精品解析：辽宁省大连市沙河口区大连市第八中学2024-2025学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题

2024—2025学年度下学期高一年级期中测试 英语试题 （满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. When will the woman tell the man her decision? A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 2. How will the man get to the house tomorrow? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 3. What is the team’s plan for the frogs? A. To make efforts to save them. B. To catch them for food. C. To leave them in the wild. 4. When is the woman able to meet Mr Smith? A. At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 4:30. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The woman’s daughter’s achievements. B. The man’s swimming experience. C. Their children’s hobby. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the man’s father work? A. In Paris. B. In Lyon. C. In Marseille. 7. Why did the man go to Paris? A. For work. B. For study. C. For sightseeing. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Which part of the house should the woman mainly clean up? A. The kitchen. B. The bathroom. C. The living room. 9. What is the last thing the woman will do? A. Taking out the rubbish. B. Doing some washing. C. Cleaning the bathroom. 10. How much will the woman earn at most this afternoon? A. 14 dollars. B. 56 dollars. C. 70 dollars. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers most probably? A. In a sports center. B. At the man’s home. C. In a library. 12. What is wrong with the woman’s phone? A. It stores too many things. B. It has run out of power. C. It suffers water damage. 13. What is the man’s advice? A. Having the phone repaired. B. Deleting all pictures. C. Buying a new phone. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does Jeff think of his trip on the first day? A. Tiring. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. 15. Who lives in the north of New York? A. Ted. B. George. C. Edmund. 16. What was the worst part for Jeff? A. Touring by car. B. Changing the flight. C. Working on the weekend. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Workmates. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did Felix give up studying engineering? A. He didn’t like the professor. B. He was badly treated by his classmates. C. He had no confidence to learn it well. 19. What talent did Felix have? A. Managing a business. B. Communicating with others. C. Doing the accounts. 20. Where did Felix get a job? A. In Japan. B. In Canada. C. In the USA. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Elite Summer School Program for High School Students Harvard’s Elite Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Elite Program students. The application for Summer 2024 is now open. Cost: $5,550+$75 application fee 2024 Session Ⅰ: June 23-July 5, 2024 2024 Session Ⅱ: July 7-19, 2024 2024 Session Ⅲ: July 21-August 2, 2024 Who Can Participate in the Elite Program? Harvard’s Elite Program is designed for mature, academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. Our Elite Program is open to rising juniors and seniors. To be qualified for Summer 2024, you must meet both of the following criteria: ●Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026. ●Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024. Important Deadlines: ●Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024 ●Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline — February 14, 2024 ●Late Application Deadline — April 10, 2024 See the Elite Program Calendar for all important dates and deadlines. 1. Who can be the applicant for the Elite Program 2024? A. Lucy, 14, with excellent academic performance. B. Jerry, 16, expected to enter college in 2025. C. Tina, 17, a college student with broad interests. D. Tim, 19, an office worker with motivation to learn. 2. When is Priority Financial Aid Application available? A. April 10, 2024. B. February 14, 2024. C. January 9, 2024. D. July23, 2024. 3. Where is this text most likely from? A. A news report. B. A travel brochure. C. An academic paper. D. A college website. B There was no way to escape when they spotted a polar bear. Verena Mohaupt and a handful of colleagues were trapped on a floating sea ice while the bear gazed at them, smelling the air, a dangerous sign. “That’s when everything kicks in,” Mohaupt says, “and you focus on what’s important.” As a colleague fired into the sky as a warning shot, Mohaupt radioed their research ship a few kilometres away, whose helicopter luckily arrived quickly and Mohaupt didn’t have to use the gun that was hanging over her shoulder. Keeping a lookout for bears was a regular duty for Mohaupt, the logistics coordinator(后勤协调员) for a year-long mission known as the MOSAiC——the largest Arctic research exploration in history. The project, consisting of roughly 300 scientists, led by scientist MarkusRex, has collected massive measurements that will help better forecast how warming will transform the globe in the coming decades. For months, the exploration operated in constant darkness while polar bears wandered nearby, storms rocked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began to melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare for researchers who needed to keep their instruments from sinking. Tasked with the security of the mission, Mohaupt designed an extensive training course for the participants in which they learnt how to avoid the danger, like storm-rocking and ice-cracking. They jumped into a Norwegian channel in their survival suits and climbed out of the freezing waters using only their ice picks. They learnt how to escape from a crashed helicopter. And they discussed the psychological effects of being far from home. Mohaupt brought knitting equipment, yoga mats and a violin for their mental health——although having been prepared for the isolation. Mohaupt didn’t expect a career in polar regions, but says she has always been drawn to the north. “She was there to make sure that we were protected,” says Markus Rex, “Mohaupt is certainly the champion in the field.” 4. Why does the author mention a polar bear in the beginning? A. To show the threat of bears. B. To tell an interesting story. C. To introduce Mohaupt’s job. D. To describe the polar scenery. 5. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. The working conditions were tough. B. Mohaupt helped to collect massive data. C. The exploration went on in total darkness. D. Mohaupt’s duty was to protect polar bears. 6. Which of the following best describes Mohaupt? A. Ambitious and brave. B. Passionate and dependent. C. Considerate and modest. D. Professional and responsible. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A Potential Danger in the Exploration. B. A Guardian Angel of Polar Researchers. C. A Great Scientific Exploration in History. D. A Great Female Scientist in Polar Research. C A recent study has shown that wearing masks for 4 hours causes small but safe physical changes in overweight operating room staff. The researchers tested 20 obese medical workers (with a Body Mass Index, or BMI, of 30 or more). These workers used both surgical masks and N95 masks. The results showed that N95 masks caused a small increase in blood carbon dioxide levels. It went up by 3.3 mmHg, while surgical masks only made it rise by 1.9 mmHg. Also, the breathing rates went up a little. On average, using N95 masks led to 2.7 more breaths per minute, compared to 2.1 more breaths per minute with surgical masks. People who wore N95 masks said they felt more uncomfortable. They rated their breathing difficulty as 2.8 on a scale of 0–10, while those wearing surgical masks rated it as 1.3. But all these changes were still within safe limits. The research included nurses and anesthesiologists from a Chinese hospital. The participants wore each type of mask for 4 hours on different days, with a 24-hour break between the tests. Scientists carefully measured blood gases, breathing rates, and heart activity before and after their shifts. They used a 0–10 discomfort scale to record problems like headaches and hard breathing. To make it fair, the order of wearing the masks was chosen randomly, and the staff did similar tasks during both tests. Based on these findings, experts have the following suggestions: Even though N95 masks may cause a little discomfort, they should still be used in high-risk areas because they offer better protection. We must follow the existing rules and replace masks every 4 hours. To feel better, you can take short breaks from wearing the mask when it’s safe, adjust the straps, and drink enough water. Hospitals should focus on providing training on how to fit masks properly to reduce ear or face pain. In short, the study shows that although masks cause some changes that can be measured, these changes don’t put overweight medical workers at health risk during the normal 4-hour work shifts. 8. What was the main finding about N95 masks in the study? A. They caused dangerous oxygen level drops. B. They raised blood carbon dioxide slightly more than surgical masks. C. They increased heart rates significantly. D. They were preferred by most hospital workers. 9. Why did researchers randomize the order of mask use? A. To reduce participants’ physical discomfort. B. To simplify data collection processes. C. To match hospital shift schedules. D. To compare mask types fairly. 10. Which suggestion is NOT supported by the study findings? A. Taking brief mask breaks when possible. B. Replacing masks every 2 hours. C. Adjusting mask straps for better fit. D. Using N95 masks in high-risk areas. 11. What is the study’s primary conclusion? A. Mask-related physical changes are safe within 4 hours. B. N95 masks should be banned for obese workers. C. Surgical masks offer equal protection to N95 masks. D. All hospitals must redesign mask training programs. D Non-fiction can be broken down into many categories. One category is literary non-fiction, which is still based in fact but employs some of the storytelling elements that fiction uses. Literary non-fiction includes a type of autobiography (自传) called memoir. Memoir most often focuses on a certain period of the author’s life. It is, by definition, rooted in truth. Still, people sometimes question whether memoir should be categorized as non-fiction at all. As non-fiction, memoir is intended to be factual. Is this really the case, though, considering memoir relies on human memory? One classic study, led by psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, showed how easily an interviewer’s choice of wording can influence an eyewitness’s account of a traffic accident. It is therefore reasonable to wonder whether memoir should continue to be branded as non-fiction. Certainly, human memory can be unreliable. However, a memoir author is undoubtedly writing about significant and influential life events. Memories of such events are actually more, reliable than others. Studies show that the more influential an event is, the more accurately people recall the details. As an emotionally charged event unfolds, the brain activity changes in a way that amplifies small details. This activity helps build a more exact and accurate memory. Of course, the brain is not a camera that can “save” any memory with perfect accuracy. But if memoir is questionable due to the imperfections of the human mind, then critics will have to tackle non-fiction more broadly. All writers are using their memories when they create, and moreover, they are relying on the memories of others. Journalists conduct interviews to tell a news story and history writers depend on the accuracy of accounts from long ago. Yet they all rightfully fall under the umbrella of non-fiction. Some people may doubt memoir not because they mistrust human memory, but because they mistrust the author’s morality (品德). Critics may suspect an author of making up events. However, there is no reason to be suspicious of memoir author’s intentions. Writing a factual memoir that appeals to readers has the potential to be profitable for the author, and there is no motivation for a memoir writer to knowingly change or beautify the truth. Looking beyond the author’s own life events, memoir can inform readers about the world in the same way that other non-fiction can. Memoir has a way of relaying facts about anything from an occupation to brief fashion trends, all of it meaningful to the author. 12. How does the author introduce the topic in Paragraph 1? A. By illustrating why it is important to talk about memoir. B. By listing some interesting facts and features of memoir. C. By defining key terms that are discussed later in the passage. D. By making a comparison between autobiography and memoir. 13. What does the underlined word “amplifies” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Collects. B. Ignores. C. Enlarges. D. Absorbs. 14. What can we learn from the passage? A. Critics argue that a news story by a journalist is fiction. B. A memoir author’s memory can be influenced by the interviewees. C. Memoir can’t show readers facts about what an author experienced. D. Emotional moments can cause the creation of more detailed memories. 15. According to the passage, which statement might the author agree with? A. The most profitable memoirs are those shown to be the most factual. B. Many authors are untrustworthy, although many memoirs are fact-based. C. Memoir is rightfully categorized in the list of literary non-fiction. D. Memory is too unreliable for memoir to be considered a type of non-fiction. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Future astronauts could potentially rely on food made from bacteria (细菌) that feed on minor planets, to produce a kind of yogurt. While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves, the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth. ___16___ That’s why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario, Canada, decided to try using bacteria to change carbon-containing (含碳的) material from minor planets into eatable food. This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets. But Pearce’s team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from leftover in army food supply bags. ___17___ The collective bacteria end up looking something like a brown milkshake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a powder. ___18___ “We did a nutritional (营养的) research and it turned out to be almost a perfect food,” he says. “It turned out that the bacteria mixture that we were using, more or less, has a third each for the three major nutrients people need.” If the idea is sound, a 500-metre-wide minor planet similar to Bennu, which NASA visited in 2020, could feed between 600 and 17,000 astronauts for a year, says Pearce. ___19___ A fully working minor planets food project would require an “industrial-sized smart machine” in space. This would take a long time to get everything in place. ___20___ They plan to start off with coal and then moving to space rocks that have fallen to Earth. A. It would be impossible for more distant, longer-lasting tasks. B. So the researchers hope to test the idea on a lower level in the coming year. C. Future astronauts could soon enjoy a nutritionally perfect diet made from bacteria. D. While that might not sound delicious, Pearce says the bacteria are well-suited for human needs. E. They heated the plastic without oxygen and then fed this to a mixture of bacteria that eat carbon. F. Although there is certainly hope, it is still a very futuristic idea that needs to be thought through. G. The exact number depends on how effectively the bacteria can break down the minor planet’s carbon materials. 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 From the time he learned to walk, Imran Nuri heard from his parents time and time again, “You must strive to be the best at everything.” And Nuri followed their advice and graduated with ____21____ from Ohio State University, then moved to Chicago, where he ____22____ a prime job as a national marketing director for a company. But with each passing month, Nuri realized that his parents’ advice, while ____23____, wasn’t necessarily suitable for him. By the time he was 24 years old, Nuri faced the kind of life crisis ____24____ found in people twice his age. Focusing on money, ____25____ and power was leaving him unsatisfied. In a bold (大胆的) ____26____, he quit his job and decided to drive to every state in the Lower 48 on a 100-day trip to find 1,000 strangers and ask them to share one thing they wish they’d ____27____ when they were younger. He had no interest in ____28____ specific cities, national parks or monuments. His goal was simple: Go where he could find people in ____29____ where they might talk. Over the next few months, Nuri _____30_____ people of all ages and races. Some kept walking. Others said they had no time or weren’t interested. But many were happy to _____31_____. The weeks had turned into months, and now he was traveling with the _____32_____ of the 1,300 people he’d talked to on his 15,000-mile trip. What they taught him was that life isn’t to be talked about, but to be _____33_____ in all its messy beauty. Today, Nuri is back in Chicago, employed as a senior marketing director for a new company. He’s not the man he once was. He _____34_____ answers to questions, which leads to more questions and more answers, a _____35_____ that provides not certainty, but meaning. 21. A. honors B. regrets C. achievements D. recognitions 22. A. investigated B. landed C. offered D. completed 23. A. well-known B. well-received C. well-prepared D. well-intentioned 24. A. typically B. eventually C. definitely D. recently 25. A. promises B. occupations C. titles D. breakthroughs 26. A. move B. innovation C. imagination D. prediction 27. A. forgotten B. known C. ignored D. doubted 28. A. heading B. passing C. hitting D. skipping 29. A. settings B. stations C. scenes D. sections 30. A. approached B. signed C. studied D. inspired 31. A. show up B. stand out C. cheer up D. open up 32. A. expectations B. spirits C. affections D. connections 33. A. regretted B. defined C. lived D. accessed 34. A. demands B. acquires C. explores D. seeks 35. A. moment B. cycle C. system D. goal 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On March 30, a “Taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, ____36____ five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage, leading Belgian people closer to Taiji. After that, the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng, ____37____ (star) Jet Li, Michelle Yeoh and other stars, was shown on the spot. Taiji, thought of ____38____ a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas like harmony between man and nature and co-existence of all things. In 2020, Taijiquan, based on Taiji philosophy and integrating traditional Chinese health-keeping and battle wisdom, ____39____ (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yu Jiajian, president of the European Taiji Culture Center, performed Yang-style Taiji Saber (刀) on-site. He explained that this set of saber (佩剑) techniques was gentle within ____40____ (tough). Though the movement speed ____41____ (be) soft and stable, the strength of it was full of inner power. Fei Shengchao, the Chinese Ambassador to Belgium, who attended ____42____ event, said that Taiji integrated knowledge and ____43____ (practice) from multiple fields. Its core ideas had contributed Eastern wisdom to ____44____ (globe) ecological civilization construction. He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts _____45_____ (display) and communicate, enhancing local people’s understanding of Taiji culture. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是中学生李华，你的美国笔友Chris得知你校正在积极开展“绿色校园行”活动他非常感兴趣，便写信给你，希望你介绍相关情况。请根据以下提示给他写一封回信。 1. 开展“绿色校园行”活动的目的；2. 介绍“绿色校园行”活动的主要做法；3. 活动的意义。 注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：绿色校园行Green Campus Campaign；垃圾分类waste classification Dear Chris, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny Saturday afternoon when a family of four decided to explore the woods near their home. With their camping equipment, they started a much-expected trip in the nearby woods, full of excitement. Upon arrival, the parents set up the tent while their two children, Max and Emma, wandered around and looked for fun. They were especially thrilled, laughter echoing through the woods. Max, the big brother, suggested going deeper into the woods and exploring more. Emma followed. As they walked along the narrow path, chatting and laughing, they suddenly heard a strange noise coming from a thick bush. Feeling a little bit scared, Emma came closer to her brother. Then, they noticed another sound. Even with the scare and nervousness, curiosity got the better of them. They carefully approached the source of that sound. To their big surprise, they found a small, injured fox lying there, making some heartbroken sounds. Taking a closer look, Max found that one of her legs was bleeding, and she looked weak and scared. Emma’s heart ached at the sight of the poor creature, “We can’t just leave her here. Let’s do something,” she begged, looking determined. Max hesitated for a while and nodded in agreement. Emma made a suggestion to return to the camping site and called their parents for help. But they worried the fox could be attacked by other bigger animals. Then Max decided to take the fox back. They knew they had to be extremely careful, not scaring the fox and not causing further injury. Slowly, Max made his first attempt. He took off his coat and tried to gently place it over the fox. The fox, sensing Max’s approach, struggled to run away but failed due to her bleeding leg. Max did another try. This time, he succeeded. He covered the fox carefully with his coat. The fox still whined（哀鸣）sadly, but didn’t run away. With great care, they lifted the fox and carried her back. 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Once they arrived, they quickly called their parents. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few days later, the fox’s leg was fully recovered. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024—2025学年度下学期高一年级期中测试 英语试题 （满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. When will the woman tell the man her decision? A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 2. How will the man get to the house tomorrow? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 3. What is the team’s plan for the frogs? A. To make efforts to save them. B. To catch them for food. C. To leave them in the wild. 4. When is the woman able to meet Mr Smith? A. At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 4:30. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The woman’s daughter’s achievements. B. The man’s swimming experience. C. Their children’s hobby. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the man’s father work? A. In Paris. B. In Lyon. C. In Marseille. 7. Why did the man go to Paris? A. For work. B. For study. C. For sightseeing. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Which part of the house should the woman mainly clean up? A. The kitchen. B. The bathroom. C. The living room. 9. What is the last thing the woman will do? A. Taking out the rubbish. B. Doing some washing. C. Cleaning the bathroom. 10. How much will the woman earn at most this afternoon? A. 14 dollars. B. 56 dollars. C. 70 dollars. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers most probably? A. In a sports center. B. At the man’s home. C. In a library. 12. What is wrong with the woman’s phone? A. It stores too many things. B. It has run out of power. C. It suffers water damage. 13. What is the man’s advice? A. Having the phone repaired. B. Deleting all pictures. C. Buying a new phone. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does Jeff think of his trip on the first day? A. Tiring. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. 15. Who lives in the north of New York? A. Ted. B. George. C. Edmund. 16. What was the worst part for Jeff? A. Touring by car. B. Changing the flight. C. Working on the weekend. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Classmates. C. Workmates. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did Felix give up studying engineering? A. He didn’t like the professor. B. He was badly treated by his classmates. C. He had no confidence to learn it well. 19. What talent did Felix have? A. Managing a business. B. Communicating with others. C. Doing the accounts. 20. Where did Felix get a job? A. In Japan. B. In Canada. C. In the USA. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Elite Summer School Program for High School Students Harvard’s Elite Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Elite Program students. The application for Summer 2024 is now open. Cost: $5,550+$75 application fee 2024 Session Ⅰ: June 23-July 5, 2024 2024 Session Ⅱ: July 7-19, 2024 2024 Session Ⅲ: July 21-August 2, 2024 Who Can Participate in the Elite Program? Harvard’s Elite Program is designed for mature, academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. Our Elite Program is open to rising juniors and seniors. To be qualified for Summer 2024, you must meet both of the following criteria: ●Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026. ●Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024. Important Deadlines: ●Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024 ●Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline — February 14, 2024 ●Late Application Deadline — April 10, 2024 See the Elite Program Calendar for all important dates and deadlines. 1. Who can be the applicant for the Elite Program 2024? A. Lucy, 14, with excellent academic performance. B. Jerry, 16, expected to enter college in 2025. C. Tina, 17, a college student with broad interests. D. Tim, 19, an office worker with motivation to learn. 2. When is Priority Financial Aid Application available? A. April 10, 2024. B. February 14, 2024. C. January 9, 2024. D. July23, 2024. 3. Where is this text most likely from? A. A news report. B. A travel brochure. C. An academic paper. D. A college website. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的高中学生精英暑期学校项目。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Who Can Participate in the Elite Program?部分中“Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026.(将于2025年或2026年高中毕业并进入大学)”和“Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024. (2024年6月22日前年满16岁，2024年7月31日前未满19岁)”可知，16岁的预计将于2025年进入大学的杰瑞可以成为2024年精英计划的申请人。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Important Deadlines部分中“Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024 (早期申请和优先经济援助截止日期为2024年1月10日)”可知，2024年1月9日可以申请优先经济援助。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Harvard’s Elite Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Elite Program students. (哈佛大学针对高中生的精英项目是一个为期两周的暑期强化项目，旨在让你了解大学生活。在为期两周的课程期间，你将住在哈佛校园，与其他精英项目的学生一起学习大学水平的课程)”可知，文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的高中学生精英暑期学校项目。由此推知，这篇文章最有可能来自一个大学网站。故选D。 B There was no way to escape when they spotted a polar bear. Verena Mohaupt and a handful of colleagues were trapped on a floating sea ice while the bear gazed at them, smelling the air, a dangerous sign. “That’s when everything kicks in,” Mohaupt says, “and you focus on what’s important.” As a colleague fired into the sky as a warning shot, Mohaupt radioed their research ship a few kilometres away, whose helicopter luckily arrived quickly and Mohaupt didn’t have to use the gun that was hanging over her shoulder. Keeping a lookout for bears was a regular duty for Mohaupt, the logistics coordinator(后勤协调员) for a year-long mission known as the MOSAiC——the largest Arctic research exploration in history. The project, consisting of roughly 300 scientists, led by scientist MarkusRex, has collected massive measurements that will help better forecast how warming will transform the globe in the coming decades. For months, the exploration operated in constant darkness while polar bears wandered nearby, storms rocked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began to melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare for researchers who needed to keep their instruments from sinking. Tasked with the security of the mission, Mohaupt designed an extensive training course for the participants in which they learnt how to avoid the danger, like storm-rocking and ice-cracking. They jumped into a Norwegian channel in their survival suits and climbed out of the freezing waters using only their ice picks. They learnt how to escape from a crashed helicopter. And they discussed the psychological effects of being far from home. Mohaupt brought knitting equipment, yoga mats and a violin for their mental health——although having been prepared for the isolation. Mohaupt didn’t expect a career in polar regions, but says she has always been drawn to the north. “She was there to make sure that we were protected,” says Markus Rex, “Mohaupt is certainly the champion in the field.” 4. Why does the author mention a polar bear in the beginning? A. To show the threat of bears. B. To tell an interesting story. C. To introduce Mohaupt’s job. D. To describe the polar scenery. 5. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. The working conditions were tough. B. Mohaupt helped to collect massive data. C. The exploration went on in total darkness. D. Mohaupt’s duty was to protect polar bears. 6. Which of the following best describes Mohaupt? A. Ambitious and brave. B. Passionate and dependent. C. Considerate and modest. D. Professional and responsible. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A Potential Danger in the Exploration. B. A Guardian Angel of Polar Researchers. C. A Great Scientific Exploration in History. D. A Great Female Scientist in Polar Research. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一名负责历史上最大的北极研究探险队安全任务的后勤协调员Verena Mohaupt。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Keeping a lookout for bears was a regular duty for Mohaupt, the logistics coordinator(后勤协调员) for a year-long mission known as the MOSAiC——the largest Arctic research exploration in history.”（Mohaupt是一名后勤协调员，负责为期一年的MOSAiC任务，这是历史上最大的北极研究探险。），并结合前两段对遇到北极熊时，Mohaupt应对方式的描述可知，作者在开头提到北极熊，是为了介绍Mohaupt的工作内容。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“For months, the exploration operated in constant darkness while polar bears wandered nearby, storms rocked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began to melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare for researchers who needed to keep their instruments from sinking.”（几个月来，探险一直在黑暗中进行，北极熊在附近游荡，风暴摇晃着船，冰在移动和破裂。然后，当太阳返回时，冰开始融化，对需要防止仪器下沉的研究人员来说，这是一场危及生命的危险和噩梦。）可知，探险工作的条件非常恶劣。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Tasked with the security of the mission, Mohaupt designed an extensive training course for the participants in which they learnt how to avoid the danger, like storm-rocking and ice-cracking.”（为了确保任务的安全，Mohaupt为参与者设计了一个广泛的培训课程，让他们学习如何避免危险，比如风暴摇晃和冰裂。）和“They learnt how to escape from a crashed helicopter. And they discussed the psychological effects of being far from home. Mohaupt brought knitting equipment, yoga mats and a violin for their men tal health——although having been prepared for the isolation.”（他们学会了如何从坠毁的直升机中逃生。他们还讨论了远离家乡的心理影响。Mohaupt带来了编织设备、瑜伽垫和一把小提琴，以帮助他们的人保持心理健康——尽管他们已经为隔离做好了准备。）可知，Mohaupt有着过硬的专业知识和技能，对工作认真负责。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段““She was there to make sure that we were protected,” says Markus Rex, “Mohaupt is certainly the champion in the field.””（“她在那里确保我们受到保护，”Markus Rex说，“Mohaupt无疑是这个领域的冠军。”）和全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Mohaupt这名负责历史上最大的北极研究探险队安全任务的优秀的后勤协调员，她是保护北极探险队成员的天使。故选B。 C A recent study has shown that wearing masks for 4 hours causes small but safe physical changes in overweight operating room staff. The researchers tested 20 obese medical workers (with a Body Mass Index, or BMI, of 30 or more). These workers used both surgical masks and N95 masks. The results showed that N95 masks caused a small increase in blood carbon dioxide levels. It went up by 3.3 mmHg, while surgical masks only made it rise by 1.9 mmHg. Also, the breathing rates went up a little. On average, using N95 masks led to 2.7 more breaths per minute, compared to 2.1 more breaths per minute with surgical masks. People who wore N95 masks said they felt more uncomfortable. They rated their breathing difficulty as 2.8 on a scale of 0–10, while those wearing surgical masks rated it as 1.3. But all these changes were still within safe limits. The research included nurses and anesthesiologists from a Chinese hospital. The participants wore each type of mask for 4 hours on different days, with a 24-hour break between the tests. Scientists carefully measured blood gases, breathing rates, and heart activity before and after their shifts. They used a 0–10 discomfort scale to record problems like headaches and hard breathing. To make it fair, the order of wearing the masks was chosen randomly, and the staff did similar tasks during both tests. Based on these findings, experts have the following suggestions: Even though N95 masks may cause a little discomfort, they should still be used in high-risk areas because they offer better protection. We must follow the existing rules and replace masks every 4 hours. To feel better, you can take short breaks from wearing the mask when it’s safe, adjust the straps, and drink enough water. Hospitals should focus on providing training on how to fit masks properly to reduce ear or face pain. In short, the study shows that although masks cause some changes that can be measured, these changes don’t put overweight medical workers at health risk during the normal 4-hour work shifts. 8. What was the main finding about N95 masks in the study? A. They caused dangerous oxygen level drops. B. They raised blood carbon dioxide slightly more than surgical masks. C. They increased heart rates significantly. D. They were preferred by most hospital workers. 9. Why did researchers randomize the order of mask use? A. To reduce participants’ physical discomfort. B. To simplify data collection processes. C. To match hospital shift schedules. D. To compare mask types fairly. 10. Which suggestion is NOT supported by the study findings? A. Taking brief mask breaks when possible. B. Replacing masks every 2 hours. C. Adjusting mask straps for better fit. D. Using N95 masks in high-risk areas. 11. What is the study’s primary conclusion? A. Mask-related physical changes are safe within 4 hours. B. N95 masks should be banned for obese workers. C. Surgical masks offer equal protection to N95 masks. D. All hospitals must redesign mask training programs. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于超重手术室工作人员佩戴不同口罩（外科口罩与N95）4小时后生理变化的研究，解释了研究的经过以及发现，并基于研究结果提出建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The results showed that N95 masks caused a small increase in blood carbon dioxide levels. It went up by 3.3 mmHg, while surgical masks only made it rise by 1.9 mmHg.(结果显示，N95口罩导致血液中的二氧化碳水平小幅上升。它上升了3.3毫米汞柱，而医用口罩只上升了1.9毫米汞柱)”可知，研究中关于N95口罩的主要发现是它们比医用口罩提高的血液二氧化碳含量略高。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To make it fair, the order of wearing the masks was chosen randomly, and the staff did similar tasks during both tests.(为了公平起见，戴口罩的顺序是随机选择的，工作人员在两次测试中都做了类似的任务)”可知，研究人员随机分配口罩的使用顺序是为了公平地比较不同类型的口罩。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Based on these findings, experts have the following suggestions: Even though N95 masks may cause a little discomfort, they should still be used in high-risk areas because they offer better protection. We must follow the existing rules and replace masks every 4 hours. To feel better, you can take short breaks from wearing the mask when it’s safe, adjust the straps, and drink enough water. Hospitals should focus on providing training on how to fit masks properly to reduce ear or face pain.(基于这些发现，专家们提出了以下建议：尽管N95口罩可能会引起一些不适，但仍应在高风险地区使用，因为它们能提供更好的保护。我们必须遵守现有规定，每4小时更换一次口罩。为了感觉好一点，你可以在安全的时候摘下口罩休息一会儿，调整一下带子，喝足够的水。医院应重点提供如何正确佩戴口罩的培训，以减少耳朵或面部疼痛)”可知，根据研究发现，专家建议应在高风险地区使用N95口罩、每4小时更换一次口罩、安全的时候摘下口罩休息一下、调整带子使口罩更贴合、喝足够的水以及医院应重点提供正确佩戴口罩的培训；B选项“每2小时更换一次口罩”没有得到研究结果的支持。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study has shown that wearing masks for 4 hours causes small but safe physical changes in overweight operating room staff. (最近的一项研究表明，对超重的手术室工作人员来说，戴口罩4小时会导致微小但安全的身体变化)”以及最后一段“In short, the study shows that although masks cause some changes that can be measured, these changes don’t put overweight medical workers at health risk during the normal 4-hour work shifts.(简而言之，这项研究表明，尽管口罩会导致一些可以测量的变化，但这些变化不会使超重的医务人员在正常的4小时轮班工作中面临健康风险)”可知，这项研究的主要结论是4小时内与口罩相关的身体变化是安全的。故选A。 D Non-fiction can be broken down into many categories. One category is literary non-fiction, which is still based in fact but employs some of the storytelling elements that fiction uses. Literary non-fiction includes a type of autobiography (自传) called memoir. Memoir most often focuses on a certain period of the author’s life. It is, by definition, rooted in truth. Still, people sometimes question whether memoir should be categorized as non-fiction at all. As non-fiction, memoir is intended to be factual. Is this really the case, though, considering memoir relies on human memory? One classic study, led by psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, showed how easily an interviewer’s choice of wording can influence an eyewitness’s account of a traffic accident. It is therefore reasonable to wonder whether memoir should continue to be branded as non-fiction. Certainly, human memory can be unreliable. However, a memoir author is undoubtedly writing about significant and influential life events. Memories of such events are actually more, reliable than others. Studies show that the more influential an event is, the more accurately people recall the details. As an emotionally charged event unfolds, the brain activity changes in a way that amplifies small details. This activity helps build a more exact and accurate memory. Of course, the brain is not a camera that can “save” any memory with perfect accuracy. But if memoir is questionable due to the imperfections of the human mind, then critics will have to tackle non-fiction more broadly. All writers are using their memories when they create, and moreover, they are relying on the memories of others. Journalists conduct interviews to tell a news story and history writers depend on the accuracy of accounts from long ago. Yet they all rightfully fall under the umbrella of non-fiction. Some people may doubt memoir not because they mistrust human memory, but because they mistrust the author’s morality (品德). Critics may suspect an author of making up events. However, there is no reason to be suspicious of memoir author’s intentions. Writing a factual memoir that appeals to readers has the potential to be profitable for the author, and there is no motivation for a memoir writer to knowingly change or beautify the truth. Looking beyond the author’s own life events, memoir can inform readers about the world in the same way that other non-fiction can. Memoir has a way of relaying facts about anything from an occupation to brief fashion trends, all of it meaningful to the author. 12. How does the author introduce the topic in Paragraph 1? A. By illustrating why it is important to talk about memoir. B. By listing some interesting facts and features of memoir. C. By defining key terms that are discussed later in the passage. D. By making a comparison between autobiography and memoir. 13. What does the underlined word “amplifies” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Collects. B. Ignores. C. Enlarges. D. Absorbs. 14. What can we learn from the passage? A. Critics argue that a news story by a journalist is fiction. B. A memoir author’s memory can be influenced by the interviewees. C. Memoir can’t show readers facts about what an author experienced. D. Emotional moments can cause the creation of more detailed memories. 15. According to the passage, which statement might the author agree with? A. The most profitable memoirs are those shown to be the most factual. B. Many authors are untrustworthy, although many memoirs are fact-based. C. Memoir is rightfully categorized in the list of literary non-fiction. D. Memory is too unreliable for memoir to be considered a type of non-fiction. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非小说的分类，并且作者认为回忆录在文学非小说的保护伞下被合理地分类。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“One category is literary non-fiction, which is still based in fact but employs some of the storytelling elements that fiction uses. Literary non-fiction includes a type of autobiography (自传) called memoir. Memoir most often focuses on a certain period of the author’s life. It is, by definition, rooted in truth.(其中一个类别是文学性非虚构作品，它仍然以事实为基础，但采用了一些小说使用的叙事元素。文学性非虚构作品包括一种称为回忆录的自传体形式。回忆录通常聚焦于作者人生的某个特定时期。从定义上讲，它根植于真实。)”可知，作者通过定义本文后面讨论的关键术语来介绍第1段中的主题。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词amplifies后文内容 “This activity helps build a more precise and accurate memory.(这项活动有助于建立更精确和准确的记忆)”可知，划线词amplifies后文的内容提到这项活动有助于建立更精确和准确的记忆，故可推知划线词amplifies与C项“Enlarges(扩大)”意思相近，当一个充满情感的事件展开时，大脑活动会发生变化，从而放大细微之处。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Studies show that the more influential an event is, the more accurately people recall the details. As an emotionally charged event unfolds, the brain activity changes in a way that amplifies small details.(研究显示，一个事件的影响力越大，人们对其细节的回忆就越准确。当一个充满情感的事件展开时，大脑活动会发生变化，从而强化细微之处。)”可知， 研究表明，当一个充满感情的事件展开时，大脑活动的变化会放大一些小细节。由此可知，情绪化的瞬间可以创造出更详细的记忆。故选D项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Yet they all rightfully fall under the umbrella of non-fiction.(然而，它们（回忆录）都理所当然地落入非小说的保护伞之下)”可知，回忆录都理所当然地落入非小说的保护伞之下。由此可知，作者认为回忆录在文学非小说的保护伞下被合理地分类。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Future astronauts could potentially rely on food made from bacteria (细菌) that feed on minor planets, to produce a kind of yogurt. While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves, the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth. ___16___ That’s why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario, Canada, decided to try using bacteria to change carbon-containing (含碳的) material from minor planets into eatable food. This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets. But Pearce’s team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from leftover in army food supply bags. ___17___ The collective bacteria end up looking something like a brown milkshake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a powder. ___18___ “We did a nutritional (营养的) research and it turned out to be almost a perfect food,” he says. “It turned out that the bacteria mixture that we were using, more or less, has a third each for the three major nutrients people need.” If the idea is sound, a 500-metre-wide minor planet similar to Bennu, which NASA visited in 2020, could feed between 600 and 17,000 astronauts for a year, says Pearce. ___19___ A fully working minor planets food project would require an “industrial-sized smart machine” in space. This would take a long time to get everything in place. ___20___ They plan to start off with coal and then moving to space rocks that have fallen to Earth. A. It would be impossible for more distant, longer-lasting tasks. B. So the researchers hope to test the idea on a lower level in the coming year. C. Future astronauts could soon enjoy a nutritionally perfect diet made from bacteria. D. While that might not sound delicious, Pearce says the bacteria are well-suited for human needs. E. They heated the plastic without oxygen and then fed this to a mixture of bacteria that eat carbon. F. Although there is certainly hope, it is still a very futuristic idea that needs to be thought through. G. The exact number depends on how effectively the bacteria can break down the minor planet’s carbon materials. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了一种未来宇航员可能在太空中获取食物的新方法：利用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物，类似于酸奶或粉末。如果成功，这种方法可以在小行星上大规模生产食物，为未来的太空探索提供支持。 【16题详解】 根据空前“While astronauts on the International Space Station have experimented with growing salad leaves, the vast majority of food consumed in space is transported from Earth.(虽然国际空间站上的宇航员已经尝试种植沙拉叶，但在太空中消费的大部分食物都是从地球运输过去的)”和空后“That’s why Joshua Pearce at Western University in Ontario, Canada, decided to try using bacteria to change carbon-containing (含碳的) material from minor planets into eatable food.(这就是为什么加拿大安大略省西安大略大学的约书亚·皮尔斯决定尝试使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物)”可知，太空使用的大部分食物来自地球，因此更加遥远且持久的任务是不可能的，因为食物无法供应，因此推断A项“这对于更远距离、更长时间的任务来说是不可能的。”符合语境，并且引出下文的解决办法——尝试使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物，故选A。 【17题详解】 根据前文“This process has not been carried out yet on real minor planets. But Pearce’s team has performed similar experiments using bacteria to break down plastic from leftover in army food supply bags.( 这一过程尚未在真正的行星上进行。但皮尔斯的团队已经进行了类似的实验，使用细菌分解军队食品供应袋中的塑料残留物)”和后文“The collective bacteria end up looking something like a brown milkshake and the team has also experimented with drying out this material to produce something like yogurt or even a powder.(最终的细菌混合物看起来像一种棕色奶昔，团队还尝试将这种物质干燥，以生产出类似酸奶或粉末的东西)”可知，本段讲述实验过程，因此E项“他们在没有氧气的情况下加热塑料，然后将其喂给一种以碳为食的细菌混合物。”符合语境，承上启下。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据后文““We did a nutritional (营养的) research and it turned out to be almost a perfect food,” he says. “It turned out that the bacteria mixture that we were using, more or less, has a third each for the three major nutrients people need.”(“我们进行了营养研究，结果发现它几乎是一种完美的食物，”他说。“我们使用的细菌混合物中，几乎三分之一是人类所需的三大主要营养素之一。”)”可知，此处是一位研究人员介绍的研究结果，结合前文应是Joshua Pearce说的话，因此推断D项“虽然这听起来可能不太美味，但皮尔斯表示，这些细菌非常适合人类的需求。”符合语境，承接前一段，介绍实验的食物。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据前文“If the idea is sound, a 500-metre-wide minor planet similar to Bennu, which NASA visited in 2020, could feed between 600 and 17,000 astronauts for a year, says Pearce.(如果这个想法是可行的，皮尔斯表示，一个类似2020年NASA访问的贝努小行星的500米宽的小行星，每年可以为600到17000名宇航员提供食物)”可知，实验成功后可以在一个500米宽的小行星，每年可以为600到17000名宇航员提供食物，因此推断G项“具体数字取决于细菌分解小行星碳物质的效率。”符合语境，与前文语境相符。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据前文“A fully working minor planets food project would require an “industrial-sized smart machine” in space. This would take a long time to get everything in place.(一个完整的行星食物项目将需要一个“工业级智能机器”在太空中运行。这需要很长时间才能将一切安排妥当)”和后文“They plan to start off with coal and then moving to space rocks that have fallen to Earth.( 他们计划从煤炭开始，然后转向落到地球上的太空岩石)”可知，在太空运行的“工业级智能机器”需要很长时间才能安排妥当，研究人员计划从煤炭开始研究，因此推断B项“因此，研究人员希望在来年在较低水平上测试这个想法。”符合语境，前后文是因果关系，故选B。 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 From the time he learned to walk, Imran Nuri heard from his parents time and time again, “You must strive to be the best at everything.” And Nuri followed their advice and graduated with ____21____ from Ohio State University, then moved to Chicago, where he ____22____ a prime job as a national marketing director for a company. But with each passing month, Nuri realized that his parents’ advice, while ____23____, wasn’t necessarily suitable for him. By the time he was 24 years old, Nuri faced the kind of life crisis ____24____ found in people twice his age. Focusing on money, ____25____ and power was leaving him unsatisfied. In a bold (大胆的) ____26____, he quit his job and decided to drive to every state in the Lower 48 on a 100-day trip to find 1,000 strangers and ask them to share one thing they wish they’d ____27____ when they were younger. He had no interest in ____28____ specific cities, national parks or monuments. His goal was simple: Go where he could find people in ____29____ where they might talk. Over the next few months, Nuri _____30_____ people of all ages and races. Some kept walking. Others said they had no time or weren’t interested. But many were happy to _____31_____. The weeks had turned into months, and now he was traveling with the _____32_____ of the 1,300 people he’d talked to on his 15,000-mile trip. What they taught him was that life isn’t to be talked about, but to be _____33_____ in all its messy beauty. Today, Nuri is back in Chicago, employed as a senior marketing director for a new company. He’s not the man he once was. He _____34_____ answers to questions, which leads to more questions and more answers, a _____35_____ that provides not certainty, but meaning. 21. A. honors B. regrets C. achievements D. recognitions 22. A. investigated B. landed C. offered D. completed 23. A. well-known B. well-received C. well-prepared D. well-intentioned 24. A. typically B. eventually C. definitely D. recently 25. A. promises B. occupations C. titles D. breakthroughs 26. A. move B. innovation C. imagination D. prediction 27. A. forgotten B. known C. ignored D. doubted 28. A. heading B. passing C. hitting D. skipping 29. A. settings B. stations C. scenes D. sections 30. A. approached B. signed C. studied D. inspired 31. A. show up B. stand out C. cheer up D. open up 32. A. expectations B. spirits C. affections D. connections 33. A. regretted B. defined C. lived D. accessed 34. A. demands B. acquires C. explores D. seeks 35. A. moment B. cycle C. system D. goal 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小品学兼优的Imran Nuri遇到生活危机，于是辞职决定在为期100天的旅行中，开车到美国本土48个州的每一个州，寻找1000个陌生人，让他们分享一件他们年轻时希望知道的事情。最后他明白了生活的真谛，开始了新的生活。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nuri听从了他们的建议，以优异的成绩从俄亥俄州立大学毕业，然后搬到了芝加哥，在那里他找到了一份好工作，在一家公司担任全国营销总监。A. honors荣誉；B. regrets遗憾；C. achievements成就；D. recognitions识别。根据上文““You must strive to be the best at everything.” And Nuri followed their advice and graduated with”可知，Nuri听从了父母的建议，在每件事上做到最好，最后以优异的成绩从俄亥俄州立大学毕业，短语graduate with honors表示“以优异成绩毕业”。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. investigated调查；B. landed成功得到；C. offered提供；D. completed完成。根据后文“a prime job”可知，此处指找到一份好工作，land a job意为“获得一份工作”。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的流逝，Nuri意识到父母的建议虽然是善意的，但并不一定适合他。A. well-known著名的；B. well-received受到欢迎的；C. well-prepared准备好的；D. well-intentioned出于善意的。根据上文“You must strive to be the best at everything.”可知，父母“每件事做到最好”的建议是出于善意的。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他24岁的时候，Nuri面临着一种年龄是他两倍的人通常会遇到的生活危机。A. typically通常；B. eventually最终；C. definitely肯定；D. recently最近。根据后文“found in people twice his age”可知，他遇到的生活危机，通常是发生在年龄比他大两倍的人身上。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：专注于金钱、头衔和权力让他感到不满足。A. promises承诺；B. occupations职业；C. titles头衔；D. breakthroughs突破。结合上文“as a national marketing director for a company”可知，他作为一家公司的全国营销总监，专注于金钱、头衔和权力让他感到不满足。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次大胆的行动中，他辞去了工作，决定在100天的旅行中开车到美国48个州的每一个州，找到1000个陌生人，让他们分享一件他们希望年轻时就知道的事情。A. move行动；B. innovation创新；C. imagination想象力；D. prediction预测。根据后文“he quit his job and decided to drive to every state in the Lower 48 on a 100-day trip”可知，他做出了辞职的大胆行动，选择为期100天的旅行。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. forgotten忘记；B. known知道；C. ignored忽视；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“Focusing on money, ____5____ and power was leaving him unsatisfied.”可知，追求金钱、头衔和权力让他感到不满足，因此他想要询问1000名陌生人他们在年轻时希望自己知道的事情。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对打卡特定的城市、国家公园或纪念碑没有兴趣。A. heading前往；B. passing路过；C. hitting达到；D. skipping跳过。根据下文“His goal was simple: Go where he could find people in ____9____ where they might talk.”可知，他的目标很简单：去他能找到人的地方，在他们可能说话的地方，因此对打卡特定的城市、国家公园或纪念碑没有兴趣。此处hit表示“达到某个地方”。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目标很简单：去他能找到人的地方，在他们可能说话的地方。A. settings地方；B. stations车站；C. scenes场景；D. sections部分。根据前文“he quit his job and decided to drive to every state in the Lower 48 on a 100-day trip”可知，他计划开车到美国本土48个州的每一个州，去到每一个他们可能会聊天的地方。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，Nuri接触了各种年龄和种族的人。A. approached接触；B. signed签署；C. studied学习；D. inspired激励。根据上文“His goal was simple: Go where he could find people in ____9____ where they might talk.”可知，他的目标很简单：去他能找到人的地方，在他们可能说话的地方，因此Nuri接触了各种年龄和种族的人。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但许多人乐于敞开心扉。A. show up出现；B. stand out突出；C. cheer up欢呼；D. open up敞开心扉。根据上文“Some kept walking. Others said they had no time or weren’t interested.”可知，他和人交谈，虽然有些人继续往前走，其他人则说他们没有时间或不感兴趣，but表示转折，说明还是有许多人乐于敞开心扉。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个星期过去了，几个月过去了，现在他带着与他交谈过的1300个人的精神旅行，踏上了15000英里的旅途。A. expectations期待；B. spirits精神；C. affections喜爱；D. connections联系。根据下文“What they taught him was that life isn’t to be talked about, but to be ____13____ in all its messy beauty.”可知，他们教给他的是，生活不是用来谈论的，而是要活在它凌乱的美丽中，故此处指他带着在15000英里的旅途中与他交谈过的1300个人的精神旅行。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们教给他的是，生活不是用来谈论的，而是要活在它凌乱的美丽中。A. regretted后悔；B. defined下定义；C. lived居住；D. assessed评估。根据上文“life isn’t to be talked about”可知，指生活不是用来谈论的，而是要活在它凌乱的美丽中，短语live in表示“生活在……中”。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他寻求问题的答案，这导致了更多的问题和更多的答案，这个循环提供的不是确定性，而是意义。A. demands要求；B. acquires获得；C. explores探索；D. seeks寻求。根据下文“which leads to more questions and more answers”可知，导致了更多的问题和更多的答案，故此处指他寻求问题的答案。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. moment时刻；B. cycle循环；C. system系统；D. goal目标。根据上文“He ____14____ answers to questions, which leads to more questions and more answers”可知，他寻求问题的答案，这导致了更多的问题和更多的答案，即形成了一个循环。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On March 30, a “Taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, ____36____ five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage, leading Belgian people closer to Taiji. After that, the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng, ____37____ (star) Jet Li, Michelle Yeoh and other stars, was shown on the spot. Taiji, thought of ____38____ a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas like harmony between man and nature and co-existence of all things. In 2020, Taijiquan, based on Taiji philosophy and integrating traditional Chinese health-keeping and battle wisdom, ____39____ (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yu Jiajian, president of the European Taiji Culture Center, performed Yang-style Taiji Saber (刀) on-site. He explained that this set of saber (佩剑) techniques was gentle within ____40____ (tough). Though the movement speed ____41____ (be) soft and stable, the strength of it was full of inner power. Fei Shengchao, the Chinese Ambassador to Belgium, who attended ____42____ event, said that Taiji integrated knowledge and ____43____ (practice) from multiple fields. Its core ideas had contributed Eastern wisdom to ____44____ (globe) ecological civilization construction. He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts _____45_____ (display) and communicate, enhancing local people’s understanding of Taiji culture. 【答案】36. where 37. starring 38. as 39. was listed 40. toughness 41. was 42. the 43. practices 44. global 45. to display 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了比利时布鲁塞尔举办的“全民太极”活动，该活动展示了太极表演和电影，并通过中国大使的解读，凸显了太极文化的内涵与国际影响力。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：3月30日，布鲁塞尔举办了一场“全民太极”活动，当地五个比利时太极协会轮流登台，带领民众走近太极。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Brussels，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随后，现场放映了由李连杰、杨紫琼等明星主演的电影《太极张三丰》。此处作the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng的后置定语，star“由……主演”与the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng为主动关系，因此用star的现在分词形式作后置定语。故填starring。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：太极被视为中国传统文化的瑰宝，因其“人与自然和谐共生”等哲学理念享誉全球。结合“a treasure of traditional Chinese culture”可知，此处为动词短语think of…as…“认为……是……”的被动式be thought of as，意为“被视作”。故填as。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2020年，基于太极哲学、融合中国传统养生与武学智慧的太极拳被列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。此处作句子的谓语，主语为Taijiquan，为单数，与list之间为被动关系，且根据“In 2020”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was listed。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：他解释说，这套剑术是刚柔并济的。空前within为介词，故此处应用名词“toughness韧性”作宾语，故填toughness。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然动作的速度是柔和而稳定的，但它的力量却充满了内在的力量。空处作让步状语从句的谓语动词，主语为the movement speed，为单数，且根据主句的谓语动词was可知，从句时态也用一般过去时表示过去发生的情况。故填was。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国驻比利时大使费胜潮出席活动时表示，太极凝聚了多领域的知识与实践。此处特指前文提到的“Taiji for All” event，需用定冠词the。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：同上。空处与knowledge并列，表示“多领域的知识和实践”，可数名词practice需用复数形式，表示“不止一个领域的实践”。故填practices。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其核心理念为全球生态文明建设贡献了东方智慧。空处为定语，修饰名词construction，故应用形容词global“全球的”。故填global。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他希望此次活动能为比利时太极爱好者提供展示交流的平台，增进当地民众对太极文化的理解。结合“provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts”可知，此处应用不定式复合结构“for+sb.+to do”，表示“为比利时太极爱好者提供展示交流的平台”。故填to display。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是中学生李华，你的美国笔友Chris得知你校正在积极开展“绿色校园行”活动他非常感兴趣，便写信给你，希望你介绍相关情况。请根据以下提示给他写一封回信。 1. 开展“绿色校园行”活动的目的；2. 介绍“绿色校园行”活动的主要做法；3. 活动的意义。 注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：绿色校园行Green Campus Campaign；垃圾分类waste classification Dear Chris, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, Thrilled to hear that you’re interested in our “Green Campus Initiative” and happy to share with you the details of this exciting movement at our school. The primary aim of the “Green Campus Initiative” is to foster environmental awareness among students to encourage sustainable practices. Our activities under this initiative are multifaceted. Firstly, we have established various recycling stations around the campus to ensure proper waste management. This includes separate bins for plastics, papers, and organic waste. Additionally, we have a composting area where organic waste is transformed into rich soil used for our school garden. We also have an active tree-planting campaign, which not only beautifies the school but also helps improve air quality. Through this activity, we are not only contributing to the preservation of our environment but also learning valuable lessons about responsibility, conservation, and the impact of our actions on the planet. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生给美国笔友Chris写一封回信，向他介绍学校正在积极开展“绿色校园行”活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 激动的：thrilled→excited 目的：aim→goal/target/objective 各种各样的：various→a variety of/varieties of 而且：additionally→in addition/what’s more 2.句式拓展： 句型转换 原句：Through this activity, we are not only contributing to the preservation of our environment but also learning valuable lessons about responsibility, conservation, and the impact of our actions on the planet. 拓展句：Through this activity, not only are we contributing to the preservation of our environment but also we are learning valuable lessons about responsibility, conservation, and the impact of our actions on the planet. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Additionally, we have a composting area where organic waste is transformed into rich soil used for our school garden.(运用了where引导定语从句。) 【高分句型2】 We also have an active tree-planting campaign, which not only beautifies the school but also helps improve air quality.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句。) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny Saturday afternoon when a family of four decided to explore the woods near their home. With their camping equipment, they started a much-expected trip in the nearby woods, full of excitement. Upon arrival, the parents set up the tent while their two children, Max and Emma, wandered around and looked for fun. They were especially thrilled, laughter echoing through the woods. Max, the big brother, suggested going deeper into the woods and exploring more. Emma followed. As they walked along the narrow path, chatting and laughing, they suddenly heard a strange noise coming from a thick bush. Feeling a little bit scared, Emma came closer to her brother. Then, they noticed another sound. Even with the scare and nervousness, curiosity got the better of them. They carefully approached the source of that sound. To their big surprise, they found a small, injured fox lying there, making some heartbroken sounds. Taking a closer look, Max found that one of her legs was bleeding, and she looked weak and scared. Emma’s heart ached at the sight of the poor creature, “We can’t just leave her here. Let’s do something,” she begged, looking determined. Max hesitated for a while and nodded in agreement. Emma made a suggestion to return to the camping site and called their parents for help. But they worried the fox could be attacked by other bigger animals. Then Max decided to take the fox back. They knew they had to be extremely careful, not scaring the fox and not causing further injury. Slowly, Max made his first attempt. He took off his coat and tried to gently place it over the fox. The fox, sensing Max’s approach, struggled to run away but failed due to her bleeding leg. Max did another try. This time, he succeeded. He covered the fox carefully with his coat. The fox still whined（哀鸣）sadly, but didn’t run away. With great care, they lifted the fox and carried her back. 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Once they arrived, they quickly called their parents. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few days later, the fox’s leg was fully recovered. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Once they arrived, they quickly called their parents. Their parents rushed over, shocked but impressed by their children’s kindness. The father carefully examined the fox’s wound and said they needed to clean and bandage it immediately. The mother fetched the first-aid kit. They worked together gently. Max and Emma watched nervously, hoping the fox would be okay. After the treatment, they made a small, warm nest for the fox near the tent. Over the next few days, they took turns looking after her, feeding her small pieces of food and fresh water. The fox gradually got used to them and stopped being so scared. A few days later, the fox’s leg was fully healed. Max and Emma knew it was time to let her go back to her natural habitat. They felt a bit sad but also happy for the fox. They carried her to the place where they had found her. Gently, they put the fox down. The fox looked at them for a moment as if saying thank you, then ran into the woods. Max and Emma watched until she disappeared. They realized that this experience not only taught them to be kind to animals but also gave them a deeper understanding of the importance of co-existing with nature. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个四口之家在周末去附近树林探险时，意外发现一只受伤的小狐狸，他们将小狐狸带回家，照顾小狐狸直至痊愈，最后将小狐狸送到最开始遇到它的地方的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一回到营地，他们就赶紧叫来了父母。”可知，本段可描写父母赶紧救治了受伤的狐狸，并在接下来的几天照顾小狐狸。 ②由第二段首句内容“几天后，狐狸的腿完全愈合了。”可知，本段可描写Max和Emma决定将狐狸放回到栖息地，这次经历让他们明白了要善待动物，与自然和谐共处。 2.续写线索：叫来了父母——告知了父母情况——父母对狐狸进行了救治，并为狐狸做了一个小窝——孩子们轮流照顾狐狸——几天后，狐狸的腿愈合了——Max和Emma将狐狸放回到栖息地——感悟 3.词汇激活： 行为类 ①希望：hope/wish ②照顾：look after/ take care of ③适应：get used to/ get accustomed to 情绪类 ①震惊的：shocked/ astonished/ stunned ②高兴的：happy/ delighted ③害怕的：scared/ fearful/ terrified 【点睛】【高分句型1】Max and Emma watched nervously, hoping the fox would be okay.(运用了现在分词作状语。) 【高分句型2】They carried her to the place where they had found her.(运用了where引导定语从句。) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $