精品解析：天津市汇文中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

汇文中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级英语学科期中考试试卷 听力第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman sound? A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Puzzled. 2. When did Mr. Smith's lecture begin? A. At 2:00. B. At 3:00. C. At 4:00. 3. What is the woman doing probably? A. Sending an email. B. Reading a newspaper. C. Writing a paper. 4. What does the man buy for the woman? A. A pair of shoes. B. A chocolate bar. C. A coat. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A car crash. B. The weather. C. The traffic. 听力第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Why is the man unhappy? A. He read bad news. B. He was frightened by a rat. C. He is tired of doing research. 7. What was killed by rat poison last year? A. Two owls. B. One hawk. C. Two bald eagles. 8. Where does the man work? A. At a laboratory. B. At a TV station. C. At a middle school. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What will the woman get for the man? A. Chicken. B. Batteries. C. A mouse. 10. What does the man offer to do? A. Do the shopping. B. Make a call. C. Cook dinner. 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Roommates. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Where does the plane leave from? A. Shanghai. B. Berlin. C. Paris. 13. What can the listeners do? A. Play computer games. B. Watch some films. C. Enjoy music. 14. What will the listeners do next? A. Order food and drinks. B. Listen to some safety rules. C. Prepare to get on the plane. 15. What is the speaker probably? A. A guide. B. A teacher. C. A flight attendant. 单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. —Mum, do you mind if I invite some friends to my birthday party? —________. It’ll be more interesting. A. By no means B. Yes, of course C. Don’t worry D. No doubt 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——妈妈，你介意我邀请一些朋友来参加我的生日聚会吗？——当然不介意。那样聚会会更有趣。A. By no means一点也不；B. Yes, of course是的，当然；C. Don’t worry不要担心；D. No doubt毫无疑问。由“It’ll be more interesting”可知，妈妈不介意一些朋友来参加聚会，空格处用“一点也不”。故选A。 2. In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _____ in personality. A. contact B. contrast C. connection D. conflict 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在处理公共关系时，我们应该努力防止性格上的冲突。contact“接触，联系，交往”；contrast“对比；差别；对照物”； connection“联系，关系”；conflict“争论，冲突”。根据：在处理公共关系时，要阻止性格上的冲突。故选D。 【点睛】 3. To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ________ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired. A. took up B. caught on C. carried out D. made up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了保持健康，约翰逊教授退休后把骑自行车作为一种常规的锻炼方式。A. took up开始从事；B. caught on变得流行；C. carried out实施；D. made up编造。由“cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired”可知，句子表示“为了保持健康，约翰逊教授退休后开始骑自行车”，空格处意为“开始从事”。故选A。 4. Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。 5. Some people believe that ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. whichever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：一些人相信，无论以前发生过什么，或者现在正在发生什么，将来都会重演。A. whoever无论谁；B. however无论多么；C. whatever无论什么；D. whichever无论哪个。“_______ has happened before or is happening now”是主语从句，是that宾语从句中的主语，主语从句中缺少主语，句子表示“无论以前发生过什么，或者现在正在发生什么，将来都会重演”，因此用whatever引导主语从句，故选C。 6. I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。 7. I hope I will not be called on in class as I’m not yet ________ prepared. A. attentively B. readily C. actively D. adequately 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我希望在课堂上我不会被叫起来回答问题，因为我没有做好充分的准备。A. attentively认真地；B. readily容易地；C. actively积极地；D. adequately充分地。由语意可知，我之所以不希望被叫起来回答问题是因为我没有做足够的准备。故选D项。 8. — Mum, I find English challenging! — Hold on, honey! You will be in a state of enjoyment if you make ______ efforts. A. frequent B. temporary C. occasional D. constant 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】A. frequent频繁的，经常的；B. temporary暂时的；C. occasional偶尔的；D. constant不断的，持续的，永恒的。句意：---妈妈，我发现英语很有挑战性。 -----坚持住，亲爱的。如果你做出持续的努力，很快就会享受学习英语了。根据句意可知选D。 9. I can’t find my glasses. I ________ them in the library yesterday, but I’m not certain. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意：我找不到我的眼镜。我昨天可能把它们忘在图书馆了，但我不确定。由“them in the library yesterday, but I’m not certain”可知，句子表示“我昨天可能把它们忘在图书馆了，但我不确定”，空格处所在句子是对过去事情的推测，could have done意为“可能做过某事”，故选D。 10. In the dark street, they wasn’t a single person, _______ she could turn for help. A. to whom B. whom C. to which D. which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个人是她可以求助的。分析可知，“_______ she could turn for help”应是之前名词“a single person”的非限制性定语从句，将先行词还原，从句应是：she could turn to a single person for help，其中，turn to sb. for help，固定短语，“向某人求助”，因此先行词在从句中作to的宾语，应用关系代词whom，从句中缺少固定短语介词“to”，可将其放置whom前，构成“介词+关系代词”结构引导从句，即to whom。故选A项。 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） The box arrived. Inside was the sample of my company’s first product. To ____11____ the box, I used something ____12____ from my past. It was a pocket knife given by my ____13____. Dad worked many jobs but never ____14____ much. To lead a better life, I ____15____ early that I’d go to college. Dad told me that I would need to ____16____ for it by myself, so I started doing different jobs, including ____17____ my dad at work. At that time, my dad worked as a courier (快递员). Usually, we’d break down boxes, ____18____a pocket knife back and forth. ____19____, he gave me my own knife. It felt like a gesture of ____20____. At 17, I earned the right to be seen as a work partner and have my own ____21____. With the money I’d saved and my scholarships I became the first in my family to graduate from college. ____22____, my dad couldn’t celebrate with me as he’d passed away during my second year. I came across the knife he’d given me one day. I realized then how much it ____23____: It was the jobs that helped me earn the ____24____ to get through college, which ____25____ my life. I still keep the knife ____26____, which is why I had it that day when the ____27____arrived. I always remember the ____28____ from my dad: Make a goal and work as ____29____ as you need. He couldn’t ____30____ much, but what he did teach was priceless. 11. A. deliver B. open C. check D. keep 12. A. different B. expensive C. beautiful D. meaningful 13. A. father B. partner C. brother D. teacher 14. A. spent B. earned C. needed D. showed 15. A. discovered B. predicted C. decided D. believed 16. A. apply B. search C. pay D. ask 17. A. leaving B. visiting C. joining D. calling 18 A. moving B. waving C. carrying D. passing 19. A. Additionally B. Eventually C. Actually D. Obviously 20. A. acceptance B. kindness C. admiration D. thanks 21. A. style B. time C. tool D. place 22. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Somehow 23. A. tried B. helped C. changed D. represented 24. A. money B. right C. pride D. knowledge 25. A. transformed B. saved C. controlled D. touched 26. A. clean B. close C. sharp D. safe 27. A. sample B. request C. news D. result 28. A. gift B. memory C. lesson D. story 29. A. carefully B. seriously C. fast D. hard 30. A. take in B. work out C. pull off D. pass on 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了赚钱上大学，和父亲一起做快递员的工作。父亲送了作者一把刀，让作者赢得了被视为工作伙伴的权利，并拥有自己的工具。虽然父亲在作者大二的时候就去世了，但是他教会了作者为目标努力工作的道理。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打开盒子，我用了我过去的一些有意义的东西。A. deliver递送；B. open打开；C. check检查；D. keep保持。根据后文“It was a pocket knife”可知指用刀打开盒子，故选B。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了打开盒子，我用了我过去的一些有意义的东西。A. different不同的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文可知这把刀是父亲送给作者的，所以是有意义的。故选D。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我父亲给我的一把折刀。A. father父亲；B. partner伙伴；C. brother兄弟；D. teacher老师。根据后文“my dad worked as a courier . Usually, we’d break down boxes, 　　　　8　　　　a pocket knife back and forth. 　　　　9　　　　, he gave me my own knife. ”可知刀是父亲送的。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸做过很多工作，但从来没挣多少钱。A. spent花费；B. earned赚的；C. needed需要；D. showed展示。根据上文“Dad worked many jobs but never”中but表示转折，可知赚钱不多。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了过上更好的生活，我很早就决定要上大学。A. discovered发现；B. predicted预测；C. decided决定；D. believed相信。根据上文“To lead a better life”以及后文“early that I’d go to college”指作者为了过上更好的生活，很早决定去上大学。故选C。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸告诉我，我得自己付学费，所以我开始做不同的工作，包括和爸爸一起工作。A. apply应用；B. search搜索；C. pay支付；D. ask询问。根据后文“for it by myself”指作者要自己支付学费。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸告诉我，我得自己付学费，所以我开始做不同的工作，包括和爸爸一起工作。A. leaving离开；B. visiting拜访；C. joining加入；D. calling打电话。根据后文“my dad at work”指作者和父亲一起工作，即加入父亲。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们会拆盒子，用小刀来回移动。A. moving移动；B. waving挥动；C. carrying搬运；D. passing通过。根据后文“a pocket knife back and forth”可知小刀来回移动来拆盒子。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他给了我自己的刀。A. Additionally另外；B. Eventually终于；C. Actually实际上；D. Obviously显然。根据后文“he gave me my own knife”可知父亲最后给了作者刀。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这感觉像是一种接受的姿态。A. acceptance接受；B. kindness善良；C. admiration钦佩；D. thanks感谢。根据后文“At 17, I earned the right to be seen as a work partner”可知父亲给作者刀是接受作者是自己的工作伙伴。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：17岁时，我赢得了被视为工作伙伴的权利，并拥有自己的工具。A. style风格；B. time时间；C. tool工具；D. place地方。根据上文“he gave me my own knife”可知作者有了自己的工作工具。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的父亲不能和我一起庆祝，因为他在我大二就去世了。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Besides此外；D. Somehow不知怎么。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. tried尝试；B. helped帮助；C. changed改变；D. represented代表。根据上文“I realized then how much it”可知，此处指这把刀背后代表的重要意义，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. money钱；B. right权利；C. pride自豪；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“get through college”可知，是工作帮助作者挣钱读完大学，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. transformed转变；B. saved拯救；C. controlled控制；D. touched触碰。上大学改变了作者的生活，让作者不必像父亲那样辛苦。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然让刀保持锋利，这就是为什么当样品到达的那天我要用它。A. clean干净的；B. close近的；C. sharp锋利的；D. safe安全的。结合常识，多使用刀是为了让它保持锋利。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然让刀保持锋利，这就是为什么当样品到达的那天我要用它。A. sample样品；B. request要求；C. news新闻；D. result结果。呼应第一段“Inside was the sample of my company’s first product.”指样品到达。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得父亲给我的经验教训：定一个目标，然后努力工作。A. gift礼物；B. memory记忆；C. lesson经验教训，课程；D. story故事。根据后文“what he did teach was priceless”可知，指父亲教给作者的经验教训。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得父亲给我经验教训：定一个目标，然后努力工作。A. carefully仔细地；B. seriously严肃地；C. fast快速地；D. hard努力地。根据上文“Make a goal and work as”可知制定目标就要去努力为之工作。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他传授得不多，但他所教的是无价之宝。A. take in理解；B. work out解决；C. pull off赢得，完成；D. pass on传授，传递。根据后文“much, but what he did teach was priceless”此处指父亲传授给作者的人生经验，虽然不多，但是无价。故选D。 阅读理解（每题2分，共30分） A How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. Check out a book. While libraries still loan out (出借) books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up. Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded with information in many formats (载体形式). You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown. Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions aimed at various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce (商会) and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need. 31. Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by______. A. sharing their books on the Internet B. giving access to online reading at a library branch C. sending a needed book to a library branch nearby D. making the checkout procedures diverse 32. As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows ______. A. the kid to learn a new language B. the parent to enjoy quiet reading C. the kid to overcome reading difficulties D. the parent to meet their program sponsor 33. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To point out the importance of public libraries. B. To encourage people to work in public libraries. C. To introduce the improved services of public libraries. D To call for the modernization of public library systems. 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何使用现代公共图书馆的方法以及现代公共图书馆的提升与改善。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“While libraries still loan out (出借) books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.”（当图书馆还在出借图书时，你会发现，借助于区域图书馆的合作网络，你可以更容易地得到你想要的任何东西。通过这样的网络，图书馆通过运输工具彼此分享他们的书籍。一旦你要的书送到最近的分馆，他们会通过电子邮件通知你，你就可以去取了。）可知，通过合作网络连接的公共图书馆可以将读者想要的书籍送到附近的分馆，方便读者，读者因此受益。故选C项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.”（当你安静地坐在一个角落里看一本好书的时候，你可能会发现带着你的小孩去听半个小时的故事是一件很轻松的事情。）可知，带小孩去听半个小时的故事，家长可以自己坐在一个角落安静地看书，享受自己安静看书的美好时光。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章总领段第一段“Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.”（你上次去公共图书馆是什么时候？如果是这样，你可能会惊讶地发现，图书馆已经变得更好了。）以及“They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.”（它们已经把自己变成了一个可以在那里培养自己对知识的热爱，结识有趣的人，或者找到如何创业方法的地方。），再结合下文所罗列的现代公共图书馆的提升与改善可知，文章的意图主要是介绍已改善的公共图书馆服务。故选C项。 B When Breath Becomes Air is an autobiography about Paul Kalanithi’s experiences as a doctor and as a terminally ill patient. The book discusses Kalanithi’s longtime fascination with questions of human biology, mortality (必死的命运), and meaning. It then examines how these questions are heightened by the author’s own confrontation (冲突) with lung cancer, sickness, and death. Kalanithi’s father was a doctor from New York City. The family moved to Kingman, Arizona, so that his father could pursue his medical career when Paul was young. His father worked long hours and was rarely home, which convinced young Paul that the last thing he wanted to do was to become a doctor himself. Paul’s mother was concerned about the weak school system in Kingman, and so made a long list of literary classics which she made Paul and his brothers read. As a result, Paul became fascinated by literature. He attended Stanford University, from which he graduated in 2000 with a B.A. and M.A. in English Literature and a B.A. in Human Biology. He earned an M. Phil in History and Philosophy of Science and Medicine from the University of Cambridge. In 2007, Paul graduated from the Yale School of Medicine with the highest honors. He returned to Stanford for residency training (住院实习) in Neurological Surgery. As he neared the end of his 7-year residency he was diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. The hopes and dreams he and Lucy, his wife, have held to are dramatically changed. When Breath Becomes Air gives an account of Kalanithi’s transformation from an innocent medical student troubled by the question of “what, given that all organisms die, makes a virtuous and meaningful life” into a young neurosurgeon (神经外科医生) at Stanford, guiding patients toward a deeper understanding of death and illness, and finally into a patient and a new father to a baby girl, confronting his own mortality. What makes life worth living in the face of death? What do you do when the future, no longer a ladder toward your goals in life, flattens out into a continuous present? What does it mean to have a child, to care for a new life as another fades away? These are some of the questions Kalanithi wrestles with in this deeply moving, delicately observed autobiography. Paul Kalanithi died in March 2015, while working on this book, yet his words live on as a guide and a gift to us all. “I began to realize that coming face to face with my own mortality, in a sense, had changed nothing and everything,” he wrote. “Seven words from Samuel Beckett began to repeat in my head: ‘I can’t go on. I’ll go on.’” When Breath Becomes Air is an unforgettable, life-confirming reflection on the challenge of facing mortality and on the relationship between doctor and patient, from a gifted writer who became both. 34. What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A. What led to the diagnosis of Kalanithi’s lung cancer. B. Why Kalanithi changed his mind to become a doctor. C. When Kalanithi decided to follow in his father’s footsteps. D. How Kalanithi developed his interest in English literature. 35. Kalanithi began to seek the meaning of life _______. A. when he was a medical student B. when he became a neurosurgeon C. when he studied English literature D. when he was diagnosed with cancer 36. What would the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. try to move something large, heavy, or difficult to move B. to fight someone by holding, pulling or pushing them C. try to understand or find a solution to something tough D. to take part in a wrestling match with someone 37. Why are several questions presented in Paragraph 3? A. Readers asked them out of curiosity about his life. B. The editor put forward them for the readers to think about. C. His patients discussed the value of life with them. D. The writer finished his transformation by thinking over them. 38. Which of the following words can be used to best describe the book? A. Discouraging. B. Reflective. C. Delightful. D. Controversial. 【答案】34. D 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kalanithi在其母亲的影响下对文学产生兴趣，并且在做医学学生的时候开始对生命产生思考，最后写出了具有很大影响的自传。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了Kalanithi一家人在其小时候的生活，表明了他的母亲对他的影响，并且讲述了他对英语文学兴趣的养成过程，故选D。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。答案定位在第二段He returned to Stanford for residency training (住院实习) in Neurological Surgery. As he neared the end of his 7-year residency he was diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. The hopes and dreams he and Lucy, his wife, have held to are dramatically changed.可知Kalanithi在做医学学生的时候开始思考生命的意义，故选A。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。What does it mean to have a child, to care for a new life as another fades away? These are some of the questions Kalanithi wrestles with in this deeply moving, delicately observed autobiography.（有孩子意味着什么，当另一个生命逝去时，你要照顾一个新的生命?这些是卡拉尼蒂在这本感人肺腑、观察细致的自传中挣扎的一些问题。）“wrestles with”意思是“挣扎”，故选C。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，Kalanithi对生命产生思考，正是这些思考，使得他完成了转化，故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。答案定位在第一段The book discusses Kalanithi's longtime fascination with questions of human biology，mortality （死亡率），and meaning．（这本书讨论了Kalanithi对人类生物学、死亡和意义等问题的长期迷恋）可知这本书提出的问题都是能够反射出一些问题的，所以这本书是有反射性的，故选B。 C Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space. This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling. This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming.Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer tree covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling. We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth. 39. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may__________. A. result in a warming climate B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently C. lead to a longer fire season D. protect the forests and the environment there 40. The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere B. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase C. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space D. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun 41. Earlier studies about northern forest fires A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere C. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environment D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming 42. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may A. warm the climate as the supposition goes B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy 【答案】39. A 40. C 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要讲述了发生在阿拉斯加，加拿大和西伯利亚的北部大火对当地的气候所产生的影响，大火过后，树木都被烧没有了，会让更多的雪反射阳光进太空反而是让温度变低。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions.(这一发现表明，采取措施防止北方森林减少温室气体的释放，可能会使北方地区的气候变暖。)”可知，这样的措施最终可能导致了北部地区的气候变暖。故选A项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The following spring however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer tree covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.( 然而，第二年春天，火灾区域内的土地比火灾前更明亮，因为覆盖地面的树木更少。地面上的雪将更多的阳光反射回太空，导致降温。)”可知，地上的雪反射阳光这是大火的间接的影响，是在第二年春天的时候发生的事情，并不是immediate effects。故选C项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.(其他科学家的早期研究表明，北部地区的火灾会加速气候变暖，因为燃烧树木和植物产生的温室气体会释放到大气中，从而锁住热量。)”可知，早期研究表明火灾会加速气候变暖。故选D项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.(与阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖的假设相反，科学家们发现，在被烧毁的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区，可能会出现降温。)”可知，从这个研究中得到的结论是让更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空中，从而使气候变凉。故选B项。 D When people have positive feelings for one another then they are able to sit down and talk about what really matters, that is, the true purpose and meaning of life. When envy and jealousy flee, truth has a rich soil to grow and ripen. In order to really talk, people have to be willing to admit their weakness, and open up. But if there is anger, envy, jealousy or feelings of superiority, truth cannot exist because everyone is measuring what they are saying, trying to avoid making themselves vulnerable in any way. Perhaps the biggest truth-killers of all are envy and jealousy. Envy is desiring what someone else has, while jealousy is feeling unhappy that someone has something that you would like. The objects of envy and jealousy can be material possessions such as jewelry and houses, and other intangibles such as popularity and respect. Most of us hold back when we think about being envious or jealous. But do we really understand how these feelings express themselves? It`s not always so obvious—unless we slow down and examine ourselves, we may miss the signs. We think to ourselves: That person who just won that award/contract/position doesn’t deserve it. She thinks her child’s so great but he’s not very good and is really a mediocre guy. Who does he think he is—he doesn’t know anything about that subject. We may not in truth want what the other person has, but we don’t want them to have it either. This is what we call “Dead-end Envy”. It’s the feeling of dissatisfaction that occurs when someone else owns/achieves something and you aren’t happy about it. If you turn envy or “Dead-end Envy” inside out, you get schadenfreude (幸灾乐祸), taking pleasure in someone else`s misfortune. In an earlier study, “neural correlates (神经关联) of envy and schadenfreude were tied together, with the magnitude (量级) of one predicting the strength of the other,” says researcher Matthew D. Lieberman who specializes in respect and how people get along. Can envy ever be positive? In terms of motivating people to push themselves to succeed—yes. But in terms of personal relationships? That’s harder to prove a positive. Once you accept that someone is your superior in one aspect or another, or has been blessed with a unique talent or quality, and they become a role model, envy may turn into something else, respect. 43. The author intends to tell us that when people talk with others, ________. A. envy and jealousy are unavoidable B. people don’t need to be open up C. people should measure what they are saying D. positive feelings help talk deeply. 44. About envy and jealousy, the author thinks that ________. A. there is no difference between them B. most people are willing to accept them C. they have a bad influence on truth D. they are easy to understand and recognize 45. What does the underlined word “mediocre” mean? A. Ordinary. B. Useless. C. Outstanding. D. Unique. 46. What can we conclude from Paragraph 7? A. Envy is the opposite of schadenfreude. B. “Dead-end Envy” can lead to schadenfreude. C. People with envy or jealousy have no sympathy. D. People always want what others have. 47. What is the best title of the passage? A. Envy and Jealousy, the Power of Success B. The Harmfulness of Envy and Jealousy C. How to Overcome Envy and Jealousy Successfully D. Envy and Jealousy and Their Effects 【答案】43. D 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是羡慕和嫉妒及它们的影响。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In order to really talk, people have to be willing to admit their weakness, and open up.(要想真正交谈，人们必须愿意承认自己的弱点，并敞开心扉。)”可知，作者想告诉我们，当人们与他人交谈时，积极的情绪有助于深入交谈。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“But if there is anger, envy, jealousy or feelings of superiority, truth cannot exist because everyone is measuring what they are saying, trying to avoid making themselves vulnerable in any way.(但如果存在愤怒、羡慕、嫉妒或优越感，真理就不可能存在，因为每个人都在衡量他们所说的话，试图避免以任何方式让自己变得脆弱。)”可知，关于羡慕和嫉妒，作者认为它们对真理有不良的影响，故选C。 【45题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第三段的“he’s not very good(他不是很好)”可知，她认为自己的孩子好，别的孩子不好，也就是别的孩子很普通，因此划线词“mediocre”意为“普通的”，和ordinary意思相近，故选A。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段的“If you turn envy or “Dead-end Envy” inside out, you get schadenfreude (幸灾乐祸)(如果你把羡慕或“陷入死胡同的嫉妒”从里到外表现出来，你就会幸灾乐祸)”可知，从第7段我们可以得出“陷入死胡同的嫉妒”会导致幸灾乐祸。故选B。 【47题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“In order to really talk, people have to be willing to admit their weakness, and open up. But if there is anger, envy, jealousy or feelings of superiority, truth cannot exist(但如果存在愤怒、羡慕、嫉妒或优越感，真理就不可能存在)”和第三段的“Perhaps the biggest truth-killers of all are envy and jealousy.(也许最大的真相杀手是羡慕和嫉妒。)”可知，本文主要讲的是羡慕和嫉妒，并列举了它们的影响，因此D选项“Envy and Jealousy and Their Effects(羡慕和嫉妒及它们的影响)”是最好的题目，故选D。 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Stress is a condition that arises due to tension and other related factors. Although modem life has brought about many positive changes in our lives, yet there is one thing it has contributed greatly to, and that is mental and physical stress. Many stressful situations arise in our everyday life and in such situations it becomes hard to remain calm. There are various tips and techniques that can help one overcome stress. One of the most advocated stress management techniques is breathing exercises. It can be done at any time of the day and at any place. Irregular, shallow breathing is observed when a person is stressed. So one must concentrate or their breathing pattern and try to take deep and regular breaths. Deep breathing is one of the best ways to alleviate stress. When a person takes deep breaths, an extra amount of oxygen enters the body. This inflow (流入) of oxygen helps in relaxing the muscles, of the body, calming the mind as well as waking up the brain, thereby easing the person’s stress that he is going through. A well-balanced diet is crucial for maintaining healthy and helping to manage stress. A healthy diet involves al the essential nutrition in adequate amounts. Eating a good, healthy and nutritious breakfast is a good way to start your day and keep the energy levels up throughout the day. Eating five small meals instead of three large ones help in keeping a person energized too. The most important of all stress management activities is to manage one’s time well. To do this, planning ahead is very essential. Doing the most important tasks first, followed by the lesser important ones. will help too. By being consistent with one’s work will help in better time management. Besides the above activities, it is very important that a person gets adequate sleep every day to stay energized throughout the day. Besides, one should also take steps to prevent stress. All these can help to reduce stress and yield positive outcomes. 48. What stress management tips are mentioned in the passage? (No more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________ 49. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in paragraph 2 mean? (No more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________ 50. What are the benefits of deep breaths? (No more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________ 51. What is a healthy diet? (No more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________ 52. How can you deal with your stress? (No more than 20 words) _____________________________________________________ 【答案】48. Breathing exercises, a well-balanced diet, time management, adequate sleep. 49. Ease/Reduce. 50. It can relax the muscles, calm the mind and make up the brain. 51. It involves all the essential nutrition in adequate amounts. 52. By listening to light music. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何管理和减轻压力。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One of the most advocated stress management techniques is breathing exercises.(最受推崇的压力管理技巧之一是呼吸练习。)”，第三段“A well-balanced diet is crucial for maintaining healthy and helping to manage stress.(均衡的饮食对保持健康和控制压力至关重要。)”，第四段“The most important of all stress management activities is to manage one’s time well.(所有压力管理活动中最重要的是管理好自己的时间。)”和最后一段“Besides the above activities, it is very important that a person gets adequate sleep every day to stay energized throughout the day.(除了上述活动，一个人每天获得充足的睡眠以保持全天精力充沛是非常重要的。)”可知，文中提到的压力管理技巧包括：呼吸锻炼，均衡饮食，时间管理和适当的睡眠。故答案为Breathing exercises, a well-balanced diet, time management, adequate sleep. 【49题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“When a person takes deep breaths, an extra amount of oxygen enters the body. This inflow (流入) of oxygen helps in relaxing the muscles, of the body, calming the mind as well as waking up the brain, thereby easing the person’s stress that he is going through.(当一个人深呼吸时，会有额外的氧气进入身体。这种氧气的流入有助于放松身体的肌肉，平静心灵，唤醒大脑，从而缓解人们正在经历的压力。)”可知，深呼吸是减少压力的最好方式之一，故可以推测出“alleviate”为“减少，缓解”之意，即Ease/Reduce。故答案为Ease/Reduce. 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When a person takes deep breaths, an extra amount of oxygen enters the body. This inflow (流入) of oxygen helps in relaxing the muscles, of the body, calming the mind as well as waking up the brain, thereby easing the person’s stress that he is going through.(当一个人深呼吸时，会有额外的氧气进入身体。这种氧气的流入有助于放松身体的肌肉，平静心灵，唤醒大脑，从而缓解人们正在经历的压力。)”可知，深呼吸可以放松肌肉，冷静思维和唤醒大脑。故答案为It can relax the muscles, calm the mind and make up the brain. 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A healthy diet involves al the essential nutrition in adequate amounts.(健康的饮食包括所有必需的营养，而且要足够。)”可知，健康饮食包含足够量的基本的营养。故答案为It involves all the essential nutrition in adequate amounts. 【52题详解】 开放题。根据实际情况，我通过听轻音乐来处理压力，故答案为By listening to light music. 66. 写作（15分） 53. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，近日你校英语社团的微信公众号准备增加一个新栏目。请你从以下三个备选栏目（职业规划、学生风采、校园文化）中挑选一个栏目，给公众号负责人Mr. Zhang写一封邮件进行推荐，并陈述你的理由。 注意：（1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：公众号Official WeChat 栏目column 职业规划Career Planning 学生风采Our Students 校园文化Campus Culture Dear Mr. Zhang, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Jin 【答案】Dear Mr. Zhang, Delighted to know a new column will be added in our English Club’s Official WeChat Accounts, I’m writing to offer my recommendation to you. I would like to choose “Career Planning” to be the one to be added. A large number of students still have no idea about what they truly want to become in the future, so it’s quite urgent and necessary to give students basic understanding of what different kinds of jobs are like. This may help us gain a better understanding of our strengths and weakness so that we can figure out our goals. I would be most grateful if you would like to consider my recommendation. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给公众号负责人Mr. Zhang写一封邮件，推荐增加新栏目。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→pleased 提供：offer→provide 必要的：necessary→essential 感激的：grateful→thankful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I would like to choose “Career Planning” to be the one to be added. 拓展句：I would like to choose “Career Planning” to be the one that will be added. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A large number of students still have no idea about what they truly want to become in the future, so it’s quite urgent and necessary to give students basic understanding of what different kinds of jobs are like. (运用了what引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] I would be most grateful if you would like to consider my recommendation. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 汇文中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级英语学科期中考试试卷 听力第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman sound? A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Puzzled. 2. When did Mr. Smith's lecture begin? A At 2:00. B. At 3:00. C. At 4:00. 3. What is the woman doing probably? A. Sending an email. B. Reading a newspaper. C. Writing a paper. 4. What does the man buy for the woman? A. A pair of shoes. B. A chocolate bar. C. A coat. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A car crash. B. The weather. C. The traffic. 听力第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Why is the man unhappy? A. He read bad news. B. He was frightened by a rat. C. He is tired of doing research. 7. What was killed by rat poison last year? A. Two owls. B. One hawk. C. Two bald eagles. 8. Where does the man work? A. At a laboratory. B. At a TV station. C. At a middle school. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What will the woman get for the man? A. Chicken. B. Batteries. C. A mouse. 10. What does the man offer to do? A. Do the shopping. B. Make a call. C. Cook dinner. 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Roommates. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Where does the plane leave from? A. Shanghai. B. Berlin. C. Paris. 13 What can the listeners do? A. Play computer games. B. Watch some films. C. Enjoy music. 14. What will the listeners do next? A. Order food and drinks. B. Listen to some safety rules. C. Prepare to get on the plane. 15. What is the speaker probably? A. A guide. B. A teacher. C. A flight attendant. 单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. —Mum, do you mind if I invite some friends to my birthday party? —________. It’ll be more interesting. A. By no means B. Yes, of course C. Don’t worry D. No doubt 2. In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _____ in personality. A. contact B. contrast C. connection D. conflict 3. To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ________ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired. A. took up B. caught on C. carried out D. made up 4. Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with 5. Some people believe that ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. whichever 6. I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage but I couldn’t manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope 7 I hope I will not be called on in class as I’m not yet ________ prepared. A. attentively B. readily C. actively D. adequately 8. — Mum, I find English challenging! — Hold on, honey! You will be in a state of enjoyment if you make ______ efforts. A. frequent B. temporary C. occasional D. constant 9. I can’t find my glasses. I ________ them in the library yesterday, but I’m not certain. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 10. In the dark street, they wasn’t a single person, _______ she could turn for help. A. to whom B. whom C. to which D. which 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） The box arrived. Inside was the sample of my company’s first product. To ____11____ the box, I used something ____12____ from my past. It was a pocket knife given by my ____13____. Dad worked many jobs but never ____14____ much. To lead a better life, I ____15____ early that I’d go to college. Dad told me that I would need to ____16____ for it by myself, so I started doing different jobs, including ____17____ my dad at work. At that time, my dad worked as a courier (快递员). Usually, we’d break down boxes, ____18____a pocket knife back and forth. ____19____, he gave me my own knife. It felt like a gesture of ____20____. At 17, I earned the right to be seen as a work partner and have my own ____21____. With the money I’d saved and my scholarships, I became the first in my family to graduate from college. ____22____, my dad couldn’t celebrate with me as he’d passed away during my second year. I came across the knife he’d given me one day. I realized then how much it ____23____: It was the jobs that helped me earn the ____24____ to get through college, which ____25____ my life. I still keep the knife ____26____, which is why I had it that day when the ____27____arrived. I always remember the ____28____ from my dad: Make a goal and work as ____29____ as you need. He couldn’t ____30____ much, but what he did teach was priceless. 11. A. deliver B. open C. check D. keep 12. A. different B. expensive C. beautiful D. meaningful 13. A. father B. partner C. brother D. teacher 14. A. spent B. earned C. needed D. showed 15. A. discovered B. predicted C. decided D. believed 16. A. apply B. search C. pay D. ask 17. A. leaving B. visiting C. joining D. calling 18. A. moving B. waving C. carrying D. passing 19. A. Additionally B. Eventually C. Actually D. Obviously 20. A. acceptance B. kindness C. admiration D. thanks 21. A. style B. time C. tool D. place 22. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Somehow 23. A. tried B. helped C. changed D. represented 24. A. money B. right C. pride D. knowledge 25. A. transformed B. saved C. controlled D. touched 26. A. clean B. close C. sharp D. safe 27. A. sample B. request C. news D. result 28. A. gift B. memory C. lesson D. story 29. A. carefully B. seriously C. fast D. hard 30. A. take in B. work out C. pull off D. pass on 阅读理解（每题2分，共30分） A How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. Check out a book. While libraries still loan out (出借) books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up. Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded with information in many formats (载体形式). You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown. Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions aimed at various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce (商会) and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need. 31. Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by______. A. sharing their books on the Internet B. giving access to online reading at a library branch C. sending a needed book to a library branch nearby D. making the checkout procedures diverse 32. As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows ______. A. the kid to learn a new language B. the parent to enjoy quiet reading C. the kid to overcome reading difficulties D. the parent to meet their program sponsor 33 What is the purpose of the passage? A. To point out the importance of public libraries. B. To encourage people to work in public libraries. C. To introduce the improved services of public libraries. D. To call for the modernization of public library systems. B When Breath Becomes Air is an autobiography about Paul Kalanithi’s experiences as a doctor and as a terminally ill patient. The book discusses Kalanithi’s longtime fascination with questions of human biology, mortality (必死的命运), and meaning. It then examines how these questions are heightened by the author’s own confrontation (冲突) with lung cancer, sickness, and death. Kalanithi’s father was a doctor from New York City. The family moved to Kingman, Arizona, so that his father could pursue his medical career when Paul was young. His father worked long hours and was rarely home, which convinced young Paul that the last thing he wanted to do was to become a doctor himself. Paul’s mother was concerned about the weak school system in Kingman, and so made a long list of literary classics which she made Paul and his brothers read. As a result, Paul became fascinated by literature. He attended Stanford University, from which he graduated in 2000 with a B.A. and M.A. in English Literature and a B.A. in Human Biology. He earned an M. Phil in History and Philosophy of Science and Medicine from the University of Cambridge. In 2007, Paul graduated from the Yale School of Medicine with the highest honors. He returned to Stanford for residency training (住院实习) in Neurological Surgery. As he neared the end of his 7-year residency he was diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. The hopes and dreams he and Lucy, his wife, have held to are dramatically changed. When Breath Becomes Air gives an account of Kalanithi’s transformation from an innocent medical student troubled by the question of “what, given that all organisms die, makes a virtuous and meaningful life” into a young neurosurgeon (神经外科医生) at Stanford, guiding patients toward a deeper understanding of death and illness, and finally into a patient and a new father to a baby girl, confronting his own mortality. What makes life worth living in the face of death? What do you do when the future, no longer a ladder toward your goals in life, flattens out into a continuous present? What does it mean to have a child, to care for a new life as another fades away? These are some of the questions Kalanithi wrestles with in this deeply moving, delicately observed autobiography. Paul Kalanithi died in March 2015, while working on this book, yet his words live on as a guide and a gift to us all. “I began to realize that coming face to face with my own mortality, in a sense, had changed nothing and everything,” he wrote. “Seven words from Samuel Beckett began to repeat in my head: ‘I can’t go on. I’ll go on.’” When Breath Becomes Air is an unforgettable, life-confirming reflection on the challenge of facing mortality and on the relationship between doctor and patient, from a gifted writer who became both. 34. What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A. What led to the diagnosis of Kalanithi’s lung cancer. B. Why Kalanithi changed his mind to become a doctor. C. When Kalanithi decided to follow in his father’s footsteps. D. How Kalanithi developed his interest in English literature. 35. Kalanithi began to seek the meaning of life _______. A. when he was a medical student B. when he became a neurosurgeon C. when he studied English literature D. when he was diagnosed with cancer 36. What would the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. try to move something large, heavy, or difficult to move B. to fight someone by holding, pulling or pushing them C. try to understand or find a solution to something tough D. to take part in a wrestling match with someone 37. Why are several questions presented in Paragraph 3? A. Readers asked them out of curiosity about his life. B. The editor put forward them for the readers to think about. C. His patients discussed the value of life with them. D. The writer finished his transformation by thinking over them. 38. Which of the following words can be used to best describe the book? A. Discouraging. B. Reflective. C. Delightful. D. Controversial. C Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space. This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling. This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming.Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer tree covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling. We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth. 39. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may__________. A. result in a warming climate B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently C. lead to a longer fire season D. protect the forests and the environment there 40. The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere B. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase C. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space D. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun 41. Earlier studies about northern forest fires A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere C. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environment D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming 42. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may A. warm the climate as the supposition goes B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy D When people have positive feelings for one another then they are able to sit down and talk about what really matters, that is, the true purpose and meaning of life. When envy and jealousy flee, truth has a rich soil to grow and ripen. In order to really talk, people have to be willing to admit their weakness, and open up. But if there is anger, envy, jealousy or feelings of superiority, truth cannot exist because everyone is measuring what they are saying, trying to avoid making themselves vulnerable in any way. Perhaps the biggest truth-killers of all are envy and jealousy. Envy is desiring what someone else has, while jealousy is feeling unhappy that someone has something that you would like. The objects of envy and jealousy can be material possessions such as jewelry and houses, and other intangibles such as popularity and respect. Most of us hold back when we think about being envious or jealous. But do we really understand how these feelings express themselves? It`s not always so obvious—unless we slow down and examine ourselves, we may miss the signs. We think to ourselves: That person who just won that award/contract/position doesn’t deserve it. She thinks her child’s so great but he’s not very good and is really a mediocre guy. Who does he think he is—he doesn’t know anything about that subject. We may not in truth want what the other person has, but we don’t want them to have it either. This is what we call “Dead-end Envy”. It’s the feeling of dissatisfaction that occurs when someone else owns/achieves something and you aren’t happy about it. If you turn envy or “Dead-end Envy” inside out, you get schadenfreude (幸灾乐祸), taking pleasure in someone else`s misfortune. In an earlier study, “neural correlates (神经关联) of envy and schadenfreude were tied together, with the magnitude (量级) of one predicting the strength of the other,” says researcher Matthew D. Lieberman who specializes in respect and how people get along. Can envy ever be positive? In terms of motivating people to push themselves to succeed—yes. But in terms of personal relationships? That’s harder to prove a positive. Once you accept that someone is your superior in one aspect or another, or has been blessed with a unique talent or quality, and they become a role model, envy may turn into something else, respect. 43. The author intends to tell us that when people talk with others, ________. A. envy and jealousy are unavoidable B. people don’t need to be open up C. people should measure what they are saying D. positive feelings help talk deeply. 44. About envy and jealousy, the author thinks that ________. A. there is no difference between them B. most people are willing to accept them C. they have a bad influence on truth D. they are easy to understand and recognize 45. What does the underlined word “mediocre” mean? A. Ordinary. B. Useless. C. Outstanding. D. Unique. 46. What can we conclude from Paragraph 7? A. Envy is the opposite of schadenfreude. B. “Dead-end Envy” can lead to schadenfreude. C. People with envy or jealousy have no sympathy. D. People always want what others have. 47. What is the best title of the passage? A. Envy and Jealousy, the Power of Success B. The Harmfulness of Envy and Jealousy C. How to Overcome Envy and Jealousy Successfully D. Envy and Jealousy and Their Effects 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Stress is a condition that arises due to tension and other related factors. Although modem life has brought about many positive changes in our lives, yet there is one thing it has contributed greatly to, and that is mental and physical stress. Many stressful situations arise in our everyday life and in such situations it becomes hard to remain calm. There are various tips and techniques that can help one overcome stress. One of the most advocated stress management techniques is breathing exercises. It can be done at any time of the day and at any place. Irregular, shallow breathing is observed when a person is stressed. So one must concentrate or their breathing pattern and try to take deep and regular breaths. Deep breathing is one of the best ways to alleviate stress. When a person takes deep breaths, an extra amount of oxygen enters the body. This inflow (流入) of oxygen helps in relaxing the muscles, of the body, calming the mind as well as waking up the brain, thereby easing the person’s stress that he is going through. A well-balanced diet is crucial for maintaining healthy and helping to manage stress. A healthy diet involves al the essential nutrition in adequate amounts. Eating a good, healthy and nutritious breakfast is a good way to start your day and keep the energy levels up throughout the day. Eating five small meals instead of three large ones help in keeping a person energized too. The most important of all stress management activities is to manage one’s time well. To do this, planning ahead is very essential. Doing the most important tasks first, followed by the lesser important ones. will help too. By being consistent with one’s work will help in better time management. Besides the above activities, it is very important that a person gets adequate sleep every day to stay energized throughout the day. Besides, one should also take steps to prevent stress. All these can help to reduce stress and yield positive outcomes. 48. What stress management tips are mentioned in the passage? (No more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________ 49. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in paragraph 2 mean? (No more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________ 50. What are the benefits of deep breaths? (No more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________ 51. What is a healthy diet? (No more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________ 52. How can you deal with your stress? (No more than 20 words) _____________________________________________________ 66. 写作（15分） 53. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，近日你校英语社团的微信公众号准备增加一个新栏目。请你从以下三个备选栏目（职业规划、学生风采、校园文化）中挑选一个栏目，给公众号负责人Mr. Zhang写一封邮件进行推荐，并陈述你的理由。 注意：（1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：公众号Official WeChat 栏目column 职业规划Career Planning 学生风采Our Students 校园文化Campus Culture Dear Mr. Zhang, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$