内容正文:
it的用法
代 词
用 法
举 例
it
特指上文提到的对象是同一事物。
The book is mine. It’s very interesting.
当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看(听)不出来时,常用 it 代替和当时某一事件、某一
动作相关的那个人。
—Listen! Someone is calling you.
—It must be my mum.
it 的其他常见用法
(1)指代上文已经提到的事。 如:
The doctor advised Elsa strongly that she should take a good rest, but it didn’t help. 医生强烈建议埃尔莎应该好好休息,但是这一建议没有起作用。
(2)指自然现象、时间、距离、温度等。 如:
It’s cloudy today. 今天多云。
It’s not far from here to the airport. 从这里到机场不远。
(3)作形式主语,代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正主语。 常用于以下句型中:
●It’s+adj.+(for/ of sb.+) to do sth.
●It’s time to do/ that...
●It’s one’s turn to do sth.
●It’s+adj.+that 从句
●It takes/ took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.
(4)作形式宾语,代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正宾语,常用在动词 find, think, make, consider, feel 等后。 如:
I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。
注意
it, one, that作代词时的区别:
(1)it指同类同物,即用来指上文提及的同一个事物或前面提及的情况。it可代替可数名词单数或不可数名词。
She enjoys the story because it is very interesting.
她喜欢这个故事,因为它很有趣。
(2)one 指同类异物,即用来避免重复可数名词单数。泛指上文提及的同类人或事物中的一个,其复数形式为ones, 其所有格形式为one’s。
My sweater is very old. I’ll buy a new one.
我的毛衣很旧了。我要买一件新的。
(3)that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复,复数形式是those。
The weather in Shenyang is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.
冬天沈阳的天气比广州冷。
基础训练
1.—Who is singing in the classroom?
—________ must be my sister. She likes singing.
A.It B.She C.This D.He
2.This is _______ one-month-old baby. The baby can't look after _______.
A.a; himself B.an; herself C.a; itself D.an; itself
3.— Listen! There’s someone knocking at the door.
— Oh,_______must be Jim. It’s time for him to get home now.
A.he B.this C.it D.that
4.We won’t go sightseeing if ____ tomorrow.
A.it rains B.it will rain C.it would rain D.it rained
5.You got up so late. ________ is normal for you to miss the bus.
A.It B.That C.There
6.—What do you think of tomorrow’s basketball match?
—I think________ difficult for us________ the match.
A.we’ll be; winning B.it’ll be; winning C.we’ll be; to win D.it’ll be; to win
7.Is ________ possible to fly to the Moon in a spaceship?
A.this B.that C.it D./
8.________ is better to be safe than sorry.
A.What B.This C.That D.It
9.I think ________ is really hard for them to climb so high.
A.this B.it C.that D.what
10.It’s very important for us ________ healthy.
A.to keep B.keep C.keeping
11.It’s the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
A.状语 B.真正的主语 C.表语 D.谓语
12.It is easy for us ________ English well if we put our hearts into it.
A.learning B.learn C.to learn
13.________ wasn’t s easy to predict weather in the past.
A.It B.These C.This D.Its
14.It’s very important ________ us ________ hard.
A.for; to study B.of; to studying C.for; studying D.of; studying
15.The Beijing Opera is good to see, but ________ is difficult to understand the words.
A.that B.this C.it D.these
16.It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go to the dining hall.
A.have B.having C.for have D.to have
17.It is important for us ________ English well.
A.learn B.learning C.to learn D.learned
18.________ is very important for us to learn Chinese well.
A.This B.That C.It D.One
19.Gork said ________ was their custom to kill all the aliens in the cave.
A.it B.that C.this D.he
20.—All of us think ________ dangerous for children to play with fire.
—I agree. It’s important ________ to be safe all the time.
A.it is; of them B.it; for them C.that is; of them D.that; for them
21.He found ________ very interesting to ride a horse.
A.its B.that C.this D.it
22.He finds ________ difficult to finish the task all by himself.
A.it B.this C.that
23.We find ________ hard for us to learn English well in a short time.
A.it B.one C.that
24.—All of us think _______ dangerous for children to play with fire.
—Yes. It’s important _______ them to be safe all the time.
A.it is; of B.it; for C.that is; of D.that; for
25.It is necessary _______ students _______ part in outdoor activities.
A.for; to taking B.for; to take C.of; to taking D.of; to take
26.It is impossible ________ me ________ all the new words in such a short time.
A.of; to remember B.of; remember
C.for; remember D.for; to remember
27.It’s really ________ him to save the boy out of the fire.
A.wise of B.wise for C.brave for D.brave of
28.It’s necessary ________ us to keep the classroom ________ every day.
A.for; clean B.of; clean C.for; cleaning D.of; cleaning
29.—Let me help you carry the box, Ms Wang.
—Thank you, Li Ping. It’s very nice ________ you ________ me.
A.of; to help B.for; to help C.of; helping D.for; helping
30.It is wrong ________ us ________ look down upon (看不起) the disabled people.
A.of; to B.for; for C.to; to D.of; for
/
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it的用法
代 词
用 法
举 例
it
特指上文提到的对象是同一事物。
The book is mine. It’s very interesting.
当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看(听)不出来时,常用 it 代替和当时某一事件、某一
动作相关的那个人。
—Listen! Someone is calling you.
—It must be my mum.
it 的其他常见用法
(1)指代上文已经提到的事。 如:
The doctor advised Elsa strongly that she should take a good rest, but it didn’t help. 医生强烈建议埃尔莎应该好好休息,但是这一建议没有起作用。
(2)指自然现象、时间、距离、温度等。 如:
It’s cloudy today. 今天多云。
It’s not far from here to the airport. 从这里到机场不远。
(3)作形式主语,代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正主语。 常用于以下句型中:
●It’s+adj.+(for/ of sb.+) to do sth.
●It’s time to do/ that...
●It’s one’s turn to do sth.
●It’s+adj.+that 从句
●It takes/ took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.
(4)作形式宾语,代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正宾语,常用在动词 find, think, make, consider, feel 等后。 如:
I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。
注意
it, one, that作代词时的区别:
(1)it指同类同物,即用来指上文提及的同一个事物或前面提及的情况。it可代替可数名词单数或不可数名词。
She enjoys the story because it is very interesting.
她喜欢这个故事,因为它很有趣。
(2)one 指同类异物,即用来避免重复可数名词单数。泛指上文提及的同类人或事物中的一个,其复数形式为ones, 其所有格形式为one’s。
My sweater is very old. I’ll buy a new one.
我的毛衣很旧了。我要买一件新的。
(3)that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复,复数形式是those。
The weather in Shenyang is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.
冬天沈阳的天气比广州冷。
基础训练
1.—Who is singing in the classroom?
—________ must be my sister. She likes singing.
A.It B.She C.This D.He
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——谁在教室里唱歌? —— 一定是我妹妹,她喜欢唱歌。
考查代词的用法。It它;She她;This这个;He他。在表示猜测的时候用代词it代替所问的人,故选A。
2.This is _______ one-month-old baby. The baby can't look after _______.
A.a; himself B.an; herself C.a; itself D.an; itself
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这是一个一个月大的婴儿。这个婴儿无法照顾自己。
考查冠词和反身代词。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于以元音音素开头的单词前;himself他自己;herself她自己;itself它自己。空格后“one”是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以第一个空填a。在不确定性别时,用代词it指代,其对应的反身代词是itself,故选C。
3.— Listen! There’s someone knocking at the door.
— Oh,_______must be Jim. It’s time for him to get home now.
A.he B.this C.it D.that
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——听! 有人在敲门。——哦,一定是吉姆。 现在是他该回家的时候了。
考查代词。he他;this这;it它;that那。当不确定性别时,可以用it代指人,故选C。
4.We won’t go sightseeing if ____ tomorrow.
A.it rains B.it will rain C.it would rain D.it rained
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析:句意:如果明天下雨,我们就不去观光了。当主句描述将来动作时,从句中用一般现在时态表示将来动作,故选A。
考点:从句中的时态
点评:英语宾语从句的时态和主句没有必然的联系,需结合语境进行具体分析。而英语状语从句的时态与主句有比较紧密的联系,若主句为一般将来时,时间和条件状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来,而不能直接使用将来时态。
5.You got up so late. ________ is normal for you to miss the bus.
A.It B.That C.There
【答案】A
【解析】句意:你起得太晚了。对你来说错过公交车是正常的。
考查it作形式主语。It它;That那个;There那里。根据“… is normal for you to miss the bus.”可知,此处是固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”,意为“对某人来说做某事是……”,其中“It”作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式“to miss the bus”。故选A。
6.—What do you think of tomorrow’s basketball match?
—I think________ difficult for us________ the match.
A.we’ll be; winning B.it’ll be; winning C.we’ll be; to win D.it’ll be; to win
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你认为明天的篮球赛会怎么样?——我认为对我们来说,要赢得比赛是很难的。
考查it作形式主语。这里I think后面是宾语从句,it’ll be+ 形容词+for sb to do sth“对于某人来说做某事是……”,it作形式主语,不定式是真正主语。故选D。
7.Is ________ possible to fly to the Moon in a spaceship?
A.this B.that C.it D./
【答案】C
【解析】句意:坐宇宙飞船飞往月球有可能吗?
考查代词。this这,这个;that那,那个;it它;/不填。根据“Is ... possible to fly to the Moon in a spaceship?”可知,固定句型:It is+adj.+to do sth.,it是形式主语,真正的主语是“to fly to the moon in a spaceship”。故选C。
8.________ is better to be safe than sorry.
A.What B.This C.That D.It
【答案】D
【解析】句意:宁可事先谨慎有余,莫要事后追悔莫及。
考查形式主语。What什么;This这个;That那个;It它。根据“...is better to be safe than sorry.”可知,空处需It为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式。故选D。
9.I think ________ is really hard for them to climb so high.
A.this B.it C.that D.what
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我认为对他们来说爬得这么高真的很难。
考查代词辨析。this这个;it它;that那个;what什么。在“think+宾语从句”结构中,当宾语从句的主语是动词不定式“to climb so high”时,为了避免句子头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语,故选B。
10.It’s very important for us ________ healthy.
A.to keep B.keep C.keeping
【答案】A
【解析】句意:对我们来说保持健康很重要。
考查非谓语动词。to keep动词不定式;keep动词原形;keeping动名词或现在分词。It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.为固定句型,意为“对于某人来说做某事是怎么样的”,it为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。故选A。
11.It’s the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
A.状语 B.真正的主语 C.表语 D.谓语
【答案】B
【解析】句意:为孩子提供一个干净舒适的家庭环境是父母的责任。
考查it作形式主语。分析题干,可知为“it’s +名词+to do sth”句型,表示“做某事是……”,it为形式主语,to do不定式作真正的主语。故选B。
12.It is easy for us ________ English well if we put our hearts into it.
A.learning B.learn C.to learn
【答案】C
【解析】句意:如果我们用心学英语,学好英语会很简单。
考查非谓语动词辨析。根据“it’s+adj. for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事……”,此题应选动词不定式。故选C。
13.________ wasn’t s easy to predict weather in the past.
A.It B.These C.This D.Its
【答案】A
【解析】句意:过去预测天气并不容易。
考查it作形式主语。It is/was+adj.+to do sth“做某事……”,it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式。故选A。
14.It’s very important ________ us ________ hard.
A.for; to study B.of; to studying C.for; studying D.of; studying
【答案】A
【解析】句意:努力学习对我们来说非常重要。
考查非谓语动词。for对……来说;to study不定式;of……的;to studying结构错误;studying动名词。根据“It’s very important...”可知此处考查句型“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth”,it是形式主语,to do是句子真正的主语。故选A。
15.The Beijing Opera is good to see, but ________ is difficult to understand the words.
A.that B.this C.it D.these
【答案】C
【解析】句意:京剧很好看,但是台词很难理解。
考查代词辨析。that那个;this这个;it它;these这些。根据“…is difficult to understand the words”可知,此处是it固定句型it is+adj+to do sth.“做某事是……的”,it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式。故选C。
16.It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go to the dining hall.
A.have B.having C.for have D.to have
【答案】D
【解析】句意:到吃午饭的时间了。我们去餐厅吧。
考查不定式。have吃,动词原形;having吃,动名词;for have吃;to have吃,to do不定式。根据“It’s time...lunch.”并结合选项可知为“It’s time to do”,意为“到做某事的时间了”,it为形式主语,to do为真正的主语。故选D。
17.It is important for us ________ English well.
A.learn B.learning C.to learn D.learned
【答案】C
【解析】句意:学好英语对我们来说很重要。
考查to do不定式。learn学习,动词原形;learning学习,动名词;to learn学习,to do不定式;learned学习,过去式。分析题干,可知为“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”,意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”,It作形式主语,to do不定式作真正主语。故选C。
18.________ is very important for us to learn Chinese well.
A.This B.That C.It D.One
【答案】C
【解析】句意:对我们来说,学好汉语是非常重要的。
考查It作形式主语。根据“…is very important for us to learn Chinese well.”可知,“It is+形容词+ (for sb.) +to do sth.”是固定句式,意为“对某人来说做某事是……”,其中It作形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式。故选C。
19.Gork said ________ was their custom to kill all the aliens in the cave.
A.it B.that C.this D.he
【答案】A
【解析】句意:Gork说,杀死洞穴里的所有外星人是他们的习俗。
考查代词。it它;that那个;this这个;he他。根据“… was their custom to kill all the aliens in the cave”可知,这里是it作形式主语,to kill all the aliens in the cave是真正的主语。故选A。
20.—All of us think ________ dangerous for children to play with fire.
—I agree. It’s important ________ to be safe all the time.
A.it is; of them B.it; for them C.that is; of them D.that; for them
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我们所有人都认为孩子玩火是危险的。——我同意。对他们来说始终保持安全是很重要的。
考查it作形式宾语和it固定句型。第一空为“think it adj for sb to do”句型,it作形式宾语;第二空为“it’s important for sb to do”句型,意为“对某人来说做某事是重要的”,故选B。
21.He found ________ very interesting to ride a horse.
A.its B.that C.this D.it
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他发现骑马很有趣。
考查it作形式宾语。its它的;that那个;this这个;it它。分析句子可知,“to ride a horse”是真正的宾语,此处需要it作为形式宾语,句子结构为“find it+形容词+真正宾语”。故选D。
22.He finds ________ difficult to finish the task all by himself.
A.it B.this C.that
【答案】A
【解析】句意:他发现独自完成这项任务很困难。
考查代词辨析。it它;this这个;that那个。分析句子结构可知,此处为固定句式“find it+adj. to do sth.”,意为“发现做某事是……的”。故选A。
23.We find ________ hard for us to learn English well in a short time.
A.it B.one C.that
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们发现在短时间内学好英语对我们来说很难。
考查形式宾语。it特指上文提到的同一事物;one泛指上文提到过的同类事物中的一个;that用于特指前文提到的同类事物。根据题干可知,find后应用it作形式宾语,后面的动词不定式结构作真正宾语。故选A。
24.—All of us think _______ dangerous for children to play with fire.
—Yes. It’s important _______ them to be safe all the time.
A.it is; of B.it; for C.that is; of D.that; for
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我们所有人都认为孩子玩火是危险的。——是的。对他们来说始终保持安全是重要的。
考查it作形式宾语和it固定句型。第一空为“think it adj for sb to do”句型,it作形式宾语;第二空为“it’s important for sb to do”句型,意为“对某人来说做某事是重要的”,故选B。
25.It is necessary _______ students _______ part in outdoor activities.
A.for; to taking B.for; to take C.of; to taking D.of; to take
【答案】B
【解析】句意:对学生来说,参加户外活动是有必要的。
考查it固定句型和介词辨析。分析句子可知,此处是“It is +形容词+ for/of sb. + to do sth.”的句型,排除AC选项;当形容词用来描述不定式所表示的动作的性质、特征时,用介词 for;当形容词用来描述人的性格、品质等时,用介词 of。句中necessary“必要的”是描述“学生参加户外活动”这件事的性质,而不是描述学生的品质,应用介词for,排除D。故选B。
26.It is impossible ________ me ________ all the new words in such a short time.
A.of; to remember B.of; remember
C.for; remember D.for; to remember
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我不可能在这么短的时间内记住所有的新单词。
考查it的固定句式。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,此处为固定句式“it is+adj. for/of sb. to do sth.”,当形容词描述事物的性质,介词用for,若形容词描述人的特性,介词用of;impossible“不可能的”,描述事物的性质,介词用for。故选D。
27.It’s really ________ him to save the boy out of the fire.
A.wise of B.wise for C.brave for D.brave of
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他把男孩从火中救出来真的很勇敢。
考查固定句型和形容词辨析。“It’s+形容词+of/for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型,当形容词描述人的性格、品质时用of,当形容词描述事情的性质时用for。wise和brave都是描述人的品质的形容词,这里说从火中救人,体现的是他勇敢的品质,应该用brave of。故选D。
28.It’s necessary ________ us to keep the classroom ________ every day.
A.for; clean B.of; clean C.for; cleaning D.of; cleaning
【答案】A
【解析】句意:对我们来说,每天保持教室干净是有必要的。
考查介词辨析和非谓语动词。根据“It’s necessary...us to keep the classroom...every day.”可知,句中“It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”是一个固定句型,意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”,这里用“for”来引出不定式动作的逻辑主语,所以第一空用“for”;“keep+宾语+形容词”表示“使……保持某种状态”,“clean”在这里作宾语补足语,用来补充说明“the classroom”的状态,所以第二空用“clean”。故选A。
29.—Let me help you carry the box, Ms Wang.
—Thank you, Li Ping. It’s very nice ________ you ________ me.
A.of; to help B.for; to help C.of; helping D.for; helping
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——让我帮你搬这个箱子吧,王女士。——谢谢你,李平。你帮助我真是太好了。
考查it固定句型。“It’s + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth.”的用法。在该句型中,若形容词描述的是人的品质、性格等,如kind、nice、clever等,要用介词of;若形容词描述的是事物的性质、特点,如important、difficult、necessary等,要用介词for。本题中“nice”用于描述“you”的品质,所以要用介词of。同时,该句型中真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语,所以第二个空应填to help。故选A。
30.It is wrong ________ us ________ look down upon (看不起) the disabled people.
A.of; to B.for; for C.to; to D.of; for
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们看不起残疾人是不对的。
考查it固定句型。It is+形容词+of sb+to do sth,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故选A。
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