名词（1)-知识点训练卷 山东省2026年春季高考《英语考纲百套卷》第1卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本卷严格依据《山东省春季高考英语考试大纲》要求，结合中职英语教学实际，聚焦名词核心考点，对接历年真题编写及春考命题方向，旨在帮助学生系统掌握名词知识体系，强化语法运用能力。 使用建议：基础篇用于课堂随堂检测；提升篇作为课后拓展训练备考策略：建立错题档案（特别关注第16题photo复数）；制作思维导图梳理名词子系统命题参考：保持70%基础题+30%创新题的组卷结构，延续“一题多考点”命题思路（如第4题词义辨析+介词搭配） 山东省2026年春季高考《英语考纲百套卷》第1卷 知识点训练卷·名词（1） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：40分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 基础篇 英语知识运用：本题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 1．Steps have been taken to prevent a similar ________ happening again. A．ability B．accident C．attention D．assistant 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：已经采取措施防止类似的事故再次发生。A. ability能力；B. accident事故；C. attention注意；D. assistant助手。根据“Steps have been taken to prevent”可知，此处表示“已经采取措施防止类似的事故再次发生”，所以B选项符合题意。故选B。 2． How many _______ are there in your city? A．Germen B．Japaneses C．Frenchman D．Americans 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词复数形式。句意：你们城市里有多少美国人？A. Germen德国人，错误形式，复数为Germans；B. Japaneses日本人，错误形式，单复数同形都是Japanese；C. Frenchman法国人，单数形式；D. Americans美国人，复数形式。根据“many”可知，空处需要可数名词复数形式，选项中只有“Americans”符合题意。故选D。 3．—What would you like to drink, Sir? —I’d like ________, please. A．two bottles of orange juices B．two bottles of orange juice C．two bottle of orange juices D．two bottle of orange juice 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词单复数和不可数名词。句意：—先生，您想喝点什么？—我想要两瓶橙汁。orange juice (橙汁)为不可数名词，所以不能变复数；bottle：瓶子，可数名词，前面有数词two，所以要用复数形式bottles，不可数名词要计数的话，要使用“a/an或基数词+量词+ of+不可数名词”表达，“两瓶橙汁”可表达为“two bottles of orange juice”。故选B。 4．—I like reading this novel by Charlotte. The stories are so touching! —Me, too. I think her experience as a teacher has a direct ________ on her work. A．progress B．introduction C．treat D．influence 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：—我喜欢读夏洛蒂的这本小说。这些故事太感人了！—我也是。我认为她的教师经历对她的工作有直接的影响。A. progress进步；B. introduction介绍；C. treat款待；D. influence影响。根据“I think her experience as a teacher has a direct … on her work.”可知，此处指教师经历对工作有直接的“影响”。故选D。 5．If everyone has the ________ to face all kinds of difficulties, nothing is impossible. A．honor B．chances C．courage D．reasons 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：如果每个人都有勇气面对各种困难，没有什么是不可能的。A. honor荣誉；B. chances机会；C. courage勇气；D. reasons理由。根据空后“to face all kinds of difficulties”可知，应是有勇气面对各种困难。故选C。 6．I’m too tired. Let’s have a few ________ rest. A．minutes B．minute’s C．minutes’ D．minute 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：我太累了。让我们休息几分钟吧。“a few”表示“一些”，修饰可数名词复数，“minute”的复数是 “minutes”；这里表示“几分钟的休息”，需要用名词所有格形式；又以“s”结尾的名词所有格，直接在后面加“’”即可，所以是“a few minutes’”。故选C。 7．Look! Two _________ are talking happily under the apple tree. A．man teacher B．man teachers C．men teacher D．men teachers 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：看！两位男教师高兴地在苹果树下交谈呢。当man或woman与其他名词构成复合名词时，变复数时两个词都要变成复数形式。这里“男老师”是“man teacher”，其复数形式应该是“men teachers”。根据句中的“two”可知，此处指的是“两位男教师”，所以是“men teachers”。故选D。 8．He told me he should have been more careful but it would make no _________. A．difference B．different C．differ D．differently 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：他告诉我他本应该更小心些，但这根本没起作用。A. difference差异，不同（名词）；B. different不同的（形容词）；C. differ不同于（动词）；D. differently不同地（副词）。“make no difference”为固定短语，意为“没有影响；不起作用”。故选A。 9．—It’s dangerous to smoke in the workplace. —That’s true. It can increase the ______ of fire. A．advantage B．stress C．safety D．risk 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：—在车间吸烟很危险。 —那是对的。它会增加火灾的风险。A. advantage优势；B. stress压力；C. safety安全；D. risk风险。吸烟会增加火灾发生的概率和危险性。故选D。 10．— Are these books ________? — No, they aren’t ________. They are ________. A．your; yours; Mary’s B．yours; mine; Mary’s C．mine; mine; yours D．mine; yours; your 【答案】B 【解析】考查物主代词和名词所有格辨析。句意：——这些书是你的吗？——不，不是我的。是玛丽的。your：你的，形容词性物主代词；yours：你的，名词性物主代词；mine：我的，名词性物主代词；Mary’s：玛丽的，名词所有格。分析句子可知，第一空，空后无名词，表“你的书”，需用名词性物主代词yours，相当于your books。第二空，空后无名词，表“我的书”，需用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my books。第三空，空后无名词，表“玛丽的书”，需用名词所有格Mary’s，相当于Mary’s books。故选B。 11．If you want to know the exact ________ of the word, you’d better look it up in a dictionary. A．mean B．meaning C．meaningful D．meaningless 【答案】B 【解析】考查词性辨析。句意：如果你想知道这个词的确切意思，你最好查字典。mean动词，意味着；meaning名词，含义；meaningful形容词，有意义的；meaningless形容词，无意义的。空格前有形容词exact，后接介词短语of the word，因此空格处需要填入一个名词，作动词know的宾语。故选B。 12．— How far is it from the school to your home? — It’s about ________. A．10 minutes ride B．10 minute ride C．10 minute’s ride D．10 minutes’ ride 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：—从学校到你家有多远？—大约十分钟骑车的路程。分析句子可知，此处表示车程，当用时间名词（如 minutes）修饰另一个名词（如 ride）时，需用所有格形式（’s）；“十分钟骑车的路程”应表达为“10 minutes’ ride”。故选D。 13．________ useful information you gave me! Thank you very much. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【解析】考查感叹句和不可数名词。句意：你给了我多有用的信息啊！十分感谢你。分析句子可知，这是一个感叹句，被感叹部分“useful information”，是不可数名词短语，前面不能加“a”；根据感叹句句型“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！”可知，该句应用what引导。故选A。 14．_______ the teachers in their school is about 200 and _______ them are women teachers. A．A number of; the number of B．A number of; a number of C．The number of; a number of D．The number of; the number of 【答案】C 【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：他们学校教师的数量大约是 200 人，其中许多是女教师。“the number of + 复数名词”表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；“a number of + 复数名词” 表示“许多”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。第一空后的谓语“is”是单数，结合“about 200” 可知是说教师的数量，用“the number of”；第二空后的谓语“are”是复数，结合语境是说许多是女教师，用“a number of”。故选C。 15．We’ re looking for the tour guides who are skilled in communication and ________. A．operation B．organization C．onion D．opinion 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在寻找擅长沟通和组织的导游。A. operation操作；B. organization组织；C. onion洋葱；D. opinion观点。根据“We’ re looking for the tour guides ... ”可知，导游的特长是擅长沟通和“组织”。故选B。 16．There are plenty of ________ in the park. They are taking ________. A．passer-bys; photos B．passers-by; photos C．passer-bys; photoes D．passers-by; photoes 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：公园里有许多过路人。他们正在拍照。第一空，plenty of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词时，名词要用复数形式，passer-by“路人”是一个复合词，变复数时，把中心词passer变为复数即可，故用passers-by；第二空，名词photo变复数，直接在结尾加s，故用photos。故选B。 17．The workers are asked to read the ________ carefully before they start using the machine. A．instructs B．instructors C．instructions D．instructive 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：工人们被要求在开始使用机器前仔细阅读操作说明。A. instructs指示，命令（动词）；B. instructors教练，导师（名词）；C. instructions操作指南，用法说明（名词）；D. instructive有教育意义的（形容词）。根据“the”可知，空处需要名词作“read”的宾语；根据句意可知，此处是指“仔细阅读操作说明”。故选C。 18．— Do you know why zebra fish are taken to Shenzhou-18? — They have ________ like small size and short development cycle. A．stages B．advantages C．messages D．passages 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意： —你知道为什么斑马鱼会被带到神舟十八号上吗？—它们具有诸如体积小和发育周期短的优势。A. stages阶段；B. advantages优势；C. messages消息；D. passages通道。根据“small size and short development cycle”和常识可知，小尺寸和短发育周期是斑马鱼的优势所在。故选B。 19．—Keep things clean and organized! It can provide a safer ________. —My thoughts exactly. We should obey the rules in the lab. A．system B．method C．service D．environment 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：—保持干净有序！它可以提供一个更安全的环境。—正是我的想法。我们应该遵守实验室的规则。A. system制度，体制；B. method方法；C. service服务；D. environment环境。根据“Keep things clean and organized! ”可知，说话人让实验室保持干净有序，这有利于提供一个更安全的环境。故选D。 20．The ________ of the meeting is to help community residents achieve better communication. A．position B．progress C．period D．purpose 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词的辨析。句意：会议的目的是帮助社区居民实现更好的沟通。A. position位置，职位；B. progress进步；C. period期间；D. purpose目的。“帮助社区居民实现更好的沟通”是本次会议的“目的”。故选D。 21．—Where are you going to spend your summer holiday, Jenny? —I haven’t made a ______ yet. I’m going to talk about it with my family tomorrow. A．journey B．promise C．decision D．suggestion 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：—珍妮，你打算去哪里过暑假？—我还没有决定。我明天和我的家人讨论一下。A. journey旅行；B. promise承诺；C. decision决定；D. suggestion建议。根据句意可知，“我”还没有决定去哪里过暑假，要和家人先讨论一下，make a decision表示“做决定”，符合语境。故选C。 22．For your own ________, please make sure to obey the traffic lights. A．safety B．safe C．safely D．unsafe 【答案】A 【解析】考查词性及词义辨析。句意：为了你自身的安全，请务必遵守交通信号灯。A. safety安全，是名词；B. safe安全的，是形容词；C. safely安全地，是副词；D. unsafe不安全的，是形容词。本句中own是形容词，应修饰名词。故选A。 23．— We are proud of these doctors and nurses! — Really. Their ______ in medicine are recognized by the whole world. A．arrangements B．movements C．achievements D．treatments 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：—我们为这些医生和护士感到自豪。—是啊。他们在医学方面的成就得到了全世界的认可。A. arrangements安排；B. movements运动；C. achievements成就；D. treatments处理。根据句意可知，这些医生和护士在医学方面的成就得到了全世界的认可。故选C。 24．As a patient, you should listen to the doctor’s ________ and act on it. A．notice B．talk C．advice D．solution 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：作为患者，你应该听从医生的建议并采取行动。A. notice通知；B. talk谈话；C. advice建议；D. solution解决方案。根据句意可知，此处表示听从医生的“建议”并采取行动。故选C。 25．At the beginning of his first class, Mr. Wang gave us a general __________ about chemistry. A．attention B．conversation C．direction D．introduction 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：在第一节课开始时，王老师给我们做了一个化学的整体介绍。A. attention注意；B. conversation对话；C. direction方向；C. introduction介绍。根据句意可知，在第一节课开始时，老师给我们整体介绍了化学。故选D。 26．—It’s reported that Leishenshan Hospital was built in 2 weeks. —How amazing it is! It shows China’s __________ to the world. A．price B．speed C．space D．service 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：—据报道雷神山医院在两周内就建成了。—多么令人吃惊啊！它向世界展示了中国速度。A. price价格；B. speed速度；C. space空间；D. service服务。根据句意可知，雷神山医院在很短时间内就建成了，所以是展示中国速度，故选B。 27．The fans shouted with __________ when they saw the famous singer. A．exciting B．excited C．excite D．excitement 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。句意：当他们看到著名歌手时，粉丝们兴奋地大喊。A. exciting令人兴奋的（形容词）；B. excited兴奋的（形容词）；C. excite激发（动词）；D. excitement兴奋（名词）。“with excitement”表示“兴奋地”。故选D。 28．In recent years, young Chinese people have shown a sense of national ________ for our country’s great achievements. A．pride B．symbol C．influence D．spirit 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：近年来，中国年轻人对我们国家的伟大成就表现出了民族自豪感。A. pride自豪；B. symbol象征；C. influence影响；D. spirit精神。根据“our country’s great achievements”可知，国家有伟大成就，年轻人应是有民族自豪感。故选A。 29．— What does Betty like for supper? — She likes some ________ for supper. A．eggs B．apple C．tomato D．potato 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：—贝蒂晚饭喜欢吃什么？—她晚饭喜欢吃一些鸡蛋。A. eggs鸡蛋；B. apple苹果；C. tomato西红柿；D. potato土豆。在这个句子中，前面有“some”这个词，所以后面的可数名词需要用复数形式。故选A项。 30．—Would you please come to my birthday party tonight? —Thanks for your ________. I’ll be there on time. A．tradition B．transportation C．invitation D．information 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：—今晚上你能参加我的生日派对吗？—谢谢你的邀请。我会按时到的。A. tradition传统；B. transportation运输；C. invitation邀请；D. information信息。根据“Would you please come to my birthday party tonight?”可知，此处是生日派对邀请。故选C。 提升篇 基础篇 英语知识运用：本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 1．—I feel very thirsty and hungry after a long walk. —Would you like some ________ and ________? A．apple juice; sandwich B．apple juices; sandwiches C．apple juices; sandwich D．apple juice; sandwiches 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：—长途步行之后，我感到又渴又饿。—您想要一些苹果汁和三明治吗？。juice意为“果汁”，是不可数名词，apple作定语时修饰名词juice须用名词原形；sandwich意为“三明治”，是可数名词，前面有some修饰，要用其复数形式。故选D。 2．—Excuse me. Could you tell me where Fancy Restaurant is? —It is not far from here. It’s about ________. A．10 minute’s walk B．10 minute walk C．10-minute’s walk D．10 minutes’ walk 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：—打扰一下。你能告诉我“花样餐厅”在哪里吗？—它离这儿不远。大约十分钟的步行路程。分析句子可知，此处表示“十分钟的步行路程”，可以用“10 minutes’ walk”来表达，其中“10 minutes’”是名词短语“10 minutes”的所有格形式，意为“十分钟的”，作定语，修饰名词“walk”；名词minute，意为“分钟”，为可数名词，此处表示复数概念，用复数形式；若用复合形容词作定语，正确表达应为“10-minute walk”。故选D。 3．Few laws are so __________ that you can see results just days after they take __________. A．effect; effect B．efficient; efficient C．efficient; efficiency D．effective; effect 【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意：很少有法规是如此高效的，以至于你在它生效的第二天就能看到成果。effect影响，效果，名词；efficient起效的，有效率的，形容词；efficiency效率，名词；effective起作用的，有效的，形容词。分析句子可知，副词“so”应后接形容词或副词作表语，表示“如此有效”，用effective；take effect意为“生效，起效”，名词effect作宾语。故选D。 4．Ben said he had a ________. He ________ travel to a foreign country. A．planning, planned to B．plan, planned to C．planned, planned to D．plan, plan to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：本说他有一个_______。他________到一个外国去旅游。 考查名词和动词时态。plan作名词，意为计划；作动词时，后面跟动词不定式作宾语，意为“计划做某事”。根据第一句是一般过去时，可知第二句用一般过去时planned to，故选B。 5． The company（公司）is so famous that ________ people want to work there. But only ________ the applicants（申请者）will be employed（雇佣）. A．thousands of; hundreds of B．thousands; hundreds of C．thousands of; two hundred D．thousands of; two hundred of 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这家公司太有名了，成千上万的人想在那里工作。但是只有两百名申请者会被录用。 考查大数表达法。具体数+thousand，thousands of+名词复数，根据表达法及空一后people可排除选项B，根据空二后“the applicants”可知，此处是of名词所有格形式，所以用two...of the+名词复数，表达申请者之中的人，排除选项A和C。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：本卷严格依据《山东省春季高考英语考试大纲》要求，结合中职英语教学实际，聚焦名词核心考点，对接历年真题编写及春考命题方向，旨在帮助学生系统掌握名词知识体系，强化语法运用能力。 使用建议：基础篇用于课堂随堂检测；提升篇作为课后拓展训练备考策略：建立错题档案（特别关注第16题photo复数）；制作思维导图梳理名词子系统命题参考：保持70%基础题+30%创新题的组卷结构，延续“一题多考点”命题思路（如第4题词义辨析+介词搭配） 山东省2026年春季高考《英语考纲百套卷》第1卷 知识点训练卷·名词（1） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：40分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 基础篇 英语知识运用：本题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 1．Steps have been taken to prevent a similar ________ happening again. A．ability B．accident C．attention D．assistant 2．How many _______ are there in your city? A．Germen B．Japaneses C．Frenchman D．Americans 3．—What would you like to drink, Sir? —I’d like ________, please. A．two bottles of orange juices B．two bottles of orange juice C．two bottle of orange juices D．two bottle of orange juice 4．—I like reading this novel by Charlotte. The stories are so touching! —Me, too. I think her experience as a teacher has a direct ________ on her work. A．progress B．introduction C．treat D．influence 5．If everyone has the ________ to face all kinds of difficulties, nothing is impossible. A．honor B．chances C．courage D．reasons 6．I’m too tired. Let’s have a few ________ rest. A．minutes B．minute’s C．minutes’ D．minute 7．Look! Two _________ are talking happily under the apple tree. A．man teacher B．man teachers C．men teacher D．men teachers 8．He told me he should have been more careful but it would make no _________. A．difference B．different C．differ D．differently 9．—It’s dangerous to smoke in the workplace. —That’s true. It can increase the ______ of fire. A．advantage B．stress C．safety D．risk 10．— Are these books ________? — No, they aren’t ________. They are ________. A．your; yours; Mary’s B．yours; mine; Mary’s C．mine; mine; yours D．mine; yours; your 11．If you want to know the exact ________ of the word, you’d better look it up in a dictionary. A．mean B．meaning C．meaningful D．meaningless 12．— How far is it from the school to your home? — It’s about ________. A．10 minutes ride B．10 minute ride C．10 minute’s ride D．10 minutes’ ride 13．________ useful information you gave me! Thank you very much. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 14．_______ the teachers in their school is about 200 and _______ them are women teachers. A．A number of; the number of B．A number of; a number of C．The number of; a number of D．The number of; the number of 15．We’ re looking for the tour guides who are skilled in communication and ________. A．operation B．organization C．onion D．opinion 16．There are plenty of ________ in the park. They are taking ________. A．passer-bys; photos B．passers-by; photos C．passer-bys; photoes D．passers-by; photoes 17．The workers are asked to read the ________ carefully before they start using the machine. A．instructs B．instructors C．instructions D．instructive 18．— Do you know why zebra fish are taken to Shenzhou-18? — They have ________ like small size and short development cycle. A．stages B．advantages C．messages D．passages 19．—Keep things clean and organized! It can provide a safer ________. —My thoughts exactly. We should obey the rules in the lab. A．system B．method C．service D．environment 20．The ________ of the meeting is to help community residents achieve better communication. A．position B．progress C．period D．purpose 21．—Where are you going to spend your summer holiday, Jenny? —I haven’t made a ______ yet. I’m going to talk about it with my family tomorrow. A．journey B．promise C．decision D．suggestion 22．For your own ________, please make sure to obey the traffic lights. A．safety B．safe C．safely D．unsafe 23．— We are proud of these doctors and nurses! — Really. Their ______ in medicine are recognized by the whole world. A．arrangements B．movements C．achievements D．treatments 24．As a patient, you should listen to the doctor’s ________ and act on it. A．notice B．talk C．advice D．solution 25．At the beginning of his first class, Mr. Wang gave us a general __________ about chemistry. A．attention B．conversation C．direction D．introduction 26．—It’s reported that Leishenshan Hospital was built in 2 weeks. —How amazing it is! It shows China’s __________ to the world. A．price B．speed C．space D．service 27．The fans shouted with __________ when they saw the famous singer. A．exciting B．excited C．excite D．excitement 28．In recent years, young Chinese people have shown a sense of national ________ for our country’s great achievements. A．pride B．symbol C．influence D．spirit 29．— What does Betty like for supper? — She likes some ________ for supper. A．eggs B．apple C．tomato D．potato 30．—Would you please come to my birthday party tonight? —Thanks for your ________. I’ll be there on time. A．tradition B．transportation C．invitation D．information 提升篇 基础篇 英语知识运用：本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 1．—I feel very thirsty and hungry after a long walk. —Would you like some ________ and ________? A．apple juice; sandwich B．apple juices; sandwiches C．apple juices; sandwich D．apple juice; sandwiches 2．—Excuse me. Could you tell me where Fancy Restaurant is? —It is not far from here. It’s about ________. A．10 minute’s walk B．10 minute walk C．10-minute’s walk D．10 minutes’ walk 3．Few laws are so __________ that you can see results just days after they take __________. A．effect; effect B．efficient; efficient C．efficient; efficiency D．effective; effect 4．Ben said he had a ________. He ________ travel to a foreign country. A．planning, planned to B．plan, planned to C．planned, planned to D．plan, plan to 5．The company（公司）is so famous that ________ people want to work there. But only ________ the applicants（申请者）will be employed（雇佣）. A．thousands of; hundreds of B．thousands; hundreds of C．thousands of; two hundred D．thousands of; two hundred of 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$