Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking 语言点导学案 -2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

语言点 Reading and Thinking Page26, 27 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page26指课本第26页。相关类似) (粗体使用说明：粗体为重点记忆部分。) (附录一：练习答案。附录二：课文汉语译文) Para1, Line1, Page27 There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 毫无疑问,地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。 There is no/little doubt that…毫无疑问…… 句式点拨 “There is no/little doubt that…”为固定句型,意为“毫无疑问……”,that后面的从句为同位语从句,说明doubt的内容。 doubt的常见句型: There is no/little doubt that…毫无疑问…… There is some doubt whether………有一些疑问。 I have some doubt whether…我怀疑…… I doubt whether/if…我怀疑……是否…… 单句填空 ①You can phone the doctor. However, I doubt 　　　　　　　　he will come out on a Saturday night.  ②There is no doubt　　　　animals in some cases can help kids with their anxiety.  完成句子 ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the activity not only equipped us with some practical skills but also raised our awareness of safety.  毫无疑问,这次活动不仅使我们掌握了一些实用的技能,而且增强了我们的安全意识。 ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that I had the right to manage my earnings.  我怀疑我父母是否同意我有权用我赚的钱。 Para2, Line4, Page26 An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. 一位研究北极熊多年的专家说,从它尸体的姿势看,这只熊似乎是饿死的。 starve　vi. & vt. (使)挨饿;饿死 (1)starve to death　饿死 starve for… 渴望/急需…… starve to do sth 渴望去做某事 (2)starving adj. 快要饿死的;饿极了的;非常饿的 (3)starvation n. 挨饿;饿死 单句填空 ①They were threatened with   (starve) when flood drowned their village. ②We are starving　　　　the knowledge about this field in order to effectively deal with some projects we will meet.  ③Pictures of 　　　　　　　　(starve) children have set many people rushing to donate money.  完成句子 ④Fear held us entirely in its power, and it made us 　　　　　　　　　　　　for safety.  我们惊恐万分,急于逃到安全的地方。(读后续写之心理描写) ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, the child was standing near the road, begging for a meal. Otherwise he would 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  身无分文又饥肠辘辘,这个孩子站在路边要饭。否则,他就会饿死的。 Para2, Line7, Page26 This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology. 这个令人震惊的案例表明，温度升高如何影响地球的生态。 ecology 是一个名词，主要表示“生态学”或“生态系统”。 相关拓展 ecological形容词：表示“生态的”“生态学的”。 ecologist名词：指研究生态学的科学家。 ecosystem名词：具体地指一个生态系统。 例句： Human activities have a negative impact on the global ecology.人类活动对全球生态产生了负面影响。 Ecological conservation is crucial for sustainable development.生态保护对于可持续发展至关重要。 The ecosystem of the coral reef is very fragile.珊瑚礁生态系统非常脆弱。 The ecologist studied the interactions between plants and animals in the forest.生态学家研究了森林中植物和动物之间的相互作用。 单句填空/完成句子 ① is an important branch of biology.生态学是生物学的一个重要分支。 ②We need to protect to preserve biodiversity.我们需要保护当地生态以保护生物多样性。 ③ , the situation would be much worse now. 如果我们没有采取措施保护当地生态，情况现在会糟糕得多。 Para3, Line5, Page27 The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. 热量以更长的波长被释放回太空。 release　vt.排放;释放;发布 n. 排放;释放;发行 (1)release pressure　释放压力 release sb from sth 使某人免除……; 解除某人的…… release sth into… 把某物排放入…… (2)on release (电影)在公映 单句填空 ①Immediately　　　　release, the film drew an audience of thousands.  ②The document film 　　　　　　(release) next week aims at introducing local cultures to the world.  ③Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures 　　　　　　　　(release) by emergency services.  完成句子/句式改写 ④Moments later, my head 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　this horrible pumpkin cage. Then Mum told me she had just filmed me managing to pull my head out of the pumpkin.  过了一会儿,我的头终于从这个可怕的南瓜笼子里解放了出来。然后妈妈告诉我,她刚刚拍下了我把头从南瓜里拔出来的过程。 ⑤As more and more carbon dioxide 　　　　　　　　　　　the air, Earth gets warmer and warmer.  →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Earth gets warmer and warmer.(用with复合结构改写)   随着越来越多的二氧化碳被排放到空气中,地球变得越来越温暖了。 Para3, Line8, Page27 Without this process, Earth could not sustain life.没有这个过程,地球就无法维系生命。 sustain　vt. (to cause or allow something to continue for a period of time)维持;遭受;承受住 (1)sustain a loss　　　遭受损失,蒙受损失 sustain an injury 遭受伤害,受伤 sustain friendship 维系友谊 (2)sustained adj. 持续的;坚持不懈的 sustained growth 持续增长 sustained efforts 不懈的努力 (3)sustainable adj. 可持续的;合理利用的 单句填空 ①Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways 　　　　　　(sustain) long-distance friendships.  ②[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Cycling is the most economical, 　　　　　　　　(sustain) and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.  ③He appeared embarrassed and ill at ease with the 　　　　　　(sustain) applause that greeted him.  完成句子 ④I thanked my mother. It was her love  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  我感谢母亲,是她的爱支撑着我度过了艰难的时光。 ⑤There is no doubt that group exercise is one of the most effective ways 　　　　　　　　　　　　.毫无疑问,团体运动是保持健康生活方式最有效的方法之一。  Para3, Line8, Page27 Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. 如果没有这一过程，地球就无法维系生命。 介词(短语)引导虚拟语气 “without” 与虚拟语气结合。“without” 是一个介词，表示“没有……”。本句中的without this process是介词短语，相当于条件状语从句，引导虚拟语气。改写前的虚拟条件句：If this process did not exist, Earth could not sustain life.有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise，or，but for等。 例如： Without your help, I would not have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助，我不会成功的。 这里“without your help” 相当于一个省略的条件状语从句（If you had not helped me），表示与过去事实相反的情况。 But for your encouragement, I would not have tried.要不是你鼓励我，我不会去尝试。 章句填空 ①There is no denying that we couldn’t lead a comfortable life electricity. ② your advice，I would overcome the difficulty and get ready for greater challenges. 完成句子 ③ ，I wouldn’t have succeeded in getting rid of tobacco and alcohol. 如果没有母亲的鼓励和陪伴，我不会成功地戒烟戒酒。 ④My head teacher frequently stimulates me to absorb myself in learning， . 我的班主任经常激励我专心学习，否则我现在不会在班里名列第一。 Para4, Line2, Page27 There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. 强有力的全面的证据表明,温度上升导致了全球范围内的极端天气和自然灾害的增加,这不仅造成了严重的破坏,而且会使人丧命。 v.-ing作结果状语 句式点拨 句中not only…but also…连接现在分词短语causing…和costing…作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时,其动作伴随谓语动词的动作同时发生,常表示自然而然或顺理成章的结果,有时会在分词前面加上thus。 提示:不定式也可以作结果状语, 通常表示出乎意料的结果, 其前常加only 表强调。 如:I rushed to the station in a hurry, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站, 不料却发现火车已经开走了。 The fire lasted nearly two days, leaving nothing valuable. 大火持续了将近两天, 没剩下什么值钱的东西。 单句填空 ①The fire was too big and out of control, 　　　　(burn) the whole building down.  ②The news reporters hurried to the airport, only 　　　　　　　(inform) that the film star had left.  ③The child slipped and fell, 　　　　　　　　(hit) his head against the door.  ④Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only　　　　(find) that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.  完成句子 ⑤“Online concert” has broken the limitation of time and space, thus 　　　　　　　　　　　the future development of theatres.  “线上音乐会”不受时空的局限,为剧场的未来发展提供了新机遇。 ⑥It turned out that people liked and forwarded it crazily on the Internet, only 　 　.  结果,人们在网上疯狂地点赞并转发它,结果让我意外成为一名网络名人。 Para4, Line4, Page27 Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. 气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，并且需要付出更高的代价。 trend名词，表示“趋势”“倾向”或“走向” trendy形容词：流行的、时髦的、紧跟潮流的。 trendiness（名词）• 含义：流行性、时髦性。 例句 Trendy clothes are always in high demand among young people.时髦的衣服在年轻人中总是很受欢迎。 The trendiness of a product can significantly impact its sales.产品的流行性可以显著影响其销售。 trend 的常见搭配 (1)Upward/Downward Trend上升趋势/下降趋势。 (2)Growing/Declining Trend增长趋势/下降趋势。 (3)Follow/Keep Up With a Trend跟随趋势/跟上趋势。 (4)There is a trend towards...存在……的趋势。 单句填空/完成句子 ①The company is worried about the trend in sales.公司担心销售额的下降趋势。 ② in traditional media is attributed to the rise of social media. 传统媒体的下降趋势归因于社交媒体的兴起。 ③ more personalized services in the market. 市场上有向更个性化服务发展的趋势。 ④It is challenging for small businesses to in the market. 对于小企业来说，跟上市场的快速趋势是具有挑战性的。 Para4, Line5, Page27 In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. 事实上,有关极端暴风雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失的新闻报道已屡见不鲜。 broadcast　vt.& vi. (broadcast, broadcast)播送;广播;传播 n. 广播节目;电视节目 (1)(be) broadcast live　　现场直播(动词用法) a live broadcast 现场直播(名词用法) broadcast the news to… 向……播报新闻 (2)broadcaster n. 广播公司;广播员 单句填空 ①The football match, 　　　　　　　　(broadcast) live across the nation the other day, attracted large numbers of viewers.  ②The news that two men robbed the bank yesterday 　　　　　　　　　　　　(broadcast) several times on TV today.  完成句子 ③[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.　 , the winners were announced. 几个星期后,当我几乎忘记比赛的时候,传来了消息。学校的广播宣布了获胜者。 ④On the day of donation, members of the school music club gave a well-rehearsed musical performance, 　 .  在捐款当天,学校音乐俱乐部的成员献上了精心排练的音乐表演,并在网上进行了现场直播。(应用文写作之新闻报道) Para5, Line4, Page27 We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 作为个人,我们也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。 restrict　vt.限制;限定;束缚 (1)restrict…to…　将……限制在(某地);将……限定为(某群体) restrict sb/oneself to (doing) sth限制……只做某事 (2)restricted adj. 受限制的;有限的 be restricted to 仅限于……;局限于…… (3)restriction n. 限制规定;限制法规;限制 a restriction/restrictions on…对……的限制 without restriction 毫无限制 单句填空 ①In order to keep healthy, she restricts herself 　　　　　one cup of coffee a day.  ②We place no restrictions 　　　　the kind of films we show—as long as a film’s quality meets our standards.  ③As an artist he didn’t consider himself 　　　　(restrict) by the same rules of social conduct as other people.  完成句子 ④Since then, she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　for a healthy and happy life, not for a perfect shape.  从那以后,她为了健康和幸福的生活限制自己的饮食和爱好,而不是为了完美的身材。 ⑤Additionally, your video must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, including all the important information regarding your chosen topic.  此外,你的视频必须限制在10分钟内,包括与所选主题有关的所有重要信息。(应用文写作之通知) Para5, Line5, Page27 It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.我们有责任抓住每一个机会,教育每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响,因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。 seize　vt.抓住;夺取;控制 (1)seize hold of sb/sth　　抓住某人/某物 be seized with/by…(=be infected by…)被……侵扰; 患/得(病) seize sb by the arm 抓住某人的手臂 (2)seize the chance/opportunity抓住机遇,抓住机会 seize the moment 把握时机;把握此刻 提示: sth seize sb或sb be seized by/with…指某种情绪突然出现。如: Panic seized me (=I was seized by panic).我突然感到一阵惊慌。 例句 Seized with/by regret, I was desperate to make things right.我懊悔不已,急切地想挽回一切。 单句填空 ①They had hardly seized me　　　　the arm when the surging waves returned to carry all of us quite a few metres away.  ②　　　　　　(seize) by curiosity, she opened the box without any hesitation.  完成句子 ③If you don’t get along well with oral English, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to join our Spoken English Club to strengthen your expression competence?  如果你口语不好,何不抓住加入我们英语口语俱乐部的机会,借此提高你的表达能力? ④Noticing her teary eyes, Jeremy swallowed what he’d intended to say.　　　　　　　　　　　　 and he stood there, frozen.  注意到她含泪的眼睛,杰里米咽下了他想说的话。一种愧疚感涌上心头,他站在那里,一动不动。 附录一：练习答案。 Para1, Line1, Page27 Keys:①whether/if　②that Keys:③There is no doubt that ④I doubted whether/if my parents would agree Para2, Line4, Page26 Keys:①starvation　②for　③starving　 Keys:④starve to flee ⑤Penniless and starving; starve to death Para2, Line7, Page26 Keys:①Ecology　②the local ecology　③If we had not taken measures to protect the local ecology Para3, Line5, Page27 Keys:①on　②to be released　③released　 Keys:④was finally released from　⑤is (being) released into; With more and more carbon dioxide (being) released into the air Para3, Line8, Page27 Keys:①to sustain　②sustainable　③sustained　 Keys:④that sustained me through the hard times　⑤to sustain a healthy lifestyle Para3, Line8, Page27 Keys:①without　②With　 Keys:③But for/Without my mother’s encouragement and company　④otherwise/or I wouldn’t rank first in my class at present. Para4, Line2, Page27 Keys:①burning　②to be informed　③hitting　④to find Keys:⑤providing a new opportunity for ⑥to make me an Internet celebrity Para4, Line4, Page27 Keys:①downward ②The declining trend Keys:③There is a trend towards ④ keep up with the rapid trends Para4, Line5, Page27 Keys:①broadcast　②has been broadcast　 Keys:③Through the school’s broadcast　④which was broadcast live online Para5, Line4, Page27 Keys:①to　②on　③restricted　 Keys:④has restricted her diet and hobbies　⑤be restricted to ten minutes Para5, Line5, Page27 Keys:①by　②Seized　 Keys:③why don’t you/not seize a chance　④A sense of guilt seized him/He was seized with/by a sense of guilt 附录二：课文汉语译文 Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed. ----Mohandas K. Gandhi. 地球能满足人类的需要，但满足不了人类的贪婪。 CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION 气候变化需要全世界的共同关注 We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 我们了解气候变化已经有几十年了。毫无疑问，地球是在变得越来越暖(见表)。海洋和气候变暖以及冰的融化和海平面的上升为全球气候的剧烈变化提供了证据。 In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was "skin and bones ". An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant that the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology. 2013年，一张关于那威北极岛的斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现一只北极熊死亡的新闻照片，震惊了很多人。根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，北极熊只剩下“皮肤和骨头”。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置看，北极熊似乎饿死了。专家声称，由于气候变化导致海冰面积下降，这只熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹，因此它不得不走很远的距离才能找到食物。这个令人震惊的案例表明，温度升高如何影响地球的生态。 Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the "greenhouse effect " which has two common meanings: the "natural greenhouse effect and the "man-made greenhouse effect. The "natural "greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the "man-made greenhouse effect" has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise. 那么，是什么导致全球平均表面温度上升?气候科学家经常提到一个称为“温室效应”的重要气候过程，它有两个普遍的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人造”温室效应。“自然”温室效应是指太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。热量以更长的波长释放回太空。大气层中的温室气体(如甲烷和二氧化碳)吸收了部分热量，使地球的气候温暖宜居。没有这个过程，地球将无法维持生命。然而，“人造”温室效应现在已成为一个大问题。当人们燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起地球表面温度迅速上升。 There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses。 有充分而全面的证据表明，温度升高导致全世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成了严重的破坏，而且还造成了人员伤亡。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，并且需要付出更高的代价。事实上，新闻报道经常播出极端暴雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失。 Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint" by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help? 持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和持久变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。政府需要考虑制定政策，采取适当的行动和措施以少温室气体排放。我们个人也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少“碳足迹”。抓住每一个机会，对所有人进行全球变暖及其成因和影响的教育，这是我们的责任，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人最严重的问题。那你会怎么做? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语言点 Reading and Thinking Page26, 27 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page26指课本第26页。相关类似) (颜色使用说明：红色为宏观位置提示。绿色为重要语言点提醒。紫色为必做笔记部分。) (附录：课文汉语译文) Para1, Line1, Page27 There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 毫无疑问,地球正在变得越来越暖和(见图表)。 There is no/little doubt that…毫无疑问…… 句式点拨 “There is no/little doubt that…”为固定句型,意为“毫无疑问……”,that后面的从句为同位语从句,说明doubt的内容。 doubt的常见句型: There is no/little doubt that…毫无疑问…… There is some doubt whether………有一些疑问。 I have some doubt whether…我怀疑…… I doubt whether/if…我怀疑……是否…… 单句填空 ①You can phone the doctor. However, I doubt 　　　　　　　　he will come out on a Saturday night.  ②There is no doubt　　　　animals in some cases can help kids with their anxiety.  Keys:①whether/if　②that 完成句子 ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the activity not only equipped us with some practical skills but also raised our awareness of safety.  毫无疑问,这次活动不仅使我们掌握了一些实用的技能,而且增强了我们的安全意识。 ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that I had the right to manage my earnings.  我怀疑我父母是否同意我有权用我赚的钱。 Keys:③There is no doubt that ④I doubted whether/if my parents would agree Para2, Line4, Page26 An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. 一位研究北极熊多年的专家说,从它尸体的姿势看,这只熊似乎是饿死的。 starve　vi. & vt. (使)挨饿;饿死 (1)starve to death　饿死 starve for… 渴望/急需…… starve to do sth 渴望去做某事 (2)starving adj. 快要饿死的;饿极了的;非常饿的 (3)starvation n. 挨饿;饿死 单句填空 ①They were threatened with   (starve) when flood drowned their village. ②We are starving　　　　the knowledge about this field in order to effectively deal with some projects we will meet.  ③Pictures of 　　　　　　　　(starve) children have set many people rushing to donate money.  Keys:①starvation　②for　③starving　 完成句子 ④Fear held us entirely in its power, and it made us 　　　　　　　　　　　　for safety.  我们惊恐万分,急于逃到安全的地方。(读后续写之心理描写) ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, the child was standing near the road, begging for a meal. Otherwise he would 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  身无分文又饥肠辘辘,这个孩子站在路边要饭。否则,他就会饿死的。 Keys:④starve to flee ⑤Penniless and starving; starve to death Para2, Line7, Page26 This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology. 这个令人震惊的案例表明，温度升高如何影响地球的生态。 ecology 是一个名词，主要表示“生态学”或“生态系统”。 相关拓展 ecological形容词：表示“生态的”“生态学的”。 ecologist名词：指研究生态学的科学家。 ecosystem名词：具体地指一个生态系统。 例句： Human activities have a negative impact on the global ecology.人类活动对全球生态产生了负面影响。 Ecological conservation is crucial for sustainable development.生态保护对于可持续发展至关重要。 The ecosystem of the coral reef is very fragile.珊瑚礁生态系统非常脆弱。 The ecologist studied the interactions between plants and animals in the forest.生态学家研究了森林中植物和动物之间的相互作用。 单句填空/完成句子 ① is an important branch of biology.生态学是生物学的一个重要分支。 ②We need to protect to preserve biodiversity.我们需要保护当地生态以保护生物多样性。 ③ , the situation would be much worse now. 如果我们没有采取措施保护当地生态，情况现在会糟糕得多。 Keys:①Ecology　②the local ecology　③If we had not taken measures to protect the local ecology Para3, Line5, Page27 The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. 热量以更长的波长被释放回太空。 release　vt.排放;释放;发布 n. 排放;释放;发行 (1)release pressure　释放压力 release sb from sth 使某人免除……; 解除某人的…… release sth into… 把某物排放入…… (2)on release (电影)在公映 单句填空 ①Immediately　　　　release, the film drew an audience of thousands.  ②The document film 　　　　　　(release) next week aims at introducing local cultures to the world.  ③Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures 　　　　　　　　(release) by emergency services.  Keys:①on　②to be released　③released　 完成句子/句式改写 ④Moments later, my head 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　this horrible pumpkin cage. Then Mum told me she had just filmed me managing to pull my head out of the pumpkin.  过了一会儿,我的头终于从这个可怕的南瓜笼子里解放了出来。然后妈妈告诉我,她刚刚拍下了我把头从南瓜里拔出来的过程。 ⑤As more and more carbon dioxide 　　　　　　　　　　　the air, Earth gets warmer and warmer.  →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Earth gets warmer and warmer.(用with复合结构改写)   随着越来越多的二氧化碳被排放到空气中,地球变得越来越温暖了。 Keys:④was finally released from　⑤is (being) released into; With more and more carbon dioxide (being) released into the air Para3, Line8, Page27 Without this process, Earth could not sustain life.没有这个过程,地球就无法维系生命。 sustain　vt. (to cause or allow something to continue for a period of time)维持;遭受;承受住 (1)sustain a loss　　　遭受损失,蒙受损失 sustain an injury 遭受伤害,受伤 sustain friendship 维系友谊 (2)sustained adj. 持续的;坚持不懈的 sustained growth 持续增长 sustained efforts 不懈的努力 (3)sustainable adj. 可持续的;合理利用的 单句填空 ①Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways 　　　　　　(sustain) long-distance friendships.  ②[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Cycling is the most economical, 　　　　　　　　(sustain) and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.  ③He appeared embarrassed and ill at ease with the 　　　　　　(sustain) applause that greeted him.  Keys:①to sustain　②sustainable　③sustained　 完成句子 ④I thanked my mother. It was her love  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  我感谢母亲,是她的爱支撑着我度过了艰难的时光。 ⑤There is no doubt that group exercise is one of the most effective ways 　　　　　　　　　　　　.毫无疑问,团体运动是保持健康生活方式最有效的方法之一。  Keys:④that sustained me through the hard times　⑤to sustain a healthy lifestyle Para3, Line8, Page27 Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. 如果没有这一过程，地球就无法维系生命。 介词(短语)引导虚拟语气 “without” 与虚拟语气结合。“without” 是一个介词，表示“没有……”。本句中的without this process是介词短语，相当于条件状语从句，引导虚拟语气。改写前的虚拟条件句：If this process did not exist, Earth could not sustain life.有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise，or，but for等。 例如： Without your help, I would not have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助，我不会成功的。 这里“without your help” 相当于一个省略的条件状语从句（If you had not helped me），表示与过去事实相反的情况。 But for your encouragement, I would not have tried.要不是你鼓励我，我不会去尝试。 章句填空 ①There is no denying that we couldn’t lead a comfortable life electricity. ② your advice，I would overcome the difficulty and get ready for greater challenges. Keys:①without　②With　 完成句子 ③ ，I wouldn’t have succeeded in getting rid of tobacco and alcohol. 如果没有母亲的鼓励和陪伴，我不会成功地戒烟戒酒。 ④My head teacher frequently stimulates me to absorb myself in learning， . 我的班主任经常激励我专心学习，否则我现在不会在班里名列第一。 Keys:③But for/Without my mother’s encouragement and company　④otherwise/or I wouldn’t rank first in my class at present. Para4, Line2, Page27 There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. 强有力的全面的证据表明,温度上升导致了全球范围内的极端天气和自然灾害的增加,这不仅造成了严重的破坏,而且会使人丧命。 v.-ing作结果状语 句式点拨 句中not only…but also…连接现在分词短语causing…和costing…作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时,其动作伴随谓语动词的动作同时发生,常表示自然而然或顺理成章的结果,有时会在分词前面加上thus。 提示:不定式也可以作结果状语, 通常表示出乎意料的结果, 其前常加only 表强调。 如:I rushed to the station in a hurry, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站, 不料却发现火车已经开走了。 The fire lasted nearly two days, leaving nothing valuable. 大火持续了将近两天, 没剩下什么值钱的东西。 单句填空 ①The fire was too big and out of control, 　　　　(burn) the whole building down.  ②The news reporters hurried to the airport, only 　　　　　　　(inform) that the film star had left.  ③The child slipped and fell, 　　　　　　　　(hit) his head against the door.  ④Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only　　　　(find) that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.  Keys:①burning　②to be informed　③hitting　④to find 完成句子 ⑤“Online concert” has broken the limitation of time and space, thus 　　　　　　　　　　　the future development of theatres.  “线上音乐会”不受时空的局限,为剧场的未来发展提供了新机遇。 ⑥It turned out that people liked and forwarded it crazily on the Internet, only 　 　.  结果,人们在网上疯狂地点赞并转发它,结果让我意外成为一名网络名人。 Keys:⑤providing a new opportunity for ⑥to make me an Internet celebrity Para4, Line4, Page27 Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. 气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，并且需要付出更高的代价。 trend名词，表示“趋势”“倾向”或“走向” trendy形容词：流行的、时髦的、紧跟潮流的。 trendiness（名词）• 含义：流行性、时髦性。 例句 Trendy clothes are always in high demand among young people.时髦的衣服在年轻人中总是很受欢迎。 The trendiness of a product can significantly impact its sales.产品的流行性可以显著影响其销售。 trend 的常见搭配 (1)Upward/Downward Trend上升趋势/下降趋势。 (2)Growing/Declining Trend增长趋势/下降趋势。 (3)Follow/Keep Up With a Trend跟随趋势/跟上趋势。 (4)There is a trend towards...存在……的趋势。 单句填空/完成句子 ①The company is worried about the trend in sales.公司担心销售额的下降趋势。 ② in traditional media is attributed to the rise of social media. 传统媒体的下降趋势归因于社交媒体的兴起。 Keys:①downward ②The declining trend ③ more personalized services in the market. 市场上有向更个性化服务发展的趋势。 ④It is challenging for small businesses to in the market. 对于小企业来说，跟上市场的快速趋势是具有挑战性的。 Keys:③There is a trend towards ④ keep up with the rapid trends Para4, Line5, Page27 In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. 事实上,有关极端暴风雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失的新闻报道已屡见不鲜。 broadcast　vt.& vi. (broadcast, broadcast)播送;广播;传播 n. 广播节目;电视节目 (1)(be) broadcast live　　现场直播(动词用法) a live broadcast 现场直播(名词用法) broadcast the news to… 向……播报新闻 (2)broadcaster n. 广播公司;广播员 单句填空 ①The football match, 　　　　　　　　(broadcast) live across the nation the other day, attracted large numbers of viewers.  ②The news that two men robbed the bank yesterday 　　　　　　　　　　　　(broadcast) several times on TV today.  Keys:①broadcast　②has been broadcast　 完成句子 ③[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.　 , the winners were announced. 几个星期后,当我几乎忘记比赛的时候,传来了消息。学校的广播宣布了获胜者。 ④On the day of donation, members of the school music club gave a well-rehearsed musical performance, 　 .  在捐款当天,学校音乐俱乐部的成员献上了精心排练的音乐表演,并在网上进行了现场直播。(应用文写作之新闻报道) Keys:③Through the school’s broadcast　④which was broadcast live online Para5, Line4, Page27 We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 作为个人,我们也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。 restrict　vt.限制;限定;束缚 (1)restrict…to…　将……限制在(某地);将……限定为(某群体) restrict sb/oneself to (doing) sth限制……只做某事 (2)restricted adj. 受限制的;有限的 be restricted to 仅限于……;局限于…… (3)restriction n. 限制规定;限制法规;限制 a restriction/restrictions on…对……的限制 without restriction 毫无限制 单句填空 ①In order to keep healthy, she restricts herself 　　　　　one cup of coffee a day.  ②We place no restrictions 　　　　the kind of films we show—as long as a film’s quality meets our standards.  ③As an artist he didn’t consider himself 　　　　(restrict) by the same rules of social conduct as other people.  Keys:①to　②on　③restricted　 完成句子 ④Since then, she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　for a healthy and happy life, not for a perfect shape.  从那以后,她为了健康和幸福的生活限制自己的饮食和爱好,而不是为了完美的身材。 ⑤Additionally, your video must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, including all the important information regarding your chosen topic.  此外,你的视频必须限制在10分钟内,包括与所选主题有关的所有重要信息。(应用文写作之通知) Keys:④has restricted her diet and hobbies　⑤be restricted to ten minutes Para5, Line5, Page27 It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.我们有责任抓住每一个机会,教育每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响,因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。 seize　vt.抓住;夺取;控制 (1)seize hold of sb/sth　　抓住某人/某物 be seized with/by…(=be infected by…)被……侵扰; 患/得(病) seize sb by the arm 抓住某人的手臂 (2)seize the chance/opportunity抓住机遇,抓住机会 seize the moment 把握时机;把握此刻 提示: sth seize sb或sb be seized by/with…指某种情绪突然出现。如: Panic seized me (=I was seized by panic).我突然感到一阵惊慌。 例句 Seized with/by regret, I was desperate to make things right.我懊悔不已,急切地想挽回一切。 单句填空 ①They had hardly seized me　　　　the arm when the surging waves returned to carry all of us quite a few metres away.  ②　　　　　　(seize) by curiosity, she opened the box without any hesitation.  Keys:①by　②Seized　 完成句子 ③If you don’t get along well with oral English, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to join our Spoken English Club to strengthen your expression competence?  如果你口语不好,何不抓住加入我们英语口语俱乐部的机会,借此提高你的表达能力? ④Noticing her teary eyes, Jeremy swallowed what he’d intended to say.　　　　　　　　　　　　 and he stood there, frozen.  注意到她含泪的眼睛,杰里米咽下了他想说的话。一种愧疚感涌上心头,他站在那里,一动不动。 Keys:③why don’t you/not seize a chance　④A sense of guilt seized him/He was seized with/by a sense of guilt 附录：课文汉语译文 Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed. ----Mohandas K. Gandhi. 地球能满足人类的需要，但满足不了人类的贪婪。 CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION 气候变化需要全世界的共同关注 We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 我们了解气候变化已经有几十年了。毫无疑问，地球是在变得越来越暖(见表)。海洋和气候变暖以及冰的融化和海平面的上升为全球气候的剧烈变化提供了证据。 In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was "skin and bones ". An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant that the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology. 2013年，一张关于那威北极岛的斯瓦尔巴群岛上发现一只北极熊死亡的新闻照片，震惊了很多人。根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，北极熊只剩下“皮肤和骨头”。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置看，北极熊似乎饿死了。专家声称，由于气候变化导致海冰面积下降，这只熊无法像以前那样捕猎海豹，因此它不得不走很远的距离才能找到食物。这个令人震惊的案例表明，温度升高如何影响地球的生态。 Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the "greenhouse effect " which has two common meanings: the "natural greenhouse effect and the "man-made greenhouse effect. The "natural "greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the "man-made greenhouse effect" has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise. 那么，是什么导致全球平均表面温度上升?气候科学家经常提到一个称为“温室效应”的重要气候过程，它有两个普遍的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人造”温室效应。“自然”温室效应是指太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。热量以更长的波长释放回太空。大气层中的温室气体(如甲烷和二氧化碳)吸收了部分热量，使地球的气候温暖宜居。没有这个过程，地球将无法维持生命。然而，“人造”温室效应现在已成为一个大问题。当人们燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起地球表面温度迅速上升。 There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses。 有充分而全面的证据表明，温度升高导致全世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成了严重的破坏，而且还造成了人员伤亡。气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，并且需要付出更高的代价。事实上，新闻报道经常播出极端暴雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失。 Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint" by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help? 持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和持久变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。政府需要考虑制定政策，采取适当的行动和措施以少温室气体排放。我们个人也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少“碳足迹”。抓住每一个机会，对所有人进行全球变暖及其成因和影响的教育，这是我们的责任，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人最严重的问题。那你会怎么做? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$