词类(一) 名词-【指点中考】2025年湖北中考英语导学案

第二编 语法专题突破 专题一词类 词类（一)名词 图解语法 用a,an,one等修饰 单数 通常是在名词词尾加's 一般在词尾加-：cap→caps 以-s或-es结尾的复数名词在其后加' 以-h.h,-x.结尾，词尾加“： 不以-结尾的复数名词直接在其后 box--boxes 可数名词 加s 以铺音字母+，结尾，先把变为1，再加- 表示各自所有，则每个名词都要变为 factory→factories 名 所有格形式 复 把或e变为v,再加-s 数 词 表示两人或多人共有时、只将最后一 第 wolf-wolves,knife-knives 名 所 个名词变为所有格形式 司尾加-或-es:omato→tomaloes. 有 编 photo--photos.hero-heroes 格 of所有格，即“of+名词”，多用于无 生命的名词 不规则变化：child-一children,sheep一sheep 法 双重所有格，即“f+名词所有格”， 没有复数形式，不能直接用不定冠词或数词修饰 表示所属关系或加强感情色彩 题 some,much,lots of,.plenty of等可以修饰，表示 突 某个些人、地方、机构等专有的名称 不确切数量 不可数 专有 破 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写 “数词+表示度量、容积等的名词+「+不可数名 名词 名词 词”表示确切数量 情 境 中悟 语 法 When I was eight,my father lost his job.For a year after this..we lived①不定冠词a/an修饰可数名词，表 a hard life. 示“一”的概念，其后通常跟可数 名词单数形式 It was New Year's Eve.I used to receive hongbao and many presents 2several,a lot of.many.few.all.a few on New Year's Day.But that year.it seemed impossible to receive any gifts. 或≥2的数词等修饰可数名词的复 数形式 However,when we woke up the next morning.we saw,to our surprise.a bag of +③to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是 gifts in the living room.As usual,we ate our breakfast and then began opening ④afew+可数名词复数 gifts.My younger sister went first.It was a toy that she had lost a few months ⑤several+-可数名词复数 ago!Then I opened mine.It was a searf that I'd lost several days ago.My ⑥a pair of+-可数名词复数 mother received a pair of socks that had gone missing. ⑦名词所有格后为名词，且表示所属关 My father got a pen that he'd lost.It turned to be my older sister's 系，充当形容词作用。名词变所有格 般情况下直接加s,有时直接加 work.She stored them and hid them in a secret place.It was a wonderful ⑧不可数名词前无限定词，不表示 day.and it taught me a valuable lesson. 具体数量，抽象名词多为不可数名 I'll always remember the "lost and found"gifts with much pleasure. 词，一股用much..lotsof.some等修饰 导学聚 85 考点精准透视 突破点1易错名词汇总： pronunciation发音：voice嗓音；sound声响；noise噪声 health健康：wealth财富；weight重量，体重；height高度，身高 3 trouble困难；problem难题，问题；question问题，疑问：difficulty困难 4 discussion讨论；resolution决心；instruction指示，命令；invention发明 5 price价格；prize奖品；pride骄做，自豪 6 friendship友谊；relationship关系；relative亲戚，同类事物 7 suggestion[C]建议；advice[U]建议，忠告 agreement同意，一致；development发展；environment环境；government政府；instrument乐器 第 9 subject科目；project项目，工程；program节目；progress进步；promise承诺 编 10 member成员；number数字，号码 语 11 chance机会；choice选择；change变化，零钱 法 专 12 information[U]信息；news[U门新闻；message[C]消息 题 突 突破点2部分名词既可以作可数名词又可以作不可数名词，但意义有所不同。 名词 可数 不可数 名词 可数 不可数 chicken 小鸡 鸡肉 paper 报纸；文件 纸 fish 鱼 鱼肉 experience 经历 经验 orange 橙（橘）子 橙（橘）汁 wood 树林 木材 fruit 水果（种类） 水果（总称） time 次数；倍数 时间 glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 life 生命 生活 light 电灯 光：光线：光亮 work 作品：著作 工作：职业；劳动 exercise 习题；练习；一套动作 锻炼：运动 room 房间 空间；余地 中 练 语 法 完形填空 Good communication skills are key to good relationships.How you say something and what you leave out are also important.Having communication 1 is important. Remember,the most important 2 is to keep practicing patiently.The following is about what you should do when communicating with others. 86 指，点中考英语 Listening is important for good communication.So,give the speaker your full attention and show your interest by asking some 3 from time to time.But don't interrupt()other people's words.What's more,don't judge()the 4 who are angry at that time. When you talk,be clear and keep it short and sweet.Also,watch your body language and tone ()Sometimes,actions speak louder than 5 For example,a warm hug shows more 6 than saying you love someone.So people's body language is helpful during communication. [外文素材改编自THiNK] 1.A.skills B.signs C.plans D.rules 2.A.person B.thing C.story D.object 3.A.interests B.questions C.answers D.goals 4.A.players B.speakers C.competitors D.visitors 5.A.habits B.ways C.words D.hobbies 第 6.A.luck B.worry C.love D.honor Ⅱ短文填空 编 shape word wealth person period color beauty wish mean begin Chinese New Year is a great celebration.It marks the end of the winter season and the 专 of spring.According to tradition,people like to give flowers and fruits to each 突 破 other during Chinese New Year,because they carry many special 2. They stand for the earth coming back to life and bring best 3. for new beginnings. Orchids(兰花)come in many4. but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year.They are believed to show love and 5. Orchids say,"Wish you to be lucky,successful and happy.During the holiday 6. this plant is a must. Peonies()are like soft clouds in pink,red and white.They are a beauty that can brighten up a 7. day.Red peonies are given to people to show love and care.Peonies say,"You are special to me.They are also a symbol of 8. and richness. Kumquats(),with their golden color,are a symbol of wealth and luck.The Chinese 9 for“kumquat”sounds like“gold orange”,which connects kumquats with richness.They are often presented in pairs. The apple,with its bright colors and round 10. _shows peace and harmony( )In fact,the word for "apple"in Chinese sounds like the word for "peace".Certainly,apples make great gifts. [中华优秀传统文化·春节习俗] 导学聚 873.①stuck ②learning ③on ④to 第22课时九年级（全）Units13~14 4.①wound②hurt 分层突破重难点 5.①learning ②worth 1.①to pay ②afforded 6.①except ②but ③except for 2.①methods ②way ③manners 教材语篇整合练 3.①adj.加倍的 ②u.加倍 短文填空 4.①up ②a ③in 1.worth 2.advice 3.expected 4.polite 5.①task ②jobs ③worked ④work/jobs 5.shake 6.your 7.minutes 8.kissing 9.prefer 10.deeply ⑤jobs 任务型阅读 6.①journey ②trip ③tour ④traveled 1.cultural differences in social situations 教材语篇整合练 2.greet each other 短文填空 3.bread 1.part 2.methods 3.really 4.costs 5.harmful 4.Put it on the table. 6.ecosystem 7.plastic 8.thrown 9.turning 5.Respecting their culture and customs./ 10.wait Understanding and adapting to their way of life. 任务型阅读 第21课时九年级（全）Units11~12 1.environmental protection and ways to do it 分层突破重难点 2.plastic bags 1.1)①do②stay③watching 3.cost (2)①would rather②rather than 2.①of②with 4.The ocean's ecosystem will be in danger. 3.①above/over ②over/above ③on 5.Plant trees,reduce water waste,use public 4.①live②living ③lively④alive transportation. 5.①down ②off ③on④into 第二编 语法专题突破 教材语篇整合练 短文填空 专题一词类 1.unexpected 2.start 3.stay 4.her 5.directly 6.surprised 7.blocks 8.lucky 9.got 10.be 词类（一）名词 任务型阅读 情境中练语法 1.unexpected events and their influence I,完形填空 2.stay at home 1.A2.B3.B4.B5.C6.C 3.hit 4.Two blocks east from the office. Ⅱ.短文填空 5.Be ready for anything that happens and stay 1.beginning 2.meanings 3.wishes happy./Life can change in ways we don't 4.colors 5.beauty 6.period 7.person's expect,so enjoy it as much as we can. 8.wealth 9.word 10.shape