Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 语法讲与练 2024-2025学年人教版英语九年级全册

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Unit5 What are the shirts made of?英语同步语法讲与练

一般现在时的被动语态语法

一、被动语态概述

主动语态:主语是动作的执行者(如:Eric teaches English.)。

被动语态:主语是动作的承受者(如:English is taught by Eric.)。

核心结构:am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词(done)。

二、主动语态变被动语态的步骤

  1. 变主语:主动语态的宾语 → 被动语态的主语。

例:We clean the classroom. → The classroom...

  1. 变谓语:主动语态的谓语 → be + 过去分词(注意be动词与新主语的单复数一致)。

例:clean → are cleaned

  1. 加by短语:主动语态的主语 → by + 宾格(若无需强调执行者,可省略)。
  2. 保留状语:时间、地点等状语位置不变。

三、被动语态的用法

  1. 不知道或不必指出执行者

The cup is broken.(杯子被打碎了。)

Books are written for children.(书是为儿童写的。)

  1. 强调动作的承受者

Calculators can’t be used in exams.(考试禁止使用计算器。)

Waste paper should be recycled.(废纸应被回收。)page number 0

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四、句式结构

 

句式

结构

例句

肯定句

主语 + am/is/are + done + by...

The house is built by workers.(房子由工人建造。)

否定句

主语 + am/is/are + not + done + by...

The car is not driven by him.(车不是他开的。)

一般疑问句

Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done + by...?

—Is the bike repaired?(自行车修好了吗?)—Yes, it is.

特殊疑问句

特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + done...?

What is the cake made of?(蛋糕是用什么做的?)

五、常考考点与易错点

1. 被动语态与主动语态的辨析

主语态强调“谁做”,被动语态强调“什么被做”。

例:主动:They plant trees in spring.(他们在春天种树。)被动:Trees are planted in spring.(树在春天被种植。)

2. be动词的单复数

由被动语态的主语决定,与主动语态的主语无关。

例:主动:He cleans the room. → 被动:The room is cleaned by him.

主动:They clean the room. → 被动:The room is cleaned by them.(主语room是单数)page number 1

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3. 感官动词的被动语态

主动语态中省略to的感官动词(如see, hear),被动语态中需还原to。

例:主动:I saw her enter the room. → 被动:She was seen to enter the room.

4. 固定搭配的被动形式

常见短语:be made of(由……制成,看得出原材料)

be made from(由……制成,看不出原材料)

be made in(在某地制造)

be known for(因……闻名)

be used for(被用于……)

例:The desk is made of wood.(桌子由木头制成。)

This kind of paper is made from wood.(这种纸由木材制成。)

考点1一般现在时的被动语态

  1. 单项选择:请从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
  1. -Your classroom is really bright and clean.

-It__after school every day.

A. is cleaned        B. cleaned        C.was cleaned          D.were cleaned

2. -Drunken driving is dangerous, isn't it?

-Yeah. That's why drunken drivers____ to prison even without causing accidents.

A.sent    B. are sent  C.send    D. are sending

3. Now primary school students___ to learn to cook at school

A.were required   B.are required   C.will be required   D.was required

4. The Olympic Games___ every four years.

A.are held   B.were held   C.are holding   D. will holdpage number 2

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