知识清单03 教材知识梳理（Units 7～8）-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（冀教版）

Units 7-8 考点一 population 的用法 【教材原句】Recently, we have learned about the population of the world. 最近，我们了解了世界人口的情况。 单 词 含义及用法 population 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。表示“有多少人口时”，一 般说“have a population of...”或“the population of...is...”。 但当其前面有分数或百分数等词修饰时，表示集体中的一部分人，此时谓语动词通常用复数形式。 表示人口“多”或“少”用 large/small 修饰，不用 many 或 few。 提问人口多少常用的句型为“What’s the population of...?”或“How large is the population of...?”。 1．—________ the population of your town? —About 30,000. A．What’s B．How much is C．How many are D．How is 2．The population of the world will be a ________ number in 2030. A．wild B．long C．huge D．thin 3．The city is on ________ River Thames and has ________ population of about 7,500,000. A．the; a B．/; a C．the; the 4．—________ is the population of the city? —About two million. A．How much B．What C．How many 5．— What’s ________ population of China? — It has ________ population of about 1.4 billion. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; a 6．—Excuse me, ________ is the population of China? —It’s over 1.4 billion. A．what B．how much C．how many 考点二 have been to, have gone to 与 have been in 【教材原句】Have you been to any other countries in Asia? 你曾经去过亚洲的其他国家吗？ 短 语 含义及用法 have been to 意为“去过某地”（现在已经回来了），常与 ever, never, twice 等词连用。 have gone to 意为“去某地了”（人不在说话现场），一般用于第三人称。 have been in 意为“在某地待了多久”（强调从过去到现在一直待在某地），通常与一段时间连用。 注意 当 have been to, have gone to 与 have been in 后跟某些地点副词，如 here, there 和 home 等词时，介词 to, in 要省略。 1．—Mr.Liu, have you ever ________ abroad? —Yes, I ________ Singapore last week. A．been; been to B．gone; been in C．been; gone to D．been; went to 2．My father _______ Shanghai for half a year, but I have never ________ the city. A．has gone to; gone to B．has gone to; been in C．have been in; been to D．has been in; been to 3．—The toilet museum is the most interesting museum I ________ before. —Yes, it’s very interesting. I ________ there last weekend. A．have been to; went B．have gone to; have been to C．have been to; have been D．have gone to; went 4．—My sister ________ Wuxi to see cherry blossoms (樱花). —Wuxi is a beautiful city. I ________ there twice. A．has gone to; have gone B．has been to; have been C．has gone to; have been D．has been to; have gone 5．—The Whites have ________ Macao on vacation. They’ll stay there for a week. —Oh, really? I have never ________ there. A．gone to; been B．gone to; been to C．been to; gone 6．—I can’t find Betty now. —Oh, she with her friends ________ the park to have a picnic. A．has been to B．have gone to C．has gone to D．have been to 考点三 finish 的用法 【教材原句】We would finish cleaning in an hour! 我们将在一小时内完成清洁工作！ finish 为动词，意为“完成；做好”，后常接名词或动名词。 如： When can you finish (doing) the work? 你何时能完成这项工作？ 拓展 后接动名词作宾语的动词（结构）还有：enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；mind doing sth. 介意做某事；practice doing sth.练习做某事。 1．Why don’t you ________ your teacher for help when you can’t finish ________ the story on your own? A．asking; to write B．to ask; writing C．ask; writing D．to ask; write 2．—Did Tina finish her job? —I don’t know. But I think she will give me a call if she ________ her job. A．finished B．finishes C．is finishing D．will finish 3．—Can you come to my birthday party tonight? —Yes, I’d love to. But I have to finish ________ my English homework first. A．doing B．to do C．does 4．My friend Tina enjoys ________ to me. She’s my good ________. A．listening; listener B．listening; listening C．listen; listener 5．—It’s said that the wide place near your office is used to ________ cars. —Yes, so you can avoid ________ your car in the faraway place. A．park; to park B．parking; parking C．park; parking 6．—It’s so hot here. Do you mind ________ the window? —________. I will do it right now. A．to close, Yes, please B．to open, Better not C．opening, Of course not D．closing, I hope so 7．— I’m considering ________ abroad for further study, but I haven’t decided yet. — You’d better ask your English teacher for some advice. A．going B．to go C．going to 考点四 die, dead, dying 与 death 【教材原句】If the birds eat the sick or dead fish, they may die off. 如果鸟儿吃了生病或者死亡的鱼，它们可能会相继死去。 单 词 含义及用法 例 句 die (v.) “死；死亡；去世”，是非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 His grandfather died last week. 上周他爷爷去世了。 dead (adj.) “死的；无生命的”，表示状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，常用作表语或定语。如果表达“死了多长时间”可以用“have/ has been dead for+时间段”或“died + 时间段+ago”。 His father has been dead for two years.(=His father died two years ago.) 他父亲已经去世两年了。（=两年前他父亲去世了。 ） dying (adj.) “垂死的 ；奄奄一息的”，die 的现在分词，用作定语。 This is a dying bird.这是一只垂死的鸟。 death (n.) “死；死亡”。 Because death is everywhere, life is valuable. 因为死亡无处不在，所以生命才可贵。 1．I can’t believe my ears. Mr Smith was quite well when I saw him last summer. How long ________ he ________? A．did; die B．was; dead C．was; dying D．has; been dead 2．—How long _______ my pet fish _______, Mum? —I’m not quite sure. A．did; die B．has; died C．has; been dead D．was; dead 3．—The flowers are ________. Let’s water them at once, or they will ______. —You’re right. A．died, dead B．dead, die C．dying, die 4．—When did the old man die? —In 2011. He _________ for nearly ten years. A．died B．has died C．is dead D．has been dead 5．—How long _______ his grandpa __________? —________ two years ago. A．did; die; Since B．has; been dead; For C．did; die; For D．has; been dead; Since 6．How long ______your grandma_________? A．has; died B．has; been dead C．did; die D．did; dead 考点五 in the end, at the end of 与 by the end of 【教材原句】By the way, some Canadians use the word“eh” at the end of their sentences. 顺便说一下，一些加拿大人在他们的句尾使用“eh”。 词 组 含义及用法 in the end 意为“最后；终于”，相当于 at last/ finally，后面不接 of 短语。 at the end of 意为“在……的尽头；在……末端”，后接时间或地点名词。 by the end of 意为“到……末”，后接名词，常与一般将来时或过去完成时连用。 1．—Did you have a good time during the school trip yesterday? —Yes. At first, it was rainy. But ________, the sun came out ________. A．luckily; in the end B．lucky; at the end C．luck; by the end 2．—He tried his best to work out the math problem. ________, he succeeded. —Yes. So we should never give up. A．At the end B．In the end C．By the end 3．All the students need to clean the school carefully ________ the school year before starting their first class. A．in the beginning B．at the beginning of C．at the end of D．in the end 4． Finally, I finished the job on time. A．At first B．In the end C．Quickly 5．There is a shop ________ the street. A．in the end B．at the end C．at the end of 考点六 be covered with 的用法 【教材原句】Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. 南极洲终年被冰雪覆盖。 be covered with 意为“被……覆盖”，为系表结构，强调事物的状态。 如： Look! The tops of the mountains are covered with snow all year round. 看！这些山的山顶终年被积雪覆盖。 拓展 cover... with... 意为“用……覆盖……；用……遮盖住……”。 1．I believe that those mountains_________ with trees in a few years. A．are covered B．will be covered C．are covering D．will cover 2．—The box is very heavy. What’s in it? —Oh, it ________ chocolate. A．is filled with B．is covered with C．is made of D．is used for 3．Most of the earth’s surface ________with water. A．is covered B．covers C．is grown D．grows 4．The land is covered ________ snow. A．in B．on C．with D．for 5．In the New Year, I hope your life will ____________ happiness and good luck. A．be covered with B．be strict with C．be pleased with D．be filled with 6．Many topics ________ in the course, ________ food and drinks, travel and hotels. A．cover；include B．are covered；including C．covers；including D．are covered；include 7．The mountains ________ with trees in a few years. A．are covered B．are covering C．will cover D．will be covered 考点七 draw one’s attention 【教材原句】It’s a special day to draw people’s attention to the environment. 这是引起人们关注环境的特殊日子。 attention 作名词，意为“注意；留心”。draw one’s attention 意为“引起某人的注意”，相当于 catch one’s attention。 拓展 pay attention to 意为“注意”，其中 to 是介词，后面可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或宾语从句等。 1．To draw ________ attention, the boy made faces. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 2．—The actress ________ on many television programs after she won the Magnolia Award.   — Yes, famous people always draw the public’s attention. A．followed B．appeared C．agreed D．developed 3．—Bob, please ________ your spelling. You’ve dropped the “d” in the word “knowledge”. —Oh, yes. I’ll be more careful next time. A．listen to B．look forward to C．pay attention to D．look after 4．Jim didn’t feel well so he decided not to ________ the singing competition. A．look forward to B．pay attention to C．take care of D．take part in 考点八 waste 的用法 【教材原句】Did you know that a leaky toilet can waste 20 to 40 litres of water an hour? 你知道一个漏水的马桶一小时会浪费 20 至 40 升的水吗？ 词性及含义 用 法 v.浪费；滥用 waste time/ money on sth. 在某事上浪费时间/金钱 waste time/ money (in) doingsth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事 n.浪费；垃圾 It is a waste of time/ money doing sth. 做某事浪费时间/金钱 1．—Mary, would you like to watch ________ newest film that is on at Wanda Cinemas? —Sorry. I think it’s ________ waste of time to watch movies inside on such a fine day. A．a, the B．the, an C．an, a D．the, a 2．—Do you know ________? —Yes. We should try to waste less. A．what can we do to live a green life B．how we can live a green life C．why should we live a green life D．when we should live a green life 3．—Do you think doing chores is ________ waste of time? —No, I think it can help us understand ________ idea of fairness. A．/, an B．a, the C．the, an 4．Waste paper ________ everywhere. A．throws B．not thrown C．shouldn’t be thrown D．are throwing 5．Many children think doing chores is ________ waste of their time these days. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 考点九 prepare用法 1．It’s eleven o’clock in the morning. Mrs. Wang ________ lunch for her family. A．prepares B．will prepare C．is preparing D．has prepared 2．You’d better not talk to Tony now because he________ his speech for tomorrow’s meeting. A．is preparing B．prepares C．prepared D．will prepare 3．It took me lots of time ________ a big meal for ten people. A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing D．prepared 4．The students in Class One ________ for the singing competition at the moment. A．prepare B．prepared C．are preparing D．are going to prepare 5．Today is Father’s Day, I plan ________ a big dinner for my father. A．to prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．prepare 6．—Where is your English teacher, Jenny? —She ________ for the food festival on the playground. A．prepares B．prepared C．is preparing 7．—Yesterday morning I didn’t see you. Where were you? —I________ food for the picnic on the West Hill Farm at that time. A．will prepare B．am preparing C．prepared D．was preparing 8．All my classmates and friends ________ for the English Festival now. A．will prepare B．have prepared C．prepared D．are preparing 考点十 pick up　捡起;拿起;接(某人) —Look! What’s on the ground? —Oh, it’s my sweater. Please　　.  A.pick it up B.put it on C.give it out D.take it off 2.—What are you going to do tomorrow? —I will go to the airport tomy aunt. She will come to see my family.  A.get up B.set up C.turn up D.pick up 【归纳拓展】 (1)pick up是“动词+副词”型短语,当宾语是名词时,可置于up之前或之后;当宾语是代词时,要置于pick与up之间。 (2)其他类似的短语:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 put on 穿上 put up 举起 take off 脱掉 take out 拿出 take away 拿走 work out 算出 look up 查找 use up 用光 1．—What ________ Lucy ________ just now? —Sorry, I didn’t hear. I ________ up the phone. A．did; say; am picking B．was; saying; picked C．did; say; was picking D．is; saying; pick 2．—When can I go home? —You have to ________ until your mother come to pick you up. A．wait B．receive C．explain 3．—What was your grandfather doing at this time last night? —He ________ up news about Shenzhou-16 on the Internet. A．will look B．is looking C．was looking D．looked 4．—I don’t know how to ______ the new word. —You need to ______ in a dictionary. A．spell, look for it B．read, look up it C．spell, look it up 5．The milk in the fridge ________ bad. You should throw it away. A．smells B．sounds C．tastes 6．Don’t leave your toys on the table, or I ________ them away. A．threw B．will throw C．throw 考点十一 separate…from…与divide…into…辨析 (1)separate…from…表示把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开。 The two cities are separated from each other by a river. 这两座城市被一条河隔开了。 (2)divide…into…表示把某个整体分割为若干部分。 A year is divided into four seasons. 一年分为四个季节。 【图解助记】 separate分隔开 divide分割开 1.A high wall separated our backyard 　the playing field.  A.with B.into C.out D.from The birthday cake was into several pieces, so each child could get one.  A.separated B.divided C.made D.cooked (3)We must _______the good tomatoes from the bad ones, or all of them will go bad.  A.take B.separate C.divide D.pick 1．We should divide all the potatoes _________ two piles and separate the good ones ________ the bad ones. A．from; by B．into; from C．into; into D．from; into 2．They had to __________ the other people，because they had a terrible illness. A．be separated from B．be learned from C．be divided into D．be proud of 3．The classes 5 groups when we went on our outing. A．was made into B．was divided by C．was separated from D．was divided into 4．The two students are fighting. You should ________ to ________ them. A．jump in; divide B．jump in; separate C．jump on; divide D．jump on; separate 5．The workers divide all the potatoes ________ two piles and separate the good ones ________ the bad ones. A．from; by B．into；from C．into；into D．from; into 6．I can't see them clearly.Can you help me ________ green beans ________the beans? A．separate；from B．divide；into C．separate；into D．divide；from 考点十二 分数的组成和用法 【教材原句】Oceans cover two thirds of the earth’s surface.海洋覆盖了地球表面的三分之二。 【归纳拓展】 (1)英语中分数由“基数词+序数词”构成,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式。如:one fifth五分之一;two thirds三分之二。 (2)“二分之一”不能用a/one second表达,而要用a/one half表示;“四分之一”和“四分之三”分别用a quarter和three quarters表示。 (3)当“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词与of后面的名词在人称和数上保持一致。 Three quarters of the information is true. 四分之三的信息是真实的。 1．In my hometown, ________ of the population ________ leaving their children alone and going out to work in other cities after the Spring Festival. A．two thirds, is B．one third, are C．two third, are 2．—Jack, ________ of the oranges ________ gone bad. A．two fifth; have B．two fifth; has C．two fifths; have D．two five; has 3．More than ________ of the passages on the internet is in English. A．three-quarter B．three-quarters C．third-quarter D．third-quarters 4．The number of cars in our neighborhood is about two ________, and ________ are new cars. A．hundred; two thirds B．hundred; two third C．hundreds; two thirds 5．The number of the students in our school is nine ________. And ________ of them are boys. A．hundred, three fifths B．hundreds, three fifths C．hundred, three fifth 6．There are fifty students in his class, and ________ of them are boys, so the number of boys is 30. A．three fifth B．three fifths C．three five / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Units 7-8 考点一 population 的用法 【教材原句】Recently, we have learned about the population of the world. 最近，我们了解了世界人口的情况。 单 词 含义及用法 population 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。表示“有多少人口时”，一 般说“have a population of...”或“the population of...is...”。 但当其前面有分数或百分数等词修饰时，表示集体中的一部分人，此时谓语动词通常用复数形式。 表示人口“多”或“少”用 large/small 修饰，不用 many 或 few。 提问人口多少常用的句型为“What’s the population of...?”或“How large is the population of...?”。 1．—________ the population of your town? —About 30,000. A．What’s B．How much is C．How many are D．How is 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你们镇的人口是多少？——大约3万。 考查疑问词。What’s是什么；How much is多少钱；How many are有多少；How is怎么样。询问人口时通常使用“What’s the population of…?”，所以此处用“What’s”，故选A。 2．The population of the world will be a ________ number in 2030. A．wild B．long C．huge D．thin 【答案】C 【解析】句意：到2030年，世界人口将是一个巨大的数字。 考查形容词辨析。wild野生的；long长的；huge巨大的；thin瘦的。根据“The population of the world”可知，人口应是一个巨大的数字。故选C。 3．The city is on ________ River Thames and has ________ population of about 7,500,000. A．the; a B．/; a C．the; the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这座城市位于泰晤士河畔，人口约为750万。 考查冠词的用法。“River Thames”是专有名词，前面要用定冠词the，“have a population of…”表示“有……人口”，属于固定用法。故选A。 4．—________ is the population of the city? —About two million. A．How much B．What C．How many 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——这座城市有多少人口？——大约200万。 考查特殊疑问句。How much多少，对不可数名词提问；What什么；How many多少，对可数名词提问。根据“the population of the city”和“About two million.”可知，本题是对人口数量提问，What is the population of...?是提问某地人口数量的常用句型。故选B。 5．— What’s ________ population of China? — It has ________ population of about 1.4 billion. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; a 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——中国的人口是多少？——它有大约14亿人口。 考查冠词用法。a一个，泛指；the这，这个，特指；第一空，根据“population of China?”可知，此处特指中国的人口；第二空，a population of+数量是固定搭配，意为“……的人口”故选C。 6．—Excuse me, ________ is the population of China? —It’s over 1.4 billion. A．what B．how much C．how many 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——打扰一下，请问中国的人口是多少？——超过14亿。 考查特殊疑问句。what什么；how much多少、多少钱；how many多少。根据答语“It’s over 1.4 billion.”可知，此处询问的是中国的人口数量，应用“What is the population of …?”这个固定句式，故选A。 考点二 have been to, have gone to 与 have been in 【教材原句】Have you been to any other countries in Asia? 你曾经去过亚洲的其他国家吗？ 短 语 含义及用法 have been to 意为“去过某地”（现在已经回来了），常与 ever, never, twice 等词连用。 have gone to 意为“去某地了”（人不在说话现场），一般用于第三人称。 have been in 意为“在某地待了多久”（强调从过去到现在一直待在某地），通常与一段时间连用。 注意 当 have been to, have gone to 与 have been in 后跟某些地点副词，如 here, there 和 home 等词时，介词 to, in 要省略。 1．—Mr.Liu, have you ever ________ abroad? —Yes, I ________ Singapore last week. A．been; been to B．gone; been in C．been; gone to D．been; went to 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——刘先生，你去过国外吗？ ——是的，我上周去了新加坡。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。have been to去过 (已经回来)，而have gone to表示“去了还未回来”。根据两人正在对话可知已回，第一空应为have been abroad，表曾经去过国外；再由时间状语“last week”可知，第二个空用一般过去式went to。故选D。 2．My father _______ Shanghai for half a year, but I have never ________ the city. A．has gone to; gone to B．has gone to; been in C．have been in; been to D．has been in; been to 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我父亲在上海有半年了，但是我从来没有去过这个城市。 考查现在完成时。have/has been to去过某地；have/has been in已在某地；have/has gone to去了某地；第一个句子my father为主语，第三人称单数形式，助动词使用has；“have /has been in+地点+for+一段时间”表示在某地呆了多长时间；have/has been to表示去过某地，可以与ever、never或次数连用。 故选D。 3．—The toilet museum is the most interesting museum I ________ before. —Yes, it’s very interesting. I ________ there last weekend. A．have been to; went B．have gone to; have been to C．have been to; have been D．have gone to; went 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——卫生间博物馆是我去过的最有趣的博物馆。——是的，它非常有趣。我上周末去过那里。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据“last weekend”可知，空二所在句子用一般过去时，可排除BC选项；have been to去了某地，已回；have gone to去了某地，未回。根据“before”可知，此处表示去过并且已经回来。故选A。 4．—My sister ________ Wuxi to see cherry blossoms (樱花). —Wuxi is a beautiful city. I ________ there twice. A．has gone to; have gone B．has been to; have been C．has gone to; have been D．has been to; have gone 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我姐姐去无锡看樱花了。——无锡是一座美丽的城市。我去过那里两次。 考查have been to(或in)/have gone to的区别。have gone to去了某地，人还没回来；have been to去过某地，人已经回来。第一空，根据“My sister…Wuxi to see cherry blossoms”可知，姐姐去无锡看樱花了，人可能还没回来；第二空，根据“there twice.”可知，我去过那里两次，且there是副词，要省略to。故选C。 5．—The Whites have ________ Macao on vacation. They’ll stay there for a week. —Oh, really? I have never ________ there. A．gone to; been B．gone to; been to C．been to; gone 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——怀特夫妇去澳门度假了。他们将在那里待一个星期。 ——哦，真的吗？我从未去过那里。 考查现在完成时。have gone to去某地了（还未回）；have been to曾经去过某地（已回）。第一空，根据“They’ll stay there for a week.”可知，怀特夫妇去了澳门，还未回，应用have gone to；第二空，根据“Oh, really? I have never … there.”可知，此处是指从未去过某地，应用have never been to，因为there是副词，要省略to。故选A。 6．—I can’t find Betty now. —Oh, she with her friends ________ the park to have a picnic. A．has been to B．have gone to C．has gone to D．have been to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我现在找不到贝蒂。——哦，她和朋友去公园野炊了。 考查现在完成时态的have gone to和have been to。has been to主语是三单，表示去过；have gone to主语是复数或第二人称，表示已去，未回；has gone to主语是三单，表示已去，未回；have been to主语是复数或第二人称，表示去过。根据“I can’t find Betty now.”可知，人不在这，所以排除AD，由于主语是she，所以排除B。故选C。 考点三 finish 的用法 【教材原句】We would finish cleaning in an hour! 我们将在一小时内完成清洁工作！ finish 为动词，意为“完成；做好”，后常接名词或动名词。 如： When can you finish (doing) the work? 你何时能完成这项工作？ 拓展 后接动名词作宾语的动词（结构）还有：enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；mind doing sth. 介意做某事；practice doing sth.练习做某事。 1．Why don’t you ________ your teacher for help when you can’t finish ________ the story on your own? A．asking; to write B．to ask; writing C．ask; writing D．to ask; write 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当你自己写不完这个故事的时候，你为什么不找老师帮忙呢？ 考查助动词和非谓语动词。根据“Why don’t you …your teacher for help when you can’t finish …the story on your own?”可知，第一空位于助动词后应跟动词原形作谓语；第二空为固定短语finish doing sth“完成某事”，用动名词作宾语。故选C。 2．—Did Tina finish her job? —I don’t know. But I think she will give me a call if she ________ her job. A．finished B．finishes C．is finishing D．will finish 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——蒂娜完成她的工作了吗？——我不知道。但我想她完成工作后会给我打电话的。 考查时态。根据“she will give me a call if she...her job”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，空处位于从句部分，应用一般现在时。故选B。 3．—Can you come to my birthday party tonight? —Yes, I’d love to. But I have to finish ________ my English homework first. A．doing B．to do C．does 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——今天晚上你可以来参加我的生日派对吗？——是的，我愿意去。但是我必须先完成我的英语作业。 考查非谓语动词。根据“finish”可知，finish doing sth“做完某事”，所以空格处填动名词doing。故选A。 4．My friend Tina enjoys ________ to me. She’s my good ________. A．listening; listener B．listening; listening C．listen; listener 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我的朋友蒂娜喜欢听我说话。她是我的好听众。 考查非谓语和词义辨析。listener倾听者；listening听。根据enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”可知，第一空应填动名词listening；根据“She’s my good...”可知，此处指她是好的倾听者，应用名词listener。故选A。 5．—It’s said that the wide place near your office is used to ________ cars. —Yes, so you can avoid ________ your car in the faraway place. A．park; to park B．parking; parking C．park; parking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——据说你们办公室附近的那条宽阔的场地是用来停放汽车的。——是的，这样你就可以避免把车停到远处的地方。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s said that the wide place near your office is used to...cars.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：be used to do sth.“被用来做某事，”，故第一空用动词原形；avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，第二空用动名词作宾语，故选C。 6．—It’s so hot here. Do you mind ________ the window? —________. I will do it right now. A．to close, Yes, please B．to open, Better not C．opening, Of course not D．closing, I hope so 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这里太热了。你介意打开窗户吗？——当然不介意。我现在就去做。 考查动词非谓语及情景交际。close关闭；open打开；Yes, please是的，请；Better not最好不；Of course not当然不；I hope so我希望如此。根据It’s so hot here...I will do it right now可知，应是开窗，排除AD；mind doing sth介意做某事，故选C。 7．— I’m considering ________ abroad for further study, but I haven’t decided yet. — You’d better ask your English teacher for some advice. A．going B．to go C．going to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我正在考虑出国深造，但是我还没决定。——你最好向你的英语老师征求一些建议。 考查consider的用法。consider“考虑”，后接动名词作其宾语。故选A。 考点四 die, dead, dying 与 death 【教材原句】If the birds eat the sick or dead fish, they may die off. 如果鸟儿吃了生病或者死亡的鱼，它们可能会相继死去。 单 词 含义及用法 例 句 die (v.) “死；死亡；去世”，是非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 His grandfather died last week. 上周他爷爷去世了。 dead (adj.) “死的；无生命的”，表示状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，常用作表语或定语。如果表达“死了多长时间”可以用“have/ has been dead for+时间段”或“died + 时间段+ago”。 His father has been dead for two years.(=His father died two years ago.) 他父亲已经去世两年了。（=两年前他父亲去世了。 ） dying (adj.) “垂死的 ；奄奄一息的”，die 的现在分词，用作定语。 This is a dying bird.这是一只垂死的鸟。 death (n.) “死；死亡”。 Because death is everywhere, life is valuable. 因为死亡无处不在，所以生命才可贵。 1．I can’t believe my ears. Mr Smith was quite well when I saw him last summer. How long ________ he ________? A．did; die B．was; dead C．was; dying D．has; been dead 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我无法相信我的耳朵。去年夏天我见到史密斯先生时，他身体还很好。他去世多久了？ 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据“How long... he...”可知，此处强调时间的延续，应用现在完成时，how long与延续性动词连用。表示“去世，死亡”的延续性动词用be dead。故选D。 2．—How long _______ my pet fish _______, Mum? —I’m not quite sure. A．did; die B．has; died C．has; been dead D．was; dead 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我的宠物鱼死多久了？——我不太确定。 考查现在完成时延续性动词。根据“How long…my pet fish…”并结合备选答案可知，此处表达“我的宠物鱼死多久了”，用现在完成时，且用延续性动词be dead，主语为my pet fish，应用助动词has后接动词过去分词。die为短暂性动词，dead为形容词，二者都不符合语境。故选C。 3．—The flowers are ________. Let’s water them at once, or they will ______. —You’re right. A．died, dead B．dead, die C．dying, die 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——花快死了。我们马上给它们浇水吧，不然它们会死的。——你是对的。 考查词义辨析。die死亡，动词，died是其过去式；dead死亡的，形容词；dying濒临死亡的，形容词。第一空位于are后，应用形容词作表语，排除A；根据“Let’s water them at once”可知，花快要死了，但是还没死，应用dying。故选C。 4．—When did the old man die? —In 2011. He _________ for nearly ten years. A．died B．has died C．is dead D．has been dead 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——那个老人什么时间死的？——在2011年。他死了有十年了。 考查现在完成时。根据“for nearly ten years”可知句子应用现在完成时。die是非延续性动词，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替，die对应的延续性状态是“be dead”。现在完成时的结构为：“have/has been done”，句子主语是he三单，因此应用“has been dead”。故选D。 5．—How long _______ his grandpa __________? —________ two years ago. A．did; die; Since B．has; been dead; For C．did; die; For D．has; been dead; Since 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——他的爷爷去世多长时间了？——自从两年以前。 考查动词的时态。for后跟时间段，since后跟时间点。two years ago为时间点，故排除B、C；die为短暂性动词，不能与表示一段的时间状语连用，故选D。 6．How long ______your grandma_________? A．has; died B．has; been dead C．did; die D．did; dead 【答案】B 【解析】How long要和延续性动词连用，而die是短暂性动词，所以排除A,C；dead是形容词，不能做谓语，所以选B。 考点五 in the end, at the end of 与 by the end of 【教材原句】By the way, some Canadians use the word“eh” at the end of their sentences. 顺便说一下，一些加拿大人在他们的句尾使用“eh”。 词 组 含义及用法 in the end 意为“最后；终于”，相当于 at last/ finally，后面不接 of 短语。 at the end of 意为“在……的尽头；在……末端”，后接时间或地点名词。 by the end of 意为“到……末”，后接名词，常与一般将来时或过去完成时连用。 1．—Did you have a good time during the school trip yesterday? —Yes. At first, it was rainy. But ________, the sun came out ________. A．luckily; in the end B．lucky; at the end C．luck; by the end 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你在昨天的学校旅行中玩得开心吗？——是的。起初，天在下雨。但是很幸运，最后太阳出来了。 考查副词用法及介词短语。luckily幸运的是，副词；lucky幸运的，形容词；luck运气；in the end最后；at the end表达不完整（通常与of连用）；by the end表达不完整（通常与of连用）。根据语境可知，第一个空修饰整个句子，应用副词luckily；第二个空表示最终太阳出来了。故选A。 2．—He tried his best to work out the math problem. ________, he succeeded. —Yes. So we should never give up. A．At the end B．In the end C．By the end 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——他尽他最大的努力去解决这道数学题。最终，他成功了。——是的，所以我们应该永不放弃。 考查介词短语。At the end在……末尾；In the end最后；By the end到……为止。根据“...he succeeded.”可知，此处表达最终，他成功了。In the end“最后”符合句意。故选B。 3．All the students need to clean the school carefully ________ the school year before starting their first class. A．in the beginning B．at the beginning of C．at the end of D．in the end 【答案】B 【解析】句意：所有学生需要在学年开始之初开始上第一节课之前仔细打扫学校。 考查介词短语。in the beginning一开始；at the beginning of在……之初；at the end of在……末尾；in the end最终。根据“before starting their first class”可知，应是学年开始之初上课之前打扫学校。故选B。 4． Finally, I finished the job on time. A．At first B．In the end C．Quickly 【答案】B 【解析】句意：最后，我按时完成了工作。 考查介词短语辨析和副词辨析。At first首先；In the end最后；Quickly迅速地。根据“Finally”可知，意为“最后”，与In the end意思一致。故选B。 5．There is a shop ________ the street. A．in the end B．at the end C．at the end of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：街的尽头有一家商店。 考查介词短语。in the end最后；at the end终于；at the end of在……的尽头。根据“the street”可知这里指街的尽头。故选C。 考点六 be covered with 的用法 【教材原句】Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. 南极洲终年被冰雪覆盖。 be covered with 意为“被……覆盖”，为系表结构，强调事物的状态。 如： Look! The tops of the mountains are covered with snow all year round. 看！这些山的山顶终年被积雪覆盖。 拓展 cover... with... 意为“用……覆盖……；用……遮盖住……”。 1．I believe that those mountains_________ with trees in a few years. A．are covered B．will be covered C．are covering D．will cover 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我相信几年后那些山将被树木覆盖。 考查动词语态及时态辨析。are covered一般现在时被动语态；will be covered一般将来时被动语态；are covering现在进行时；will cover一般将来时。in a few years是一般将来时的标志词，题干时态为一般将来时；those mountains和cover是被动关系，即山是被树木覆盖，需用被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”。故选B。 2．—The box is very heavy. What’s in it? —Oh, it ________ chocolate. A．is filled with B．is covered with C．is made of D．is used for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——盒子那么重。它里面是什么？——哦，它里面装满了巧克力。 考查形容词短语。is filled with充满着；is covered with被覆盖；is made of由……制成；is used for被用作。根据“The box is very heavy. What’s in it?”可知，此处是指盒子装满了巧克力。故选A。 3．Most of the earth’s surface ________with water. A．is covered B．covers C．is grown D．grows 【答案】A 【解析】句意：地球的大多数表面被水覆盖。 考查被动语态。根据“surface”可知，主语与谓语是被动关系，需要被动语态，陈述的是事实，因此是一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。 4．The land is covered ________ snow. A．in B．on C．with D．for 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这片土地被雪覆盖着。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；with用；for为了。根据语境可知，be covered with表示“被……覆盖”，介词with符合语境。故选C。 5．In the New Year, I hope your life will ____________ happiness and good luck. A．be covered with B．be strict with C．be pleased with D．be filled with 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在新的一年里，愿你的生活充满幸福和好运。 考查动词短语。be covered with被……盖满；be strict with对……要求严格；be pleased with对……感到满意；be filled with充满。结合句意，表示你的生活充满幸福和好运，故选D。 6．Many topics ________ in the course, ________ food and drinks, travel and hotels. A．cover；include B．are covered；including C．covers；including D．are covered；include 【答案】B 【解析】句意：许多主题被囊括在这门课程中，包括食物和饮料、旅行和住宿。 考查一般现在时的被动语态以及介词including的用法。include包含，是动词；including包含，是介词。本句主语“topics”与谓语“cover”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，时态是一般现在时，其谓语结构是are+done，“cover”的过去分词是covered，则空一处需填are covered；including是介词，意为“包括”，一般出现在逗号后面，起补充作用。故选B。 7．The mountains ________ with trees in a few years. A．are covered B．are covering C．will cover D．will be covered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：几年后这些山将被树木覆盖。 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“in a few years”可知，句子时态是一般将来时，排除选项A和B；主语“The mountains”与谓语动词“cover”构成被动关系，因此用一般将来时的被动语态：主语+will be done。故选D。 考点七 draw one’s attention 【教材原句】It’s a special day to draw people’s attention to the environment. 这是引起人们关注环境的特殊日子。 attention 作名词，意为“注意；留心”。draw one’s attention 意为“引起某人的注意”，相当于 catch one’s attention。 拓展 pay attention to 意为“注意”，其中 to 是介词，后面可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或宾语从句等。 1．To draw ________ attention, the boy made faces. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了引起我的注意，那个男孩做了些鬼脸。 考查代词。I我，主格形式；me我，宾格形式；my我的，是形容词性物主代词；mine我的（东西），是名词性物主代词。修饰名词attention，用形容词性物主代词，故选C。 2．—The actress ________ on many television programs after she won the Magnolia Award.   — Yes, famous people always draw the public’s attention. A．followed B．appeared C．agreed D．developed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——这位女演员在获得白玉兰奖后出现在许多电视节目上。——是的，名人总是吸引公众的注意。 考查动词辨析。follow 跟随，追随；appear 出现，显得； agree同意，赞同；develop 发展，开发。根据“famous people always draw the public’s attention.”可知，这里指的是“出现在电视节目上”。故选B。 3．—Bob, please ________ your spelling. You’ve dropped the “d” in the word “knowledge”. —Oh, yes. I’ll be more careful next time. A．listen to B．look forward to C．pay attention to D．look after 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——鲍勃，请注意你的拼写。你把“知识”这个词中的“d”去掉了。——哦，是的。下次我会更加小心。 考查动词短语。listen to听；look forward to期待；pay attention to注意；look after照顾。根据“You’ve dropped the ‘d’ in the word ‘knowledge’”可知，要注意拼写。故选C。 4．Jim didn’t feel well so he decided not to ________ the singing competition. A．look forward to B．pay attention to C．take care of D．take part in 【答案】D 【解析】句意：吉姆身体不舒服，所以他决定不参加歌唱比赛。 考查动词短语。look forward to期待；pay attention to关注；take care of注意；take part in参加。根据“the singing competition.”可知他身体不舒服，所以没有参加歌唱比赛。故选D。 考点八 waste 的用法 【教材原句】Did you know that a leaky toilet can waste 20 to 40 litres of water an hour? 你知道一个漏水的马桶一小时会浪费 20 至 40 升的水吗？ 词性及含义 用 法 v.浪费；滥用 waste time/ money on sth. 在某事上浪费时间/金钱 waste time/ money (in) doingsth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事 n.浪费；垃圾 It is a waste of time/ money doing sth. 做某事浪费时间/金钱 1．—Mary, would you like to watch ________ newest film that is on at Wanda Cinemas? —Sorry. I think it’s ________ waste of time to watch movies inside on such a fine day. A．a, the B．the, an C．an, a D．the, a 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——玛丽，你想看万达电影院正在上映的最新电影吗？——对不起。我认为在这么好的天气里在室内看电影是浪费时间。 考查冠词用法。第一空，形容词最高级前面加定冠词the；a waste of time表示“浪费时间”，第二空填a。故选D。 2．—Do you know ________? —Yes. We should try to waste less. A．what can we do to live a green life B．how we can live a green life C．why should we live a green life D．when we should live a green life 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道我们怎样才能过上绿色生活吗？——知道。我们应该尽量少浪费。 考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“Yes. We should try to waste less.”可知，询问怎么做，故选B。 3．—Do you think doing chores is ________ waste of time? —No, I think it can help us understand ________ idea of fairness. A．/, an B．a, the C．the, an 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你认为做家务浪费时间吗？——不，我认为它能有助于我们理解公平的理念。 考查冠词的辨析。a一个，不定冠词，泛指，用于首字母发音为辅音音素之前；an一个，不定冠词，泛指，用于首字母发音为元音音素之前；the这个，那个，定冠词，特指。根据“waste of time”可知，应是浪费时间，译为“a waste of time”，故空一填a；根据“idea of fairness.”可知，应是特指“公平的理念”，故用the。故选B。 4．Waste paper ________ everywhere. A．throws B．not thrown C．shouldn’t be thrown D．are throwing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：废纸不应该到处乱扔。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语Waste paper与throw是动宾关系，因此用被动语态；结合语境可知，此处是指废纸不应该被到处乱扔，用含有情态动词shouldn’t的被动语态shouldn’t be done。故选C。 5．Many children think doing chores is ________ waste of their time these days. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 【答案】A 【解析】句意：现在很多孩子认为做家务浪费他们的时间。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指；the定冠词，表特指；an不定冠词，表泛指。waste以辅音音素开头，表泛指，用a修饰。故选A。 考点九 prepare用法 1．It’s eleven o’clock in the morning. Mrs. Wang ________ lunch for her family. A．prepares B．will prepare C．is preparing D．has prepared 【答案】C 【解析】句意：现在是早上十一点。王太太正在为她的家人准备午餐。 考查动词时态。根据“It’s eleven o’clock in the morning. Mrs. Wang ... lunch for her family.”可知，强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，故选C。 2．You’d better not talk to Tony now because he________ his speech for tomorrow’s meeting. A．is preparing B．prepares C．prepared D．will prepare 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你现在最好不要和托尼说话，因为他正在为明天的会议准备演讲。 考查动词时态。根据“now”，可知时态是现在进行时，谓语动词构成是be+现在分词。故选A。 3．It took me lots of time ________ a big meal for ten people. A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing D．prepared 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我花了很多时间为十个人准备了一顿大餐。 考查非谓语动词。本句是固定句型“It takes sb. + 一段时间 + to do sth.”表示“做某事花了某人多长时间”，其中动词不定式“to prepare”作真正的主语，it为形式主语。故选B。 4．The students in Class One ________ for the singing competition at the moment. A．prepare B．prepared C．are preparing D．are going to prepare 【答案】C 【解析】句意：一班的学生此刻正在为歌唱比赛做准备。 考查现在进行时。根据“at the moment”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“be doing”，主语为“The students in Class One”，be动词应用are，空处应用are preparing。故选C。 5．Today is Father’s Day, I plan ________ a big dinner for my father. A．to prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．prepare 【答案】A 【解析】句意：今天是父亲节，我打算为爸爸准备一顿丰盛的晚餐。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.“打算做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选A。 6．—Where is your English teacher, Jenny? —She ________ for the food festival on the playground. A．prepares B．prepared C．is preparing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——珍妮，你的英语老师在哪里？——她正在操场上准备美食节。 考查现在进行时。根据“She…for the food festival on the playground.”可知，此处描述的是正在发生的动作，用现在进行时，谓语动词构成是be+现在分词，主语是She，be动词用is。故选C。 7．—Yesterday morning I didn’t see you. Where were you? —I________ food for the picnic on the West Hill Farm at that time. A．will prepare B．am preparing C．prepared D．was preparing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——昨天早上我没有看见你。你在哪呢？——我那时正在西山农场上为野餐准备食物。 考查过去进行时。根据“Yesterday morning I didn’t see you”和“at that time”可知句子应用过去进行时，说明过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，其谓语结构为：was/were+现在分词。故选D。 8．All my classmates and friends ________ for the English Festival now. A．will prepare B．have prepared C．prepared D．are preparing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我所有的同学和朋友现在都在为英语节做准备。 考查时态。根据“now”可知，时态为现在进行时，其构成为主语+am/is/are+doing。故选D。 考点十 pick up　捡起;拿起;接(某人) —Look! What’s on the ground? —Oh, it’s my sweater. Please 　A　　　.  A.pick it up B.put it on C.give it out D.take it off 2.—What are you going to do tomorrow? —I will go to the airport to D　my aunt. She will come to see my family.  A.get up B.set up C.turn up D.pick up 【归纳拓展】 (1)pick up是“动词+副词”型短语,当宾语是名词时,可置于up之前或之后;当宾语是代词时,要置于pick与up之间。 (2)其他类似的短语:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 put on 穿上 put up 举起 take off 脱掉 take out 拿出 take away 拿走 work out 算出 look up 查找 use up 用光 1．—What ________ Lucy ________ just now? —Sorry, I didn’t hear. I ________ up the phone. A．did; say; am picking B．was; saying; picked C．did; say; was picking D．is; saying; pick 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——露西刚才说了什么？——对不起，我没听到。我正在接电话。 考查动词时态。第一句根据“just now”可知是一般过去时，say是实义动词，助动词用did，同时动词用原形；第二空是指刚才自己正在接电话，应用过去进行时，故选C。 2．—When can I go home? —You have to ________ until your mother come to pick you up. A．wait B．receive C．explain 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我什么时候可以回家？——你得等到你妈妈来接你。 考查动词辨析。wait等待；receive收到；explain解释。根据“You have to...until your mother come to pick you up.”可知，要等到妈妈来接，故选A。 3．—What was your grandfather doing at this time last night? —He ________ up news about Shenzhou-16 on the Internet. A．will look B．is looking C．was looking D．looked 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你祖父昨晚这个时候在做什么？——他正在网上查看关于神舟十六号的新闻。 考查动词时态。will look一般将来时；is looking现在进行时；was looking过去进行时；looked一般过去时。根据“at this time last night”可知，此句时态应用过去进行时，表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。故填C。 4．—I don’t know how to ______ the new word. —You need to ______ in a dictionary. A．spell, look for it B．read, look up it C．spell, look it up 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我不知道怎么拼这个生词。——你需要在字典里查询它。 考查动词以及动词短语。spell拼写；read阅读；look for寻找；look up查询。根据“I don’t know how to … the new word”及“in a dictionary”可知，不知道如何拼写这个单词，对方建议在字典里查询，look up是动副短语，代词要放在中间，故选C。 5．The milk in the fridge ________ bad. You should throw it away. A．smells B．sounds C．tastes 【答案】A 【解析】句意：冰箱里的牛奶闻起来坏了，你应该把它扔掉。 考查动词辨析。smells闻起来；sounds听起来；tastes尝起来。根据语境“牛奶坏了”应通过气味判断，且后文“throw it away”进一步提示变质气味。故选A。 6．Don’t leave your toys on the table, or I ________ them away. A．threw B．will throw C．throw 【答案】B 【解析】句意：不要把你的玩具放在桌子上，否则我会把它们扔掉的。 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，此处是：祈使句+or+陈述句，“扔掉玩具”表示将来发生的动作，应为一般将来时。故选B。 考点十一 separate…from…与divide…into…辨析 (1)separate…from…表示把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开。 The two cities are separated from each other by a river. 这两座城市被一条河隔开了。 (2)divide…into…表示把某个整体分割为若干部分。 A year is divided into four seasons. 一年分为四个季节。 【图解助记】 separate分隔开 divide分割开 1.A high wall separated our backyard D　the playing field.  A.with B.into C.out D.from The birthday cake was B　into several pieces, so each child could get one.  A.separated B.divided C.made D.cooked (3)We must B　the good tomatoes from the bad ones, or all of them will go bad.  A.take B.separate C.divide D.pick 1．We should divide all the potatoes _________ two piles and separate the good ones ________ the bad ones. A．from; by B．into; from C．into; into D．from; into 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们应该把所有的土豆分成两堆，把好的和坏的分开。 考查介词辨析。from从……起、来自；by通过、被、由；into到……里、深入……之中。三者都是介词。divide...into和separate...from都有“把……分开”的意思，但前者指“把整体分成若干部分”，后者指“把连在一起的分开”。第一个空格是把所有的土豆分成两堆，用into；第二个空格是把好的和坏的分开，用from。故选B。 2．They had to __________ the other people，because they had a terrible illness. A．be separated from B．be learned from C．be divided into D．be proud of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：因为他们患了一种可怕的病，他们不得不（被）和其他人隔离。 考查短语辨析。be separated from意为“被分开、隔离”；be divided into意为“被分为……”； be proud of意为“以……为骄傲”；由“他们患了一种可怕的病”可知他们不得不“与其他人分开”，故选A。 【点睛】separate...from多指把原来连在一起或靠近的多个物体分隔开来；而 divide…into多指把一个整体切分成若干份。 3．The classes 5 groups when we went on our outing. A．was made into B．was divided by C．was separated from D．was divided into 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当我们出去远足时，那个班被分成5个组。 本题考查动词短语。was made into被制成，was divided by被……分开，was separated from被隔开， was divided into被分成。结合句意，此处表示那个班被分成5个组，故选D。 4．The two students are fighting. You should ________ to ________ them. A．jump in; divide B．jump in; separate C．jump on; divide D．jump on; separate 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这两个学生在打架。你应该赶紧把他们分开。 考查动词及动词短语。jump in不假思索地，欣然加入；jump on跳上。此处指“加入到”正在打架的学生中，目的是拉架，应用jump in。divide分开，指把一个整体分成若干部分；separate分开，指把混在一起的东西分开。此处指把两个学生拉开，不属于一个整体，应用separate。故选B。 5．The workers divide all the potatoes ________ two piles and separate the good ones ________ the bad ones. A．from; by B．into；from C．into；into D．from; into 【答案】B 【详解】句意：工人们把所有的土豆分成两堆，把好的和坏的分开。 考查介词。from从……; by通过；into进入；根据词组divide…into表示把……分成；separate…from表示把……分开，在此句中是把所有的土豆分成两堆，把好的和坏的分开，故选B。 6．I can't see them clearly.Can you help me ________ green beans ________the beans? A．separate；from B．divide；into C．separate；into D．divide；from 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我看不清楚它们，你能帮我把青豆从豆子中分开吗？separate“分开，区分”，常与from连用，separate…from把原来混在一起的东西分开；divide“划分，分离”，常与into连用，divide…into指把整体分成几个部分。根据“I can't see them clearly.”判断，答案选A。 考点十二 分数的组成和用法 【教材原句】Oceans cover two thirds of the earth’s surface.海洋覆盖了地球表面的三分之二。 【归纳拓展】 (1)英语中分数由“基数词+序数词”构成,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式。如:one fifth五分之一;two thirds三分之二。 (2)“二分之一”不能用a/one second表达,而要用a/one half表示;“四分之一”和“四分之三”分别用a quarter和three quarters表示。 (3)当“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词与of后面的名词在人称和数上保持一致。 Three quarters of the information is true. 四分之三的信息是真实的。 1．In my hometown, ________ of the population ________ leaving their children alone and going out to work in other cities after the Spring Festival. A．two thirds, is B．one third, are C．two third, are 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在我的家乡，三分之一的人在春节后把他们的孩子单独留下，外出到其他城市工作。 考查分数表达和主谓一致。英语中表达分数时，分子为基数词，分母为序数词，若分子大于1，分母则用复数，三分之二表达为two thirds，三分之一表达为one third；句中“the population”有分数修饰，指的是具体的人数，表示复数，系动词用are。故选B。 2．—Jack, ________ of the oranges ________ gone bad. A．two fifth; have B．two fifth; has C．two fifths; have D．two five; has 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——Jack，五分之二的橘子已经坏了。 考查分数表达和主谓一致。分数表达中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数形式，因此“五分之二”应为“two fifths”。主语“two fifths of the oranges”表示复数概念，谓语动词用原形“have”。故选C。 3．More than ________ of the passages on the internet is in English. A．three-quarter B．three-quarters C．third-quarter D．third-quarters 【答案】B 【解析】句意：网络上大于四分之三的文章都是用英语（写的）。 考查分数表达。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数。故四分之三，写作three quarters，这里指“四分之三的”，用连字符连接。故选B。 4．The number of cars in our neighborhood is about two ________, and ________ are new cars. A．hundred; two thirds B．hundred; two third C．hundreds; two thirds 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们社区的汽车数量大约是两百辆，其中有三分之二是新车。 考查数词和分数表达。第一空根据“two”及选项可知，具体数字前的“hundred”不加复数形式，排除C项；第二空根据“and …are new cars.”及选项可知，此处表达分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母变复数形式，排除B项。故选A。 5．The number of the students in our school is nine ________. And ________ of them are boys. A．hundred, three fifths B．hundreds, three fifths C．hundred, three fifth 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们学校的学生人数是九百人。其中五分之三是男孩。 考查数词和分数表达法。根据“nine”可知，第一空表具体数目“九百”，当hundred与数词连用时，表示一个具体的数字，后面不加s；第二空中，因分子为3，分母需用序数词复数形式，因此是“three fifths”。故选A。 6．There are fifty students in his class, and ________ of them are boys, so the number of boys is 30. A．three fifth B．three fifths C．three five 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他的班上有50名学生，五分之三是男生，因此男生的数量是30人。 考查分数的表达。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，分子是three；序数词作分母，除了分子是1以外，其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式，此处分母用序数词的复数fifths。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$