专题1 名词40题（真题+模拟题）-河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本清单共两部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第1个专题，内容为名词。 2026年河北省对口升学一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题1 名词（真题+模拟题） 【考点解读】 考点 内容解读 河北省近五年对口升学考试统计(题号) 2019 年 2020 年 2021 年 2022 年 2023 年 2024 年 2025 年样卷 可数名词和 不可数名词 可数名词的复数形式变化规则，复合名词的复数 —— —— —— —— （71） （72） （73） （78） 名词所有格 名词的-'s所有格，of所有格，双重所有格 (6)(7) (6) —— —— —— —— 名词辨析 理解句子意思的基础上选择所需的单词，能区分同义单词。 （21） （11） （8） 从河北省近几年对口升学考试情况统计来看，对名词的考查主要集中在名词所有格上，同时也可能考查可数名词和不可数名词的辨析，以及名词单复数的变形。题型主要是单选题。 【名词·高考真题分类通关】 【考点一：考查名词词义辨析】 1.(2022·河北对口高考第11题)Medicine won't help you, you must have a good __ . A. rest B. stay C. sport D. time 【考点二：考查名词固定搭配】 2. (2021·河北对口高考第21题)My mother told me to take __ of my little sister. A. care B. cares C. careful D. caring 【考点三：考查名词的格】 3. (2020·河北对口高考第6题) The famous doctor is a friend of __ . A. Sally brother B. Sally's brother's C. Sally's brother D. Sally brother's 4. (2018·河北对口高考第18题) The woman sitting there is a friend of __ . A. Mary sister B. Mary's sister C. Mary sister's D. Mary's sister's 【考点四：考查名词的复数和所有格】 5. (2019·河北对口高考第6题)People send flowers to their mothers on __ Day. A. Woman's B. Womans' C. Women's D. Womens' 【名词·全真模拟题分类通关】 【考点一：考查名词的复数】 6.—What are those over there? —Oh, they are __ . A.knife B. a knife C. knifes D. knives 7. __ are good for our eyes. A.Carrot B. Carrotes C. Carrots D. A carrot 8. The twins are from __ . They are __ . A. Germany; Germans B. Germany; Germen C. German; Germany D. Germany; German 9. There are about 120 __ in this hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctor 10. Mary had some bad __ , so she went to see the dentist. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 【考点二：考查不可数名词】 11. My mother likes eating __ . A.orange B. chicken C. potatos D. breads 12. He is a teacher with a lot of teaching __ . He told us many of his interesting __ . A. experiences; experience B. experience; experience C. experience; experiences D. experiences; experiences 13.—What would you like? —I would like __ first. A. five cup of tea B. five cups of tea C. five cup of teas D. five cups of teas 14.—It's too hot! Let's have some __ to drink. —Good idea. A.eggs B. milks C. bread D. water 15. Look! Some __ is on the table and some __ are in the box. A. chicken; pears B. chickens; pears C. chicken; pear D. chickens; pear 16. Miss Wang gave me __ on reading. A. an advice B. many advice C. some advice D. many advices 17. My grandpa has __ . A. two pairs of glasses B. two pair of glasses C. pairs of glass D. pair of glass 【考点三：考查名词词义辨析】 18.—Lily always reads for an hour before bedtime every day. —That's a good __ . Reading makes us know everything. A.dream B. wish C. habit D. time 19. In a restaurant, waiters usually offer us a __ to order dishes. A.List B. bill C. note D. menu 20. Put __ first and be careful while riding on the road! A.interest B. money C. knowledge D. safety 21．This ________ of dressing is very popular. A．style B．road C．look D．Show 22. He can speak __ and he' ll go to __ next month. A. France; France B. French; French C. France; French D. French; France 23．—What’s the ________ of the card made of colored paper? —It’s a circle. A． difference B．shape C．Price D．Height 【考点四：考查名词所有格】 24.Look, these are __ bicycles. They are cool. A. Jim and Tom's B. Jim's and Tom C. Jim's and Tom's D. Jim and Tom 25. Nobody thinks it is easy to finish so much work in __ . A. two days' time B. two-days time C. two day's time D. two days time 26. Uncle Li is a friend of __ . A.my father B. my father's C. my fathers' D. my father' 27．— How far is it from your school to your home? — My school is not far from my home. It’s only ________. A．8 minute walk B．8 minutes walk C．8 minutes’ walk D．8-minute’s walk1． 28. __ Day is on March 8th and __ Day is on September 10th. A. Women's; Teacher's B. Women's; Teachers' C. Woman's; Teacher's D. Women'; Teachers' 29．Mike’s English is better than ________ in the class! A．anyone else’s B．anyone else C．everybody D．everybody’s 30．We have ________ lunch time every day in our school. A．forty minutes B．forty-minutes C．forty minutes’ D．forty minute’s 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 题型专练：语法填空 The Weekend Shopping Trip Last Saturday, my mother and I went to the local supermarket to buy some (31) ________ (groceries/grocery). As we entered, we saw colorful (32) ________ (basket) of fruits near the entrance. My mother picked up two (33) ________ (bag) of apples and a bunch of (34) ________ (banana) for making smoothies. In the dairy section, she checked the expiration date on a (35) ________ (bottle) of milk carefully. "Always remember," she said, "the (36) ________ (quality) of food is very important." Suddenly, we heard loud (37) ________ (laugh) coming from the snack aisle. It was a group of (38) ________ (child) trying to reach a box of cookies on the top shelf. Near the checkout counters, we met our neighbor, Mrs. Johnson. She was holding her (39) ________ (dog) leash in one hand and a basket full of (40) ________ (tomato) in the other. "My family’s favorite food is spaghetti," she explained with a smile. Finally, after paying for our purchases, we carried the heavy boxes to the car. It was tiring, but we both agreed it was a successful shopping trip! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本清单共两部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第1个专题，内容为名词。 2026年河北省对口升学一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题1 名词（真题+模拟题） 【考点解读】 考点 内容解读 河北省近五年对口升学考试统计(题号) 2019 年 2020 年 2021 年 2022 年 2023 年 2024 年 2025 年样卷 可数名词和 不可数名词 可数名词的复数形式变化规则，复合名词的复数 —— —— —— —— （71） （72） （73） （78） 名词所有格 名词的-'s所有格，of所有格，双重所有格 (6)(7) (6) —— —— —— —— 名词辨析 理解句子意思的基础上选择所需的单词，能区分同义单词。 （21） （11） （8） 从河北省近几年对口升学考试情况统计来看，对名词的考查主要集中在名词所有格上，同时也可能考查可数名词和不可数名词的辨析，以及名词单复数的变形。题型主要是单选题。 【名词·高考真题分类通关】 【考点一：考查名词词义辨析】 1.(2022·河北对口高考第11题)Medicine won't help you, you must have a good __ . ( 【解析】 A 句意：药物将不会对你有帮助，你必须好好休息一下。have a good rest意为“好好休息”。故选A项。 )A. rest B. stay C. sport D. time 【考点二：考查名词固定搭配】 2. (2021·河北对口高考第21题)My mother told me to take __ of my little sister. A. care B. cares C. careful D. caring ( 【解析】 A 句意：妈妈告诉我要照顾好我的小妹妹。Take care of意为“照料，照顾”，是固定搭配。在这里care是一个名词，表示照顾、照料这种行为。故选A项。 )【考点三：考查名词的格】 3. (2020·河北对口高考第16题)The famous doctor is a friend of __ . A. Sally brother B. Sally's brother's ( 【解析】 B 句意：这位著名的医生是萨莉的哥哥的朋友。本题是双重所有格结构：限定词+名词+of+名词的所有格，Sally's brother意为“萨莉的哥哥”, Sally's brother's意为“萨莉哥哥的”。故选B项。 )C. Sally's brother D. Sally brother's 4. (2018·河北对口高考第19题)The woman sitting there is a friend of __ . A. Mary sister B. Mary's sister ( 【解析】D 句意：坐在那里的那个女人是玛丽的妹妹的朋友。本题是双重所有格结构：限定词+名词+of+名词的所有格，Mary's sister意为“玛丽的妹妹”, Mary's sister's意为“玛丽的妹妹的”。故选D项。 )C. Mary sister's D. Mary's sister's 【考点四：考查名词的复数和所有格】 5. (2019·河北对口高考第6题)People send flowers to their mothers on __ Day. A. Woman's B. Womans' C. Women's D. Womens' ( 【解析】 C 句意：人们在妇女节给他们的母亲送花。Women's Day表示妇女节 ， 用复数形式 。故选C项。 )【名词·全真模拟题分类通关】 【考点一：考查名词的复数】 6.—What are those over there? —Oh, they are __ . A.knife B. a knife C. knifes D. knives ( 【解析】 D 句意：———那边的是什么？———哦，它们是刀子。根据语境，这里应该使用名词的复数形式，knife的复数形式是knives.故选D项。 )7. __ are good for our eyes. ( 【解析】 C 。句意：胡萝卜对我们的眼睛有好处。根据are可知主语是复数，carrot的复数是carrots.故选C项。 )A.Carrot B. Carrotes C. Carrots D. A carrot 8. The twins are from __ . They are __ . A. Germany; Germans B. Germany; Germen C. German; Germany D. Germany; German ( 【解析】 A 句意：这对双胞胎来自德国。他们是德国人。“be from+国家或其他地点”，意为“来自某地”, Germany意为“德国”，Germans为德国人的复数形式。故选A项。 ) 9. There are about 120 __ in this hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctors ( 【解析】 B 句意：这个医院有大约120个女医生。woman doctor变复数的时候两个名词都要变复数形式，复数为women doctors.故选B项。 )C. women doctor D. woman doctor 10. Mary had some bad __ , so she went to see the dentist. A. ( 【解析】 C 句意：玛丽的牙齿不好，所以她去看牙医。some用来修饰可数名词的复数或者不可数名词，tooth的复数是teeth.故选C项。 )tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 【考点二：考查不可数名词】 11. My mother likes eating __ . ( 【解析】 B 。句意：我的母亲喜欢吃鸡肉。A项orange意为“橘子”，可数名词;B项chicken意为“鸡肉”，不可数名词;C项potato意为“土豆”，可数名词，复数形式为potatoes;D项breads意为“面包”，不可数名词，没有复数形式。可数名词在句子中如果没有冠词或代词修饰时，表示类别要用复数形式，故排除A项和C项，D项形式不对，故排除。故选B项。 )A.orange B. chicken C. potatos D. breads 12. He is a teacher with a lot of teaching __ . He told us many of his interesting __ . A. experiences; experience B. experience; experience ( 【解析】 C 句意：他是一个有很多教学经验的老师。他告诉我们许多他的有趣的经历。这里第一个空应该使用不可数名词，第二个空应该使用复数形式，experience意为“经验”时，是不可数名词，意为“经历”时，是可数名词。故选C项。 )C. experience; experiences D. experiences; experiences 13.—What would you like? —I would like __ first. A. five cup of tea B. five cups of tea ( 【解析】 B 。句意：————你想要什么？————我想先要五杯茶。tea属于不可数名词，不能直接加-s.five cups of tea意为“五杯茶”。故选B项。 )C. five cup of teas D. five cups of teas 14.—It's too hot! Let's have some __ to drink. —Good idea. A. ( 【解析】 D 本题考查名词词义辨析及不可数名词。句意：———太热了！我们喝点水吧。————好主意。eggs意为“鸡蛋”，可数名词复数;milk意为“牛奶”，不可数名词；bread意为“面包”，不可数名词；water意为“水”，不可数名词。根据句中drink（喝）可知，只能是milk或drink, milk为不可数名词，不能加s，所以只有water符合语境。故选D项。 )Eggs B. milks C. bread D. water 15. Look! Some __ is on the table and some __ are in the box. A. chicken; pears B. chickens; pears C. chicken; pear D. chickens; pear ( 【解析】 A 。句意：看！一些鸡肉在桌子上，一些梨在盒子里。chicken意为“鸡肉”时，是不可数名词，意为“鸡”时，是可数名词。根据be动词is可知第一个空意为“鸡肉”。pear意为“梨”，是可数名词，根据be动词are,可知第二个空是复数。故选A项。 ) 16. Miss Wang gave me __ on reading. A. ( 【解析】 C 。句意：王小姐给了我一些关于阅读的建议。advice是不可数名词，故排除A、B和D项。故选C项。 )an advice B. many advice C. some advice D. many advices 17. My grandpa has __ . A. two pairs of glasses B. two pair of glasses ( 【解析】 A 。句意：我爷爷有两副眼镜。“一副眼镜”为 a pair of glass,“两副眼镜”为two pairs of glasses.故选A项。【考点 二 ：考查 不可数名词 】 )C. pairs of glass D. pair of glass 【考点三：考查名词词义辨析】 18.—Lily always reads for an hour before bedtime every day. —That's a good __ . Reading makes us know everything. ( 【解析】 C 句意：—莉莉每天上床睡觉前都会读一个小时的书。—那是一个好习惯。阅读使我们知道一切。dream意为“梦想”; wish意为“愿望”; habit意为“习惯”；time意为“时间”。根据句意可知阅读是她的习惯。故选C项。 )A.dream B. wish C. habit D. time 19. In a restaurant, waiters usually offer us a __ to order dishes. ( 【解析】 D 。句意：在餐馆，服务员经常给我们菜单点菜。根据 to order dishes,可知点餐需要菜单。list意为“清单”；bill意为“账单”; note意为“笔记”; menu意为“菜单”。故选D项。 )A.List B. bill C. note D. menu 20. Put __ first and be careful while riding on the road! ( 【解析】 D 。句意：把安全放在第一位，在路上骑车时要小心！interest意为“兴趣”; money意为“钱”; knowledge意为“知识”; safety 意为“安全”。根据“be careful while riding on the road”可知路上骑车时要小心，要把安全放第一位。故选D项。 )A.interest B. money C. knowledge D. safety 21．This ________ of dressing is very popular. ( 【解析】 A考查名词辨析。句意：这种穿衣风格非常流行。A. style风格；B. road道路；C. look外观，样子；D. show表演，展示。根据“of dressing”可知，这里说的是穿衣风格，“style of dressing”表示“穿衣风格”。故选A。 )A．style B．road C．look D．Show 22. He can speak __ and he' ll go to __ next month. A. France; France B. French; French ( 【解析】 D 。句意：他会说法语，他下个月将去法国。France意为“法国”；French意为“法语”。speak后面跟语言，表示会说某种语言，故第一个空用French;”go to+地点”表示去某地，故第二个空用France。故选D项。 )C. France; French D. French; France 23．—What’s the ________ of the card made of colored paper? —It’s a circle. A．difference B．shape C．Price D．Height ( 【解析】 考查名词辨析。句意：—这张彩纸卡片的形状是什么？—是一个圆。A. difference差异；B. shape形状；C. price价格；D. height高度。根据“It’s a circle”可知，此处问的是形状。故选B。 ) 【考点四：考查名词所有格】 24.Look, these are __ bicycles. They are cool. A. Jim and Tom's B. Jim's and Tom ( 【解析】 C 。句意：看，这些是吉姆和汤姆的自行车，他们太酷了。Jim and Tom's表示两人共同所有; Jim's and Tom's表示分别所有。故选C项。 )C. Jim's and Tom's D. Jim and Tom 25. Nobody thinks it is easy to finish so much work in __ . A. two days' time B. two-days time ( 【解析】 A 。句意：没有人认为在两天的时间内完成这些工作是件容易的事。根据语境可知，“两天的时间”用two days' time来表示.故选A项。 )C. two day's time D. two days time 26. Uncle Li is a friend of __ . ( 【解析】 B 。句意：王叔叔是我爸爸的一个朋友。这里my father's= my father's friends.故选B项。 )A.my father B. my father's C. my fathers' D. my father' 27．— How far is it from your school to your home? — My school is not far from my home. It’s only ________. A．8 minute walk B．8 minutes walk C．8 minutes’ walk D．8-minute’s walk． ( 【解析】 C 。 考查名词所有格。句意：——从你的学校到你家有多远？——我的学校离我家不远。步行只需8分钟。分析句子可知，空缺处表“八分钟的步行”的距离，可用连字符连接的形容词形式和所有格形式来表达，即“an 8-minute walk或8 minutes’ walk”来表达。故选C。 )28. __ Day is on March 8th and __ Day is on September 10th. A. Women's; Teacher's B. Women's; Teachers' ( 【解析】 B 。句意：妇女节在三月八日，教师节在九月十日。复数名词的所有格直接在词尾加-s'，不规则复数名词的所有格则在词尾加-s。妇女节和教师节需用其复数名词women's和teachers'。故选B项。 )C. Woman's; Teacher's D. Women'; Teachers' 29．Mike’s English is better than ________ in the class! A．anyone else’s B．anyone else ( 【解析】 A . 考查所有格。句意：迈克的英语比班里其他任何人的英语都好！A. anyone else’s其他任何人的；B. anyone else其他任何人；C. everybody每个人；D. everybody’s每个人的。分析句子结构可知，此处是将迈克的英语与他班里的其他同学的英语相比较，需用名词的S属格，相当于名词性物主代词的效果；在迈克自己的班级内作比较，要将迈克自己排除在比较的对象之外，需用“else (其他的)”修饰不定代词，所以用“anyone else”的所有格形式“anyone else’s”。故选A。 )C．everybody D．everybody’s 30．We have ________ lunch time every day in our school. A．forty minutes B．forty-minutes C．forty minutes’ D．forty minute’s 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 【解析】 C。句意：我们学校每天有四十分钟的午餐时间。分析句子结构及选项可知，句子想要表达“四十分钟的午餐时间”，空处是考查复合形容词“四十分钟的”，应表达为“forty minutes’”或“a forty-minute”。故选C。 ) 题型专练：语法填空 The Weekend Shopping Trip Last Saturday, my mother and I went to the local supermarket to buy some (31) ________ (groceries/grocery). As we entered, we saw colorful (32) ________ (basket) of fruits near the entrance. My mother picked up two (33) ________ (bag) of apples and a bunch of (34) ________ (banana) for making smoothies. In the dairy section, she checked the expiration date on a (35) ________ (bottle) of milk carefully. "Always remember," she said, "the (36) ________ (quality) of food is very important." Suddenly, we heard loud (37) ________ (laugh) coming from the snack aisle. It was a group of (38) ________ (child) trying to reach a box of cookies on the top shelf. Near the checkout counters, we met our neighbor, Mrs. Johnson. She was holding her (39) ________ (dog) leash in one hand and a basket full of (40) ________ (tomato) in the other. "My family’s favorite food is spaghetti," she explained with a smile. ( 【解析】 ： 3 1. groceries ， "grocery" 不可数名词 表示"食品杂货业"，而可数名词复数形式 "groceries" 指"食品杂货"。 3 2. baskets ， 根据句意"入口处有彩色的水果篮"，可数名词需用复数形式。 3 3. bags ， two 后接可数名词复数，"bag" → "bags"。 3 4. bananas ， a bunch of 后接可数名词复数（成串的香蕉由多个组成）。 3 5. bottle ， 单数形式，指"一瓶牛奶"（a bottle of milk 是固定搭配）。 3 6. quality ， 不可数名词，指"质量"（无复数形式）。 )Finally, after paying for our purchases, we carried the heavy boxes to the car. It was tiring, but we both agreed it was a successful shopping trip! ( 3 7. laughter ， 不可数名词，laugh（可数）指"一次笑声"，laughter 指"笑声的总称"。 3 8.children ， child 的复数形式是不规则变化 children。 3 9. dog's ， 所有格形式，表示"狗的牵引绳"。 4 0. tomatoes ， 可数名词复数，以-o结尾的名词复数一般加-es（tomato → tomatoes）。 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$