题型三 还原句子型阅读-【指点中考】2025年湖北中考英语导学案

题型三 还原句子型阅读 考情研习 明断备考应向 还原句子型阅读需要学生拓宽思维的深度和广度,不再只是简单地从句子层面出发,理解和把 控词汇含义以及语法结构去理解篇章,而是从更高层次的篇章层面上,立足整体,体会句子、语段前 后的衔接和连贯性,进而把握篇章大意,符合《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》语言技能中“辨 别语篇中的衔接手段,判断语篇中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系”这一要求。还原句子型阅读考 情如下: 语篇类型 多为说明文,也会涉及记叙文、议论文。语篇类型多样,除常规文本外,也会有对话、采访、剧本等 主题:人与自我>人与社会>人与自然 衔 主题&话题 话题:以做法建议、事物介绍为主,也会涉及生活故事、观点看法,还会涉及中华优秀传 统文化、环境保护等 词数 250左右,其中正文200左右,备选项60左右 命题形式 有目的地在文章中去除5处信息,提供6个备选项要学生进行信息回填,选项按照由短到 长的顺序依次排列,文章首尾句不设空 段中:设空多数集中在段中,主要考查上下文过渡句,细节句以及对逻辑关系进行解释说 明的句子 考点分布 段首:主题句、过渡句承接上一段 点 段尾:结论性语句、过渡句引出下一段 小标题:概括性语句。偶有涉及,不容忽略 册11 考查技能 以考查厘清逻辑关系和搜寻关键词为主,也会涉及明确指代关系 技法纳 破译题码 湖北省中考的还原句子型阅读有6个选项,每个设空处就可能有6种选择,这无疑加大了解题 的难度,如何缩小答案范围,把待选项范围变小,就显得尤为重要。所以,首先要关注文章主旨大 意,这往往通过标题或者预览全文即可得知;其次,需要关注体裁,确定文章结构(说明文中,常见的 结构为“总一分”或“总一分一总”);然后通过以下步骤和方法,确定适当选项。 从外在线索入手 由内在逻辑把握 1.关注小标题 →多为祈使句 原词复现,反义词复现。 1.词汇复现 同义词复现、近义词复现。 →句式多相同 2.留意主旨句 上下义词复现、概括词复现 外在 内在 逻辑 线索 2.代词指代 单数:it/this/that/one 总领起下文 3.首段末尾处 复数:they/those/ones .3.逻辑关系 并列、递进、转折、对比、 4.标点符号 非完整句子 因果、条件、例证 158 指点中考 英语 技法搜寻关键词 关键词是指某些体现线索特征的词汇。如名词、动词和形容词作为主要的线索特征词,常以其 同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式重复出现 圆1(2024·湖北模拟演练) 32 It might be easy to ask 答题流程 all people around you for advice at once, but will you value 在解答此类试题时,学生可参考 以下步骤: -Step1:阅读空后内容,锁定画线部分为关键词。 Step1定关键词:着重 all advice? Probably not. It might be better to choose one 阅读空前空后的内容, or two people whose opinions you value the most 我张 锁定关键词; C. Ask someone for advice politely. Step2寻关键词:在选 D. Ask somebody for a second opinion. 项中查找相同关键词. E. Look for the best person to give you advice. 如原词、派生词、同义 近义词、反义词与同时 Step2:分析备选项,E项中的“thebestperson”与画线部分中 词。正确选项一般重复 的“allpeople”为同睛词,但意思相反:根据语境可知,此处表 上一句的关键词,或与 示找有经验的人寻求建议,故选E项。 下一句的关键词相呼应 技法②厘清逻辑关系 此类试题主要考查学生基于语篇层面对上下文逻辑关系的理解能力。做题时,需通过上下文 语境分析空处句子与前后句之间存在的逻辑关系,常常会借助过渡词或并列连词进行衔接。 圆2(2024 淮安)People may want to finish the journey as 答题流程 soon as possible. 47 . As you go through life, many 在解答此类试题时,学4可参考 以下步: Step1:根据空前画线句可知,此处表示人们想尽快完成自 Step1着重阅读空前空 我发现之旅。空后表示,在你的一生中,许多经历都会改 后内容,推测空处内容; 画张 1I排程 变,这有助于你成长,所以目我发现之旅是一生的任务。 experiences can change you, and this helps you grow. The Step2分析设空处与l ,句/下一句之间的逻辑 journey to self-discovery is life's greatest adventure. 关系,重点找空处上 D. Spend your time in a new environment. 句/下一句、备选项中体 E. They even have a great time during the journeys. 现逻辑关系的衔接词(组) 根据1:下文逻辑关系确 F. In fact, the self-discovery journey is a life-long task. 定答案。 Step2:结合备选项可知,F项“自我发现之旅是一项终身任 务”符合语境,与上文形成转折关系,故选F项。 导学案 159 技法 明确指代关系 则3(2024通辽) 答题流程 ·Get enough sleep every day. 代词用于指代前面提及的名词 Poor sleep can influence your memory. 53 Researches (短语)或句子。在解答此类试题 时,学生可参考以下步骤: 一Step1:分析备选项可知,B项中的“i”指代空 处所在句上一句中提到的“Poor sleep”。 Step1着重阅读空前空 后的内容,推测空处所 Step2:将B项代入文空处可知,其与面的“缺 讲内容; 乏睡眠不仅影响记忆”是并列关系.(缺乏睡眠)它 还响学习,故选B项 Step2找出空处前后句 show that people without enough sleep may not focus on 或备选项中出现的代词 what they do. So get enough sleep! 结合空处前后句和备选 项分析,明确代词所指 A. Take a walk every day. 代的内容,从而确定答案 B. It can also influence your learning. C. If so, the following healthy habits may help you. 典厕印证 演示解题技法 (2024 湖北)Many people make journeys to -素养探究 different places. However, the biggest journey 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何开启自已的 is the self-discovery journey. How do you start 自我发现之旅。文本开门见山,主题明确,结构 it?31. 清晰,语言简洁,上下文联系紧密,没有太多繁 杂信息,方便学生理解和推断。文章亦启边学生 ·Understand what you value about yourself 认识自已,发现自已的潜力和价值,成为更好的 32 ? It could be about how creative 自己。帮助学生形成正确的情感态度、价值观, 内修文化品格 you are. It could also be about your wonderful skills at football. This helps you better 第一步读--先观大局,知其结构,明大意-- understand your own values and abilities. 33题段落小标题 根据其他段落小标题是祈使句 · 33 可推知,设空处也是祈使句。根据下文所例举的 What makes you happy? It could be when 能使你高兴的事情可知,此处的主题应为“知道 什么使你感到兴奋”。 you are singing on stage(舞台),when you 自主解答: help your dad repair his car, or even when you 31题段尾题此空起到承上启下的作用。根据前 are doing a science project. 面的间句“Howdoyoustart it?”和下文所介绍的 ·Travel to different places 四个方法可知,此处应是向别人介绍开启自我发 现之旅你能做的事。 自主解答:__ Traveling to a new place is a good way to 32题段首题 discover new things. When you are on your 此空为段落过渡句,则通过“瞻前 顾后”,找到启示点。根据上文“Lnderstand travels, you have chances to meet kinds of people what youvalue aboutvourself."可知,此处应是和 and get to know different cultures. 34. 自己的特长和兴趣相关。再由后面的“多有创造 ·Ask yourself what you want to be 力”“在足球方面出色的技能”等可知,此处问 What is your goal in life? How will you “你最喜欢自已什么”。 自主解答: achieve it? 35 , and you will have a better 160 指点中考 英语 understanding of yourself. These questions will 第二步析--逻辑衔接,重连接词,识用途 help you reflect(深思). 35题段中题 逻辑关系 根据空前的两个问句 The self-discovery journey is not a fixed “What is your goal in life? How will you achieve it?' one. With time going by, many experiences in 及下文“这些问题将帮你深思”可知,此处应是 与自我提问相关。 your life can change you, which helps you grow. 自主解答: A. Ask yourself these questions 第三步寻一-词汇线索,判断指代,找复现 B. Know what makes you excited 34题段尾题代词指代 根据上文可知,此处应 C. Here are some things you can do 是与发现之旅的意义相关的语句。“meetkindsof D. What do you like most about yourself people"和"gel to know different cultures",这些 E. Have you ever been to different places (Thev)能开阔你的视野,增长你的见识。 自主解答: F. They can open your eyes and increase your knowledge 第四步代--回填答案,通读文章,核正误 好题精练 练全练通练运 Test A Keep you slim. (2024 宜宾) Why are good eating habits Sometimes people eat too much sugar or important? Your body is like a super-strong. fatty foods, and it's like putting too much super-speedy machine, and the food you eat is weight in your backpack. 4 Eating a good what keeps you going. 1 Eating the right mix of foods can help you stay light food helps your body run smoothly and stay strong How can you start eating better? Firstly. 第 eat all kinds of foods. 5 Don't be too picky Give you energy. The food you eat gives you energy to run. (挑食). Next, have three meals a day. You are jump andplay.Proteins(蛋白质)are a good supposed to have each meal on time. Lastly. choice. 2 drink water. As a garden needs watering, your Help you grow. body needs water too. Are you trying to get taller and stronger? A. Make you healthy. Eating things such as chicken, fish and beans B. Exercise every day. does good to your growth. C. Each kind is good for your health. 3 D. It gets heavy and makes you tired. Some foods are like tiny doctors. Fruits E. It's just like putting the right oil in your car. and vegetables, such as apples and carrots. F. Eggs and milk provide power for every have an active influence on your body if something movement you make. goes wrong, like when you have a little cold 导学案 161 Test B birds. And at the end of the day, you can look (2024 云南改编)You may be too busy to back on all your explorations. notice the wonderful world where you live. A. Find out a guided tour. Taking time to know your own town or city can B. Here is how to get started. help you see it in a new light. With the warm C. Go bike riding in a local park weather outside, now is a good time to go D. A fresh way to explore your town is exploring(探索)with a trusted adult. 1 with your camera. Act like a tourist. E. Then try to think about which is the Many times, when you live in a place, you best place to explore. never really explore some of the most exciting F. If my friends came to town, where parts that a visitor might. Start by asking would I advise them to go? yourself this question: 2 Maybe you can Test C visit a historic building, a nice park, or a new ice cream store. (2024盐城改编) Consider local attractions(景点). Secret to Happiness First, do some research online and talk to There's a Chinese saying that goes, "If an adult about where to go. 3 A local you want happiness for an hour, take a nap(小 1I不理 museum or zoo might have a new exhibit. You 睡). If you want happiness for a day, go fishing. If might also head to a national park for a hike you want happiness for a year, become wealthy by chance. 1 "Helping others by giving With an adult's guide, look up walking may be the secret to a happy, healthy life. The tours for a whole new way to explore your city. more you give, the more you'll gain. The key is Some cities offer walking tours focused on a to find a method that works for you. 2 theme, like food or local parks. You can also Find your love. 3 You might feel bad if search for free self-guided walking tours in you are doing something you don't like. You your area. will feel great when you put your love into giving. Take a photography(摄影)walk. Give your time. The gift of time is often 5 Pick a theme for your photos, like more valuable to the receiver, and more satisfying special dishes, local waterways, or lovely to the giver, than money. People don't all have 162 指点中考 英语 the same amount(数量) of money,but everyone The Amazon is in South America. It is the has time. 4 It can be just a few hours a biggest rain forest in the world. 2 The rest day, or a few days a year. spreads across eight other countries. Be active. Take every chance to serve your 3 There are more kinds of plants and community. You are free to choose what you animals there than anywhere else in the world. want to do, Make full use of services that The biggest mix of plants and animals live in match your values. the canopy(天篷似的树荫).Thecanopyisa 5 You can easily get used to selfless thick coat of trees. The canopy keeps off most giving. When you give, make sure to keep our of the sunlight. The rain forest floor is very dark. own needs in mind. You matter, too! 4 There are more than 4oo different All in all, by proper giving, you can gain native tribes(士著部落)!Native people used purpose, meaning and happiness-all of the to stay in the rain forest. They found food and things that people look for in life but are so built homes there. They made medicine from hard to find. plants. Now they sometimes leave. They go into A. Don't forget about yourself. nearby towns to sell food. Still, they live in their own ways. B. Helping others helps ourselves. Today, the Amazon is faced with the C. Here is some advice that you can take. problem of deforestation. This means that too D. You can give some of this time to help I排理考多 others. many trees are cut down by humans and it brings harmful results to the wildlife in the E. If you want happiness for a lifetime. Amazon.5 help somebody. F. Your giving should not be from orders A. They are very warm. but come out of love. B. People live in the Amazon too. Test D C. More than half of the rain forest is in Brazil D. Tbey have found some wildlife near the equator. (2024 陕西改编)Rain forests are forests E. Many plants and animals live in the that get a lot of rain. It can rain more than one Amazon. inch(-2. 54 cm) per day! There are tropical F. What can we do to protect the e rain (热带的) rain forests all over the world. They are found near the equator(赤道). 1 forest and the wildlife there? 导学案 163题型二选择型阅读 5.develop 6.local 7.difficulty 好题精练—练全练通练透 8.successfully 9.helps 10.real Test A 题型五任务型阅读 1.C2.D3.B4.C5.A 好题精练—练全练通练透 Test B Test A 6.B7.D8.A9.A10.C 1.reading together with others Test C 2.pair up older students with younger ones 11.C12.D13.D14.B15.C 3.practice lifelong skills 题型三还原句子型阅读 4.become a closer community 好题精练一练全练通练透 5.Reading with others can make our reading Test A experience more interesting.We can share 1.E2.F3.A4.D5.C our ideas with others and learn more./.. 案不唯一，言之有理即可) Test B Test B 1.B2.F3.E4.A5.D 1.hit Test C 2.filled with beautiful wisdom 1.E2.C3.F4.D5.A 3.the grassland and life Test D 4.truth,goodness and beauty 1.A2.C3.E4.B5.F 5.It makes us know about the beauty of nature 题型四短文选词填空 and humans../…(答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 好题精练—练全练通练透 Test C Test A 1.300 1.widely 2.because 3.led 4.talented 2.the climate today 5.them 6.pleasure 7.disagree 3.A harvest celebration will readily come to mind. 8.performed 9.means 10.ages 4.the new Summer Test B 5.We need to pay attention to climate change./.. 1.popular 2.selling 3.after 4.his (答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 5.needed 6.situation 7.caught 8.only Test D 9.movies 10.greatest 1.consider Test C 2.to look for something in common 1.remember 2.were 3.expected 4.neither 3.You'll regret saying them when you cool down. 5.surprise 6.Instead 7.years'8.cooking 4.Discuss with a third party. 9.Nothing 10.sweetest 5.Listening to smooth music helps a lot./I can Test D write down my feelings and thoughts to 1.joy 2.offered 3.eggs 4.taste reduce anger./..(答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 12