2023年上海中考英语一轮复习讲练第3讲-被动语态带讲解

第3讲 被动语态

【知识梳理1】

教学建议：

由于此部分是复习课，建议老师采取以教代学的方式让学生各自负责一个知识点进行讲解，其他学生进行提问。老师在过程中进行补充和总结。

一、基本概念: 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人或物完成的，则用被动语态。

二、语态的分类及构成

1. 动词的语态有两种：一种是主动语态（主语是动作的执行者），另一种是被动语态（主语是动作的承受者）。

2. 被动语态的构成：

助动词be +（not）+（及物动词的）过去分词

此时，由助动词be来反映时态的变化，常见有以下八种形式：

一般现在时	am	+过去分词
	is
	are
一般过去时	was	+过去分词
	were

一般将来时	shall	be+过去分词
	will
现在完成时	has	been+过去分词
	have
现在进行时	am	being+过去分词
	is
	are
过去进行时	was	being+过去分词
	were
过去将来时	should	be+过去分词
	would
过去完成时	had	been+过去分词

 

2）  情态动词 +（not）+ be +（及物动词的）过去分词

can	be+（及物动词）过去分词
may
must

 

批注：这部分是重点内容，涉及到不同时态的被动语态变化，要让学生关注时态是如何体现的，尤其是完成时和进行时的被动语态。具体技巧下面例句之后会有总结

【例题精讲】1. People _______ to send up fireworks around the center of the city last Spring Festival.

A) weren’t allowed       B) won’t be allowed

C) are not allowed       D) haven’t been allowed

2. The 87th Annual Academy Awards (奥斯卡金像奖) ceremony ________ in Los Angeles, USA, on February 22,2015.

A) held   B) was held    C) was holding  D) had been held

3. Nowadays new taxi apps (打车软件) _______to help people travel around more easily.

A) are used  B) use     C) used    D) is used

4. Keep reading English every day, and your reading skills       quickly.                                                   

A) improve  B) will improve   C) are improved  D) will be improved

5. Great progress ______ in studying the new medicine for cancer recently.

A) will be made B) is made    C) has been made  D) was made

6. The library of our neighbourhood ___________ ten hours a day.

A) opens   B) is open    C) has opened   D) is opened

7. The river __________ by waste products from the factory. We can find no fish in it.  

A) has polluted B) will pollute    C) has been polluted D) will be polluted

1-7  ABADC    BC

【巩固练习】

1. It’s terrible to hear that some students _____ when they took a school bus.

A. killed   B. are killed   C. were killed   D. have killed

2. If all businesses go paperless, at least one million tons of paper     .

A. will save  B. is saved   C. will be saved  D. saves

3. In some English classes, pictures are used      the students learn new words.

A. to help   B. to helping   C. for being helped  D. for having helped

4. The mistakes in the report       by the group leaders after class.

A. will be corrected      B. is corrected             

C. corrected       D. have corrected

5. Don’t worry, your package_______ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.

A. kept   B. was keeping  C. has been kept  D. will be kept

6. Many graduates      by the university to celebrate its 100th birthday last week.

A. have invited B. will invite   C. are invited   D. were invited

7. –Have you moved into your new flat, Mr. Smith?

  – Not yet, the rooms ________ next month.

A. are painted  B. are painting   C. will paint   D. will be painted

8. The 2011 Nobel Prize for Medicine        to three scientists last month.  

A. awards  B. awarded   C. was awarding  D. was awarded 9. The children _______ by the funny performance in Shanghai Circus World.

A. attract   B. attracted   C. are attracting  D. were attracted

10. A flower show _________ next week in the park and I’ll go to visit it with my family.

A. is holding  B. will hold   C. has been held  D. will be held

1—5 CCAAD  6—10 DDDDD

【知识梳理2】

被动语态的句法功能

1. 当不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。