小升初分类复习 情态动词讲义及练习(讲义)-2024-2025学年人教PEP版(2012)英语六年级下册

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【人教PEP版英语六年级下册】

小升初分类复习——情态动词讲义及练习


一、情态动词的基本特点

Ⅰ. 必须与动词原形连用

情态动词后直接跟动词原形,不加to。

例:She can swim very well.(不能说She can to swim)

例:You must finish your homework first.

Ⅱ. 没有人称和数的变化

无论主语是第几人称,情态动词形式不变。

例:He can play football.(不能说He cans play football)

例:They should arrive on time.

Ⅲ. 疑问句和否定句不需要助动词

疑问句直接提前情态动词,否定句直接在情态动词后加not。

例:Can you help me?(不能说Do you can help me?)

例:You should not eat too much candy.

二、重点情态动词用法

Ⅰ. can / could(能力、请求、可能性)

①表示能力(can现在能力,could过去能力)

例:I can ride a bike.

例:When I was five, I could read simple books.

②表示请求(could比can更礼貌)

例:Can I borrow your pen?page number 0


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例:Could you open the window, please?

③表示可能性(can表示理论可能,could表示委婉猜测)

例:It can be very cold in winter.

例:That could be Tom’s bag.

Ⅱ. must(必须、禁止、肯定推测)

①表示必须(主观要求或规则)

例:You must wear a seatbelt in the car.

例:Must I hand in the report today?

②表示禁止(must not = mustn't)

例:You must not talk during the exam.

③表示肯定推测(must be 一定是)

例:The lights are on. He must be at home.

Ⅲ. should(建议、责任、责备)

①表示建议或责任

例:You should drink more water when you’re sick.

例:We should protect the environment.

②表示责备(should not = shouldn't)

例:You shouldn’t stay up too late.

Ⅳ. may(请求许可、可能性)

①表示请求许可(比can更正式)

例:May I leave early today?

例:You may go now.page number 1

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②表示可能性(比might更肯定)

例:It may rain later.

三、易混情态动词辨析(must vs. have to / can vs. be able to)

Ⅰ. have to(必须,不得不)

①基本用法:表示客观上的“必须”(外部规则、客观要求)

例:I have to wear a uniform at school.(校规要求)

例:She has to finish her work by 5 PM.(老板要求)

②否定形式(don’t have to = 不必)

例:You don’t have to bring food. We’ll provide it.(不需要带)

③疑问形式(用助动词do/does)

例:Do I have to attend the meeting?

例:Why does he have to leave early?

④与must的区别

 

must

have to

语气

主观(个人决定)

客观(外部要求)

例句

I must exercise.(自觉)

I have to take medicine.(医生要求)

否定

mustn’t(禁止)

don’t have to(不必)

Ⅱ. be able to(能够)

①基本用法:表示能力(可替代can,但能用于更多时态)

现在:She is able to solve the problem.(= can solve)

过去:He was able to swim across the river.(= could swim)

将来:They will be able to join us tomorrow.(不能用can)page number 2

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