专题-S733 选修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 完形填空【题型易-考试题型精练】高二下(选择性必修四)英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版2019）

专题-S733完形填空 人教版选择性必修四 题型特训 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·新疆和田·期中）Giant pandas are beautiful black and white 1 . They look like 2 . They live only in 3 . They are very quiet and peaceful. They like eating 4 . They never eat meat. Baby giant pandas 5 a lot of time drinking their mum’s milk—more than fourteen hours a day! Mother giant pandas have only one 6 two babies at a time. When the babies are born, they 7 little white mice. There are only about one thousand giant pandas in the world now. Sadly it’s very 8 for giant pandas to stay alive in the world. Their number is getting 9 because their living places are becoming farmlands. If 10 keep taking the land, giant pandas will have 11 to live. Also, people 12 them for their fur. If this continues, then there will be no giant pandas in the world. So, what action can we take? We should 13 newspapers and magazines about the giant pandas in China. We should tell them about the 14 for giant pandas. If more people know about these problems, then maybe they will do 15 to help. 1. A．plants B．animals C．flowers D．trees 2. A．lions B．dogs C．bears D．monkeys 3. A．Russia B．Australia C．China D．India 4. A．bananas B．carrots C．bamboo D．cabbages 5. A．cost B．afford C．spend D．pay 6. A．or B．and C．but D．then 7. A．look as B．look at C．look like D．look up 8. A．difficult B．comfortable C．terrific D．enjoyable 9. A．bigger B．smaller C．more D．fewer 10. A．scientists B．workers C．travelers D．farmers 11. A．anywhere B．somewhere C．nowhere D．everywhere 12. A．protect B．feed C．help D．kill 13. A．write to B．write about C．write with D．write on 14. A．food B．problems C．lives D．environment 15. A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章首先描述了大熊猫的外观特征和生活习性，然后介绍了大熊猫目前面临的生存威胁，最后呼吁人们采取行动保护大熊猫。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大熊猫是美丽的黑白动物。A. plants植物；B. animals动物；C. flowers花；D. trees树。根据上文“Giant pandas”可知，大熊猫是动物，故选B项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们看起来像熊。A. lions狮子；B. dogs狗；C. bears熊；D. monkeys猴子。根据上文“They look like”可知，大熊猫也是熊的一种，所以看起来像熊，故选C项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们只生活在中国。A. Russia俄罗斯；B. Australia澳大利亚；C. China中国；D. India印度。根据上文“They live only in”和常识可知，大熊猫是中国特有的物种，所以住在中国，故选C项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们喜欢吃竹子。A. bananas香蕉；B. carrots胡萝卜；C. bamboo竹子；D. cabbages卷心菜。根据上文“They like eating”和常识可知，大熊猫以竹子为主食，故选C项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：熊猫幼崽花费很多时间喝妈妈的奶——超过十四个小时一天！A. cost花费；B. afford负担得起；C. spend花费；D. pay支付。根据下文“a lot of time”可知，这里描述的是熊猫幼崽“花费时间”来喝母乳，故选C项。 6. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：母熊猫一次只有一个或两个幼崽。A. or或者；B. and和；C. but但是；D. then然后。根据上下文“one ____ two babies”可知，大熊猫一胎只能生一两个幼崽，应该用“或者”来连接，故选A项。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当幼崽出生时，它们看起来像小白鼠。A. look as像……一样；B. look at看；C. look like看起来像；D. look up查找。根据下文“little white mice”可知，这里描述的是幼崽的外观，就好像小白鼠一样，应该用“看起来像”来表达，故选C项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于大熊猫来说，活在世界上是困难的。A. difficult困难的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. terrific极好的；D. enjoyable愉快的。根据上文“Sadly”可知，很令人悲伤的是，大熊猫面临生存困难，故选A项。 9. 考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：它们的数量正在变得更少，因为它们的栖息地正在变成农田。A. bigger更大的；B. smaller更小的；C. more更多的；D. fewer更少的。根据下文“their living places are becoming farmlands”可知，它们的栖息地变成农田了，所以他们的种群数量自然就会变少，句子的主语是number，要用smaller来修饰，故选B项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果农民们继续占用土地，大熊猫将没有可居住的地方。A. scientists科学家；B. workers工人；C. travelers旅行者；D. farmers农民。根据下文“keep taking the land”可知，这里指的是占用土地的人群，只有农民会需要土地，故选D项。 11. 考查不定副词词义辨析。句意：如果农民们继续占用土地，大熊猫将没有可居住的地方。A. anywhere任何地方；B. somewhere某个地方；C. nowhere没有地方；D. everywhere每个地方。根据上文“keep taking the land”可知，如果一直掠夺大熊猫的栖息地，它们将无处可住，故选C项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，人们杀害它们以获取它们的皮毛。A. protect保护；B. feed喂养；C. help帮助；D. kill杀害。根据下文“for their fur”可知，这里描述的是人们为了皮毛而杀害大熊猫，故选D项。 13. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们可以采取什么行动？我们应该写信给报纸和杂志，投稿关于中国大熊猫的文章。A. write to写信给；B. write about写关于；C. write with用……写；D. write on写在……上。根据下文“newspapers and magazines”可知，这里指的是写关于大熊猫的文章，那么首先就要给报社或杂志社写信投稿。故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该告诉他们关于大熊猫的生存问题。A. food食物；B. problems问题；C. lives生活；D. environment环境。根据下文“know about these problems”可知，作者建议给报社投稿的主题是描述大熊猫面临的问题，故选B项。 15. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果更多的人知道这些问题，那么也许他们会做些什么来帮忙。A. something某事；B. nothing什么也不；C. everything一切；D. anything任何事。根据下文“to help”可知，这里表示人们可能会采取一些行动来帮助，也就是做些什么，故选A项。 Passage 2 （23-24高二下·广东惠州·期中）One day a small gap appeared in the cocoon (茧), through which the butterfly would come out. A boy, who 1 passed by, stopped and watched how the butterfly was trying to 2 of the cocoon. It 3 several hours. The butterfly was trying very hard, but the 4 was as little as before. It seemed that the power would 5 the butterfly soon. The boy decided to 6 the butterfly. He took a penknife and cut the cocoon. The butterfly immediately came out, but it was very small and 7 , and the wings were 8 moving. The boy continued to 9 the butterfly, thinking that now its wings would 10 and it would fly. 11 , that did not happen. The rest of its life the butterfly had to drag its weak body and wings that wouldn’t unfold. It was unable to fly because the boy did not realize that a(an) 12 to force itself through the narrow gap of the cocoon was 13 for the butterfly, so that the life-giving fluid would move from the body to the butterfly’s wings and that the butterfly could fly. Life forced the butterfly to leave its shell so hard that it would gain the 14 to grow and develop. Just like the butterfly, if we were allowed to live without meeting difficulties, we would not survive. Life gives us 15 to make us braver and stronger. 1. A．independently B．joyfully C．accidentally D．absolutely 2. A．give out B．get out C．work out D．take out 3. A．saved B．wasted C．lost D．took 4. A．entry B．escape C．gap D．vigour 5. A．leave B．trip C．leap D．settle 6. A．check B．help C．move D．cure 7. A．neat B．scared C．soft D．weak 8. A．barely B．slowly C．suddenly D．sharply 9. A．tend B．restore C．defend D．observe 10. A．divide B．perform C．spread D．gather 11. A．Thus B．Instead C．However D．Meanwhile 12. A．talent B．effort C．motivation D．approach 13. A．essential B．rewarding C．flexible D．cruel 14. A．fortune B．assistance C．guidance D．power 15. A．challenges B．accidents C．chaos D．restrictions 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了男孩偶然遇到正在破茧的蝴蝶，因怜悯其艰难挣扎而剪开茧帮助它。然而，未经自然挣扎过程的蝴蝶身体虚弱，无法展翅飞翔。故事的寓意在于强调经历困难挑战对于成长和发展的重要性，人生也是如此，面对困难使我们变得更勇敢、更强大。 1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个无意中路过的男孩停了下来，看着蝴蝶如何从茧中出来。A. independently独立地；B. joyfully快乐地；C. accidentally意外地；D. absolutely绝对地。根据下文“passed by”可知，此处表示男孩无意中路过。故选C项。 2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个无意中路过的男孩停了下来，看着蝴蝶如何从茧中出来。A. give out分发，宣布；B. get out出来；C. work out锻炼；D. take out去除。根据上文“One day a small gap appeared in the cocoon (茧), through which the butterfly would come out.”可知，此处表示蝴蝶从茧中出来，get out of表示“从……中出来”。故选B项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这花费了几个小时。A. saved救，节省；B. wasted浪费；C. lost丢失；D. took花费。根据下文“several hours”以及语境可知，蝴蝶破茧花费了几个小时。故选D项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶非常努力，但裂缝还是和以前一样小。A. entry进入，入口；B. escape逃脱；C. gap间隙；D. vigour活力。根据上文“One day a small gap appeared in the cocoon (茧), through which the butterfly would come out.”以及下文“was as little as before”可知，句子前后表示转折关系，虽然蝴蝶很努力，但是裂缝还是一样小。故选C项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看来力量很快就会离开蝴蝶。A. leave离开；B. trip使跌倒；C. leap跳跃；D. settle解决。根据上文“It ____3____ several hours. The butterfly was trying very hard, but the ____4____ was as little as before.”可知，蝴蝶已经努力了几个小时，所以此处表示力量似乎要离开蝴蝶，即蝴蝶的力量似乎要用完了。故选A项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩决定帮助蝴蝶。A. check检查；B. help帮助；C. move移动；D. cure治愈。根据下文“He took a penknife and cut the cocoon. The butterfly immediately came out,”可知，此处表示男孩决定帮助蝴蝶。故选B项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶立刻飞了出来，但它又小又弱，翅膀几乎不能动。A. neat整洁的；B. scared害怕的；C. soft柔软的；D. weak虚弱的。根据下文“The rest of its life the butterfly had to drag its weak body and wings that wouldn’t unfold.”可知，此处表示蝴蝶又小又弱。故选D项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶立刻飞了出来，但它又小又弱，翅膀几乎不能动。A. barely几乎不；B. slowly慢慢地；C. suddenly突然；D. sharply急剧地。根据下文“It was unable to fly”可知，此处表示蝴蝶的翅膀几乎不能动。故选A项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩继续观察着蝴蝶，想着现在它的翅膀会展开，它会飞起来。A. tend倾向于，照顾；B. restore恢复；C. defend保卫；D. observe观察。根据上文“A boy, who  ___1___  passed by, stopped and watched how the butterfly was trying to  ____2____  of the cocoon.”以及“The boy continued to”可知，男孩在继续观察蝴蝶。故选D项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩继续观察着蝴蝶，想着现在它的翅膀会展开，它会飞起来。A. divide分开；B. perform执行；C. spread展开；D. gather聚集。根据下文“and it would fly”以及常识可知，蝴蝶需要展开翅膀，才能飞起来。故选C项。 11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有发生。A. Thus因此；B. Instead取而代之的是；C. However然而；D. Meanwhile同时。根据上文“The boy continued to  ____9____  the butterfly, thinking that now its wings would  ____10____  and it would fly.”以及下文“that did not happen.”可知，前后句表示转折关系，空处应用副词however，表示“然而”。故选C项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它无法飞行，因为男孩没有意识到，迫使自己穿过茧的狭窄缝隙的努力对蝴蝶来说是至关重要的，这样赋予生命的液体就会从身体转移到蝴蝶的翅膀上，蝴蝶才能飞行。A. talent天赋；B. effort努力；C. motivation动机；D. approach方法。根据下文“to force itself through the narrow gap of the cocoon”以及语境可知，此处表示为穿过茧的狭窄缝隙，蝴蝶所做出的努力。故选B项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它无法飞行，因为男孩没有意识到，迫使自己穿过茧的狭窄缝隙的努力对蝴蝶来说是至关重要的，这样赋予生命的液体就会从身体转移到蝴蝶的翅膀上，蝴蝶才能飞行。A. essential至关重要的；B. rewarding有益的；C. flexible灵活的；D. cruel残酷的。根据下文“so that the life-giving fluid would move from the body to the butterfly’s wings and that the butterfly could fly.”可知，迫使自己穿过茧的狭窄缝隙，对蝴蝶而言是至关重要的。故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：生命迫使蝴蝶如此困难地离开外壳，从而获得生长和发展的力量。A. fortune财富；B. assistance援助；C. guidance指导；D. power力量。根据上文“Life forced the butterfly to leave its shell so hard that it would gain the___14___ to grow and develop”以及语境可知，蝴蝶离开外壳很困难，但蝴蝶也能从这一过程中获得力量。故选D项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活给了我们挑战，让我们变得更勇敢、更强大。A. challenges挑战；B. accidents事故；C. chaos混沌；D. restrictions限制。根据上文“Just like the butterfly, if we were allowed to live without meeting difficulties, we would not survive.”可知，此处表示生活中的挑战会让我们变得更加勇敢、更加强大。故选A项。 Passage 3 （23-24高二下·山西晋城·期末）I took my cat, Rag, into Dr MacFarland’s clinic for his illness. Rag was 1 of being in this strange place. He screamed all the way. Putting the cat carrier down in the corner. I began to 2 the necessary paperwork. Then suddenly it got 3 . No more crying. I raised my head, listening 4 . Still, silence. A sudden 5 rushed over me as I realized that the front door to Dr MacFarland’s clinic was still open. I thought Rag must have 6 outside! Immediately, I 7 the pen and turned to rush out of the door. I hadn’t taken more than two steps when I stopped short — attracted by the 8 before me. Rag, still in his carrier, had his pink nose pressed up against the bars. He was exchanging greetings with another cat who could only get around by 9 his back legs behind him. Obviously, that cat tried to 10 Rag’s fears in a way only another cat would know. It was clear that the little interaction had made a big 11 in his mood. Rag calmed down. I couldn’t help but feel a sense of 12 . Later, I 13 the receptionist about the cat. She 14 Slick’s story. A road accident left him half paralyzed. Then the receptionist smiled and said, “When he recovered with their help, Slick, 15 , became a help around the place.” As we left the clinic. I looked back at Slick. He was comforting another scared cat. 1. A．tired B．capable C．ashamed D．frightened 2. A．fill out B．throw away C．check in D．pick on 3. A．noisy B．quiet C．crowded D．busy 4. A．desperately B．closely C．casually D．angrily 5. A．excitement B．joy C．guilt D．fear 6. A．escaped B．stepped C．disappeared D．played 7. A．held B．adjusted C．dropped D．selected 8. A．track B．vision C．scene D．image 9. A．stretching B．dragging C．lifting D．shaking 10. A．hide B．ease C．break D．process 11. A．decision B．movement C．difference D．promise 12. A．relief B．satisfaction C．justice D．loss 13. A．taught B．warned C．reminded D．inquired 14. A．created B．announced C．unfolded D．rewrote 15. A．on purpose B．on duty C．in depth D．in turn 【答案】 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者带自己的小猫拉格去医院就诊，由于害怕，拉格吵闹不止，之后在一只瘫痪小猫的安抚下，终于平静下来的故事。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉格害怕来到这个陌生的地方。A. tired劳累的；B. capable有能力的；C. ashamed羞耻的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“in this strange place. He screamed all the way.”可知，拉格感到害怕。故选D项。 2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始填写必要的文件。A. fill out填写；B. throw away扔掉；C. check in检查；D. pick on挑剔。根据后文“the necessary paperwork”可知，作者需要填写一些文件。故选A项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后它突然安静下来。A. noisy喧闹的；B. quiet安静的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. busy繁忙的。根据后文“No more crying.”可知，猫咪不再吵闹，安静下来。故选B项。 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我抬起头，细心听。A. desperately绝望地；B. closely仔细地；C. casually随意地；D. angrily生气地。根据前文“He screamed all the way.”及“No more crying.”可知，作者对于猫咪突然安静下来感到奇怪，故而仔细去听。故选B项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到麦克法兰医生诊所的前门还开着时，一阵恐惧突然涌上心头。A. excitement兴奋；B. joy喜悦；C. guilt愧疚；D. fear害怕。根据前文“No more crying.”及后文“the front door to Dr MacFarland’s clinic was still open”和“I thought Rag must have _____6___ outside! ”可知，作者看到医生诊所的门开着，害怕猫咪跑出去了。故选D项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为拉格逃到外面去了！A. escaped逃跑；B. stepped迈步；C. disappeared消失；D. played玩耍。根据前文“the front door to Dr MacFarland’s clinic was still open”可知，作者看到医生诊所的门开着，以为猫咪跑出去了。故选A项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻扔下笔，转身冲出门外。A. held握住；B. adjusted调整；C. dropped扔下；D. selected挑选。根据前文“I thought Rag must have _____6___ outside! ”及后文“turned to rush out of the door”可知，作者以为猫咪跑出去了，所以立刻扔下手中的笔，冲出门外找猫。故选C项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刚走了两步，就突然停下了——被眼前的场景吸引住了。A. track轨迹；B. vision视力；C. scene场景；D. image图像。根据下文“He was exchanging greetings with another cat”可知，作者被自己的猫和另一只猫的互动场景吸引了。故选C项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正在和另一只猫打招呼，那只猫只能拖着后腿四处走动。A. stretching延伸；B. dragging拖动；C. lifting举起；D. shaking摇晃。根据后文“A road accident left him half paralyzed.”可知，这只猫咪是瘫痪的，故而只能拖着腿走。故选B项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，那只猫试图用一种只有它才知道的方式来缓解拉格的恐惧。A. hide隐藏；B. ease减轻；C. break打破；D. process加工。根据前文“Rag was ____1____ of being in this strange place.”及后文“ Rag’s fears”可知，这只猫咪在试图减轻拉格的恐惧。故选B项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这小小的互动使他的情绪发生了很大的变化。A. decision决定；B. movement移动；C. difference不同；D. promise承诺。根据后文“Rag calmed down.”说明这只猫的举动非常有用，安抚了拉格的情绪，make a difference表示“起作用，产生影响”。故选C项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不禁感到如释重负。A. relief放松；B. satisfaction满足；C. justice公平；D. loss损失。根据前文“I thought Rag must have _____6___ outside!”及“Rag calmed down.”可知，作者看到拉格并没有跑丢，反而安静下来，感到如释重负。故选A项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我向前台询问那只猫的情况。A. taught教授；B. warned警告；C. reminded提醒；D. inquired询问。根据后文“the receptionist about the cat”及“She ____14___ Slick’s story.”可知，作者向前台打听那只猫的情况。故选D项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她讲述了斯利克的故事。A. created创造；B. announced宣布；C. unfolded打开，呈现；D. rewrote重写。根据后文“A road accident left him half paralyzed.”可知，前台向作者讲述了猫咪的故事。故选C项。 15. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：然后前台微笑着说：“当他在他们的帮助下康复后，斯利克也成为了这里的帮手。”A. on purpose故意地；B. on duty值班；C. in depth深入地；D. in turn依次，转而。根据前文“he recovered with their help”及后文“became a help around the place”并结合前文斯利克安抚拉格的行为可知，斯利克受到了人们的帮助，它也转而帮助来医院就诊的动物们。故选D项。 Passage 4 （2024·广东·模拟预测）One day, I was standing on the boat when a very large female leopard seal swam by. I put on my diving gear and got my camera. I was 1 . My mouth was dry. At first, I couldn’t even move. But I knew it was time to 2 this mysterious creature. I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam toward me. Then she put my entire camera—and much of my 3 — into her mouth. Although the seal was putting me at risk, I tried not to 4 any fear. After a few seconds, she let go of my head. She 5 me a few more times and swam away. Then she 6 with a live penguin. She even tried to show me how to 7 it. She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 8 ! The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to 9 me, I realized. By now, she didn’t seem very 10 . She stayed by me for four days. One time, she noticed another leopard seal 11 behind me. She made a deep, threatening sound and 12 the other seal away. Those four days were the most incredible experience I ever had as a wildlife 13 . I got some amazing pictures. I also learned that animals do not always behave the way we 14 . My relationship with this powerful and 15 animal will stay with me forever. 1. A．amused B．enthusiastic C．cautious D．frightened 2. A．approach B．rescue C．treat D．hunt 3. A．leg B．head C．body D．neck 4. A．feel B．arouse C．reveal D．overcome 5. A．attacked B．threatened C．disturbed D．confused 6. A．disappeared B．communicated C．returned D．competed 7. A．digest B．eat C．seize D．injure 8. A．mouth B．eyes C．nose D．stomach 9. A．discipline B．adopt C．observe D．feed 10. A．powerful B．dangerous C．sensitive D．gentle 11. A．come across B．come back C．come over D．come up 12. A．drove B．directed C．took D．waved 13. A．manager B．painter C．advocate D．photographer 14. A．demand B．work C．expect D．react 15. A．intelligent B．accessible C．primitive D．anxious 【答案】 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次潜水中遇到了一只大型雌豹海豹，尽管起初感到恐惧，但作者还是决定与其互动。海豹将作者的相机吞入口中，但后来又将其吐出。随后，海豹还试图将一只活企鹅送给作者，原以为相机是作者的伙伴。海豹还呆在作者身边四天，并保护作者不受其他海豹的威胁。作者通过这次经历学到了动物不总是按照我们的想法行动。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我吓坏了。A. amused被逗乐的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. cautious小心的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“My mouth was dry. At first, I couldn’t even move.”可知，作者嘴巴发干，不敢动，所以是吓到了。故选D项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我知道是时候接近这个神秘的生物了。A. approach接近；B. rescue营救；C. treat处理；D. hunt打猎。根据后文“I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam toward me.”可知，作者跳进水里，所以是接近这个神秘的生物。故选A项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她把我的整个相机——还有我的大部分脑袋——放进她的嘴里。A. leg腿；B. head头；C. body身体；D. neck脖子。根据后文“After a few seconds, she let go of my head.”可知，是作者大部分脑袋被放进海豹的嘴里。故选B项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然海豹让我处于危险之中，但我尽量不表现出任何恐惧。A. feel感觉到；B. arouse激起；C. reveal露出；D. overcome克服。根据前文“Although the seal was putting me at risk”，以及后文“any fear”结合选项可知，Although引导的句子，应和后文构成转折，所以应是“虽然处于危险中，但不表现出任何恐惧”符合语境。故选C项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她又威胁了我几次，就游走了。A. attacked攻击；B. threatened威胁；C. disturbed干扰；D. confused使迷惑。根据前文“Then she put my entire camera—and much of my ____3___ into her mouth.”可知，海报把作者的头放进嘴里，是一种威胁，所以此处应是又威胁了作者几次。故选B项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她带着一只活企鹅回来了。A. disappeared消失；B. communicated沟通；C. returned返回；D. competed竞争。根据前文“swam away”以及后文的“with a live penguin”可知，前面说海豹游走了，所以此处应是带着一只活企鹅回来了。故选C项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至试着教我怎么吃。A. digest消化；B. eat吃；C. seize抓住；D. injure伤害。根据前文“Then she ____6___ with a live penguin.”可知，海豹带回一直企鹅，结合选项，应是把企鹅作为食物，海豹向作者展示怎么吃。故选B项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她试图把企鹅推到我的相机里——她以为相机是我的嘴！A. mouth嘴；B. eyes眼睛；C. nose鼻子；D. stomach胃。根据前文“She even tried to show me how to____7____it. She tried to push the penguin into my camera”可知，海豹向作者展示怎么吃企鹅，并且往相机里放，应是把相机当成了嘴。故选A项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，海豹以为我只是另一只大型动物，她想要喂我。A. discipline训诫；B. adopt采用；C. observe观察；D. feed喂养。根据前文“She even tried to show me how to____7____it. She tried to push the penguin into my camera”可知，海豹想要把企鹅喂给作者。故选D项。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她看起来并不是很危险。A. powerful强大的；B. dangerous危险的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. gentle温和的。根据前文“The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to____9____me, I realized.”可知，海豹想喂作者，所以是看起来并不是很危险。故选B项。 11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一次，她注意到另一只豹纹海豹从我身后走近。A. come across偶然遇见；B. come back回来；C. come over过来；D. come up走近。根据前文“she noticed another leopard seal”以及后文“behind me”可知，她注意到另一只豹纹海豹从作者身后走近。故选D项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它发出一声低沉的威胁声，把另一只海豹赶走了。A. drove驱赶；B. directed指导；C. took带走；D. waved挥舞。根据前文“She made a deep, threatening sound”可知，它发出一声低沉的威胁声，应是把另一只海豹赶走了。故选A项。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那四天是我作为野生动物摄影师最不可思议的经历。A. manager经理；B. painter画家；C. advocate支持者；D. photographer摄影师。根据前文“I put on my diving gear and got my camera.”可知，作者拿着照相机，所以应是野生动物摄影师。故选D项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还了解到，动物的行为并不总是像我们期望的那样。A. demand需要；B. work工作；C. expect预期；D. react反应。根据前文“Then she put my entire camera—and much of my ____3____— into her mouth.”及“She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my ___8____!”可知，海豹的行为前后发生了很大的变化，一开始威胁作者，后来给作者分享食物。说明海豹并不是像人们认为的那样可怕危险。故选C项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和这只强大而聪明的动物的关系将永远伴随着我。A. intelligent聪明的；B. accessible可使用的；C. primitive原始的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据前文“The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to____9____me, I realized.”可知，这只海豹有自己的想法，知道和其他动物交朋友，所以是聪明的。故选A项。 Passage 5 （23-24高二下·广东肇庆·阶段练习）While so many birds visit our leafy garden every year, it’s the pair of tawny frogmouths (茶色夜鹰) that have been returning for years to 1 their young that bring the most excitement. It’s been wonderful to observe how both parents take on the 2 duty of caring for their young. Last summer the frogmouth family, parents and two babies, was 3 sitting in a tree close to our back deck 4 the late afternoon sunshine. With little 5 , dark clouds emerged, and 6 rain began to fall. At first the birds seemed to enjoy the rain and moved out along the branch, fluffing up (抖开) their feathers to 7 the wet weather. But within minutes, day turned to night. Dark clouds brought a 8 heavy storm; crashing thunder and blinding lightning, wild winds and driving rain turned the garden into a(n) 9 place for the little family. Through the flashes of lightning, we watched in 10 as the parents guided their young back along the branch until they were all gathered close to the tree trunk, both parents spreading their wings over their young to 11 them from the rain. When the storm passed, the family walked 12 out along the branch and spread their wings to enjoy the sunshine. When I look up at the pair of tawny frogmouths who continue to 13 our garden, I know I’m not just looking at 14 parents, but very 15 ones. 1. A．monitor B．save C．raise D．teach 2. A．painful B．risky C．simple D．serious 3. A．happily B．nervously C．hungrily D．bravely 4. A．avoiding B．enjoying C．expecting D．following 5. A．chance B．hope C．reporting D．warning 6. A．light B．heavy C．freezing D．seasonal 7. A．pay attention to B．keep track of C．get rid of D．take advantage of 8. A．late B．slow C．sudden D．perfect 9. A．attractive B．unsafe C．hiding D．unimportant 10. A．amazement B．horror C．embarrassment D．regret 11. A．remove B．distract C．protect D．separate 12. A．quietly B．away C．back D．sleepily 13. A．visit B．decorate C．approach D．clean 14. A．restless B．devoted C．shy D．determined 15. A．proud B．lucky C．demanding D．wise 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了一对茶色夜鹰在作者家花园中抚养幼崽的情景，特别是在一场暴风雨中如何保护幼崽的经过。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年都有许多鸟类来到我们绿树成荫的花园，但最令人兴奋的是那对茶色夜鹰年复一年地回来抚养它们的幼鸟。A. monitor监督；B. save挽救；C. raise提高、抚养；D. teach教。根据下文“It’s been wonderful to observe how both parents take on the ____2____ duty of caring for their young.”可知，空处指的是这对茶色夜鹰每年都会回来抚养幼鸟。故选C。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：观察这对父母如何肩负起照顾幼鸟的重任，真是太好了。A. painful痛苦的；B. risky冒险的；C. simple简单的；D. serious严重的、认真的。根据下文内容可知，这对父母非常认真地履行着照顾幼鸟的责任。故选D。 3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，夜鹰一家，父母和两只幼鸟，快乐地坐在靠近我们后甲板的一棵树上，享受着傍晚的阳光。A. happily开心地；B. nervously紧张地；C. hungrily饥饿地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据下文“sitting in a tree close to our back deck ____4____ the late afternoon sunshine.”可知，夜鹰一家是开心地坐在树上享受傍晚的阳光。故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，夜鹰一家，父母和两只幼鸟，快乐地坐在靠近我们后甲板的一棵树上，享受着傍晚的阳光。A. avoiding避免；B. enjoying享受；C. expecting期待；D. following追随。根据上文的内容“Last summer the frogmouth family, parents and two babies, was ____3____ sitting in a tree close to our back deck”可知，夜鹰一家是在享受阳光。故选B。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么预兆，乌云密布，细雨开始飘落。A. chance机会；B. hope希望；C. reporting报道；D. warning警告，预告。根据“dark clouds emerged”以及上文“夜鹰一家在享受阳光”可知，这场雨来得没有预兆。故选D。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么预兆，乌云密布，细雨开始飘落。A. light轻的、细微的；B. heavy重的；C. freezing冰冻的；D. seasonal季节的、周期性的。根据下文“At first the birds seemed to enjoy the rain and moved out along the branch, fluffing up(抖开) their feathers to ____7____ the wet weather.”可知，最初雨并不大，所以鸟儿还是很享受这场雨的。故选A。 7. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：起初，鸟儿们似乎很享受这场雨，它们沿着树枝飞出去，抖开羽毛以利用潮湿的天气。A. pay attention to注意；B. keep track of追踪……；记录；C. get rid of避免；D. take advantage of利用。根据空前的“fluffing up(抖开) their feathers”可知，鸟儿刚开始很享受雨水，所以是利用潮湿的天气。故选D。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乌云带来了突如其来的暴风雨；雷鸣电闪，狂风暴雨，使花园变成了这个小家庭不安全的地方。A. late迟的、晚的；B. slow缓慢的；C. sudden突然的；D. perfect完美的。更有上文“But within minutes, day turned to night.”可推测，几分钟之内，细雨就变成了暴雨，由此可知，这场暴风雨是突然爆发的。故选C。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乌云带来了突如其来的暴风雨；雷鸣电闪，狂风暴雨，使花园变成了这个小家庭不安全的地方。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. hiding躲藏的；D. unimportant不重要的。根据上文“crashing thunder and blinding lightning, wild winds and driving rain”可推测，此时的花园对夜鹰一家是不安全的。故选B。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在闪电的照耀下，我们惊奇地看到父母带着他们的孩子沿着树枝往回走，直到它们都聚集在树干附近，父母都把翅膀张开在它们的孩子身上，保护它们免受雨水的伤害。A. amazement惊异；B. horror恐怖；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. regret遗憾、后悔。根据下文“as the parents guided their young back along the branch until they were all gathered close to the tree trunk, both parents spreading their wings over their young to ____11____ them from the rain.”可推测，作者一家看到这一切应该是感到很惊奇。考查短语：in amazement，意为“惊奇地”，符合句意。故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在闪电的照耀下，我们惊奇地看到父母带着他们的孩子沿着树枝往回走，直到他们都聚集在树干附近，父母都把翅膀张开在它们的孩子身上，保护它们免受雨水的伤害。A. remove去除；B. distract分散；C. protect保护；D. separate分隔。根据上文的“spreading their wings over their young”可知，夜鹰父母将翅膀张开在幼鸟身上。根据常理可知，此举是为了保护幼鸟免受雨水的伤害。故选C。 12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨过去后，一家人沿着树枝走回来，展开翅膀享受阳光。A. quietly安静地；B. away远离；C. back向后，回来；D. sleepily懒散地。根据上文内容可知，大雨来临时，夜鹰一家是沿着树枝来到树干处。而此时，暴风雨过去后，夜鹰一家又回来享受阳光。故选C。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我抬头看着那对继续造访我们花园的茶色夜鹰时，我知道我看到的不仅仅是尽职尽责的父母，还有非常明智的父母。A. visit参观、拜访；B. decorate装饰；C. approach接近、解决；D. clean清理。考查原词重现，根据文章第一段“While so many birds visit our leafy garden every year”可知，空处指的是“拜访”，即“visit”。故选A。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我抬头看着那对继续造访我们花园的茶色夜鹰时，我知道我看到的不仅仅是尽职尽责的父母，还有非常明智的父母。A. restless不安宁的；B. devoted投入的；C. shy害羞的；D. determined坚定的。根据上文内容可知，这对夜鹰父母非常尽职尽责地在抚育幼鸟。故选B。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我抬头看着那对继续造访我们花园的茶色夜鹰时，我知道我看到的不仅仅是尽职尽责的父母，还有非常聪明的父母。A. proud自豪的；B. lucky幸运的；C. demanding要求高的；D. wise明智的、聪明的。根据上文内容可知，暴风雨来临时，这对夜鹰父母将鸟带到树干处，并张开翅膀保护幼鸟。由此可知，这对夜鹰父母非常聪明。故选D。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高二上·河南许昌·期末）My family always had some sort of animal around, but none of them were truly mine. My parents didn’t permit me to 1 my own until I was seven years old. Finally, I was 2 to have my own 3 , a fish called George. I said it was my responsibility to 4 it. Every Friday I would clean out his bowl. I found myself 5 invitations to go somewhere immediately after school, because I would have to feed my fish first. Every day he would remind me that I was 6 and that I had someone depending on me. One day, I came home from school and headed to my room to 7 George. I found a 8 thing had happened. I 9 my bag and ran over to the bowl. I saw my best friend George floating around lifeless. My mom walked into my room. I turned around as tears started to well in my eyes. “Mommy, George d…d…died.” With that 10 word I started crying uncontrollably. My mom came to my side as I hid my face in my pillows. Suddenly, I realized that George hadn’t just 11 me. He had taught me what 12 meant. I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl. This made me feel 13 . To my seven-year-old self, this was a great 14 . Slowly, a smile crossed my face. George was gone. 15 , the lessons he taught me would forever be carved into my memory. 1. A．draw B．imagine C．have D．share 2. A．doubtful B．excited C．surprised D．afraid 3. A．toy B．mind C．time D．pet 4. A．take care of B．make use of C．get hold of D．look forward to 5. A．reading out B．putting away C．turning down D．showing off 6. A．replaced B．recognized C．affected D．needed 7. A．feed B．save C．impress D．find 8. A．basic B．terrible C．funny D．familiar 9. A．dropped B．emptied C．hid D．checked 10. A．common B．last C．extra D．new 11. A．left B．reminded C．defeated D．chosen 12. A．preference B．independence C．difficulty D．responsibility 13. A．safe B．good C．sorry D．tired 14. A．agreement B．treatment C．disappointment D．achievement 15. A．Otherwise B．Besides C．However D．Therefore 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在作者7岁的时候，妈妈给了他一个宠物，一条名为George的鱼。作者觉得照顾好这条鱼是他的责任。后来George死了，但是George教会了他什么叫责任。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母直到我七岁才允许我拥有自己的（宠物）。A. draw画画；B. imagine想象；C. have有；D. share分享。根据下文“I was 　　2　　 to have my own”可知，作者直到7岁才被允许拥有自己的宠物。故选C。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我很高兴有了自己的宠物，一条叫乔治的鱼。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. excited兴奋的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文“My family always had some sort of animal around, but none of them were truly mine.”可知，作者一直没有自己的宠物，现在有了，应该是很兴奋。故选B。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. toy玩具；B. mind思想；C. time时间；D. pet宠物。根据“a fish called George.”可知，这条叫George的鱼是作者的宠物。故选D。 4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我说过照顾好它是我的责任。A. take care of照顾；B. make use of利用；C. get hold of抓住；D. look forward to期待。根据下文“Every Friday I would clean out his bowl.”可知，作者觉得自己有责任照顾好这条鱼。故选A。 5. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我发现自己会拒绝放学后马上去某个地方的邀请，因为我得先喂鱼。A. reading out大声读；B. putting away把……收起来；C. turning down拒绝，调小；D. showing off炫耀。根据“because I would have to feed my fish first.”可知，因为要喂鱼，作者拒绝了同学的邀请。故选C。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天他都会提醒我，有人需要我，有人在依靠着我。A. replaced代替；B. recognized识别；C. affected影响；D. needed需要。根据“that I had someone depending on me.”可知，作者觉得George需要他。故选D。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我从学校回到家，去我的房间喂乔治。A. feed喂养；B. save拯救；C. impress给……留下深刻印象；D. find找到。根据上文“I found myself 　　5　　 invitations to go somewhere immediately after school, because I would have to feed my fish first.”可知，作者每天回家第一件事就是喂George。故选A。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现发生了一件可怕的事情。A. basic基础的；B. terrible可怕的；C. funny有趣的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据““Mommy, George d…d…died.””可知，George死了，这对作者来说是一件可怕的事情。故选B。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我扔下包，跑到鱼缸边。A. dropped使落下；B. emptied倒空，腾空；C. hid隐藏；D. checked检查。根据“One day, I came home from school”可知，此处指作者放下书包。故选A。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：说完最后一个字，我不由自主地哭了起来。A. common普通的；B. last最后的；C. extra额外的；D. new新的。根据“I started crying uncontrollably.”可知，这里是指作者哭之前说完的最后一个字。故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到乔治并没有离开我。A. left离开；B. reminded提醒；C. defeated打败；D. chosen选择。根据下文“He had taught me what 　　12　　 meant. I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl.”可知，坐着觉得George没有离开自己。故选A。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他教会了我责任的意义。A. preference偏爱；B. independence独立；C. difficulty困难；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“I said it was my responsibility to 　　4　　 it.”可知，此处是信息词responsibility的词汇复现。故选D。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我感觉很好。A. safe安全的；B. good好的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. tired劳累的。根据“He had taught me what 　　12　　 meant. I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl.”可知，作者觉得自己通过喂鱼和清理鱼缸学会了责任的意义，这让他感觉很好。故选B。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对7岁的我来说，这是一个伟大的成就。A. agreement同意；B. treatment治疗；C. disappointment失望；D. achievement成就。根据上文“He had taught me what 　　12　　 meant”可知，作者认为在自己这个年龄学会责任的意义是一个伟大的成就。故选D。 15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中。A. Otherwise否则；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。上文提到“George去世了”，下文提到“他教给我的教训将永远铭刻在我的记忆中。”，上下文形成转折关系。故选C。 Passage 7 （22-23高二下·浙江嘉兴·期末）One morning, I called our pregnant cat Socky to be fed, but she didn’t come. I thought she’d probably found somewhere to 1 her kittens (小猫) and would turn up later. But when Socky didn’t come at dinnertime, I really started to 2 . Socky had a 3 of having her kittens in strange places, so I 4 all her hiding-places but no Socky. The next day was Saturday and I had the 5 day to search for her. I rechecked under the house, but no luck. After lunch I took some 6 with me in case I found her, and then began searching the back shed (棚), which was filled with 7 boxes. After about an hour of moving boxes from one place to another and back again, I was extremely 8 . I sat down to have a rest when I heard 9 mewing. I pressed my 10 against each of the boxes to catch the sounds. 11 , I found Socky and her three newly-born kittens. As the boxes weren’t in 12 condition, I imagined that when Socky jumped into one of the bottom boxes, it must have caused the higher ones to fall, 13 her in. Socky was very 14 to see me and although she was weak, she managed to eat the food I brought her. I named the three kittens. They were all healthy and 15 to be great mouse catchers just like their mother. 1. A．hide B．nurse C．feed D．have 2. A．hesitate B．worry C．regret D．sympathise 3. A．habit B．way C．chance D．sense 4. A．selected B．checked C．discovered D．confirmed 5. A．busy B．perfect C．whole D．big 6. A．water B．food C．blankets D．clothes 7. A．huge B．heavy C．empty D．colourful 8. A．tired B．surprised C．annoyed D．embarrassed 9. A．unique B．lovely C．loud D．faint 10. A．finger B．nose C．ear D．mouth 11. A．Finally B．Actually C．Exactly D．Instantly 12. A．poor B．strange C．neat D．excellent 13. A．allowing B．taking C．involving D．shutting 14. A．pleased B．shocked C．curious D．nervous 15. A．happened B．grew C．continued D．failed 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者寻找将要生小猫的Socky的故事，最后在一个棚屋的空纸箱子里找到了Socky以及她的三只新出生的小猫，这三只小猫很健康并成长为像他们妈妈一样的捕鼠高手。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想她可能已经找到了生小猫的地方，过一会儿就会来。A. hide隐藏；B. nurse看护；C. feed喂养；D. have生，有。根据下文中的“Socky had a ____3____ of having her kittens in strange places”可知，此处指的是“生”小猫。故选D项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当Socky 在晚饭时间没有回来的时候，我真的开始担心了。A. hesitate犹豫；B. worry担忧；C. regret懊悔；D. sympathise同情。根据上文中的“But when Socky didn’t come at dinnertime”可知，吃饭时间了还没有回来，作者应是开始“担心”符合语境。故选B项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Socky 有个习惯，喜欢把小猫生在陌生的地方，所以我检查了她所有的藏身之处，但没有Socky 。A. habit习惯；B. way方式；C. chance机会；D. sense感觉。根据下文中的“having her kittens in strange places”可知，把小猫生在陌生的地方是一种“习惯”。故选A项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Socky 有个习惯，喜欢把小猫放在陌生的地方，所以我检查了她所有的藏身之处，但没有Socky 。A. selected挑选；B. checked检查；C. discovered发现；D. confirmed证实。根据语境及下文中的“The next day was Saturday and I had the ____5____ day to search for her.”可知，作者可以在周六寻找Socky，由此可推断，此处指的是“检查”。故选B项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天是星期六，我有一整天的时间去找她。A. busy忙碌的；B. perfect完美的；C. whole全部的；D. big大的。根据上文中的“The next day was Saturday”可知，明天是周六，作者可以“一整天”寻找Socky。故选C项。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：午饭后，我带了一些食物，以防我发现她，然后开始搜查后面的棚屋，那里堆满了空盒子。A. water水；B. food食物；C. blankets毯子；D. clothes衣服。根据下文中的“she managed to eat the food I brought her.”可知，此处指的是作者带着“食物”。故选B项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：午饭后，我带了一些食物，以防我发现她，然后开始搜查后面的棚屋，那里堆满了空盒子。A. huge巨大的；B. heavy重的；C. empty空的；D. colourful颜色鲜艳的。根据上文中的“and then began searching the back shed(棚)”可知，作者开始搜查棚屋，结合常识可知，棚屋力面应该是一些“空的”箱子。故选C项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把箱子从一个地方搬到另一个地方，又搬回来，大约一个小时后，我累极了。A. tired疲倦的，累的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. annoyed恼火的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文中的“After about an hour of moving boxes from one place to another and back again”可知，作者来回搬箱子搬了大约一个小时，所以作者应该是“累”了。故选A项。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我听到微弱的猫叫时，我坐下来休息。A. unique独特的；B. lovely可爱的；C. loud大声的；D. faint微弱的。根据下文中的“I pressed my ____10____ against each of the boxes to catch the sounds.”以及“although she was weak”可知，作者贴近箱子去听猫的叫声，而且猫很虚弱，由此可知，猫的声音很“微弱”。故选D项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把耳朵贴在每个盒子上听声音。A. finger手指；B. nose鼻子；C. ear耳朵；D. mouth口。根据下文中的“to catch the sounds.”可知，去听声音，应该是用“耳朵”，所以此处是将“耳朵”贴近箱子。故选C项。 11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了Socky 和她刚出生的三只小猫。A. Finally最后；B. Actually实际上；C. Exactly确切地；D. Instantly立刻。根据语境可知，作者在上文中一直在寻找猫，结合下文中的“I found Socky and her three newly-born kittens.”可知，此处指的是“最后”找到了Socky和她的三个新出生的小猫。故选A项。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于箱子不太整齐，我猜想，当Socky 跳进其中一个底部的箱子时，一定会把上面的箱子弄掉，把她关在里面。A. poor贫穷的；B. strange奇怪的；C. neat整齐的；D. excellent极好的。根据下文中的“I imagined that when Socky jumped into one of the bottom boxes, it must have caused the higher ones to fall, ____13____ her in.”可知，Socky跳进其中一个底部的箱子后，高处的箱子就倒塌了，由此可知，此处的箱子摆放不是“整齐的”。故选C项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于箱子不太整洁，我猜想，当Socky 跳进其中一个底部的箱子时，一定会把上面的箱子弄掉，把她关在里面。A. allowing允许；B. taking拿走；C. involving涉及；D. shutting关闭。根据上文中的“when Socky jumped into one of the bottom boxes, it must have caused the higher ones to fall”可知，高处的箱子倒了下来，应该是把跳入底部箱子的Socky给“关闭”起来。故选D项。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Socky见到我很高兴，虽然她很虚弱，但她还是吃了我给她带来的食物。A. pleased高兴的；B. shocked惊讶的；C. curious好奇的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文中的“to see me and although she was weak, she managed to eat the food I brought her.”可知，Socky见到作者并且作者给Socky带来了食物，所以此处Socky应该是“高兴的”。故选A项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们都很健康，长成了像妈妈一样的捕鼠高手。A. happened发生；B. grew成长；C. continued继续；D. failed失败。根据语境以及下文中的“to be great mouse catchers just like their mother.”可知，此处指的是他们很健康，“长成”像他们妈妈那样的捕鼠高手，符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 8 （2024·山东菏泽·模拟预测）While many cats love to go outdoors, they usually do not venture far from home. But some cats are the 1 . One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second 2 . Although Nala, a four-year-old cat has a home in Hertfordshire and a loving owner, she always loves 3 , with an adventurous spirit. Her owner, Natasha Ambler fitted her with a GPS tracking device. And Nala’s favorite place to 4 is the Stevenage Station where she 5 commuters every day. She comes in every day to greet hundreds of commuters. Ambler says that Nala goes to the station when it is the busiest because she enjoys the 6 . The staff at the station have grown very 7 of Nala. They say, “Her 8 always makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.” Nala wears a collar with 9 , including her name and owner’s phone number. Ambler says that she received around 20 calls a day from people telling her they 10 her cat. She had to make a second tag (标签) to tell people that Nala was not lost but just on a(n) 11 . Nala is so popular that Ambler 12 a website page where people can post photos of their 13 with the cat. One passenger posted, “She 14 my day when I get the train to work.” Another said, “Nala is 15 a real celebrity of the Stevenage Station.” 1. A．competitors B．cases C．negotiators D．exceptions 2. A．circus B．zoo C．home D．workplace 3. A．eating B．wandering C．hunting D．sleeping 4. A．visit B．skip C．monitor D．advocate 5. A．challenges B．delights C．guides D．disturbs 6. A．debate B．news C．space D．attention 7. A．worthy B．free C．fond D．proud 8. A．presence B．request C．performance D．trick 9. A．qualifications B．diaries C．details D．recommendations 10. A．found B．released C．struck D．adopted 11. A．business B．adventure C．exhibition D．diet 12. A．looked for B．referred to C．learned from D．set up 13. A．encounters B．fights C．quarrels D．comparisons 14. A．experiences B．makes C．explores D．examines 15. A．directly B．relatively C．frequently D．definitely 【答案】 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一只叫做娜拉的猫在车站给旅客和工作人员带去了欢乐。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有些猫是例外。A. competitors竞争者；B. cases具体情况，实例；病例；C. negotiators谈判代表；D. exceptions例外。根据下文“One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second  ____2____ .”可知，有些猫是例外。故选D项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一只猫甚至把英国一个繁忙的火车站当成了她的第二个家。A. circus马戏团；B. zoo动物园；C. home家； D. workplace（办公室，工厂）等工作场所。根据上下文中的“home”可知，火车站成了猫的第二个家。故选C项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管四岁的猫娜拉在赫特福德郡有一个家和一个爱她的主人，但她总是喜欢流浪，有一种冒险精神。A. eating吃；B. wandering徘徊，流浪；C. hunting狩猎； D. sleeping睡觉。根据下文“with an adventurous spirit”可知，猫喜欢流浪。故选B项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：娜拉最喜欢去的地方是斯蒂夫尼奇车站，她每天都在那里给通勤者带来欢乐。A. visit拜访；B. skip 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳；C. monitor监测；D. advocate提倡。根据上文“One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second  ____2____ .”可知，娜拉最喜欢去的地方是斯蒂夫尼奇车站。故选A项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：娜拉最喜欢去的地方是斯蒂夫尼奇车站，她每天都在那里给通勤者带来欢乐。A. challenges挑战；B. delights使高兴；C. guides指导；D. disturbs打扰。根据下文“She  ____14____  my day”可知，猫每天都在那里给通勤者带来欢乐。故选B项。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：安布勒说，娜拉在最繁忙的时候去车站，因为她喜欢受到关注。A. debate讨论；B. news消息；C. space空间；D. attention注意力。根据上文“when it is the busiest”可知，最忙时也是人最多的时候，所以人们更关注猫。故选D项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：车站的工作人员越来越喜欢娜拉。A. worthy值得的；B. free自由的；C. fond喜欢的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“Her  ____8____  always makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.”可知，车站的工作人员越来越喜欢娜拉。故选C项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说:“她的出现总是让人们微笑，并鼓励工作人员和乘客之间愉快的交谈”。A. presence出现；B. request要求；C. performance表演；D. trick诡计。根据下文“makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.”可知，她的出现总是让人们微笑。故选A项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：娜拉戴着一个有详细信息的项圈，包括她的名字和主人的电话号码。A. qualifications资格；B. diaries日记；C. details细节；D. recommendations推荐。根据下文“including her name and owner’s phone number.”可知，娜拉戴着一个有详细信息的项圈。故选C项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：安布勒说，她每天接到大约20个电话，人们告诉她他们找到了她的猫。A. found发现，找到；B. released释放；C. struck打击； D. adopted采纳。根据上文“she received around 20 calls a day”可知，人们告诉她他们找到了她的猫。故选A项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不做第二个标签，告诉人们娜拉没有迷路，只是在冒险。A. business商业；B. adventure冒险；C. exhibition展览会；D. diet饮食。根据上文“with an adventurous spirit”可知，娜拉喜欢冒险。故选B项。 12. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：娜拉是如此受欢迎，以至于Ambler建立了一个网站页面，人们可以在上面发布他们与这只猫的相遇照片。A. looked for寻找；B. referred to指的是；C. learned from从…中学习；D. set up建立。根据下文“a website page”可知，Ambler建立了一个网站页面。故选D项。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：娜拉是如此受欢迎，以至于Ambler建立了一个网站页面，人们可以在上面发布他们与这只猫的相遇照片。A. encounters偶遇；B. fights打仗；C. quarrels争吵；D. comparisons对比。根据上文“Ambler says that she received around 20 calls a day from people telling her they  ____10____  her cat.”可知，人们会偶遇娜拉。故选A项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位乘客写道:“当我坐火车去上班时，她让我很开心。A. experiences经历；B. makes制作，使得；C. explores探索者；D. examines检查。根据上文“makes people smile”可知，猫的出现让他很开心。make one’s day“使某人开心”。故选B项。 15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：还有人说:“娜拉绝对是斯蒂夫尼奇车站的真正名人”。A. directly直接地；B. relatively相对地；C. frequently频繁地；D. definitely确定地。根据上文可知，娜拉受到了很多人的喜欢，所以娜拉绝对是斯蒂夫尼奇车站的真正名人。故选D项。 Passage 9 （22-23高二下·河南商丘·期末）Lately, I have been struggling to connect with my dad because our conversations have seemed unimportant to him. In a half-hearted attempt to find something that 1 him, I pulled out my phone and showed him a few 2 of Jay, my new pet rabbit. “Did Mom tell you I got a bunny?” It was a strange question. To my surprise, my dad’s 3 were lifted. “A black bunny!” he called out, getting closer to 4 the photos. He wanted to know more. I hurried to find more photos, holding on to this 5 opportunity. I shouldn’t be 6 that it was a bunny that broke through the 7 between my dad and me. Growing up, we never talked much. 8 , our time together centered around animals, like catching crayfish at the river and caring for turtles and crabs. 9 animals has always been our thing. A few months later, I came prepared with more photos and videos of Jay on my laptop so my dad could see them more 10 . I had been 11 that his initial interest in Jay was a one-off event, but he 12 up again when I showed him the new stuff. Our love for animals is the 13 that connects us. There was no 14 to start having deep conversations if that had never been our style, — just finding 15 together in a photo of a bunny was enough. 1. A．connects B．comforts C．inspires D．interests 2. A．gifts B．photos C．videos D．posters 3. A．spirits B．feelings C．eyes D．hands 4. A．point at B．glance at C．go over D．watch over 5. A．unexpected B．unfinished C．unimportant D．unsuccessful 6. A．disappointed B．annoyed C．satisfied D．surprised 7. A．chat B．routine C．bridge D．fog 8. A．Plus B．Thus C．Meanwhile D．Instead 9. A．Respecting B．Loving C．Researching D．Catching 10. A．easily B．gradually C．patiently D．quickly 11. A．pleased B．ashamed C．worried D．discouraged 12. A．cheered B．stood C．gave D．looked 13. A．trick B．privilege C．bond D．routine 14. A．need B．help C．harm D．chance 15. A．hope B．joy C．success D．freedom 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在我成年以后我和父亲之间的谈话变少，但是对于动物的喜爱又将我们联系到一起的故事。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了找到他感兴趣的东西，我三心二意地掏出手机，给他看了几张我的新宠物兔子杰伊的照片。A. connects联系；B. comforts安慰；C. inspires鼓舞；D. interests使……感兴趣。根据前文“Lately, I have been struggling to connect with my dad ”可知，我一直在努力与父亲建立联系，推断出为了引起他的兴趣，我掏出手机给他看兔子的照片。故选D项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了找到他感兴趣的东西，我三心二意地掏出手机，给他看了几张我的新宠物兔子杰伊的照片。A. gifts礼物；B. photos照片；C. videos视频；D. posters海报。根据后文“I hurried to find more photos”可知，我急忙给父亲找更多的照片，说明我掏出手机是为了给父亲看照片，photos为原词复现。故选B项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我爸爸的精神振奋了。A. spirits精神；B. feelings感情；C. eyes眼睛；D. hands手。根据后文“He wanted to know more.”可知，父亲想要对兔子了解更多，说明他对兔子感兴趣，他的精神振奋了。故选A项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一只黑色的兔子！”他大声喊道，走近去查看照片。A. point at指向；B. glance at瞥见；C. go over细看；D. watch over看守。根据后文“He wanted to know more.”可知，父亲想要了解更多关于兔子的事情，推断出他走近去细看照片。故选C项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我抓紧这个意想不到的机会，赶紧去找更多的照片。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. unfinished未完成的；C. unimportant不重要的；D. unsuccessful不成功的。根据前文“Lately, I have been struggling to connect with my dad because our conversations have seemed unimportant to him.”以及“He wanted to know more.”这个机会是我料想不到的。故选A项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的很惊讶，是一只兔子冲破了我和爸爸之间的困惑。A. disappointed感到失望的；B. annoyed生气的；C. satisfied感到满意的；D. surprised感到惊讶的。根据后文“it was a bunny that broke through the ____7____”可知，一只兔子就能冲破我和父亲之间的困惑，这件事让我觉得很惊讶。故选D项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很惊讶，是一只兔子冲破了我和爸爸之间的隔阂。A. chat聊天；B. routine常规；C. bridge桥；D. fog困惑。根据后文“Growing up, I never talked with him much.”可知，我在长大后和父亲之间就没有太多的谈话，说明我和父亲之间存在困惑、隔阂。故选D项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们在一起的时间围绕着动物，比如在河边抓小龙虾，照顾海龟和螃蟹。A. Plus加；B. Thus因此；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Instead相反。根据前文“Growing up, I never talked with him much.”和后文“our time together centered around animals, like catching crayfish at the river and caring for turtles and crabs.”可知，我长大后和父亲谈话很少，相反的是我们在一起的时间可以围绕动物展开活动，前后句之间形成了对比关系，故用instead表示这种关系。故选D项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱动物一直是我们共有的事情。A. Respecting尊重；B. Loving爱；C. Researching研究；D. Catching抓住。根据后文“Our love for animals is the ____13____ that connects us.”可知，我和父亲对于动物是热爱的，推断出爱动物一直是我们共有的事情。故选B项。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我在笔记本电脑上准备了更多杰伊的照片和视频，这样我爸爸就可以更容易地看到它们。A. easily容易地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. patiently有耐心地；D. quickly迅速地。根据前文“‘A black bunny!’ he called out, getting closer to ____4____ the photos. He wanted to know more.”可知，我的父亲对杰伊是感兴趣的，所以我准备杰伊的照片是为了让父亲更容易看见。故选A项。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直担心他最初对杰伊的兴趣是一次性的，但当我向他展示这些新东西时，他又高兴起来了。A. pleased高兴的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. worried担心的；D. discouraged沮丧的。根据后文“his initial interest in Jay was a one-off event”可知，我之前担心父亲是否对杰伊的热情是一次性的。故选C项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直担心他最初对杰伊的兴趣是一次性的，但当我向他展示这些新东西时，他又高兴起来了。A. cheered欢呼；B. stood站立；C. gave给予；D. looked看见。根据前文“To my surprise, my dad’s ____3____ were lifted.”和again可知，父亲第一次看见杰伊的照片是精神振奋的，通过again推断出父亲看见杰伊的照片再一次振奋起来，cheer up意为“振奋精神”，符合句意。故选A项。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对动物的爱是连接我们的纽带。A. trick技巧；B. privilege权利；C. bond纽带；D. routine常规。根据根据前文“____9____ animals has always been our thing.”可知，爱动物是我们共有的事情，说明我们对动物的爱是连接我们的纽带。故选C项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这从来都不是我们的风格，就没有必要开始深入对话，只要在一张兔子的照片中找到快乐就足够了。A. need需要；B. help帮助；C. harm伤害；D. chance机会。根据前文“Growing up, I never talked with him much.”及“Our love for animals is the ____13____ that connects us”可知，我和父亲之间话不多，但是对动物的爱就是联系我们的纽带，推断出我们没必要开始深入的对话就能找到快乐。故选A项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这从来都不是我们的风格，就没有必要开始深入对话，只要在一张兔子的照片中找到快乐就足够了。A. hope希望；B. joy快乐；C. success成功；D. freedom自由。根据前文“____9____ animals has always been our thing.”可知，爱小动物是我和父亲共有的事情，说明看兔子杰伊的照片会带给我们快乐。故选B项。 Passage 10 （23-24高二下·安徽·期末）Inspired by the book Tarzan and the Apes, Jane Goodall decided that she wanted to go to Africa to study animals. People thought those 1 were just for boys. But Jane’s mother 2 her daughter. Once in Africa, Jane met the famous scientists Louis and Mary Leakey. Louis was 3 by Jane and hired her to work as his secretary. After a few years, he 4 Jane to the Gombe Preserve to study chimpanzees. But it wasn’t as simple as packing her bags and 5 into the forest. The managers of the preserve thought that Jane, as one of the first women in primatology (灵长类动物学), wouldn’t be 6 working in the wilderness. There were 7 animals to worry about. Instead of being afraid when she went into the forest for the first time, Jane has said that she felt like she was “coming home” to a place where she 8 . At this point, she still hadn’t gone to 9 , so she didn’t know how 10 normally did things. But Jane’s methods 11 to work very well! She gave 12 to the animals she observed, like Greybeard, Goliath, and Flo, instead of numbers. She got to know each animal as an 13 and saw that each chimp had a unique personality, a lot like humans. She also saw them making 14 , which was hard for other scientists at the time to believe. After Jane had spent a few years 15 chimpanzees, she attended Cambridge University to earn a doctoral degree. Just as she decided she would when she was 10 years old, she finally wrote several books on her experiences with the apes. 1. A．experiences B．adventures C．programs D．projects 2. A．supported B．protected C．questioned D．refused 3. A．motivated B．replaced C．impressed D．accompanied 4. A．forced B．persuaded C．instructed D．sent 5. A．heading B．falling C．integrating D．breaking 6. A．available B．helpful C．safe D．selected 7. A．endangered B．rare C．wild D．dangerous 8. A．belonged B．remained C．recalled D．served 9. A．ground B．court C．college D．prison 10. A．parents B．researchers C．women D．officials 11. A．won out B．sprang up C．went on D．turned out 12. A．names B．gestures C．orders D．pictures 13. A．alternative B．individual C．adult D．assistant 14. A．sounds B．mistakes C．tools D．plans 15. A．sorting B．training C．treating D．observing 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了灵长类动物学家Jane Goodall的经历，她研究野生动物黑猩猩，并取得了重大成就。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们认为只有男孩才会去冒险。A. experiences经历；B. adventures冒险；C. programs程序，节目；D. projects项目，工程。结合上文提到的“go to Africa to study animals”可知，这是冒险活动，故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是Jane的母亲支持她的女儿。A. supported支持；B. protected保护；C. questioned询问；D. refused拒绝。根据上文“for boys”以及转折词“But”可知，人们认为冒险是属于男孩的，但是Jane的母亲支持她的女儿，故选A。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Louis对Jane印象深刻，雇她做他的秘书。A. motivated激励；B. replaced替代；C. impressed给……留下深刻印象；D. accompanied陪伴。根据“hired her to work as his secretary”可知，Louis对Jane印象深刻，故选C。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，他把Jane送到贡贝保护区去研究黑猩猩。A. forced强迫；B. persuaded说服；C. instructed指导；D. sent派遣，安排去。根据语境及“Jane to the Gombe Preserve to study chimpanzees”可知，Jane是Louis的秘书，故此处指他派遣Jane去研究黑猩猩，故选D。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这并不像收拾好行李进入森林那么简单。A. heading朝（某方向）行进；B. falling降落；C. integrating整合；D. breaking打破。根据下文“went into the forest”可知，此处指进入森林，故选A。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保护区的管理人员认为，Jane作为灵长类动物学的首批女性之一，在野外工作是不安全的。A. available可到达的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. safe安全的；D. selected挑选出来的。根据下文“There were ____7____ animals to worry about.”可知，保护区的管理人员认为，Jane在野外工作是不安全的，故选C。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有危险的动物要担心。A. endangered濒危的；B. rare罕见的；C. wild野生的；D. dangerous危险的。根据“to worry about.”可知，有危险动物要担心，故选D。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Jane第一次进入森林时，她没有感到害怕，而是说她觉得自己“回到了家”，回到了一个属于她的地方。A. belonged属于；B. remained停留；C. recalled回忆；D. served服务。根据“she was “coming home””可知，她觉得自己“回到了家”，回到了一个属于她的地方，故选A。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这一点上，她还没有上过大学，所以她不知道研究人员通常是如何做事的。A. ground地面；B. court法院；C. college大学；D. prison监狱。下文“After Jane had spent a few years ____15____ chimpanzees, she attended Cambridge University to earn a doctoral degree.”提到Jane工作了几年后去上大学，故此处指她没上过大学，故选C。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. parents父母；B. researchers研究人员；C. women女性；D. officials官员。根据上文“he ____4____ Jane to the Gombe Preserve to study chimpanzees.”可知，Jane去研究黑猩猩，她不知道别的研究人员是如何工作的，故选B。 11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是Jane的方法非常有效！A. won out获胜；B. sprang up突然出现；C. went on继续；D. turned out证明是，结果是。空后“to work very well”是结果，故此处指Jane的方法结果非常有效，故选D。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她给观察到的动物取了名字，比如Greybeard，Goliath和 Flo，而不是数字。A. names名字；B. gestures手势；C. orders命令；D. pictures图片。根据“like Greybeard, Goliath, and Flo”可知，她给黑猩猩取名字，故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把每只黑猩猩作为个体来了解，发现每只黑猩猩都有独特的个性，很像人类。A. alternative可供选择的事物；B. individual个体；C. adult成年人；D. assistant助手。根据“saw that each chimp had a unique personality”可知，她发现每只黑猩猩都有独特的个性，故她每只黑猩猩作为个体来了解，故选B。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还看到他们制作工具，这对当时的其他科学家来说很难相信。A. sounds声音；B. mistakes错误；C. tools工具；D. plans计划。结合语境及“which was hard for other scientists at the time to believe”可知，黑猩猩会制作工具，这对当时的其他科学家来说很难相信，故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Jane花了几年时间观察黑猩猩之后，她进入剑桥大学攻读博士学位。A. sorting分类；B. training训练；C. treating对待；D. observing观察。根据上文“She gave ____12____ to the animals she observed”可知，她观察黑猩猩，故选D。 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （22-23高二下·贵州铜仁·期末）When I was young, we lived in an area known as Fruitland for the apple trees that grew there. Since my father was a 1 carpenter(木匠), our house was elegantly built. A porch(门廊) wrapped around the front and side of it. Past the soft green lawn, the 2 was surrounded by forest. During the hot summers, my brother, Curtis and I spent our days outside with old Belle, our father’s 3 . We loved to play on a large pile of 4 that was left over from the construction of the house. One morning when we went outside to play, we couldn’t 5 Belle. We searched everywhere, but useless. 6 , we found her standing near the pile of rocks that was our playground. As we 7 the rocks, Belle growled(咆哮) at us. It seemed something 8 happened there. Feeling strange, we went back to the house, and told our mother about Belle’s 9 . Mother 10 to see for herself, but when she tried to come close to Belle, the dog again gave a 11 growl. Our mother told us to stay away. All day, Belle 12 by the pile of rocks, without water or food, in the hot sun. When our father 13 , he, too, went to check on Belle. There Belle grabbed his pants and 14 him to the rocks. To our 15 , my father found a large copperhead snake there. Our beloved Belle had kept us safe. 1. A．helpful B．optimistic C．skillful D．realistic 2. A．property B．reward C．business D．wealth 3. A．bird B．dog C．cat D．horse 4. A．sands B．woods C．rocks D．steels 5. A．ask B．tell C．inform D．find 6. A．Originally B．Finally C．Actually D．Instantly 7. A．removed B．restored C．approached D．appreciated 8. A．helpless B．natural C．exciting D．unusual 9. A．behavior B．personality C．habit D．lifestyle 10. A．gave up B．came out C．took up D．broke out 11. A．convincing B．exciting C．inspiring D．warning 12. A．worked B．studied C．walked D．stayed 13. A．returned B．changed C．left D．slept 14. A．sent B．threw C．pulled D．invited 15. A．surprise B．sadness C．regret D．comfort 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者家的狗Belle在作者兄弟俩玩耍的石子堆中发现了一条铜头蛇，为了保护兄弟俩和妈妈而冲着他们发出警告的咆哮，一直待在原地等到爸爸回来解决问题。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我父亲是一个技艺高超的木匠，我们的房子建得很精美。A. helpful有帮助的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. skillful技术好的，熟练的；D. realistic现实的，实事求是的。根据句中的“our house was elegantly built”可知，作者家的房子建得很漂亮，所以身为木匠的父亲应该技艺高超。故选C。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过柔软的绿色草坪，这处房产被森林包围。A. property所有物，房地产；B. reward奖励；C. business生意；D. wealth财富。根据上文中的“our house”和空后的“was surrounded by forest”可知，这里指的是作者家的房子周围是森林。故选A。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在炎热的夏天，我和哥哥Curtis在外面和父亲的狗老Belle一起度过时光。A. bird鸟；B. dog狗；C. cat猫；D. horse马。根据下文中的“Belle growled(咆哮) at us”和“the dog”可知，Belle是一条狗。故选B。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢在建房子剩下的一大堆石头上玩耍。A. sands沙子；B. woods木材，树林；C. rocks石头；D. steels钢制磨刀棒。根据下文中的“the pile of rocks”可知，这里指的是石头。故选C。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，当我们出去玩的时候，我们找不到Belle。A. ask询问；B. tell告诉；C. inform通知；D. find找到，发现。根据下文中的“We searched everywhere, but useless.(我们到处找，但没有用。)”可知，作者他们找不到Belle。故选D。 6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们发现她站在成为我们游戏场的那堆石头旁边。A. Originally原来，起初；B. Finally最后，终于；C. Actually事实上；D. Instantly立即。上文“We searched everywhere, but useless.(我们到处找，但没有用。)”说作者他们到处找Belle，空后“we found her standing near the pile of rocks that was our playground”讲他们找到了Belle，由此可知，这里强调寻找的结果，表示最后终于发现Belle了。故选B。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近石头时，Belle对我们咆哮。A. removed移开；B. restored修复；C. approached靠近，接近；D. appreciated欣赏。根据空后的“the rocks”可知，作者他们想要接近这堆石头。故选C。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里似乎发生了不寻常的事情。A. helpless无助的；B. natural自然的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据下文中的“Feeling strange”可知，有不同寻常的事情发生了。故选D。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉很奇怪，我们回到家里，把Belle的行为告诉了妈妈。A. behavior行为；B. personality个性；C. habit习惯；D. lifestyle生活方式。根据上文中的“As we 　　7　　the rocks, Belle growled(咆哮) at us.(当我们走近石头时，Belle对我们咆哮。)”可知，这里指Belle冲着作者他们咆哮不让他们接近石头的行为。故选A。 10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈出来亲自查看，但当她试图靠近Belle时，狗再次发出警告性的咆哮。A. gave up放弃；B. came out出来；C. took up开始从事；D. broke out爆发。上文“we went back to the house, and told our mother”讲述了作者他们进屋告诉妈妈，所以妈妈应是从屋里出来查看。故选B。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. convincing令人信服的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. warning警告的。根据空后的“growl”和下文中的“Our mother told us to stay away.(妈妈叫我们离远点。)”可知，Belle冲着人嚎叫是为了警告他们别靠近。故选D。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一整天，Belle都在烈日下待在石堆旁，没有水，也没有食物。A. worked工作；B. studied学习；C. walked走路；D. stayed停留，待。根据空后的“by the pile of rocks”并结合上文Belle站在石堆旁不让人靠近可知，这里是说Belle一整天都在石堆旁待着。故选D。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们的爸爸回来时，他也去检查Belle。A. returned回来；B. changed改变；C. left离开；D. slept睡觉。根据句中的“he, too, went to check on Belle”可知，爸爸去检查Belle的情况了，所以爸爸应是回到了家里。故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里Belle抓住他的裤子，把他拉到石头上。A. sent发送；B. threw扔；C. pulled拉，拽；D. invited邀请。根据空前的“Belle grabbed his pants”和空后的“him to the rocks”并结合常识，这里是狗抓住爸爸的裤子把他拉到石头的位置。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们惊讶的是，我爸爸在那里发现了一条大铜头蛇。A. surprise惊讶；B. sadness悲伤；C. regret遗憾；D. comfort舒服。根据空后的“my father found a large copperhead snake there”可知，爸爸在石头上找到了一条大铜头蛇，这非常令人惊讶。故选A。 Passage 12 （22-23高二下·山东日照·期末）A cat travelled more than 280 miles to her old home, which she had left three months before. About two months later, she was 1 with her owners. In 2021 May, Laetitia De Amicis 2 with her family and their three cats Felys, Crapaud and Cocci because of job 3 . The family took great care of the cats at their new location because they were 4 that the cats would get lost in different 5 . But Cocci went missing in August 2021. Laetitia, with her two children, 6 to search for Cocci but failed. To stop her kids from worrying, Laetitia told them that Cocci had 7 gone home to look for them back in the old location. Sure enough, a stranger 8 a cat, just five miles from their 9 home. In October 2021, Lactitia saw a 10 on a social media about a cat, and the stay-at-home mom 11 her immediately. The adventurous cat was sent to the local veterinarian (兽医) who 12 the missing animal was 10 years old and looked just like Cocci. Laetitia asked her father living nearby to go and 13 her. He thought it was 14 that a cat had actually traveled across the country, but eventually, he agreed. “When he called me that day, I saw my dad hugging my cat on the video call,” said Laetitia. “I was with my daughter. She recognized her and 15 tears.” Finally, Cocci was taken back to her new home. 1. A．bored B．reunited C．connected D．disappointed 2. A．played B．traveled C．moved D．wandered 3. A．promotion B．efficiency C．experience D．satisfaction 4. A．annoyed B．worried C．ashamed D．embarrassed 5. A．stages B．ages C．directions D．surroundings 6. A．tried B．offered C．decided D．expected 7. A．hurriedly B．eagerly C．obviously D．likely 8. A．stole B．found C．bought D．abandoned 9. A．new B．remote C．previous D．strange 10. A．post B．sign C．book D．guide 11. A．recognized B．contacted C．accepted D．refused 12. A．argued B．realized C．predicted D．confirmed 13. A．adopt B．identify C．research D．examine 14. A．normal B．illegal C．impossible D．interesting 15. A．wiped off B．held back C．turned into D．burst into 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只猫Cocci走了280多英里回到她三个月前离开的老家，大约两个月后，她和主人团聚了。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约两个月后，她和主人团聚了。A. bored厌倦；B. reunited团聚；C. connected连接；D. disappointed使失望。根据后文“Finally, Cocci was taken back to her new home.(最后，Cocci被带回到了她的新家)”可知，猫两个月后和主人团聚了。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年5月，由于工作升职，Laetitia De Amicis和她的家人以及他们的三只猫Felys，Crapaud和Cocci一起搬了家。A. played玩耍；B. traveled旅行；C. moved搬家；D. wandered徘徊。根据后文“at their new location”可知，他们搬家了。故选C。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年5月，由于工作升职，Laetitia De Amicis和她的家人以及他们的三只猫Felys, Crapaud和Cocci一起搬了家。A. promotion晋升；B. efficiency效率；C. experience经历；D. satisfaction满足。根据上文“because of job”以及选项，可知是因为工作升职而搬家的。故选A。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家人在新地方对猫咪照顾得很好，因为他们担心猫咪会在不同的环境中迷路。A. annoyed生气的；B. worried担心的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“that the cats would get lost”指担心猫会迷路。故选B。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人在新地方对猫咪照顾得很好，因为他们担心猫咪会在不同的环境中迷路。A. stages阶段；B. ages年龄；C. directions方向；D. surroundings环境。根据上文“at their new location”可知，他们搬家了所以是不同的环境里。故选D。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laetitia和她的两个孩子试图寻找Cocci，但失败了。A. tried尝试；B. offered提议；C. decided决定；D. expected期待。根据上文“to search for Cocci but failed”可知，Laetitia和她的两个孩子试图寻找Cocci，但失败了。故选A。 7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了不让孩子们担心，Laetitia告诉他们，Cocci可能已经回家了，回到了原来的地方找他们。A. hurriedly急忙；B. eagerly急切地；C. obviously显然；D. likely可能。根据后文“gone home to look for them back in the old location”可知，为了不让孩子们担心，Laetitia告诉他们，Cocci可能已经回家了，回到了原来的地方找他们。故选D。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：果然，一个陌生人发现了一只猫，就在离他们以前的家五英里远的地方。A. stole偷窃；B. found发现；C. bought购买；D. abandoned抛弃。根据后文“a cat”指陌生人发现了Cocci这只猫。故选B。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：果然，一个陌生人发现了一只猫，就在离他们以前的家五英里远的地方。A. new新的；B. remote遥远的；C. previous以前的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“gone home to look for them back in the old location.”可知，是回到了以前的家里，故选C。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年10月，Lactitia在社交媒体上看到了一条关于一只猫的帖子，这位全职妈妈立刻认出了她。A. post帖子；B. sign迹象；C. book书籍；D. guide指南。根据后文“on a social media”指在社交媒体上看到帖子。故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年10月，Lactitia在社交媒体上看到了一条关于一只猫的帖子，这位全职妈妈立刻认出了她。A. recognized认出；B. contacted联系；C. accepted接受；D. refused拒绝。后文her指她的猫Cocci，即认出了Cocci。故选A。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只爱冒险的猫被送到当地兽医那里，兽医证实这只失踪的猫10岁，长得很像Cocci。A. argued争论；B. realized意识到；C. predicted预测；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“the missing animal was 10 years old and looked just like Cocci.”可知，兽医证实这只失踪的猫10岁，长得很像Cocci。故选D。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laetitia请求住在附近的父亲去收养她。A. adopt收养；B. identify识别；C. research研究；D. examine检查。上文提到Cocci在一个兽医那里，所以Laetitia请求住在附近的父亲去收养她。故选A。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他认为一只猫不可能真的穿越了整个国家，但最终，他同意了。A. normal正常的；B. illegal非法的；C. impossible不可能的；D. interesting有趣的。根据后文“a cat had actually traveled across the country”可知，父亲认为一只猫不可能真的穿越了整个国家，所以一开始拒绝去。故选C。 15. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她认出了她，哭了起来。A. wiped off除去；B. held back克制；C. turned into变成；D. burst into爆发；突然（哭、笑）起来。主人和猫团聚，所以是哭泣，短语burst into tears表示“突然哭起来”。故选D。 Passage 13 （22-23高二下·安徽滁州·期末）A five-month-old bar tailed godwit recently broke the record for long-distance migration after flying 13,560 kilometers non-stop over a period of 11 days. Every autumn, millions of migratory birds take to the 1 for a long and exhausting journey to 2 the coming cold, feed and breed for the next few months. Many of them 3 impressive distances of over 10,000 kilometers, but this year, one small bird was 4 all expectations regarding long-distance flying, traveling a big 13,560 kilometers without stopping. And it was all because of an unusual roundabout way that could have 5 the bird its life, considering that the non-stop journey pushed its 6 capacity to the limit. Last month, the young bar-tailed godwit 7 from Alaska to New Zealand, but somehow, at one point during its 8 journey, the small bird took a little roundabout way that added an extra 500 kilometers to its original route. That seems like a small distance to cover, considering that the normal 9 would have seen it fly around 13,000 kilometers, but it’s actually a significant difference that could have had deadly 10 . Scientists were able to 11 the godwit’s record flight with the help of a tiny tracker that only weighed 5 grams. Technological advancements have allowed researchers to track such small species of birds without 12 them, as adding any kind of significant weight to a creature that weighs only between 300 and 400 grams could put its life in danger. Dr. Woehler estimates that the bird lost “half or more of its body 13 ” during the 11-day continuous flight, but 14 it to dry land safely. Interestingly, scientists haven’t yet understood 15 birds like the bar-tailed godwit are able to navigate such large distances without stopping and without getting lost. 1. A．ground B．forest C．sky D．mountain 2. A．challenge B．bear C．escape D．enjoy 3. A．add B．cover C．measure D．calculate 4. A．within B．under C．for D．beyond 5. A．costed B．saved C．offered D．changed 6. A．recognition B．flight C．defense D．management 7. A．put off B．turned off C．showed off D．took off 8. A．tiring B．exciting C．smooth D．short 9. A．gesture B．route C．sight D．dream 10. A．thoughts B．strengths C．consequences D．diseases 11. A．track B．create C．break D．bring 12. A．decorating B．endangering C．protecting D．preserving 13. A．water B．muscle C．weight D．size 14. A．made B．managed C．took D．appreciated 15. A．when B．where C．whether D．how 【答案】 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一只5个月大的斑尾鹬最近打破了长距离迁徙的纪录，它在11天内不间断飞行了13560公里。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年秋天，数以百万计的候鸟飞向天空，进行一次漫长而疲惫的旅行，以躲避即将到来的寒冷，在接下来的几个月里觅食和繁殖。A. ground地面；B. forest森林；C. sky天空；D. mountain山脉。根据后文“for a long and exhausting journey”指候鸟飞上天开始迁徙。故选C。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年秋天，数以百万计的候鸟飞向天空，进行一次漫长而疲惫的旅行，以避开即将到来的寒冷，在接下来的几个月里觅食和繁殖。A. challenge挑战；B. bear忍受；C. escape避开；D. enjoy欣赏。根据后文“the coming cold”可知，候鸟迁徙是为了避开寒冷。故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中许多鸟的飞行距离超过1万公里，令人印象深刻，但今年，一只小鸟在长途飞行方面超出了所有人的预期，连续飞行了13560公里。A. add增加；B. cover覆盖，走过；C. measure测量；D. calculate计算。根据后文“impressive distances of over 10,000 kilometers”指飞过多远的路，应用动词cover。故选B。 4. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：其中许多鸟的飞行距离超过1万公里，令人印象深刻，但今年，一只小鸟在长途飞行方面超出了所有人的预期，连续飞行了13560公里。A. within在里面；B. under在下面；C. for为了；D. beyond超过。根据后文“all expectations”指超出了所有人的预期，应用介词beyond。故选D。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到不间断的飞行将其飞行能力推向了极限，这一切都是因为一种不寻常的迂回方式可能会让这只鸟付出生命的代价。A. costed花费、以……为代价；B. saved拯救；C. offered提议；D. changed改变。根据后文“the bird its life”指这只鸟付出生命的代价，应用动词cost。故选A。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到不间断的飞行将其飞行能力推向了极限，这一切都是因为一种不寻常的迂回方式可能会让这只鸟付出生命的代价。A. recognition识别；B. flight飞行；C. defense防御；D. management管理。根据后文“capacity to the limit”此处指鸟的飞行能力。故选B。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：上个月，这只小斑尾鹬从阿拉斯加飞往新西兰，但不知怎么的，在疲惫的旅程中，这只小鸟走了一条迂回的路，在原来的路线上多走了500公里。A. put off推迟；B. turned off关闭；C. showed off炫耀；D. took off起飞。根据后文“from Alaska to New Zealand”可知，这只年轻的斑尾鹬从阿拉斯加飞往新西兰，故选D。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上个月，这只小斑尾鹬从阿拉斯加飞往新西兰，但不知怎么的，在疲惫的旅程中，这只小鸟走了一条迂回的路，在原来的路线上多走了500公里。A. tiring累人的；B. exciting令人激动的；C. smooth顺利的；D. short短的。对应上文“a long and exhausting journey”指疲惫的旅程。故选A。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到它的正常飞行路线大约是13000公里，这似乎是一个很小的距离，但实际上这是一个可能造成致命后果的显著差异。A. gesture手势；B. route路线；C. sight视力；D. dream梦想。根据后文“would have seen it fly around 13,000 kilometers”可知，它的正常飞行路线大约是13000公里。故选B。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到它的正常飞行路线大约是13000公里，这似乎是一个很小的距离，但实际上这是一个可能造成致命后果的显著差异。A. thoughts想法；B. strengths力量；C. consequences结果；D. diseases疾病。根据上文提到让小鸟付出了生命的代价，可知此处指这是一个可能造成致命后果的显著差异。故选C。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们借助一个只有5克重的小追踪器追踪了这只鸟的飞行记录。A. track追踪；B. create创造；C. break打破；D. bring带来。根据后文“with the help of a tiny tracker”指通过追踪器追踪鸟的飞行记录。故选A。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：技术的进步使研究人员能够在不危及它们的情况下追踪这种小型鸟类，因为对这种体重只有300到400克的生物来说，增加任何一种明显的重量都可能使其生命处于危险之中。A. decorating装饰；B. endangering危及；C. protecting保护；D. preserving保留。根据后文“as adding any kind of significant weight to a creature that weighs only between 300 and 400 grams could put its life in danger”可知，对于这种体重只有300到400克的生物来说，增加任何一种明显的重量都可能使其生命处于危险之中。故选B。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：维勒博士估计，在11天的连续飞行中，这只鸟失去了“一半或更多的体重”，但最终安全着陆。A. water水；B. muscle肌肉；C. weight重量；D. size尺寸。根据后文“during the 11-day continuous flight”以及常识，迁徙中，鸟持续飞行会消耗大量的能量，导致体重减少。故选C。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：维勒博士估计，在11天的连续飞行中，这只鸟失去了“一半或更多的体重”，但最终安全着陆。A. made制作、成功；B. managed管理；C. took带走；D. appreciated欣赏。根据后文“it to dry land safely”指成功着陆，应用make it。故选A。 15. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，科学家们还不明白像斑尾鹬这样的鸟类是如何在这么远的距离不停下来也不迷路的。A. when何时；B. where在哪里；C. whether是否；D. how如何。引导宾语从句，从句中表示“如何”应用how。故选D。 Passage 14 （22-23高二下·山东青岛·期末）Love is blind: the magic of Tabby In October, 2003, I started my work at my local animal shelter’s adoption department. Over the years, more than 50,000 animals have 1 the door of the shelter. Most of them, I do not remember. But occasionally there are special animals, which touch me so deeply that I could never possibly 2 them. Tabby was one such animal. Tabby was an ancient cocker spaniel, probably 14 years old. What’s more, she was blind and deaf. Tabby’s chances of being adopted seemed 3 . After all, there weren’t many adopters coming here asking, “Can you show me all of your really old dogs that are also 4 ?” We had all thought that Tabby would live out the rest of her life at the shelter. One day a woman named Loretta came to the shelter. Her son, Gary, had 5 Tabby’s picture and stories on the shelter’s website at home. They were interested in meeting her! It was the only 6 we ever received about Tabby. What could a young child possibly see in a 14-year-old dog that was both blind and deaf? Most boys would want a dog that could grow with them and 7 through grassy fields on summer days. Tabby would never be able to do that. But after meeting her, Loretta and Gary thought that she was the right dog for their family. They adopted Tabby! If Tabby’s story had simply ended with her 8 adoption, it would still have been something very special indeed. 9 , it was what happened after her adoption that people might regard as “magic”. Gary 10 from seizures(癫痫). Since Gary and Tabby met, they had become 11 . They did everything together. They became so “in tune” with one another that Tabby began to telegraph Gary’s seizures 12 they occurred, giving his family a warning that one was about to strike. What’s more, Gary seemed to be having fewer and fewer seizures because of Tabby’s 13 . How could it be? Nobody could explain 14 Tabby did it. But we were fortunate enough to know they had 15 the magic, the kind that has its roots in love. 1. A．passed B．broken C．opened D．locked 2. A．recall B．forget C．leave D．abandon 3. A．possible B．great C．remote D．bright 4. A．disabled B．active C．stubborn D．patient 5. A．posted B．taken C．seen D．drawn 6. A．letter B．enquiry C．call D．donation 7. A．get B．look C．run D．break 8. A．temporary B．normal C．successful D．early 9. A．Moreover B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 10. A．learnt B．heard C．suffered D．recovered 11. A．unforgettable B．inseparable C．unfortunate D．uncomfortable 12. A．since B．unless C．before D．though 13. A．return B．birth C．arrival D．recovery 14. A．where B．how C．when D．whether 15. A．performed B．created C．achieved D．witnessed 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲了在动物收养部门有一只叫Tabby的狗，它又聋又瞎，但是却出人意料地被一个叫Gary的男孩所领养，这个男孩患了癫痫，而让人感到不可思议的是，自从Gary收养了Tabby，他的癫痫很少犯了，这一奇迹的发生都根源于爱。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，超过5万只动物通过了庇护所的门。 A. passed通过；B. broken弄坏；C. opened打开；D. locked锁上。根据第一句“In October, 2003, I started my work at my local animal shelter’s adoption department.”，作者工作在当地动物庇护所的收养部门，所以按照逻辑，应该是有超过五万的动物被领养，即经过了庇护所的大门，故选A。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，偶尔有一些特别的动物，深深地让我感动，以至于我不可能忘记它们 。A. recall回想； B. forget忘记； C. leave离开；D. abandon抛弃。根据空格前的句子“which touch me so deeply”可知，有一些特别的动物非常打动我，所以我可能永远不会“忘记”它们，故选B。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tabby被收养的机会似乎是最没机会的。A. possible可能的；B. great伟大的；C. remote遥远的；D. bright明亮的。根据上文“she was blind and deaf. ”可知它又聋又瞎，所以应该是最没有机会被领养的，故选C。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你能给我看看你所有真的是年纪又大又有残疾的老狗吗？”A. disabled残疾的；B. active活跃的；C. stubborn顽固的； D. patient耐心的。根据“What’s more, she was blind and deaf.”可知，很多领养者不会前来询问“你能给我看看你们所有年纪大的狗，而且又……吗”，可知此处应是个贬义词，又因为此段谈论的Tabby是有生理缺陷的，故选A。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子加里在家里的避难所网站上看到了Tabby的照片和故事。A. posted张贴，B. taken带走；C. seen看见；D. drawn画画。根据下文“They were interested in meeting her!”可推断，Gary在来收养部门之前，已经在网站上看过Tabby的照片和故事了，故选C。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是唯一一次我们收到的关于Tabby的询问。A. letter信；B. enquiry询问；C. call电话； D. donation捐献。根据“They were interested in meeting her!”可知，这对母子对Tabby很感兴趣，他们想收养Tabby，结合前一段的描述，庇护所的人认为Tabby将会在庇护所度过余生，所以这是唯一一次我们收到的关于Tabby的询问，故选B。 7. 考查动词和动词词组辨析。句意：大多数男孩都想要一只狗，它可以和他们一起成长，在夏天穿过草地。A. get得到；B. look看；C. run跑步； D. break打破。将选项中的动词与其后的介词相组合，分别是get through完成，look through浏览，run through跑步通过，break through取得突破，根据上文“Most boys would want a dog who could grow with them”可知，大多数男孩都想要一只和他们一起成长、夏天可以在草地上穿越奔跑的狗，故选C。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果Tabby的故事只是以成功收养结尾，这仍然是一件非常特别的事情。A. temporary 临时的； B. normal正常的；C. successful成功的；D. early早的。根据前文可知，Tabby的领养是成功的，故选C。 9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，就是在收养之后发生了一个奇迹。A. Moreover另外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。结合空格前，如果Tabby的故事仅仅以它得以成功收养而结束，那它仍然可以算得上是很特别的一件事；以及空格后句意：就是在收养之后发生了一个奇迹，可知，前后两句存在转折关系，故选B。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gary患有癫痫。A. learnt学习； B. heard听见；C. suffered遭受；D. recovered恢复。由于后面的宾语是一种疾病，suffer from患（病）。故选C。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从Gary与Tabby见面以来，他们就成了不可分割的。A. unforgettable难忘的； B. inseparable不可分割的；C. unfortunate遗憾的；D. uncomfortable不舒适的。根据后一句“They did everything together”可知，他们从一见面就难以分离，故选B。 12. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们变得如此“合拍”，以至于Tabby在Gary的癫痫发作之前就开始给他的家人发送警告，癫痫要发生。 A. since自从，既然；B. unless除非；C. before在……之前；D. though即使。结合句意：Tabby在Gary的癫痫发生……，开始透露要犯病的征兆，可知，应该是在犯病之前就给出预告，故选C。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，自从Tabby到来，Gray的癫痫发作似乎越来越少。A. return 归还； B. birth出生；C. arrival 到达； D. recovery恢复。根据“What’s more”可推断，此处继续接受Tabby到来后对Gary的影响，因此推断自从Tabby的到来后，Gary的癫痫犯得越来越少了。故选C。 14. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：没有人能解释Tabby是如何做到的。A. where询问地点；B. how询问方式；C. when询问时间；D. whether是否，询问条件。根据上文“How could it be?”可推断，没有人能解释Tabby是如何做到的，所以是询问方式，故选B。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们中那些有幸认识她和她的家人的人，见证了这种魔力，这种根源于爱的魔力。A. performed 执行；B. created创造；C. achieved 取得；D. witnessed目睹。根据上文“But we were fortunate enough to know ”可知，我们足够了解她和她的家庭，所有发生的这一切都是在他们的见证下，故选D。 Passage 15 （22-23高二下·上海嘉定·期末）Most people have seen animals solve problems in one context or another Whether it’s a dog getting food out of a puzzle toy, a squirrel (松鼠) breaking into a “squirrel-proof, bird feeder, or — in what is hopefully a rarer experience — a bear opening a door to get to the food inside! Do all individuals within a species come up with 1 solutions to problems? Or are some individuals more innovative than others? In ungulates (for example, goats and horses), social outsiders are more likely to innovate than their 2 groupmates: if an individual spends time on the outer areas of their group, they are more likely to succeed at a problem-solving task. 3 , in some species of primates (灵长类动物) and birds, it has been shown that individuals with low social standing — that is, those who regularly lose fights, and who don’t have 4 of access to valuable resources — tend to innovate more. The above examples tie into the theory that the individuals who are least able to gain access to good quality 5 , such as food and shelter, are the most likely to innovate. This “bad competitor” theory suggests that individuals innovate because they must do so to 6 . Imagine you’re a goat who can’t get access to the feeding container because you’re not in the in-group. You’d probably be more 7 to figure out how to open a container with food inside than your more popular (and well-fed) groupmates. However, while there is support for this theory in some species, many species show opposing patterns. 8 , being a “bad competitor” doesn’t seem to be a general driver of innovation across species. 9 appears to have a more general influence on animal innovativeness. A meta-analysis (综合分析) across 37 studies of animal innovation found that being brave (that is, approaching 10 objects and exploring new environments) was linked to innovative behavior. For example, brave Carib grackles (a species of bird) and ungulates are more likely to innovate than their more easily frightened groupmates. 11 has also been linked to innovation in a variety of species, from zebra finches (斑胸草雀) to Asian elephants. Both make instinctive sense. The more likely an individual is to 12 with a new problem (that is, the braver they are, and the more time they spend trying to solve a problem (that is, the more persistent they are), the more likely they are to find a(n) 13 . Regardless of the reason individuals innovate, once an individual finds a solution to a problem, 14 a problem involving resource access, their behavior can spread like wildfire. Other individuals pay attention when a groupmate innovates, and 15 the problem-solving behavior. 1. A．instant B．comprehensive C．fair D．creative 2. A．friendly B．popular C．close D．faithful 3. A．Similarly B．Inevitably C．Apparently D．Gradually 4. A．purpose B．priority C．pressure D．potential 5. A．services B．materials C．goods D．resources 6. A．pretend B．compete C．survive D．evolve 7. A．reluctant B．excited C．motivated D．confused 8. A．Thus B．Besides C．Still D．Meanwhile 9. A．Emotion B．Gender C．Appearance D．Personality 10. A．living B．novel C．endangered D．ideal 11. A．Persistence B．Intelligence C．Performance D．Confidence 12. A．conflict B．compare C．interact D．identify 13. A．position B．object C．solution D．chance 14. A．absolutely B．fortunately C．definitely D．particularly 15. A．copy B．change C．influence D．evaluate 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过对动物行为的研究探索创新的原因。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个物种中的所有个体都能想出创造性的解决方案吗？A. instant速食的，短暂的 ；B. comprehensive综合的；C. fair 公平的；D. creative创造性的；有创造力的。根据下一句“Or are some individuals more innovative than others?”可知本空应和innovative意思相近。故选D项。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在有蹄类动物（例如山羊和马）中，社会中的局外者比它们受欢迎的群体伙伴更有可能创新：如果一个人花时间在群体的外部区域，他们更有可能成功完成解决问题的任务。A. friendly友好的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. close亲密的；D. faithful忠诚的。根据 “social outsiders  are more likely to innovate”和“if an individual spends time on the outer areas of their group, they are more likely to succeed at a problem-solving task.”判断社会中的局外者比它们受欢迎的群体伙伴更有可能创新受欢迎的。故选B项。 3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在一些灵长类动物和鸟类物种中，研究表明，社会地位较低的个体——即那些经常输掉战斗的人，以及那些没有优先获得宝贵资源的人——往往会进行更多的创新。A. Similarly相似地，同样；B. Inevitably不可避免地；C. Apparently显然地；D. Gradually逐步地。根据“in some species of primates (灵长类动物) and birds, it has been shown that individuals with low social standing — that is, those who regularly lose fights, and who don’t have   4 of access to valuable resources — tend to innovate more.”和句意判断本句话所描述的情况和上一句描述的情况差不多。故选A项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在一些灵长类动物和鸟类物种中，研究表明，社会地位较低的个体——即那些经常输掉战斗的人，以及那些没有优先获得宝贵资源的个体——往往会进行更多的创新。A. purpose 意图，目的；B. priority优先，优先权；C. pressure 压力；D. potential可能性，潜力。根据“lose fights”和“access to valuable resources — tend to innovate more.”可判断这些动物不能优先获得好的资源。故选B项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上述例子与这样一种理论相吻合，即最不可能获得优质资源（如食物和住所）的个体最有可能进行创新。A. services公共服务系统，公共事业； B. materials材料； C. goods 商品；D. resources资源。根据上一句的“valuable resources”后面的“such as food and shelter”可判断最不可能获得优质资源的动物最有可能进行创新。故选D项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种“不良竞争对手”理论表明，个体创新是因为他们必须这样做才能生存。A. pretend假装 ；B. compete 竞争；C. survive生存，幸存 ；D. evolve发展，进化。根据上一句中“who are least able to gain access to good quality 5 , such as food and shelter”，可知这些“不良竞争对手”生存艰难，必须创新才能生存下去。故选C项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能会比你更受欢迎（而且吃得很好）的同伴更有动力想出如何打开一个装有食物的容器。A. reluctant 不情愿的；B. excited 激动的；C. motivated有积极性的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“This “bad competitor” theory suggests that individuals innovate because they must do so to 6 ”可知“不良竞争对手”为了生存更有动力想去解决问题。故选C项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，成为一个“糟糕的竞争对手”似乎并不是跨物种创新的一般驱动力。A. Thus 因此；B. Besides 此外；C. Still 还，还是，仍然；D. Meanwhile同时。根据上一句“However, while there is support for this theory in some species, many species show opposing patterns. ”和空格后“being a “bad competitor” doesn’t seem to be a general driver of innovation across species.”可知空格后为空格前句子的结论。故选A项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：性格似乎对动物的创新能力有更普遍的影响。A. Emotion情感；B. Gender性别；C. Appearance外表；D. Personality性格，个性。根据下文“being brave (that is, approaching 10   objects and exploring new environments) was linked to innovative behavior”可知性格对动物的创新能力有更普遍的影响。故选D项。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项对37项动物创新研究的综合分析发现，勇敢（即接近新物体和探索新环境）与创新行为有关。A. living活的；B. novel 新颖的；C. endangered濒危的；D. ideal理想的。根据空后“and exploring new environments”判断and前想表达“接近新物体”与“and exploring new environments”相对应。故选B项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：坚持不懈也与从斑胸雀到亚洲象等多种物种的创新有关。A. Persistence 持久性；B. Intelligence智力；C. Performance 表演；D. Confidence信心。根据下文“that is, the braver they are, and the more time they spend trying to solve a problem”可知此处想表达坚持不懈创新。故选A项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个个体越有可能与一个新问题互动（也就是说，他们越勇敢，花越多的时间试图解决一个问题（也就是他们越坚持不懈），他们就越有可能找到解决方案。A. conflict冲突；B. compare比较；C. interact 互动，沟通；D. identify识别。根据“that is, the braver they are, and the more time they spend trying to solve a problem (that is, the more persistent they are)”判断这是个体与解决问题的互动。故选C项。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个个体越有可能与一个新问题互动（也就是说，他们越勇敢，花越多的时间试图解决一个问题（也就是他们越坚持不懈），他们就越有可能找到解决方案。A. position位置；B. object 物体，目标；C. solution解决方案；D. chance机会。根据前文“they spend trying to solve a problem”可知，他们就想找到解决方案。故选C项。 14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不管个体创新的原因是什么，一旦一个个体找到了问题的解决方案，尤其是涉及资源获取的问题，他们的行为就会像野火一样蔓延。A. absolutely绝对地，完全地；B. fortunately 幸运地；C. definitely当然，确实，确切地；D. particularly特别，尤其。根据第四段的“who are least able to gain access to good quality 5 , such as food and shelter”可知资源尤其重要，此处想表达“尤其是涉及资源获取的问题”。故选D项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当群体成员创新时，其他个体会注意，并模仿解决问题的行为。A. copy复制，模仿；B. change改变；C. influence影响；D. evaluate评估。根据上一句中的“their behavior can spread like wildfire”，可知其他个体会模仿创新行为。故选A项。 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$专题-S733完形填空 人教版选择性必修四 题型特训 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·新疆和田·期中）Giant pandas are beautiful black and white 1 . They look like 2 . They live only in 3 . They are very quiet and peaceful. They like eating 4 . They never eat meat. Baby giant pandas 5 a lot of time drinking their mum’s milk—more than fourteen hours a day! Mother giant pandas have only one 6 two babies at a time. When the babies are born, they 7 little white mice. There are only about one thousand giant pandas in the world now. Sadly it’s very 8 for giant pandas to stay alive in the world. Their number is getting 9 because their living places are becoming farmlands. If 10 keep taking the land, giant pandas will have 11 to live. Also, people 12 them for their fur. If this continues, then there will be no giant pandas in the world. So, what action can we take? We should 13 newspapers and magazines about the giant pandas in China. We should tell them about the 14 for giant pandas. If more people know about these problems, then maybe they will do 15 to help. 1. A．plants B．animals C．flowers D．trees 2. A．lions B．dogs C．bears D．monkeys 3. A．Russia B．Australia C．China D．India 4. A．bananas B．carrots C．bamboo D．cabbages 5. A．cost B．afford C．spend D．pay 6. A．or B．and C．but D．then 7. A．look as B．look at C．look like D．look up 8. A．difficult B．comfortable C．terrific D．enjoyable 9. A．bigger B．smaller C．more D．fewer 10. A．scientists B．workers C．travelers D．farmers 11. A．anywhere B．somewhere C．nowhere D．everywhere 12. A．protect B．feed C．help D．kill 13. A．write to B．write about C．write with D．write on 14. A．food B．problems C．lives D．environment 15. A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything Passage 2 （23-24高二下·广东惠州·期中）One day a small gap appeared in the cocoon (茧), through which the butterfly would come out. A boy, who 1 passed by, stopped and watched how the butterfly was trying to 2 of the cocoon. It 3 several hours. The butterfly was trying very hard, but the 4 was as little as before. It seemed that the power would 5 the butterfly soon. The boy decided to 6 the butterfly. He took a penknife and cut the cocoon. The butterfly immediately came out, but it was very small and 7 , and the wings were 8 moving. The boy continued to 9 the butterfly, thinking that now its wings would 10 and it would fly. 11 , that did not happen. The rest of its life the butterfly had to drag its weak body and wings that wouldn’t unfold. It was unable to fly because the boy did not realize that a(an) 12 to force itself through the narrow gap of the cocoon was 13 for the butterfly, so that the life-giving fluid would move from the body to the butterfly’s wings and that the butterfly could fly. Life forced the butterfly to leave its shell so hard that it would gain the 14 to grow and develop. Just like the butterfly, if we were allowed to live without meeting difficulties, we would not survive. Life gives us 15 to make us braver and stronger. 1. A．independently B．joyfully C．accidentally D．absolutely 2. A．give out B．get out C．work out D．take out 3. A．saved B．wasted C．lost D．took 4. A．entry B．escape C．gap D．vigour 5. A．leave B．trip C．leap D．settle 6. A．check B．help C．move D．cure 7. A．neat B．scared C．soft D．weak 8. A．barely B．slowly C．suddenly D．sharply 9. A．tend B．restore C．defend D．observe 10. A．divide B．perform C．spread D．gather 11. A．Thus B．Instead C．However D．Meanwhile 12. A．talent B．effort C．motivation D．approach 13. A．essential B．rewarding C．flexible D．cruel 14. A．fortune B．assistance C．guidance D．power 15. A．challenges B．accidents C．chaos D．restrictions Passage 3 （23-24高二下·山西晋城·期末）I took my cat, Rag, into Dr MacFarland’s clinic for his illness. Rag was 1 of being in this strange place. He screamed all the way. Putting the cat carrier down in the corner. I began to 2 the necessary paperwork. Then suddenly it got 3 . No more crying. I raised my head, listening 4 . Still, silence. A sudden 5 rushed over me as I realized that the front door to Dr MacFarland’s clinic was still open. I thought Rag must have 6 outside! Immediately, I 7 the pen and turned to rush out of the door. I hadn’t taken more than two steps when I stopped short — attracted by the 8 before me. Rag, still in his carrier, had his pink nose pressed up against the bars. He was exchanging greetings with another cat who could only get around by 9 his back legs behind him. Obviously, that cat tried to 10 Rag’s fears in a way only another cat would know. It was clear that the little interaction had made a big 11 in his mood. Rag calmed down. I couldn’t help but feel a sense of 12 . Later, I 13 the receptionist about the cat. She 14 Slick’s story. A road accident left him half paralyzed. Then the receptionist smiled and said, “When he recovered with their help, Slick, 15 , became a help around the place.” As we left the clinic. I looked back at Slick. He was comforting another scared cat. 1. A．tired B．capable C．ashamed D．frightened 2. A．fill out B．throw away C．check in D．pick on 3. A．noisy B．quiet C．crowded D．busy 4. A．desperately B．closely C．casually D．angrily 5. A．excitement B．joy C．guilt D．fear 6. A．escaped B．stepped C．disappeared D．played 7. A．held B．adjusted C．dropped D．selected 8. A．track B．vision C．scene D．image 9. A．stretching B．dragging C．lifting D．shaking 10. A．hide B．ease C．break D．process 11. A．decision B．movement C．difference D．promise 12. A．relief B．satisfaction C．justice D．loss 13. A．taught B．warned C．reminded D．inquired 14. A．created B．announced C．unfolded D．rewrote 15. A．on purpose B．on duty C．in depth D．in turn Passage 4 （2024·广东·模拟预测）One day, I was standing on the boat when a very large female leopard seal swam by. I put on my diving gear and got my camera. I was 1 . My mouth was dry. At first, I couldn’t even move. But I knew it was time to 2 this mysterious creature. I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam toward me. Then she put my entire camera—and much of my 3 — into her mouth. Although the seal was putting me at risk, I tried not to 4 any fear. After a few seconds, she let go of my head. She 5 me a few more times and swam away. Then she 6 with a live penguin. She even tried to show me how to 7 it. She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 8 ! The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to 9 me, I realized. By now, she didn’t seem very 10 . She stayed by me for four days. One time, she noticed another leopard seal 11 behind me. She made a deep, threatening sound and 12 the other seal away. Those four days were the most incredible experience I ever had as a wildlife 13 . I got some amazing pictures. I also learned that animals do not always behave the way we 14 . My relationship with this powerful and 15 animal will stay with me forever. 1. A．amused B．enthusiastic C．cautious D．frightened 2. A．approach B．rescue C．treat D．hunt 3. A．leg B．head C．body D．neck 4. A．feel B．arouse C．reveal D．overcome 5. A．attacked B．threatened C．disturbed D．confused 6. A．disappeared B．communicated C．returned D．competed 7. A．digest B．eat C．seize D．injure 8. A．mouth B．eyes C．nose D．stomach 9. A．discipline B．adopt C．observe D．feed 10. A．powerful B．dangerous C．sensitive D．gentle 11. A．come across B．come back C．come over D．come up 12. A．drove B．directed C．took D．waved 13. A．manager B．painter C．advocate D．photographer 14. A．demand B．work C．expect D．react 15. A．intelligent B．accessible C．primitive D．anxious Passage 5 （23-24高二下·广东肇庆·阶段练习）While so many birds visit our leafy garden every year, it’s the pair of tawny frogmouths (茶色夜鹰) that have been returning for years to 1 their young that bring the most excitement. It’s been wonderful to observe how both parents take on the 2 duty of caring for their young. Last summer the frogmouth family, parents and two babies, was 3 sitting in a tree close to our back deck 4 the late afternoon sunshine. With little 5 , dark clouds emerged, and 6 rain began to fall. At first the birds seemed to enjoy the rain and moved out along the branch, fluffing up (抖开) their feathers to 7 the wet weather. But within minutes, day turned to night. Dark clouds brought a 8 heavy storm; crashing thunder and blinding lightning, wild winds and driving rain turned the garden into a(n) 9 place for the little family. Through the flashes of lightning, we watched in 10 as the parents guided their young back along the branch until they were all gathered close to the tree trunk, both parents spreading their wings over their young to 11 them from the rain. When the storm passed, the family walked 12 out along the branch and spread their wings to enjoy the sunshine. When I look up at the pair of tawny frogmouths who continue to 13 our garden, I know I’m not just looking at 14 parents, but very 15 ones. 1. A．monitor B．save C．raise D．teach 2. A．painful B．risky C．simple D．serious 3. A．happily B．nervously C．hungrily D．bravely 4. A．avoiding B．enjoying C．expecting D．following 5. A．chance B．hope C．reporting D．warning 6. A．light B．heavy C．freezing D．seasonal 7. A．pay attention to B．keep track of C．get rid of D．take advantage of 8. A．late B．slow C．sudden D．perfect 9. A．attractive B．unsafe C．hiding D．unimportant 10. A．amazement B．horror C．embarrassment D．regret 11. A．remove B．distract C．protect D．separate 12. A．quietly B．away C．back D．sleepily 13. A．visit B．decorate C．approach D．clean 14. A．restless B．devoted C．shy D．determined 15. A．proud B．lucky C．demanding D．wise 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高二上·河南许昌·期末）My family always had some sort of animal around, but none of them were truly mine. My parents didn’t permit me to 1 my own until I was seven years old. Finally, I was 2 to have my own 3 , a fish called George. I said it was my responsibility to 4 it. Every Friday I would clean out his bowl. I found myself 5 invitations to go somewhere immediately after school, because I would have to feed my fish first. Every day he would remind me that I was 6 and that I had someone depending on me. One day, I came home from school and headed to my room to 7 George. I found a 8 thing had happened. I 9 my bag and ran over to the bowl. I saw my best friend George floating around lifeless. My mom walked into my room. I turned around as tears started to well in my eyes. “Mommy, George d…d…died.” With that 10 word I started crying uncontrollably. My mom came to my side as I hid my face in my pillows. Suddenly, I realized that George hadn’t just 11 me. He had taught me what 12 meant. I learned it through feeding him and cleaning his bowl. This made me feel 13 . To my seven-year-old self, this was a great 14 . Slowly, a smile crossed my face. George was gone. 15 , the lessons he taught me would forever be carved into my memory. 1. A．draw B．imagine C．have D．share 2. A．doubtful B．excited C．surprised D．afraid 3. A．toy B．mind C．time D．pet 4. A．take care of B．make use of C．get hold of D．look forward to 5. A．reading out B．putting away C．turning down D．showing off 6. A．replaced B．recognized C．affected D．needed 7. A．feed B．save C．impress D．find 8. A．basic B．terrible C．funny D．familiar 9. A．dropped B．emptied C．hid D．checked 10. A．common B．last C．extra D．new 11. A．left B．reminded C．defeated D．chosen 12. A．preference B．independence C．difficulty D．responsibility 13. A．safe B．good C．sorry D．tired 14. A．agreement B．treatment C．disappointment D．achievement 15. A．Otherwise B．Besides C．However D．Therefore Passage 7 （22-23高二下·浙江嘉兴·期末）One morning, I called our pregnant cat Socky to be fed, but she didn’t come. I thought she’d probably found somewhere to 1 her kittens (小猫) and would turn up later. But when Socky didn’t come at dinnertime, I really started to 2 . Socky had a 3 of having her kittens in strange places, so I 4 all her hiding-places but no Socky. The next day was Saturday and I had the 5 day to search for her. I rechecked under the house, but no luck. After lunch I took some 6 with me in case I found her, and then began searching the back shed (棚), which was filled with 7 boxes. After about an hour of moving boxes from one place to another and back again, I was extremely 8 . I sat down to have a rest when I heard 9 mewing. I pressed my 10 against each of the boxes to catch the sounds. 11 , I found Socky and her three newly-born kittens. As the boxes weren’t in 12 condition, I imagined that when Socky jumped into one of the bottom boxes, it must have caused the higher ones to fall, 13 her in. Socky was very 14 to see me and although she was weak, she managed to eat the food I brought her. I named the three kittens. They were all healthy and 15 to be great mouse catchers just like their mother. 1. A．hide B．nurse C．feed D．have 2. A．hesitate B．worry C．regret D．sympathise 3. A．habit B．way C．chance D．sense 4. A．selected B．checked C．discovered D．confirmed 5. A．busy B．perfect C．whole D．big 6. A．water B．food C．blankets D．clothes 7. A．huge B．heavy C．empty D．colourful 8. A．tired B．surprised C．annoyed D．embarrassed 9. A．unique B．lovely C．loud D．faint 10. A．finger B．nose C．ear D．mouth 11. A．Finally B．Actually C．Exactly D．Instantly 12. A．poor B．strange C．neat D．excellent 13. A．allowing B．taking C．involving D．shutting 14. A．pleased B．shocked C．curious D．nervous 15. A．happened B．grew C．continued D．failed Passage 8 （2024·山东菏泽·模拟预测）While many cats love to go outdoors, they usually do not venture far from home. But some cats are the 1 . One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second 2 . Although Nala, a four-year-old cat has a home in Hertfordshire and a loving owner, she always loves 3 , with an adventurous spirit. Her owner, Natasha Ambler fitted her with a GPS tracking device. And Nala’s favorite place to 4 is the Stevenage Station where she 5 commuters every day. She comes in every day to greet hundreds of commuters. Ambler says that Nala goes to the station when it is the busiest because she enjoys the 6 . The staff at the station have grown very 7 of Nala. They say, “Her 8 always makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.” Nala wears a collar with 9 , including her name and owner’s phone number. Ambler says that she received around 20 calls a day from people telling her they 10 her cat. She had to make a second tag (标签) to tell people that Nala was not lost but just on a(n) 11 . Nala is so popular that Ambler 12 a website page where people can post photos of their 13 with the cat. One passenger posted, “She 14 my day when I get the train to work.” Another said, “Nala is 15 a real celebrity of the Stevenage Station.” 1. A．competitors B．cases C．negotiators D．exceptions 2. A．circus B．zoo C．home D．workplace 3. A．eating B．wandering C．hunting D．sleeping 4. A．visit B．skip C．monitor D．advocate 5. A．challenges B．delights C．guides D．disturbs 6. A．debate B．news C．space D．attention 7. A．worthy B．free C．fond D．proud 8. A．presence B．request C．performance D．trick 9. A．qualifications B．diaries C．details D．recommendations 10. A．found B．released C．struck D．adopted 11. A．business B．adventure C．exhibition D．diet 12. A．looked for B．referred to C．learned from D．set up 13. A．encounters B．fights C．quarrels D．comparisons 14. A．experiences B．makes C．explores D．examines 15. A．directly B．relatively C．frequently D．definitely Passage 9 （22-23高二下·河南商丘·期末）Lately, I have been struggling to connect with my dad because our conversations have seemed unimportant to him. In a half-hearted attempt to find something that 1 him, I pulled out my phone and showed him a few 2 of Jay, my new pet rabbit. “Did Mom tell you I got a bunny?” It was a strange question. To my surprise, my dad’s 3 were lifted. “A black bunny!” he called out, getting closer to 4 the photos. He wanted to know more. I hurried to find more photos, holding on to this 5 opportunity. I shouldn’t be 6 that it was a bunny that broke through the 7 between my dad and me. Growing up, we never talked much. 8 , our time together centered around animals, like catching crayfish at the river and caring for turtles and crabs. 9 animals has always been our thing. A few months later, I came prepared with more photos and videos of Jay on my laptop so my dad could see them more 10 . I had been 11 that his initial interest in Jay was a one-off event, but he 12 up again when I showed him the new stuff. Our love for animals is the 13 that connects us. There was no 14 to start having deep conversations if that had never been our style, — just finding 15 together in a photo of a bunny was enough. 1. A．connects B．comforts C．inspires D．interests 2. A．gifts B．photos C．videos D．posters 3. A．spirits B．feelings C．eyes D．hands 4. A．point at B．glance at C．go over D．watch over 5. A．unexpected B．unfinished C．unimportant D．unsuccessful 6. A．disappointed B．annoyed C．satisfied D．surprised 7. A．chat B．routine C．bridge D．fog 8. A．Plus B．Thus C．Meanwhile D．Instead 9. A．Respecting B．Loving C．Researching D．Catching 10. A．easily B．gradually C．patiently D．quickly 11. A．pleased B．ashamed C．worried D．discouraged 12. A．cheered B．stood C．gave D．looked 13. A．trick B．privilege C．bond D．routine 14. A．need B．help C．harm D．chance 15. A．hope B．joy C．success D．freedom Passage 10 （23-24高二下·安徽·期末）Inspired by the book Tarzan and the Apes, Jane Goodall decided that she wanted to go to Africa to study animals. People thought those 1 were just for boys. But Jane’s mother 2 her daughter. Once in Africa, Jane met the famous scientists Louis and Mary Leakey. Louis was 3 by Jane and hired her to work as his secretary. After a few years, he 4 Jane to the Gombe Preserve to study chimpanzees. But it wasn’t as simple as packing her bags and 5 into the forest. The managers of the preserve thought that Jane, as one of the first women in primatology (灵长类动物学), wouldn’t be 6 working in the wilderness. There were 7 animals to worry about. Instead of being afraid when she went into the forest for the first time, Jane has said that she felt like she was “coming home” to a place where she 8 . At this point, she still hadn’t gone to 9 , so she didn’t know how 10 normally did things. But Jane’s methods 11 to work very well! She gave 12 to the animals she observed, like Greybeard, Goliath, and Flo, instead of numbers. She got to know each animal as an 13 and saw that each chimp had a unique personality, a lot like humans. She also saw them making 14 , which was hard for other scientists at the time to believe. After Jane had spent a few years 15 chimpanzees, she attended Cambridge University to earn a doctoral degree. Just as she decided she would when she was 10 years old, she finally wrote several books on her experiences with the apes. 1. A．experiences B．adventures C．programs D．projects 2. A．supported B．protected C．questioned D．refused 3. A．motivated B．replaced C．impressed D．accompanied 4. A．forced B．persuaded C．instructed D．sent 5. A．heading B．falling C．integrating D．breaking 6. A．available B．helpful C．safe D．selected 7. A．endangered B．rare C．wild D．dangerous 8. A．belonged B．remained C．recalled D．served 9. A．ground B．court C．college D．prison 10. A．parents B．researchers C．women D．officials 11. A．won out B．sprang up C．went on D．turned out 12. A．names B．gestures C．orders D．pictures 13. A．alternative B．individual C．adult D．assistant 14. A．sounds B．mistakes C．tools D．plans 15. A．sorting B．training C．treating D．observing 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （22-23高二下·贵州铜仁·期末）When I was young, we lived in an area known as Fruitland for the apple trees that grew there. Since my father was a 1 carpenter(木匠), our house was elegantly built. A porch(门廊) wrapped around the front and side of it. Past the soft green lawn, the 2 was surrounded by forest. During the hot summers, my brother, Curtis and I spent our days outside with old Belle, our father’s 3 . We loved to play on a large pile of 4 that was left over from the construction of the house. One morning when we went outside to play, we couldn’t 5 Belle. We searched everywhere, but useless. 6 , we found her standing near the pile of rocks that was our playground. As we 7 the rocks, Belle growled(咆哮) at us. It seemed something 8 happened there. Feeling strange, we went back to the house, and told our mother about Belle’s 9 . Mother 10 to see for herself, but when she tried to come close to Belle, the dog again gave a 11 growl. Our mother told us to stay away. All day, Belle 12 by the pile of rocks, without water or food, in the hot sun. When our father 13 , he, too, went to check on Belle. There Belle grabbed his pants and 14 him to the rocks. To our 15 , my father found a large copperhead snake there. Our beloved Belle had kept us safe. 1. A．helpful B．optimistic C．skillful D．realistic 2. A．property B．reward C．business D．wealth 3. A．bird B．dog C．cat D．horse 4. A．sands B．woods C．rocks D．steels 5. A．ask B．tell C．inform D．find 6. A．Originally B．Finally C．Actually D．Instantly 7. A．removed B．restored C．approached D．appreciated 8. A．helpless B．natural C．exciting D．unusual 9. A．behavior B．personality C．habit D．lifestyle 10. A．gave up B．came out C．took up D．broke out 11. A．convincing B．exciting C．inspiring D．warning 12. A．worked B．studied C．walked D．stayed 13. A．returned B．changed C．left D．slept 14. A．sent B．threw C．pulled D．invited 15. A．surprise B．sadness C．regret D．comfort Passage 12 （22-23高二下·山东日照·期末）A cat travelled more than 280 miles to her old home, which she had left three months before. About two months later, she was 1 with her owners. In 2021 May, Laetitia De Amicis 2 with her family and their three cats Felys, Crapaud and Cocci because of job 3 . The family took great care of the cats at their new location because they were 4 that the cats would get lost in different 5 . But Cocci went missing in August 2021. Laetitia, with her two children, 6 to search for Cocci but failed. To stop her kids from worrying, Laetitia told them that Cocci had 7 gone home to look for them back in the old location. Sure enough, a stranger 8 a cat, just five miles from their 9 home. In October 2021, Lactitia saw a 10 on a social media about a cat, and the stay-at-home mom 11 her immediately. The adventurous cat was sent to the local veterinarian (兽医) who 12 the missing animal was 10 years old and looked just like Cocci. Laetitia asked her father living nearby to go and 13 her. He thought it was 14 that a cat had actually traveled across the country, but eventually, he agreed. “When he called me that day, I saw my dad hugging my cat on the video call,” said Laetitia. “I was with my daughter. She recognized her and 15 tears.” Finally, Cocci was taken back to her new home. 1. A．bored B．reunited C．connected D．disappointed 2. A．played B．traveled C．moved D．wandered 3. A．promotion B．efficiency C．experience D．satisfaction 4. A．annoyed B．worried C．ashamed D．embarrassed 5. A．stages B．ages C．directions D．surroundings 6. A．tried B．offered C．decided D．expected 7. A．hurriedly B．eagerly C．obviously D．likely 8. A．stole B．found C．bought D．abandoned 9. A．new B．remote C．previous D．strange 10. A．post B．sign C．book D．guide 11. A．recognized B．contacted C．accepted D．refused 12. A．argued B．realized C．predicted D．confirmed 13. A．adopt B．identify C．research D．examine 14. A．normal B．illegal C．impossible D．interesting 15. A．wiped off B．held back C．turned into D．burst into Passage 13 （22-23高二下·安徽滁州·期末）A five-month-old bar tailed godwit recently broke the record for long-distance migration after flying 13,560 kilometers non-stop over a period of 11 days. Every autumn, millions of migratory birds take to the 1 for a long and exhausting journey to 2 the coming cold, feed and breed for the next few months. Many of them 3 impressive distances of over 10,000 kilometers, but this year, one small bird was 4 all expectations regarding long-distance flying, traveling a big 13,560 kilometers without stopping. And it was all because of an unusual roundabout way that could have 5 the bird its life, considering that the non-stop journey pushed its 6 capacity to the limit. Last month, the young bar-tailed godwit 7 from Alaska to New Zealand, but somehow, at one point during its 8 journey, the small bird took a little roundabout way that added an extra 500 kilometers to its original route. That seems like a small distance to cover, considering that the normal 9 would have seen it fly around 13,000 kilometers, but it’s actually a significant difference that could have had deadly 10 . Scientists were able to 11 the godwit’s record flight with the help of a tiny tracker that only weighed 5 grams. Technological advancements have allowed researchers to track such small species of birds without 12 them, as adding any kind of significant weight to a creature that weighs only between 300 and 400 grams could put its life in danger. Dr. Woehler estimates that the bird lost “half or more of its body 13 ” during the 11-day continuous flight, but 14 it to dry land safely. Interestingly, scientists haven’t yet understood 15 birds like the bar-tailed godwit are able to navigate such large distances without stopping and without getting lost. 1. A．ground B．forest C．sky D．mountain 2. A．challenge B．bear C．escape D．enjoy 3. A．add B．cover C．measure D．calculate 4. A．within B．under C．for D．beyond 5. A．costed B．saved C．offered D．changed 6. A．recognition B．flight C．defense D．management 7. A．put off B．turned off C．showed off D．took off 8. A．tiring B．exciting C．smooth D．short 9. A．gesture B．route C．sight D．dream 10. A．thoughts B．strengths C．consequences D．diseases 11. A．track B．create C．break D．bring 12. A．decorating B．endangering C．protecting D．preserving 13. A．water B．muscle C．weight D．size 14. A．made B．managed C．took D．appreciated 15. A．when B．where C．whether D．how Passage 14 （22-23高二下·山东青岛·期末）Love is blind: the magic of Tabby In October, 2003, I started my work at my local animal shelter’s adoption department. Over the years, more than 50,000 animals have 1 the door of the shelter. Most of them, I do not remember. But occasionally there are special animals, which touch me so deeply that I could never possibly 2 them. Tabby was one such animal. Tabby was an ancient cocker spaniel, probably 14 years old. What’s more, she was blind and deaf. Tabby’s chances of being adopted seemed 3 . After all, there weren’t many adopters coming here asking, “Can you show me all of your really old dogs that are also 4 ?” We had all thought that Tabby would live out the rest of her life at the shelter. One day a woman named Loretta came to the shelter. Her son, Gary, had 5 Tabby’s picture and stories on the shelter’s website at home. They were interested in meeting her! It was the only 6 we ever received about Tabby. What could a young child possibly see in a 14-year-old dog that was both blind and deaf? Most boys would want a dog that could grow with them and 7 through grassy fields on summer days. Tabby would never be able to do that. But after meeting her, Loretta and Gary thought that she was the right dog for their family. They adopted Tabby! If Tabby’s story had simply ended with her 8 adoption, it would still have been something very special indeed. 9 , it was what happened after her adoption that people might regard as “magic”. Gary 10 from seizures(癫痫). Since Gary and Tabby met, they had become 11 . They did everything together. They became so “in tune” with one another that Tabby began to telegraph Gary’s seizures 12 they occurred, giving his family a warning that one was about to strike. What’s more, Gary seemed to be having fewer and fewer seizures because of Tabby’s 13 . How could it be? Nobody could explain 14 Tabby did it. But we were fortunate enough to know they had 15 the magic, the kind that has its roots in love. 1. A．passed B．broken C．opened D．locked 2. A．recall B．forget C．leave D．abandon 3. A．possible B．great C．remote D．bright 4. A．disabled B．active C．stubborn D．patient 5. A．posted B．taken C．seen D．drawn 6. A．letter B．enquiry C．call D．donation 7. A．get B．look C．run D．break 8. A．temporary B．normal C．successful D．early 9. A．Moreover B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 10. A．learnt B．heard C．suffered D．recovered 11. A．unforgettable B．inseparable C．unfortunate D．uncomfortable 12. A．since B．unless C．before D．though 13. A．return B．birth C．arrival D．recovery 14. A．where B．how C．when D．whether 15. A．performed B．created C．achieved D．witnessed Passage 15 （22-23高二下·上海嘉定·期末）Most people have seen animals solve problems in one context or another Whether it’s a dog getting food out of a puzzle toy, a squirrel (松鼠) breaking into a “squirrel-proof, bird feeder, or — in what is hopefully a rarer experience — a bear opening a door to get to the food inside! Do all individuals within a species come up with 1 solutions to problems? Or are some individuals more innovative than others? In ungulates (for example, goats and horses), social outsiders are more likely to innovate than their 2 groupmates: if an individual spends time on the outer areas of their group, they are more likely to succeed at a problem-solving task. 3 , in some species of primates (灵长类动物) and birds, it has been shown that individuals with low social standing — that is, those who regularly lose fights, and who don’t have 4 of access to valuable resources — tend to innovate more. The above examples tie into the theory that the individuals who are least able to gain access to good quality 5 , such as food and shelter, are the most likely to innovate. This “bad competitor” theory suggests that individuals innovate because they must do so to 6 . Imagine you’re a goat who can’t get access to the feeding container because you’re not in the in-group. You’d probably be more 7 to figure out how to open a container with food inside than your more popular (and well-fed) groupmates. However, while there is support for this theory in some species, many species show opposing patterns. 8 , being a “bad competitor” doesn’t seem to be a general driver of innovation across species. 9 appears to have a more general influence on animal innovativeness. A meta-analysis (综合分析) across 37 studies of animal innovation found that being brave (that is, approaching 10 objects and exploring new environments) was linked to innovative behavior. For example, brave Carib grackles (a species of bird) and ungulates are more likely to innovate than their more easily frightened groupmates. 11 has also been linked to innovation in a variety of species, from zebra finches (斑胸草雀) to Asian elephants. Both make instinctive sense. The more likely an individual is to 12 with a new problem (that is, the braver they are, and the more time they spend trying to solve a problem (that is, the more persistent they are), the more likely they are to find a(n) 13 . Regardless of the reason individuals innovate, once an individual finds a solution to a problem, 14 a problem involving resource access, their behavior can spread like wildfire. Other individuals pay attention when a groupmate innovates, and 15 the problem-solving behavior. 1. A．instant B．comprehensive C．fair D．creative 2. A．friendly B．popular C．close D．faithful 3. A．Similarly B．Inevitably C．Apparently D．Gradually 4. A．purpose B．priority C．pressure D．potential 5. A．services B．materials C．goods D．resources 6. A．pretend B．compete C．survive D．evolve 7. A．reluctant B．excited C．motivated D．confused 8. A．Thus B．Besides C．Still D．Meanwhile 9. A．Emotion B．Gender C．Appearance D．Personality 10. A．living B．novel C．endangered D．ideal 11. A．Persistence B．Intelligence C．Performance D．Confidence 12. A．conflict B．compare C．interact D．identify 13. A．position B．object C．solution D．chance 14. A．absolutely B．fortunately C．definitely D．particularly 15. A．copy B．change C．influence D．evaluate 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$