专题-S734 选修四 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 语法填空【题型易-考试题型精练】高二下(选择性必修四)英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版2019）

专题-S734语法填空 人教版选择性必修四 题型特训 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·福建宁德·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We all know the characteristic 1 (feature) of a giraffe : long neck, hornlike head protuberances, spotted coat. Well, not always. A giraffe 2 (miss) spots was recently photographed 3 the first time in the wild. The unprecedented sighting, at a private game reserve in Namibia, 4 (occur) just weeks after another animal with similar coloring was born at a Tennessee zoo. No data suggest that a solid-brown coat is appearing more 5 (frequent) than in the past, but it's a surprising coincidence, says Sara Ferguson, a wildlife veterinarian and 6 (conserve) health coordinator at the Giraffe Conservation Foundation. The last 7 (report) all -brown giraffe sighting was in 1972, at a Tokyo zoo. Genetic mutations are the likely cause, 8 the animals don't seem to be at a disadvantage, says Derek Lee, 9 biologist at Penn State University who co-authored a 2018 study 10 found some aspects of giraffe markings are passed down from mother to calf. Are the all - brown giraffes truly spotless ? Technically, Lee says, they're " one-spot- all - over giraffes." Passage 2 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Around the world, 10% of deaths 1 (cause) by stroke (中风). Dementia (痴呆) can appear after a stroke. The good news is that there is 2 close bond between the cup of coffee or tea you reach for in the morning and a lower risk of stroke and dementia. The most recent study 3 (do) by Tianjin Medical University found that among more than 360,000 participants studied over a period of 10 to 14 years, those 4 drank 2 to 3 cups of coffee, 3 to 5 cups of tea or a mixture of 4 to 6 cups of coffee or tea a day had the 5 (low) potential for developing stroke and dementia. However, there exist limitations of the 6 (accurate) of the study, because the participants reported their own tea and coffee drinking and their estimates could be influenced by their own preference. Researchers note that though the findings may point to some benefits of 7 (have) coffee or tea, that doesn’t necessarily mean drinking more 8 (be) good. People estimate a cup’s worth of coffee or tea 9 (different), so we should keep 10 in mind that most things are best consumed in moderation. Passage 3 （22-23高二下·甘肃庆阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Three pandas at Japan’s Wakayama park return to China SHIRAHAMA, Japan - Eimei, a giant panda 1 has lived in Japan for 28 years, left western Japan’s Wakayama park along with his twin 2 (daughter) to fly back to China on Wednesday morning. 3 30-year-old male panda, along with his eight-year-old Japan-born twin daughters Ouhin 4 Touhin, has left their current home at the Adventure World, a theme park in the town of Shirahama in Wakayama prefecture. Later in the day, the three giant pandas were scheduled 5 (take) a flight from the Kansai International Airport to a facility in southwest China’s Sichuan province. Prior to their departure, a farewell ceremony 6 (hold) at the park on Tuesday, where about 2,000 visitors 7 (say) goodbye to the three pandas. Eimei, or Yong Ming in Chinese, is a 30-year-old male panda and the 8 (old) giant panda living in Japan. 9 (come) from China in 1994, it is the father of 16 giant panda cubs born at the Adventure World, setting the world record for being the oldest giant panda to have 10 (successful) fed in captivity. Passage 4 （22-23高二下·河南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Are there plenty of birds in your neighborhood? This is good news for your mental health because birdsong can help reduce 1 (anxious). This is the latest finding of a study, 2 was published in the Nature Porifolio journal, Scientific Reports, explaining the 3 (remark) healing power of birdsong. Meanwhile, another recent study on the impact of birdsong, 4 (base) on real time feedback via APP, also points to a sustained improvement in mental well-being. Since COVID-19 5 (break) out in December 2019,the increased pressure and depression that people experienced has been well documented, for instance, in this World Health Organization overview. In 6 effort to understand the influence of birdsong on mental health, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin, joined scientists from the University of Hamburg-Eppendorf to evaluate how birdsong and, by contrast, man-made traffic noise affect mood and cognitive functioning. They did this in an online experiment 7 (involve) 295 healthy people. These participants heard either six minutes of traffic noise, 8 birdsong, completing questionnaires before and after hearing the sounds. 9 (important), the study authors emphasize that healthy people can also feel anxious and experience temporary depression. They believe that the questionnaire helped identify these 10 (tendency) in healthy participants though they are not diagnosed with mental health issues. Passage 5 （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 CHINA DAILY Oct. 20, 2022 Two giant pandas arrived in Doha, 1 capital of Qatar, on Wednesday, on a plane from China to fulfill a cooperation 2 (agree) on giant panda conservation and research between the two nations. They 3 (expect) to stay in Qatar for 15 years under the agreement. According to the CCRC for the Giant Panda in Sichuan province, the two pandas—3-year-old female Si Hai and 4-year-old male Jing Jing—left the research center’s Ya’an base in Chengdu, Sichuan, 4 Qatar on Tuesday. Mohamed, Qatar’s ambassador to China, said via video link during the farewell ceremony in Chengdu for the giant pandas that he appreciated the bilateral relations between Qatar and China, adding that the gift shows 5 deeply the relations have developed. The ambassador said that the event was a milestone in cultural diplomacy, 6 (bring) the two sides’ relations to a 7 (high) level and a wider field. He also invited guests at the ceremony to visit Qatar and watch the 2022 Qatar World Cup, 8 (hold) on Nov. 20 in Doha. “ 9 is the first time that giant pandas have traveled to the Middle East,” the center said, adding that breeders and vet experts were sent to help the giant pandas adapt to the new environment. So far, the number of captive giant pandas worldwide 10 (increase) to 673, according to the center. 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （22-23高二下·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, videos 1 (show) bees in a plastic box drop from the air the moment lights are turned off have circulated (流传) on the Internet. Most people take 2 for granted that for those bees dropping is more dangerous than keeping flying. However, it's not true.    One theory could link to how bees use the sun's position to guide their way back, so once the sun sets, they immediately stop moving.   3 theory suggests it is a prey (猎物) response, 4 shade from a large predator (捕食者) above them resulting in bees dropping from the air and falling to the ground, where they would have less chance of being spotted.     Either way, such strange behavior of bees is 5 (fascinate) to look at. Some bees have adapted to flying at night, 6 (possible) as there is less competition from other 7 (insect). However, 8 bees can see in the dark depends on how “night” and “dark” 9 (understand), as some animals can see at night because they have eyes 10 (accustom) to low lighting, while dark can mean a total absence of light. Passage 7 （22-23高二下·山东滨州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Giant panda Ya Ya returned home to Beijing Zoo early on Monday after spending 20 years in the United States. In 2003, Ya Ya and male giant panda Le Le, traveled to Memphis Zoo in the US state of Tennesse 1 part of a China-US giant panda protection and research program. In 2006, Ya Ya began to shed her fur, a condition that 2 (worse)in 2014. Experts at Memphis Zoo and in China tried various treatments, but were 3 (able)to solve the problem. Then Memphis Zoo announced that it would return the pandas. However, in February, Le Le passed away due to heart disease. On April 8, the zoo hosted a farewell party for Ya Ya, with hundreds of people 4 (attend)the event. On April 27,giant panda Ya Ya arrived in Shanghai and was then quarantined（检疫） for a month 5 delivered to Beijing. During the quarantine period, 6 (experience) keepers and veterinarians provided round-the-clock care for Ya Ya due to her old age and changed living environment. Shanghai Zoo offered support 7 (ensure) her safety and health. Beijing Zoo has prepared 8 special feeding place for Ya Ya as well as tailor-made feeding, 9 (measure),care, medical support and nutrition plans. Besides, Beijing Zoo received a special delivery of fresh bamboo from Chengdu, Sichuan province, which 10 (airlift) to make sure that each panda at the zoo could have fresh food. Passage 8 （23-24高二下·云南曲靖·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After more than a century of debate, researchers have settled the puzzle of a tiny, mysterious reptile that left an 1 (impress) on Scottish sandstone nearly a quarter of a billion years ago. The 20cm-long creature, Scleromochlus tay- lori(泰勒斯克列罗龙), 2 (discover) in Moray in the early 1900s, but all that remained from a 3 (hand) of specimens(标本) were the natural moulds(模子) 4 (create) in the rock when the fossilized bones dissolved away. However, where the creature sat in the tree of life proved a tougher puzzle to crack (破解 ). Some experts claimed the reptile was a close relative of the dinosaurs, but others argued it was a forerunner of the pterosaurs — the 5 (one) animals with bones to take to the skies. In the hope of finally 6 (resolve) the mystery, researchers turned 7 CT scans. The images revealed the creature in unprecedented detail, allowing scientists to reconstruct the entire skeleton and find its proper place in evolutionary history. Writing in Nature, the researchers describe new features of the animal, such as the shape of the upper jaw and thigh bones, 8 are more closely related to pterosaurs than dinosaurs.“We have this image of giant pterosaurs as big as a plane, but the very early ones were no 9 (big)than a coffee table,” Foffa said. “They were much closer to the size of Scleromochlus.” The research may end the debate over Sclero-mochlus, but scientists are still 10 (definite) unclear how small, ground-based reptiles evolved into soaring pterosaurs, 10 to 15 million years later. Passage 9 （23-24高二下·海南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Zhou Longshan started filming birds 10 years ago at Baiyangdian Lake, a major wetland in northern China, he just 1 (aim) to record his favorite species — egrets (白鹭). Then in the following years, he became a bird-watcher, a photographer and an educator 2 popularizes bird-related information among students. “Sharing bird-protection knowledge with children can make them feel the 3 (beautiful) of their hometown and the importance of birds, and help them form the habit of protecting birds from 4 early age,” he says. Growing up beside Baiyangdian Lake, he has many fond childhood 5 (memory) associated with the wetland. “When I was a child, the water in Baiyangdian was clear. The fish and plants in the water could be seen clearly,” he says. However, between the 1960s and the 1980s, Baiyangdian suffered severely from 6 (industry) pollution. Chemicals carried by sewage (污水)poisoned the water and lake beds, 7 (kill) fish and plants. Then, efforts were made to turn the tide and restore the lake 8 its former state of health. Since the Xiong’an New Area 9 (establish), Baiyangdian’s protection activities have improved greatly. These days, Zhou’s schedule is growing busier. He is sometimes invited to local schools to give lectures, keeping students 10 (inform) about birds and how to protect them. Passage 10 （23-24高二下·广东深圳·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Not long ago, my daughter's shoes 1 (damage) with a knife. She burst into tears. I took them to the shoemaker's. The man said he would add more scratches on both shoes as if the openings were made on purpose for a special style. I didn't fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later I dropped by from work 2 (collect) the shoes. I found more scratches on each shoe, but all the openings were patched by red leather and the stitches were twisted. The appearance looked 3 ( interesting) than ever. The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 4 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 5 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 6 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. Crying is a natural response to emotions. Regardless of 7 causes the tears to flow, the physical reaction is usually the same with puffy cheeks and tight eyes 8 (lead) to streaming tears down one's face. Despite its stigma(污名), crying can be an act 9 relieves tension and clears feelings of negativity and sadness. Crying can communicate our emotions to others and foster greater understanding and compassion. Ultimately, crying is a powerful tool we ought to use to free ourselves 10 negativity. 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （23-24高二下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The golden snub-nosed monkey is 1 unique species found only in the mountainous forests of central and southwestern China. These monkeys get their common names from their golden-orange fur and snub noses. The golden snub-nosed monkey is a large primate (灵长类动物), with males 2 (weigh) up to 25 kilos and females around 15 kilos. They have a thick coat of fur that helps them adapt 3 the cold, mountainous environment. Their diet 4 (consist) mainly of leaves, flowers and fruits. The monkey is also known for its playful nature,  often 5 (see) swinging from branches and playing with each other. Unfortunately, the golden snub-nosed monkey is facing numerous threats to its 6 (survive). Habitat loss due to deforestation and agriculture has 7 (significant) reduced the monkeys’ living space. Additionally, hunting for their fur and body parts poses a constant threat to these 8 (endanger) creatures. In recent years, conversation efforts have been made to protect the golden snub-nosed monkey and its habitat. Many protected areas have been established in their range, including nature reserves and national parks, 9 provide safe shelters for the monkeys. The golden snub-nosed monkey is not only a symbol of China's rich biodiversity, but an essential part of the ecosystem. Their conservation is, without doubt, of vital 10 (important). Passage 12 （23-24高二下·四川绵阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A fisherman from USA caught a very rare bright blue lobster (龙虾) off the coast of Maine and 1 (choose) to set it free back into the ocean. But the 2 (photo) of it went viral on the social media. While the shells of lobsters are generally red or brown in color, the blue shell is a result of a genetic mutation (突变), 3 causes the lobster to produce more of a particular protein than others, 4 (lead) to the rare blue color. Because blue lobsters are 5 (extreme) rare, fishermen Believe it’s a sign of good luck to catch one. Yellow, orange and crystal-colored lobsters are considered even 6 (rare) than bright blue ones. According to the lobster Institute, yellow lobsters account for about one in 30 million of the total population, while the chances of catching a crystal lobster are believed to be one in 100 million. Blue lobsters may not be the most unusual, 7 they are undoubtedly the best to look at. Many restaurants in the UK have agreed to spare the rare blue lobsters and give them a new place 8 (live). “I felt responsible. Something so rare doesn’t require a place on the menu. Every species 9 (deserve) a fair chance at survival,” Said Austin Hopley, a chef at “The Hare”, “It is 10 extraordinary finding and worth saving to try to educate the public about the amazing creatures in the ecosystem.” Passage 13 （2022·浙江杭州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Three million years may seem like a long time. But when you consider that planet Earth is more than 4.5 billion years old, it is a pretty short period of time. The blue whale, 1 (weigh) more than even the biggest dinosaurs, is the largest animal that has ever lived. They can grow 2 30 meters long and be as heavy as 130,000 kilograms. 3 for millions of years, they were not nearly that large, scientists say. “All of a sudden — ‘boom’— we see them get very big, ” scientist Nick Pyenson said. He and other 4 (researcher) recently published an article on whale size. “It’s like going from whales 5 size of minivans (面包车) to longer than two school buses, ” Pyenson added. The scientists believe that a change in the Earth’s climate caused whales 6 (get) so large only about 3 million years ago. This change led to food becoming more 7 (easy) available. An oncoming ice age made the ocean water cold and brought more nutrients, resulting in more food for large whales. Whales 8 were able to quickly eat a lot of food survived, and got 9 (large). Over the next three or four million years, the blue whales grew 10 times bigger than they 10 (be), the scientists say. Passage 14 （22-23高二下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 Christmas morning, nine-year-old Molly Sampson and her 17-year-old sister Natalie wore chest-high waterproof overalls to go shark tooth hunting like professionals. The sisters set for Maryland’s Calvert Beach with their father to put their new 2 (equip) to use. Though it was very cold, Molly was undeterred. With the tide particularly low, she 3 (walk) deep into the ocean. In less than half an hour, the fourth-grader noticed something big just beneath the surface of the water. To her delight, it was exactly 4 she was hoping to find: a megalodon (巨齿鲨) tooth. The Sampsons took Molly’s 5 (excite) find to the Calvert Marine Museum in Solomons, Maryland. There, Dr. Stephen Godfrey, the Curator of Paleontology, confirmed that the massive five-inch tooth was indeed that of a megalodon. The waters off Calvert Cliffs were once home 6 whales and dolphins that would have attracted hungry megalodons and other shark species. Sharks 7 (frequent) lose their teeth and replace them with new ones. As 8 result, the area is a treasure trove for amateur fossil hunters looking for shark teeth. While over a hundred shark teeth 9 (find) annually, few are 10 (large) than the one Molly found. Passage 15 （23-24高二下·浙江·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将相应答案写在答题纸上。 Bird-watching, a hobby gaining significant traction in China, draws a varied crowd of enthusiasts, from dedicated scientists to retirees 1 (look) for an engaging pastime. Its appeal lies in the fact that it offers 2 enriching experience that is mutually beneficial both to bird-watchers 3 to their avian (鸟类的) friends. Liu Yang, a professor at the School of Ecology at Sun Yat-sen University and the deputy secretary-general of the China Ornithological Society, is one of the country’s most 4 (accomplish) bird-watchers, and has a sighting list of 5 (approximate) 1,330 species. Since childhood, Liu 6 (fascinate) with studying the nests of house swifts, an interest that sparked his love for nature and biodiversity. Hence, observing and identifying all the birds he saw and keeping a record, 7 is also known as a “life list”, became his “small goal”. “Even though I have seen over 90 percent of the bird species in China, I still encounter intriguing bird behaviors and phenomena in the wild that inspire 8 (far) research,” he says. 9 , research is just one aspect of his work. “Scientific research and popular science shouldn’t be seen as separate entities (实体). Your research questions originate from nature and life, and the results should be made 10 (access) to the public,” he explains. 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$专题-S734语法填空 人教版选择性必修四 题型特训 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·福建宁德·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We all know the characteristic 1 (feature) of a giraffe : long neck, hornlike head protuberances, spotted coat. Well, not always. A giraffe 2 (miss) spots was recently photographed 3 the first time in the wild. The unprecedented sighting, at a private game reserve in Namibia, 4 (occur) just weeks after another animal with similar coloring was born at a Tennessee zoo. No data suggest that a solid-brown coat is appearing more 5 (frequent) than in the past, but it's a surprising coincidence, says Sara Ferguson, a wildlife veterinarian and 6 (conserve) health coordinator at the Giraffe Conservation Foundation. The last 7 (report) all -brown giraffe sighting was in 1972, at a Tokyo zoo. Genetic mutations are the likely cause, 8 the animals don't seem to be at a disadvantage, says Derek Lee, 9 biologist at Penn State University who co-authored a 2018 study 10 found some aspects of giraffe markings are passed down from mother to calf. Are the all - brown giraffes truly spotless ? Technically, Lee says, they're " one-spot- all - over giraffes." 【答案】 1．features 2．missing 3．for 4．occurred 5．frequently 6．conservation 7．reported 8．but 9．a 10．which/that 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了最近发现了一只没有斑点的长颈鹿，并分析了其原因。 1. 考查名词。句意：我们都知道长颈鹿的特征:长长的脖子，角状的头部突起，有斑点的皮毛。空处填名词作宾语，根据“long neck, hornlike head protuberances, spotted coat. ”可知，表示长颈鹿的多个特征，用复数形式。故填features。 2. 考查非谓语。句意：最近，一只缺斑的长颈鹿首次在野外被拍到。空处为非谓语动词，A giraffe与miss为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填missing。 3. 考查介词。句意：最近，一只缺斑的长颈鹿首次在野外被拍到。固定短语：for the first time“第一次”作状语。 故填for。 4. 考查时态。句意：这一史无前例的发现发生在纳米比亚的一个私人野生动物保护区，就在几周前，田纳西州的一家动物园里出生了一只颜色相似的动物。陈述过去发生打的事情，为一般过去时。故填occurred。 5. 考查副词。句意：长颈鹿保护基金会的野生动物兽医和保护健康协调员萨拉·弗格森说，没有数据表明纯棕色皮毛比过去出现得更频繁，但这是一个令人惊讶的巧合。副词比较级more frequently作状语，修饰动词。故填frequently。 6. 考查名词。句意：长颈鹿保护基金会的野生动物兽医和保护健康协调员萨拉·弗格森说，没有数据表明纯棕色皮毛比过去出现得更频繁，但这是一个令人惊讶的巧合。名词conservation作定语。故填conservation。 7. 考查非谓语。句意：据报道，最后一次报道全棕色长颈鹿是在1972年，在东京一家动物园。all -brown giraffe sighting与report为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。 故填reported。 8. 考查连词。句意：宾夕法尼亚州立大学(Penn State University)的生物学家德里克·李(Derek Lee)说，基因突变可能是原因，但这些动物似乎并不处于劣势。他与人合著了2018年的一项研究，该研究发现长颈鹿的某些特征是由母亲遗传给幼崽的。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系，用连词but连接。故填but。 9. 考查冠词。句意：宾夕法尼亚州立大学(Penn State University)的生物学家德里克·李(Derek Lee)说，基因突变可能是原因，但这些动物似乎并不处于劣势。他与人合著了2018年的一项研究，该研究发现长颈鹿的某些特征是由母亲遗传给幼崽的。泛指“一位生物学家”，用不定冠词修饰且biologist首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：宾夕法尼亚州立大学(Penn State University)的生物学家德里克·李(Derek Lee)说，基因突变可能是原因，但这些动物似乎并不处于劣势。他与人合著了2018年的一项研究，该研究发现长颈鹿的某些特征是由母亲遗传给幼崽的。先行词为a 2018 study，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为which或者that。 故填which/that。 Passage 2 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Around the world, 10% of deaths 1 (cause) by stroke (中风). Dementia (痴呆) can appear after a stroke. The good news is that there is 2 close bond between the cup of coffee or tea you reach for in the morning and a lower risk of stroke and dementia. The most recent study 3 (do) by Tianjin Medical University found that among more than 360,000 participants studied over a period of 10 to 14 years, those 4 drank 2 to 3 cups of coffee, 3 to 5 cups of tea or a mixture of 4 to 6 cups of coffee or tea a day had the 5 (low) potential for developing stroke and dementia. However, there exist limitations of the 6 (accurate) of the study, because the participants reported their own tea and coffee drinking and their estimates could be influenced by their own preference. Researchers note that though the findings may point to some benefits of 7 (have) coffee or tea, that doesn’t necessarily mean drinking more 8 (be) good. People estimate a cup’s worth of coffee or tea 9 (different), so we should keep 10 in mind that most things are best consumed in moderation. 【答案】 1. are caused 2. a 3. done 4. who 5. lowest 6. accuracy 7. having 8. is 9. differently 10. it 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，早上喝一杯咖啡或茶与降低中风和痴呆风险之间存在密切联系。同时，尽管研究结果可能指出了喝咖啡或茶的一些好处，但这并不一定意味着喝得多就好。 1. 考查时态语态。句意：在世界各地，10%的死亡是由中风引起的。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为10% of deaths，谓语用复数。故填are caused。 2. 考查冠词。句意：好消息是，早上喝一杯咖啡或茶与降低中风和痴呆风险之间存在密切联系。表示“密切联系”短语为a close bond，故填a。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：天津医科大学最近进行的一项研究发现，在10至14年的时间里，对36万多名参与者进行了研究，那些每天喝2至3杯咖啡、3至5杯茶或每天喝4至6杯咖啡或茶的混合物的人患中风和痴呆的可能性最低。分析句子结构可知study与do构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填done。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：天津医科大学最近进行的一项研究发现，在10至14年的时间里，对36万多名参与者进行了研究，那些每天喝2至3杯咖啡、3至5杯茶或每天喝4至6杯咖啡或茶的混合物的人患中风和痴呆的可能性最低。定语从句修饰先行词who，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 5. 考查最高级。句意：天津医科大学最近进行的一项研究发现，在10至14年的时间里，对36万多名参与者进行了研究，那些每天喝2至3杯咖啡、3至5杯茶或每天喝4至6杯咖啡或茶的混合物的人患中风和痴呆的可能性最低。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最低”可知应用最高级lowest。故填lowest。 6. 考查名词。句意：然而，研究的准确性存在局限性，因为参与者报告了他们自己的茶和咖啡饮用量，他们的估计可能受到他们自己的偏好的影响。作介词的宾语，应用名词accuracy，此处为特指这项研究的准确性应用单数。故填accuracy。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员指出，尽管研究结果可能指出了喝咖啡或茶的一些好处，但这并不一定意味着喝得多就好。作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填having。 8. 考查主谓一致。句意：研究人员指出，尽管研究结果可能指出了喝咖啡或茶的一些好处，但这并不一定意味着喝得多就好。根据上文doesn’t可知为一般现在时，主语为drinking，谓语用单数。故填is。 9. 考查副词。句意：人们对一杯咖啡或茶的价值估计不同，所以我们应该记住，大多数东西最好是适量饮用。修饰动词estimate应用副词differently，作状语。故填differently。 10. 考查it。句意：人们对一杯咖啡或茶的价值估计不同，所以我们应该记住，大多数东西最好是适量饮用。结合句意表示“记住……”可知为keep it in mind that…，it作形式宾语。故填it。 Passage 3 （22-23高二下·甘肃庆阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Three pandas at Japan’s Wakayama park return to China SHIRAHAMA, Japan - Eimei, a giant panda 1 has lived in Japan for 28 years, left western Japan’s Wakayama park along with his twin 2 (daughter) to fly back to China on Wednesday morning. 3 30-year-old male panda, along with his eight-year-old Japan-born twin daughters Ouhin 4 Touhin, has left their current home at the Adventure World, a theme park in the town of Shirahama in Wakayama prefecture. Later in the day, the three giant pandas were scheduled 5 (take) a flight from the Kansai International Airport to a facility in southwest China’s Sichuan province. Prior to their departure, a farewell ceremony 6 (hold) at the park on Tuesday, where about 2,000 visitors 7 (say) goodbye to the three pandas. Eimei, or Yong Ming in Chinese, is a 30-year-old male panda and the 8 (old) giant panda living in Japan. 9 (come) from China in 1994, it is the father of 16 giant panda cubs born at the Adventure World, setting the world record for being the oldest giant panda to have 10 (successful) fed in captivity. 【答案】 1. that/which 2. daughters 3. The 4. and 5. to take 6. was held 7. said 8. oldest 9. Coming 10. successfully 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了在日本生活了28年的大熊猫“艾美”周三上午带着他的双胞胎女儿离开了日本西部的和歌山公园，飞回中国。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：日本，白滨——在日本生活了28年的大熊猫“艾美”周三上午带着他的双胞胎女儿离开了日本西部的和歌山公园，飞回中国。定语从句修饰先行词a giant panda，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 2. 考查名词的数。句意：日本，白滨——在日本生活了28年的大熊猫“艾美”周三上午带着他的双胞胎女儿离开了日本西部的和歌山公园，飞回中国。根据twin可知应用复数形式。故填daughters。 3. 考查冠词。句意：这只30岁的雄性熊猫和它在日本出生的8岁双胞胎女儿Ouhin和Touhin已经离开了位于和歌山县白滨镇的主题公园冒险世界的家。panda此处特指上文提到的Eimei应用定冠词the，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。 4. 考查连词。句意：这只30岁的雄性熊猫和它在日本出生的8岁双胞胎女儿Ouhin和Touhin已经离开了位于和歌山县白滨镇的主题公园冒险世界的家。此处Ouhin和Touhin为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当天晚些时候，这三只大熊猫计划从关西国际机场乘飞机前往中国西南部四川省的一个设施。表示“计划做某事”可知短语为be scheduled to do sth.。故填to take。 6. 考查时态语态。句意：在他们离开之前，周二在公园举行了告别仪式，大约2000名游客向三只熊猫道别。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文on Tuesday可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为a farewell ceremony，谓语用单数。故填was held。 7. 考查时态。句意：在他们离开之前，周二在公园举行了告别仪式，大约2000名游客向三只熊猫道别。根据上文on Tuesday可知为一般过去时。故填said。 8. 考查最高级。句意：艾美，中文名永明，是一只30岁的雄性大熊猫，也是日本最年长的大熊猫。根据句意“最年长的”可知应用最高级oldest。故填oldest。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它于1994年从中国来到“冒险世界”，是在“冒险世界”出生的16只大熊猫幼崽的父亲，创下了圈养成功喂养年龄最大的大熊猫的世界纪录。分析句子结构可知come与逻辑主语it构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Coming。 10. 考查副词。句意：它于1994年从中国来到“冒险世界”，是在“冒险世界”出生的16只大熊猫幼崽的父亲，创下了圈养成功喂养年龄最大的大熊猫的世界纪录。修饰fed应用副词successfully，故填successfully。 Passage 4 （22-23高二下·河南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Are there plenty of birds in your neighborhood? This is good news for your mental health because birdsong can help reduce 1 (anxious). This is the latest finding of a study, 2 was published in the Nature Porifolio journal, Scientific Reports, explaining the 3 (remark) healing power of birdsong. Meanwhile, another recent study on the impact of birdsong, 4 (base) on real time feedback via APP, also points to a sustained improvement in mental well-being. Since COVID-19 5 (break) out in December 2019,the increased pressure and depression that people experienced has been well documented, for instance, in this World Health Organization overview. In 6 effort to understand the influence of birdsong on mental health, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin, joined scientists from the University of Hamburg-Eppendorf to evaluate how birdsong and, by contrast, man-made traffic noise affect mood and cognitive functioning. They did this in an online experiment 7 (involve) 295 healthy people. These participants heard either six minutes of traffic noise, 8 birdsong, completing questionnaires before and after hearing the sounds. 9 (important), the study authors emphasize that healthy people can also feel anxious and experience temporary depression. They believe that the questionnaire helped identify these 10 (tendency) in healthy participants though they are not diagnosed with mental health issues. 【答案】 1. anxiety 2. which 3. remarkable 4. based 5. broke 6. an 7. involving 8. or 9. Importantly 10. tendencies 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究的最新发现鸟鸣具有非凡的治愈能力，文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现。 1. 考查名词。句意：这对你的心理健康来说是一个好消息，因为鸟鸣可以帮助减少焦虑。作宾语，应用名词anxiety，不可数。故填anxiety。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：这是一项研究的最新发现，发表在《自然Porifolio》杂志《科学报告》上，解释了鸟鸣的非凡治愈能力。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词study，从句缺少主语，指物，故填which。 3. 考查形容词。句意：这是一项研究的最新发现，发表在《自然Porifolio》杂志《科学报告》上，解释了鸟鸣的非凡治愈能力。修饰后文名词短语healing power应用形容词remarkable，作定语。故填remarkable。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，最近另一项基于应用程序实时反馈的关于鸟鸣影响的研究也表明，心理健康得到了持续改善。短语be based on表示“基于”，此处省略be动词，过去分词作定语。故填based。 5. 考查时态。句意：自2019年12月COVID-19爆发以来，人们所经历的压力和抑郁的增加已经有了充分的记录，例如，在世界卫生组织的这份概览中。根据后文in December 2019可知为一般过去时。故填broke。 6. 考查冠词。句意：为了了解鸟鸣声对心理健康的影响，柏林马克斯·普朗克人类发展研究所的研究人员与汉堡-埃本多夫大学的科学家一起评估了鸟鸣声和人造交通噪音是如何影响情绪和认知功能的。结合句意表示“为了……”可知短语为in an effort to do sth.。故填an。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在一项涉及295名健康人群的在线实验中这样做了。分析句子结构可involve与逻辑主语experiment构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填involving。 8. 考查固定句型。句意：这些参与者听到了要么六分钟的交通噪音或鸟鸣声，并在听到这些声音之前和之后完成了调查问卷。表示“要么……要么……”句型为either…or…。故填or。 9. 考查副词。句意：重要的是，研究作者强调，健康的人也会感到焦虑，并经历短暂的抑郁。修饰后文句子应用副词importantly，作状语，句首单词首字母要。故填Importantly。 10. 考查名词的数。句意：他们认为，尽管健康参与者没有被诊断出心理健康问题，但问卷帮助他们确定了这些倾向。tendency为可数名词，由these修饰应用复数形式。故填tendencies。 Passage 5 （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 CHINA DAILY Oct. 20, 2022 Two giant pandas arrived in Doha, 1 capital of Qatar, on Wednesday, on a plane from China to fulfill a cooperation 2 (agree) on giant panda conservation and research between the two nations. They 3 (expect) to stay in Qatar for 15 years under the agreement. According to the CCRC for the Giant Panda in Sichuan province, the two pandas—3-year-old female Si Hai and 4-year-old male Jing Jing—left the research center’s Ya’an base in Chengdu, Sichuan, 4 Qatar on Tuesday. Mohamed, Qatar’s ambassador to China, said via video link during the farewell ceremony in Chengdu for the giant pandas that he appreciated the bilateral relations between Qatar and China, adding that the gift shows 5 deeply the relations have developed. The ambassador said that the event was a milestone in cultural diplomacy, 6 (bring) the two sides’ relations to a 7 (high) level and a wider field. He also invited guests at the ceremony to visit Qatar and watch the 2022 Qatar World Cup, 8 (hold) on Nov. 20 in Doha. “ 9 is the first time that giant pandas have traveled to the Middle East,” the center said, adding that breeders and vet experts were sent to help the giant pandas adapt to the new environment. So far, the number of captive giant pandas worldwide 10 (increase) to 673, according to the center. 【答案】 1. the 2. agreement 3. are expected 4. for 5. how 6. bringing 7. higher 8. to be held 9. It 10. has increased/has been increased 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了两只大熊猫从中国乘飞机抵达卡塔尔首都多哈，履行两国在大熊猫保护和研究方面的合作协议。根据协议，它们预计将在卡塔尔停留15年。 1. 考查定冠词。句意：两只大熊猫从中国乘坐飞机抵达卡塔尔首都多哈，履行两国在大熊猫保护和研究方面的合作协议。分析句子可知，空处特指卡塔尔首都多哈，应使用定冠词修饰。故填the。 2. 考查名词。句意：两只大熊猫从中国乘坐飞机抵达卡塔尔首都多哈，履行两国在大熊猫保护和研究方面的合作协议。此处需使用名词作动词fulfill的宾语，且不定冠词后接名词单数形式。故填agreement。 3. 考查被动语态。句意：根据协议，它们将在卡塔尔停留15年。分析句子可知，句中主语they指代前文中two giant pandas（两只大熊猫），由此判断，主语they和动词expect之间是逻辑上的被动关系，且此处陈述一般事实，因此需使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are expected。 4. 考查介词。句意：据四川省大熊猫保护中心称，两只大熊猫——3岁的雌性大熊猫思海和4岁的雄性大熊猫晶晶于周二离开了四川成都雅安研究中心的基地，前往卡塔尔。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语leave ...for ...，意为“离开……前往……”。故填for。 5. 考查连词。句意：卡塔尔驻华大使穆罕默德在成都举行的大熊猫告别仪式上通过视频连线表示，他赞赏卡塔尔和中国的双边关系，并补充说，这份礼物显示了两国关系的深入发展。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作状语修饰副词deeply表示“多么，非常”，应用how。故填how。 6. 考查非谓语。句意：大使表示，此次活动是文化外交的一个里程碑，将双方关系提升到一个更高的水平和更广泛的领域。分析句子可知，句中谓语为was，因此bring要使用非谓语形式，且句中主语the event与bring之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词。故填bringing。 7. 考查形容词比较级。句意：大使表示，此次活动是文化外交的一个里程碑，将双方关系提升到一个更高的水平和更广泛的领域。分析句子可知，连词and后wider是比较级，因此high也应使用其比较级形式。故填higher。 8. 考查非谓语。句意：他还邀请出席仪式的嘉宾访问卡塔尔，并观看将于11月20日在多哈举行的2022年卡塔尔世界杯。文章首句提到“CHINA DAILY Oct. 20, 2022”（中国日报10月20日报道），而卡塔尔世界杯于11月进行，因此需使用不定式表将来，且2022 Qatar World Cup与hold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需使用被动语态。故填to be held。 9. 考查代词。句意：这是大熊猫第一次来到中东。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型it is the first time that ...，意为“这是第一次做......”，it在句中作形式主语。故填It。 10. 考查动词时态。句意：据该中心称，到目前为止，全球圈养大熊猫的数量已增加到673只。根据so far可知，句中谓语动词应使用现在完成时，主语为the number of（……的数量），因此谓语动词应使用三单形式。increase可作及物动词意为“使……增加”，也可作不及物动词意为“增加”，因此本句可用主动语态，也可用被动语态。故填has increased或has been increased。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （22-23高二下·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, videos 1 (show) bees in a plastic box drop from the air the moment lights are turned off have circulated (流传) on the Internet. Most people take 2 for granted that for those bees dropping is more dangerous than keeping flying. However, it's not true.    One theory could link to how bees use the sun's position to guide their way back, so once the sun sets, they immediately stop moving.   3 theory suggests it is a prey (猎物) response, 4 shade from a large predator (捕食者) above them resulting in bees dropping from the air and falling to the ground, where they would have less chance of being spotted.     Either way, such strange behavior of bees is 5 (fascinate) to look at. Some bees have adapted to flying at night, 6 (possible) as there is less competition from other 7 (insect). However, 8 bees can see in the dark depends on how “night” and “dark” 9 (understand), as some animals can see at night because they have eyes 10 (accustom) to low lighting, while dark can mean a total absence of light. 【答案】 1. showing 2. it 3. Another 4. with 5. fascinating 6. possibly 7. insects 8. whether 9. are understood 10. accustomed 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蜜蜂会在黑暗中突然坠落的原因。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，互联网上流传着一段视频，视频显示，关灯的那一刻，塑料盒子里的蜜蜂从空中掉了下来。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的名词。该动词和修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填showing。 2. 考查形式宾语。句意：大多数人想当然地认为，对于那些蜜蜂来说，降落比继续飞行更危险。固定句型take it for granted that...“认为...是理所当然的”。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。故填it。 3. 考查代词。句意：另一种理论认为，这是猎物的反应，因为它们上方有大型捕食者的遮蔽，导致蜜蜂从空中掉到地上，在那里它们被发现的机会较小。根据前面的one theory可知，空处需要another“另一个”。one...another...“一个...另外一个...”。故填Another。 4. 考查介词。句意：另一种理论认为，这是猎物的反应，因为它们上方有大型捕食者的遮蔽，导致蜜蜂从空中掉到地上，在那里它们被发现的机会较小。分析句子结构可知，空处需要with构成“with +名词+介词短语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。故填with。 5. 考查形容词。句意：不管怎样，蜜蜂这种奇怪的行为都很吸引人。一些蜜蜂已经适应了夜间飞行，可能是因为与其他昆虫的竞争较少。空处需要形容词作表语。fascinate为动词，其形容词形式为fascinating“迷人的”。故填fascinating。 6. 考查副词。句意：不管怎样，蜜蜂这种奇怪的行为都很吸引人。一些蜜蜂已经适应了夜间飞行，可能是因为与其他昆虫的竞争较少。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的句子，所以需要副词。故填possibly。 7. 考查可数名词复数形式。句意：不管怎样，蜜蜂这种奇怪的行为都很吸引人。一些蜜蜂已经适应了夜间飞行，可能是因为与其他昆虫的竞争较少。根据空前的other可知，空处需要该名词的复数形式，表示“其它的一些昆虫”。故填insects。 8. 考查主语从句。句意：然而，蜜蜂是否能在黑暗中看到取决于如何理解“夜晚”和“黑暗”，因为一些动物在夜间能看到，因为它们的眼睛习惯于低光，而黑暗可能意味着完全没有光。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句。主语从句中句子成分完整，但是根据语境可知，缺少“是否”的意思，所以用whether引导主语从句。故填whether。 9. 考查时态语态。句意：然而，蜜蜂是否能在黑暗中看到取决于如何理解“夜晚”和“黑暗”，因为一些动物在夜间能看到，因为它们的眼睛习惯于低光，而黑暗可能意味着完全没有光。分析句子结构可知，空处为从句中的谓语动词。句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时态。该动词和主语之间为动宾关系。所以该句子为一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为““night” and “dark””，谓语用复数。故填are understood。 10. 考查形容词。句意：然而，蜜蜂是否能在黑暗中看到取决于如何理解“夜晚”和“黑暗”，因为一些动物在夜间能看到，因为它们的眼睛习惯于低光，而黑暗可能意味着完全没有光。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该用形容词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词eyes，且意义为“习惯的”，所以应该用形容词accustomed。故填accustomed。 Passage 7 （22-23高二下·山东滨州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Giant panda Ya Ya returned home to Beijing Zoo early on Monday after spending 20 years in the United States. In 2003, Ya Ya and male giant panda Le Le, traveled to Memphis Zoo in the US state of Tennesse 1 part of a China-US giant panda protection and research program. In 2006, Ya Ya began to shed her fur, a condition that 2 (worse)in 2014. Experts at Memphis Zoo and in China tried various treatments, but were 3 (able)to solve the problem. Then Memphis Zoo announced that it would return the pandas. However, in February, Le Le passed away due to heart disease. On April 8, the zoo hosted a farewell party for Ya Ya, with hundreds of people 4 (attend)the event. On April 27,giant panda Ya Ya arrived in Shanghai and was then quarantined（检疫） for a month 5 delivered to Beijing. During the quarantine period, 6 (experience) keepers and veterinarians provided round-the-clock care for Ya Ya due to her old age and changed living environment. Shanghai Zoo offered support 7 (ensure) her safety and health. Beijing Zoo has prepared 8 special feeding place for Ya Ya as well as tailor-made feeding, 9 (measure),care, medical support and nutrition plans. Besides, Beijing Zoo received a special delivery of fresh bamboo from Chengdu, Sichuan province, which 10 (airlift) to make sure that each panda at the zoo could have fresh food. 【答案】 1. as 2. worsened 3. unable 4. attending 5. before 6. experienced 7. to ensure 8. a 9. measures 10. was airlifted 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要进述了在美国生活了20年的雌性大熊猫丫丫在全国人民的关注下已经启动回国之旅。 1. 考查介词。句意：2003年，作为中美大熊猫保护和研究项目的一部分，丫丫和雄性大熊猫乐乐来到了美国田纳西州的孟菲斯动物园。as表示作为，作为中美大熊猫保护和研究项目的一部分，故填as。 2. 考查动词时态。句意：2006年，丫丫开始掉毛，2014年情况进一步恶化。that引导定语从句，后面缺少谓语，情况恶化，根据in 2014可知用一般过去时，故填worsened。 3. 考查形容词。句意：2孟菲斯动物园和中国的专家尝试了各种治疗方法，但都无法解决这个问题。根据“but”可知，前后是转折关系，不能解决问题，be动词后用形容词，故填unable。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：4月8日，动物园为丫丫举办了一场告别派对，有数百人参加了这次活动。with+宾语+宾补，人们和出席是主动关系，用现在分词，故填attending。 5. 考查连接词。句意：4月27日，大熊猫“丫丫”抵达上海，然后被隔离一个月，然后被送到北京。表示在送往北京前被隔离，用before，故填before。 6. 考查形容词。句意：在隔离期间，由于丫丫的年龄和生活环境的变化，有经验丰富的饲养员和兽医为它提供24小时的照顾。形容词修饰名词，作定语，故填experienced。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海动物园提供了支持，以确保她的安全和健康。offer是谓语动词，ensure是非谓语动词，表示目的用动词不定式，故填to ensure。 8. 考查冠词。句意：北京动物园为丫丫准备了一个专门的喂食场所，并为丫丫量身定做了喂食,措施、护理、医疗支持和营养计划。根据“special feeding place ”可知，这是单数名词，表示一个用冠词a,故填a。 9. 考查名词。句意：北京动物园为丫丫准备了专门的喂食场所，并为丫丫量身定做了喂食,措施、护理、医疗支持和营养计划。根据“and nutrition plans”可知，这里并列名词，措施是可数名词，用复数形式，故填measures。 10. 考查动词时态语态。句意：此外，北京动物园还收到了来自四川成都的新鲜竹子，这些竹子是空运来的，以确保动物园的每只熊猫都能吃到新鲜的食物。which指代bamboo引导定语从句，作主语，后面缺少谓语动词，竹子和空运是被动关系，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，故填was airlifted。 Passage 8 （23-24高二下·云南曲靖·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After more than a century of debate, researchers have settled the puzzle of a tiny, mysterious reptile that left an 1 (impress) on Scottish sandstone nearly a quarter of a billion years ago. The 20cm-long creature, Scleromochlus tay- lori(泰勒斯克列罗龙), 2 (discover) in Moray in the early 1900s, but all that remained from a 3 (hand) of specimens(标本) were the natural moulds(模子) 4 (create) in the rock when the fossilized bones dissolved away. However, where the creature sat in the tree of life proved a tougher puzzle to crack (破解 ). Some experts claimed the reptile was a close relative of the dinosaurs, but others argued it was a forerunner of the pterosaurs — the 5 (one) animals with bones to take to the skies. In the hope of finally 6 (resolve) the mystery, researchers turned 7 CT scans. The images revealed the creature in unprecedented detail, allowing scientists to reconstruct the entire skeleton and find its proper place in evolutionary history. Writing in Nature, the researchers describe new features of the animal, such as the shape of the upper jaw and thigh bones, 8 are more closely related to pterosaurs than dinosaurs.“We have this image of giant pterosaurs as big as a plane, but the very early ones were no 9 (big)than a coffee table,” Foffa said. “They were much closer to the size of Scleromochlus.” The research may end the debate over Sclero-mochlus, but scientists are still 10 (definite) unclear how small, ground-based reptiles evolved into soaring pterosaurs, 10 to 15 million years later. 【答案】 1. impression 2. was discovered 3. handful 4. created 5. first 6. resolving 7. to 8. which 9. bigger 10. definitely 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍通过化石发现的新物种——泰勒斯克列罗龙。 1. 考查名词。句意：经过一个多世纪的争论，研究人员已经解决了一种微小而神秘的爬行动物的难题，这种爬行动物在近25亿年前给苏格兰砂岩留下了深刻的印记。分析分析句子可知，此空应填可数名词单数作宾语，impression，表“压痕，印记”，符合句意。故填impression。 2. 考查时态语态。句意：20世纪初，在马里发现了20厘米长的生物泰勒斯克列罗龙，但少数标本中剩下的只是化石骨骼溶解时在岩石中形成的天然模子。此空考查谓语动词，主语The 20cm-long creature与discover为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里时态应与后文保持一致用一般过去时。故填was discovered。 3. 考查固定搭配。句意：20世纪初，在马里发现了20厘米长的生物泰勒斯克列罗龙，但少数标本中剩下的只是化石骨骼溶解时在岩石中形成的天然模子。分析句子可知，这里考查a handful of，表“少数”，为固定搭配。故填handful。 4. 考查非谓语。句意：20世纪初，在马里发现了20厘米长的生物泰勒斯克列罗龙，但少数标本中剩下的只是化石骨骼溶解时在岩石中形成的天然模子。这里考查非谓语，the natural moulds与create为被动关系，再由句意可知，此空应用过去分词作定语。故填created。 5. 考查序数词。句意：一些专家声称这种爬行动物是恐龙的近亲，但其他人则认为它是翼龙的先驱，翼龙是第一种拥有骨头飞向天空的动物。由句意可知，这里表示“第一种”，所以应用序数词作定语，修饰后面名词。故填first。 6. 考查非谓语。句意：为了最终解开这个谜团，研究人员转向了CT扫描。介词of后应用动名词作宾语。故填resolving。 7. 考查介词。句意：为了最终解开这个谜团，研究人员转向了CT扫描。这里考查turn to，表“求助于”，为固定搭配。故填to。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：在《自然》杂志上，研究人员描述了这种动物的新特征，如上颚和大腿骨的形状，这些特征与翼龙的关系比恐龙更密切。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词new features of the animal，为物，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 9. 考查形容词比较级。句意：我们有一张像飞机一样大的巨型翼龙的照片，但早期的翼龙比咖啡桌还小。由后文than可知，此空应用形容词比较级作表语。故填bigger。 10. 考查副词。句意：这项研究可能会结束关于泰勒斯克列罗龙的争论，但科学家们仍然不清楚1000万到1500万年后，小型地面爬行动物是如何进化成翱翔的翼龙的。此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面形容词。故填definitely。 Passage 9 （23-24高二下·海南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Zhou Longshan started filming birds 10 years ago at Baiyangdian Lake, a major wetland in northern China, he just 1 (aim) to record his favorite species — egrets (白鹭). Then in the following years, he became a bird-watcher, a photographer and an educator 2 popularizes bird-related information among students. “Sharing bird-protection knowledge with children can make them feel the 3 (beautiful) of their hometown and the importance of birds, and help them form the habit of protecting birds from 4 early age,” he says. Growing up beside Baiyangdian Lake, he has many fond childhood 5 (memory) associated with the wetland. “When I was a child, the water in Baiyangdian was clear. The fish and plants in the water could be seen clearly,” he says. However, between the 1960s and the 1980s, Baiyangdian suffered severely from 6 (industry) pollution. Chemicals carried by sewage (污水)poisoned the water and lake beds, 7 (kill) fish and plants. Then, efforts were made to turn the tide and restore the lake 8 its former state of health. Since the Xiong’an New Area 9 (establish), Baiyangdian’s protection activities have improved greatly. These days, Zhou’s schedule is growing busier. He is sometimes invited to local schools to give lectures, keeping students 10 (inform) about birds and how to protect them. 【答案】 1. aimed 2. who/that 3. beauty 4. an 5. memories 6. industrial 7. killing 8. to 9. was established 10. informed 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍一位村民周龙山在华北湿地致力于鸟类保护的故事。 1. 考查一般过去时。句意：10年前，当周龙山开始在中国北方的主要湿地白洋淀拍摄鸟类时，他只是想记录他最喜欢的物种——白鹭。根据时间状语10 years ago可知句子使用一般过去时，故填aimed。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：在接下来的几年里，他成为了一名观鸟者、摄影师和向学生普及鸟类相关信息的教育者。空处引导定语从句，先行词是educator，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导，故填who/that。 3. 考查名词。句意：“与孩子们分享保护鸟类的知识，可以让他们感受到家乡的美丽和鸟类的重要性，帮助他们从小养成保护鸟类的习惯，”他说。空处应填名词作宾语，beauty为不可数名词，故填beauty。 4. 考查冠词。句意：同上。age用作可数名词，此处表示泛指，使用不定冠词，且early是以元音音素开头，故填an。 5. 考查名词复数。句意：在白洋淀边长大的他，有着许多与这片湿地有关的美好童年回忆。由many可知应用名词复数作宾语，故填memories。 6. 考查形容词。句意：然而，在20世纪60年代到80年代之间，白洋淀遭受了严重的工业污染。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词pollution，故填industrial。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：污水携带的化学物质污染了水和湖床，杀死了鱼类和植物。kill和前面的句子之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填killing。 8. 考查介词。句意：然后，人们努力扭转局势，使湖泊恢复到原来的健康状态。restore sth to…“使复原，恢复到”，故填to。 9. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：雄安新区成立以来，白洋淀的保护工作有了很大改善。since引导的时间状语从句使用一般过去时，且主语the Xiong’an New Area和动词establish之间是被动关系，故填was established。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他有时被邀请到当地的学校讲课，让学生了解鸟类以及如何保护它们。inform和宾语students之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作宾补，故填informed。 Passage 10 （23-24高二下·广东深圳·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Not long ago, my daughter's shoes 1 (damage) with a knife. She burst into tears. I took them to the shoemaker's. The man said he would add more scratches on both shoes as if the openings were made on purpose for a special style. I didn't fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later I dropped by from work 2 (collect) the shoes. I found more scratches on each shoe, but all the openings were patched by red leather and the stitches were twisted. The appearance looked 3 ( interesting) than ever. The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 4 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 5 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 6 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. Crying is a natural response to emotions. Regardless of 7 causes the tears to flow, the physical reaction is usually the same with puffy cheeks and tight eyes 8 (lead) to streaming tears down one's face. Despite its stigma(污名), crying can be an act 9 relieves tension and clears feelings of negativity and sadness. Crying can communicate our emotions to others and foster greater understanding and compassion. Ultimately, crying is a powerful tool we ought to use to free ourselves 10 negativity. 【答案】 1. were damaged 2. to collect 3. more interesting 4. competition 5. have identified 6. prevents 7. what 8. leading 9. that/which 10. from 【导语】这是一篇由三个不同的主题构成的文章，第一段主要讲述女儿的鞋子被刀划破后，修鞋匠在鞋子上增加了更多的划痕，使鞋子看起来更漂亮；第二段主要介绍了非洲企鹅数量下降的原因；第三段主要介绍了哭泣的作用。 1. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：不久前，我女儿的鞋子被刀弄坏了。根据“Not long ago”可知是描述过去发生的事情，主语shoes和动词damage之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表达复数意义，故填were damaged。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：两天后，我下班过来取鞋。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to collect。 3. 考查形容词比较级。句意：外观比以往任何时候都有趣。looked后用形容词，根据“than ever”可知应用形容词比较级，故填more interesting。 4. 考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。空处应填名词作宾语，competition“竞争”为不可数名词，故填competition。 5. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。根据时间状语recently可知句子使用现在完成时，主语scientists表示复数意义，故填have identified。 6. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：同上。and连接两个并列的定语从句，修饰代词one，结合is及句意可知句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，that指代先行词one表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故填prevents。 7. 考查宾语从句。句意：不管什么原因导致眼泪流出来，身体上的反应通常都是一样的，面颊浮肿，眼睛紧绷，导致眼泪从脸上流下来。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，lead和宾语puffy cheeks and tight eyes之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作宾补，故填leading。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：尽管哭泣有污名，但它可以是一种缓解紧张、清除消极和悲伤情绪的行为。空处引导定语从句，先行词是act，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which，故填that/which。 10. 考查介词。句意：最终，哭泣是一种强大的工具，我们应该用它来摆脱消极情绪。free oneself from…“摆脱，从……中解脱出来”，故填from。 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （23-24高二下·四川成都·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The golden snub-nosed monkey is 1 unique species found only in the mountainous forests of central and southwestern China. These monkeys get their common names from their golden-orange fur and snub noses. The golden snub-nosed monkey is a large primate (灵长类动物), with males 2 (weigh) up to 25 kilos and females around 15 kilos. They have a thick coat of fur that helps them adapt 3 the cold, mountainous environment. Their diet 4 (consist) mainly of leaves, flowers and fruits. The monkey is also known for its playful nature,  often 5 (see) swinging from branches and playing with each other. Unfortunately, the golden snub-nosed monkey is facing numerous threats to its 6 (survive). Habitat loss due to deforestation and agriculture has 7 (significant) reduced the monkeys’ living space. Additionally, hunting for their fur and body parts poses a constant threat to these 8 (endanger) creatures. In recent years, conversation efforts have been made to protect the golden snub-nosed monkey and its habitat. Many protected areas have been established in their range, including nature reserves and national parks, 9 provide safe shelters for the monkeys. The golden snub-nosed monkey is not only a symbol of China's rich biodiversity, but an essential part of the ecosystem. Their conservation is, without doubt, of vital 10 (important). 【答案】 1. a 2. weighing 3. to 4. consists 5. seen 6. survival 7. significantly 8. endangered 9. which 10. importance 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了金丝猴的习性以及生存面临着许多威胁的情况。 1. 考查冠词。句意：金丝猴是一种独特的物种，只生活在中国中部和西南部的山区森林中。此处species为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：金丝猴是一种大型灵长类动物，雄性重达25公斤，雌性约15公斤。此处weigh与males构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填weighing。 3. 考查介词。句意：它们有厚厚的皮毛，帮助它们适应寒冷的山区环境。短语adapt to表示“适应”。故填to。 4. 考查时态。句意：它们的食物主要是树叶、花朵和水果。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为diet，谓语用三单形式。故填consists。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这只猴子也以其顽皮的天性而闻名，经常看到它在树枝上荡来荡去，互相玩耍。此处see与monkey构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填seen。 6. 考查名词。句意：不幸的是，金丝猴的生存面临着许多威胁。作介词的宾语，应用名词survival，不可数。故填survival。 7. 考查副词。句意：森林砍伐和农业造成的栖息地丧失大大减少了猴子的生活空间。修饰动词reduce应用副词significantly。故填significantly。 8. 考查形容词。句意：此外，捕猎它们的皮毛和身体部位对这些濒临灭绝的生物构成了持续的威胁。修饰名词creatures应用形容词endangered。故填endangered。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：在它们的活动范围内建立了许多保护区，包括自然保护区和国家公园，为猴子提供了安全的庇护所。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词areas，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 10. 考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，保护它们是至关重要的。短语be of vital importance表示“至关重要”。故填importance。 Passage 12 （23-24高二下·四川绵阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A fisherman from USA caught a very rare bright blue lobster (龙虾) off the coast of Maine and 1 (choose) to set it free back into the ocean. But the 2 (photo) of it went viral on the social media. While the shells of lobsters are generally red or brown in color, the blue shell is a result of a genetic mutation (突变), 3 causes the lobster to produce more of a particular protein than others, 4 (lead) to the rare blue color. Because blue lobsters are 5 (extreme) rare, fishermen Believe it’s a sign of good luck to catch one. Yellow, orange and crystal-colored lobsters are considered even 6 (rare) than bright blue ones. According to the lobster Institute, yellow lobsters account for about one in 30 million of the total population, while the chances of catching a crystal lobster are believed to be one in 100 million. Blue lobsters may not be the most unusual, 7 they are undoubtedly the best to look at. Many restaurants in the UK have agreed to spare the rare blue lobsters and give them a new place 8 (live). “I felt responsible. Something so rare doesn’t require a place on the menu. Every species 9 (deserve) a fair chance at survival,” Said Austin Hopley, a chef at “The Hare”, “It is 10 extraordinary finding and worth saving to try to educate the public about the amazing creatures in the ecosystem.” 【答案】 1. chose 2. photos 3. which 4. leading 5. extremely 6. rarer 7. but 8. to live 9. deserves 10. an 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了龙虾的种类，并说明蓝色龙虾最为罕见，应该受到保护。 1. 考查时态。句意：一位美国渔民在缅因州海岸捕获了一只非常罕见的亮蓝色龙虾，并选择将其放归大海。根据前文caught可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填chose。 2. 考查名词复数。句意：但它的照片在社交媒体上疯传。根据句意可知，此处指“多张照片”，名词photo应用复数。故填photos。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：龙虾的外壳通常是红色或棕色的，而蓝色的外壳是一种基因突变的结果，这种基因突变导致龙虾比其他龙虾产生更多的特定蛋白质，从而导致罕见的蓝色。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a genetic mutation，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词，动词lead和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用其现在分词，作状语，表示结果。故填leading。 5. 考查副词。句意：由于蓝龙虾极为罕见，渔民们认为抓到一只蓝龙虾是好运的象征。修此处饰形容词rare，应用副词，作状语。故填extremely。 6. 考查形容词比较级。句意：黄色、橙色和水晶色的龙虾被认为比亮蓝色的龙虾更罕见。根据后文than可知，此处用形容词比较级，作主语补足语。故填rarer。 7. 考查连词。句意：蓝龙虾可能不是最不寻常的，但它们无疑是最好看的。后文和前文之间是转折关系，应用转折连词but连接。故填but。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：英国的许多餐馆都同意放过这种稀有的蓝龙虾，给它们一个新的栖息地。名词place后常用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to live。 9. 考查时态。句意：每一个物种都应该有公平的生存机会。此处描述客观规律，应用一般现在时。主语Every species是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填deserves。 10. 考查冠词。句意：这是一个非凡的发现，值得保存下来，让公众了解生态系统中神奇的生物。名词（短语）extraordinary finding是可数名词单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，extraordinary以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 Passage 13 （2022·浙江杭州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Three million years may seem like a long time. But when you consider that planet Earth is more than 4.5 billion years old, it is a pretty short period of time. The blue whale, 1 (weigh) more than even the biggest dinosaurs, is the largest animal that has ever lived. They can grow 2 30 meters long and be as heavy as 130,000 kilograms. 3 for millions of years, they were not nearly that large, scientists say. “All of a sudden — ‘boom’— we see them get very big, ” scientist Nick Pyenson said. He and other 4 (researcher) recently published an article on whale size. “It’s like going from whales 5 size of minivans (面包车) to longer than two school buses, ” Pyenson added. The scientists believe that a change in the Earth’s climate caused whales 6 (get) so large only about 3 million years ago. This change led to food becoming more 7 (easy) available. An oncoming ice age made the ocean water cold and brought more nutrients, resulting in more food for large whales. Whales 8 were able to quickly eat a lot of food survived, and got 9 (large). Over the next three or four million years, the blue whales grew 10 times bigger than they 10 (be), the scientists say. 【答案】 1. weighing 2. to 3. But/Yet 4. researchers 5. the 6. to get 7. easily 8. that/which 9. larger 10. had been 【导语】这是一篇说明文。旨在介绍鲸鱼体积逐渐变大的原因。 1. 考查现在分词。句意：蓝鲸，体重甚至超过了最大的恐龙，是有史以来最大的动物。根据句意可知，动词weigh“重量为”与主语whales“鲸鱼”为主动关系，且此处为后置定语，故使用现在分词形式。故填weighing。 2. 考查介词。句意：它们可以长到30米长，重达13万公斤。根据句意可知，此处填介词to构成grow to，表示“长到多大多重”。故填to。 3. 考查连词。句意：但科学家们表示，数百万年来，它们都没有那么大。根据前文“They can grow to 30 meters long and be as heavy as 130,000 kilograms.（它们可以长到30米长，重达13万公斤。）”可知，前后两句指出鲸鱼重量不一样，形成了转折，故使用连词but或者yet。故填But/Yet。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：他和其他的研究人员最近就鲸鱼体型大小发表了一篇文章。根据句意可知，名词researcher“研究人员”前未出现表示单数形式的量词和冠词，故需要使用复数形式且有other修饰。故填researchers。 5. 考查冠词。句意：“鲸鱼好像从小型货车般大小变成比两辆校车还要长，Pyenson补充道。根据句意可知，空格处需要填写冠词the，构成the size of“…的大小”特指鲸鱼相当于后文提出的面包车的大小。故填the。 6. 考查不定式。句意：科学家们认为，地球气候的变化导致鲸鱼在大约300万年前变得如此庞大。根据句意可知，动词get“变成”要使用不定式形式，因为cause sb to do sth意为“导致某人做某事”符合语境。故填to get。 7. 考查副词。句意：这一变化导致食物变得更容易获得。根据句意可知，形容词easy“容易的”要使用副词形式easily，修饰后面的形容词available“可获得的”。故填easily。 8. 考查关系词。句意：能够快速吃掉大量食物的鲸鱼幸存下来，体型也变大了。根据句意可知，此处需要填写连词引导定语从句修饰先行词whales“鲨鱼”因为先行词为物，且在从句中作主语，故使用which和that皆可。故填that/which。 9. 考查形容词。句意：能够快速吃掉大量食物的鲸鱼幸存下来，体型也变大了。根据句意可知，吃得多的鲸鱼存活下来，而且前文一直探讨的是体积的变大，故此处形容词large“大的”应该使用比较级形式。故填larger。 10. 考查时态。句意：科学家们表示，在接下来的三四百万年里，蓝鲸的体型比原来大了10倍。根据句意可知，此处be“是”使用过去完成时，表示蓝鲸体积变大之前的体型，因为句中已经有一般过去时的谓语动词grew表示过去已经长了十倍；而主语they为复数，故使用had been。故填had been。 Passage 14 （22-23高二下·浙江杭州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 Christmas morning, nine-year-old Molly Sampson and her 17-year-old sister Natalie wore chest-high waterproof overalls to go shark tooth hunting like professionals. The sisters set for Maryland’s Calvert Beach with their father to put their new 2 (equip) to use. Though it was very cold, Molly was undeterred. With the tide particularly low, she 3 (walk) deep into the ocean. In less than half an hour, the fourth-grader noticed something big just beneath the surface of the water. To her delight, it was exactly 4 she was hoping to find: a megalodon (巨齿鲨) tooth. The Sampsons took Molly’s 5 (excite) find to the Calvert Marine Museum in Solomons, Maryland. There, Dr. Stephen Godfrey, the Curator of Paleontology, confirmed that the massive five-inch tooth was indeed that of a megalodon. The waters off Calvert Cliffs were once home 6 whales and dolphins that would have attracted hungry megalodons and other shark species. Sharks 7 (frequent) lose their teeth and replace them with new ones. As 8 result, the area is a treasure trove for amateur fossil hunters looking for shark teeth. While over a hundred shark teeth 9 (find) annually, few are 10 (large) than the one Molly found. 【答案】 1. On 2. equipment 3. walked 4. what 5. exciting 6. to 7. frequently 8. a 9. are found 10. larger 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在圣诞节的早上，莫莉和姐姐娜塔莉以及她们的父亲一起前往马里兰州的卡尔弗特海滩去寻找鲨鱼牙齿。在那儿，莫莉找到了一颗巨齿鲨的牙齿。 1. 考查介词。句意：圣诞节早上，9岁的莫莉·桑普森和她17岁的姐姐娜塔莉穿着齐胸高的防水工作服，像专业人士一样去寻找鲨鱼牙齿。根据句意和空格后的Christmas morning可知，具体到某一天的早上，应该用介词on。故填On。 2. 考查名词。句意：姐妹俩和父亲一起前往马里兰州的卡尔弗特海滩，准备使用她们的新设备。根据句意和所给动词equip以及句中的动词put分析句子可知，空格处应该填入equip的名词形式equipment作动词put的宾语。故填equipment。 3. 考查时态。句意：由于潮水特别低，她向大海深处走去。根据上下文的时态是一般过去时可知，该句子也应该用一般过去时。故填walked。 4. 考查连接代词。句意：令她高兴的是，这正是她所希望找到的：一颗巨齿鲨的牙齿。根据句意分析句子可知，　　　　　　　　she was hoping to find是一个表语从句，该表语从句缺少宾语，所以空格处应该填入一个连接代词引导表语从句，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what。故填what。 5. 考查形容词。句意：桑普森一家把莫莉令人兴奋的发现带到了马里兰州所罗门的卡尔弗特海洋博物馆。根据句意和所给动词excite以及空格后的名词find分析句子可知，空格处应该填入excite的形容词形式exciting作定语，修饰后面的名词find。故填exciting。 6. 考查介词。句意：卡尔弗特悬崖附近的水域曾经是鲸鱼和海豚的家园，它们会吸引饥饿的巨齿鲨和其他鲨鱼物种。根据句意和空格前的名词home分析句子可知，此处应该填入介词to和名词home搭配：be home to（是……的故乡/栖息地/发源地）。故填to。 7. 考查副词。句意：鲨鱼经常会掉牙，然后换上新的。根据句意和所给形容词frequent分析句子可知，空格处应该填入frequent的副词形式frequently作状语，修饰动词lose。故填frequently。 8. 考查冠词。句意：因此，对于寻找鲨鱼牙齿的业余化石猎人来说，这个地区是一个宝库。根据空格前的as和空格后的result可知，此处是考查固定短语as a result（因此，结果）。故填a。 9. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然每年发现的鲨鱼牙齿超过100颗，但很少有比莫莉发现的这颗更大的。根据句意和所给动词find分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，根据annually可知，该句子应该用一般现在时；主语teeth和动词find之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；主语teeth是复数形式，所以谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填are found。 10. 考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然每年发现的鲨鱼牙齿超过100颗，但很少有比莫莉发现的这颗更大的。根据句意和所给形容词large以及空格后的than可知，空格处应该填入large的比较级形式larger。故填larger。 Passage 15 （23-24高二下·浙江·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将相应答案写在答题纸上。 Bird-watching, a hobby gaining significant traction in China, draws a varied crowd of enthusiasts, from dedicated scientists to retirees 1 (look) for an engaging pastime. Its appeal lies in the fact that it offers 2 enriching experience that is mutually beneficial both to bird-watchers 3 to their avian (鸟类的) friends. Liu Yang, a professor at the School of Ecology at Sun Yat-sen University and the deputy secretary-general of the China Ornithological Society, is one of the country’s most 4 (accomplish) bird-watchers, and has a sighting list of 5 (approximate) 1,330 species. Since childhood, Liu 6 (fascinate) with studying the nests of house swifts, an interest that sparked his love for nature and biodiversity. Hence, observing and identifying all the birds he saw and keeping a record, 7 is also known as a “life list”, became his “small goal”. “Even though I have seen over 90 percent of the bird species in China, I still encounter intriguing bird behaviors and phenomena in the wild that inspire 8 (far) research,” he says. 9 , research is just one aspect of his work. “Scientific research and popular science shouldn’t be seen as separate entities (实体). Your research questions originate from nature and life, and the results should be made 10 (access) to the public,” he explains. 【答案】 1. looking 2. an 3. and 4. accomplished 5. approximately 6. has been fascinated 7. which 8. further 9. However 10. accessible 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了观鸟在中国越来越受欢迎，吸引了各种各样的爱好者，从敬业的科学家到寻找有趣消遣的退休人员。中山大学生态学院教授、中国鸟类学会副秘书长刘洋是中国最有成就的观鸟者之一，他的观察名单上有大约1330种鸟类。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：观鸟在中国越来越受欢迎，吸引了各种各样的爱好者，从敬业的科学家到寻找有趣消遣的退休人员。此处look与retirees构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填looking。 2. 考查冠词。句意：它的吸引力在于它提供了丰富的经验，对观鸟者和他们的鸟类朋友都是有益的。此处experience为泛指，且enriching是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 3. 考查连词。句意：它的吸引力在于它提供了丰富的经验，对观鸟者和他们的鸟类朋友都是有益的。短语both…and…表示“既……又……”。故填and。 4. 考查形容词。句意：中山大学生态学院教授、中国鸟类学会副秘书长刘洋是中国最有成就的观鸟者之一，他的观察名单上有大约1330种鸟类。修饰名词bird-watchers应用形容词accomplished，作定语。故填accomplished。 5. 考查副词。句意：中山大学生态学院教授、中国鸟类学会副秘书长刘洋是中国最有成就的观鸟者之一，他的观察名单上有大约1330种鸟类。修饰1,330 species应用副词approximately，故填approximately。 6. 考查时态。句意：从小，刘就着迷于研究雨燕的巢穴，这种兴趣激发了他对自然和生物多样性的热爱。短语be fascinated with表示“着迷”，根据上文Since childhood可知为现在完成时，主语为Liu，助动词用has。故填has been fascinated。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：因此，观察和识别他所看到的所有鸟类，并记录下来，也被称为“生命清单”，成为他的“小目标”。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词record，从句中作主语，指物，故填which。 8. 考查形容词比较级。句意：他说:“尽管我见过中国90%以上的鸟类，但我仍然会在野外遇到有趣的鸟类行为和现象，这激发了我进一步的研究。”修饰名词research，表示“进一步的”应用形容词比较级further。故填further。 9. 考查副词。句意：然而，研究只是他工作的一个方面。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，且有逗号，应用however，首字母大写。故填However。 10. 考查形容词。句意：“你的研究问题源于自然和生命，结果应该向公众开放，”他解释说。短语make+宾语+宾补，此处为被动形式，形容词accessible作主语补足语。故填accessible。 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$