Unit 8 A green world单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 8 A green world 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1．There is a big between my sister and me. She is tall but I am short. (different) 2．Yuan Jiang is (serious) than me. 3．The problem isn’t as (simple) as it seems. 4．There are many boys (dig) a hole by the river. 5．Children should be taught how to spend their pocket money (wise). 6．Usually some traffic accidents happen just because of driving (care). 7．Eating too many sweets is ( harm) to your teeth, kids. 8．All (live) things need water and sunshine to grow. 9．The meeting (hold) in a few minutes. 10．Paper-making is one of the （great）inventions of ancient China. 11．Scientists are doing much research to find a way （protect） the environment. 12．The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 13．A lot of plants and animals in the sea are killed by water (pollute) every year. 14．These bottles will (recycle) by the company next week. 15．Trees can help to keep the air (clean). 16．The government has (law) to protect the rights of the young. 17．The hospital doesn’t allow (smoke) because it’s harmful. 18．I hope we can have more events like this (raise) money. 19．We are going to organize a lot of (activity) during the Environment Week. 20．People can do something good for our Earth by (ride) bicycles. 21． (limit) the number of waste around is a good way to do with pollution. 22．The boss increased working hours to have a higher . ( produce ) 23．Why not find a job and end your on your parents? (depend) 24．When there is no , the radio can’t work. (powerful) 25．You’d better (dependent) on your own to solve the problems. 26．Rubbish is (separate) into different kinds in more and more communities. 27．The publishing house says this book (translate) into Italian next year. 28．Are we let (hand) in our homework tomorrow, Mr Li? 29． (nature) gas is widely used for heating and cooking in our neighbourhood. 30．Some people complain they suffer from much (pollute) all year round. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 31．Mr. Wu is a (严肃的) teacher. He often tells us to work hard. 32．My bottle is full, but my sister’s is （空的）. 33．Johnson likes to take down what happens every day in the (形式) of diary. 34．Spending too much time online is (有害的) to people’s health. 35．He got a (罚款) because of parking in a wrong place. 36．Can you give me a (简单的) example ? 37．Then the wind and water don’t carry the (土壤) away. 38．Can you tell any (不同之处) between the twin sisters? 39．Has he told you the results of those (调查)? 40．All kinds of activities can （引起）a lot of stress for children. 41．Don’t use （塑料）bottles to drink water. 42．We need （煤气）for cooking delicious meals. 43．What’s the next (步骤) in your study plan? 44．Our government has made laws to (限制) air and water pollution. 45．I know an expensive necklace will be (展示) at the party this evening. 46．My mother doesn’t （允许）me to use mobile phones. 47．The (力量) of the wind brought down a great many trees in the area. 48．It’s not good to be an (不诚实) boy． 49．There are several (种类)of swallows． 50．Canada is (丰富的) in water resources. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 51．世界各国政府都在推动停止使用塑料吸管和塑料袋以限制污染。 Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws and bags to . 52．水用光了，我们不得不去买。 The water and we had to buy it. 53．其次，我们要阻止人们砍伐树木。 Moreover, we should people down trees. 54．孩子不应该太依赖父母。 Children shouldn’t their parents too much. 55．请你不要关电视，好吗？我想看新闻。 (完成译句) Would you please not the TV? I want to watch the news. 56．如果不按时还书，你将被罚款。 You . 57．我们以我们的学校为荣。 We our school. 58．对一些人来说，闲聊是一种很普通的交流方式。 For some, small talk is a common of . 59．张老师让我们独立完成这项任务, 你最好不要依赖别人。 Miss Zhang asked us to finish this task on our own.You’d on others. 60．他们将在下周上演一出新戏剧。 A new play next week. 四、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Garbage sorting (垃圾分类) began on July 1,2019. However, I, with the other 238 families who live in my building, have been living with a similar system for years. Here, I’d like to talk about some of our 61 (experience). In October 2016, our neighborhood 62 (choose) to be part of a pilot (试点的) program for garbage sorting by the government. To help the program run well, we set 63 a volunteer team. I am one of the volunteers. Several of us, however, questioned if we could lead people in the building to change their habits. We began with the usual ways. We 64 (hand) out notices around the neighborhood. We also went door to door to tell people how to sort garbage. However, they made many mistakes. For example, many didn’t know wet rubbish meant food waste. 65 they thought it meant rubbish that was wet. Some even refused to sort their garbage. As a result, we volunteers had to do lots of sorting 66 (our). At the same time we went around explaining the rules. We kept talking to those who refused to sort their garbage. We let them know we had sorted their garbage for them. It was a matter of time and patience. We believed they would 67 (final) change their mind. Six months later we were 68 (success) in changing people’s mind. People in my building began sorting their garbage. Some even joined us 69 (help) us. I think face-to-face talks played 70 important part. They were much more useful than handing out notices. It was interesting to see what happened. I hope everyone knows garbage sorting is good for them. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 8 A green world 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1．There is a big between my sister and me. She is tall but I am short. (different) 【答案】difference 【详解】句意：我和妹妹有很大的不同。她很高，但我很矮。根据“There is a big…between my sister and me.”可知空处应填单数名词，different的名词形式为difference“差别、差异”。故填difference。 2．Yuan Jiang is (serious) than me. 【答案】more serious 【详解】句意：袁江比我更认真。serious“认真的”，由than可知，此处用比较级，serious得比较级是more serious。故填more serious。 3．The problem isn’t as (simple) as it seems. 【答案】simple 【详解】句意：这个问题不像看上去那么简单。simple是形容词，此处是作be动词的表语，as..as之间用形容词的原级。故填simple。 4．There are many boys (dig) a hole by the river. 【答案】digging 【详解】句意：有许多男孩在河边挖洞。此处的固定句型There be sb doing sth的结构，空处用现在分词形式，故填digging。 5．Children should be taught how to spend their pocket money (wise). 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意：应该教孩子们如何明智地花零花钱。此处修饰动词spend，用副词wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。 6．Usually some traffic accidents happen just because of driving (care). 【答案】carelessly 【详解】句意：通常一些交通事故的发生仅仅是因为开车不小心。care“关心”，动词/名词。根据“some traffic accidents happen”可知，交通事故的发生是因为不小心驾驶。此处应用副词carelessly“粗心地”，修饰动词driving。故填carelessly。 7．Eating too many sweets is ( harm) to your teeth, kids. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：孩子们，吃太多甜食对牙齿有害。 根据“Eating too many sweets is...to your teeth, kids.”可知，设空处位于系动词is后面作表语，应填入一个形容词形式，harmful“有害的”，形容词作表语，be harmful to意为“对……有害”，故填harmful。 8．All (live) things need water and sunshine to grow. 【答案】living 【详解】句意：一切生物都需要水和阳光来生长。根据“things”可知，此处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词things。所给词live的形容词为living“活着的”。living things“生物”。故填living。 9．The meeting (hold) in a few minutes. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：会议几分钟后就要开始了。主语“The meeting”与动词hold之间是动宾关系，结合“in a few minutes”可知用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，hold的过去分词形式为held。故填will be held。 10．Paper-making is one of the （great）inventions of ancient China. 【答案】greatest 【详解】句意：造纸术是中国古代最伟大的发明之一。根据“one of the+最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”可知，此处需要用形容词最高级，greatest符合句意，故填greatest。 11．Scientists are doing much research to find a way （protect） the environment. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：科学家们正在做研究，来找到一种方式保护环境。a way to do sth“做某事的方式”，不定式作定语。故填to protect。 12．The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 【答案】filled 【详解】句意：这个房间充满了花香。主语“The room”和动词“fill”是被动关系，因此需用被动语态“be done”，动词需变为过去分词“filled”，“be filled with”表示“充满……”。故填filled。 13．A lot of plants and animals in the sea are killed by water (pollute) every year. 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：每年都会有许多海洋植物和动物被水污染杀害。提示词“pollute”意为“污染”，是动词，这里应该填名词形式pollution，为不可数名词，water pollution意为“水污染”，是固定搭配，故填pollution。 14．These bottles will (recycle) by the company next week. 【答案】be recycled 【详解】句意：下周这些瓶子将被这家公司回收利用。分析句子可知，主语“These bottles”与动词“recycle”之间是被动语态，此处需用一般将来时的被动语态(will be+过去分词)。recycled是recycle的过去分词。故填be recycled。 15．Trees can help to keep the air (clean). 【答案】clean 【详解】句意：树木可以帮助保持空气干净。keep sth+形容词”表示“保持某物……”，clean“干净的”，形容词作宾补。故填clean。 16．The government has (law) to protect the rights of the young. 【答案】laws 【详解】句意：政府有保护年轻人权利的法律。空格前面没有冠词且“law”是可数名词，故空格处要填law的复数laws。故填laws。 17．The hospital doesn’t allow (smoke) because it’s harmful. 【答案】smoking 【详解】句意：医院不允许吸烟，因为吸烟有害。allow doing sth“允许做某事”，为固定短语。故填smoking。 18．I hope we can have more events like this (raise) money. 【答案】to raise 【详解】句意：我希望我们能举办更多这样的活动来筹集资金。raise“筹集”，分析句子可知，“have more events like this”的目的是“raise money”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to raise。 19．We are going to organize a lot of (activity) during the Environment Week. 【答案】activities 【详解】 句意：我们将在环境周期间组织许多活动。a lot of后跟可数名词复数，activity意为“活动”，可数名词，其复数为activities。故填activities。 20．People can do something good for our Earth by (ride) bicycles. 【答案】riding 【详解】句意：人们可以通过骑自行车为我们的地球做一些好事。ride“骑”，动词；根据“by”是介词可知，后应用动名词；by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”。故填riding。 21． (limit) the number of waste around is a good way to do with pollution. 【答案】Limiting 【详解】句意：限制周围废物的数量是处理污染的好方法。此空在句中作主语，应填动名词，故填Limiting。 22．The boss increased working hours to have a higher . ( produce ) 【答案】production 【详解】句意：老板延长了工作时间以提高产量。produce“生产”，是动词，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，production“产量”，是名词，故填production。 23．Why not find a job and end your on your parents? (depend) 【答案】dependence 【详解】句意：为什么不找一份工作并且结束对你父母的依赖呢？根据“your”可知此处应填名词，depend“依赖”，动词，其名词dependence“依赖”符合语境，此处作不可数名词，故填dependence。 24．When there is no , the radio can’t work. (powerful) 【答案】power 【详解】句意：当没有电源时，收音机就不能工作。根据空前形容词no可知，此空应填名词，powerful意为“强有力的”，形容词，其名词为power，意为“能量”，不可数名词。故填power。 25．You’d better (dependent) on your own to solve the problems. 【答案】depend 【详解】句意：你最好依靠自己来解决这些问题。根据“You’d better”和所给词汇可知，考查“had better do sth.”“最好做某事”，空处应填动词原形，“dependent”“依靠的”，形容词，其动词形式为“depend”“依靠”。故填depend。 26．Rubbish is (separate) into different kinds in more and more communities. 【答案】separated 【详解】句意：垃圾在越来越多的社区中被分为不同种类。本句是被动语态，被动语态构成为“be+动词的过去分词”，“be separated into”被分成。故填separated。 27．The publishing house says this book (translate) into Italian next year. 【答案】will be translated 【详解】句意：出版社说这本书明年将译成意大利语。根据“next year”可知，应该使用一般将来时，根据“the book”和“translate”之间构成被动，所以应该使用一般将来时被动语态。故填：will be translated。 28．Are we let (hand) in our homework tomorrow, Mr Li? 【答案】to hand 【详解】句意：李老师，让我们明天交作业吗？ let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，在被动语态中，不定式的符号to要还原。故填to hand。 29． (nature) gas is widely used for heating and cooking in our neighbourhood. 【答案】Natural 【详解】句意：在我们的社区，天然气被广泛用于取暖和做饭。根据“gas”可知，这里用形容词作定语修饰名词gas，在句首首字母大写。故填Natural。 30．Some people complain they suffer from much (pollute) all year round. 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：一些人抱怨说，他们一整年都遭受很多污染。pollute“污染”，动词，空处缺少宾语，“much”修饰不可数名词，pollute的名词形式是pollution。故填pollution。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 31．Mr. Wu is a (严肃的) teacher. He often tells us to work hard. 【答案】serious 【详解】句意：吴老师是一个严肃的老师。他经常告诉我们要努力学习。根据汉语“严肃的”提示，所以是serious。故填serious。 32．My bottle is full, but my sister’s is （空的）. 【答案】empty 【详解】句意：我的瓶子满了，但我妹妹的是空的。根据“My bottle is full, but my sister’s is…（空的）.”可知，我妹妹的瓶子是空的。表达“空的”用形容词empty，放在is后面用形容词作表语。full和empty是一组反义词。故填empty。 33．Johnson likes to take down what happens every day in the (形式) of diary. 【答案】form 【详解】句意：约翰逊喜欢把每天发生的事情以日记的形式记录下来。form“形式”，是名词。故填form。 34．Spending too much time online is (有害的) to people’s health. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：花太多时间上网对人们的健康有害。“有害的”为harmful，be harmful to意为“对……有害”，故填harmful。 35．He got a (罚款) because of parking in a wrong place. 【答案】fine 【详解】句意：他因为把车停错地方而被罚款。由所给的汉语提示可知，“罚款”译成：fine；由a可知，这里用单数。故填fine。 36．Can you give me a (简单的) example ? 【答案】simple 【详解】句意：你能给我一个简单的例子吗？根据“a”可知空处是辅音音素开头的单词，simple“简单的”，符合题意。故填simple。 37．Then the wind and water don’t carry the (土壤) away. 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：那么风和水就不会带走土壤。soil“土壤”，不可数名词。故填soil。 38．Can you tell any (不同之处) between the twin sisters? 【答案】difference/differences 【详解】句意：你能分辨出这对双胞胎姐妹之间的区别吗？不同之处：difference，此处可用名词单数，也可用名词复数。故填difference(s)。 39．Has he told you the results of those (调查)? 【答案】surveys 【详解】句意：他告诉你那些调查的结果了吗？those后加可数名词复数形式surveys“调查”。故填surveys。 40．All kinds of activities can （引起）a lot of stress for children. 【答案】cause 【详解】句意：各种活动都会给孩子们带来很大的压力。“引起”是动词cause，因此情态动词can后跟动词原形cause。故填cause。 41．Don’t use （塑料）bottles to drink water. 【答案】plastic 【详解】句意：不要用塑料瓶喝水。根据中文提示和“bottles”可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词作定语，plastic符合句意，故填plastic。 42．We need （煤气）for cooking delicious meals. 【答案】gas 【详解】句意：我们需要煤气来烹饪美味的饭。gas“煤气”，不可数名词。故填gas。 43．What’s the next (步骤) in your study plan? 【答案】step 【详解】句意：你学习计划的下一步是什么？step“步骤”，可数名词，此处是指下一步，应用单数，故填step。 44．Our government has made laws to (限制) air and water pollution. 【答案】limit 【详解】句意：我们的政府制定了限制空气和水污染的法律。limit“限制”，动词。空前有动词不定式符号，动词用原形。故填limit。 45．I know an expensive necklace will be (展示) at the party this evening. 【答案】displayed 【详解】句意：我知道一条昂贵的项链将在今晚的晚会上展出。display“展示”，动词。根据“will be”结合语境可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，动词用过去分词。故填displayed。 46．My mother doesn’t （允许）me to use mobile phones. 【答案】allow 【详解】句意：我妈妈不允许我使用手机。根据“doesn’t”和中文提示可知，此处需要一个动词原形，allow“允许”符合句意，故填allow。 47．The (力量) of the wind brought down a great many trees in the area. 【答案】force/power 【详解】句意：强风吹倒了这一地区的许多树。根据中文提示可知，force/power“力量”，不可数名词，故填force/power。 48．It’s not good to be an (不诚实) boy． 【答案】dishonest 【详解】句意：作为一名不诚实的男孩是不好的。修饰名词boy，故用形容词，故为dishonest。 49．There are several (种类)of swallows． 【答案】kinds 【详解】句意：有几种燕子。有several修饰，用复数名词，故为kinds。 50．Canada is (丰富的) in water resources. 【答案】rich 【详解】句意：加拿大水资源丰富。根据中文提示可知，应填rich“丰富的”；be rich in“富有……的”，故填rich。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 51．世界各国政府都在推动停止使用塑料吸管和塑料袋以限制污染。 Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws and bags to . 【答案】limit pollution 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“限制污染”，其英文表达为：limit“限制”；pollution“污染”。动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填limit pollution。 52．水用光了，我们不得不去买。 The water and we had to buy it. 【答案】 ran out 【详解】根据汉语提示及所给句子，可知空处缺少“用光”的翻译。“用光”译为run out；and连接并列的成分，and后have用了过去式had，判断此句为一般过去时，故run应该用过去式，为ran。故填ran；out。 53．其次，我们要阻止人们砍伐树木。 Moreover, we should people down trees. 【答案】 stop cutting 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺少“阻止……砍伐”。动词短语stop sb doing sth表示“阻止某人做某事”，情态动词should后跟动词原形；cut down表示“砍伐”，cut的ing形式为cutting。故填stop；cutting。 54．孩子不应该太依赖父母。 Children shouldn’t their parents too much. 【答案】 depend on/upon 【详解】根据汉英对照可知，空格处所填词为“依赖”，对应的英文为depend on/upon，动词短语。情态动词shouldn’t后跟动词原形，故填depend；on/upon。 55．请你不要关电视，好吗？我想看新闻。 (完成译句) Would you please not the TV? I want to watch the news. 【答案】 turn off 【详解】turn off“关闭”，为固定词组；Would you please后接动词原形。故填turn off。 56．如果不按时还书，你将被罚款。 You . 【答案】will be fined if you don’t return books on time 【详解】if“如果”，引导条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，return“归还”，book“书本”，不止一本，用复数名词；on time“按时”，fine“罚款”，主语you与谓语fine之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故填will be fined if you don’t return books on time。 57．我们以我们的学校为荣。 We our school. 【答案】 are/take proud/pride of/in 【详解】以……为荣：be proud of/take pride in；句子用一般现在时，主语是We，谓语动词用原形，be动词用are。故填are/take；proud/pride；of/in。 58．对一些人来说，闲聊是一种很普通的交流方式。 For some, small talk is a common of . 【答案】 form communication 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，“方式”form，a后接其单数；“交流”communication，不可数名词。故填form；communication。 59．张老师让我们独立完成这项任务, 你最好不要依赖别人。 Miss Zhang asked us to finish this task on our own.You’d on others. 【答案】 better not depend 【详解】根据句意可知，此处对应的是“最好不要做某事”，英文表达是had better not do sth，You’d=you had，因此第一第二空应用better not；“依赖某人”对应的是depend on sb，此处动词用原形。故填better；not；depend。 60．他们将在下周上演一出新戏剧。 A new play next week. 【答案】 will be put on 【详解】“上演”put on，句子主语是“A new play”，和动词“上演”之间存在被动关系，且由“next week”可知，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will；be；put；on。 四、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Garbage sorting (垃圾分类) began on July 1,2019. However, I, with the other 238 families who live in my building, have been living with a similar system for years. Here, I’d like to talk about some of our 61 (experience). In October 2016, our neighborhood 62 (choose) to be part of a pilot (试点的) program for garbage sorting by the government. To help the program run well, we set 63 a volunteer team. I am one of the volunteers. Several of us, however, questioned if we could lead people in the building to change their habits. We began with the usual ways. We 64 (hand) out notices around the neighborhood. We also went door to door to tell people how to sort garbage. However, they made many mistakes. For example, many didn’t know wet rubbish meant food waste. 65 they thought it meant rubbish that was wet. Some even refused to sort their garbage. As a result, we volunteers had to do lots of sorting 66 (our). At the same time we went around explaining the rules. We kept talking to those who refused to sort their garbage. We let them know we had sorted their garbage for them. It was a matter of time and patience. We believed they would 67 (final) change their mind. Six months later we were 68 (success) in changing people’s mind. People in my building began sorting their garbage. Some even joined us 69 (help) us. I think face-to-face talks played 70 important part. They were much more useful than handing out notices. It was interesting to see what happened. I hope everyone knows garbage sorting is good for them. 【答案】 61．experiences 62．was chosen 63．up 64．handed 65．instead 66．ourselves 67．finally 68．successful 69．to help 70．an 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者所在社区先行开展垃圾分类工作，历经困难，最终成功改变居民观念，还指出面对面交流很关键。 61．句意：在这里，我想谈谈我们的一些经历。根据“some of our...”可知，此处需要一个名词，且“experience”作为“经历”讲时是可数名词，“some”后接可数名词复数形式。故填experiences。 62．句意：2016年10月，我们社区被政府选中参加垃圾分类试点项目。根据“In October 2016”可知，时态为一般过去时，“our neighborhood”和“choose”之间是被动关系，即“社区被选中”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，“our neighborhood”是单数，be动词用was，“choose”的过去分词是“chosen”。故填was chosen。 63．句意：为了帮助项目顺利进行，我们成立了一个志愿者团队。“set up”意为“建立，成立”，符合语境。故填up。 64．句意：我们在社区周围张贴通知。根据上下文可知，时态为一般过去时，“hand”的过去式是“handed”。故填handed。 65．句意：他们以为它指的是湿垃圾。根据“For example, many didn’t know wet rubbish meant food waste.”和“ they thought it meant rubbish that was wet.”可知，前一句说很多人不知道湿垃圾意味着食物垃圾，后一句说他们认为湿垃圾意味着湿的垃圾，前后是一种解释说明的关系，“instead”有“反而，相反” 的意思，在此处表示人们错误的理解与正确理解的对比。故填instead。 66．句意：结果，我们志愿者不得不自己做很多分类工作。“do sth. oneself”表示“某人自己做某事”，主语是“we volunteers”，对应的反身代词是“ourselves”。故填ourselves。 67．句意：我们相信他们最终会改变主意。“change”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，“final”的副词形式是“finally”，意为“最终，最后”。故填finally。 68．句意：六个月后，我们成功地改变了人们的想法。“be successful in doing sth.”意为“成功做某事”，这里需要形容词“successful”作表语。故填successful。 69．句意：有些人甚至加入我们帮助我们。“join sb. to do sth.”表示“加入某人做某事”，这里需要动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。 70．句意：我认为面对面的交谈起了重要作用。“play an important part”意为“起重要作用”，这里需要不定冠词“an”修饰“important part”，因为“important”是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$