广东省广州市海珠区五中滨江2024-2025学年八年级上学期期中测试英语试卷

2024学年第一学期英语学科期中限时训练（八年级） 本试卷共8页，满分共100分，用时100分钟。 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) The Big Merino is 1 the city of Goulburn. Merinos 2 a type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very important 3 the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also 4 up to the Big Merino’s head and look at the view through 5 eyes. 1. A. in B. at C. on D. by 2. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. A. to B. with C. by D. for 4. A. climbed B. climbs C. climbing D. climb 5. A. it B. it’s C. it is D. its 1. 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查介词。句意：大美利奴雕塑在古尔本城。in+大地点。city城市，名词。故答案为A。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：美利奴是羊的一个种类。根据is可知，该句为一般现在时，主语是复数，所以be动词使用are。故答案为B。 3. 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意：在澳大利亚的一些地方很干燥，所以这些羊对那里的农民很重要。be important to sb.对于某人来说很重要。故答案为A。 4. 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查动词形式。句意：游客还可以爬上去大美利奴雕塑的头上，透过它的眼睛往外观望。情态动词can后面用动词原形。故答案为D。 5. 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查形容词性物主代词。句意：游客还可以爬上去大美利奴雕塑的头上，透过它的眼睛往外观望。此处使用形容词性物主代词its来修饰名词eyes。故答案为D。 (B) There once lived a very stupid king and queen. One day the queen had 1 baby daughter. When they first saw their baby, they both cried out, “My goodness! She’s hairless and toothless! It’s a monster (怪物)!” They ordered all the doctors in the country 2 some medicine for her. “If you can’t make her have hair and teeth, I’ll kill you.” the king said to the doctors. The doctors thought it was not possible, but they couldn’t say 3 against the king’s order. Just then, one of 4 came up. “Oh, we shall 5 your order,” he said, “but it takes time. We have to dig for something 6 a little medicine from the Kunlun Mountains when the snow melts (融化) for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years. 7 we need twelve years.” At last the king agreed and the doctors took away the little baby. On her 8 birthday, they brought her back to her parents 9 long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were much 10 and gave the doctors many presents. 1. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing 3. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 4. A. older doctor B. the oldest doctor C. the older doctors D. the oldest doctors 5. A. follows B. to follow C. follow D. following 6. A. makes B. to make C. make D. making 7. A. However B. But C. Because D. So 8. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth 9. A. for B. to C. with D. of 10. A. happier B. happiest C. happily D. happy 1. 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：一天，王后生了一个小女儿。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，且baby是以辅音音素开头的，所以应填不定冠词a。故选A。 2. 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意：他们命令全国所有的医生都给她准备了一些药。order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事。故选C。 3. 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查不定代词。句意：医生们认为这是不可能的，但他们也不能对国王的命令说什么。anything任何事物，用于疑问句或否定句。根据句意可知，此处指什么也不能说，该句为否定句，所以应填anything。故选B。 4. 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意：正在这时，一位最年长的医生走了过来。one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“……之一”。故选D。 5. 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查动词形式。句意：哦，我们应该听从你的建议。情态动词shall后面使用动词原形。故选C。 6. 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查动词不定式。句意：我们得在雪第二次融化的时候从昆仑山挖点东西做点药。根据句意可知，此处用不定式表目的。故选B。 7. 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查连词。句意：所以我们需要十二年。根据The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years.和we need twelve years可知，前后是因果关系，前因后果。so因此、所以，连词。故选D。 8. 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查序数词。句意：在她十二岁生日的时候，他们带着有着长长的黑发和漂亮的牙齿的她回到了父母身边。on one’s+序数词+birthday表示“在某人……岁生日”。故选B。 9. 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查介词。句意：在她十二岁生日的时候，他们带着有着长长的黑发和漂亮的牙齿的她回到了父母身边。此处使用介词with表示“带有、具有”。故选C。 10. 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查形容词比较级。句意：国王和王后非常高兴，给了医生们许多礼物。空格处在句中作表语，所以应填形容词。结合空前的much可知，此处应填形容词比较级happier。故选A。 二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Steven Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer. 1 , he was not clever or popular when he was in school. At that time, he was not a good student and he 2 made trouble with his schoolmates. When he went to 3 , he didn’t change a lot. Then he dropped out (辍学) from the college. But he was full of new 4 . After that, Steven Jobs 5 a video game designer. He worked there for only several months and then he went to India. He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a 6 in life. After he returned from India, he went to California and lived on a farm for a year. In 1975, he began to 7 a new type of computer. He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage. He 8 the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden. His Apple Computer was such a great success that he soon became a 9 designer all over the world. So I think we should often use our 10 and often ask why. Whatever we do, we must try our best to do it. I think we must be successful one day. 1. A. So B. Because C. Although D. However 2. A. always B. hardly C. seldom D. never 3. A. college B. company C. society D. middle school 4. A. computers B. games C. ideas D. mobile phones 5. A. worked for B. worked as C. worked in D. worked at 6. A. place B. change C. computer D. plane 7. A. make B. play C. buy D. sell 8. A. disliked B. copied C. wrote D. chose 9. A. patient B. careful C. successful D. hard-working 10. A. feet B. bands C. body D. brains 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了苹果电脑的设计者史蒂夫·乔布斯的生平。 1. 【答案】D 【解析】本题考察语境判断之其他线索。句意：然而，他在学校时既不聪明也不受欢迎。So所以；Because因为；Although尽管；However然而。根据Steven Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer.和he was not clever or popular when he was at school可知，两句之间是转折关系。however然而，表转折。故选D。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】本题考察语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：那时候，他不是一个好学生，总是和同学们闹事。always总是；hardly几乎不；seldom很少；never从不。根据At that time, he was not a good student可知，他总是和同学们闹事。故选A。 3. 【答案】A 【解析】本题考察语境判断之对应原文。句意：当他上大学时，他并没有改变多少。college大学；company公司；society社会；middle school中学。根据Then he dropped out (辍学) from the college.可知，此处指乔布斯上了大学。故选A。 4. 【答案】C 【解析】本题考察语境判断之其他线索。句意：但他充满了新想法。computers电脑；games游戏；ideas想法；mobile phones移动电话。根据But he was full of new…以及结合下文可知，充满的应该是想法。故选C。 5. 【答案】B 【解析】本题考察词义判断之固定搭配。句意：在那之后，史蒂夫·乔布斯当了一名电子游戏设计师。worked on从事、致力于，后加具体任务；worked as担任，后加职位/角色；worked in在……工作；worked at在……工作。a video game designer是职业。work as后接职业，表示担任……、当……。故选B。 6. 【答案】B 【解析】本题考察语境判断之其他线索。句意：他希望这次旅行能给他一些新的想法，让他改变生活。place地方；change变化；computer电脑；plane飞机。此处指史蒂夫乔布斯辞去工作去旅行，是为了给当时的生活带来一些改变。故选B。 7. 【答案】A 【解析】本题考察语境判断之对应原文。句意：1975年，他开始制造一种新型计算机。make制作；play玩；buy买；sell卖。根据He designed the Apple Computer with his friends in his garage.可知，史蒂夫·乔布斯和朋友制造新型计算机。故选A。 8. 【答案】D 【解析】本题考察语境判断之其他线索。句意：他选择“苹果”这个名字，是因为它能让他想起曾经在苹果园度过的一个快乐的夏天。disliked不喜欢；copied仿造；wrote写；chose选择。根据语境可知，用“苹果”给新型计算机命名是史蒂夫乔布斯的选择。故选D。 9. 【答案】C 【解析】本题考察语境判断之对应原文。句意：他的苹果电脑取得了巨大的成功，他很快就成为了全世界成功的设计师。patient耐心的；careful仔细的；successful成功的；hard-working勤奋的。根据…such a great success可知，苹果电脑的成功使得乔布斯成为了全世界成功的设计师。故选C。 10. 【答案】D 【解析】本题考察语境判断之其他线索。句意：所以我认为我们应该经常动脑筋，经常问为什么。feet脚；bands乐队；body身体；brains大脑。根据常识和句意可知，我们是用大脑思考。故选D。 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Robot Your close friend Xiaoice (小冰) is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor (主播) The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000, 000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter such as Vincent Van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15,000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 1. Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT __________. A. going out to play with you B. talking with you if you feel lonely C. being your friend D. singing, writing poems and telling stories 2. What can we know about the painting? A. Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B. It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. C. The AI artist imitated it. D. It is the most popular painting in the world. 3. This passage is probably from __________. A. a travel guide B. a story book C. a school report D. a science magazine 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一些令人惊叹的人工智能。 1. 【答案】A 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据表格“Robot”部分第二、三、四句“If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it!”可知，小冰是一个机器人。如果你感到孤独，你可以和它说话。它擅长唱歌、写诗和讲故事。你可以和它交朋友。故答案为A。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据表格“Popular AI artist”部分第一句“A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000, 000 yuan in 2018.”可知，它在2018年的售价约为300万元。故答案为B。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】本题属于推断题之文章出处。根据文章第一段“AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs.”可知，这篇文章可能来自科学杂志。故答案为D。 (B) letter I V X L C D M value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 Roman numbers are the number system with hundreds of years’ history. They were created by the Romans with seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Their meanings are as follows. Hand signals (手势) may tell us how Roman numbers were invented. “I”, a single line, is one finger, and “V” means five fingers. “X” is two hands showing two fives with thumbs (拇指) crossed, like the shape “X”. Roman numbers are read from left to right. The order of the letters is important. There are two main rules. If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90. If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113. Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths. People in Europe kept using them until the 15th century. Later, people realized the Arabic numbers were easier when they had to calculate larger numbers. Also, zero was not in the Roman number system. It was a big problem in maths. However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ. While they are not the main number system in modern maths, they are still around us. 4. Which of following stands for “subtraction” in Paragraph 4? A. B. C. D. 5. What does the Roman number LXXII mean? A. 28 B. 32 C. 68 D. 72 6. Why were Roman numbers important in Roman times? A. Because they were easier than the Arabic numbers. B. Because Europeans had to calculate larger numbers. C. Because people widely used them in their daily life. D. Because the number zero brought a problem to maths. 7. What does “they” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Arabic numbers. B. Roman numbers. C. Subjects like music. D. Watches and clocks. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了罗马数字的相关知识。 4. 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于猜词题之词汇。根据文章第五段“If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90.”以及表格中I表示的是数字1和V表示的是数字5可知，subtraction意为“减法”。故答案为B。 5. 【答案】D 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章第六段“If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113.”以及表格可知，L表示的是数字50，X表示的是数字10，I表示的是数字1。由此可知，罗马数字LXXII是72。故答案为D。 6. 【答案】C 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章倒数第二段第一、二句“Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths.”可知，罗马数字在罗马时代很重要，因为人们在日常生活中广泛使用它们。故答案为C。 7. 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于指代题之复数指代。根据文章最后一段中“However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.”可知，they指的是罗马数字。故答案为B。 (C) The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the rain and the sun off the people. Umbrellas can be folded up so it is easy to carry them. However, the umbrella has not always been as common as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this way. Someone carries an umbrella behind the king or important person. Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to use umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3000 years ago. From then on, people brought umbrella to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, men wouldn’t use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women. England was probably the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very wet and umbrellas are very useful. Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, just think that for centuries only great men and women used them. You will feel you are important people, too. 8. What is the umbrella used for? A. Keeping the rain off. B. Keeping the rain and the sun off. C. Keeping the sun off. D. Keeping the wind off. 9. What does the underlined word “be folded up” mean in Chinese? A. 撑开 B. 关闭 C. 闲置 D. 折叠 10. Which country is the earliest country that used umbrellas? A. England. B. China. C. India. D. Egypt. 11. What is the best title of this passage? A. The Development of Umbrellas B. How to Use Umbrellas C. Umbrellas Are Used for Keeping off the Rain and Cloud D. Umbrellas Are Unimportant 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了雨伞的发展。 8. 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章第一段第二句“It keeps the rain and the sun off the people.”可知，雨伞可以遮阴避雨。故答案为B。 9. 【答案】D 【解析】本题属于猜词题之短语。根据文章第一段第三句中“so it is easy to carry them”可知，雨伞易携带，因为它可折叠。故答案为D。 10. 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章第三段第三、四句“The Chinese had them more than 3000 years ago. From then on, people brought umbrella to India and Egypt.”可知，中国是最早使用雨伞的国家。故答案为B。 11. 【答案】A 【解析】本题属于主旨题之标题题目。通读全文可知，本文介绍了雨伞的用途和不同国家的使用雨伞的时间和雨伞代表的文化，总体来说是在介绍雨伞的发展。故答案为A。 (D) Good morning, my dear classmates. I am very pleased to introduce my favorite scientist, Charles Darwin. I searched for all the information from the Internet. I am happy to share it with you. Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England, the same day as Abraham Lincoln. Charles wasn’t the best student in his school. When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors discovering nature more than attending medical classes. He left school without finishing it. Then, Charles’s father sent him to another school to make him become a minister (牧师). He made it to graduation, but he didn’t want to become a minister. His real dream was to be a scientist. After graduation, someone invited Charles to sail on the Beagle as a scientist without any money. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their work was to make maps of the places they visited. The trip was planned to last for two years, but in fact, it lasted for five years. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study. Several years later, Darwin published an important scientific paper. He is famous for the theories of evolution and natural selection (物竞天择). 12. When did Darwin go to the medical school? A. In 1809. B. In 1825. C. In 1849. D. In 1828. 13. What did Darwin want to be? A. A doctor. B. A minister. C. A scientist. D. A traveler. 14. Which of the following statements about Darwin is TRUE according to the article? A. Darwin always got good grades at school. B. Darwin was born on the same day as Abraham Lincoln. C. Darwin sailed on the Beagle and got much money. D. The Beagle trip lasted for two years. 15. What’s the purpose of the Beagle trip? A. To discover plants and animals. B. To collect useful things for the paper. C. To travel for fun. D. To make maps of some places. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了达尔文的生平。 12. 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章第一段第五句“Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England, the same day as Abraham Lincoln.”以及第一段第七句“When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school.”可知，达尔文出生于1809年，16岁时被父亲送到医学院。因此，达尔文去医学院的时间是1809+16=1825年。故答案为B。 13. 【答案】C 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章第二段第三句“His real dream was to be a scientist.”可知，达尔文的梦想是成为一名科学家。故答案为C。 14. 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章第一段第五句“Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England, the same day as Abraham Lincoln.”可知，达尔文和亚伯拉罕林肯出生在同一天。故答案为B。 15. 【答案】D 【解析】本题属于细节题之单细节题。根据文章第二段倒数第四句“Their work was to make maps of the places they visited.”可知，the Beagle trip的目的是绘制他们访问过的地方的地图。故答案为D。 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the modern world, people use money every day. Money is very important in our life. 1 But I think few people know the history of money. 2 They lived with family and lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. And they also made things they need by themselves. As time passed, people learned to raise animals and grow crops. Sometimes, families produced more things than they needed. Then exchange (交换) started to happen between families. They exchanged things they didn’t need for that they wanted. Later, people began to use money as an exchanging way. 3 They used other things as money, like shells, rice, salt, stone, etc. After 600 BC, people began using coins as money. 4 Later, countries began to make their own coins. Ancient China was the first to make paper money, probably in the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw Chinese people using money when he visited China in the 1200s. 5 Today, we have many ways to pay for things. A. Long time ago, people did not use money. B. They soon found that coins were easier to carry. C. But the money they used was not the same as we use today. D. That’s because without money you can’t buy things you want. E. However, European countries did not start using paper money until the 1600s. 【答案】DACBE 1. 【解析】本题设空位置在段中，需要重点关注空格前后句子。前一句说到金钱在我们的生活中非常重要；后一句说到但我认为很少有人知道货币的历史；中间一句应该在说明钱在日常生活中的重要性。D选项意为那是因为没有钱，你就买不到你想要的东西。符合语境。故答案为D。 2. 【解析】本题设空位置在段首，需要重点关注空格后句子。后面说到他们和家人住在一起，靠野生动物、水果和其他植物为生。他们也自己做了他们需要的东西……他们用不需要的东西换了他们想要的东西；此处应该指以前人们同时自给自足，或者互相交互物品，不需要钱。A选项意为很久以前，人们不用钱。符合语境。故答案为A。 3. 【解析】本题设空位置在段中，需要重点关注空格前后句子。前一句说到后来，人们开始用货币作为交换方式；后一句说到他们用其他东西当钱，比如贝壳、大米、盐、石头等；中间一句应该与货币的形式相关。C选项意为但他们用的钱和我们今天用的不一样。符合语境。故答案为C。 4. 【解析】本题设空位置在段中，需要重点关注空格前后句子。前一句说到公元前600年后，人们开始使用硬币作为货币；后一句说到后来，各国开始制造自己的硬币；中间一句应该与硬币相关。B选项意为他们很快发现硬币更容易携带。符合语境。故答案为B。 5. 【解析】本题设空位置在段末，需要重点关注空格前句子。前一句说到意大利旅行家马可波罗在12世纪访问中国时看到中国人用钱。此处应该与使用纸币相关。E选项意为然而，欧洲国家直到17世纪才开始使用纸币。符合语境。故答案为E。 四、写作 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列语篇及所缺单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。（每空只写一词） Jack was b 1 in 2000. He lived in a small village with his parents. He was a w 2 man. When he was young, he wanted to be an i 3 . He carried a notebook with him all the time. His notebook included many drawings of different inventions. In order to achieve his dream, Jack worked very hard. He studied 12 hours a day, especially at weekends. Later, he c 4 many new things and made his dream come true. He also w 5 many prizes because of his inventions. 1. 【答案】(b)orn 【解析】本题考查首字母填空之动词。 句意：杰克出生于2000年。根据“Jack was…in 2000.”以及首字母可知，此处指出生。be born in出生于。故答案为(b)orn。 2. 【答案】(w)ise 【解析】本题考查首字母填空之形容词。 句意：他是个聪明的人。根据“He was a…man.”和后文内容以及首字母可知，此处指聪明的，形容词作定语来修饰名词。wise聪明的、有智慧的，形容词。故答案为(w)ise。 3. 【答案】(i)nventor 【解析】本题考查首字母填空之名词。 句意：当他年轻的时候，他想成为一名发明家。根据“When he was young, he wanted to be an... He carried a notebook with him all the time. His notebook included many drawings of different inventions.”以及首字母可知，此处指发明家。inventor发明家，可数名词；前面有an，故此处使用单数形式。故答案为(i)nventor。 4. 【答案】(c)reated 【解析】本题考查首字母填空之动词。 句意：后来，他创造了许多新事物，实现了自己的梦想。根据“Later, he…many new things and made his dream come true.”以及首字母可知，此处指创造。create创造，动词。根据made可知，该句使用一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式，create的过去式为created。故答案为(c)reated。 5. 【答案】(w)on 【解析】本题考查首字母填空之动词。 句意：他还因发明而赢得得许多奖项。根据“He also…many prizes because of his inventions.”以及首字母可知，此处指赢得。win赢得，动词；根据made可知，该句使用一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式，win的过去式为won。故答案为(w)on。 第二节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 1. 莉莉喜欢用她的手机上网。 Lily liked to __________ __________ __________ __________ through her phone. 【答案】go on the Internet 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“上网”。go on the Internet上网；like to do sth.喜欢做某事。故答案为go on the Internet。 2. 在过去，她总是很期待和朋友一起玩手机游戏。 In the past, she always __________ __________ __________ __________ mobile games with her friends. 【答案】looked forward to playing 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“期待”和“玩”。look forward to doing sth.期待做某事；play玩，动词，其动名词形式为playing。根据In the past可知，该句使用一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式，look的过去式为looked。故答案为looked forward to playing。 3. 莉莉的妈妈在一家医院当医生。 Lily’s mother __________ __________ a doctor in a hospital. 【答案】works as 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“当”。work as担任……、当……。根据句意可知，该句使用一般现在时，主语Lily’s mother为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，work的三单形式为works。故答案为works as。 4. 她妈妈认为玩手机游戏对青少年的眼睛有害。 Her mother thinks that playing mobile games __________ __________ __________ teenagers’ eyes. 【答案】is harmful to 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“对……有害”。be harmful to对……有害。根据thinks可知，该句使用一般现在时，主语为单个动名词短语，表示单数概念，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，故be动词使用is。故答案为is harmful to。 5. 所以，莉莉的妈妈经常阻止她玩太多手机游戏。 Therefore, Lily’s mother often __________ __________ __________ playing too much mobile games. 【答案】stops her from 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“阻止她……”。stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；her她，使用宾格作stop的宾语。根据often以及句意可知，该句使用一般现在时，主语Lily’s mother为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，stop的三单形式为stops。故答案为stops her from。 6. 此外，妈妈建议她去进行运动而不是待在家。 __________ __________, her mother advises her to play sports __________ __________ staying at home. 【答案】In addition; instead of 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“此外”和“而不是”。in addition此外；instead of而不是。故答案为In addition; instead of。 7. 这样，她就不再需要依靠手机获得快乐。 In this way, she doesn’t need to __________ __________ phones to have fun any more. 【答案】depend on 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“依靠”。depend on依靠；need to do sth.需要做某事。故答案为depend on。 8. 自那以后，莉莉就不再玩手机游戏了。 __________ __________, Lily has never played mobile games. 【答案】Since then 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“自那以后”。since then从那时起。故答案为Since then。 9. 现在她喜欢游泳，打羽毛球，旅游，等等。 Now she enjoys going swimming, playing badminton, going travelling __________ __________ __________. 【答案】and so on 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“等等”。and so on及诸如此类，等等。故答案为and so on。 10. 莉莉的生活方式正在变得越来越好。 Lily’s lifestyle is becoming __________ __________ __________. 【答案】better and better 【解析】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“越来越好”。better and better越来越好。故答案为better and better。 第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分） 1. 你们学校校报将出版一期以computer为主题的专刊，号召全体同学积极投稿。请你根据以下所给的内容提示，写一篇英语短文。 电脑的地位 最伟大的发明之一；在我们的日常生活中越来越重要。 电脑的用途 1．搜索信息，获得更多新知识 (knowledge)，有助于我们学习； 2．听歌、看电影等有利于我们放松心情； 3．可以结交来自全世界的朋友，与他人保持联系。 你的观点或建议 （合理使用电脑） 不少于两点。 注意： ①不少于80词（文章开头已给出，不计入词数）； ②不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Nowadays, the computer plays a very important role in our society. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【例文】 Nowadays, the computer plays a very important role in our society. As one of the greatest inventions in human history, it becomes more and more important in our daily lives. First of all, computers help us learn. With just a few clicks, we can search for information online and gain more new knowledge, which broadens our horizons. Secondly, computers provide entertainment. After studying, listening to music or watching movies can help us relax and recharge. Thirdly, computers connect us with the world. Through social media, we can make friends from different countries and keep in touch with them easily. However, using computers wisely is crucial. To start with, we should limit screen time because overuse may harm our eyes and health. Also, we must avoid unsafe websites and focus on meaningful activities. In my opinion, parents and teachers should guide students to balance study and technology. Let’s make computers a tool for growth, not a distraction! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期英语学科期中限时训练（八年级） 本试卷共8页，满分共100分，用时100分钟。 一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) The Big Merino is 1 the city of Goulburn. Merinos 2 a type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very important 3 the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also 4 up to the Big Merino’s head and look at the view through 5 eyes. 1. A. in B. at C. on D. by 2. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. A. to B. with C. by D. for 4. A. climbed B. climbs C. climbing D. climb 5. A. it B. it’s C. it is D. its (B) There once lived a very stupid king and queen. One day the queen had 1 baby daughter. When they first saw their baby, they both cried out, “My goodness! She’s hairless and toothless! It’s a monster (怪物)!” They ordered all the doctors in the country 2 some medicine for her. “If you can’t make her have hair and teeth, I’ll kill you.” the king said to the doctors. The doctors thought it was not possible, but they couldn’t say 3 against the king’s order. Just then, one of 4 came up. “Oh, we shall 5 your order,” he said, “but it takes time. We have to dig for something 6 a little medicine from the Kunlun Mountains when the snow melts (融化) for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years. 7 we need twelve years.” At last the king agreed and the doctors took away the little baby. On her 8 birthday, they brought her back to her parents 9 long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were much 10 and gave the doctors many presents. 1. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. A. prepare B. prepared C. to prepare D. preparing 3. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 4. A. older doctor B. the oldest doctor C. the older doctors D. the oldest doctors 5. A. follows B. to follow C. follow D. following 6. A. makes B. to make C. make D. making 7. A. However B. But C. Because D. So 8. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth 9. A. for B. to C. with D. of 10. A. happier B. happiest C. happily D. happy 二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Steven Jobs is the designer of Apple Computer. 1 , he was not clever or popular when he was in school. At that time, he was not a good student and he 2 made trouble with his schoolmates. When he went to 3 , he didn’t change a lot. Then he dropped out (辍学) from the college. But he was full of new 4 . After that, Steven Jobs 5 a video game designer. He worked there for only several months and then he went to India. He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a 6 in life. After he returned from India, he went to California and lived on a farm for a year. In 1975, he began to 7 a new type of computer. He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage. He 8 the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden. His Apple Computer was such a great success that he soon became a 9 designer all over the world. So I think we should often use our 10 and often ask why. Whatever we do, we must try our best to do it. I think we must be successful one day. 1. A. So B. Because C. Although D. However 2. A. always B. hardly C. seldom D. never 3. A. college B. company C. society D. middle school 4. A. computers B. games C. ideas D. mobile phones 5. A. worked for B. worked as C. worked in D. worked at 6. A. place B. change C. computer D. plane 7. A. make B. play C. buy D. sell 8. A. disliked B. copied C. wrote D. chose 9. A. patient B. careful C. successful D. hard-working 10. A. feet B. bands C. body D. brains 三、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Robot Your close friend Xiaoice (小冰) is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor (主播) The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000, 000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter such as Vincent Van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15,000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 1. Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT __________. A. going out to play with you B. talking with you if you feel lonely C. being your friend D. singing, writing poems and telling stories 2. What can we know about the painting? A. Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B. It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. C. The AI artist imitated it. D. It is the most popular painting in the world. 3. This passage is probably from __________. A. a travel guide B. a story book C. a school report D. a science magazine (B) letter I V X L C D M value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 Roman numbers are the number system with hundreds of years’ history. They were created by the Romans with seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Their meanings are as follows. Hand signals (手势) may tell us how Roman numbers were invented. “I”, a single line, is one finger, and “V” means five fingers. “X” is two hands showing two fives with thumbs (拇指) crossed, like the shape “X”. Roman numbers are read from left to right. The order of the letters is important. There are two main rules. If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90. If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113. Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths. People in Europe kept using them until the 15th century. Later, people realized the Arabic numbers were easier when they had to calculate larger numbers. Also, zero was not in the Roman number system. It was a big problem in maths. However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ. While they are not the main number system in modern maths, they are still around us. 4. Which of following stands for “subtraction” in Paragraph 4? A. B. C. D. 5. What does the Roman number LXXII mean? A. 28 B. 32 C. 68 D. 72 6. Why were Roman numbers important in Roman times? A. Because they were easier than the Arabic numbers. B. Because Europeans had to calculate larger numbers. C. Because people widely used them in their daily life. D. Because the number zero brought a problem to maths. 7. What does “they” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Arabic numbers. B. Roman numbers. C. Subjects like music. D. Watches and clocks. (C) The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the rain and the sun off the people. Umbrellas can be folded up so it is easy to carry them. However, the umbrella has not always been as common as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this way. Someone carries an umbrella behind the king or important person. Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to use umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3000 years ago. From then on, people brought umbrella to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, men wouldn’t use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women. England was probably the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very wet and umbrellas are very useful. Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, just think that for centuries only great men and women used them. You will feel you are important people, too. 8. What is the umbrella used for? A. Keeping the rain off. B. Keeping the rain and the sun off. C. Keeping the sun off. D. Keeping the wind off. 9. What does the underlined word “be folded up” mean in Chinese? A. 撑开 B. 关闭 C. 闲置 D. 折叠 10. Which country is the earliest country that used umbrellas? A. England. B. China. C. India. D. Egypt. 11. What is the best title of this passage? A. The Development of Umbrellas B. How to Use Umbrellas C. Umbrellas Are Used for Keeping off the Rain and Cloud D. Umbrellas Are Unimportant (D) Good morning, my dear classmates. I am very pleased to introduce my favorite scientist, Charles Darwin. I searched for all the information from the Internet. I am happy to share it with you. Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England, the same day as Abraham Lincoln. Charles wasn’t the best student in his school. When he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors discovering nature more than attending medical classes. He left school without finishing it. Then, Charles’s father sent him to another school to make him become a minister (牧师). He made it to graduation, but he didn’t want to become a minister. His real dream was to be a scientist. After graduation, someone invited Charles to sail on the Beagle as a scientist without any money. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their work was to make maps of the places they visited. The trip was planned to last for two years, but in fact, it lasted for five years. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study. Several years later, Darwin published an important scientific paper. He is famous for the theories of evolution and natural selection (物竞天择). 12. When did Darwin go to the medical school? A. In 1809. B. In 1825. C. In 1849. D. In 1828. 13. What did Darwin want to be? A. A doctor. B. A minister. C. A scientist. D. A traveler. 14. Which of the following statements about Darwin is TRUE according to the article? A. Darwin always got good grades at school. B. Darwin was born on the same day as Abraham Lincoln. C. Darwin sailed on the Beagle and got much money. D. The Beagle trip lasted for two years. 15. What’s the purpose of the Beagle trip? A. To discover plants and animals. B. To collect useful things for the paper. C. To travel for fun. D. To make maps of some places. 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In the modern world, people use money every day. Money is very important in our life. 1 But I think few people know the history of money. 2 They lived with family and lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. And they also made things they need by themselves. As time passed, people learned to raise animals and grow crops. Sometimes, families produced more things than they needed. Then exchange (交换) started to happen between families. They exchanged things they didn’t need for that they wanted. Later, people began to use money as an exchanging way. 3 They used other things as money, like shells, rice, salt, stone, etc. After 600 BC, people began using coins as money. 4 Later, countries began to make their own coins. Ancient China was the first to make paper money, probably in the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw Chinese people using money when he visited China in the 1200s. 5 Today, we have many ways to pay for things. A. Long time ago, people did not use money. B. They soon found that coins were easier to carry. C. But the money they used was not the same as we use today. D. That’s because without money you can’t buy things you want. E. However, European countries did not start using paper money until the 1600s. 四、写作 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据下列语篇及所缺单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。（每空只写一词） Jack was b 1 in 2000. He lived in a small village with his parents. He was a w 2 man. When he was young, he wanted to be an i 3 . He carried a notebook with him all the time. His notebook included many drawings of different inventions. In order to achieve his dream, Jack worked very hard. He studied 12 hours a day, especially at weekends. Later, he c 4 many new things and made his dream come true. He also w 5 many prizes because of his inventions. 第二节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 1. 莉莉喜欢用她的手机上网。 Lily liked to __________ __________ __________ __________ through her phone. 2. 在过去，她总是很期待和朋友一起玩手机游戏。 In the past, she always __________ __________ __________ __________ mobile games with her friends. 3. 莉莉的妈妈在一家医院当医生。 Lily’s mother __________ __________ a doctor in a hospital. 4. 她妈妈认为玩手机游戏对青少年的眼睛有害。 Her mother thinks that playing mobile games __________ __________ __________ teenagers’ eyes. 5. 所以，莉莉的妈妈经常阻止她玩太多手机游戏。 Therefore, Lily’s mother often __________ __________ __________ playing too much mobile games. 6. 此外，妈妈建议她去进行运动而不是待在家。 __________ __________, her mother advises her to play sports __________ __________ staying at home. 7. 这样，她就不再需要依靠手机获得快乐。 In this way, she doesn’t need to __________ __________ phones to have fun any more. 8. 自那以后，莉莉就不再玩手机游戏了。 __________ __________, Lily has never played mobile games. 9. 现在她喜欢游泳，打羽毛球，旅游，等等。 Now she enjoys going swimming, playing badminton, going travelling __________ __________ __________. 10. 莉莉的生活方式正在变得越来越好。 Lily’s lifestyle is becoming __________ __________ __________. 第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分） 1. 你们学校校报将出版一期以computer为主题的专刊，号召全体同学积极投稿。请你根据以下所给的内容提示，写一篇英语短文。 电脑的地位 最伟大的发明之一；在我们的日常生活中越来越重要。 电脑的用途 1．搜索信息，获得更多新知识 (knowledge)，有助于我们学习； 2．听歌、看电影等有利于我们放松心情； 3．可以结交来自全世界的朋友，与他人保持联系。 你的观点或建议 （合理使用电脑） 不少于两点。 注意： ①不少于80词（文章开头已给出，不计入词数）； ②不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Nowadays, the computer plays a very important role in our society. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$