你是晨光中学学生李津。为了让学生亲近大自然，你校预计于5月1日举办春游踏青活动，请您写一封邮件邀请你的英国留学生朋友Chris共享春景，内容要点如下： （1）简要介绍时间、地点并发出邀请； （2）介绍活动安排（登山、野餐、赏景等）及这次活动的意义（自然对于我们的重要性）； （3）希望得到尽快回复。 注意：1.词数不少于100词； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。 参考词汇：春游the spring outing Dear Chris, Good news for you! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】 Dear Chris, Good news for you! Our school is organizing a spring outing to Siming Mountain on May 1, and I’d love to invite you to join us. It’s a perfect chance to embrace nature after weeks of study! The day will start with a morning hike. The mountain trail is lined with blooming wildflowers and tall pine trees, offering breathtaking views at every turn. We’ll reach the summit around noon, where a picnic awaits—imagine enjoying sandwiches and fruit while overlooking a sea of green hills! In the afternoon, we’ll wander along a nearby stream, appreciating the clear water and singing birds. The trip aims to remind us of nature’s role in our lives: it’s not just a backdrop, but a source of peace and inspiration that helps us recharge and think more creatively. I hope you can come and experience this firsthand. Let me know if you’re interested, and I’ll help you prepare comfortable shoes and a light jacket. The bus leaves the school gate at 7:30 a.m., so we need to arrive early. Looking forward to your reply soon! Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件邀请你的英国留学生朋友Chris参加你校预计于5月1日举办春游踏青活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 机会：chance→opportunity 提供：offer→provide 欣赏：appreciate→admire 帮助：help→assist 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The mountain trail is lined with blooming wildflowers and tall pine trees, offering breathtaking views at every turn. 拓展句：The mountain trail is lined with blooming wildflowers and tall pine trees, which offer breathtaking views at every turn. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 We’ll reach the summit around noon, where a picnic awaits—imagine enjoying sandwiches and fruit while overlooking a sea of green hills!（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 I hope you can come and experience this firsthand.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $