词类(二) 第4节 动词的时态-【指点中考】2025年湖北中考英语导学案

I短文填空 (限填一次) could may couldn't have to would must Tom lived with his grandfather, who was regarded as the wisest man in the village. Many people1. go to his grandfather's house for advice or help. One day, Tom and his grandfather saw three men walking together. They met a single-log(独 木) bridge halfway, below which there was a deep river. If someone fell into it, he 2. lose his life. The first man didn't hesitate(犹豫) to step on the bridge and he 3. makeit to the other side of the river. The second man came close to the bridge. When seeing the deep river, he doubted if he 4. make a move. Encouraged by the first man, he stepped onto the bridge. Finally, he got to the other side safely, The third man 5. be brave enough. His whole body was shaking. But he6. be brave to cross the river as it was getting dark and there were some 排琴 hungry wolves behind him. Only after a few steps did he fall into the river Seeing the surprised look on Tom's face, Grandfather said softly, "When in difficulty, the more time you hesitate, the higher price you'll pay." 第4节 动词的时态 图解语法 表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作或事件 常与now. right now.these days. at presen 表示现在存在的状态,经堂发生或习 等时问状语连用 惯性的动作,客观真理或科学事实 现在 句中有look。listen等提示词时,常用现在 常jalwavs. often. usually.sometimes等 进行时 进行时 频度副词及once a week. every day/week/ 一般 go. come,leave. arrive等短暂性动词的现 month/ear等时间状语连用 现在时 在进行时还可表示按让订或安排即将发 在条件状语从句及时间状语从句中 生的动作 常用一股现在时表示将来概念 动l词 时态 表示过去禁时某刻某阶段正在进行的动作 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在 的状态 常与at that time, at that moment, at this 过去 timevesterdav.then等时间状语连用 一 常与ijnst now, last night/week/month. 进行时 也可用于when.while引导的表示过的时 twoyearsago等时间状语连用 过去时 间状语从句中 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状念 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在的影响 常与jsoon. tomorrow.in two days. in the 和结果,也可表示某一动作从过去某一 一 future等时间状语连田 时刻开始一直持续到现在,并可能延续 将来时 1去 “hegoingto+动词原形”也可表示将 要发生的动作或打算,计划要做的事 现在 常-jvet. already, ever, recently. by now. 完成时 so far. in the last/past few years. for+一段 时间,since+过某一时刻等连用 94 指点中考 英语 突破点1 时态中动词的形式变化 形式 规律 示例 serve→serves 一般在动词原形后直接加-s read→① 第三人 以s,o,x,z.sh,ch结尾的动词,后加-es go→goes wash→② 称单数 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y变为i.再加es fly→flies study→③ work→worked 一般在动词原形后直接加-ed 1 stay→④ 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词后只加-d 过去式 encourage→encouraged like→ 与过去 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y变为i.再加-ed study→studied carry→ 分词 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动 plan→ stop→stopped 词,双写此辅音字母,再加ed 一般在动词原形后直接加-ing sleep→sleeping wait→⑧ 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e,再加-ing smile→smiling 现在分 write→ 词与动 sit→sitting 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动 dig→ 名词 词,双写此辅音字母,再加-ing plan→ 少数以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加-ing die→dying lie→ 【拓展】be goingto与will的区别 I hope it will be warm tomorrow. 1. begoingto指已计划好的事或思考过的意 我希望明天会暖和起来。(主观意愿) 图、打算,will表示未事先思考或未计划而临 3.在含有条件状语从句的复合句的主句中,一 时做出的决定。如: 般用will,不用be going to。如: I'm going to see him tomorrow. I will come if it doesn't rain 我打算明天去看他。(事先经过思考) 如果不下雨的话,我就来。 I'll answer the door 樊破点2 过去进行时的特殊用法 我去开门。(未经事先考虑) 2.begoingto可表示客观迹象表明马上要发生 1.表过去频繁发生的动作或习惯性动作(此时 的事,而will则表明说话者的主观意愿。如: 带有一定的情感色彩,如赞扬、惊讶、厌烦 Look at the clouds. There is going to be a storm. 等),时间状语为always。如: 看看这些云,暴风雨就要来了。(客观迹象表 Alice was always changing her mind. 明要发生) 爱丽丝总是改变主意。 导学案 95 2.含有when/while引导的时间状语从句的主 【辨析】have gone to, have been to 与have been in 从复合句:过去进行时态表动作先发生,且正 短语 含义及用法 在进行。如: have gone to 表示“去了某地”,强调去了,还未回来 He was reading when I came in. 表示“去过某地”,强调去过,已经回 have been to 我进来的时候他正在看书。 来,常与次数或never连用 3.含有while的复合句:表主、从句动作同时发生或 表示“在.....待.....”,强调一直待在某 have been in 无所谓先后时,前后都用was/were十doing。 如: 地,常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用 While you were writing, I was reading 现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与 当你写作的时候,我在读书。 for、since等引导的时间状语连用。若要与一段 突破点3 时间连用,则要将瞬间动词转化为意思相近的 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 延续性动词。常见的变化如下: 现在完成时强调某一动作或状态对现在造成 buy→have borrow→keep 的影响或结果,不能和表示过去的时间状语连用; open→be open close→be closed 一般过去时只表示过去的事实,不表示和现在的 begin/start→be on come→be here 排)琴 关系,可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如: go→be there finish→be over I boughtaticket yesterday.我昨天买了一张票。 die→be dead catch a cold→have a cold put on→wear (强调我昨天做的一件事是买票) wake up→be awake fall asleep→be asleep I have alreadybought a ticket.我已经买了一张票。 join→be in (强调我已经有票了,无须再惦记票的事了) leave→be away There was once a man called Ali. When he ①过去进行时表示在过去某一段时间内正在进行的动 was Iraveling home with his friends on a dry land. hey 作,结构为:主语+was/were+现在分词+其他。常见时 met a poor strager. He said. "I am looking for water 间标志词有then,atthat time等 now. Can I join you?" They welcomed him, gave him ②现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或存在的状 a drink and continued their journey in the desert. 态,结构为:主语+am/is/are+现在分词+其他。 Soon they lost lheir way. And their water began to 常见 run out. They decided that the only way to survive (存 时间标志词有atpresent.now,look,listen等 活)was to ration(定量) the water that was left. -③讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时 One evening, when il was Ali's Inrn to drink. he ④一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状 noticed the stranger looking at him. He gave his waier 态,动作结束在过去,结构为:主语+be动词(was lothe stranger. The nex day the same thing happened again. were)/动词过去式+其他。常见时间标志词有yesterlay. The stranger drank the water and Ali had none. last week, three davs ago等 Each day Ali gave the stranger his water. Ali became 一般现在时表示经常性的事情、动作或一般性事 weaker and weaker. One morning, the stranger woke up Ali. " Get up, Ali. We are not far from water now." 实,结构为:主语+be动词(am/islare)/动词原形/动词 第三人称单数形式+其他。常见时间标志词有always. hesid. Ali's friends looked at the stranger in surprise. never, every day. once a month等 "How do yon know we are not far from water? We 现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并 have spent days searehing for water, but have found 己完成,结构为:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他。 nothing." Ali asked. The strager smiled and put 常见时问标志词有so far. yel.already,since等 Ali on a camel. " Follow me, and soon you will drink _一般将来时表示将来某个时问要做的事,结构为: as much water as you like." he said. The stranger 主语+will+z动词原形/bez动词(am/is/are)+goingto+z动词 led them to ar oasis(s洲)! So rememher thaI the 原形+其他。常见时间标志词有tomorrow,nextweek. kindness we give will eome back to us in two davs, in the future等 96 指点中考 英语 短文填空 Passage A remember reply show go have think express Do you always say thanks to your parents? I canstill clearly 1. that night up to the present. It was about two years ago and 1was2. a pneumonia(肺炎). My mom was busy taking care of me at that time. That day, I had come back home from the hospital. When I 3. to bed, I saidto my mom,"Thank you, Mom." My mom told me that it was unnecessary for a daughter to express thanks to her mom."Yes, but I still want to say thanks to you,”I 4. Many people seem to take their parents' or good friends' care and love for granted(理所当然 |1 的). Many people believed that 5. thanks too many times can make family members or friends feel distant(疏远的) from each other in their hearts. However, I6. wecan let them know that we truly thank their kindness by saying thanks. After that night, whenever I say thanks to my mom, her face 7. a smile.The relationship between us is becoming closer and closer. Passage B hurt develop create require allow go consider r become Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness regimens(养生法) in China. Over 8oo years ago, people in the Song Dynasty 1. it. As people practice Baduanjin, they breathe slowly and deeply. Through deep and slow breathing,this 2. the muscles(肌肉)to relax and the mind tobe peaceful Compared with more difficult sports, Baduanjin is slow and usually 3. with soft music. For this reason, people in the past 4. it a sport for the elders. Equipment(设备) is not necessary and it 5. very little space or time. In fact, it's perfect for office workers whose backs often 6. .That's because they sit in front of the computer for a long time. “When I practice Baduanjin, I feel very relaxed and peaceful. I also feel better, sleep bette and7. stronger after doing this sport. I am very thankful for Baduanjin," a young person said.“I have 8. a much healthier lifestyle because of it." But Baduanjin is not suitable for everyone to practice. Put safety first when doing Baduanjin. Patients who are weak should not take up this exercise. [中华优秀传统文化·八段锦] 导学案 97 PassageC send produce need collect work imagine be come start receive Building power stations in space sounds like an idea from science fiction. And in fact, it is. In 1941, science fiction writer Isaac Asimov 1. a similar station in his story Reason. The station2. energy from the sun and 3. it to other planets. In the past few years, some scientists have 4. up with the idea of using satellites( 卫星) to send solar energy from space down to the Earth. on a great plan. It will 6. Today, China is 5. building the first Space Solar Power Station(SSPS) in 2o28. The idea is all about a large satellite with solar panels. These huge panels 7. electricity and then send it to the Earth through microwaves. A ground antenna(天线)will8. and turn the microwaves back into electricity. The plan is known as“Zhuri", or“chasing the sun” in English. By 2050, the world will 9. twice as much energy as today. The power station in space10. in sunlight 24 hours a day, so it can produce electricity all the time. SSPs can send endless clean energy to humans. And the energy can get to different parts of the earth. [中国风·太空发电站 T写作运用 根据汉语意思补全此篇记叙文,注意动词时态的运用 How I've changed! My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 1. (我过去超 重)but I'm not anymore. I lost a lot of weight 2 (在我开始打网球之后). Playing tennis three times a week is a very good exercise. Now I'm fitter and healthier. The biggest change in my life was improving my English greatly. Thanks to my English teacher, Mrs. Wang, who gave me an interesting book to read. I enjoyed it so much that 3.. (我开始读其他书).This isthemost important change because I am no longer afraid of the English language and 4. (我考试考得更好了). This has made my parents even more prouder of me. What's more, I'm more outgoing than I used to be. I used to be afraid of speaking in front of people. However, now I can give a speech in public.5. (我也交了很多朋友). 6. (这些变化丰富了我的生活)andmademe abetter person. 98 指点中考 英语情境中练语法 词类(二) 动词和动词短语 I.短文填空 第1节 实义动词/系动词辨析 Passage A 情境中练语法 1. remember 2. having 3. went 4. replied I.完形填空 5. expressing 6. think 7. shows 1.D 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. B Passage B 9.A 10.C 1. created 2. allows 3. goes 4. considered II.短文填空 5. requires 6. hurt 7. become 8. developed 2. asked 3. answer 1. discovered 4. finish Passage C 5. felt 6. noticed 7. planning 8. experienced 3. sends 1. imagined 2. collects 4. come 9. happening 10. acting 5. working 6. start 7. produce 8. receive 第2节 动词短语辨析 9. need 10.is 情境中练语法 完形填空 II.写作运用 Passage A 1. I used to be overweight 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 2. after I started playing tennis Passage B 3. I started to read other books 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 4. I am doing better in my exams Passage C 5. I have also made many friends 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6. These changes have enriched my life 第3节 情态动词辨析 第5节 动词的语态 情境中练语法 情境中练语法 I.完形填空 I.短文填空 Passage A Passage A 1. B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.D 1. called 2. created 3. found 4. painted Passage B 5. used 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A Passage B II.短文填空 1. built 2. put 4. taken 3. taught 5.given 1. would 2. may 3. must t 4. could 5. couldn't 6. had to 6. considered 第4节 动词的时态 II.写作运用 考点精准透视 1. will be carried out in our school 突破点1 2. will last for one month ①read ②washes ③studies ④stayed 3. reading experiences can be exchanged carried planned liked ⑧waiting 4. a reading competition will be organized writing digging planning lying 5. be judged on their pronunciation and performance 8