精品解析：天津市塘沽渤海石油第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题

渤油一中2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级 英语学科期中考试试卷 试卷说明： 1．本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题，含听力)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两个部分，本试卷满分150分，考试用时100分钟。 2．请把试卷上的所有答案按照题号填写在指定答题纸上;如果不按要求答题，视为无效答案。 3．上交答题纸。 第Ⅰ卷 客观题(满分117.5分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman probably want to do? A．Write a paper. B．Attend a class. C．Get some sleep. 2．When will the man see his parents? A．At 11:00. B．At 10:00. C．At 9:00. 3．Why didn’t the man see the woman at breakfast time? A．She went for a long walk. B．She finished her breakfast early. C．She didn’t go to the dining hall. 4．What does the woman think of the new art museum? A．It is nice inside. B．It looks attractive outside. C．It has no attraction for her. 5．What did the woman do with the report? A．She made suggestions on it. B．She asked the man to rewrite it. C．She got someone else to read it. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a plane. B．In a car. C．In a restaurant. 7．What will the man have? A．Bean salad and beer. B．Bean salad and water. C．Baked chicken and coffee. 8．Why doesn’t the man have a diet soda? A．It is expensive. B．It is unhealthy. C．It is not available. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9．What is the relationship between Stefan and the man? A．Workmates. B．Former schoolmates. C．Teacher and student. 10．Where did Stefan and the man go first? A．A restaurant. B．The riverside. C．A shopping mall. 11．What was by the river in the past? A．Factories. B．Gardens. C．A sports center. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12．When will the swim classes begin? A．On May 1st. B．On April 30th. C．On April 29th. 13．How many swim classes are being offered? A．10. B．15. C．20. 14．Who must come to show their swim skill on April 29th or 30th? A．Those who have no Level 3 certificates. B．Those who want to pass the skill level test quickly. C．Those who have never attended Community Pool classes. 15．Who will rate the students’ skill level? A．The speaker. B．The instructors. C．The local community. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分60分) 第一节 单项填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. —I can drive you home. —____ but are you sure it’s not too much trouble? A That would be great B. Don’t bother C. I’m afraid not D. Take care 2. Dunhuang’s long and glorious history ______ its significance as a center of cultural exchange. A. distributes B. contributes C. dominates D. represents 3. Life education at school should include guiding students to ______ deal with interpersonal relationships. A. properly B. originally C. temporarily D. slightly 4. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. is regarded B. regard C. are regarded D. regards 5. All children should be encouraged to realize their full ______ in school. A. participation B. principles C. possessions D. potential 6. ______ the bad weather, the next flight will be cancelled. A. Regardless of B. Owing to C. On behalf of D. In harmony with 7. We are now living in a world ______ computers rule our work and daily life, so online searches have already become a must. A. that B. which C. when D. where 8. The farmers were so pleased to see the problem ______ by the local government quickly. A. solves B. solving C. solved D. to solve 9. I am determined to get a ticket for the concert ______ it means standing in a line all night. A. now that B. even though C. as if D. so that 10. Several new lines are being built now and ______ in the near future. A. are completed B. are being completed C. will complete D. will be completed 11. A volcanic eruption nearly ______ the small island of Montserrat in 1997. A. lay in B. happened to C. wiped out D. went through 12. The police tried to push the door open to rescue the girl but in vain. Thus, they force to open it. A employed B. trembled C. withdrew D. enhanced 13. ______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. What B. Who C. How D. That 14. He is widely ______ to be one of the best novelists in the world. A. acknowledged B. exposed C. boosted D. polished 15. — Sam is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow. — Well, he ______ if he has something else to do. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Jenelle was a new and kind Hampshire woman. She has ____16____ nearly $400,000 for an elderly disabled veteran (退伍军人) named Donald, who has been ____17____ to keep up with bills while caring for his wife who was in hospital. The story began when Jenelle met Donald at a pawn (典当) shop in Manchester, where he was pawning jewelry to ____18____ his bills. Donald shared with Jenelle the ____19____ situations he was in: the ____20____ had increased, and he was finding it increasingly difficult to make ends meet while caring for his wife. He ____21____ they might lose their home and that his beloved wife could end up in a care center due to their ____22____ problem. Deeply moved by his situation, Jenelle ____23____ took action. She gathered $1,300 from her own savings and ____24____ from friends and family to help the 90-year-old. The woman’s support didn’t ______25______ there. Jenelle set up a GoFundMe page for Donald, and the ______26______ was heartwarming. Donations ______27______ from around the world, bringing the total to nearly $400,000. Seeing lots of strangers’ support, Donald was ______28______, tearfully stressing that he was “just an ordinary man”. But as Jenelle explained to him, he’s much more than that to the people who have been ______29______ by his story. These days, Jenelle ______30______ the moving moment when she told Donald about the unbelievable ______31______ of strangers. “I told him that meant that everyone in the world was seeing this and ______32______ forward to donate,” she said. “Even before I told him the amount he couldn’t believe the ______33______ of strangers across the world.” This amazing act of kindness shows how the ______34______ of strangers can change lives, offering ______35______ to those who need it most. 16. A. paid B. raised C. earned D. borrowed 17. A. surviving B. striking C. struggling D. suffering 18. A. cover B. test C. add D. cost 19. A. exciting B. regular C. different D. tough 20. A. rent B. standard C. business D. experience 21. A. convinced B. feared C. decided D. announced 22. A. mental B. physical C. legal D. financial 23. A. gradually B. rarely C. instantly D. narrowly 24. A. contributions B. memories C. expectations D. impressions 25. A. change B. stop C. appear D. approach 26. A. achievement B. responsibility C. response D. target 27. A. poured in B. focused on C. broke in D. took on 28. A. surprised B. moved C. disappointed D. satisfied 29. A. bothered B. persuaded C. touched D. appreciated 30. A. suspected B. accepted C. passed D. shared 31. A. generosity B. bravery C. loyalty D. honesty 32. A. putting B. looking C. searching D. stepping 33. A. attitude B. kindness C. effort D. motivation 34. A. patience B. unselfishness C. inspiration D. joy 35. A. advice B. interest C. hope D. profit 第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Is an Electric Vehicle fight for you? Many people will ask themselves that question for the first time this year. Prices are falling, battery range is rising and mainstream brands are adding new EVs at a breakneck pace. Here are three things anybody seriously considering buying an EV should know: 1. The price to install (安装) a 240v charger Anybody who owns an electric vehicle needs a 240-volt charger at home. With one, you can recharge overnight, so you start every day with the equal amount of a full tank. Just a few years ago, home 240v EV chargers cost $2,500-$3,000, including installation, but prices have declined as competition grows with the number of EVs on the road. 2. The time it takes to charge About 80% of miles driven in EVs are powered by electricity charged at home but you’ll need to charge elsewhere occasionally. That’s when charging time becomes a big deal, but how long it takes depends on a couple of factors. First, voltage (电压) from the charger. Getting 250 miles of range in seven hours from a 240v charger is fine when you re charging overnight at home, but it’s a problem if you’re going 300 miles for a weekend trip. In that case, you’ll want to look for a 400v fast charger. They’re not as common as 240v public chargers yet, but they’re becoming more widespread. There’s another factor: the on-board charger It regulates how fast the battery can accept electricity. A vehicle with a higher-capacity on-board charger accepts electricity faster. 3. Where to charge Good route-planning apps will help you find chargers on a road trip easily. “Most people have no idea how many public charging stations are within, say, a 10-or 15-mile radius (半径) because they’re small, people don’t look for them or even don’t know what to look for, and they’re rarely signposted,” said journalist John Voelcker, who has studied EVs and charging exhaustively. 4. On the horizon If an EV doesn’t meet your needs now, watch this space. They’re coming closer. but large numbers of gasoline vehicles will remain in production for years. Beyond that, companies will keep making spare parts for oil-burners for decades. 36. What is the primary benefit of having a 240-volt charger at home for EV owners? A. It allows for faster travel. B. It enables overnight recharging. C. It reduces the cost of electricity. D. It increases the battery capacity. 37. What is a significant factor affecting how long it takes to charge an EV? A. The speed of the vehicle. B. The weight of the vehicle. C. The type of battery used. D. The voltage from the charger. 38. According to the article, how do most people feel about public charging stations? A. They find them easy to locate. B. They are well aware of their locations. C. They often underestimate their availability. D. They prefer to use home chargers completely. 39. What does the article suggest about the future of gasoline vehicles? A. They will be completely disappear in a few years. B. They will continue to be produced for years. C. They will become more expensive than EVs. D. They will have better technology than EVs. 40. This passage is mainly intended to . A. offer advice on purchasing an electric vehicle. B. illustrate the factors charging time depends on. C. look forward to the future of electric vehicles. D. explain the reason for the falling prices of electric vehicles. B During my graduate studies, countless workshops taught me one thing: To make it in science, one must design and carry out big projects. As I established my own research lab, a senior colleague encouraged me to try something big. So when I landed an associate professor position, my goal seemed obvious: I should perform big projects. This was the only way to lay a foundation for a successful academic research career. The path, however, would not be as clear as I had pictured. When I contacted famous researchers to suggest cooperating, as is typically required for high-profile (高姿态的) projects they frequently replied enthusiastically to start with, agreeing my project sounded interesting and promising. But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical (持怀疑态度的) and hesitant, ultimately saying no. And when I sought grant funding, my lack of experience and reputation was cited as a reason to refuse support for my ambitious proposals. I spent about two years being trapped in this mindset (思维模式), excited about my big ideas but making little actual progress, leading to frustration and depression. As I neared my breaking point, I began to ask myself: Were big projects really the only route? When I shifted to small projects, I became brave enough to step into fields I was not familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I found creative ideas to pursue (追求). When I discussed these adventurous, low-cost projects with early-career researchers, they were glad to cooperate. We secured funding. When I published papers out of these projects, they were not exciting enough to make headlines — but for me, it was a moment of joy and self-contentment. It has now been 3 years since I embraced this “small” approach. Sometimes senior colleagues say I’m wasting time with projects that aren’t important enough. But I disagree. When I do these studies, I also find clues for future big projects. Going forward, I will still commit part of my time to exploring small projects, which I think can help pursue more fundamental questions. 41. What is the author trying to do with big projects? A. Pursue his graduate studies. B. Seek a route to academic success. C. Apply for an associate professorship. D. Establish an academic research center. 42. What prevented the author pursuing his big project? A. Lack of necessary support. B. The toughness of work. C. Shortage of academic talents. D. The opposition from colleagues. 43. According to the third paragraph, what made the author frustrated and depressed? A. His big projects all failed. B. His big ideas were not practical. C. He suffered from mental and physical problems. D. He was confident about his idea, but it didn’t go far enough. 44. How did the author carry out his small project? A. By publishing influential papers. B. By getting young colleagues’ funding. C. By exploring and coming up with new ideas. D. By cooperating with senior colleagues. 45. What does the author learn from his experience? A. Good jobs require a high degree. B. Ambition isn’t fit for the young. C. Success results from preparation. D. Small doesn’t mean unimportant. C As a contraction of “hungry” and “angry”, the word “hangry” has only been in common use since the beginning of the century. Researchers have taken a step toward figuring out why irritability and puckishness (易怒和有点饿) go together like tomatoes and eggs, or chicken and mushroom. To study the phenomenon, Jennifer conducted an experiment. In the experiment, 118 students took part in a lab study, instructed to fast (禁食) for five or more hours before coming in, while the other group of 118 students were instructed to eat a meal before the experiment. Half of the students were instructed to write a short essay about their emotions to direct their attention to how they were feeling. The other half were told to write about an unemotional ordinary day. Then they were instructed to complete the boring task on the computer, sorting bright circles that were annoying to look at. As the student neared the end of the task, the computer was programmed to pop up (弹出) “the blue screen of death”, making it look as if the student’s computer had crashed (死机). Then a researcher would enter the scene and blame the student for the crash, telling him he had pressed the wrong button. After the experiment, the students were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their emotions and the quality of the experiment. The hungry students who had written about the ordinary day tended to criticize more, expressing more feelings of stress and anger. They evaluated (评估) the researchers as being more severe or more judgmental. However, the students who wrote about their emotions, focusing on their feelings before the task, did not share these same changes in emotions. In other words, with a little self-reflection, “hanger” can be removed. So, why does hunger cause anger? The reason is not clear, but at The Conversation Jennifer explains that previous studies have shown hunger activates (激活) many of the same physiological systems as emotions. Hunger causes the body to release the stress hormones. The hungrier you are, the more hormones are released, causing stress and urging you to take action, so you burst into anger. When you’re hungry — like when you’re having a strong emotion — it can temporarily change how you see the world. This is a concept called affect-as-information theory. “These findings suggest that the hangry feeling occurs when your hunger-caused negativity is blamed on the world around you,” Jennifer writes. “People don’t even realize they’re taking the wrong action.” 46. The author holds the point that ______. A. the research explained why hunger causes anger B. negative feelings would make people feel hungry C. anger is to hunger what chicken is to mushroom D. there is nothing to do to deal with the feeling of hanger 47. The students wrote a short essay in the experiment to make it possible to ______. A. test their writing skills B. study the phenomenon C. research the effect of short-term fasting D. investigate the impact of emotional awareness 48. How did the students who wrote about their emotions feel after the experiment? A. They were less affected emotionally. B. They felt more stressed and angry. C. They evaluated the researchers negatively. D. They were more critical of the experiment. 49. What role do hormones play in the development of “hanger”? A. They control the body to slow the development of the feeling of hunger. B. They play an important role in driving the person to burst into anger. C. They stop people from expressing their negative emotions freely. D. They help people reflect and recognize their mistakes themselves. 50. Which of the following may lead to “hanger”? A. You enjoy a rich dinner with your family. B. You wait an hour for your order at a restaurant. C. You jump the queue to buy something after lunch.| D. You help a boy with his broken bike on the way home. 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(满分32.5分) 第四部分 写作(共三节，满分32.5分) 第一节 阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 My dad is a kind, gentle man, and a man of few words. Throughout my life, he offered advice rarely. But the words were always appropriate to the situation I was facing. As a teen when I struggled with making sense of the world around me, he said, “All things are relative.” He taught me the right view of the world. When I was offered the opportunity to be a manager of an organization as an undergraduate student, I asked him for advice because he was a senior manager of a large company. His advice was simple, “Only when you become the manager can you have a vision for how you can make the organization better; management isn’t about power and it’s about leadership.” I learned what I needed was not only to be responsible for my team but also to have leading ability. When I was feeling down, he explained, “Think that you make the wrong choices in life, sometimes.” My dad is 86 now, living on his own and enjoying life while struggling with the challenges that aging brings. He keeps a positive attitude despite long pain and the losses that come in life. Although we live quite far away from each other, we talk daily on the phone, and he shares the joys of my young family. As I tell him how we’re heading off cycling or on a trip or out to play tennis, now his typical response is, “Do it while you can.” This is very important. We can’t be sure of the future. My father’s advice is like the ancient dictum（格言）of “ carpe diem”— seize the day and enjoy it to the fullest. My dad rarely “lectured me”. He trusted me, and helped me when I needed help. His patience and wisdom have been true gifts in my life. As I doubt my ability and my motivation, I recall his most recent gift of wisdom, “Do it while you can”. It’s enough to “just get me started”. 51. Why did the author’s dad tell him “All things are relative.”? (No more than 10 words) 52. What qualities should a manager have according to the author? (No more than 5 words) 53. What is the purpose of the author’s father talking with him on the phone every day? (No more than 10 words) 54. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (No more than 10 words) 55. How do you feel about the ancient dictum of “carpe diem”? (No more than 20 words) 第二节 写作(共1小题;满分22.5分) 56. 假定你是李华，你的学校正在开展“文化传承与创新”主题活动，计划举办一场“天津非遗文化展”的线上展览，得知你的朋友Anna对中国传统文化感兴趣，你想邀请她线上参与此项活动。请你给对方写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动目的（弘扬中国传统文化、促进文化交流）； 2. 说明活动内容（展示杨柳青年画、泥人张作品；邀请非遗传承人线上讲解制作工艺；互动体验环节）； 3. 表达期待对方参与的愿望。 写作要求： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 文化与传承与创新cultural heritage and innovation 在线展览online exhibition 泥人张Clay Figure Zhang 杨柳青年画Yangliuqing New Year’s Painting 非遗传承人inheritor of intangible cultural heritage Dear Anna, How’s everything going? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 渤油一中2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级 英语学科期中考试试卷 试卷说明： 1．本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题，含听力)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两个部分，本试卷满分150分，考试用时100分钟。 2．请把试卷上的所有答案按照题号填写在指定答题纸上;如果不按要求答题，视为无效答案。 3．上交答题纸。 第Ⅰ卷 客观题(满分117.5分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman probably want to do? A．Write a paper. B．Attend a class. C．Get some sleep. 2．When will the man see his parents? A．At 11:00. B．At 10:00. C．At 9:00. 3．Why didn’t the man see the woman at breakfast time? A．She went for a long walk. B．She finished her breakfast early. C．She didn’t go to the dining hall. 4．What does the woman think of the new art museum? A．It is nice inside. B．It looks attractive outside. C．It has no attraction for her. 5．What did the woman do with the report? A．She made suggestions on it. B．She asked the man to rewrite it. C．She got someone else to read it. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a plane. B．In a car. C．In a restaurant. 7．What will the man have? A．Bean salad and beer. B．Bean salad and water. C．Baked chicken and coffee. 8．Why doesn’t the man have a diet soda? A．It is expensive. B．It is unhealthy. C．It is not available. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9．What is the relationship between Stefan and the man? A．Workmates. B．Former schoolmates. C．Teacher and student. 10．Where did Stefan and the man go first? A．A restaurant. B．The riverside. C．A shopping mall. 11．What was by the river in the past? A．Factories. B．Gardens. C．A sports center. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12．When will the swim classes begin? A．On May 1st. B．On April 30th. C．On April 29th. 13．How many swim classes are being offered? A．10. B．15. C．20. 14．Who must come to show their swim skill on April 29th or 30th? A．Those who have no Level 3 certificates. B．Those who want to pass the skill level test quickly. C．Those who have never attended Community Pool classes. 15．Who will rate the students’ skill level? A．The speaker. B．The instructors. C．The local community. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分60分) 第一节 单项填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. —I can drive you home. —____ , but are you sure it’s not too much trouble? A That would be great B. Don’t bother C. I’m afraid not D. Take care 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：我载你回家。太好了，但你确定没给添麻烦吗？A. That would be great太好了；B. Don’t bother不用麻烦了；C. I’m afraid not恐怕不行；D. Take care当心。根据are you sure it’s not too much trouble?可知，此处表示同意，故选A项。 考点：考查情景交际。 【名师点睛】情景交际顾名思义就要根据情景来进行作答，所以语境的判断是十分重要的，根据are you sure it’s not too much trouble可知，此处表示同意，故可以很顺利找到答案。注意此类题三个步骤，一仔细审题，明确大意；二，分析圣诞，试填答案；三全题复读，融会贯通。 2. Dunhuang’s long and glorious history ______ its significance as a center of cultural exchange. A. distributes B. contributes C. dominates D. represents 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史代表了它作为文化交流中心的重要意义。A. distributes分配； B. contributes 做贡献；C. dominates支配； D. represents代表。根据句意和its significance as a center of cultural exchange可知，这里考查represent...as表“把……描绘成”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故选D项。 3. Life education at school should include guiding students to ______ deal with interpersonal relationships. A. properly B. originally C. temporarily D. slightly 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校的生活教育应该包括指导学生如何妥善处理人际关系。A. properly恰当地，妥善地；B. originally最初，原先；C. temporarily暂时地；D. slightly轻微地，稍微。结合常识和句中“Life education at school should include”可知，生活教育应该包括指导学生如何“妥善”处理人际关系，用properly作状语。故选A项。 4. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. is regarded B. regard C. are regarded D. regards 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最好的全面锻炼方式之一。空处是句子的谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，动词regard与主语之间是被动关系，因此要用被动语态，be regarded as⋅⋅⋅ 意为“被认为是……”。along with连接前后两个名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前者保持一致，即谓语动词应和cycling一致，应用单数形式，空处应填is regarded。故选A。 5. All children should be encouraged to realize their full ______ in school. A. participation B. principles C. possessions D. potential 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：应该鼓励所有的孩子在学校发挥他们的全部潜力。A. participation参与；B. principles原则；C. possessions财产；D. potential潜力。鼓励孩子在学校应该是为了让他们发挥最大的潜力，因此此处应填“潜力”，用potential。故选D。 6. ______ the bad weather, the next flight will be cancelled. A. Regardless of B. Owing to C. On behalf of D. In harmony with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于天气不好，下一班航班将取消。A. Regardless of不管；B. Owing to由于；C. On behalf of代表；D. In harmony with与……和谐一致。根据后文“the bad weather, the next flight will be cancelled”可知，航班取消是由于天气不好。故选B。 7. We are now living in a world ______ computers rule our work and daily life, so online searches have already become a must. A. that B. which C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我们现在生活在一个计算机统治我们工作和日常生活的世界，因此在线搜索已经成为必须的。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词world，且在从句中作状语，用关系副词where符合题意。故选D。 8. The farmers were so pleased to see the problem ______ by the local government quickly. A. solves B. solving C. solved D. to solve 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：农民们看到当地政府迅速解决问题，感到非常高兴。根据句意可知，空中solve意为“解决”，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the problem之间有被动关系，所以应用过去分词solved，表被动，作宾语补足语。故选C。 9. I am determined to get a ticket for the concert ______ it means standing in a line all night. A. now that B. even though C. as if D. so that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我决心要买到音乐会的票，即使这意味着要通宵排队。A. now that既然；B. even though即使；C. as if好像；D. so that以便。结合语境可知，空格前后两句之间存在让步关系，即便需要通宵排队，也要决心买到票。因此，应使用even though来引导让步状语从句。故选B。 10. Several new lines are being built now and ______ in the near future. A. are completed B. are being completed C. will complete D. will be completed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：几条新线路正在建设中，在不久的将来将会完工。根据时间状语“in the near future(在不久的将来)”可知，使用一般将来时，且主语“lines”与谓语动词“complete”之间是被动关系，使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选 D。 11. A volcanic eruption nearly ______ the small island of Montserrat in 1997. A lay in B. happened to C. wiped out D. went through 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：1997年的一次火山爆发几乎摧毁了蒙特塞拉特小岛。A. lay in位于；B. happened to碰巧；C. wiped out消灭，彻底摧毁；D. went through经历。根据“A volcanic eruption”可知，火山爆发摧毁了小岛。故选C。 12. The police tried to push the door open to rescue the girl but in vain. Thus, they force to open it. A. employed B. trembled C. withdrew D. enhanced 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察试图推开门去救那个女孩，但没有成功。因此，他们使用武力来打开它。A.employed使用；B.trembled颤抖；C.withdrew撤回；D.enhanced增强。根据“force to open it”可知，此处是指使用武力打开它。故选A。 13. ______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. What B. Who C. How D. That 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这本书之所以如此不同寻常，是因为作者富有创造性的想象力。A.What所……的；B.Who谁；C.How怎样；D.That无意义且不充当成分。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语从句连接词，在从句中作主语，结合句意可知，此处使用what“所……的”符合句意，故选A项。 14. He is widely ______ to be one of the best novelists in the world. A. acknowledged B. exposed C. boosted D. polished 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被公认为世界上最优秀的小说家之一。A. acknowledged承认；B. exposed暴露；C. boosted促进；D. polished打磨。结合句意可知，这里使用短语be acknowledged to be“被公认为……”符合句意，故选A项。 15. — Sam is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow. — Well, he ______ if he has something else to do. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——Sam在问他是否必须参加明天的会议。——嗯，如果他有别的事要做，就不用了。A. needn’t不需要，不必；B. can’t不能；C. mustn’t禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据“if he has something else to do”可知，如果有别的事情做就不必参加明天早上的会议了。故选A。 第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Jenelle was a new and kind Hampshire woman. She has ____16____ nearly $400,000 for an elderly disabled veteran (退伍军人) named Donald, who has been ____17____ to keep up with bills while caring for his wife who was in hospital. The story began when Jenelle met Donald at a pawn (典当) shop in Manchester, where he was pawning jewelry to ____18____ his bills. Donald shared with Jenelle the ____19____ situations he was in: the ____20____ had increased, and he was finding it increasingly difficult to make ends meet while caring for his wife. He ____21____ they might lose their home and that his beloved wife could end up in a care center due to their ____22____ problem. Deeply moved by his situation, Jenelle ____23____ took action. She gathered $1,300 from her own savings and ____24____ from friends and family to help the 90-year-old. The woman’s support didn’t ______25______ there. Jenelle set up a GoFundMe page for Donald, and the ______26______ was heartwarming. Donations ______27______ from around the world, bringing the total to nearly $400,000. Seeing lots of strangers’ support, Donald was ______28______, tearfully stressing that he was “just an ordinary man”. But as Jenelle explained to him, he’s much more than that to the people who have been ______29______ by his story. These days, Jenelle ______30______ the moving moment when she told Donald about the unbelievable ______31______ of strangers. “I told him that meant that everyone in the world was seeing this and ______32______ forward to donate,” she said. “Even before I told him the amount he couldn’t believe the ______33______ of strangers across the world.” This amazing act of kindness shows how the ______34______ of strangers can change lives, offering ______35______ to those who need it most. 16. A. paid B. raised C. earned D. borrowed 17. A. surviving B. striking C. struggling D. suffering 18. A. cover B. test C. add D. cost 19. A. exciting B. regular C. different D. tough 20. A. rent B. standard C. business D. experience 21. A. convinced B. feared C. decided D. announced 22. A. mental B. physical C. legal D. financial 23. A. gradually B. rarely C. instantly D. narrowly 24. A. contributions B. memories C. expectations D. impressions 25. A. change B. stop C. appear D. approach 26. A. achievement B. responsibility C. response D. target 27. A. poured in B. focused on C. broke in D. took on 28. A. surprised B. moved C. disappointed D. satisfied 29. A. bothered B. persuaded C. touched D. appreciated 30. A. suspected B. accepted C. passed D. shared 31. A. generosity B. bravery C. loyalty D. honesty 32. A. putting B. looking C. searching D. stepping 33. A. attitude B. kindness C. effort D. motivation 34. A. patience B. unselfishness C. inspiration D. joy 35. A. advice B. interest C. hope D. profit 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了善良的Jenelle为一位残疾老兵Donald筹集资金，帮助他度过难关的故事，展现了陌生人的无私帮助如何改变他人的生活。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已经为一位名叫Donal的老年残疾退伍军人筹集了近40万美元，这位退伍军人在照顾住院的妻子的同时，一直努力支付各种账单。A. paid支付；B. raised筹集；C. earned赚得；D. borrowed借入。根据下文“Jenelle set up a GoFundMe page for Donald”可知，Jenelle为Donald筹集了近40万美元。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. surviving幸存；B. striking打击；C. struggling挣扎，努力；D. suffering遭受。根据下文“he was finding it increasingly difficult to make ends meet”可知，Donald在努力支付账单。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：故事开始于Jenelle在曼彻斯特的一家典当店遇到Donald，他在那里典当珠宝以支付账单。A. cover支付，覆盖；B. test测试；C. add添加；D. cost花费。根据下文“his bills”可知，此处指支付账单，应用cover。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donald向Jenelle分享了他所处的艰难处境：房租涨了，而在照顾妻子的同时，他发现越来越难以维持生计。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. regular规律的；C. different不同的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文“he was finding it increasingly difficult to make ends meet”可知，Donald的处境很艰难。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rent租金；B. standard标准；C. business生意；D. experience经历。根据下文“they might lose their home”可知，房租上涨了。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他担心他们会失去家园，他深爱的妻子可能会因为他们的经济问题而最终进入护理中心。A. convinced说服；B. feared担心；C. decided决定；D. announced宣布。根据下文“they might lose their home”可知，Donald担心会失去家园。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. mental精神的；B. physical身体的；C. legal合法的；D. financial经济的。根据上文“he was finding it increasingly difficult to make ends meet”可知，因为经济问题，Donald的妻子可能会进入护理中心。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：被他的处境深深打动，Jenelle立即采取了行动。A. gradually逐渐地；B. rarely罕见地；C. instantly立即；D. narrowly勉强地。根据下文“She gathered $1,300 from her own savings”可知，Jenelle被Donald的处境打动，立即采取了行动。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从自己的积蓄中筹集了1300美元，并从朋友和家人那里得到捐助来帮助这位90岁的老人。A. contributions捐助，贡献；B. memories记忆；C. expectations期待；D. impressions印象。根据下文“from friends and family to help the 90-year-old”可知，Jenelle从朋友和家人那里得到捐助。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位女士的支持并没有就此停止。A. change改变；B. stop停止；C. appear出现；D. approach接近。根据下文“Jenelle set up a GoFundMe page for Donald”可知，Jenelle的支持并没有停止，她还为Donald建立了筹款页面。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jenelle为Donald建立了一个GoFundMe页面，人们的反应令人暖心。A. achievement成就；B. responsibility责任；C. response反应；D. target目标。根据下文“was heartwarming”和“bringing the total to nearly $400,000”可知，人们的反应令人暖心。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：来自世界各地的捐款纷至沓来，总额达到近40万美元。A. poured in大量涌入；B. focused on集中于；C. broke in闯入；D. took on承担。根据下文“from around the world, bringing the total to nearly $400,000”可知，捐款大量涌入。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这么多陌生人的支持，Donald很感动，含泪强调说他“只是一个普通人”。A. surprised惊讶的；B. moved感动的；C. disappointed失望的；D. satisfied满意的。根据下文“tearfully stressing that he was ‘just an ordinary man’”可知，看到这么多陌生人的支持，Donald很感动。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但正如Jenelle向他解释的，对于那些被他的故事所打动的人来说，他的意义远不止于此。A. bothered打扰；B. persuaded说服；C. touched打动；D. appreciated感激。根据上文“Seeing lots of strangers’ support, Donald was _____13_____”可知，Donald的故事打动了很多人。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天，Jenelle分享了当她告诉Donald陌生人的那令人难以置信的慷慨之举时的感人时刻。A. suspected怀疑；B. accepted接受；C. passed通过；D. shared分享。根据下文“the moving moment when she told Donald”可知，Jenelle分享了这一令人感动的时刻。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. generosity慷慨；B. bravery勇敢；C. loyalty忠诚；D. honesty诚实。根据上文“Seeing lots of strangers’ support”可知，陌生人很慷慨地提供了支持。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我告诉他，这意味着世界上的每个人都看到了这一点，并站出来捐款，”她说。A. putting放置；B. looking看；C. searching搜索；D. stepping踏。根据下文“forward to donate”以及上文“bringing the total to nearly $400,000”可知，有人站出来捐款，应用step forward。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至在我告诉他金额之前，他都不敢相信世界各地陌生人的善良。A. attitude态度；B. kindness善良；C. effort努力；D. motivation动机。根据上文“Seeing lots of strangers’ support”可知，世界各地陌生人的善良让Donald不敢相信。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一惊人的善举表明，陌生人的无私如何改变生活，为最需要帮助的人带来希望。A. patience耐心；B. unselfishness无私；C. inspiration灵感；D. joy快乐。根据上文“this amazing act of kindness”以及陌生人给Donald捐款可知，这是无私的行为。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一惊人的善举表明，陌生人的无私如何改变生活，为最需要帮助的人带来希望。A. advice建议；B. interest兴趣；C. hope希望；D. profit利润。根据下文“to those who need it most”可知，陌生人的无私为最需要帮助的人带来了希望。故选C。 第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Is an Electric Vehicle fight for you? Many people will ask themselves that question for the first time this year. Prices are falling, battery range is rising and mainstream brands are adding new EVs at a breakneck pace. Here are three things anybody seriously considering buying an EV should know: 1. The price to install (安装) a 240v charger Anybody who owns an electric vehicle needs a 240-volt charger at home. With one, you can recharge overnight, so you start every day with the equal amount of a full tank. Just a few years ago, home 240v EV chargers cost $2,500-$3,000, including installation, but prices have declined as competition grows with the number of EVs on the road. 2. The time it takes to charge About 80% of miles driven in EVs are powered by electricity charged at home, but you’ll need to charge elsewhere occasionally. That’s when charging time becomes a big deal, but how long it takes depends on a couple of factors. First, voltage (电压) from the charger. Getting 250 miles of range in seven hours from a 240v charger is fine when you re charging overnight at home, but it’s a problem if you’re going 300 miles for a weekend trip. In that case, you’ll want to look for a 400v fast charger. They’re not as common as 240v public chargers yet, but they’re becoming more widespread. There’s another factor: the on-board charger. It regulates how fast the battery can accept electricity. A vehicle with a higher-capacity on-board charger accepts electricity faster. 3. Where to charge Good route-planning apps will help you find chargers on a road trip easily. “Most people have no idea how many public charging stations are within, say, a 10-or 15-mile radius (半径) because they’re small, people don’t look for them or even don’t know what to look for, and they’re rarely signposted,” said journalist John Voelcker, who has studied EVs and charging exhaustively. 4. On the horizon If an EV doesn’t meet your needs now, watch this space. They’re coming closer. but large numbers of gasoline vehicles will remain in production for years. Beyond that, companies will keep making spare parts for oil-burners for decades. 36. What is the primary benefit of having a 240-volt charger at home for EV owners? A. It allows for faster travel. B. It enables overnight recharging. C. It reduces the cost of electricity. D. It increases the battery capacity. 37. What is a significant factor affecting how long it takes to charge an EV? A. The speed of the vehicle. B. The weight of the vehicle. C. The type of battery used. D. The voltage from the charger. 38. According to the article, how do most people feel about public charging stations? A. They find them easy to locate. B. They are well aware of their locations. C. They often underestimate their availability. D. They prefer to use home chargers completely. 39. What does the article suggest about the future of gasoline vehicles? A. They will be completely disappear in a few years. B. They will continue to be produced for years. C. They will become more expensive than EVs. D. They will have better technology than EVs. 40. This passage is mainly intended to . A. offer advice on purchasing an electric vehicle. B. illustrate the factors charging time depends on. C. look forward to the future of electric vehicles. D. explain the reason for the falling prices of electric vehicles. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这篇一篇应用文，主要提供了有关电动车（EV）选择方面的建议与考虑因素。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With one, you can recharge overnight, so you start every day with the equal amount of a full tank. (有了它，你可以一夜之间充电，这样你每天早上都可以以满箱的电量开始新的一天。)”可推知，电动车车主在家安装240伏充电器的主要好处在于它能够在夜间充电完毕。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“but how long it takes depends on a couple of factors. (需要多长时间取决于几个因素。)以及根据第六段“First, voltage (电压) from the charger. (首先是充电器的电压。)”可推知，影响电动车充电时间的一个重要因素是电压。故选D。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第九段“Most people have no idea how many public charging stations are within, say, a 10-or 15-mile radius (大多数人不知道在10或15英里半径内有多少公共充电站)”可推知，大多数人常常低估了公共充电站的可用性。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“but large numbers of gasoline vehicles will remain in production for years. (但是大量汽油车会继续生产多年。)”可知，汽油车在未来还会继续生产多年。故选B。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Here are three things anybody seriously considering buying an EV should know: (任何认真考虑购买电动汽车的人都应该知道以下三点：)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了购买电动汽车前需要了解的三个重要知识点，也就是提供购买电动汽车的建议。故选A项。 B During my graduate studies, countless workshops taught me one thing: To make it in science, one must design and carry out big projects. As I established my own research lab, a senior colleague encouraged me to try something big. So when I landed an associate professor position, my goal seemed obvious: I should perform big projects. This was the only way to lay a foundation for a successful academic research career. The path, however, would not be as clear as I had pictured. When I contacted famous researchers to suggest cooperating, as is typically required for high-profile (高姿态的) projects they frequently replied enthusiastically to start with, agreeing my project sounded interesting and promising. But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical (持怀疑态度的) and hesitant, ultimately saying no. And when I sought grant funding, my lack of experience and reputation was cited as a reason to refuse support for my ambitious proposals. I spent about two years being trapped in this mindset (思维模式), excited about my big ideas but making little actual progress, leading to frustration and depression. As I neared my breaking point, I began to ask myself: Were big projects really the only route? When I shifted to small projects, I became brave enough to step into fields I was not familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I found creative ideas to pursue (追求). When I discussed these adventurous, low-cost projects with early-career researchers, they were glad to cooperate. We secured funding. When I published papers out of these projects, they were not exciting enough to make headlines — but for me, it was a moment of joy and self-contentment. It has now been 3 years since I embraced this “small” approach. Sometimes senior colleagues say I’m wasting time with projects that aren’t important enough. But I disagree. When I do these studies, I also find clues for future big projects. Going forward, I will still commit part of my time to exploring small projects, which I think can help pursue more fundamental questions. 41. What is the author trying to do with big projects? A. Pursue his graduate studies. B. Seek a route to academic success. C. Apply for an associate professorship. D. Establish an academic research center. 42. What prevented the author pursuing his big project? A. Lack of necessary support. B. The toughness of work. C. Shortage of academic talents. D. The opposition from colleagues. 43. According to the third paragraph, what made the author frustrated and depressed? A. His big projects all failed. B. His big ideas were not practical. C. He suffered from mental and physical problems. D. He was confident about his idea, but it didn’t go far enough. 44. How did the author carry out his small project? A. By publishing influential papers. B. By getting young colleagues’ funding. C. By exploring and coming up with new ideas. D. By cooperating with senior colleagues. 45. What does the author learn from his experience? A. Good jobs require a high degree. B. Ambition isn’t fit for the young. C. Success results from preparation. D. Small doesn’t mean unimportant. 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者最初认为大项目是学术成功的唯一途径，但因缺乏支持陷入困境，后来他转向小项目，通过跨领域探索与合作取得成果，并认识到小项目的重要性。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“So when I landed an associate professor position, my goal seemed obvious: I should perform big projects. This was the only way to lay a foundation for a successful academic research career. (因此，当我获得副教授职位时，我的目标似乎很明显：我应该执行大项目。这是为成功的学术研究生涯奠定基础的唯一途径)”可知，作者希望通过大项目寻找通往学术成功的道路。故选B项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But when they learned I had just established my lab, they became skeptical (持怀疑态度的) and hesitant, ultimately saying no. And when I sought grant funding, my lack of experience and reputation was cited as a reason to refuse support for my ambitious proposals. (但当他们得知我刚成立实验室时，态度立刻变得迟疑犹豫，最终拒绝了合作。而当我申请科研经费时，评审方也以我资历尚浅、学术声誉不足为由，拒绝为这些雄心勃勃的提案提供支持)”可知，缺乏必要的合作与资金支持阻碍了大项目的推进。故选A项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“I spent about two years being trapped in this mindset (思维模式), excited about my big ideas but making little actual progress, leading to frustration and depression. (我有大约两年的时间被困在这种心态中，虽然对大构想充满热情，实际进展却微乎其微，最终陷入沮丧与抑郁)”可知，作者对自己的想法很有信心，但进展微乎其微，这导致他沮丧与抑郁。故选D项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“When I shifted to small projects, I became brave enough to step into fields I was not familiar with. By reading papers in new areas, I found creative ideas to pursue (追求). (当我转向小型项目后，我变得敢于涉足陌生领域。通过阅读新领域的论文，我找到了值得探索的创新思路)”可知，作者通过探索和提出新的想法来完成他的小项目。故选C项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Sometimes senior colleagues say I’m wasting time with projects that aren’t important enough. But I disagree. When I do these studies, I also find clues for future big projects. Going forward, I will still commit part of my time to exploring small projects, which I think can help pursue more fundamental questions. (有时候资深同事会说我在不够重要的项目上浪费时间，但我并不认同。当我做这些研究时，也能为未来的大项目找到线索。今后我仍会投入部分时间探索小项目，因为我相信这有助于追寻更根本性的问题)”可知，作者不认同小项目不够重要的观点，并指出小项目有可能促成大项目，促进对更根本性的问题的探索。由此可知，作者领悟到项目小并不意味着不重要。故选D项。 C As a contraction of “hungry” and “angry”, the word “hangry” has only been in common use since the beginning of the century. Researchers have taken a step toward figuring out why irritability and puckishness (易怒和有点饿) go together like tomatoes and eggs, or chicken and mushroom. To study the phenomenon, Jennifer conducted an experiment. In the experiment, 118 students took part in a lab study, instructed to fast (禁食) for five or more hours before coming in, while the other group of 118 students were instructed to eat a meal before the experiment. Half of the students were instructed to write a short essay about their emotions to direct their attention to how they were feeling. The other half were told to write about an unemotional ordinary day. Then they were instructed to complete the boring task on the computer, sorting bright circles that were annoying to look at. As the student neared the end of the task, the computer was programmed to pop up (弹出) “the blue screen of death”, making it look as if the student’s computer had crashed (死机). Then a researcher would enter the scene and blame the student for the crash, telling him he had pressed the wrong button. After the experiment, the students were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their emotions and the quality of the experiment. The hungry students who had written about the ordinary day tended to criticize more, expressing more feelings of stress and anger. They evaluated (评估) the researchers as being more severe or more judgmental. However, the students who wrote about their emotions, focusing on their feelings before the task, did not share these same changes in emotions. In other words, with a little self-reflection, “hanger” can be removed. So, why does hunger cause anger? The reason is not clear, but at The Conversation Jennifer explains that previous studies have shown hunger activates (激活) many of the same physiological systems as emotions. Hunger causes the body to release the stress hormones. The hungrier you are, the more hormones are released, causing stress and urging you to take action, so you burst into anger. When you’re hungry — like when you’re having a strong emotion — it can temporarily change how you see the world. This is a concept called affect-as-information theory. “These findings suggest that the hangry feeling occurs when your hunger-caused negativity is blamed on the world around you,” Jennifer writes. “People don’t even realize they’re taking the wrong action.” 46. The author holds the point that ______. A. the research explained why hunger causes anger B. negative feelings would make people feel hungry C. anger is to hunger what chicken is to mushroom D. there is nothing to do to deal with the feeling of hanger 47. The students wrote a short essay in the experiment to make it possible to ______. A. test their writing skills B. study the phenomenon C. research the effect of short-term fasting D. investigate the impact of emotional awareness 48. How did the students who wrote about their emotions feel after the experiment? A. They were less affected emotionally. B. They felt more stressed and angry. C. They evaluated the researchers negatively. D. They were more critical of the experiment. 49. What role do hormones play in the development of “hanger”? A. They control the body to slow the development of the feeling of hunger. B. They play an important role in driving the person to burst into anger. C. They stop people from expressing their negative emotions freely. D. They help people reflect and recognize their mistakes themselves. 50. Which of the following may lead to “hanger”? A. You enjoy a rich dinner with your family. B. You wait an hour for your order at a restaurant. C. You jump the queue to buy something after lunch.| D. You help a boy with his broken bike on the way home. 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究通过对照实验表明饥饿的确可以引发愤怒，但情绪自我觉察可缓解该现象，其机制可以用情感信息理论解释——人们常将饥饿导致的负面情绪错误归因于外部环境。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Researchers have taken a step toward figuring out why irritability and puckishness (易怒和有点饿) go together like tomatoes and eggs, or chicken and mushroom. (研究人员在探索“为什么易怒和有点饿总是形影不离”这个问题上取得了进展——就像西红柿炒蛋或小鸡炖蘑菇那样，这两种状态总是相伴相生)”可知，作者将饥饿与愤怒关系比作经典食物搭配，说明两者总是形影不离，C项“愤怒之于饥饿，犹如鸡肉之于蘑菇”复现了这个类比，表明饥饿与愤怒的天然关联性，契合作者的观点。故选C项。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Half of the students were instructed to write a short essay about their emotions to direct their attention to how they were feeling. The other half were told to write about an unemotional ordinary day. (其中一半学生被要求撰写一篇关于自己情绪的短文，以引导他们关注自身感受。另一半学生则被要求描述一个平淡无奇的日常日子)”、第三段中“The hungry students who had written about the ordinary day tended to criticize more, expressing more feelings of stress and anger. (那些被要求记录日常生活的饥饿学生往往表现出更多批评态度，流露出更强的压力和愤怒情绪)”和“However, the students who wrote about their emotions, focusing on their feelings before the task, did not share these same changes in emotions. (然而，那些在任务前专注记录自身情绪的学生，并未出现同样的情绪波动)”可知，实验中研究者让学生撰写情绪短文或日常记录，最后的研究结果表明关注自身情绪者更少愤怒。由此可知，让学生写情绪短文是为了对比情绪觉察对饿怒的影响。故选D项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, the students who wrote about their emotions, focusing on their feelings before the task, did not share these same changes in emotions. (然而，那些在任务前专注记录自身情绪的学生，并未出现同样的情绪波动)”可知，这部分学生较少受负面情绪影响。故选A项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hunger causes the body to release the stress hormones. The hungrier you are, the more hormones are released, causing stress and urging you to take action, so you burst into anger. (饥饿会促使人体释放压力荷尔蒙。饥饿感越强烈，释放的荷尔蒙就越多，这会引发压力并促使你采取行动，最终导致你突然发怒)”可知，荷尔蒙在驱使人发怒方面起着重要作用。故选B项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Jennifer所说的话“These findings suggest that the hangry feeling occurs when your hunger-caused negativity is blamed on the world around you (这些研究结果表明，当你将饥饿引发的负面情绪归咎于周遭环境时，就会产生“饿怒”情绪)”可知，B项“你在餐馆等了一个小时才点餐”的情况下，你是饥饿的，且等待时间过长会让你难以忍受，这时你容易有“饿怒”情绪。故选B项。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(满分32.5分) 第四部分 写作(共三节，满分32.5分) 第一节 阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 My dad is a kind, gentle man, and a man of few words. Throughout my life, he offered advice rarely. But the words were always appropriate to the situation I was facing. As a teen when I struggled with making sense of the world around me, he said, “All things are relative.” He taught me the right view of the world. When I was offered the opportunity to be a manager of an organization as an undergraduate student, I asked him for advice because he was a senior manager of a large company. His advice was simple, “Only when you become the manager can you have a vision for how you can make the organization better; management isn’t about power and it’s about leadership.” I learned what I needed was not only to be responsible for my team but also to have leading ability. When I was feeling down, he explained, “Think that you make the wrong choices in life, sometimes.” My dad is 86 now, living on his own and enjoying life while struggling with the challenges that aging brings. He keeps a positive attitude despite long pain and the losses that come in life. Although we live quite far away from each other, we talk daily on the phone, and he shares the joys of my young family. As I tell him how we’re heading off cycling or on a trip or out to play tennis, now his typical response is, “Do it while you can.” This is very important. We can’t be sure of the future. My father’s advice is like the ancient dictum（格言）of “ carpe diem”— seize the day and enjoy it to the fullest. My dad rarely “lectured me”. He trusted me, and helped me when I needed help. His patience and wisdom have been true gifts in my life. As I doubt my ability and my motivation, I recall his most recent gift of wisdom, “Do it while you can”. It’s enough to “just get me started”. 51. Why did the author’s dad tell him “All things are relative.”? (No more than 10 words) 52. What qualities should a manager have according to the author? (No more than 5 words) 53. What is the purpose of the author’s father talking with him on the phone every day? (No more than 10 words) 54. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (No more than 10 words) 55. How do you feel about the ancient dictum of “carpe diem”? (No more than 20 words) 【答案】51. To teach the author the right view of the world. 52. Both responsibility and leading ability. 53. Learning (To learn) more about the pleasure of the author’s family. 54. His father’s words make him take action. 55. Open.(Answers may vary) (One possible version: ) I totally agree with it, because I think one should seize the day to enjoy his life without regret. 【解析】 【分析】本文为记叙文。作者介绍了自己的父亲及父亲对自己的教导和启发。 【51题详解】 根据第二段中的As a teen when I struggled with making sense of the world around me, he said, “All things are relative.” He taught me the right view of the world.可知，作者的父亲说“所有的事情都是相对的。”是为了教给作者正确的世界观。考虑词数限制，故答To teach the author the right view of the world. 52题详解】 根据第二段中的I learned what I needed was not only to be responsible for my team but also to have leading ability.可知，作者明白了作为经理他需要的不仅仅是对团队负责，还要有领导能力。考虑词数限制，故答Both responsibility and leading ability. 【53题详解】 根据第三段中的Although we live quite far away from each other, we talk daily on the phone, and he shares the joys of my young family. 可知，作者的父亲每天和他通电话的目的实际上是想分享年轻家庭的快乐。考虑词数限制，故答Learning (To learn) more about the pleasure of the author’s family. 【54题详解】 根据最后一段中的As I doubt my ability and my motivation, I recall his most recent gift of wisdom, “Do it while you can”. It’s enough to “just get me started”可知，当作者怀疑自己的能力和动机时，他会想起父亲最近赐予他的智慧——“趁你能做的时候去做”。这足以让我“开始”了。由此可知，划线句意为，父亲的话让自己行动起来。考虑词数限制，故答His father’s words make him take action. 【55题详解】 此题答案不统一，答题时要有立场、要有依据，同时注意字数限制。例如：I totally agree with it, because I think one should seize the day to enjoy his life without regret.（我完全同意，因为我认为一个人应该抓住这一天，享受他的生活没有遗憾） 第二节 写作(共1小题;满分22.5分) 56. 假定你是李华，你的学校正在开展“文化传承与创新”主题活动，计划举办一场“天津非遗文化展”的线上展览，得知你的朋友Anna对中国传统文化感兴趣，你想邀请她线上参与此项活动。请你给对方写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动目的（弘扬中国传统文化、促进文化交流）； 2. 说明活动内容（展示杨柳青年画、泥人张作品；邀请非遗传承人线上讲解制作工艺；互动体验环节）； 3. 表达期待对方参与的愿望。 写作要求： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 文化与传承与创新cultural heritage and innovation 在线展览online exhibition 泥人张Clay Figure Zhang 杨柳青年画Yangliuqing New Year’s Painting 非遗传承人inheritor of intangible cultural heritage Dear Anna, How’s everything going? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Anna, How’s everything going? As you have always shown great interest in Chinese traditional culture, I’m excited to invite you to our school’s upcoming online exhibition, “Tianjin Intangible Cultural Heritage Show”, which aims to promote cultural exchange and preserve China’s rich traditions. The event will feature fascinating displays of Yangliuqing New Year’s Painting and Clay Figurine Zhang’s artworks, both renowned as national treasures. What makes it even more special is that we’ve invited inheritors of intangible cultural heritage to demonstrate their crafting techniques live and share stories behind these art forms. Additionally, there will be an interactive session where participants can try designing their own New Year’s paintings! Please let me know if you want to join. I’d love to discuss it with you afterward! Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，写一封邮件给朋友Anna，邀请她参与“天津非遗文化展”的线上展览，应首先简要介绍活动目的，再详细说明活动内容，最后表达期待对方参与。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 即将到来的：upcoming→forthcoming 旨在做某事：aim to do→be intended to do, be meant to do 吸引人的：fascinating→engaging, attractive 展示：demonstrate→showcase, show 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The event will feature fascinating displays of Yangliuqing New Year’s Painting and Clay Figurine Zhang’s artworks both renowned as national treasures. 拓展句：The event will feature fascinating displays of Yangliuqing New Year’s Painting and Clay Figurine Zhang’s artworks, both of which are renowned as national treasures. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As you have always shown great interest in Chinese traditional culture, I’m excited to invite you to our school’s upcoming online exhibition, “Tianjin Intangible Cultural Heritage Show”, which aims to promote cultural exchange and preserve China’s rich traditions. (运用了As引导原因状语从句、which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] What makes it even more special is that we’ve invited inheritors of intangible cultural heritage to demonstrate their crafting techniques live and share stories behind these art forms. (运用了What引导主语从句、that引导表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$