精品解析：四川省江油中学2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题

江油中学2023级高二下期第一次阶段性考试 英语试题 (本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答案一律写在答题卡上) 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。 2. 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 3. 考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。 4. 第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分。 5. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman cutting her own hair? A. Her favorite hairstylist isn’t available. B. She wants to learn a new skill. C. She is trying to save money. 2. What is the woman’s mother good at making? A. Spaghetti. B. Pizza. C. Apple pie. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Doctor and patient. 4. Which optional course does the woman suggest the man take? A. Personal Finance. B. Music Education. C. Psychology. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A photo exhibit. B. Travel destinations. C. An art gallery. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the woman going first? A. To her home. B. To a library. C. To a bus stop. 7. Which word best describes the man? A. Forgetful. B. Helpful. C. Impatient. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman get in the book The Shining? A. A plane ticket. B. A five-dollar bill. C. A photo. 9. In which book did the woman find a letter? A. Metaphors We Live By. B. The Moon and Sixpence. C. Introduction to Algorithms. 10. When did the man get the book Introduction to Algorithms? A. Three days ago. B. Two years ago. C. Five years ago. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. In what way does the man try to locate Jennifer’s phone? A. By making a phone call. B. By asking his friends for help. C. By going to the lost and found. 12. Why didn’t Jennifer note down the details about the taxi? A. She was viewing some important photos. B. She was in a hurry to get to work. C. She was talking on the phone. 13. How does the man sound in the end? A. Anxious. B. Annoyed. C. Optimistic. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did Emily start showing interest in the violin? A. After she watched a live show. B. After she took a violin lesson. C. After she got her first violin. 15. How many hours a day did Emily practice the violin at first? A. About one hour. B. About four hours. C. About five hours. 16. What did Emily do at the age of 17? A. She performed at Carnegie Hall. B. She travelled with her parents. C. She entered a national contest. 17. Which is Emily’s second album? A. Symphonic Dreams. B. Harmony. C. Strings of Passion. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How many of the top 10 winners are from Peru? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 19. Where does Korenc Karel come from? A. Zambia. B. The United States. C. The Czech Republic. 20. What does Markus Hanisch say about Shaolin kung fu? A. It encourages people to keep a healthy lifestyle. B. It promotes cultural exchanges between countries. C. It plays an important role in his personal growth. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Best Alternatives of Top Travel Booking Sites After losing two precious years to COVID, everybody is desperate to travel and explore the world. However, planning a dream trip is not easy as it demands carefully spending your money on flights and accommodation. Let’s see what best travel booking sites in the UK has to offer and what alternatives we have: Travelhouseuk It has been dedicated to serving its important clients for more than two decades now by using the expertise of travel agents. It is an element of human interaction with your travel agent that allows you to discuss your requirements in depth for personalization and look for customer support even after the booking is made. Skyscanner It is a user-friendly interface that compares flight prices from all over the globe and brings out the best deals on flights. Not only flights but you can use this metasearch engine for hotels and car rentals too. It is a great tool for everyone, but some alternatives may help you even better in finding the cheapest trip to your destination. Cheap Flights When Skyscanner considers known carriers to maintain the quality, Cheapflights takes the lead with the cheapest flight options worldwide. The online site serves up the cheapest time to fly, reasonable hotel rates, low-cost car rentals and vacation packages. The aim is to promote and simplify your travel experience by offering it all in one place. Google Flights It is a renowned name that facilitates online sales of air ticket through third-party suppliers. The best feature of using Google Flights is based on no predetermined time limits. You can look for the cheapest flying dates within the next two months of search dates. 1. What makes Travelhouseuk special? A. Its price. B. Its convenience. C. Its booking time. D. Its personalized service. 2. Which travel agency can you choose if you want to drive? A. Travelhouseuk and Google Flights. B. Google Flights and Cheap Flights. C. Skyscanner and Cheap Flights. D. Cheap Flights and Travelhouseuk. 3. In which part of the web can you read this article? A. Travel. B. Culture. C. Lifestyle. D. Business. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了英国四个最好的旅游预订网站。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Travelhouseuk中“It is an element of human interaction with your travel agent that allows you to discuss your requirements in depth for personalization and look for customer support even after the booking is made. (这是一种与旅行社互动的方式，可以让你深入讨论个性化需求，甚至在预订完成后寻求客户支持)”可知，该机构的特别之处在于提供个性化的服务。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Skyscanner中“Not only flights but you can use this metasearch engine for hotels and car rentals too. (不仅是航班，你也可以用这个元搜索引擎搜索酒店和汽车租赁)”和Cheap Flights中“The online site serves up the cheapest time to fly, reasonable hotel rates, low-cost car rentals and vacation packages. (该网站提供最便宜的飞行时间、合理的酒店价格、廉价的汽车租赁和度假套餐)”可知，这两个旅游机构提供汽车租赁的搜索，因此适合想要驾车的游客。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Let’s see what best travel booking sites in the UK has to offer and what alternatives we have (让我们来看看英国最好的旅游预订网站有哪些，以及我们有哪些选择)”可知，文章是为读者介绍英国最好的旅游预订网站。文章内容主要属于旅游休闲，因此可能出自网页的旅游部分。故选A项。 B Bruce Springsteen played at MetLife Stadium last weekend in New Jersey, which is about an hour’s drive from my home. I’ve been a huge fan of his music for a long time, but I’ve never seen him at a concert. There were still tickets available, and yet I held back. I didn’t want to go there alone. I’m an independent woman who has lived alone since graduating from college. I love living alone and I need lots of solo (单独的) time to recharge my batteries from a demanding job. I enjoy spending time with small groups of friends and seeing my brother and his family, but I hesitate when leisure time involves large crowds, such as concerts or even movies. I don’t have social anxiety, so I often wonder why I hesitate when it comes to going somewhere alone. A previous study stated that people hesitate about doing things by themselves because they’re afraid of how they’ll be perceived. The good news is that no one is going to notice that. The reason is “the spotlight effect” which has been tested and proven through the use of bright yellow T-shirts. Students were forced to wear these bright shirts to class and were asked how many students they thought would notice them. The subjects thought, on average, about 50% of the class would notice them. In reality, fewer than 20%of the students noticed the shirts. I believe that some activities, such as listening to one’s favorite music at a concert, would be greater pleasure if it was a shared experience. However, according to some studies, people actually had about as much fun doing fun activities alone as they thought they would be accompanied by friends. If enjoying the free time we have depends on finding others to join us, we’ll go from having serious FOMO(Fear of missing out) to absolutely MO as people work more hours and have less free time these days. So if I had another chance to go to Bruce’s concert, even alone, I would surely go. 4. What was the reason for the author’s missing Bruce’s concert? A. A lack of time. B. Having no companion. C. The long travel distance. D. Being unable to get a ticket. 5. What can we know about the author? A. She enjoys socializing with familiar people. B. She suffers from severe social anxiety. C. She prizes family ties over friendships. D. She gets bored with her present job. 6. What does “the spotlight effect” refer to? A. The fear of being judged by others. B. The fact that bright clothes attract more attention. C. The tendency to focus on what’s happening around us. D. The belief that we’re being noticed more than we really are. 7. What does the author aim to do in the last paragraph? A. To express her fondness for Bruce. B. To explain the busyness of our daily life. C. To encourage people to do activities alone. D. To stress the close relationship between people. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了独立自主和独自享受休闲活动的观点，作者认为独自进行有趣的活动同样有趣，而且有时候更应该享受自己的自由时间，而不是因为他人的陪伴而放弃自己的独立自主。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Bruce Springsteen played at MetLife Stadium last weekend in New Jersey, which is about an hour’s drive from my home. I’ve been a huge fan of his music for a long time, but I’ve never seen him at a concert. There were still tickets available, and yet I held back. I didn’t want to go there alone.( Bruce Springsteen上周末在新泽西州的大都会MetLife Stadium演出，那里距离我家大约一个小时的车程。我一直是他的超级歌迷，但我从来没有在音乐会上见过他。虽然还有票，但我还是忍住了不去。我不想一个人去。)”可知，作者不去听Bruce Springsteen的演唱会是因为作者不想一个人去，也就是因为没有同伴。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I enjoy spending time with small groups of friends and seeing my brother and his family, but I hesitate when leisure time involves large crowds, such as concerts or even movies.(我喜欢和一小群朋友在一起，也喜欢去看哥哥和他的家人，但当我的休闲时间涉及到人群时，比如音乐会或电影，我就会犹豫。)”可知，作者喜欢和自己熟悉的人交往。故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语下文“Students were forced to wear these bright shirts to class and were asked how many students they thought would notice them. The subjects thought, on average, about 50%of the class would notice them. In reality, fewer than 20%of the students noticed the shirts.(学生们被迫穿着这些鲜艳的衬衫去上课，并被问及他们认为有多少学生会注意到这些衬衫。研究对象认为，平均而言，班上约有50%的人会注意到他们。实际上，只有不到20%的学生注意到了这些T恤。)”可知，划线短语“the spotlight effect”指的是，有时候我们会以为别人会关注我们，但是并非如此。也就是说，认为自己受到了比实际更多的关注。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If enjoying the free time we have depends on finding others to join us, we’ll go from having serious FOMO(Fear of missing out)to absolutely MO as people work more hours and have less free time these days. So if I had another chance to go to Bruce’s concert, even alone, I would surely go.(如果享受我们拥有的空闲时间取决于寻找其他人加入我们，那么随着人们工作时间越来越长，空闲时间越来越少，我们将从严重的FOMO(害怕错过)变成绝对的MO（错过）。所以如果我有机会再去看布鲁斯的演唱会，即使只有我一个人，我也一定会去的。)”可知，作者认为如果享受我们拥有的空闲时间取决于寻找其他人加入我们，那么随着人们工作时间越来越长，空闲时间越来越少，我们将从严重的FOMO（害怕错过）变成绝对的MO（错过）。可知，作者在最后一段鼓励人们独自活动。故选C。 C The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust is looking to hire five people — a base leader, a shop manager, and three general assistants — to work at the “Penguin Post Office” in Port Lockroy, Antarctica. The five-month project is open to UK residents over the age of 18. It will begin in early October 2024 and last until March 2025. Responsibilities will include organizing the over 80,000 letters and postcards sent by the 18,000 tourists or so. Employees will also help sell postage stamps, run the small gift shop, and look after the aging building. But their most important duty will be to keep track of about 1,500 penguins. Exciting as it may sound, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust warns applicants that the jobs are not for the weak-hearted. Even during summer, temperatures on the icy continent can drop as low as -5℃. Additionally, the five people will live in a single bedroom with a tiny gas-powered kitchen. They will use a camping toilet, which must be emptied daily. There is limited phone and Internet access and no running water. Visiting ships offer workers showers every few days. But in poor weather conditions, they may have to do without a shower for extended periods. Emergency medical services could take up to a week! However, the biggest challenge will be the smell of penguin waste that will surround them for five months! Despite these difficulties, the positions, which open up every summer, receive thousands of applications each year. Camilla Nichol, the Trust’s CEO, is not surprised. She believes that for the right individuals, the jobs provide a unique opportunity to live in a landscape that makes people feel the beauty and power of nature. 8. What do we know about the “Penguin Post Office”? A. It’s open to all British. B. It will run for half a year. C. Its employees will mainly interact with tourists. D. Its positions are only available in the summer of Antarctic. 9. What will challenge applicants most? A. The low temperature. B. No water for a shower. C. The smell of penguin waste. D. Limited access to the Internet. 10. What can be inferred about the project from the passage? A. It is well received. B. It is open throughout the year. C. It needs five more general assistants. D. It offers jobs for the heat-resistant. 11. What’s mainly talked about in the passage? A. Difficulties of living in the Antarctic. B. Individuals wanted by penguins. C. Benefits of working in the Polar Area. D. Challenges penguins are facing. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“Penguin Post Office”招聘助手情况，并列举了招聘岗位及工作要求。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It will begin in early October 2024 and last until March 2025.(它将于2024年10月初开始，持续到2025年3月)”可知，职位只有在南极的夏天才有。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However, the biggest challenge will be the smell of penguin waste that will surround them for five months!(然而，最大的挑战将是企鹅粪便的气味，这将围绕他们五个月！)”可知，申请者最大的挑战是企鹅粪便的味道。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite these difficulties, the positions, which open up every summer, receive thousands of applications each year.(尽管存在这些困难，这些每年夏天开放的职位每年都会收到数千份申请)”可知，这个项目很受欢迎。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust is looking to hire five people — a base leader, a shop manager, and three general assistants — to work at the “Penguin Post Office” in Port Lockroy, Antarctica.(英国南极遗产信托基金会正在招聘5人——一名基地负责人、一名商店经理和三名一般助理——在南极洲洛克洛港的“企鹅邮局”工作)”以及文章主要列举了招聘岗位及工作要求等内容可知，这篇文章主要讨论了“Penguin Post Office”招聘助手的情况，是企鹅所需要的工作人员。故选B。 D However much we learn from things going wrong, we will never become the best decision-makers. This finding comes from a mathematical game that simulates (模拟) a large economy, and suggests we may need to rethink assumptions built into economic theories. In such theories, people are typically represented as reasonable agents who learn from past experiences to enhance their performance, eventually reaching a stable state in which they know how to maximize their earnings. To test whether economists are correct to assume that learning from the past can help people avoid chaos rather than stability, Garnier-Brun and his colleagues invented a mathematical model for a game featuring hundreds of simulated players. Each player can choose between two actions, like buying or selling a stock. They also interact with each other.and the players’ decision-making is influenced by what they have done before — meaning they are able to learn from experience. In different game scenarios (设想), the researchers expected that the game would always result in chaos, with players unable to learn how to optimize their performance. Economic theory would also suggest that, given the right set of parameters (参数), the players would settle into a stable state where they had mastered the game — but the researchers found this wasn’t really the case. The most likely outcome was a state that never settled. Team member Jean-Philippe Bouchaud says that, in the absence of one centralized,god-like player who could coordinate everyone, regular players could only learn how to reach “satisficing” states. That is a level that satisfied minimum expectations but not much more.Players gained more than they would have done by playing at random, so learning wasn’t useless, but they still gained less than they would have if past experience had allowed them to truly optimize their performance. Bouchaud says the game model is too simple to be immediately adopted for making real-world predictions, but he sees the study as a challenge to economists to drop many assumptions that currently go into theorizing processes, like merchants choosing suppliers or banks setting interest rates. 12. What effect of past experiences do economists suppose? A. Better decisions and higher income. B. A state of confusion and disorder. C. Ignorance of future opportunities. D. Decreased interactions between people. 13. Why did Garnier-Brun and his colleagues create a mathematical model? A. To simulate a large economy. B. To predict future economic trends. C To analyze interactions between players. D. To assess the assumption of economists. 14. The underlined word “satisficing” in Paragraph 5 most probably means______. A. highly satisfying B. constantly improving C. minimally acceptable D. completely unpredictable 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Reevaluating Economic Assumptions through a Game Model B. A Mathematical Game Model for Simulating Large Economies C. Challenges in Predicting Economic Stability through Games D. The Importance of Learning from Experience in Economics 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个由Garnier-Brun及其团队进行的数学模拟游戏，该游戏模拟了一个大型经济体中的决策过程。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In such theories, people are typically represented as reasonable agents who learn from past experiences to enhance their performance, eventually reaching a stable state in which they know how to maximize their earnings.(在这些理论中，人们通常被描述为理性的代理人，他们从过去的经验中学习，以提高他们的表现，最终达到一个稳定的状态，他们知道如何最大化他们的收入。)”可知，经济学家认为过去的经验会产生更好的决策和更高的收入。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“To test whether economists are correct to assume that learning from the past can help people avoid chaos rather than stability, Garnier-Brun and his colleagues invented a mathematical model for a game featuring hundreds of simulated players.(为了检验经济学家是否正确地假设，从过去学习可以帮助人们避免混乱而不是稳定，Garnier-Brun和他的同事们为一个有数百名模拟玩家的游戏发明了一个数学模型)”可知，Garnier-Brun和他的同事创建了一个数学模型是为了验证评估经济学家的假设，故选D。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词后文“That is a level that satisfied minimum expectations but not much more.(这是一个满足最低预期的水平，但仅此而已。)”可知，这是一个满足最低可接受的预期水平，从而推知，划线处“satisficing”的意思是最低可接受的限度。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“However much we learn from things going wrong, we will never become the best decision-makers. This finding comes from a mathematical game that simulates (模拟) a large economy, and suggests we may need to rethink assumptions built into economic theories.(无论我们从失败中学到多少，我们都永远不会成为最好的决策者。这一发现来自一个模拟大型经济体的数学游戏，它表明我们可能需要重新思考建立在经济理论中的假设。)”以及最后一段“Bouchaud says the game model is too simple to be immediately adopted for making real-world predictions, but he sees the study as a challenge to economists to drop many assumptions that currently go into theorizing processes, like merchants choosing suppliers or banks setting interest rates.( Bouchaud说，游戏模型过于简单，无法立即用于现实世界的预测，但他认为这项研究是对经济学家的挑战，要求他们放弃目前理论化过程中的许多假设，比如商人选择供应商或银行设定利率。)”可知，本文主要讲述在失败中学到的经验，并不能使我们成为好的决策者，在作经济决策时不能依赖过往的经验，因此需要通过重新评估经济假设。所以文章最好的标题是A“通过博弈模型重新评估经济假设”。故选A。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入至空白处的最佳选项。 Whether you’re in high school or college, presentations have become an essential part of academic life. Yet, many students find themselves nervous, unsure, or even unprepared when it comes to creating and delivering a presentation. ___16___ Before diving into your presentation, take a moment to think about your audience. Are you presenting to your classmates, teachers, or even a broader school community? ___17___ If you’re talking to classmates, you might be able to make the tone more casual. If it’s for teachers, consider focusing on depth, clarity, and structure. A key to any great presentation simplicity. ___18___ Stick to one idea per slide and make your content clear and to the point. Bear in mind that your audience is there to hear you. They are not to read paragraphs on a screen. Visuals are a powerful tool in presentations. ___19___ Meanwhile, they also help to explain complex ideas more effectively. But no matter how visually appealing your slides are, your delivery needs to be smooth. Practice your speech several times to make sure you’re comfortable with the flow and timing of your presentation. It’s also helpful to rehearse in front of a friend or family member who can give you feedback. ___20___ Summarize the main points, emphasize the key takeaways, and provide a clear call to action, especially if you need your audience to do something after the presentation like turning in feedback forms or starting a class discussion. A. They make your slides more engaging. B. A good presentation always ends with a strong conclusion. C Good eye contact helps speakers connect with the audience. D. Understanding who will be listening helps you tailor your content. E. You don’t want to put off your audience by appearing unprofessional. F. Don’t overcrowd your slides with too much text or overwhelming data. G. Fortunately with the right approaches, anyone can excel at presentations. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何更好地进行公开发言与展示提出了一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Whether you’re in high school or college, presentations have become an essential part of academic life. Yet, many students find themselves nervous, unsure, or even unprepared when it comes to creating and delivering a presentation.(无论你是在高中还是大学，演讲都已经成为学术生活中必不可少的一部分。然而，许多学生发现自己紧张、不确定，甚至在创作和发表演讲时毫无准备)”可知，上文讲到公开发言对于大学生来说非常重要，但是许多学生觉得进行展示是一件很难的事情。下文是一些具体的建议。本句是一个过渡句，引出后文的方法。故G选项“幸运的是，只要方法正确，任何人都可以在演讲中表现出色”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Before diving into your presentation, take a moment to think about your audience. Are you presenting to your classmates, teachers, or even a broader school community?(在开始演讲之前，花点时间想想你的听众。你会向你的同学，老师，甚至更广泛的学校社区展示吗？)”可知，上文提到要考虑听众因素，由此猜测的句主要说明了解听众所带来的好处。故D选项“了解谁会是你的听众可以帮助你调整你的内容”符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“A key to any great presentation simplicity.(简洁是任何优秀演讲的关键)”以及后文“Stick to one idea per slide and make your content clear and to the point. Bear in mind that your audience is there to hear you. They are not to read paragraphs on a screen.(每张幻灯片坚持一个观点，让你的内容清晰、切中要害。记住，你的听众是来听你说话的。他们不能在屏幕上阅读段落)”可知，本段首句为段落主题句，本句与下文都是是一些关于如何简洁的具体做法。故F选项“不要在幻灯片上放太多的文字或数据”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Visuals are a powerful tool in presentations.(视觉效果在演讲中是一个强大的工具)”以及后文“Meanwhile, they also help to explain complex ideas more effectively.(同时，它们也有助于更有效地解释复杂的想法)”可知，首句提到视觉资料是发言的一个有力的工具。后文用了连词meanwhile与also说明前后句之间是并列的关系，都是在说视觉资料对于发言的积极作用，故A选项“它们会让你的幻灯片更吸引人”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 空处为本段主旨句，根据后文“Summarize the main points, emphasize the key takeaways, and provide a clear call to action, especially if you need your audience to do something after the presentation like turning in feedback forms or starting a class discussion.(总结要点，强调要点，并提供一个明确的行动呼吁，特别是如果你需要你的观众在演讲后做一些事情，比如提交反馈表格或开始课堂讨论)”的summarize, emphasize等词看出内容说到如何有力地结束一个发言，故B选项“一个好的演讲总是以一个有力的结论结束”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 英语语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I’ve been working as a UN Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years. Before this, I was a pilot and I ____21____ my work. However, I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble, so I ____22____ the United Nations. The Central African Republic is a relatively small country. Since it got ____23____ from France in the 1950s, there have been many violent conflicts between the government and rebels (反叛者). In 2012, a civil war began, due to which, over one million people were forced to ____24____ their homes and there were many deaths and injuries. ____25____, the United Nations launched a peacekeeping ____26____ in the country. We peacekeepers ____27____ cities and villages to ____28____ that no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine. We are a ____29____ that can keep people in conflict apart. As a woman, I am particularly _____30_____ as I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country. When they see how others respect me, they feel that they also _____31_____ to be respected and treated _____32_____ to man. My life is not _____33_____ in any way! It’s long hours in a very tough environment. I have basic_____34_____ with just a bed in a shared room. Of course, being away from my family and friends is also very hard at times. However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the UN Peacekeepers, and that makes it all _____35_____. 21. A. hated B. changed C. guarded D. enjoyed 22. A. gave in to B. signed up with C. kept up with D. looked up to 23. A. treatment B. inspiration C. technology D. independence 24. A. flee B. return C. sweep D. tend 25. A. In return B. In surprise C. In addition D. In response 26. A. measure B. reputation C. mission D. business 27. A. monitor B. expand C. follow D. block 28. A. report B. prove C. ensure D. predict 29. A. bridge B. castle C. barrier D. shelter 30. A. protected B. valued C. trusted D. doubted 31. A. deserve B. prefer C. plan D. fail 32. A. gently B. equally C. intimately D. honestly 33. A. boring B. rewarding C. difficult D. fancy 34. A. association B. administration C. accommodation D. adaptation 35. A. available B. worthwhile C. ambitious D. educational 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己作为联合国维和人员在中非共和国工作经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此之前，我是一名飞行员，我喜欢我的工作。A. hated憎恨，厌恶；B. changed改变；C. guarded保卫；D. enjoyed享受，喜欢。根据下文的转折“However, I felt it was my duty to help innocent people”可知，作者之前是一名飞行员，虽然喜欢这份工作，但是觉得自己有责任去帮助别人，所以成为了联合国的维和人员，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我觉得这是我的责任，帮助陷入困境的无辜的人，所以我和联合国签约了。A. gave in to让步于；B. signed up with签约；C. kept up with跟上；D. looked up to敬仰，崇拜。根据句意及文章首句“I’ve been working as a UN Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years.(过去两年，我一直在中非共和国担任联合国维和人员)”可知，作者觉得有责任帮助陷入困境的人，所以和联合国签约，成为了维和人员，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从20世纪50年代从法国独立以来，政府和叛军之间发生了许多暴力冲突。A. treatment对待，治疗；B. inspiration灵感；C. technology技术；D. independence独立。根据下文“between the government and rebels”可知，中非共和国获得独立以后内乱不断，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，一场内战爆发，100多万人被迫逃离家园，造成多人伤亡。A. flee逃跑，逃离；B. return返回；C. sweep打扫；D. tend照顾，倾向。根据上文“a civil war began”可知，内战爆发，人民被迫背井离乡，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：作为回应，联合国在该国建立了一个维和使团。A. In return作为回报；B. In surprise惊讶地；C. In addition此外；D. In response作为回应。根据语境及空后“the United Nations established a peacekeeping ____6____ in the country.”可知，作为对中非共和国内战的回应，联合国建立了一个维和使团，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. measure措施；B. reputation名声；C. mission官方使团，代表团；D. business生意。结合语境可知，联合国在南非建立了一个维和使团，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们维和人员监测城市和村庄，以确保没有冲突发生，并帮助运送食品和药品。A. monitor监视；B. expand扩大；C. follow跟随；D. block阻碍。根据语境及“cities and villages”可知，维和人员监测各个城市和村庄，以防发生冲突，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. report报道；B. prove证明；C. ensure确保；D. predict预测。根据下文“no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine”可知，维和人员的任务是确保没有冲突发生，并帮助运送食品和药品，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们是把冲突中的人们隔离开来的屏障。A. bridge桥梁；B. castle城堡；C. barrier屏障；D. shelter避难所。根据下文“that can keep people in conflict apart”可知，此处指“维和人员是把冲突中的人们隔离开来的屏障”，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名女性，我尤其受到重视，因为我可以成为该国许多妇女和女孩的榜样。A. protected保护；B. valued重视，珍视；C. trusted信任；D. doubted怀疑。根据下一句中“When they see how others respect me”可知，作者身为女性受到尊重，得到重视，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她们看到别人如何尊重我时，她们觉得自己也应该得到尊重和平等对待。A. deserve应得；B. prefer更喜欢；C. plan计划；D. fail失败。根据上文“I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country(因为我可以成为该国许多妇女和女孩的榜样)”可知，当地女性看到作者备受尊重，她们觉得自己也应得到尊重，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gently温柔地；B. equally平等地；C. intimately密切地；D. honestly诚实地。根据语境及“to be respected”可知，她们认为自己也应该得到尊重和平等对待，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生活一点也不奢华！A. boring令人厌倦的；B. rewarding值得做的；C. difficult困难的；D. fancy精致的。根据下一句“It’s long hours in a very tough environment.(工作时间长，环境恶劣)”可知，作者的生活一点也不精致，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有基本的住宿，只有一张床和别人合住。A. association协会，联系；B. administration管理；C. accommodation住宿；D. adaptation适应。根据下文“with just a bed in a shared room”可知，此处是描述住宿条件，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我知道，由于联合国维和部队的存在，中非共和国更加安全，这一切都是值得的。A. available可获得的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. ambitious雄心勃勃的；D. educational有教育意义的。结合本句的转折“However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the UN Peacekeepers”可知，虽然生活条件艰苦，但是看到中非共和国更加安全，作者觉得很值得，故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Preserving more habitats for China’s giant pandas is providing a giant payoff.____36____(save) the giant panda from dying out isn’t just good for the panda, but it’s also good for economy, a new analysis by an international team of scientists shows. The results,____37____(publish) in the magazine Current Biology, stress the economic bene-fits that go hand in hand with environmental protection. Giant pandas are one of the____38____(rare) species around the world. But pandas fell on hard times in recent decades, thanks largely____39____human encroachment (侵入). In 1980 alone,many habitats____40____(destroy) artificially, and in 1990, their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometers, ____41____is a major threat to the pandas in large part because bamboo, their main food source, is so low in nutrients that they must wander a lot of land in order to find and eat enough of it. Because of this, Chinese officials began making significant efforts to save the panda from ____42____(extinct), establishing more reserves and increasing the reserve area three times. Panda numbers____43____(gradual) began to recover, hitting 1,596 in 2000 and 1,864 in 2010. “____44____is clear that society’s investment (投资)_____45_____(start) to pay off so far in terms of panda population recovery,” the study authors wrote. 【答案】36. Saving 37. published 38. rarest 39. to 40. were destroyed 41. which 42. extinction 43. gradually 44. It 45. has started 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护中国大熊猫栖息地以及它带来的好处。 【36题详解】 考查动名词。句意：一个国际科学家团队的一个新的分析显示，拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济也有好处。此处作主语，应填动名词Saving，表示“拯救”。故填Saving。 【37题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了经济效益与环境保护齐头并进的重要性。此处应填过去分词published，作定语，表示“发表”，修饰先行词results，表示两者之间的被动关系。故填published。 【38题详解】 考查形容词的最高级。句意：大熊猫是世界上最稀有的物种之一。“one of+最高级”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，所以空处应填形容词最高级rarest，表示“最稀有的”。故填rarest。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：但大熊猫在最近几十年陷入了困境，这主要是由于人类的入侵。thanks to为固定搭配，表示“幸亏，由于”。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地被人为破坏，到1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上对大熊猫构成了主要威胁，因为竹子是它们的主要食物来源，其营养成分非常低，它们必须四处游荡，才能找到并吃足够多的竹子。由“in 1980”可知，空处谓语动词应用一般过去时，根据句意可知，与主语之间为被动关系，且要与主语many habitats保持主谓一致，用复数。故填were destroyed。 【41题详解】 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地被人为破坏，到1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上对大熊猫构成了主要威胁，因为竹子是它们的主要食物来源，其营养成分非常低，它们必须四处游荡，才能找到并吃足够多的竹子。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，代替前面的句子，并在从句中充当主语，应填关系代词which。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：正因为如此，中国官员开始做出重大努力来拯救大熊猫免于灭绝，建立了更多的保护区，保护区面积增加了三倍。空处在介词from后，应填名词extinction作宾语，表示“灭绝”。故填extinction。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：大熊猫的数量逐渐恢复，2000年达到1596只，2010年达到1864只。分析句子可知，空处应用副词gradually，修饰动词began，作状语，表示“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：很明显，就熊猫数量恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始收到回报。此处为固定句型“it is clear that+...”，表示“很明显……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故填It。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：很明显，就熊猫数量恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始收到回报。根据so far可知，空处谓语动词用现在完成时态，且与主语investment保持一致，助动词用has。故填has started。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办英语演讲比赛，要求参赛选手介绍一位自己最敬佩的伟人，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： 1．你最敬佩的伟人； 2．他／她所做的贡献； 3．他／她对你的影响。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hello, everyone. I am honored to stand here to talk about the person I admire most. He is Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice. After years of devotion, Yuan revolutionized how to grow hybrid rice successfully. He engaged his life in improving China's grain production. His innovative spirit of pursuing truth and daring to be the first reflects the fine tradition of the Chinese nation. What impresses me a lot is his diligence. He worked in the field day after day, experimenting for the best rice. We must carry forward and inherit the spirit of Yuan Longping and work hard for a better future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的发言稿。要求考生写一篇发言稿参加学校举办的英语演讲比赛，介绍一位自己最敬佩的伟人。 【详解】1.词汇积累 奉献：devotion→ dedication 忙于、致力于：engage…in doing → devote…to doing 提高：improve → enhance 追求：pursue→ seek for 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：His innovative spirit of pursuing truth and daring to be the first reflects the fine tradition of the Chinese nation. 拓展句：What reflects the fine tradition of the Chinese nation is his innovative spirit of pursuing truth and daring to be the first. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am honored to stand here to talk about the person I admire most.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句） 【高分句型2】What impresses me a lot is his diligence.（运用了what引导的主语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the Easter holidays, and school was closed for two weeks. For me, the Easter holidays were so boring that it was impossible to find something fun to do. My mom had suggested that I do some studies since the promotion test was coming up. However, I didn’t follow my mother’s suggestion. Instead, I went outside to seek out my friends to play with. When I had successfully contacted some of my friends, none of them seemed to be much in a playful mood, but one friend Jimmy agreed to play with me. He suggested we go down to the river and just relax there. The river was not far from my home, and we arrived there quickly. Just relaxing on the river bank with nothing but some waste logs, it wasn’t fun for us at first. Clearly what was on our minds was to jump into the river and just take a swim in the clear cool water. So we took off our clothes down to our underwear and walked into the shallow part of the water. The water was truly cool and refreshing and we were starting to have fun then, playing and laughing, as we splashed the cool water onto each other’s faces. Then we started to chase each other around on the river bank and then we ran straight into the river. We were having so much fun that we didn’t notice danger was around the corner. Before Jimmy could know it, and before he could do anything to keep his balance, he lost his footing on a tree branch, which was in the shallow part of the water, and slipped, bringing his whole entire body into the deep water. He tried to resurface from the water but found it extremely hard to keep his head above the water. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was scared to see him struggling in the water but I knew I must rescue him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a while, Jimmy recovered from panic and thanked my mom and the neighbors. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was scared to see him struggling in the water but I knew I must rescue him. I took a deep breath to keep calm. Looking around, I found a waste log, I threw it to him immediately and asked him to hold it and not to give up. At the same time I yelled for help, hoping someone could come to our rescue. Luckily, my mom heard my cries, rushed out of the house and raced towards us. She jumped into the water and reached out her hands to pull him. Several neighbors also quickly joined the rescue. They managed to get Jimmy out of the water. Finally, Jimmy was saved, pale and shivering. After a while, Jimmy recovered from panic and thanked my mom and the neighbors. We hugged each other in tears. I thought my mom would scold me. But she just held us in her arms tightly. She warned us it was dangerous to swim in the river. Both of us felt ashamed and promised never to do that again. This was really a special Easter, one I would never forget. For Jimmy, he had a narrow escape from drowning. For me, I felt the kindness of my neighbors. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间发展为线索展开，讲述了作者与朋友吉米一起到河边玩耍，没有意识到危险的临近，导致他的朋友吉米在不知不觉中掉入深水的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“看到他在水里挣扎，我很害怕，但我知道我必须救他”可知，第一段可描写作者一边施救一边呼叫帮助，作者的妈妈以及邻居闻声赶来救出了作者的朋友吉米。 ②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，吉米从恐慌中恢复过来，感谢我妈妈和邻居们。”可知，第二段可描写作者的妈妈没有批评他，告诉他在河里游泳很危险。吉米险些溺水，而作者感受到了邻居的善良。 2.续写线索：保持镇静——扔原木施救——呼叫援助——妈妈和邻居闻声赶来——救出吉米——被妈妈安慰——明白了在河里游泳的危险——感受到了邻居的善良 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①放弃：give up/abandon ②大叫：yell/shout ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①感到羞愧：feel ashamed/feel abashed ②冷静的：calm/dispassionate 【点睛】[高分句型1]. At the same time I yelled for help, hoping someone could come to our rescue. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2]. This was really a special Easter, one I would never forget. (省略关系代词的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江油中学2023级高二下期第一次阶段性考试 英语试题 (本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答案一律写在答题卡上) 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。 2. 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 3. 考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。 4. 第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分。 5. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman cutting her own hair? A. Her favorite hairstylist isn’t available. B. She wants to learn a new skill. C. She is trying to save money. 2. What is the woman’s mother good at making? A. Spaghetti. B. Pizza. C. Apple pie. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Fellow workers. C. Doctor and patient. 4. Which optional course does the woman suggest the man take? A. Personal Finance. B. Music Education. C. Psychology. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A photo exhibit. B. Travel destinations. C. An art gallery. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the woman going first? A. To her home. B. To a library. C. To a bus stop. 7. Which word best describes the man? A. Forgetful. B. Helpful. C. Impatient. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman get in the book The Shining? A. A plane ticket. B. A five-dollar bill. C. A photo. 9. In which book did the woman find a letter? A. Metaphors We Live By. B. The Moon and Sixpence. C. Introduction to Algorithms. 10. When did the man get the book Introduction to Algorithms? A. Three days ago. B. Two years ago. C. Five years ago. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. In what way does the man try to locate Jennifer’s phone? A. By making a phone call. B. By asking his friends for help. C. By going to the lost and found. 12 Why didn’t Jennifer note down the details about the taxi? A. She was viewing some important photos. B. She was in a hurry to get to work. C. She was talking on the phone. 13 How does the man sound in the end? A. Anxious. B. Annoyed. C. Optimistic. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did Emily start showing interest in the violin? A. After she watched a live show. B. After she took a violin lesson. C. After she got her first violin. 15. How many hours a day did Emily practice the violin at first? A. About one hour. B. About four hours. C. About five hours. 16. What did Emily do at the age of 17? A. She performed at Carnegie Hall. B. She travelled with her parents. C. She entered a national contest. 17. Which is Emily’s second album? A. Symphonic Dreams. B. Harmony. C. Strings of Passion. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18 How many of the top 10 winners are from Peru? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 19. Where does Korenc Karel come from? A. Zambia. B. The United States. C. The Czech Republic. 20. What does Markus Hanisch say about Shaolin kung fu? A. It encourages people to keep a healthy lifestyle. B. It promotes cultural exchanges between countries. C. It plays an important role in his personal growth. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Best Alternatives of Top Travel Booking Sites After losing two precious years to COVID, everybody is desperate to travel and explore the world. However, planning a dream trip is not easy as it demands carefully spending your money on flights and accommodation. Let’s see what best travel booking sites in the UK has to offer and what alternatives we have: Travelhouseuk It has been dedicated to serving its important clients for more than two decades now by using the expertise of travel agents. It is an element of human interaction with your travel agent that allows you to discuss your requirements in depth for personalization and look for customer support even after the booking is made. Skyscanner It is a user-friendly interface that compares flight prices from all over the globe and brings out the best deals on flights. Not only flights but you can use this metasearch engine for hotels and car rentals too. It is a great tool for everyone, but some alternatives may help you even better in finding the cheapest trip to your destination. Cheap Flights When Skyscanner considers known carriers to maintain the quality, Cheapflights takes the lead with the cheapest flight options worldwide. The online site serves up the cheapest time to fly, reasonable hotel rates, low-cost car rentals and vacation packages. The aim is to promote and simplify your travel experience by offering it all in one place. Google Flights It is a renowned name that facilitates online sales of air ticket through third-party suppliers. The best feature of using Google Flights is based on no predetermined time limits. You can look for the cheapest flying dates within the next two months of search dates. 1. What makes Travelhouseuk special? A. Its price. B. Its convenience. C. Its booking time. D. Its personalized service. 2. Which travel agency can you choose if you want to drive? A. Travelhouseuk and Google Flights. B. Google Flights and Cheap Flights. C. Skyscanner and Cheap Flights. D. Cheap Flights and Travelhouseuk. 3. In which part of the web can you read this article? A. Travel. B. Culture. C. Lifestyle. D. Business. B Bruce Springsteen played at MetLife Stadium last weekend in New Jersey, which is about an hour’s drive from my home. I’ve been a huge fan of his music for a long time, but I’ve never seen him at a concert. There were still tickets available, and yet I held back. I didn’t want to go there alone. I’m an independent woman who has lived alone since graduating from college. I love living alone and I need lots of solo (单独的) time to recharge my batteries from a demanding job. I enjoy spending time with small groups of friends and seeing my brother and his family, but I hesitate when leisure time involves large crowds, such as concerts or even movies. I don’t have social anxiety, so I often wonder why I hesitate when it comes to going somewhere alone. A previous study stated that people hesitate about doing things by themselves because they’re afraid of how they’ll be perceived. The good news is that no one is going to notice that. The reason is “the spotlight effect” which has been tested and proven through the use of bright yellow T-shirts. Students were forced to wear these bright shirts to class and were asked how many students they thought would notice them. The subjects thought, on average, about 50% of the class would notice them. In reality, fewer than 20%of the students noticed the shirts. I believe that some activities, such as listening to one’s favorite music at a concert, would be greater pleasure if it was a shared experience. However, according to some studies, people actually had about as much fun doing fun activities alone as they thought they would be accompanied by friends. If enjoying the free time we have depends on finding others to join us we’ll go from having serious FOMO(Fear of missing out) to absolutely MO as people work more hours and have less free time these days. So if I had another chance to go to Bruce’s concert, even alone, I would surely go. 4. What was the reason for the author’s missing Bruce’s concert? A. A lack of time. B. Having no companion. C. The long travel distance. D. Being unable to get a ticket. 5. What can we know about the author? A. She enjoys socializing with familiar people. B. She suffers from severe social anxiety. C. She prizes family ties over friendships. D. She gets bored with her present job. 6. What does “the spotlight effect” refer to? A. The fear of being judged by others. B. The fact that bright clothes attract more attention. C. The tendency to focus on what’s happening around us. D. The belief that we’re being noticed more than we really are. 7. What does the author aim to do in the last paragraph? A. To express her fondness for Bruce. B. To explain the busyness of our daily life. C. To encourage people to do activities alone. D. To stress the close relationship between people. C The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust is looking to hire five people — a base leader, a shop manager, and three general assistants — to work at the “Penguin Post Office” in Port Lockroy, Antarctica. The five-month project is open to UK residents over the age of 18. It will begin in early October 2024 and last until March 2025. Responsibilities will include organizing the over 80,000 letters and postcards sent by the 18,000 tourists or so. Employees will also help sell postage stamps, run the small gift shop, and look after the aging building. But their most important duty will be to keep track of about 1,500 penguins. Exciting as it may sound, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust warns applicants that the jobs are not for the weak-hearted. Even during summer, temperatures on the icy continent can drop as low as -5℃. Additionally, the five people will live in a single bedroom with a tiny gas-powered kitchen. They will use a camping toilet, which must be emptied daily. There is limited phone and Internet access and no running water. Visiting ships offer workers showers every few days. But in poor weather conditions, they may have to do without a shower for extended periods. Emergency medical services could take up to a week! However, the biggest challenge will be the smell of penguin waste that will surround them for five months! Despite these difficulties, the positions, which open up every summer, receive thousands of applications each year. Camilla Nichol, the Trust’s CEO, is not surprised. She believes that for the right individuals, the jobs provide a unique opportunity to live in a landscape that makes people feel the beauty and power of nature. 8. What do we know about the “Penguin Post Office”? A. It’s open to all British. B. It will run for half a year. C. Its employees will mainly interact with tourists. D. Its positions are only available in the summer of Antarctic. 9. What will challenge applicants most? A. The low temperature. B. No water for a shower. C. The smell of penguin waste. D. Limited access to the Internet. 10. What can be inferred about the project from the passage? A. It is well received. B. It is open throughout the year. C. It needs five more general assistants. D. It offers jobs for the heat-resistant. 11. What’s mainly talked about in the passage? A. Difficulties of living in the Antarctic. B. Individuals wanted by penguins. C. Benefits of working in the Polar Area. D. Challenges penguins are facing. D However much we learn from things going wrong, we will never become the best decision-makers. This finding comes from a mathematical game that simulates (模拟) a large economy, and suggests we may need to rethink assumptions built into economic theories. In such theories, people are typically represented as reasonable agents who learn from past experiences to enhance their performance, eventually reaching a stable state in which they know how to maximize their earnings. To test whether economists are correct to assume that learning from the past can help people avoid chaos rather than stability, Garnier-Brun and his colleagues invented a mathematical model for a game featuring hundreds of simulated players. Each player can choose between two actions, like buying or selling a stock. They also interact with each other.and the players’ decision-making is influenced by what they have done before — meaning they are able to learn from experience. In different game scenarios (设想), the researchers expected that the game would always result in chaos, with players unable to learn how to optimize their performance. Economic theory would also suggest that, given the right set of parameters (参数), the players would settle into a stable state where they had mastered the game — but the researchers found this wasn’t really the case. The most likely outcome was a state that never settled. Team member Jean-Philippe Bouchaud says that, in the absence of one centralized,god-like player who could coordinate everyone, regular players could only learn how to reach “satisficing” states. That is a level that satisfied minimum expectations but not much more.Players gained more than they would have done by playing at random, so learning wasn’t useless, but they still gained less than they would have if past experience had allowed them to truly optimize their performance. Bouchaud says the game model is too simple to be immediately adopted for making real-world predictions, but he sees the study as a challenge to economists to drop many assumptions that currently go into theorizing processes, like merchants choosing suppliers or banks setting interest rates. 12. What effect of past experiences do economists suppose? A. Better decisions and higher income. B. A state of confusion and disorder. C. Ignorance of future opportunities. D. Decreased interactions between people. 13. Why did Garnier-Brun and his colleagues create a mathematical model? A. To simulate a large economy. B. To predict future economic trends. C To analyze interactions between players. D. To assess the assumption of economists. 14. The underlined word “satisficing” in Paragraph 5 most probably means______. A. highly satisfying B. constantly improving C. minimally acceptable D. completely unpredictable 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Reevaluating Economic Assumptions through a Game Model B. A Mathematical Game Model for Simulating Large Economies C. Challenges in Predicting Economic Stability through Games D. The Importance of Learning from Experience in Economics 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入至空白处的最佳选项。 Whether you’re in high school or college, presentations have become an essential part of academic life. Yet, many students find themselves nervous, unsure, or even unprepared when it comes to creating and delivering a presentation. ___16___ Before diving into your presentation, take a moment to think about your audience. Are you presenting to your classmates, teachers, or even a broader school community? ___17___ If you’re talking to classmates, you might be able to make the tone more casual. If it’s for teachers, consider focusing on depth, clarity, and structure. A key to any great presentation simplicity. ___18___ Stick to one idea per slide and make your content clear and to the point. Bear in mind that your audience is there to hear you. They are not to read paragraphs on a screen. Visuals are a powerful tool in presentations. ___19___ Meanwhile, they also help to explain complex ideas more effectively. But no matter how visually appealing your slides are, your delivery needs to be smooth. Practice your speech several times to make sure you’re comfortable with the flow and timing of your presentation. It’s also helpful to rehearse in front of a friend or family member who can give you feedback. ___20___ Summarize the main points, emphasize the key takeaways, and provide a clear call to action, especially if you need your audience to do something after the presentation like turning in feedback forms or starting a class discussion. A. They make your slides more engaging. B. A good presentation always ends with a strong conclusion. C. Good eye contact helps speakers connect with the audience. D. Understanding who will be listening helps you tailor your content. E. You don’t want to put off your audience by appearing unprofessional. F. Don’t overcrowd your slides with too much text or overwhelming data. G. Fortunately, with the right approaches, anyone can excel at presentations. 第三部分 英语语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I’ve been working as a UN Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years. Before this, I was a pilot and I ____21____ my work. However, I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble, so I ____22____ the United Nations. The Central African Republic is a relatively small country. Since it got ____23____ from France in the 1950s, there have been many violent conflicts between the government and rebels (反叛者). In 2012, a civil war began, due to which, over one million people were forced to ____24____ their homes and there were many deaths and injuries. ____25____, the United Nations launched a peacekeeping ____26____ in the country. We peacekeepers ____27____ cities and villages to ____28____ that no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine. We are a ____29____ that can keep people in conflict apart. As a woman, I am particularly _____30_____ as I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country. When they see how others respect me, they feel that they also _____31_____ to be respected and treated _____32_____ to man. My life is not _____33_____ in any way! It’s long hours in a very tough environment. I have basic_____34_____ with just a bed in a shared room. Of course, being away from my family and friends is also very hard at times. However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the UN Peacekeepers, and that makes it all _____35_____. 21. A. hated B. changed C. guarded D. enjoyed 22. A. gave in to B. signed up with C. kept up with D. looked up to 23. A. treatment B. inspiration C. technology D. independence 24. A. flee B. return C. sweep D. tend 25. A. In return B. In surprise C. In addition D. In response 26. A. measure B. reputation C. mission D. business 27. A. monitor B. expand C. follow D. block 28. A. report B. prove C. ensure D. predict 29. A. bridge B. castle C. barrier D. shelter 30. A. protected B. valued C. trusted D. doubted 31. A. deserve B. prefer C. plan D. fail 32. A. gently B. equally C. intimately D. honestly 33. A. boring B. rewarding C. difficult D. fancy 34. A. association B. administration C. accommodation D. adaptation 35. A. available B. worthwhile C. ambitious D. educational 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Preserving more habitats for China’s giant pandas is providing a giant payoff.____36____(save) the giant panda from dying out isn’t just good for the panda, but it’s also good for economy, a new analysis by an international team of scientists shows. The results,____37____(publish) in the magazine Current Biology, stress the economic bene-fits that go hand in hand with environmental protection. Giant pandas are one of the____38____(rare) species around the world. But pandas fell on hard times in recent decades, thanks largely____39____human encroachment (侵入). In 1980 alone,many habitats____40____(destroy) artificially, and in 1990, their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometers, ____41____is a major threat to the pandas in large part because bamboo, their main food source, is so low in nutrients that they must wander a lot of land in order to find and eat enough of it. Because of this, Chinese officials began making significant efforts to save the panda from ____42____(extinct), establishing more reserves and increasing the reserve area three times. Panda numbers____43____(gradual) began to recover, hitting 1,596 in 2000 and 1,864 in 2010. “____44____is clear that society’s investment (投资)_____45_____(start) to pay off so far in terms of panda population recovery,” the study authors wrote. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办英语演讲比赛，要求参赛选手介绍一位自己最敬佩的伟人，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： 1．你最敬佩的伟人； 2．他／她所做的贡献； 3．他／她对你的影响。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the Easter holidays, and school was closed for two weeks. For me, the Easter holidays were so boring that it was impossible to find something fun to do. My mom had suggested that I do some studies since the promotion test was coming up. However, I didn’t follow my mother’s suggestion. Instead, I went outside to seek out my friends to play with. When I had successfully contacted some of my friends, none of them seemed to be much in a playful mood, but one friend Jimmy agreed to play with me. He suggested we go down to the river and just relax there. The river was not far from my home, and we arrived there quickly. Just relaxing on the river bank with nothing but some waste logs, it wasn’t fun for us at first. Clearly what was on our minds was to jump into the river and just take a swim in the clear cool water. So we took off our clothes down to our underwear and walked into the shallow part of the water. The water was truly cool and refreshing and we were starting to have fun then, playing and laughing, as we splashed the cool water onto each other’s faces. Then we started to chase each other around on the river bank and then we ran straight into the river. We were having so much fun that we didn’t notice danger was around the corner. Before Jimmy could know it, and before he could do anything to keep his balance, he lost his footing on a tree branch, which was in the shallow part of the water, and slipped, bringing his whole entire body into the deep water. He tried to resurface from the water but found it extremely hard to keep his head above the water. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was scared to see him struggling in the water but I knew I must rescue him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After a while, Jimmy recovered from panic and thanked my mom and the neighbors. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$