Unit 7 一般过去时讲解课件 - 2024-2025学年人教版英语七年级下册

一般过去时态 Simple Past Tense I ___ 12 years old this year. 2.我去年11岁. I ____ 11 years old last year. Please look at the sentences 1.今年12岁. am was 3.他们今天在中国。 They ____ in China today. are 4.他们昨天在日本。 They ____ in Japan yesterday. were 单数 am/ is was 复数 are were 一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态;也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 一、时态定义 1、昨天他骑自行车去上学。 He went to school by bike yesterday. 2、Mary 一小时前写了家庭作业。 Mary did her homework one hour ago. （1）例句： 他让我们摘苹果。 He told us to pick apples. 二、一般过去时的用法： 表示说话前所发生的动作。 （2）例句： 放学后，我骑自行车赶回家，下车，放下 我的书包，然后就进屋了。 After school I hurried to ride my bike, got off the bike, put down my bag and went into the house. 表示过去所发生的一系列动作。 （3）例： 雷锋同志在他的生命中总是做好事。 Comrade Lei Feng did good deeds in his life. 讲述（过去的）故事或表示已故的人所做的事情。 例句：今天早上刘女士七点起床，然后穿衣、吃早餐，去上班。 Miss Liu got up at seven o’clock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work. I get up at 6:30 every morning. I _____ up at 9:00 last Sunday. He plays football every afternoon. He _____ basketball yesterday afternoon. 一般现在时主语后跟 动词原形、第三人称单数 一般过去式主语后跟 动词过去式 got played 三、一般现在时与一般过去时的比较： be动词(was,were) 助动词(did) 主语+谓语 情态动词(could,might) 实义动词(有确切含义的动词，可 以单独做谓语,如:played 等) 例如：They were happy. You did your homework. He played football. I lost my keys last week. 四、一般过去时结构 动词的一般过去式。 没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外) A.与ago 连用： a moment two minutes three hours five days one week six months four years ago 五、一般过去时常用时间状语 a moment ago=just now(刚才） last time night week month term Monday B.与last连用 例如：上个周末你过得怎么样？ ______ ______ your last weekend? How was yesterday morning afternoon evening the day before yesterday C.与yesterday 连用： 例如：昨天下午他们在哪里？ _______ _______ they yesterday afternoon? Where were in 1990, (in 1998…) this morning, this Monday When I was 5 years old D.特殊标志词 例如： I didn’t go to school this morning. The little girl was born in 2008. （1）含be动词过去时的句型： 其否定句是在was/were后加not， 其一般疑问句和特殊疑问句是把 was/were 提到主语前。 例句：—Were you at home yesterday? —Yes, I was./ No, I wasn’t. 六、一般过去式 句型： （2）含实义动词过去时的句型： ① 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他. ② 否定句：主语+did not (didn’t)+动词原形+其他. ③ 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ (其肯 定回答用“Yes,主语+did”，否定回答用 “No,主 语+didn’t.”) ④ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ Jack did his homework yesterday. 否定句： Jack didn’t do his homework yesterday. 一般疑问句： Did Jack do his homework yesterday? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. 对划线部分提问： What did Jack do yesterday? 加助动词did后,过去时动词须返回原形。 简略回答用助动词did/didn’t代替行为动词。 ① 我去了动物园。 ②我没有去动物园。 ③你去动物园了吗？ ④昨天你做了什么？ I went to the zoo. I didn’t go to the zoo. Did you go to the zoo? What did you do yesterday? 练习：翻译下列的句子。 （1）be动词的过去式：am / is are （2）实义动词的过去式： ①一般在词尾加-ed。 例如：play—played； clean—cleaned ②以字母e结尾的直接加-d。 例如：live—lived； like—liked was were 七、一般过去时的动词构成 ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”，再加-ed。 例如： study—studied； worry—worried ④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节单词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。 例如：stop—stopped； plan—planned 注 意 a.清辅音 , , , , 等后， -ed要读 。如 milked, washed. b.元音或浊辅音 ， ， ， ， 等后，-ed要读 。如 played, turned. c. 或 后，-ed读 。如wanted, needed. ⑤动词过去式的不规则变化规律： 类别 例词 过去式和原形一样 cut→cut let→let put→put 变i为o write→wrote ride→rode drive→drove 变ow/aw为ew draw→drew know→knew grow→grew 类别 例词 中间去e，词尾加t keep→kept feel→felt sleep→slept 词尾的d变成t spend→spent send→sent lend→lent 过去式以ought/ aught结尾 think→thought teach→taught buy→bought be动词的过去式 am/is→was are→were 练习：用正确的形式将句子补充完整。 1. I ______(go) to the countryside last weekend. 2. David ______(have) a great time during the summer holiday. 3. I _______(buy) a bunch of flowers for my mother. 4. My elder sister ______(eat) up all the pears just now. 5. My grandpa ______(sit) there without speaking. went had bought ate sat 1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句） Lucy _______ _______ her homework at home. 2、He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑问句) ______ he _____ ______ meat in the fridge? 3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ _____ she _____ there? 4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句) _____ there _____ orange in the cup? 改写句子： didn’t do Did find any How long did stay Was any $$