精品解析：黑龙江省牡丹江市第二高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

牡丹江二中2024—2025学年度第二学期高二学年期中考试 英语 考生注意： 1. 本试卷分四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；主观题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 3. 本试卷命题范围：选择性必修第四册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does Liz usually get to work? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. 2. Where is the woman now? A. At home. B. At school. C. In a park. 3. What does the man mean? A. He’s sure to pass the test. B. He also thinks the test difficult. C. He hopes the woman can pass the test. 4. Why is the man wearing a strange suit? A. He wants to be special. B. It is required by the party. C. He got dressed without light. 5. How much will the man pay? A. $70. B. $80. C. $100. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Traveling on a boat. B. Looking at some pictures. C. Studying the history of a country. 7. What did the woman see in Kamakura? A. The Giant Buddha. B. Some famous temples. C. The highest building. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who did the man meet while waiting for the woman? A. Norman. B. Mr Pope. C. Mrs Pope. 9. Why can’t the man hear the woman clearly? A. There is something wrong with his ears. B. The woman speaks in a low voice. C. It is too noisy nearby. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why was the man late again? A. He got up late. B. The traffic was heavy. C. He had an accident on his way. 11. What is the schoolmaster doing now? A. Giving a class. B. Meeting a guest. C. Having a meeting. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do in the end? A. Cycle to work. B. Go to bed early. C. Buy an alarm clock. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至16题。 13. What is the woman mainly introducing? A. Her first album. B. Her life as a singer. C. Her happy family. 14. How many albums does the woman have now? A. Two. B. Three. C. Ten. 15. What do we know about the woman’s last album? A. It was called By Myself. B. It sold nearly 5 million copies. C. It was the most popular in 20 countries. 16. What are the woman’s daughters? A. Students. B. Nurses. C. Cooks. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。 17. How many bedrooms does the speaker need? A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. 18. What is very important to the speaker? A. A nice view. B. A big kitchen. C. A school nearby. 19. How does the speaker usually travel? A. She walks. B. She drives a car. C. She uses public transportation. 20. What can we learn about the speaker? A. She is married. B. She uses the Internet a lot. C. She likes to cook at home. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone is open year-round to visitors, though experiences differ depending on the season you visit. March-May: Snow can continue to fall into March and many of the roads may remain closed, with ploughing usually beginning some time in April. Hiking conditions at this time are wet. You won’t find many crowds, for good reason. June-August: The busiest time of year in the park is July and August, as families arrive in their droves and temperatures rise up into the mid-20s (℃). Backcountry trails are fully open and this is the ideal time to go hiking. September-October: By September, the weather is pretty mild (highs of 19℃ in September). Bears can be spotted by roadside as they try desperately to fatten up before winter. November-February: Temperatures can drop below zero, but this also yields some unique experiences. Elk and bison are already migrating in impressive herds and this is a great time for wolf spotting — their dark coats are much easier to see against a white backdrop of snow. Wolf-tracking trips are a must. Cost of travel Entrance fees for Yellowstone are £16 for individuals and an additional £30 for a car. Campsites vary in price, costing as little as £12.50 per night. Accommodation During the peak summer months, prices rise and rooms are booked up long in advance. In winter just a handful of the park’s lodges remain open. 1. Which factor may influence traveler’s experiences most in Yellowstone National Park? A. Its cost. B. Its accommodation. C. Different seasons. D. Its transportation. 2. Which month is most suitable for hiking in Yellowstone National Park? A. April. B. July. C. October. D. November. 3. How much should a couple driving a car pay for entrance fees? A. £46. B. £44.5. C. £32. D. £62. B One summer day as I was heading to the teaching building, I heard someone call my name. I turned around and saw Philip, a counselor (顾问) at our admissions office, standing with another young man. Philip introduced me to him, Stephen, and reminded me that Stephen would be taking one of my classes. Stephen looked at me. With a somewhat painful expression, he asked if my class was going to be hard and if he would be able to pass. I introduced all the things that he would be expected to learn. As we talked, I saw Stephen’s eyes getting big with fear. I told him to do all of his assignments, and to hand them in on time. Rather than being overwhelmed (压倒) by all of the work, I told him the most successful students made a master calendar of all the assignments so they could plan their workload. As the fall semester went on, I learned more of Stephen’s story. It had taken him longer to finish the assignments than most young people. Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. But he kept at it and didn’t take them to heart. He told me that before coming to our college, no one believed he could manage it. Stephen didn’t become an A student. Still he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day, turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into bite-sized parts. By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-esteem. On his graduation day, he walked up to me, and said, “Thank you.” 4. What can we learn about the author according to the passage? A. He wouldn’t have met Stephen without the introduction of Philip. B. He told Stephen how to deal with his studies. C. He helped Stephen get an A in his class. D. He didn’t believe that Stephen could study in college. 5. What does the passage mainly tell us about Stephen? A. He was an average student but hard-working. B. He was an excellent student, but didn’t have self-esteem. C. He was a little stupid and didn’t do well at school. D. He was far from a top student because of his failure. 6. What lesson can we learn from the passage? A. A good beginning is half done. B. One bite at a time. C. Haste makes waste. D. Look before you leap. 7. According to Stephen’s questions to the author, what do we know about Stephen? A. He wasn’t very confident about himself. B. He didn’t want to attend the author’s class. C. He had never been an A student. D. He couldn’t pass the author’s exam. C People tend to treat anger as something terrible and unacceptable. Many parents around the world teach their children to suppress (抑制) or ignore their anger. Intentionally or not, they show their children that feeling angry is wrong, and it is better to always look calm and balanced. However, that is not right. Anger plays an extremely important role in a person’s emotional health. Anger can be effectively used to establish and defend your individual principle, personal space, sense of justice, beliefs, and so on. When another person somehow annoys you, one of the first emotions you normally experience is anger, along with the urge to fix an unpleasant situation or do something else to defend yourself. Generally, anger explains your readiness to face threat and gives you strength to do so. Therefore, when used with care, it is your best weapon (武器) for emergencies. Anger can serve to cover some other emotions of yours if they are less appropriate. Sometimes, expressing fear is unacceptable, especially for men. For instance, masculinity (男子气概) and bravery are highly valued among men in some traditional cultures. So, covering fear with anger, acting aggressively remains a more appropriate choice for men. And this is an effective strategy, not just in terms of saving one’s reputation within a certain social group, but dealing with difficulties and overcoming barriers. Anger is an extremely powerful emotion and it is not recommended to suppress or ignore it if it is not dangerous. A person who has been covering and hiding his or her anger cannot get rid of it, and the anger will still build up inside, finally resulting in violence as a response to a situation that does not require it. What you can do is express it in socially acceptable ways in most circumstances. Therefore, anger itself is not a bad thing. And it is important to learn how to manage anger, express it in a nonviolent way, and redirect it in constructive directions. So, do not ignore your anger. You should face it, accept it, and learn how to deal with it. 8. What can we know from paragraph 1? A. Children often ignore their anger. B. People usually misunderstand anger. C. Anger indicates a person’s bad temper. D. Parents always treat their children seriously. 9. Why can anger be your best weapon for emergencies? A. It makes you look like a strong person. B. It gives you strength to face difficulties. C. It helps you get rid of outside interruption. D. It is useful for fixing an unpleasant situation. 10. What is the author’s advice about dealing with anger? A. Present anger in a peaceful manner. B. Cover anger if it is not appropriate. C. Face and accept the anger of others bravely. D. Do not fight against anger under any situation. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards anger? A. Indifferent. B. Critical. C. Supportive. D. Objective. D Last month, a study was published that examined climate change’s direct effects on the Earth’s seasons. Scientists found a connection between climate change and the temperature and duration of the summer season. Summers in the Northern hemisphere (北半球) could last nearly six months by the year 2100 if global warming continues, according to the study. With the seasons off-balance, there will be harmful effects on human health and agriculture. Yuping Guan, a physical oceanographer at the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his colleagues combined daily climate data from 1952 to 2011 to get a sense of the start and end of each season in the Northern hemisphere. Over the nearly 60-year period, they discovered that, on average, summers grew from 78 to 95 days, while winters shortened from 76 to 73 days. The spring and autumn seasons also shortened. Guan and his team used the findings from the data to create a model to hypothesize (假设) about how the seasons would possibly change in the future. They found that if left untouched, summers in the Northern hemisphere could last nearly six months, while winters could contract to less than two months. If the Earth’s seasons continue to shift, it will bring negative effects to human health and agriculture. Longer and hotter summers, for example, can cause mosquitoes and other disease-carrying insects to potentially expand their scope and land in places where they’re usually not found. “Because seasons influence the life cycles of plants and animals, climate change could disturb species’ ability to adapt,” said Scott Sheridan, a climate scientist “If seasons continue to change, everything isn’t going to change perfectly as they should. If we take the example of flowers coming out of the ground, those flowers could come out, but bees aren’t there to pollinate (授粉) them yet or they’re already past their peak.” With negative effects like these, human health and agriculture will face hardship while moving forward. This study further proves how cruel climate change is to humans, plants and animals, reminding us how much we are all connected with the environment we share. 12. What did scientists find according to the study? A. Some seasons will disappear in their tracks. B. Global warming will be at its worst in 2100. C. Human heath remains unharmed by climate change. D. Climate change affects the days of summers. 13. What does the underlined word “contract” in the second paragraph mean? A. Add. B. Shorten. C. Keep. D. Extend. 14. What can we infer about the effects of longer and hotter summers? A. Some species are more able to adapt to the change. B The environment will change as we wish. C. Human health and agriculture are hardly affected. D. Mosquitoes can survive in more places. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Is summer taking the place of all other seasons? B. Is climate change bringing hardship? C. Is mankind to blame for longer summers? D. Is the Earth getting warmer? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The man who could see the future The ability to predict the future is a rare talent. American author Isaac Asimov (1920—1992), one of the great science fiction writers of his age, had such a talent. ___16___ Now that we’re here, let’s see what he got right. ___17___ Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the induatrial revolution of the 19th century. Specifically, he said that “mobile computerized objects” would be an important part of everyday life. Here, he clearly predicted our world of smartphones, tables and other devices. He also had a great deal to say about space exploration. ___18___ How did Asimov develop his special sense of future developments? ___19___ He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents’ candy store. His scientific interest gained sharper focus at Columbia University in New York. Asimov went to study chemistry, but became bored with pure laboratory science. Instead, he thought hard about the social implications(作用) of science. He wanted to communicate his ideas to the public. ___20___ Asimov had his finger on the pulse(脉搏)of both scientific and social change. He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series(《银河帝国系列》). “His predictions are absolutely fascinating,” Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC News. “He was a genius.” A. As a smart boy, Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five. B. Space exploration really can make our life more convenient and comfortable. C. Back in 1983, he was asked to predict what the world would look like in 2019. D. On the role that computing would play in the future he was amazingly accurate. E. Asimov has developed a great interest in computer programming since childhood. F. As an author his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology. G. The International Space Station proves his prediction that we would not simply visit space but seek to stay there. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Francis Kere is the first African to win the Pritzker Prize, known as the Nobel Prize of architecture. However, his ____21____ to the peak of his field was far from smooth. Growing up in a village where there was no kindergarten, he was ____22____ into an extremely hot classroom with over 100 students. At the age of 7, Francis Kere had to leave his family home to attend school because his village didn’t have one of its own. This ____23____ of poor building facilities contributed to his vision of better educational lives of local children, using architecture. Thirteen years later, he boarded a plane for Germany on a scholarship to study architecture. His early reputation came in helping ____24____ a school in his village after graduating from college. He ____25____ the whole village to provide ideas and drew the ____26____ on sand for all to see. ____27____, he involved them in constructing the school, using local wood and local clay (黏土). The result of their hard work was a welcoming structure with a “floating” roof that ____28____ ventilation (通风) in a hot climate and wall openings that bring ____29____ for students to learn even without electricity. He showed the villagers that ideas to ____30____ climate or other challenges are always at hand. In this process, local people learned ____31____ skills that they could later use to find work. By cooperating with them, Kere ____32____ the idea that climate solutions started with big institutions. He ____33____ that everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues related to education and climate and ____34____ a global impact by acting locally. Adopted by architects in dozens of countries, his ____35____ is rooted in the “unique” aspects of each community now. 21. A. angle B. welfare C. journey D. border 22 A. perceived B. crowded C. estimated D. reacted 23. A. trick B. infection C. qualification D. experience 24. A. integrate B. chart C. oppose D. design 25. A. banned B. encouraged C. ordered D. warned 26. A. firm B. soil C. draft D. gesture 27. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However 28. A. blocks B. delays C. refuses D. allows 29. A. wind B. fire C. light D. air 30. A. subscribe to B. deal with C. participate in D. depend on 31. A. academic B. urgent C. severe D. practical 32. A. challenged B. declared C. attracted D. agreed 33. A. denied B. suspected C. imagined D. demonstrated 34. A. ignore B. generate C. miss D. lose 35. A. innovation B. fantasy C. patience D. expense 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Originated in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), Kunqu Opera is said to be the mother of all Chinese operas and is one of the oldest forms of opera still____36____ (exist) in China. This traditional art was named for its birthplace, Kunshan,____37____is near the city of Suzhou in today’s Jiangsu Province. The development of Kunqu Opera went through several____38____ (stage). In the early days, the songs were____39____ (main) composed of long and short lines. In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), ____40____ (reform) by Wei Liangfu, Kunqu Opera became mild, smooth and____41____ (attract). The performers attached great____42____ (important) to clear recitation, correct singing and pure tunes. Meanwhile, the composers wrote the musical scores after working out the tunes, and the songs____43____ (write) in seven-character or ten-character lines. Moreover, three types of musical instruments (stringed instruments, bamboo flutes, and drums and clappers) formed the accompaniment. Kunqu Opera is acknowledged as____44____elegant opera. Carrying forward the tradition of ancient poetry and common speech, the art is also_____45_____very high literary value. In 2001, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 1601599 announced Kunqu Opera as a masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of humanity. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知你校招聘新闻广播员（newsreader），你有意应聘，请按下面要点给学校负责人陆老师写一封申请信。内容包括： 1. 表示感兴趣； 2. 说明优势：普通话，知识面，合作精神，相关经历； 3. 希望得到回复。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ms. Lu, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Look at the little dog!” a girl shouted from across the street. “She’s got rain boots (靴子)!” I smiled and waved. I would never have put clothes on any animal I owned, but Velma wasn’t my dog. I’d just offered to walk her this morning because my friend, Arlene, fell ill. When Arlene had asked me to walk Velma, I’d been happy to volunteer. But I was less pleased when Arlene made me spend 20 minutes putting on Velma’s raincoat and four tiny rain boots. Once outside, I had expected to walk Velma around quickly. But with all the people stopping me every few minutes to talk about the little dog, it was taking me a long time. It was a moment of letting my unhappy feeling away to get her back home. I had done my good deed (行为) and could finally go off to work before I was late. As I turned to go, Arlene said at the door. “Thank you so much. I’ll see you again at noon.” “Wait, what?” I was shocked by her words. “That’s when Velma gets her next walk,” Arlene said as if I’d somehow agreed to a whole daily schedule, “I’m sorry, Arlene,” I said. “I have to be at work.” “Oh,” Arlene said, “I guess we’ll see you at six then.” “Great,” I said, making my escape. 10 minutes later I realized that I’d just agreed to walk her dog again at six! How had I let that happen? I agreed to do things I really didn’t want to do. That day was just the beginning. All the next week, Arlene “reminded” me to walk Velma at various times throughout the day. “Velma loves you,” she said one evening when I came to get the dog. “Sometimes I think she likes you better.” That sent a shake down my body. Was Arlene trying to make me Velma’s long-time dog walker? God, what have I gotten myself into? 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To refuse Arlene, I struggled for some days, and then I thought of calling my friend Callie. _ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I decided to try taking Callie’s advice, so I walked over to Arlene’s. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 牡丹江二中2024—2025学年度第二学期高二学年期中考试 英语 考生注意： 1. 本试卷分四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；主观题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 3. 本试卷命题范围：选择性必修第四册。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does Liz usually get to work? A By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. 2. Where is the woman now? A. At home. B. At school. C. In a park. 3. What does the man mean? A. He’s sure to pass the test. B. He also thinks the test difficult. C. He hopes the woman can pass the test. 4. Why is the man wearing a strange suit? A. He wants to be special. B. It is required by the party. C. He got dressed without light. 5. How much will the man pay? A. $70. B. $80. C. $100. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Traveling on a boat. B. Looking at some pictures. C. Studying the history of a country. 7. What did the woman see in Kamakura? A. The Giant Buddha. B. Some famous temples. C. The highest building. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who did the man meet while waiting for the woman? A. Norman. B. Mr Pope. C. Mrs Pope. 9. Why can’t the man hear the woman clearly? A. There is something wrong with his ears. B. The woman speaks in a low voice. C. It is too noisy nearby. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why was the man late again? A He got up late. B. The traffic was heavy. C. He had an accident on his way. 11. What is the schoolmaster doing now? A. Giving a class. B. Meeting a guest. C. Having a meeting. 12. What does the woman suggest the man do in the end? A. Cycle to work. B. Go to bed early. C. Buy an alarm clock. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至16题。 13. What is the woman mainly introducing? A. Her first album. B. Her life as a singer. C. Her happy family. 14. How many albums does the woman have now? A. Two. B. Three. C. Ten. 15. What do we know about the woman’s last album? A. It was called By Myself. B. It sold nearly 5 million copies. C. It was the most popular in 20 countries. 16. What are the woman’s daughters? A. Students. B. Nurses. C. Cooks. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。 17. How many bedrooms does the speaker need? A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. 18. What is very important to the speaker? A. A nice view. B. A big kitchen. C. A school nearby. 19. How does the speaker usually travel? A. She walks. B. She drives a car. C. She uses public transportation. 20. What can we learn about the speaker? A. She is married. B. She uses the Internet a lot. C. She likes to cook at home. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone is open year-round to visitors, though experiences differ depending on the season you visit. March-May: Snow can continue to fall into March and many of the roads may remain closed, with ploughing usually beginning some time in April. Hiking conditions at this time are wet. You won’t find many crowds, for good reason. June-August: The busiest time of year in the park is July and August, as families arrive in their droves and temperatures rise up into the mid-20s (℃). Backcountry trails are fully open and this is the ideal time to go hiking. September-October: By September, the weather is pretty mild (highs of 19℃ in September). Bears can be spotted by roadside as they try desperately to fatten up before winter. November-February: Temperatures can drop below zero, but this also yields some unique experiences. Elk and bison are already migrating in impressive herds and this is a great time for wolf spotting — their dark coats are much easier to see against a white backdrop of snow. Wolf-tracking trips are a must. Cost of travel Entrance fees for Yellowstone are £16 for individuals and an additional £30 for a car. Campsites vary in price, costing as little as £12.50 per night. Accommodation During the peak summer months, prices rise and rooms are booked up long in advance. In winter just a handful of the park’s lodges remain open. 1. Which factor may influence traveler’s experiences most in Yellowstone National Park? A. Its cost. B. Its accommodation. C. Different seasons. D. Its transportation. 2. Which month is most suitable for hiking in Yellowstone National Park? A. April. B. July. C. October. D. November. 3. How much should a couple driving a car pay for entrance fees? A. £46. B. £44.5. C. £32. D. £62. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了黄石国家公园不同季节的旅游体验、旅行费用以及住宿情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Yellowstone is open year-round to visitors, though experiences differ depending on the season you visit.(黄石公园全年对游客开放，不过根据你游览的季节不同，体验也会有所不同)”可知，在黄石国家公园，不同的季节可能会对游客的体验产生最大的影响。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据June-August部分“Backcountry trails are fully open and this is the ideal time to go hiking.(偏远地区的小径完全开放，这是徒步旅行的理想时间)”可知，六月到八月是黄石国家公园最适合徒步旅行的月份，结合选项，七月最适合。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cost of travel部分“Entrance fees for Yellowstone are £16 for individuals and an additional £30 for a car.(黄石公园的个人门票为16英镑，汽车门票另加30英镑)”可知，一对开车旅行的夫妇应该支付的门票费用为：16×2+30=62英镑。故选D。 B One summer day as I was heading to the teaching building, I heard someone call my name. I turned around and saw Philip, a counselor (顾问) at our admissions office, standing with another young man. Philip introduced me to him, Stephen, and reminded me that Stephen would be taking one of my classes. Stephen looked at me. With a somewhat painful expression, he asked if my class was going to be hard and if he would be able to pass. I introduced all the things that he would be expected to learn. As we talked, I saw Stephen’s eyes getting big with fear. I told him to do all of his assignments, and to hand them in on time. Rather than being overwhelmed (压倒) by all of the work, I told him the most successful students made a master calendar of all the assignments so they could plan their workload. As the fall semester went on, I learned more of Stephen’s story. It had taken him longer to finish the assignments than most young people. Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. But he kept at it and didn’t take them to heart. He told me that before coming to our college, no one believed he could manage it. Stephen didn’t become an A student. Still, he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day, turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into bite-sized parts. By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-esteem. On his graduation day, he walked up to me, and said, “Thank you.” 4. What can we learn about the author according to the passage? A. He wouldn’t have met Stephen without the introduction of Philip. B. He told Stephen how to deal with his studies. C. He helped Stephen get an A in his class. D. He didn’t believe that Stephen could study in college. 5. What does the passage mainly tell us about Stephen? A. He was an average student but hard-working. B. He was an excellent student, but didn’t have self-esteem. C. He was a little stupid and didn’t do well at school. D. He was far from a top student because of his failure. 6. What lesson can we learn from the passage? A. A good beginning is half done. B. One bite at a time. C. Haste makes waste. D. Look before you leap. 7. According to Stephen’s questions to the author, what do we know about Stephen? A. He wasn’t very confident about himself. B. He didn’t want to attend the author’s class. C. He had never been an A student. D. He couldn’t pass the author’s exam. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者帮助一名叫做Stephen的学生处理他的学业，Stephen也脚踏实地一步步通过一门又一门的考试，获得了自信。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I told him to do all of his assignments, and to hand them in on time. Rather than being overwhelmed (压倒) by all of the work, I told him the most successful students made a master calendar of all the assignments so they could plan their workload.(我告诉他要完成所有的作业，并按时交上来。我告诉他，最成功的学生不会被所有的作业压垮，而是把所有的作业都做了一个主日历，这样他们就可以计划自己的工作量)”可知，作者告诉Stephen如何应对他的学习。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“As the fall semester went on, I learned more of Stephen’s story. It had taken him longer to finish the assignments than most young people. Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. But he kept at it and didn’t take them to heart. He told me that before coming to our college, no one believed he could manage it.(随着秋季学期的进行，我对斯蒂芬的故事了解得越来越多。他比大多数年轻人花了更长的时间来完成作业。家庭成员，包括他的母亲，不断提醒他，他是个失败者。但他坚持着，并没有把这些话放在心上。他告诉我，在来我们学院之前，没有人相信他能做到)”以及倒数第二段“Stephen didn’t become an A student.(斯蒂芬没有成为优等生)”可知，Stephen是一个资质一般的学生，但很努力。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Still, he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day, turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into bite-sized parts. By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-esteem.(尽管如此，他还是通过了每天上课、按时交作业、把学习分成小块来完成大部分课程。通过一门又一门的考试，他开始获得了一定程度的自尊)”可知，文章主要告诉我们“要一步一步地，扎扎实实地”的道理。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-esteem.(通过一门又一门的考试，他开始获得了一定程度的自尊)”可知，Stephen向作者提出的问题表明，Stephen对自己不是很自信。故选A。 C People tend to treat anger as something terrible and unacceptable. Many parents around the world teach their children to suppress (抑制) or ignore their anger. Intentionally or not, they show their children that feeling angry is wrong, and it is better to always look calm and balanced. However, that is not right. Anger plays an extremely important role in a person’s emotional health. Anger can be effectively used to establish and defend your individual principle, personal space, sense of justice, beliefs, and so on. When another person somehow annoys you, one of the first emotions you normally experience is anger, along with the urge to fix an unpleasant situation or do something else to defend yourself. Generally, anger explains your readiness to face threat and gives you strength to do so. Therefore, when used with care, it is your best weapon (武器) for emergencies. Anger can serve to cover some other emotions of yours if they are less appropriate. Sometimes, expressing fear is unacceptable, especially for men. For instance, masculinity (男子气概) and bravery are highly valued among men in some traditional cultures. So, covering fear with anger, acting aggressively remains a more appropriate choice for men. And this is an effective strategy, not just in terms of saving one’s reputation within a certain social group, but dealing with difficulties and overcoming barriers. Anger is an extremely powerful emotion and it is not recommended to suppress or ignore it if it is not dangerous. A person who has been covering and hiding his or her anger cannot get rid of it, and the anger will still build up inside, finally resulting in violence as a response to a situation that does not require it. What you can do is express it in socially acceptable ways in most circumstances. Therefore, anger itself is not a bad thing. And it is important to learn how to manage anger, express it in a nonviolent way, and redirect it in constructive directions. So, do not ignore your anger. You should face it, accept it, and learn how to deal with it. 8. What can we know from paragraph 1? A. Children often ignore their anger. B. People usually misunderstand anger. C. Anger indicates a person’s bad temper. D. Parents always treat their children seriously. 9. Why can anger be your best weapon for emergencies? A. It makes you look like a strong person. B. It gives you strength to face difficulties. C. It helps you get rid of outside interruption. D. It is useful for fixing an unpleasant situation. 10. What is the author’s advice about dealing with anger? A. Present anger in a peaceful manner. B. Cover anger if it is not appropriate. C. Face and accept the anger of others bravely. D. Do not fight against anger under any situation. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards anger? A. Indifferent. B. Critical. C. Supportive. D. Objective. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了愤怒的作用以及处理愤怒的正确方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，特别是第一段的第一句“People tend to treat anger as something terrible and unacceptable.(人们倾向于把愤怒视为可怕和不可接受的事情)”和第一段的最后两句“However, that is not right. Anger plays an extremely important role in a person’s emotional health.(然而，这是不对的。愤怒在一个人的情绪健康中扮演着极其重要的角色)”可以推论出，人们对愤怒是有误解的。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句话“Generally, anger explains your readiness to face threat and gives you strength to do so. Therefore, when used with care, it is your best weapon (武器) for emergencies.(一般来说，愤怒解释了你准备好面对威胁，并给了你力量。因此，如果小心使用，它是你应对紧急情况的最佳武器)”可知，愤怒能成为你应对紧急情况的最佳武器，是因为它给你力量去面对困难。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句“And it is important to learn how to manage anger, express it in a nonviolent way, and redirect it in constructive directions.(学习如何管理愤怒，以非暴力的方式表达它，并将其转向建设性的方向是很重要的)”可知，作者建议以平和的方式表达愤怒。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。本文客观地介绍了愤怒的作用以及处理愤怒的正确方法。所以作者对愤怒的态度是客观的。故选D项。 D Last month, a study was published that examined climate change’s direct effects on the Earth’s seasons. Scientists found a connection between climate change and the temperature and duration of the summer season. Summers in the Northern hemisphere (北半球) could last nearly six months by the year 2100 if global warming continues, according to the study. With the seasons off-balance, there will be harmful effects on human health and agriculture. Yuping Guan, a physical oceanographer at the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his colleagues combined daily climate data from 1952 to 2011 to get a sense of the start and end of each season in the Northern hemisphere. Over the nearly 60-year period, they discovered that, on average, summers grew from 78 to 95 days, while winters shortened from 76 to 73 days. The spring and autumn seasons also shortened. Guan and his team used the findings from the data to create a model to hypothesize (假设) about how the seasons would possibly change in the future. They found that if left untouched, summers in the Northern hemisphere could last nearly six months, while winters could contract to less than two months. If the Earth’s seasons continue to shift, it will bring negative effects to human health and agriculture. Longer and hotter summers, for example, can cause mosquitoes and other disease-carrying insects to potentially expand their scope and land in places where they’re usually not found. “Because seasons influence the life cycles of plants and animals, climate change could disturb species’ ability to adapt,” said Scott Sheridan, a climate scientist “If seasons continue to change, everything isn’t going to change perfectly as they should. If we take the example of flowers coming out of the ground, those flowers could come out, but bees aren’t there to pollinate (授粉) them yet or they’re already past their peak.” With negative effects like these, human health and agriculture will face hardship while moving forward. This study further proves how cruel climate change is to humans, plants and animals, reminding us how much we are all connected with the environment we share. 12. What did scientists find according to the study? A. Some seasons will disappear in their tracks. B. Global warming will be at its worst in 2100. C. Human heath remains unharmed by climate change. D. Climate change affects the days of summers. 13. What does the underlined word “contract” in the second paragraph mean? A. Add. B. Shorten. C. Keep. D. Extend. 14. What can we infer about the effects of longer and hotter summers? A. Some species are more able to adapt to the change. B. The environment will change as we wish. C. Human health and agriculture are hardly affected. D. Mosquitoes can survive in more places. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Is summer taking the place of all other seasons? B. Is climate change bringing hardship? C. Is mankind to blame for longer summers? D. Is the Earth getting warmer? 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项最新研究发现，气候变化对地球季节的直接影响，特别是对夏季温度和持续时间的影响，这项研究进一步证明了气候变化对人类、植物和动物有多么残酷，提醒我们环境共享的重要性和联系。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists found a connection between climate change and the temperature and duration of the summer season. Summers in the Northern hemisphere (北半球) could last nearly six months by the year 2100 if global warming continues, according to the study. (科学家们发现气候变化与夏季的温度和持续时间之间存在联系。根据这项研究，如果全球变暖持续下去，到2100年，北半球的夏季可能会持续近六个月)”可知，科学家们发现，气候变化与夏季的温度和持续时间之间有关联，会让北半球的夏季时间变长，即气候变化影响了夏季的天数。故选D项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Over the nearly 60-year period, they discovered that, on average, summers grew from 78 to 95 days, while winters shortened from 76 to 73 days. (在近60年的时间里，他们发现，夏季平均从78天增加到95天，而冬季从76天缩短到73天)”可知现在夏季在变长，冬季在变短，再结合“They found that if left untouched, summers in the Northern hemisphere could last nearly six months, while winters could contract to less than two months. (他们发现，如果不受影响，北半球的夏天可能会持续近六个月，而冬天可能会contract到不到两个月)”可知，while表示前后两者的对比，再结合画线词前的“nearly six months”和画线词后的“less than two months”可知，此处是指冬季缩短，故划线词与B选项“shorten (缩短)”为同义词。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Longer and hotter summers, for example, can cause mosquitoes and other disease-carrying insects to potentially expand their scope and land in places where they’re usually not found. (例如，更长、更热的夏天可能会导致蚊子和其他携带疾病的昆虫扩大其范围，并降落在通常找不到它们的地方)”可知，随着夏季时间的延长，蚊子可能会扩大它们的活动范围，在更多的地方存活下来。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究发现气候变化会影响夏季的温度和持续时间，夏季会越来越长，其也会给人类的各个方面带来不同的影响，A选项“Is summer taking over from all other seasons?(夏天正在取代其他季节吗?)”用问句的方式引发读者思考，并紧扣文章主题，为最佳标题。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The man who could see the future The ability to predict the future is a rare talent. American author Isaac Asimov (1920—1992), one of the great science fiction writers of his age, had such a talent. ___16___ Now that we’re here, let’s see what he got right. ___17___ Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the induatrial revolution of the 19th century. Specifically, he said that “mobile computerized objects” would be an important part of everyday life. Here, he clearly predicted our world of smartphones, tables and other devices. He also had a great deal to say about space exploration. ___18___ How did Asimov develop his special sense of future developments? ___19___ He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents’ candy store. His scientific interest gained sharper focus at Columbia University in New York. Asimov went to study chemistry, but became bored with pure laboratory science. Instead, he thought hard about the social implications(作用) of science. He wanted to communicate his ideas to the public. ___20___ Asimov had his finger on the pulse(脉搏)of both scientific and social change. He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series(《银河帝国系列》). “His predictions are absolutely fascinating,” Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC News. “He was a genius.” A. As a smart boy Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five. B. Space exploration really can make our life more convenient and comfortable. C. Back in 1983, he was asked to predict what the world would look like in 2019. D. On the role that computing would play in the future, he was amazingly accurate. E. Asimov has developed a great interest in computer programming since childhood. F. As an author, his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology. G. The International Space Station proves his prediction that we would not simply visit space but seek to stay there. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了科幻大师阿西莫夫和他的预言的准确性以及他是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识的。 【16题详解】 由American author Isaac Asimov (1920—1992), one of the great science fiction writers of his age, had such a talent. ___1___ Now that we’re here, let’s see what he got right.”可知，美国作家艾萨克·阿西莫夫（1920-1992）是他那个时代最伟大的科幻作家之一，他有这样一种天赋。以及后文“让我们看看他预测对了什么。”可推知，空格处在本段中起到承上启下的作用。故C选项“早在1983年，他就被要求预测2019年的世界会是什么样子”承上启下。故C选项切题。 【17题详解】 由“Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century”可知，阿西莫夫认为计算机将引发一场与19世纪工业革命相当的革命，根据第一段可知，下面是讲阿西莫夫预测的结果，故D选项“关于计算机在未来将所扮演的角色。他惊人准确地预测了”是说明他预测的计算机的结果，与本段内容符合，故D选项切题。 【18题详解】 由“He also had a great deal to say about space exploration”可知，关于太空探索，他也预测了。所以空格处要接着说他预言的结果。故G选项“国际空间站证明了他的预言，我们不仅要拜访太空，还要设法留在那里”与太空探索相关，且是预测结果。故G选项切题。 【19题详解】 由“He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents’candy store”可知，他读了父母糖果店出售的报纸和杂志。所以空格处要与下一句一起来说明阿西莫夫是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识的。故A选项“作为一个聪明的孩子，阿西莫夫在五岁时就开始自学”承上启下。故A选项切题。 【20题详解】 由“Asimov had his finger on the pulse(脉搏) of both scientific and social change. He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series(《银河帝国系列》). “His predictions are absolutely fascinating,” Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC News. “He was a genius. ”可知，阿西莫夫将手指放在科学和社会变革的脉搏上。他在《银河帝国》系列等作品中清楚地看到了人类即将面临的困境。英国作家卡鲁姆·蔡斯（对英国广播公司说：“他是个天才。”所以本段主要在说作为一名作家，他的书以科技引起的社会变革为主题，故F选项“作为一名作家，他的书以科技引起的社会变革为主题”是本段主题句。故F选项切题。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Francis Kere is the first African to win the Pritzker Prize, known as the Nobel Prize of architecture. However, his ____21____ to the peak of his field was far from smooth. Growing up in a village where there was no kindergarten, he was ____22____ into an extremely hot classroom with over 100 students. At the age of 7, Francis Kere had to leave his family home to attend school because his village didn’t have one of its own. This ____23____ of poor building facilities contributed to his vision of better educational lives of local children, using architecture. Thirteen years later, he boarded a plane for Germany on a scholarship to study architecture. His early reputation came in helping ____24____ a school in his village after graduating from college. He ____25____ the whole village to provide ideas and drew the ____26____ on sand for all to see. ____27____, he involved them in constructing the school, using local wood and local clay (黏土). The result of their hard work was a welcoming structure with a “floating” roof that ____28____ ventilation (通风) in a hot climate and wall openings that bring ____29____ for students to learn even without electricity. He showed the villagers that ideas to ____30____ climate or other challenges are always at hand. In this process, local people learned ____31____ skills that they could later use to find work. By cooperating with them, Kere ____32____ the idea that climate solutions started with big institutions. He ____33____ that everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues related to education and climate and ____34____ a global impact by acting locally. Adopted by architects in dozens of countries, his ____35____ is rooted in the “unique” aspects of each community now. 21. A. angle B. welfare C. journey D. border 22. A. perceived B. crowded C. estimated D. reacted 23. A. trick B. infection C. qualification D. experience 24. A. integrate B. chart C. oppose D. design 25. A. banned B. encouraged C. ordered D. warned 26. A. firm B. soil C. draft D. gesture 27. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However 28. A. blocks B. delays C. refuses D. allows 29. A. wind B. fire C. light D. air 30. A. subscribe to B. deal with C. participate in D. depend on 31. A. academic B. urgent C. severe D. practical 32. A. challenged B. declared C. attracted D. agreed 33. A. denied B. suspected C. imagined D. demonstrated 34. A. ignore B. generate C. miss D. lose 35. A. innovation B. fantasy C. patience D. expense 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了非洲著名建筑师Francis Kere通过和当地人合作，设计出了实用的学校。并且，他向村民们表明，应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法总是近在咫尺，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他在这一领域巅峰之旅远非一帆风顺。A. angle角；B. welfare福利；C. journey旅程；D. border边界。根据后文“to the peak of his field”此处指他在自己所在领域带到巅峰的旅程，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在一个没有幼儿园的村庄长大，被挤进一个有100多名学生的非常热的教室。A. perceived感知；B. crowded挤进；C. estimated估计；D. reacted反应。根据后文“into an extremely hot classroom with over 100 students”可知，教室人很多，他是被挤进去的。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种糟糕的建筑设施的经历促成了他对当地儿童更好的教育生活的愿景，利用建筑。A. trick诡计；B. infection感染；C. qualification资格；D. experience经历。此处指上文他被挤进一个有100多名学生的非常热的教室的经历，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他大学毕业后帮助在村里设计了一所学校，由此获得了早期的名声。A. integrate合并；B. chart记录；C. oppose反对；D. design设计。根据上文“Thirteen years later, he boarded a plane for Germany on a scholarship to study architecture.( 13年后，他拿着奖学金登上了飞往德国学习建筑的飞机)”可知，他学习的是建筑，所以是设计学校。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励全村的人出谋划策，并把草图画在沙子上让大家看。A. banned禁止；B. encouraged鼓励；C. ordered命令；D. warned警告。根据后文“the whole village to provide ideas”指他鼓励全村人出谋划策，设计学校。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励全村的人出谋划策，并把草图画在沙子上让大家看。A. firm公司；B. soil土壤；C. draft草稿；D. gesture姿势。根据后文“on sand for all to see”可知，画在沙子上的是最初的设计草稿。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他让他们参与建造学校，使用当地的木材和粘土。A. Moreover此外；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。后文参与建造学校，使用当地的木材和粘土，是对上文的补充说明应用moreover。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们努力工作的结果是一个受欢迎的结构，“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，墙壁开口为学生提供光照，即使没有电也可以学习。A. blocks阻塞；B. delays推迟；C. refuses拒绝；D. allows允许。根据后文“ventilation in a hot climate”可知，他设计的“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们努力工作的结果是一个受欢迎的结构，“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，墙壁开口为学生提供光照，即使没有电也可以学习。A. wind风；B. fire火；C. light光线；D. air空气。根据上文“wall openings that bring”以及后文“even without electricity”可知，墙壁上开口是为了提供光线照明，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他向村民们表明，应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法总是近在咫尺。A. subscribe to订阅；B. deal with处理；C. participate in参加；D. depend on依靠。根据后文“climate or other challenges”以及上文他的设计很方便实用，可知此处指应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，当地人学到了一些实用的技能，这些技能以后可以用来找工作。A. academic学术的；B. urgent紧急的；C. severe严重的；D. practical实际的，实用的。根据后文“skills that they could later use to find work”可知，这些技能可以用来找工作，说明很实用。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过与他们合作，Kere挑战了气候解决方案始于大型机构的想法。A. challenged挑战；B. declared宣布；C. attracted吸引；D. agreed同意。根据后文“everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues”可知，他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，这挑战了气候解决方案始于大型机构的想法。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。A. denied否认；B. suspected怀疑；C. imagined想象；D. demonstrated证明。根据后文“everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues”结合上文他的设计可知，建筑师通过实践表明了每个人都可以对重大问题做出贡献，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。A. ignore忽视；B. generate产生；C. miss错过；D. lose失去。根据后文“a global impact”指地方行动可以产生全球影响。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的创新植根于每个社区的“独特”方面，被几十个国家的建筑师采用。A. innovation创新；B. fantasy幻想；C. patience耐心；D. expense花费。根据后文“is rooted in the “unique” aspects of each community now”可知，他根据社区的独特性进行了创新，故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Originated in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), Kunqu Opera is said to be the mother of all Chinese operas and is one of the oldest forms of opera still____36____ (exist) in China. This traditional art was named for its birthplace, Kunshan,____37____is near the city of Suzhou in today’s Jiangsu Province. The development of Kunqu Opera went through several____38____ (stage). In the early days, the songs were____39____ (main) composed of long and short lines. In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), ____40____ (reform) by Wei Liangfu, Kunqu Opera became mild, smooth and____41____ (attract). The performers attached great____42____ (important) to clear recitation, correct singing and pure tunes. Meanwhile, the composers wrote the musical scores after working out the tunes, and the songs____43____ (write) in seven-character or ten-character lines. Moreover, three types of musical instruments (stringed instruments, bamboo flutes, and drums and clappers) formed the accompaniment. Kunqu Opera is acknowledged as____44____elegant opera. Carrying forward the tradition of ancient poetry and common speech, the art is also_____45_____very high literary value. In 2001, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 1601599 announced Kunqu Opera as a masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of humanity. 【答案】36. existing 37. which 38. stages 39. mainly 40. reformed 41. attractive 42. importance 43. were written 44. an 45. of 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昆曲的起源和发展过程。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：昆曲起源于元代(1271-1368)，被誉为中国戏曲之母，是中国现存最古老的戏曲形式之一。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰opera，二者是逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填existing。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Kunshan，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：昆曲的发展经历了几个阶段。stage意为“阶段”，是可数名词，several后面需加可数名词复数形式。故填stages。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：在早期，歌曲主要由长和短的台词组成。修饰动词短语were composed of，需用副词作状语。故填mainly。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到了明代(1368-1644年)，在魏良福的改革下，昆曲变得柔和、流畅、吸引人。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词became，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Kunqu Opera和reform为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填reformed。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。became为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语。故填attractive。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：表演者十分重视清晰的朗诵、正确的演唱和纯正的曲调。attach great importance to为固定短语，意为“非常重视”。故填importance。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：与此同时，作曲家在确定曲调后写乐谱，歌曲分为7字或10字两种。根据wrote可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语the songs和write为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were written。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：昆曲被认为是一种优雅的戏剧。opera为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且elegant发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 45题详解】 考查介词。句意：它弘扬了古代诗歌和通俗语言的传统，也具有很高的文学价值。Be of value为固定用法，意为“有价值”。故填of。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知你校招聘新闻广播员（newsreader），你有意应聘，请按下面要点给学校负责人陆老师写一封申请信。内容包括： 1. 表示感兴趣； 2. 说明优势：普通话，知识面，合作精神，相关经历； 3. 希望得到回复。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ms. Lu, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Ms. Lu, I’m Li Hua, a student from No.1 Middle school. I am writing to apply for a position as a student newsreader. Eager to improve my organizing ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking standard Chinese in public, I want to take advantage of this precious opportunity. As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good command of Mandarin that I have been elected as assistant to my Chinese teacher. Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several Chinese activities, which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates. I feel sure that I can live up to your expectations. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生按所给要点给学校负责人陆老师写一封申请信，申请学校新闻广播员。 【详解】 词汇积累 提高：improve→increase 机会：opportunity→chance 另外：besides→in addition 选择：elect→choose 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Eager to improve my organizing ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking standard Chinese in public, I want to take advantage of this precious opportunity. 拓展句：Because I am eager to improve my organizing ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking standard Chinese in public, I want to take advantage of this precious opportunity. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Besides, I have such a good command of Mandarin that I have been elected as assistant to my Chinese teacher.(that引导的结果状语从句) [高分句型2]Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several Chinese activities, which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Look at the little dog!” a girl shouted from across the street. “She’s got rain boots (靴子)!” I smiled and waved. I would never have put clothes on any animal I owned, but Velma wasn’t my dog. I’d just offered to walk her this morning because my friend, Arlene, fell ill. When Arlene had asked me to walk Velma, I’d been happy to volunteer. But I was less pleased when Arlene made me spend 20 minutes putting on Velma’s raincoat and four tiny rain boots. Once outside, I had expected to walk Velma around quickly. But with all the people stopping me every few minutes to talk about the little dog, it was taking me a long time. It was a moment of letting my unhappy feeling away to get her back home. I had done my good deed (行为) and could finally go off to work before I was late. As I turned to go, Arlene said at the door. “Thank you so much. I’ll see you again at noon.” “Wait, what?” I was shocked by her words. “That’s when Velma gets her next walk,” Arlene said as if I’d somehow agreed to a whole daily schedule, “I’m sorry, Arlene,” I said. “I have to be at work.” “Oh,” Arlene said, “I guess we’ll see you at six then.” “Great,” I said, making my escape. 10 minutes later I realized that I’d just agreed to walk her dog again at six! How had I let that happen? I agreed to do things I really didn’t want to do. That day was just the beginning. All the next week, Arlene “reminded” me to walk Velma at various times throughout the day. “Velma loves you,” she said one evening when I came to get the dog. “Sometimes I think she likes you better.” That sent a shake down my body. Was Arlene trying to make me Velma’s long-time dog walker? God, what have I gotten myself into? 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To refuse Arlene, I struggled for some days, and then I thought of calling my friend Callie. _ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I decided to try taking Callie’s advice, so I walked over to Arlene’s. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 To refuse Arlene, I struggled for some days, and then I thought of calling my friend Callie. “She talks as if I should feel lucky to get to walk her dog! I gave Arlene a list of local dog walkers, but she hasn’t called any of them.” I complained. “You just have to tell her ‘No’, Linda,” Callie said. “With the ‘No’ word, I could imagine Arlene’s face falling. After all, we are friends and she is dealing with a medical treatment,” I said hopelessly. Callie explained, “Saying ‘No’ to her is one of the best ways to make you happy. She will respect you more if the ’No’ word appears appropriately!” I decided to try taking Callie’s advice, so I walked over to Arlene’s. “Although I love Velma, I no longer want to walk her,” I said, and then stopped, waited. There was a long pause. “I really appreciate all you did for her,” Arlene said, thoughtfully. “I still have that list of dog walkers you gave me.” To my surprise, Arlene was taking it so well! We were just as friendly as ever. When to say “No”? God was using a dog to teach me that lesson. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者接连几天帮阿琳遛狗，似乎会变成一个长期遛狗人，作者因此心生烦恼，向朋友凯莉求助，凯莉教她向阿琳说“不”，当作者真得提出拒绝时，阿琳居然接受了；从这件事上，作者学会了拒绝。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“为了拒绝阿琳，我挣扎了好几天，然后我想给我的朋友凯莉打电话。”可知，第一段可描写作者和朋友凯莉之间关于如何向阿琳提出拒绝为她遛狗的谈话过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“我决定尝试接受凯莉的建议，所以我走到了阿琳家。”可知，第二段可描写作者向提出了不想遛狗的决定被阿琳接受，且能一如既往友好相处。 2.续写线索：电话求助——朋友支招——接受建议——提出决议——对方同意——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.抱怨：complain/grumble ②.想象：imagine/picture ③.说：say/utter 情绪类 ①.幸运的：lucky/fortunate ②.令我惊讶的是：to my surprise/surprisingly 【点睛】[高分句型1]. She will respect you more if the ’No’ word appears appropriately! （由连接词if引导的条件状语从句） [高分句型2]. “I really appreciate all you did for her,” Arlene said, thoughtfully.（省略关系代词的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$