精品解析：福建省莆田市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

莆田一中 2024~2025 学年度下学期第一学段考试试卷 高二英语 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the speakers have their dinner? A. By cooking at home. B. By going to a restaurant. C. By getting food delivered. 2. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Offer her opinions. B. Help him with a project. C. Learn more about technology. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a restaurant. C. On a tennis court. 4. What does the woman prefer as a birthday gift? A. A homemade cake. B. A beautiful dress. C. Planting some trees. 5. Which piece of work is the woman's favorite? A. The shoes. B. The jacket. C. The skirt. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman reporting? A. A speeding car. B. A bag theft. C. Her missing son. 7. How does the woman describe the person? A. He is tall and thin. B. He has black hair. C. He has an accent. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Manager and employee. C. Salesperson and customer. 9. What does the man think of Jack? A Jack is patient with him. B Jack always feels worried. C. Jack gives him a lot of pressure. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man say about his part in the play? A. His father is a poet. B. He dreams of joining the army. C. His dream is not supported by his father. 11. When does the conversation take place? A. In January. B. In July. C. In December. 12. What will the speakers do tonight? A. Fly to another city. B. Practice for the play. C. Pick up the man's father. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the man painting? A. A real landscape. B. Imaginary scenery. C. A specific person. 14. What does the man tell the woman to do first? A. Place the painting tools correctly. B. Mix the ink with water. C. Make herself relaxed. 15. What is the brush that the woman is using made of? A. Rabbit hair. B. Sheep hair. C. Horse hair. 16. Why does the woman get excited in the end? A. She can help the man finish his painting. B She can take the man's painting home. C. She can learn some painting skills. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How many goals had Harry Kane scored for his country by August 2023? A. 84. B. 58. C. 22. 18. Why is Harry Kane outstanding according to the speaker? A. He has different skills. B. He is open to others' opinions. C. He always shares his own experience. 19. What was Harry Kane like when he was a kid? A. He was eager to become a football player. B. He was not confident about his abilities. C. He was badly hurt in his boyhood club. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Harry Kane's career as a footballer. B. Harry Kane's childhood experience. C. Harry Kane's performance in the World Cup. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A For the 150th anniversary of the first Impressionist exhibition, the Musée d’Orsay, which houses the world’s largest collection of this current, is offering a major retrospective (回顾展) of this artistic trend with Paris 1874: Inventing Impressionism from March 26 to July 14. 150 years ago, on April 15, 1874, in a luxurious photographer Nadar’s studio in northern Paris, Berthe Morisot, Edouard Degas and Claude Monet came together as a cooperative limited company to open the first Impressionist exhibition, a movement that would forever change the course of art history. The retrospective will take visitors on a virtual tour to the very moment 150 years ago. During the 40-minute immersive (沉浸的) tour, visitors will spend a virtual evening with the famous impressionists and travel by steam train to Bougival, west of Paris, where many of them worked. Visitors will then tour the main exhibition, which opens into a gallery with Renoir’s La Parisienne and La Danseuse that featured in the 1874 exhibition, and other impressionist paintings, drawings and sculptures. “The immersive experience is unique and innovative. You can go into this exhibition and relive the evening with the artists and discover the origin of this movement. We want to recreate the emotion for visitors of the 1874 exhibition.” said Abastado, director of digital development at the Musée d’Orsay. Guidelines: * The experience is suitable for children of 11 y/o and above; children under 8 y/o are prohibited. * We remind you that, in view of the technology used, virtual reality experiences are not recommended for people with balance or vision disorders. * Walkers and motorized wheelchairs are not permitted in the space, but manual wheelchairs are accepted. 1. What’s the retrospective mainly aimed at? A. Protecting cultural diversity. B. Fueling people’s love for art. C. Showing honor to late artists. D. Marking the birth of a movement. 2. What can be experienced during the virtual tour? A. Painting a picture on the spot. B. Driving a steam train in person. C. Meeting famous impressionists. D. Staying overnight in the gallery. 3. Who is the most suitable to visit the exhibition? A. An eight-year-old boy. B. An adult with a walker. C. A visually-challenged girl. D. A teenager in a manual wheelchair. B Years ago when I was starting to explore the world in earnest — making my first trips to Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that looking at the world through a camera held back my ability to see what was really in front of me and to notice what mattered. I thought that trying to capture (捕获) good pictures took me out of the moment and made me conscious of constructing an image rather than absorbing what I was experiencing. I’ve since changed my mind about that. Today I take plenty of photos, not just on my travels but in the everyday life — when I notice an interesting mushroom while walking the dog, or watch the cloud formations before a storm. I understand now that taking pictures can be a way to stop and make better sense of the world around us. That’s one important outcome of the work that our phenomenal photographers do for National Geographic And it’s why I’m so pleased that we have devoted this month’s magazine to immersing you in that work. Of course, these professionals have a much different relationship with photography than I do. Their work is creatively, intellectually, and logistically challenging in ways that most of us hobbyist photographers can hardly imagine. For them, it is an art and a science that they’ve perfected — a way to stop us in our tracks and make us pay attention to a story that needs to be told. At their best, photographers reveal what isn’t readily seen. In addition to impressive photos, we’re letting you hear directly from a handful of our photographers, who share stories that take you deeper into some of their most interesting projects. You’ll learn the extreme lengths to which our contributors have gone to capture some of these shots, and get a closer look at the equipment that makes it all possible. I hope you enjoy the issue. 4. What was the author’s initial belief about taking photographs? A. It kept him from fully enjoying the present. B. It greatly enhanced his travel experiences. C. It helped record unforgettable memories. D. It indicated his reliance on the camera. 5. What is a key ability of professional photographers according to the author? A. Simplifying complex processes. B. Imagining touching stories. C. Documenting events accurately. D. Presenting unnoticed scenes. 6. What does the magazine offer besides photos? A. A contribution for photographers. B. A behind-the-scenes look. C. Photographer training projects. D. Publishers’ firsthand stories. 7. In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A. Earth’s Artworks. B. Around the World. C. Reader’s Letter. D. From the Editor. C Some people today might be early risers because of DNA they take after Neanderthals tens of thousands of years ago, suggests new research. When early humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia roughly 70,000 years ago, some of them mated with Neanderthals, who had already adapted to the colder, darker climates of the north. The ripple (涟漪) effects of that intermating still exist today: Modern humans of non-African ancestry (血统) have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA. Some of that DNA relates to sleep more specifically, the internal body clock known as the circadian rhythm. For the new study, researchers compared DNA from today’s humans and DNA from Neanderthal fossils (化石). In both groups, they found some of the same genetic variants involved with the circadian rhythm. And they found that modern humans who carry these variants also reported being early risers. For Neanderthals being “morning people” might not have been the real benefit of carrying these genes. Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals’ DNA gave them faster, more flexible internal body clocks, which allowed them to adjust more easily to annual changes in daylight. This connection makes sense in the context of human history. When early humans moved north out of Africa, they would have experienced variable daylight hours — shorter days in the winter and longer days in the summer for the first time. The Neanderthals’ circadian rhythm genes likely helped early humans’ offspring (后代) adapt to this new environment. Notably, the findings do not prove that Neanderthal genes are responsible for the sleep habits of all early risers. Lots of different factors beyond genetics can contribute, including social and environmental influences. The study also only included DNA from a database called the U.K. Biobank—so the findings may not necessarily apply to all modern humans. Next, the research team hopes to study other genetic databases to see if the same link holds true for people of other ancestries. If the findings do apply more broadly, they may one day be useful for improving sleep in the modern world, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glowing smartphones. 8. What does the new research focus on? A. DNA’s dramatic changes. B. Genes’ influence on early risers. C. Neanderthals’ sleeping patterns. D. Ancestors’ environmental adaptability. 9. What is paragraph 2 intended to show concerning the new research? A. Historical context. B. Additional proof. C. Sample analysis. D. Studying process. 10. What is the real benefit of carrying Neanderthal’s DNA for modern humans? A. Getting up earlier. B. Having healthier daily routines. C. Being more flexible in their work. D. Possessing a better circadian rhythm. 11. What can be inferred about the findings from the last paragraph? A. They get proof from other studies. B. They are confirmed by early risers. C. They suggest potential applications. D. They reveal factors in sleeping disorders. D We learn about the world through the knowledge accumulated over thousands of years. standing on the shoulders of great men, we don’t have to experience endless trial and error, just as the wheels do not have to be reinvented each time to run a car. But where does our ability to learn from others come from? A study led by Markus Paulus, professor at Loyola Marymount University, shows that the ability has its roots in earliest childhood. “It’s generally assumed that children’s ability to imitate (模仿) is inborn, but according to our observation, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interaction enables a cultural transfer of knowledge, which, through generations’ efforts, consequently leads to the development of human beings,” says Markus Paulus. In this research, Paulus recorded the interaction between mother and child over several months. The babies came into the lab for the first time at the age of6 months , while their final visit was when they were18 months old. As they engaged in various play situations , the interactions and imitations of mother and child were analyzed. The long-term study showed that the more sensitive a mother was in her interactions with her six- month-old child and the more often she imitated the baby, the greater the child’s overall ability was at the age of18 months. Paulus’ research shows that mutual imitation is the keystone of knowledge transfer , through which children successfully learn various skills, such as how to use objects , waving and acquisition of language. “This interaction is the nucleus of learning and, finally, gives rise to evolutionary success of human,” says Paulus. “Cultural learning is an essential part of human evolution, and it is rooted in the imitation of others, particularly our caregivers during our earliest childhood,” says Paulus. “Through this, we learn from each other and pass on knowledge to the next generation, so certain actions or techniques do not have to be constantly invented again. ” 12. Why does the author mention the example of wheels? A. To praise the invention of car wheels. B. To describe the process of trial and error. C. To emphasize the necessity of new tools. D. To show the importance of prior knowledge. 13. What can we learn about Paulus’ research? A. Children’s imitation was recorded by mothers. B. Sensitive mothers encouraged children’s imitation. C. Children’s ability was analyzed through interaction. D. Effective interaction promoted children’s development. 14. What does the underlined word “nucleus” mean in paragraph 4? A. Core. B. Result. C. Aim. D. Content. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Why does Evolution Matter? B. How to Interact with Children? C. Imitation: The Engine of Evolution D. Cultural Learning: The Root of Imitation 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s a familiar picture for many of us: After a long day at work, we find ourselves glued to the sofa, phone in hand, maybe even for hours at a time. What starts as a way to mentally unwind or catch up on the news quickly becomes hours spent “doomscrolling” — the act of spending an excessive amount of time on social media scrolling (滚屏) through overwhelmingly negative content. ___16___ While it might feel like doomscrolling helps us stay informed, research finds this habit can result in lower mental well-being and poorer life satisfaction. ___17___ One way people have successfully replaced time on their phones is with a hobby that encourages mindfulness, meaning focusing our attention on the present moment and experiencing our thoughts and feelings without judgment. Here are some ways mindful hobbies can help us break our doomscrolling habit. They hold positive attention. When we’re focused on a craft, our hands are busy. ___18___ Creative hobbies that require attention, such as coloring, can also act as a “flow activity”, where we feel fully engaged in what we’ re doing, thus losing hours doomscrolling. ___19___ Doomscrolling can leave people feeling a loss of control, but mindful hobbies provide a sense of control along with amazing results, like a colorful drawing. Accomplishing something is considered one of the core ingredients of psychological well-being. They offer a sense of belonging. By engaging in a new hobby, we also join a community of people with similar interests. ___20___ And this sense of belonging is linked to better well-being. A. A fear of missing out is what drives many to continue their repetitive scroll. B. The good news is that there are many ways to break this bad habit. C. Consequently, we’ll be too engaged to reach for our phones. D. This opens us up to more positive social interactions. E. We engage in an activity with our full attention. F. They provide a sense of achievement. G. They can calm people down. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community. When she was just 14, she volunteered at a local ____21____ to help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food. She felt something was missing: fresh vegetables. “I thought it would be great to ____22____ that,” Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and ____23____ homegrown produce. This ____24____ teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm. Initially, while proud of her daughter’s ____25____, Lauren’s mother, Katie, admitted to some ____26____, wondering how much work this would mean. Coming from a farming family, Lauren had some ____27____ with agriculture, but she had never tried growing ____28____ at scale (规模). She ____29____ plants online, checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop. She then secured a _____30_____ from the National FFA Organization, which supports _____31_____ education, to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies. And importantly, Lauren didn’t _____32_____ from hard work. During Iowa’s hot and dry summers, she had to _____33_____ her crops for around three hour daily. She also _____34_____ cheeked for harmful insects, and bent down to pick her green bean crop, the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion. With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years. She has also won the _____35_____ of her community. 21. A. factory B. school C. shelter D. shop 22. A. examine B. tolerate C. discover D. change 23. A. donate B. promote C. purchase D. process 24. A. honey-mouthed B. kind-hearted C. good-mannered D. open-minded 25. A. reputation B. hobby C. vision D. agenda 26. A. mistakes B. truths C. regrets D. concerns 27. A. familiarity B. difficulty C. doubt D. patience 28. A. fruits B. vegetables C. grains D. trees 29. A. mentioned B. shared C. ranked D. researched 30. A. title B. place C. fund D. plan 31. A. agricultural B. cultural C. environmental D. special 32. A. fall off B. set apart C. shy away D. go back 33. A. gather B. water C. observe D. plant 34. A. frequently B. impatiently C. occasionally D. leisurely 35. A. interest B. admiration C. welfare D. competition 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huangshan-based lacquerware artisan Gan Erke has devoted his life to reviving (复兴) ancient lacquer techniques. His journey began at a local arts and crafts factory, ____36____ he noticed a gap between traditional Chinese lacquerware and modern global standards. This led him to revive the nearly lost rhinoceros leather (xi pi) lacquer technique, ____37____ (inspire) by a brief description in a Ming Dynasty text. After ____38____ (year) of experimentation, he successfully recreated and enhanced the technique by adding gold and increasing layers (层) from six to up to 102, ____39____ (achieve)greater depth and movement. One of his____40____ (influence) works is a round box with complex rhinoceros leather patterns. The surface is polished to____41____ mirror-like finish, reflecting light beautifully. Another example is a tea container, to which Gan applied the same high standards, ensuring perfect polish both inside and out. Each piece takes over a year ____42____ (complete), as Gan aims for perfection. Gan’s works have earned ____43____ (recognize) at home and abroad. In 2011, one of his rhinoceros leather lacquered round boxes ____44____ (add) to the permanent collection at Beijing’s Palace Museum. Major museums ____45____ the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US have also acquired his pieces. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 5月18日为国际博物馆日，学校英文报正在开展以The Power of Museums为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.描述图表信息； 2.简析该现象产生的原因（展览丰富、互动性强、丰富生活）； 3.号召大家走进博物馆。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 The Power of Museums ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was one of those freezing nights we got here in Minnesota in the middle of winter. The dampness in the air got trapped and a curtain of fog sank all around, mixing with the snow on the ground and the strong snow falling from the sky to white out everything. Normally I wouldn’t drive in that kind of weather, but I’d been at a Tupperware party all evening, and I was so exhausted. The desire to be in the comfort of my own home beat my better judgment. However never had I imagined my little act could save my life on such a night. I was only on the road for a minute before I regretted my decision not to stay put. The winding country road was totally deserted. My car’s headlights could barely cut through the heavy fog. The snow was getting heavier. A lot heavier. Everything beyond a few feet in front of me was a mystery. I drove slowly. I wasn’t quite sure where I was, though I knew there were railways specifically built for freight (货运) trains in this area. But in such weather, it was impossible to spot the tracks or any signs of an approaching train. Trembling with cold, I turned up the heat. The loud blowers did their work, sheltering me from the bitter cold and the sound outside. Seemingly, everything went smoothly as I inched forward. All at once, my headlights shone on a small animal in front of me, right at the farthest point they could reach. I hit the brakes-tires screeched (发嘎吱声) against the snow as the car was coming to a stop. When the world stopped spinning, taking a closer look, I found it was a brown rabbit, its fur covered with ice crystals in the headlights. I tapped the horn, no response. I tried again, yet the little creature remained rooted-it appeared unwilling to get out of the way. Curiously, I got out of the car and made my way toward it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Getting near, I found its leg stuck in a trap. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just as I was freeing the rabbit from the trap, a train whooshed(呼啸)by. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 莆田一中 2024~2025 学年度下学期第一学段考试试卷 高二英语 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the speakers have their dinner? A. By cooking at home. B. By going to a restaurant. C. By getting food delivered. 2. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Offer her opinions. B. Help him with a project. C. Learn more about technology. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a restaurant. C. On a tennis court. 4. What does the woman prefer as a birthday gift? A. A homemade cake. B. A beautiful dress. C. Planting some trees. 5. Which piece of work is the woman's favorite? A. The shoes. B. The jacket. C. The skirt. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman reporting? A. A speeding car. B. A bag theft. C. Her missing son. 7. How does the woman describe the person? A. He is tall and thin. B. He has black hair. C. He has an accent. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Manager and employee. C. Salesperson and customer. 9. What does the man think of Jack? A. Jack is patient with him. B. Jack always feels worried. C. Jack gives him a lot of pressure. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man say about his part in the play? A. His father is a poet. B. He dreams of joining the army. C. His dream is not supported by his father. 11. When does the conversation take place? A. In January. B. In July. C. In December. 12. What will the speakers do tonight? A. Fly to another city. B. Practice for the play. C. Pick up the man's father. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the man painting? A. A real landscape. B. Imaginary scenery. C. A specific person. 14. What does the man tell the woman to do first? A. Place the painting tools correctly. B. Mix the ink with water. C. Make herself relaxed. 15. What is the brush that the woman is using made of? A. Rabbit hair. B. Sheep hair. C. Horse hair. 16. Why does the woman get excited in the end? A. She can help the man finish his painting. B. She can take the man's painting home. C. She can learn some painting skills. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How many goals had Harry Kane scored for his country by August 2023? A. 84. B. 58. C. 22. 18. Why is Harry Kane outstanding according to the speaker? A. He has different skills. B. He is open to others' opinions. C. He always shares his own experience. 19. What was Harry Kane like when he was a kid? A. He was eager to become a football player. B. He was not confident about his abilities. C. He was badly hurt in his boyhood club. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Harry Kane's career as a footballer. B. Harry Kane's childhood experience. C. Harry Kane's performance in the World Cup. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A For the 150th anniversary of the first Impressionist exhibition, the Musée d’Orsay, which houses the world’s largest collection of this current, is offering a major retrospective (回顾展) of this artistic trend with Paris 1874: Inventing Impressionism from March 26 to July 14. 150 years ago, on April 15, 1874, in a luxurious photographer Nadar’s studio in northern Paris, Berthe Morisot, Edouard Degas and Claude Monet came together as a cooperative limited company to open the first Impressionist exhibition, a movement that would forever change the course of art history. The retrospective will take visitors on a virtual tour to the very moment 150 years ago. During the 40-minute immersive (沉浸的) tour, visitors will spend a virtual evening with the famous impressionists and travel by steam train to Bougival, west of Paris, where many of them worked. Visitors will then tour the main exhibition, which opens into a gallery with Renoir’s La Parisienne and La Danseuse that featured in the 1874 exhibition, and other impressionist paintings, drawings and sculptures. “The immersive experience is unique and innovative. You can go into this exhibition and relive the evening with the artists and discover the origin of this movement. We want to recreate the emotion for visitors of the 1874 exhibition.” said Abastado, director of digital development at the Musée d’Orsay. Guidelines: * The experience is suitable for children of 11 y/o and above; children under 8 y/o are prohibited. * We remind you that, in view of the technology used, virtual reality experiences are not recommended for people with balance or vision disorders. * Walkers and motorized wheelchairs are not permitted in the space, but manual wheelchairs are accepted. 1. What’s the retrospective mainly aimed at? A. Protecting cultural diversity. B. Fueling people’s love for art. C. Showing honor to late artists. D. Marking the birth of a movement. 2. What can be experienced during the virtual tour? A. Painting a picture on the spot. B. Driving a steam train in person. C. Meeting famous impressionists. D. Staying overnight in the gallery. 3. Who is the most suitable to visit the exhibition? A. An eight-year-old boy. B. An adult with a walker. C. A visually-challenged girl. D. A teenager in a manual wheelchair. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Musée d’Orsay为了纪念第一次印象派展览150周年，举办了一场名为“Paris 1874: Inventing Impressionism”的回顾展。文章主要描述了展览的内容、形式以及参观指南。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“150 years ago, on April 15, 1874, in a luxurious photographer Nadar’s studio in northern Paris, Berthe Morisot, Edouard Degas and Claude Monet came together as a cooperative limited company to open the first Impressionist exhibition, a movement that would forever change the course of art history.”（150年前，1874年4月15日，贝尔特·莫里索、爱德华·德加和克劳德·莫奈在巴黎北部豪华纳达尔摄影工作室联合开设了第一次印象派展览，这个运动永远改变了艺术历史的进程。）和第三段“The retrospective will take visitors on a virtual tour to the very moment 150 years ago.”（这次回顾展将带领参观者进行一次虚拟之旅，回到150年前的那个时刻。）可知，这次回顾展的主要目的是纪念印象派运动的诞生，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“During the 40-minute immersive (沉浸的) tour, visitors will spend a virtual evening with the famous impressionists”（在这40分钟的沉浸式旅行中，游客将与著名的印象派画家共度一个虚拟的夜晚。）可知，参观者在虚拟旅行中可以体验到与著名的印象派画家相见，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Walkers and motorized wheelchairs are not permitted in the space, but manual wheelchairs are accepted.”（步行者和电动轮椅在这个空间内是不被允许的，但是手动轮椅是可以接受的。）可知，适合参观这个展览的人是使用手动轮椅的人，故选D。 B Years ago when I was starting to explore the world in earnest — making my first trips to Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that looking at the world through a camera held back my ability to see what was really in front of me and to notice what mattered. I thought that trying to capture (捕获) good pictures took me out of the moment and made me conscious of constructing an image rather than absorbing what I was experiencing. I’ve since changed my mind about that. Today I take plenty of photos, not just on my travels but in the everyday life — when I notice an interesting mushroom while walking the dog, or watch the cloud formations before a storm. I understand now that taking pictures can be a way to stop and make better sense of the world around us. That’s one important outcome of the work that our phenomenal photographers do for National Geographic. And it’s why I’m so pleased that we have devoted this month’s magazine to immersing you in that work. Of course, these professionals have a much different relationship with photography than I do. Their work is creatively, intellectually, and logistically challenging in ways that most of us hobbyist photographers can hardly imagine. For them, it is an art and a science that they’ve perfected — a way to stop us in our tracks and make us pay attention to a story that needs to be told. At their best, photographers reveal what isn’t readily seen. In addition to impressive photos, we’re letting you hear directly from a handful of our photographers, who share stories that take you deeper into some of their most interesting projects. You’ll learn the extreme lengths to which our contributors have gone to capture some of these shots, and get a closer look at the equipment that makes it all possible. I hope you enjoy the issue. 4. What was the author’s initial belief about taking photographs? A. It kept him from fully enjoying the present. B. It greatly enhanced his travel experiences. C. It helped record unforgettable memories. D. It indicated his reliance on the camera. 5. What is a key ability of professional photographers according to the author? A. Simplifying complex processes. B. Imagining touching stories. C. Documenting events accurately. D. Presenting unnoticed scenes. 6. What does the magazine offer besides photos? A. A contribution for photographers. B. A behind-the-scenes look. C. Photographer training projects. D. Publishers’ firsthand stories. 7. In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A. Earth’s Artworks. B. Around the World. C. Reader’s Letter. D. From the Editor. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对于拍照的态度转变以及摄影师的工作成果。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Years ago when I was starting to explore the world in earnest — making my first trips to Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that looking at the world through a camera held back my ability to see what was really in front of me and to notice what mattered. I thought that trying to capture (捕获) good pictures took me out of the moment and made me conscious of constructing an image rather than absorbing what I was experiencing. (多年前，当我开始认真地探索这个世界——首次踏上非洲、亚洲和北极的旅程时——我认为，透过相机镜头看世界会阻碍我真正看到眼前的一切，让我错过那些真正重要的事情。我觉得，试图拍出好照片会让我无法沉浸于当下，让我一门心思地构造画面，而不是去体会我正在经历的一切。)”可知，作者最初认为拍照会阻碍自己真正看到眼前的东西，注意到重要的事情，让自己无法专注于正在经历的事情，而是专注于构图。因此，作者最初认为拍照会让自己无法充分享受当下。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“At their best, photographers reveal what isn’t readily seen. (在他们状态最佳时，摄影师们能揭示那些不易察觉的东西。)”可知，作者认为摄影师的关键能力是展现那些不易被察觉的东西。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“In addition to impressive photos, we’re letting you hear directly from a handful of our photographers, who share stories that take you deeper into some of their most interesting projects. (除了令人印象深刻的照片，我们还让大家直接听到我们几位摄影师的声音，他们分享的故事将带你深入了解他们一些最有趣的项目。)”可知，杂志还会提供幕后花絮。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“I hope you enjoy the issue. (我希望你会喜欢这一期杂志。)”可知，作者希望读者喜欢本期杂志，可推知本文是编辑写给读者的话，可能出现在杂志的“From the Editor (来自编辑)”一栏。故选D。 C Some people today might be early risers because of DNA they take after Neanderthals tens of thousands of years ago, suggests new research. When early humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia roughly 70,000 years ago, some of them mated with Neanderthals, who had already adapted to the colder, darker climates of the north. The ripple (涟漪) effects of that intermating still exist today: Modern humans of non-African ancestry (血统) have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA. Some of that DNA relates to sleep more specifically, the internal body clock known as the circadian rhythm. For the new study, researchers compared DNA from today’s humans and DNA from Neanderthal fossils (化石). In both groups, they found some of the same genetic variants involved with the circadian rhythm. And they found that modern humans who carry these variants also reported being early risers. For Neanderthals, being “morning people” might not have been the real benefit of carrying these genes. Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals’ DNA gave them faster, more flexible internal body clocks, which allowed them to adjust more easily to annual changes in daylight. This connection makes sense in the context of human history. When early humans moved north out of Africa, they would have experienced variable daylight hours — shorter days in the winter and longer days in the summer for the first time. The Neanderthals’ circadian rhythm genes likely helped early humans’ offspring (后代) adapt to this new environment. Notably, the findings do not prove that Neanderthal genes are responsible for the sleep habits of all early risers. Lots of different factors beyond genetics can contribute, including social and environmental influences. The study also only included DNA from a database called the U.K. Biobank—so the findings may not necessarily apply to all modern humans. Next, the research team hopes to study other genetic databases to see if the same link holds true for people of other ancestries. If the findings do apply more broadly, they may one day be useful for improving sleep in the modern world, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glowing smartphones. 8. What does the new research focus on? A. DNA’s dramatic changes. B. Genes’ influence on early risers. C. Neanderthals’ sleeping patterns. D. Ancestors’ environmental adaptability. 9. What is paragraph 2 intended to show concerning the new research? A. Historical context. B. Additional proof. C. Sample analysis. D. Studying process. 10. What is the real benefit of carrying Neanderthal’s DNA for modern humans? A. Getting up earlier. B. Having healthier daily routines. C. Being more flexible in their work. D. Possessing a better circadian rhythm. 11. What can be inferred about the findings from the last paragraph? A. They get proof from other studies. B. They are confirmed by early risers. C. They suggest potential applications. D. They reveal factors in sleeping disorders. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因为他们遗传了数万年前Neanderthal人的DNA。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Some people today might be early risers because of DNA they take after Neanderthals tens of thousands of years ago, suggests new research.(一项新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因为他们遗传了数万年前Neanderthal人的DNA。)”可知，这项新研究的重点是基因对早起者的影响。故选B。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“When early humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia roughly 70,000 years ago, some of them mated with Neanderthals, who had already adapted to the colder, darker climates of the north. The ripple (涟漪) effects of that intermating still exist today: Modern humans of non- African ancestry (血统) have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA.(大约7万年前，当早期人类从非洲迁移到欧亚大陆时，他们中的一些人与Neanderthal交配，后者已经适应了北方更寒冷、更黑暗的气候。这种通婚的连锁反应至今仍然存在：非洲血统的现代人类有1%到4%的Neanderthal人DNA。)”可知，第二段要说明的是这项研究的历史背景，故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals’ DNA gave them faster, more flexible internal body clocks, which allowed them to adjust more easily to annual changes in daylight.(相反，科学家们认为，Neanderthal人的DNA赋予了他们更快、更灵活的内部生物钟，这使他们更容易适应每年的日光变化。)”可知，携带Neanderthal人DNA对现代人的真正好处是拥有更好的昼夜节律。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If the findings do apply more broadly, they may one day be useful for improving sleep in the modern world, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glowing smartphones.(如果这些发现确实适用于更广泛的领域，它们可能有一天会对改善现代社会的睡眠有用，因为昼夜节律受到夜班和发光的智能手机的干扰。)”可知，这些发现暗示了潜在的应用。故选C。 D We learn about the world through the knowledge accumulated over thousands of years. standing on the shoulders of great men, we don’t have to experience endless trial and error, just as the wheels do not have to be reinvented each time to run a car. But where does our ability to learn from others come from? A study led by Markus Paulus, professor at Loyola Marymount University, shows that the ability has its roots in earliest childhood. “It’s generally assumed that children’s ability to imitate (模仿) is inborn, but according to our observation, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interaction enables a cultural transfer of knowledge, which, through generations’ efforts, consequently leads to the development of human beings,” says Markus Paulus. In this research, Paulus recorded the interaction between mother and child over several months. The babies came into the lab for the first time at the age of6 months , while their final visit was when they were18 months old. As they engaged in various play situations , the interactions and imitations of mother and child were analyzed. The long-term study showed that the more sensitive a mother was in her interactions with her six- month-old child and the more often she imitated the baby, the greater the child’s overall ability was at the age of18 months. Paulus’ research shows that mutual imitation is the keystone of knowledge transfer , through which children successfully learn various skills, such as how to use objects , waving and acquisition of language. “This interaction is the nucleus of learning and, finally, gives rise to evolutionary success of human,” says Paulus. “Cultural learning is an essential part of human evolution, and it is rooted in the imitation of others, particularly our caregivers during our earliest childhood,” says Paulus. “Through this, we learn from each other and pass on knowledge to the next generation, so certain actions or techniques do not have to be constantly invented again. ” 12. Why does the author mention the example of wheels? A. To praise the invention of car wheels. B. To describe the process of trial and error. C To emphasize the necessity of new tools. D. To show the importance of prior knowledge. 13. What can we learn about Paulus’ research? A. Children’s imitation was recorded by mothers. B. Sensitive mothers encouraged children’s imitation. C. Children’s ability was analyzed through interaction. D. Effective interaction promoted children’s development. 14. What does the underlined word “nucleus” mean in paragraph 4? A. Core. B. Result. C. Aim. D. Content. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Why does Evolution Matter? B. How to Interact with Children? C. Imitation: The Engine of Evolution D. Cultural Learning: The Root of Imitation 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了模仿对于人际互动，学习和人类文明演进的重要性。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“We learn about the world through the knowledge accumulated over thousands of years. standing on the shoulders of great men, we don’t have to experience endless trial and error, just as the wheels do not have to be reinvented each time to run a car. But where does our ability to learn from others come from?(我们通过几千年积累的知识来了解世界。站在伟人的肩膀上，我们不必经历无尽的尝试和错误，就像汽车的轮子不必每次都重新发明一样。但是我们向别人学习的能力从何而来呢？)”和第二段“It’s generally assumed that children’s ability to imitate (模仿) is inborn, but according to our observation, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interaction enables a cultural transfer of knowledge, which, through generations’ efforts, consequently leads to the development of human beings(人们通常认为孩子的模仿能力是天生的，但根据我们的观察，孩子模仿是因为他们自己被照顾者模仿。这种相互作用使知识的文化转移成为可能，通过几代人的努力，知识的文化转移最终导致了人类的发展)”可推知，作者提到轮子的例子是为了强调先前知识的重要性。正是站在巨人的肩膀上，我们不必再重新进行研究和试验。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The long-term study showed that the more sensitive a mother was in her interactions with her six- month-old child and the more often she imitated the baby, the greater the child’s overall ability was at the age of18 months.(这项长期研究表明，母亲在与6个月大的孩子互动时越敏感，她模仿孩子的次数越多，孩子在18个月大时的整体能力就越强)”可知，Paulus的研究表明，妈妈越频繁地模仿孩子，孩子的发育水平越好。因此可知，有效的互动促进了孩子们的发展。故选D。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“of learning and, finally, gives rise to evolutionary success of human”可知，这种相互作用最终导致了人类进化的成功，说明是学习的核心，故划线词意思是“核心”。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Cultural learning is an essential part of human evolution, and it is rooted in the imitation of others, particularly our caregivers during our earliest childhood,” says Paulus. “Through this, we learn from each other and pass on knowledge to the next generation, so certain actions or techniques do not have to be constantly invented again.”(“文化学习是人类进化的重要组成部分，它植根于对他人的模仿，尤其是我们童年早期的照顾者，”保卢斯说。“通过这种方式，我们相互学习，并将知识传授给下一代，因此某些动作或技术不必不断地重新发明。”)”结合文章主要讲述了模仿在人类进化中的重要性，强调了模仿对于人类进化的推动作用。因此，最佳标题应该是“模仿：进化的引擎”。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s a familiar picture for many of us: After a long day at work, we find ourselves glued to the sofa, phone in hand, maybe even for hours at a time. What starts as a way to mentally unwind or catch up on the news quickly becomes hours spent “doomscrolling” — the act of spending an excessive amount of time on social media scrolling (滚屏) through overwhelmingly negative content. ___16___ While it might feel like doomscrolling helps us stay informed, research finds this habit can result in lower mental well-being and poorer life satisfaction. ___17___ One way people have successfully replaced time on their phones is with a hobby that encourages mindfulness, meaning focusing our attention on the present moment and experiencing our thoughts and feelings without judgment. Here are some ways mindful hobbies can help us break our doomscrolling habit. They hold positive attention. When we’re focused on a craft, our hands are busy. ___18___ Creative hobbies that require attention, such as coloring, can also act as a “flow activity”, where we feel fully engaged in what we’ re doing, thus losing hours doomscrolling. ___19___ Doomscrolling can leave people feeling a loss of control, but mindful hobbies provide a sense of control along with amazing results, like a colorful drawing. Accomplishing something is considered one of the core ingredients of psychological well-being. They offer a sense of belonging. By engaging in a new hobby, we also join a community of people with similar interests. ___20___ And this sense of belonging is linked to better well-being. A. A fear of missing out is what drives many to continue their repetitive scroll. B. The good news is that there are many ways to break this bad habit. C. Consequently, we’ll be too engaged to reach for our phones. D. This opens us up to more positive social interactions. E. We engage in an activity with our full attention. F. They provide a sense of achievement. G. They can calm people down. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用爱好取代刷屏的好处。 【16题详解】 由上文“What starts as a way to mentally unwind or catch up on the news quickly becomes hours spent “doomscrolling” — the act of spending an excessive amount of time on social media scrolling (滚屏) through overwhelmingly negative content. (一开始作为一种让精神放松或了解新闻的方式，很快就变成了数小时的“末日刷屏”—— 即在社交媒体上花费过多时间滚屏浏览铺天盖地的负面内容)”可知，上文描述了“末日刷屏”这种现象，A选项“A fear of missing out is what drives many to continue their repetitive scroll. (害怕错过是驱使许多人继续重复滚动的原因。)”介绍出现“末日刷屏”这种现象的原因，承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 由上文“While it might feel like doomscrolling helps us stay informed, research finds this habit can result in lower mental well-being and poorer life satisfaction. (虽然感觉“末日刷屏”能让我们保持消息灵通，但研究发现这种习惯会导致心理健康水平下降和生活满意度降低)”及下文“One way people have successfully replaced time on their phones is with a hobby that encourages mindfulness, meaning focusing our attention on the present moment and experiencing our thoughts and feelings without judgment. (人们成功地替代手机时间的一种方法是培养一种鼓励正念的爱好，也就是将我们的注意力集中在当下，不加评判地体验我们的想法和感受)”可知，上文强调了“末日刷屏”的坏处，下文提出了打破这种习惯的一种方法，空处应起到过渡作用，表明有打破这种习惯的方法。B选项“The good news is that there are many ways to break this bad habit. (好消息是有很多方法可以打破这个坏习惯。)”起到进一步的承接和过渡作用，强调可以打破这种不良习惯的积极信息，符合上下文语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 由上文“When we’re focused on a craft, our hands are busy. (当我们专注于一门手艺时，我们的手就会很忙)”及下文“Creative hobbies that require attention, such as coloring, can also act as a “flow activity”, where we feel fully engaged in what we’ re doing, thus losing hours doomscrolling. (需要注意力的创造性爱好，比如涂色，也可以作为一种“心流活动”，在这种活动中我们会全身心地投入到正在做的事情中，从而不会花几个小时去“末日刷屏”)”可知，上文说专注于手艺时手会忙，下文说专注于创造性爱好能让我们全身心投入从而避免“末日刷屏”，空处应承接上文，说明专注于手艺时的结果是不会去碰手机。C选项“Consequently, we’ll be too engaged to reach for our phones. (因此，我们会太投入而不会去拿手机。)” 中engaged与上文focused on a craft相呼应，选项中too engaged to reach for our phones说明了不会去“末日刷屏”的结果，符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 由下文“Doomscrolling can leave people feeling a loss of control, but mindful hobbies provide a sense of control along with amazing results, like a colorful drawing. Accomplishing something is considered one of the core ingredients of psychological well-being. (“末日刷屏”会让人感觉失去控制，但正念爱好能提供一种控制感，以及惊人的成果，比如一幅色彩丰富的画作。完成某件事被认为是心理健康的核心要素之一)”可知，下文主要讲述了正念爱好能带来控制感和完成事情的成就感，这对心理健康有益，空处应是该段的主题句，应能概括这一内容。F选项“They provide a sense of achievement. (它们提供一种成就感。)”中provide a sense of achievement与下文相呼应，能很好地概括该段内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选F。 【20题详解】 由上文“By engaging in a new hobby, we also join a community of people with similar interests. (通过参与一项新的爱好，我们也加入了一个有相似兴趣的人的群体)” 及下文“And this sense of belonging is linked to better well-being. (而这种归属感与更好的幸福感相关联)”可知，上文说参与新爱好能加入有相似兴趣的群体，下文说这种归属感与幸福感有关，空处应承接上文，说明加入这个群体带来的积极影响。D选项“This opens us up to more positive social interactions. (这使我们能够进行更多积极的社交互动。)”中opens us up to more positive social interactions与上文join a community of people with similar interests相呼应，进一步说明了加入群体的好处，也为下文的sense of belonging做了铺垫，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community. When she was just 14, she volunteered at a local ____21____ to help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food. She felt something was missing: fresh vegetables. “I thought it would be great to ____22____ that,” Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and ____23____ homegrown produce. This ____24____ teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm. Initially, while proud of her daughter’s ____25____, Lauren’s mother, Katie, admitted to some ____26____, wondering how much work this would mean. Coming from a farming family, Lauren had some ____27____ with agriculture, but she had never tried growing ____28____ at scale (规模). She ____29____ plants online, checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop. She then secured a _____30_____ from the National FFA Organization, which supports _____31_____ education, to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies. And importantly, Lauren didn’t _____32_____ from hard work. During Iowa’s hot and dry summers, she had to _____33_____ her crops for around three hour daily. She also _____34_____ cheeked for harmful insects, and bent down to pick her green bean crop, the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion. With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years. She has also won the _____35_____ of her community. 21 A. factory B. school C. shelter D. shop 22. A. examine B. tolerate C. discover D. change 23. A. donate B. promote C. purchase D. process 24. A. honey-mouthed B. kind-hearted C. good-mannered D. open-minded 25. A. reputation B. hobby C. vision D. agenda 26. A. mistakes B. truths C. regrets D. concerns 27. A. familiarity B. difficulty C. doubt D. patience 28. A. fruits B. vegetables C. grains D. trees 29. A. mentioned B. shared C. ranked D. researched 30. A. title B. place C. fund D. plan 31. A. agricultural B. cultural C. environmental D. special 32. A. fall off B. set apart C. shy away D. go back 33. A. gather B. water C. observe D. plant 34. A. frequently B. impatiently C. occasionally D. leisurely 35. A. interest B. admiration C. welfare D. competition 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个17岁的女孩Lauren Schroeder如何受到启发，决定帮助她所在社区的需要帮助的家庭获得健康食品的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她14岁的时候，她在当地的一个收容所做志愿者，帮助有需要的人装满罐装和包装食品。A. factory工厂；B. school学校；C. shelter收容所；D. shop商店。根据上文的“she volunteered”以及空后的“help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food.”可推测，Lauren是在当地收容所做志愿者。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lauren在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时谈到了她种植和捐赠本土农产品的动机，她说：“我认为改变这种状况会很好。”A. examine检查；B. tolerate忍受；C. discover发现；D. change改变。根据上文“She felt something was missing: fresh vegetables.”可知，Lauren觉得食品中缺少蔬菜。而根据段首句“Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community.”可知，她想改变这一状况。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lauren在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时谈到了她种植和捐赠本土农产品的动机，她说：“我认为改变这种状况会很好。”A. donate捐赠；B. promote提升、促进；C. purchase购买；D. process加工、处理。根据最后一段“With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years.”可知，Lauren种植蔬菜的目的是为了捐赠给当地有需要的人家。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个善良的少女告诉她的父母，她想在他们家的农场上开一个菜园。A. honey-mouthed甜言蜜语的；B. kind-hearted热心肠的；C. good-mannered有礼貌的；D. open-minded思想开明的。根据上文“Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community.”以及“Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and ____3____ homegrown produce.”可知，Lauren是个热心肠的、善良的女孩。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，虽然Lauren的母亲Katie为女儿的想法感到骄傲，但她承认自己有些担心，不知道这意味着要做多少工作。A. reputation名声；B. hobby爱好；C. vision视觉、想法；D. agenda日程。根据上文“This ____4____ teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm.”可知，Lauren将自己的想法告知了父母，由此可知，她的妈妈是为自己女儿的想法感到骄傲。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，虽然Lauren的母亲Katie为女儿的想法感到骄傲，但她承认自己有些担心，不知道这意味着要做多少工作。A. mistakes错误；B. truths事实；C. regrets遗憾；D. concerns担忧。根据空后的“wondering how much work this would mean.”可知，Katie对女儿的想法也感到担心，因为她不知道这意味着要做多少工作。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lauren来自一个农民家庭，对农业有所了解，但她从未尝试过大规模种植蔬菜。A. familiarity熟悉；B. difficulty困难；C. doubt怀疑；D. patience耐心。根据空前的“Coming from a farming family”可知，Lauren来自农民家庭，由此可知，她对农业还是有点熟悉的。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lauren来自一个农民家庭，对农业有所了解，但她从未尝试过大规模种植蔬菜。A. fruits水果；B. vegetables蔬菜；C. grains谷物；D. trees树木。根据上文可知，Lauren对农业有所了解；而根据下文内容可知，她还得去网上寻求帮助，查看如何照顾农作物，由此可判断，Lauren并未大规模种植过蔬菜。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在网上研究植物，查看如何照顾每种作物的说明。A. mentioned提及；B. shared分享；C. ranked排名；D. researched研究。根据空后的“checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop”可推测，她是在网上研究如何种植农作物。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后，她从支持农业教育的全国农艺协会组织(National FFA Organization)获得了一笔资金，用于购买种子和园艺用品。A. title标题；B. place地点；C. fund资金；D. plan计划。根据下文的“to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies”可知，她从该组织获得资金，用来购买种子和园艺用品。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随后，她从支持农业教育的全国农艺协会组织(National FFA Organization)获得了一笔资金，用于购买种子和园艺用品。A. agricultural农业的；B. cultural文化的；C. environmental环境的；D. special特别的。根据上文的“the National FFA Organization”以及空后的“to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies”可判断，该组织支持农业教育。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：更重要的是，Lauren从不回避艰苦的工作。A. fall off下降；B. set apart分开；C. shy away逃避；D. go back返回。根据下文内容“During Iowa’s hot and dry summers, she had to ____13____ her crops for around three hours daily. She also ____14____ cheeked for harmful insects, and bent down to pick her green bean crop, the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.”可知，Lauren凡事都亲力亲为，由此可知，她从未回避艰苦的工作。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在爱荷华州炎热干燥的夏季，她不得不每天给庄稼浇水大约三个小时。A. gather聚集；B. water浇水；C. observe观察；D. plant种植。根据空前的“During Iowa’s hot and dry summers”以及常识可知，在炎热干燥的夏季，她需要给庄稼浇水。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她还经常检查有害昆虫，弯腰采摘她的绿豆作物，在她看来，这是最具挑战性的蔬菜。A. frequently频繁地；B. impatiently不耐烦地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. leisurely悠闲地。根据下文“the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.”可知，这项工作最具有挑战性，由此可知，她需要频繁地检查有害昆虫，采摘绿豆作物。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也赢得了社区的钦佩。A. interest兴趣；B. admiration钦佩；C. welfare福利；D. competition竞争。根据空前的“With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years.”以及全文内容可知，她的善举应该是赢得了社区人们的钦佩。故选B。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huangshan-based lacquerware artisan Gan Erke has devoted his life to reviving (复兴) ancient lacquer techniques. His journey began at a local arts and crafts factory, ____36____ he noticed a gap between traditional Chinese lacquerware and modern global standards. This led him to revive the nearly lost rhinoceros leather (xi pi) lacquer technique, ____37____ (inspire) by a brief description in a Ming Dynasty text. After ____38____ (year) of experimentation, he successfully recreated and enhanced the technique by adding gold and increasing layers (层) from six to up to 102, ____39____ (achieve)greater depth and movement. One of his____40____ (influence) works is a round box with complex rhinoceros leather patterns. The surface is polished to____41____ mirror-like finish, reflecting light beautifully. Another example is a tea container, to which Gan applied the same high standards, ensuring perfect polish both inside and out. Each piece takes over a year ____42____ (complete), as Gan aims for perfection. Gan’s works have earned ____43____ (recognize) at home and abroad. In 2011, one of his rhinoceros leather lacquered round boxes ____44____ (add) to the permanent collection at Beijing’s Palace Museum. Major museums ____45____ the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US have also acquired his pieces. 【答案】36. where 37. inspired 38. years 39. achieving 40. influential 41. a 42. to complete 43. recognition 44. was added 45. like 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黄山漆器工匠甘而可毕生致力于复兴古代漆艺。他从明代文献中获得灵感，成功复兴了濒临失传的犀皮漆工艺，并通过增加金粉和漆层数量（从6层到102层）提升了工艺水平。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：他的旅途始于当地工艺美术厂，在那里他注意到中国传统漆器与现代国际标准之间的差距。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词factory，且关系词在从句中作状语，应用where引导定语从句。故填where。 37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这促使他复兴了近乎失传的犀皮漆工艺，这项工艺是受到明代文献中简短描述的启发。此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰lacquer technique，且动词inspire和lacquer technique是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填inspired。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：经过多年实验后，他成功复原并改进了这项工艺。year为可数名词，前面无冠词，需用复数形式表示泛指。故填years。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他将漆层从6层增加到最多102层，达到了更好的立体感和动态效果。此处需用非谓语动词作状语，此处表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，表示主动关系。故填achieving。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他具影响力的作品之一是一个带有复杂犀皮纹的圆盒。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词works。故填influential。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：表面被抛光至镜面般的光洁度，能美丽地反射光线。此处泛指一个镜面般的效果，需用不定冠词修饰，且mirror-like发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：每件作品都需要一年多时间来完成，因为甘尔力求完美。sth. take+时间+to do sth.固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，故填to complete。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：甘尔可的作品在国内外都获得了认可。earn后需接名词recognition作宾语，且为不可数名词。故填recognition。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：2011年，他的一件犀皮漆圆盒被列入北京故宫博物院的永久收藏。此处描述过去发生的被动动作，且主语和动词add是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was added。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：包括大英博物馆和美国大都会艺术博物馆在内的主要博物馆也都收藏了他的作品。此处需用介词like表示列举关系。故填like。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 5月18日为国际博物馆日，学校英文报正在开展以The Power of Museums为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.描述图表信息； 2.简析该现象产生的原因（展览丰富、互动性强、丰富生活）； 3.号召大家走进博物馆。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 The Power of Museums ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Power of Museums As shown in the chart, we can see that there has been an increasing number of people visiting museums in the last decade. It is worth analyzing the phenomenon that museum attendance has doubled. To begin with, museums, as one of the main approaches to preserve collections ranging from antiques to modern artifacts, document social transformation of social life and narrate those stories without words. Secondly, diverse as its exhibitions would be, museums cater to people from almost all walks of life and ages, allowing visitors to find displays that align with their interests. Additionally, visiting museums and engaging in their exhibitions not only can people’s lives be enriched, but also broaden their knowledge and perspectives. As far as I am concerned, museums play a crucial role in our society, and it’s high time we made visiting them a part of our leisure activities. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生使用图表中学校英文报开展的以The Power of Museums为题的讨论的调查结果，写一篇短文投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 增加的：increasing→growing 首先：to begin with→first of all 另外：additionally→besides 至关重要的：crucial→vital 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：As far as I am concerned, museums play a crucial role in our society, and it’s high time we made visiting them a part of our leisure activities. 拓展句：As far as I am concerned, museums play a crucial role in our society, and it’s high time for us to make visiting them a part of our leisure activities. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As shown in the chart, we can see that there has been an increasing number of people visiting museums in the last decade. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句、that引导的宾语从句及非谓语动词作定语) 【高分句型2】It is worth analyzing the phenomenon that museum attendance has doubled. (运用了that引导的同位语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was one of those freezing nights we got here in Minnesota in the middle of winter. The dampness in the air got trapped and a curtain of fog sank all around, mixing with the snow on the ground and the strong snow falling from the sky to white out everything. Normally I wouldn’t drive in that kind of weather, but I’d been at a Tupperware party all evening, and I was so exhausted. The desire to be in the comfort of my own home beat my better judgment. However never had I imagined my little act could save my life on such a night. I was only on the road for a minute before I regretted my decision not to stay put. The winding country road was totally deserted. My car’s headlights could barely cut through the heavy fog. The snow was getting heavier. A lot heavier. Everything beyond a few feet in front of me was a mystery. I drove slowly. I wasn’t quite sure where I was, though I knew there were railways specifically built for freight (货运) trains in this area. But in such weather, it was impossible to spot the tracks or any signs of an approaching train. Trembling with cold, I turned up the heat. The loud blowers did their work, sheltering me from the bitter cold and the sound outside. Seemingly, everything went smoothly as I inched forward. All at once, my headlights shone on a small animal in front of me, right at the farthest point they could reach. I hit the brakes-tires screeched (发嘎吱声) against the snow as the car was coming to a stop. When the world stopped spinning, taking a closer look, I found it was a brown rabbit, its fur covered with ice crystals in the headlights. I tapped the horn, no response. I tried again, yet the little creature remained rooted-it appeared unwilling to get out of the way. Curiously, I got out of the car and made my way toward it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Getting near, I found its leg stuck in a trap. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just as I was freeing the rabbit from the trap, a train whooshed(呼啸)by. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Getting near, I found its leg stuck in a trap. Its eyes locked onto mine—wide and desperate, and its nose twitched in panic, as if begging for help. Despite the freezing wind biting through my coat, I knelt down. “Hold on,” I whispered, trying to loosen the trap with numb fingers. The little creature stopped struggling, staring at me with a mix of fear and hope. My gloves were already wet, but I ignored. I determined to save this little life, forgetting about everything around. Just as I was freeing the rabbit from the trap, a train whooshed (呼啸) by. The fog swirled, and the train’s dark shape with faint light was briefly visible before disappearing into the heavy fog, leaving only the steam behind. In that split second, I realized: had I not stopped for the rabbit, my car would have been on those hidden tracks. My heart pounded violently. After pulling myself together, I finally loosened the trap and the rabbit hopped away. This encounter became a constant reminder that in a world with uncertainties, kindness has its own reward. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一个寒冷、多雾且大雪纷飞的夜晚开车回家，在行驶过程中，由于大雪和浓雾，道路能见度极低，作者行驶得十分缓慢且不确定自己的位置。当作者的车灯照到前方一只被冰雪覆盖的棕色兔子时，作者紧急刹车。尽管按喇叭示意，兔子却没有移动。出于好奇，作者下车走向兔子。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“走近时，我发现它的腿卡在陷阱里了。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现兔子被困并试图解救它的情景。 ②由第二段首句内容“正当我把兔子从陷阱里解救出来时，一列火车呼啸而过。”可知，第二段可描写作者在解救兔子时遇到火车的惊险经历，以及这一经历带给他的深刻感悟和认识。 2.续写线索：兔子似乎在乞求帮助——作者开始帮助兔子——作者下定决心救兔子——火车消失——作者意识到自己差点被火车撞——救出兔子——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①乞求：beg/implore ②救：save/rescue ③跳走：hop away/jump away 情绪类 ①绝望：desperate/despairing ②害怕：fear/fright 【点睛】[高分句型1] Its eyes locked onto mine—wide and desperate, and its nose twitched in panic, as if begging for help. (由as if引导的方式状语从句和省略) [高分句型2] This encounter became a constant reminder that in a world with uncertainties, kindness has its own reward. (由that引导的同位语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$