专题03 短语，语法归纳，重点句式【考点清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（沪教牛津版）

2024-2025学年八年级下期末考点大串讲（牛津版） 专题03 短语、重点句式、语法归纳（考点清单） Unit 1 Helping those in need 重点短语 1.报请批准：ask permission 2.情绪高涨：be in high spirits 3.无法做某事：be unable to do sth. 4.因为；由于：because of 5.继续做某事：continue to do sth. 6.帮助某人：give sb. a hand 7.做某事有困难：have difficulty (in) doing sth. 8.需要帮助的：in need 9.身体状况良好 / 较差：in good/bad health 10.在某人空闲时间：in one’s free time 11.为了：in order to 12.与某人交朋友：make friends with 13.为... 付费：pay for ... 14.筹集善款：raise money 15.使振奋：raise one’s spirits 16.遭受：suffer from 17.拍照：take photos of 18.参加：take part in 19.考虑：think about 20.义务性工作：voluntary work  语法精萃（见下单元合起来讲解非-谓语动词） 重点句式 1.辛迪住院了，因为她患了严重的疾病。 Cindy is in hospital because she suffered from serious illnesses. 2.她想画一幅她家附近公园的画。 She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. 3.我去了那里并且拍了一些它（公园）的照片。 I went there and took some photos of it 4.她的父母在一场车祸中去世了，她既不开心又非常孤独。 Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely. 5.他在一次事故中伤了他的腿，但他很有勇气。 He hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage. 6.我们需要帮助像蒂姆这样的孩子，并且让他们振作起来。 We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits. Unit 2 Body language 重点短语 1.身势语；肢体语言：body language 2.发生：take place 3.坐起来；坐直 ：sit up 4.兼职工作 ：part-time job 5.抬着头 ：hold one’s head up 6.找某人帮忙；求助于某人 ：go to sb. for help 7.朝某人微笑 ：smile at sb. 8.给…… 留下好印象 ：make a good impression on 9.这会儿；现在 ：at the moment 10.…… 的关键 ：the key to….. 11.握手 ：shake hands 12.点头 ：nod one’s head 13.摇头 ：shake one’s head 14.提醒某人某事 ：remind sb. about sth. 15.直视某人的眼睛 ：look into sb’s eyes 16.代替：instead of 语法精萃 我们从中考题中分析，对于非谓语动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点： （1）动词不定式 （2）动名词 考向分析：中考对于非谓语动词的考察要求考生们： （1）掌握非谓语动词的定义； （2）掌握动词不定式的用法； （3）掌握一些特殊结构。 非谓语动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词【现在分词和过去分词（done）】，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。通常出现在单项选择，语法选择，语法填空，选词填空等考题中。 考向一：动词不定式：to+ do 不定式的作用 例句 作主语 ①To learn is very important. ②To drive in the right is not allowed here. 注意：①不定式作主语时，可置句首。 ②如果过长，可采用it作形式主语，不定式后置的结构。 ※重点句式：1.It is/was+adj./n.+ to do（做什么。。是。。） ①It was difficult to answer the question. ※重点句式：2.It is/was+ adj.+ for sth./sb. +to do. 3.It is/was + adj.+ of sb.to do ①It is necessary for this door to be locked. ②It is very kind of you to help me. 4. It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do sth. 5. sb.+ be + adj. + to do sth. 6. think/find + it +adj.+ to do sth. 作表语 The most important thing is not to give up. 作宾语 ①I want to swim in the pool. ②They intend to postpone the trip. ③A good translator is hard to find. 作定语 2 Give him an ornament to polish. ②I need a volunteer to take the minutes. 作状语 ①The officer returned to help.（目的状语） ②My parents will be happy to meet you.（原因状语） 形式：①动名词与现在分词同型(v-ing） ②起到名词的作用 动名词的作用 例句 作主语（谓语动词为单数） Reading helps you learn English. 作宾语 （有的动词直接加动名词作其宾语；有的加介词后动名词作其宾语） 1.He quit smoking a year ago. 2.I look forward to helping you paint the house. It+形容词+动名词 It is no use telling him not to worry. （此类形容词还包括：better、wonderful、enjoyable、interesting、foolish、difficult、useless、senseless、worthwhile） 作表语 （对主语进一步说明，相当于一个名词） 1.My job is teaching. 2.Seeing is believing. 作定语 （表示用途或性质） 1. a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 2. a moving truck=a truck for moving. 考向三：不定式与疑问词的连用 不定式可以和疑问词who, when, what, how,等构成不定式短语，在句中作主语宾语和表语。 如：I don't know what to say. I don’t know what to do. I don’t know how to do it. I don’t know what to do about it. 考向四：常见非谓语考向 常用的带动词不定式to do的词 want ,would like ,agree, decide ,refuse ,learn too…to do, adj.+ enough to do 常用的带to do做宾语补足语 (v. + sb. + to do )的词 ask sb.(not) to do sth., tell sb.(not) to do sth want, would like, wish , teach , allow , encourage , help ,warn . 常用的不带to 的情况 let , make , had better. see, hear, watch 常用的只带 doing的词 Keep, enjoy ,practise, finish ,mind be busy doing, spend…(in) doing suggest doing, prefer doing to doing 介词+ doing 考向五：动词接Ving和to do的区别 有些谓语动词之后既可以加动词不定式 to do，也可以加动名词 doing，但是它们的中文意思不同。 如： stop to do something 停止手中事，去做另一件事 stop doing something 停止正在做的事 remember / forget / regret to do something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾要做某事（指动作尚未发生） remember / forget / regret doing something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾做了某事（指动作已经发生） try to do something 设法，努力去做，尽力 try doing something 试试去做，看有何结果 mean to do something 打算做，企图做 mean doing something 意思是，意味着 当谓语动词是感观动词时，其形式是：谓语动词+sb. / sth.+ do / doing， 但用法有区别： 如：watch sb. do 观看某人做了某事 see sb. do 看见某人做了某事 watch sb. doing 观看某人正在做某事 see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事 hear sb. do 听见某人做了某事 find sb. do 发现某人做了某事 hear sb. doing 听见某人正在做某事 find sb. doing 发现某人正在做某事 真题展示 1. （2023·广州·语法选择）He was not fast enough ______ the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. A. get B. got C. getting D. to get 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他没有那么快的去拿到鸟妈妈带回来的虫子。 get得到，动词原形；got过去式；getting现在分词；to get不定式。Enough + to do“足够……去做某事”。故选D。 2. （2023·广州·语法选择）He practiced ______ his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. A. flap B. to flap C. flapping D. flapped 【答案】 【解析】句意：他练习拍打他的翅膀，并且它们变得越来越强壮了。 flap拍打，动词原形；to flap不定式；flapping现在分词；flapped过去式或过去分词。practiced doing sth“练习做某事”。故选C。 3. （2023·扬州）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A. join B. joining C. to join D. to joining 【答案】C 【解析】句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。 考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式，故选C。 4. （2023·天津）David learnt ________ when he was five. A. swim B. swims C. swam D. to swim 【答案】D 【解析】句意：大卫五岁时学习游泳。 考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth“学习做某事”，为固定短语，故选D。 重点句式 1.她没有待在家里反而上学去了。 She went to school instead of staying at home. 2. 他的第一面给她留下了好印象。 His first appearance made a good impression on her. 3. 使用肢体语言能够很好地表达自己。 Using body language can make us express ourselves well. 4. 交流不仅仅是说话。 Communicating is more than just speaking. 5. 她的肢体语言让人们感到受欢迎。 Her body language is making people feel welcome. 6. 西蒙决定去改进他的肢体语言。 Simon decided to improve his body language. 7. 它能让人更容易理解我们。 It can make people understand us better. 8. 肢体语言是如此有趣，以至于能让谈话变得更轻松。 Body language is so interesting that it can make our conversation easier. 9. 它能帮助我们给别人留下好印象。 It can help us make a good impression on others. 10. 我想我们应该改善我们的肢体语言。 I think we should improve our body language. Unit 3 Traditional skills 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点短语 1.剪纸 ：paper-cutting 2.六十多岁 ：over 60 years old 3.剪成 ：cut into 4.出发；动身 ：set off 5.起伏；上下波动 ：up and down 6.天黑后；黄昏后 ：after dark 7.（在某段时间内）一直；始终 ：all the time 8.阻止…… 做某事 ：stop…. from 9.准备好做某事：get ready for 10.愿意做某事：be willing to do 11.被…… 吸引：be attracted by 12.练习做某事 ：practise doing 13.擅长 ：be good at 语法精萃（与第四单元合起来讲解） 重点句式 1. 当他七岁时，他开始学剪纸。 When he was 7 years old, he began to learn paper cutting. 2. 李先生用他的手把纸变成漂亮的形状。 Mr Li uses his hands to turn the paper into beautiful shapes. 3. 剪纸只需要一些简单的工具。 Paper cutting only needs some simple tools 4. 我希望有一天我能学习剪纸。 Only some simple tools are required for paper cutting. 5. 中国有很多传统技艺。 There are many traditional skills in China. 6. 另外，我们可以知道不同地方的中国文化。 We can also know about cultures in different places of China. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 7. 然而，现在很少年轻的中国人擅长这些优良的传统技艺。 However, few young Chinese are good at these great traditional skills now. 8. 我们应该尽我们最大的努力去保护它们。 We should try our best to protect them. 9. 剪纸是青少年最受欢迎的传统技艺之一。 Paper cutting is one of the most popular traditional skills among teenagers。 10. 每个人都应该意识到保护传统技艺的重要性。 Everyone should realize the importance of protecting the traditional skills. 11. 在我看来，传统技艺应该被引进课堂。 In my opinion, traditional skills should be introduced into classes. 12. 总而言之，传统技艺将会越来越受欢迎。 In a word, traditional skills will be more and more popular. Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 重点短语 1.(眼睛) （因激动、惊奇）张大；睁大 (瞪起) ：pop out 2.确定一个主题 ：decide on a topic 3.同…… 比赛 ：play against 4.获得成功 ：make it 5.考虑：think of/about 6.和…… 相匹配：match with 7.对…… 满意 ：be pleased with 8.在 20 世纪 30 年代晚期：in the late 1930s 9.使某人陷入麻烦. ：get sb. into trouble 10.嘲笑 ：laugh at 11.尽力做某事 ：try to do 12.很多；许多 ：A number of 13.给…… 添加一些文字：add some words to 语法精萃 被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。本专题目的是要完全掌握被动语态的构成，能在语境中正确判断被动语态使用及时态变化。熟练掌握中考的考向及解题方法及思路。 被动语态在中考中一般以单项选择题，语法选择，选词填空，完成句子出现在中考的试卷中。各省市主要考查一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，含情态动词的被动语态。考查的难点就是要判断是否要使用被动语态，这是历来学生出错的地方。判断的方法就是掌握动作的执行者和承受着这一概念。 考向一：被动语态的定义 定义：①主语是动作的执行者（即某人做某事），叫主动语态。 ②主语是动作的承受着（即某事被做）叫被动语态。 🔺英语中只有两种语态，一种为主动语态，另外一种为被动语态。被动语态就相当于我们中文的被字句。 主动语态 被动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者，谓语的动作源自主语，而施加于宾语 表示主语是动作的承受者，主语是谓语动作的受动方 汉语往往用"把"等动词来表示 主动意义。 汉语往往用"被""受"等被动词来表示被动意义 。 直接使用动词原形作为谓语 基本形式：be + done 考向二：被动语态的构成 一般现在时 am \ is \ are + done 一般过去时 was \ were + done 一般将来时（带情态动词） will（情态动词）+ be + done 1.（2023·广州·语法选择）This little one ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet. A. called B. was calling C. was called D. were called 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这只小鸟被叫做小六。 called称呼，过去式；was calling正在叫；was called被叫做，主语是第一人称或单数；were called被叫做，主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little one”与“call”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数。故选C。 2. （2023·广州·完成句子） 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。 I hope one day my art works ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery. 【答案】will be shown 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，show表示“展出”，是动词，和主语之间是被动关系，结合“I hope one day”可知，句子应用一般将来时的被动语态：will be done。故填will；be；shown。 3. （2024·湖北鄂州） —What language ________ in Germany? —Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. A. speak B. is spoken C. is speaking D. speaks 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。 4. （2024·安徽）Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ________ into schools. A. introduce B. introduced C. are introduced D. were introduced 【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从计算机被引入学校以来，它们对学习方法产生了很大的影响。 考查时态和语态。since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主语“they”指代“Computers”，与谓语动词introduce“引进”之间是动宾关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态（were done）。故选D。 重点句式 1.首先，你需要对一个故事有一些基本的想法。 First, you need to have some basic ideas for a story. 2. 第二，想想你想要的角色和他们的样子。 Second, think about the characters you want and what they will look like. 3. 接下来，绘制详细的图片并添加颜色。 Next, draw detailed pictures and add colour. 4. 用计算机程序把这些图片拼在一起。 put the pictures together by using a computer program. 5. 最后，录制声音和音效。 Finally, record the voices and sound effects. Unit 5 -6 重点短语 Unit 5 1. 濒危动物 2. 在野生环境中 3. 照顾 4. 独自 5. 保持健康 6. 生育 7. 失去家园 8. 听说 9. 出生时 10. 纪念…… 11.其余的 12. 多于；超过 【答案】1.endangered animal 2.in the wild 3.take care of 4.on one’s own 5.stay healthy 6.give birth to 7. lose one’s home 8. hear of 9.at birth 10 in memory of 11.the rest of 12.more than Unit 6 1. 抱住某物 2. 照顾；照料 3. 一小部分 4. 更为重要的是 5. 无所事事地混日子 6. 阻止某人做某事 7. 对……忠诚的 8. 出于这些原因 9. 继续 10. 除了……别无选择 11.死于 12. 一直 【答案】1.hold sth. in one’s arms 2.care for 3.a small number 4.What’s more 5.lie around 6.keep sb. from doing sth. 7.(be) faithful to 8.for these reasons 9. keep on 10.have no choice but to do 11.die of 12.all the time 语法精萃 形容词和副词（归纳总结） 形容词是用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人的性质和特征的一类词，在句子中用作定语、表语、宾语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，在句子中作状语、表语、补语和定语。英语中的形容词和副词都有等级的变化。我们从中考题型分析可知，对于形容词与副词的语法能力考察集中于以下三点： （1）比较级 （2）最高级 （3）原级词义辨析 考向分析：中考对于形容词与副词的考察要求考生们： （1）掌握形容词作定语、表语、宾语补足语等的基本用法； （2）掌握形容词作定语时的位置，一般放在被修饰词前；但当修饰不定代词时要后置，如something interesting、someone beautiful等； （3）掌握形容词&副词的比较级、最高级的构成； （4）掌握形容词、副词表示比较的几种结构。 （5）掌握副词的定义、用法及分类 考向一：形容词的位置 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 nobody absent, everything possible alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等 the only person awake 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词 a bridge 50 meters long else修饰疑问词和不定代词时 what else，something else 考向二：形容与&副词的语法功能 1.形容词的语法功能 用法 位置 例句 注意 作定语 放在名词前 This is an interesting book. 作表语 放在系动词之后 The book is interesting. Leaves turn yellow You look very happy. 系动词主要有:be动词、三变化(turn ,get, become),五感官(feel, sound, look, smell, taste)以及keep和seem等。 作宾补 放在宾语后，常与keep，make，find，feel，think等动词连用 We should keep our classroom clean and tidy. What he said made me happy. 常用于下面的句型中： keep sth +adj. make sb+ adj. find/feel/think it+adj.to do sth 2.副词的用法 副词一般充当状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词,此外还可修饰整个句子, 副词一般放在行为动词或形容词后面，表程度或频率的副词一般放在动词前面。如 :It’s raining heavily now. It often rains in our hometown. 2.副词的分类 (1) 时间副词:ago, before, already, now, just, soon, then, yet, always, usually, often, sometimes, never, ever等。 (2)地点副词:here, there, in, out, back, home等。 (3)程度副词:very, much, only, quite, too, so, nearly, enough, hard, still等。 (4)疑问副词:when, where, how, why等。 (5)方式副词:quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly, strongly, badly, happily等。 考向三：形容与&副词比较级及最高级构成用法 （1） 形容词&副词比较级及最高级的变化规则 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词末尾加-er, -est small fast quick smaller faster quicker smallest fastest quickest 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加-r,-st nice fine nicer finer nicest finest 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i，再加-er,-est early happy earlier happier earliest happiest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单词，双写末尾的字母再加-er,-est red big thin redder bigger thinner reddest biggest thinnest 部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more, most interesting important more interesting more important most interesting most important 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)， well(健康的) better best bad(坏的)，ill(有病的) worse worst many，much(多的) more most little，few(小的，少的) less，fewer least，fewest far(远的) farther／further farthest／furthest old(年岁大的) older／elder oldest／eldest 考向四：形容与&副词比较级及最高级常用句式 句型 意义 例句 as＋形容词/副词原级＋as 两者比较，程度相同。“as…as” This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one. 如果形容词修饰单数可数名词，应用as＋形容词/副词原级＋a(n)＋可数名词单数形式＋as Tom is as good a person as his uncle. not as /so＋形容词/副词原级＋as 两者相比，一方不及另一方 I didn’t do my homework as carefully as you. 形容词/副词比较级+than 两者进行比较 The sun is bigger than the earth. She usually gets up earlier than others. 比较级＋and＋比较级 “越来越……”，多音节的用more and more＋形容词或副词原级 She is growing fatter and fatter. Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. the＋比较级， the＋比较级 “越……，越……”，如果“the＋比较级”修饰名词作定语，名词要紧跟在比较级之后 The busier the old man is, the happier he feels. The more money he gets, the more he wants. 具体数字(如倍数)+as… as … 是……的……倍 The city is two times as big as my hometown. 形容词最高级+介词短语(比较范围) (三者或三者以上)最…的 He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班里最高的男孩。 副词最高级+介词短语(比较范围) (三者或三者以上)最…的 He works hardest in his class. 他是班上学习最用功的一个。 · 比较级与much、a little 、little、even 、a lot等连用，可修饰程度。 （4）相关句型 1.“A+谓语动词+one of the+ 最高级+复数名词+in/of短语” “…是最…的之一” The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 2.“A+谓语动词+the+序数词+最高级+in/of短语” “…是第…最…的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3.too+ adj. / adv.（原级） +to do sth. ：太。。。以至于不能 4.so + adj. / adv.（原级）+ that :如此。。以至于 5.adj. / adv.（原级）+enough to do sth. ：足以能做某事 考向五：重点句式 A. It is+ adjective + for + noun / pronoun + to + verb 句型“It is + adjective +for somebody to do something”表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”。其中的形容词是对所做的事情进行描述，如difficult，easy，hard，important，necessary, dangerous, possible, convenient等。 B. adjective + enough + to + verb 句型“somebody / something + be + adjective + enough to do something”意思是“某人或某物足够……，可以做某事”。注意enough放在形容词后面，表示达到必要的程度 C. It is+ adjective + of + noun / pronoun + to + verb 句型“It is + adjective +of somebody to do something”的意思是“某人做某事真是太……了”。其中的形容词是对人的性格、品质进行描述，如kind，good，nice， clever，careless，polite，foolish等 1.（2023·武汉） —Mary is ________ about what she eats. She never has junk food. —A good habit. A. careful B. angry C. nervous D. relaxed 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——玛丽对吃什么很小心。她从不吃垃圾食品。——一个好习惯。 考查形容词辨析。careful小心的；angry生气的；nervous紧张的；relaxed放松的。根据“She never has junk food”可知她不吃垃圾食品，所以对自己吃的东西非常小心。故选A。 2.（2023·湖北荆州） —The girls are talking about the art festival _______. —Yes, they have so many fun things to share. A. suddenly B. sadly C. badly D. happily 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——这些女孩们正在快乐地谈论艺术节。——是的。她们有很多有趣的事情一起分享。 考查副词辨析。suddenly突然地；sadly难过地；badly严重地；happily开心地。根据“they have so many fun things to share”，可知她们应该很开心，故选D。 3. （2023·湖北荆州）—Could you tell us _______ we can start a conversation with a foreigner? —Talking about weather is a common way. A. when B. why C. where D. how 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我们怎样和外国人开始对话吗？——谈论天气是一种常见的方式。 考查疑问副词辨析。when何时；why为什么；where哪里；how如何。根据“Talking about weather is a common way.”可知，上文问的是如何开场打开话题，故选D。 4（2023·江苏扬州）Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much ________. A. good B. well C. better D. best 【答案】C 【解析】句意：慢煮似乎能更好地保持肉的味道。 考查比较级。根据空前“much”可知，much是修饰比较级的词，此处应用比较级形式，故选C。 二、 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.I work 　 　this term, but David works even 　 　.(hard)  2.The 　　 (many) books you read, the 　　 　(much) you will know.  3. Elon is the ________(tall) of the two students. 4. Amber is a careful girl so she does homework ___________(careful) in our class. 5. Who is ________(good) in English in your class? 6.Which do you like ________(well), apples, pears or bananas? 7. I feel math is _________________(difficult) of all the subjects. 8. I think Tom runs ________________(quick) in our class during the sports meeting. 9. He is _____________(quiet) boy in my class. He almost never talks. 10.Where you can buy the tickets ______________(cheap), Town Cinema, Green City or Movie World? 11. Who do you think works _____________(hard) in our class? 12．Nothing is a waste if you have a _________（create）mind. 13. Is Yellow River the fourth ________(long) river in the world? 14. I like Chinese better than math because it’ s much ________(easy) to learn. 15.I think Sally did as 　　 　(good) as Lucy in the math competition.  16.—Is Betty a good student? —Yes, she’s 　 　　 (hard-working) than any other student in her class.  17.It was cold yesterday, but it is much 　　 　(cold) today.  18.—Does Grace sing well? —Yes, she sings 　　 　　(clear) and 　 　　(loud) than other singers.  19.I am __________（true）sorry that I can’t tell you the result. 20.The _______(careful) you do, the ________(good) grades you’ll get. 【答案】1.hard harder 2.more more 3.taller 4.(the) most carefully 5.the best 6.best 7.the most difficult 8.most quickly 9.the quietest 10.the most cheaply 11.hardest 12.creative 13. Longest 14 easier 15.well 16.more hard-working 17.colder 18.more clearly more loudly 19.truly 20.more carefully better 重点句式 Unit 5 1.我们应该停止过度砍伐树木。 We should stop cutting down too many trees 2. 一些工厂仍在直接排放污物到空气或河流中。 Some factories are still pouring dirt directly into the air or rivers. 3. 我们应该建议人们不要捕杀野生动物。 We should advise people not to kill wild animals. 4. 我们对它们的保护很重要。 It is important for us to protect them. 5. 熊猫在野外通常以竹子为食。 Pandas in the wild usually eat bamboo. 6. 她太虚弱了以至于提不动她的箱子。 She is too weak to carry her box. 7. 它们不够强大以至于无法保护自己。 They are not strong enough to protect themselves. Unit 6 1. 养宠物狗是一个好主意。(keep pet dogs) Keeping pet dogs is a good idea. 2. ……看着它们长大是一件美好的事情。(it’s wonderful to do; grow up) … it’s wonderful to see them grow up. 3. 其次，我们可以通过饲养狗来培养责任感。(learn sth. from …) Second, we can learn responsibility from keeping dogs. 4. 据我妈妈所说，这样做能帮助我们成为更有责任心的人。 According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people. 5. 少量的宠物狗甚至会攻击人。(a small number of) A small number of pet dogs even attack people. 6.他的父母亲死于一场交通事故。 His parents died from a traffic accident. 7.骑自行车不仅能让我们锻炼身体，还对环境有利。 Riding bikes helps us exercise. In addition, it’s good for the environment. 8.这样做有很多原因。(reason for) There are lots of reasons for doing this. 9. 昨天糟糕的天气阻止了飞机准时降落。(keep … from doing) The bad weather yesterday kept the plane from landing on time. 10. 直到铃声响起，学生们才离开了教室。(not … until) The students didn’t leave the classroom until the bell rang. Units 7 -8 重点短语 Unit 7 1. 保持安静 2. 因为 3. 发出可怕的声音 4. 恐惧地 5. 拒绝做某事 6. 醒来 7.满意做某事 8. 尽快 9. 同意；赞成 10. 不同意 【答案】1.keep quiet 2.because of 3.make a terrible noise 4.in fear 5.refuse to do sth. 6.wake up 7. be pleased to do sth. 8.as soon as possible 9.agree with 10.disagree with Unit 8 1. 现在 2. 在前面 3. 在互联网上 4. ……的形状 5. 道歉 6. （使……与……）相混合 7. 片刻；瞬间 8. 准备 9. 收拾；整理 10.邮寄 11. 与……保持联系 12. 没做成某事 【答案】1.in the present 2.at the front 3.on the Internet 4.in the shape of 5.make apologies 6.mix...with... 7.in a second 8.prepare for 9.tidy up 10. by post 11.keep in touch with 12. fail to do sth. 语法精萃 A 原因状语从句 在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。 1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。 2 表示语气的强弱顺序是：because﹥since﹥as。 3 这些连词都不能和so连用。 4 当原因状语从句放于句首时，通常要用逗号与主句隔开。 引导词because 1 because强调明确直接的因果关系，回答“why”问题 She didn’t come to school because she was ill. 她没来上学是因为病了。 — Why was he angry? 他为什么生气？ — Because I was late. 因为我迟到了。 2 because从句可与for互换，但for是并列连词，连接的是并列句，并且在for前必须有逗号隔开。如： We must start early because it will take us 3 hours to drive there. 我们要早点出发，因为开车去那儿要3个小时。 = We must start early, for it will take us 3 hours to drive there. 引导词since 1 since表示明摆着的理由或原因，常译为“既然” Since you have finished your homework, you can take a rest. 既然你已完成了作业，那就休息一下吧。 2 since还可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来” We’ve known each other since we were children. 我们从孩提时代起就相识了。 引导词as 1 as语气最弱，表示附带说明的原因 2 as还可引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”、“随着……”。如： He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。 We get wiser as we get old. 随着年龄的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。 B because与 because of的区别 because和because of的意思都是“因为；由于”。 但because 是连词，其后接句子。because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。 She doesn’t go to school because she is ill. = She doesn’t go to school because of her illness. 她没来上学因为她生病了。 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时的构成： 肯定句形式：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词. 否定句形式：主语+was not(wasn’t)/were not(weren’t)+动词的现在分词. 一般疑问句形式：Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语+was not (wasn’t)/ were not (weren’t). 2. 过去进行时的基本用法： (1)过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：at that time/ moment, (at)this time yesterday(last night/ Sunday/week …), at+几点钟+yesterday(last night / Sunday …)，when sb. did sth. 等。 (2)when和while表示“当……的时候”时，when后面通常接短暂性动词的一般时态，while后面通常接持续性动词的进行时态。 重点句式 Unit 7 1.有两个女孩在河边画画。 There are two girls drawing by the river. 2.他告诉了我什么时候离开这儿。 He told me when to leave here. 3. 因为有这个职业理想，我将加倍努力学习。 I will work harder because of this ideal job. 4.由于这条街交通事故频发，所以你最好小心驾驶。 Because traffic accidents often happen in the street， you’d better drive carefully. 5.我很确定是汤姆拿走了你的语文书。 I am sure that Tom took away your Chinese book. 6. 恐怕在这个事情上我不同意你的意见。 I am afraid (that) I disagree with you on this matter. 7.我相信他说的话，但我不信任他这个人。 I believe him, but I don’t believe in him. 8.早上我经常听到她在公园里唱歌。 I often hear her sing in the park in the morning. 9.我永远都在减肥，因为我很容易长胖。 I'm forever on a diet, since I put on weight easily. 10.已经是早上7 :40了，我们必须尽快到达学校。 It’s already 7:40 a.m. We must get to school as soon as possible. Unit 8 1. 我曾经集了很多邮票。 I used to collect a lot of stamps. 2. 我最喜欢的爱好是看书。 My favourite hobby is reading books. 3. 我更喜欢一个人读书。 I prefer to read by myself. 4. 我喜欢阅读是因为它帮助我更多地认识这个世界。 I like reading because it helps me learn more about the world. 5. 我将来想当一名作家。 I would like to be a writer in the future. 6.当我回到家的时候，妈妈正在做晚餐。 When I got home, my mother was cooking dinner. 7.我曾经不常早起，但现在我习惯了早睡早起。 I didn’t use to get up early, but now I’m used to going to bed early and getting up early. 8. 她吃晚饭，我看电视。 I was watching TV while she was having supper. 9. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 I spent two hours on this Maths problem. 10. 当她独自一个人的时候，她会感到孤独 She will feel lonely when she is alone. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$