中考时态过关--现在完成时知识点讲解及综合练习题-备战2025年中考

中考必考时态

现在完成时

一、构成：

现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。

第三人称单数用has，其余用have。

现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not，疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。

二、用法：

1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

    My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。

    I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。

    2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…, yet等。

    I haven’t heard from her these days.  这些日子我没有收到她的信。

We haven’t seen you recently.  最近我们没有见到你。

三、注意点：

1）since和for的区别

since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there

for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days

2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。

3）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：

表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”；表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”

They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）

They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）

4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。

 

练习题

一、填空：

1. I          already          (see) the film. I          (see) it last week.

2.          he          (finish) his work today? Not yet.

3. My father          just          (come) back from work. He is tired now.

4. Where’s Li Ming? He          (go) to the teachers’ office.

5. I          (work) here since I          (move) here in 1999.

6. So far I             (make) quite a few friends here.

7. How long          the Wangs          (stay) here? For two weeks.

8. I          just          (finish) my homework.

9. He          (go) to school on foot every day.

10.          you          (find) your science book yet?

11. If it          (be) fine tomorrow, I’ll go with you.

12. The students                 (read) English when the teacher came in.

13. Look! The monkey                 (climb) the tree.

14. My mother                 (come) to see me next Sunday.

15. I’ve lost my pen.          you          (see) it anywhere?

16. She’s          (live) here ever since she was ten.

17. Both of them                 (be) in Hongkong for ten days.

18. My father          (read) this book since yesterday.

19. Half an hour               (pass) since the train          (leave).

20. Mary         (lose) her pen.          you          (see) it here and there?

21.          you          (find) your watch yet?

22. Are you thirsty? No, I          just          (have) some orange.

23. We          already          (return) the book.

24.          they          (build) a new school in the village?

25. I               (not finish) my homework. Can you help me?

26. My father              (read) the novel twice.

27. I          (buy) a book just now.

28. I          (lose) my watch yesterday.

 

二、选择：

(    ) 1. How long have you        here?

A. come    B. got      C. arrived     D. been

(    ) 2. My grandpa died       .

A. at the age of my 2   B. for 2 years    C. when I was 2.    D. my age was 6.

(    ) 3. Jane has        to Beijing. She will come back tomorrow.

A. been    B. gone    C. went   D. never been

(    ) 4. It is ten years        I last saw her.

A. after    B. since   C. for   D. that

(    ) 5.Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? I will. I        her several times.

A. met    B. have met   C. had met    D. will meet

(    ) 6. What a nice dress! How long        you        it? Just 2 weeks.

A. will, buy    B. did, buy      C. are, having     D. have, had

(    ) 7. Do you know Linda very well? Yes, she and I        friends since we were very young.