第12章 非谓语动词-2024-2025学年初中英语语法表解大全

初中英语词汇语法表解大全 中考考点二连词 第十三章主谓一致 一、等立连词与并列句 中考考点一中考单选真题 58-60DBB 61-66 DDDAAC 1-5 ACBCA 6-10 BCBAA 二、从属连词与状语从句 11-15 BBADA 16-20ABBDA 67-70 DCAB 71-75 ADBCA 21-25 CCCBC 26-27BD 76-80 BADDC 81-85 AABBC 第十章 定语从句 中考考点二词汇运用 28.is 29.has 中考考点中考单选真题 30.do 31.am 1-5 CCACB 6-10 DBBBA 32.reaches 33.i8 11-15 BACBA 16-20 DCCAA 34.are 35.is 21-25 BCAAA 26-30 CBBBA 36.is 37.is 31-35 BCADA 38.goes 39.is 第十一章 名词性从句 第十四章 简单句与情景交际 中考考点一中考单选真题 中考考点一特殊疑问句 1-5 CDBAC 6-10 DADDB 1-5 BACBA 6-7AB 11-15 DADBC 16-20 CBDBB 中考考点□HOw词组辨析 21-25 BBBDB 26-30 CDDBD 8-10ABB 11-15 BAAAA 16-19 ADCC 中考考点二完成句子 31.if/whether she could do 中考考点三感叹句 32.if/whether;had 20-25 CABBBB 26-30 BCACD 33.if/whether;has 31-35 DACCC 34.which;you sang 中考考点四析使句 第十二章非谓语动词 36-40 CBAAB 41-43CBA 中考考点一中考单选真题 中考考点五交际用语 1-5 DBCCB 6-10 BADBC 44-45AA 46-50 AACBA 11-15 BCADC 16-20 CACCB 51-55 CDDDA 56-60 DCCAA 21-25 CBBDA 26-30 CBBDD 61-65 BACCA 66-70 CABBC 31-35 CDBAB 36-40 BBADB 71-75 DACCA 76-80 ABDBC 41-45 CBCAB 46-50 CCBDB 81-85 BAACA 86-88CBA 51-55 BCBDB 56-60 CDDBD 第十五章 倒装 61-64 BCAC 中考考点一部分倒装 中考考点二词汇运用 1-5 BADAC 6-10 BBCCC 65.solving 66.putting 11-15 BCADB 16-20 CBACA 21-25 BDABD 67spreading 68.to circle 69.to have 70.playing 中考考点二全部倒装 71.saving 26-30 ACCBB 31-34 DBAB初中英语词汇语法表解大全 第十二章 非谓语动词 __ 非谓语动词的时态、语态及句法功能 时态 主动语态 被动语态 种类 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 不定式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 一般式 doing being done 动名词 完成式 having done having been done 一般式 doing being done 现在分词 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done II 动词不定式 功能及用法 示 例 (1) To learn English well is very important. (作主语) -It is very important to learn English well. (作主语) 学好英语是非常重要的。(It作形式主语,真正的主语后置 (2)His hope is to learnEnglish well.(作表语)他的希望是学好英语 动词不定式(短语)没有人称 (3)He wants to learnEnglishwell.(作宾语)他想学好英语 和数的变化,虽在句子中不能 (4) He wants his son to learn English well.(作宾语补足语) 作谓语,但仍保留动词的特 点,并具有名词、形容词和副 他想让他I字学好英语 (5)He is theboy to leamEnglishwell.(作定语)他就是要学好英语的那个男孩 词的特征,因此在句中可以作 (6)He comes here (in order/so as) to learn English well. (作目的状语 主语,表语、宾语、宾语补足 →He comes here in order that/ so that he can learn English well 语、定语和状语。 他来这儿是为了学好英语。 (7)HeisveryhappytoleamEnglishwell.(作原因状语)他很高兴英语学得好 (8) He is too stupid to learn English well.(作结果状语) →He is so stupid that he can't learn English well.他太笨,学不好英语 动词不定式一般式:与谓语动(1)Iamverygladtomeetyouagain.很高兴再次见到你。(同时发生) 词动作同时发生或在其后发生 (2)Iaskedhimtomeet you soon.我要他不久去见你。(在谓语之后发生 动词不定式进行式:表示谓语 (1)We didn't expect you tobe waiting for us here.我们没想到你在这儿L等我们 动词动作发生时不定式动作正 (2) Ihappened to be sleeping when you called.你打电话时我正睡觉呢 在进行 动词不定式完成式:先于谓语 (1)Ihappenedto have readthe bookbefore.碰巧以前我读过这本书 (2) I am sorry to have brought you so much trouble 动词动作之前发生 真对不起,给你添了这么多麻烦。 第一部分 第十二章 非谓语动词 续表 功能及用法 示 例 在afford担负得起/agree同意 (1) I can't afford to stay at a five-star hotel. 我住不起五星级酒店 /arrange安排/attempti试图 (2)They decide to change their mind.他们决定改变主意。 care介意/choose选择/dare (3)We managed to put the fire out. 我们终于把火扑灭了。 敢/decide决定/demand要求 (4)They failed to fulfill the plan.他们没能完成计划 /deserve值得/determine决心 (5)He agreed to pay $4.ooo for the car.他同意出四千美元买这辆车 expect期望/fail未能/fear害怕 (6) He seemed to know everything about this matter /happen碰巧j/hope希望/intend 他似乎对这件事情了如指掌。 企图/long渴望/manage设法 (7)I happened to see him on the street.我碰巧在街上见到他 offer提出/plan计划/prepare准 (8)Tom promised not to let out the secret. 汤姆答应不泄漏那个秘密 备/pretend假装/promise许诺 (9) The boys offer to help the old woman. refuse拒绝/wish希望等动词后 男孩们提出要帮助那位老妇人。 +to do sth 在advise劝告/allow允许/ask要 求/beg恳求/direct指导/cause促 (1)The doctor advised him to give up smoking. 医生建议他戒烟 使/command指挥/enable使能够 (2)Allowme to introduce myself to you.请允许我向你作自我介绍 encourage鼓励/expect期望/force (3) The teacher encouraged her students to ask questions 迫使/forbid禁止/get使得/hate讨 老师鼓励她的学生问问题。 厌/hire雇请/inspire鼓舞/intend (4)I expected him to arrive on Saturday. 我估计他星期六到 打算要/invite邀请/instruct指 (5) They have invited me to go to Paris with them 示y/lead引l导/order命令/teach教 他们邀请我和他们一同去巴黎。 permit允许/persuade 说服/tell告 (6)Visitors are not permitted to take photographs. 参观者请勿拍照 诉/recommend荐举/remind提 (7)The general ordered his men to keep quiet.将军命令战士们安静 醒/request要求/urge力劝/want想 (8)Tell the children not to play on the street 告诉孩子们不要在街上玩要。 要/wam警告/wish希望等动词后 (9)Please remindme to post this letter. 请提醍我发这封信 +sb. to do sth 在ask询间/advise建议/consider (1)I'll ask himhowto operate the machine.我来问他怎样操作这台机器。 考虑/decide决定/discover发现 (2)I don'tknowwhat todo next.我不知道下一步该怎么做。 explain解释/guess猜想/find out (3)I forgot howto say it inEnglish.我忘了这话用英语怎么说 查明/inquire打听/know知道/ (4)He wonderedwhether to tum leftor right.他不知道该向左拐还是向右拐 learn学会/rememberi记得/see明 (5)Iexplain(tothem)howtodo it 我来对他们说明怎样做那件事 白/show演示/tell说出/think考 (6)Ican't guess when to start.我猜不出何时动身 虑/understand懂得/wonder想知 (7) I failed to find out how to get to the station.我没有弄清怎样去火车站 道等动词后+疑问词+todosth. (8)Do you understandwhat to do next?你们知道下一步做什么吗? 在do nothing but只好/had better (1)You had better take her advice.你最好采纳她的建议 最好/may(might)as well不 (2)We cando nothingbut wait here.我们只好在这lL等着 妨,最好/wouldrather宁愿/ (3)You might as well listen to his suggestion.你不妨听听他的建议 why not为什么不等短语后+do (4) I would rather not go there.我倒不希望去那儿 _sth. (5)Why not go out for a walk after supper?晚饭后为什么不出去走走? 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 续表 功能及用法 示 例 在have使/ leti让/ make使得 (1) We must have someone repair the computer notice注意到/observe观察 我们必须叫人来修这台电脑。 watch注视/see看见/look at看 (2)Did you notice him enter the office?你注意到他走进办公室了吗? hear听见/listen to听/feel觉得 (3)I sawhim enter the cinema.我看见他进了电影院 help帮助等动词(短语)后+sb (4)1 like to listen to the children talk.我喜欢听孩子们谈话 do sth. (5)We observed her walk away with a smile. 我们看到她微笑着走开了 ★(6)The boss made her work long hours.老板让她长时间工作。 *但如若主动语态变成被动语 →She was made to work long hours by the boss. 态,作宾语补足语的动词不定 ★(7) Ioften hear her sing this song.我经常听她唱这首歌 式需带“to” →She is often heard to sing this song by me. ★诀:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(let,make,have),四看(see,watch,notice. lookat),半帮助(help) ★口诀:感使动词真奇怪,to在句中象妖怪。主动句里它走开,被动句里它回来。动词let要除外,to词可 来可不来。 (1) I was about to go out when it began to rain 我正要出去天开始下起雨来了。 在be about toi正要/be going to (2)What are you going to do when you grow up?你长大了想干什么 打算/be able to能够/have to不 (3) Though he was tired, he was able to swim across the river. 得不/used to过去惯常/ought to 虽然他很累了,但是他还是能游过河。 (4) She arrived early in order to /so as to get a good seat 应该/be supposed to应该/so as to为了/in order to为了/too..to 她早早到场,为了找个好位置。 太......而不....../set out to着手 (5)He usedto get up early, but he doesn't. 他过去常早起,但现在不了。 等短语后+dosth (6)You ought to respect old people.你应该尊敬老人。 (7) You are not supposed to walk on the grass. 不准践踏草地 (8)She set out tobreak the world record.她一心努力要打破世界纪录。 (9)He is too young to join the army.他太小,不能参军。 (1)I think it necessary for us to reada lot. 我认为大量阅读是必要的 当不定式作宾语,而后面又有 (2) He find it impossible to make her change her mind 宾语补足语时,常用it作形式 他发现使她改变主意是不可能的。 宾语,而将不定式后置。常见 (3) He made it a rule only to speak English in class 结构为:consider/feel/find 他规定课上只能讲英语。 make/think...+it+宾补+to do (4) I feel it our duty to prevent the environment sth. 我感觉我们有责任保护环境。 (5) I consider it a good habit to get up early.我认为早起是个好习惯 . 动名词 爷 功能及用法 例 (1) Walking does good to people's health. (作主语) 散步有益于人们的健康 动名词形式由动词原形+ing构 (2) His hobby is walking after supper every day. (作表语) 成,它兼有动词和名词的特 他的爱好是每天晚饭后散步 征,因此在句中可以作主语。 (3) The old man is a walking dictionary. (作定语) 表语、定语、动词的宾语。 这位老人是个活字典。 介词的宾语,但不能单独作谓 (4) He enjoys walking after supper every day. (作宾语) 语。 他喜欢每天晚饭后散步 (5) He is fond of walking after supper every day.(作介词的宾语) 他喜欢每天晚饭后散步 动名词一般式:与谓语动词动 (1)Would you mindmy using your computer?你介意我用下你的电脑吗? 作同时发生 (2)We hada good time dancing with them.我们同他们跳舞玩得很开心。 第一部分 第十二章 非谓语动词 续表 功能及用法 示 例 动名词完成式:先于谓语动词 (1)Hedidn'tmentionhavingfailedthe exam.他没提及考试失败的事。 动作之前发生 (2) I'm sorry for not having kept my promise. 我很抱歉没能遵守我的诺言。 (1) The girl avoided giving her any personal information 在admit承认/appreciate感激 这个女核拒绝告诉她任何个人情况 avoid避免/consider考虑/delayl耽 (2 ) I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon 搁/enjoy喜欢/escapei逃避/excuse 希望你今天下午给我回电话,谢谢。 原谅/fancy想象/finish完成 (3)He admitted taking the money.他承认钱是他拿的 imagine想象/mind介意/miss错 (4) I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议 过/keep保持/permit允许/practice (5)They risked losing their jobs.他们冒着失去工作的风险 练习/quit放弃/risk冒险/suggest (6)Would you mind passing me the newspaper?把报纸递给我好吗? 建议后+doing sth (7) I ean't imagine living without water or electricity in summer. 我无法想象夏天没有电和水该怎样生活。 (1)They are busy in reviewing their lessons now.现在他们正忙于复习功课 动词跟在介词后要用动名词形 (2) I'm tired of having the same kind of food every day. 式,跟动名词的短语很多. 天天吃同样的东西我感到腻了 常见的有:be afraidof害怕/be (3) Nobody can prevent him from running the risk busy in忙于/be fond of喜欢/be 没有人能够阻止他去冒险。 tired of讨厌/be proud ofl以..... (4)We're walking insteadof riding.我们以步代车 自豪/succeed in成功/think about (5) He isbound to succeed indoing the experiment. 他一定会试验成功 考虑/excuse...for原谅/prevent... (6)Thank you for doing me a real favor. 感谢你实实在在地帮了我的忙 from阻止/thank...for感谢 (7) I am sorry for not handing in my homework on time congratulate..on祝贺/for fear of 很抱歉我没有按时交作业。 唯恐/insteadof代替,而不等 (8)Boys are fondof playing football. 男孩子喜欢踢足球 (9)What do you feel like doing this weekend?这周末你想做什么? 在admit to承认/be used to习 惯于/be devoted to致力于/be (1)She admitted to having stolen the car. 她供认偷了那辆车 equal to能胜任/be opposed to反 (2) He was devoted to studying the cause of cancer 对/object to反对/stickto坚持 他致力干研究瘟症的起因。 (3) In spite of his illness, he stuck to working on his novel. get down to着手做/look forward 尽管有病,他还坚持写他的小说 to期盼/pay attention to注意 (4) I am looking forward to hearing from you.我在期盼收到你的来信。 prefer...to喜欢......胜过...... (5) You should pay more attention to studying your subjects come close to接近/ witness toi证 你应多注意学习你的功课。 实/treat oneself to舍得做......等 (6)The oldman prefers walking to driving.那老人喜欢走路,不喜欢开车。 短语后+doing sth. 130 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 IV 现在分词 示 功能及用法 例 (1) He is the boy swimming in the river just now. (作定语) 他就是刚才在河里游冰的那个男孩。 (2)My sister is swimming.(作表语) 现在分词的形式与动名词同形,现在 我的姐姐正在游冰。 分词兼有动词、形容词、副词的特 (3) I found him swimming in the river just now.(作宾语补足语) 征,因而在句中可以作定语、表语。 我发现他刚才在河里游泳 宾语补足语、主语补足语和状语等 (4)He was found swimming in the river just now. (作主语补足语) 我发现他刚才在河里游泳。 (5) Swimming in the river in summer, we can feel cool. (作状语) 夏天在河里游冰,我们可以感到凉爽 (1) We walked along the river bank, talking and laughing 现在分词一般式: 我们沿河岸有说有笑地走着。 与谓语动词同时发生 (2) Following the guide, we walked through the forest 跟着向导,我们穿越了森林 (1) Having lived in Paris for years, I know it very well. 现在分词完成式. 由于在巴黎生活多年,我对这儿非常熟悉。 先干谓语动词之前发生 (2) Having been criticized by the teacher. Tom felt very sad. 因为受了老师的批评,汤姆感到非常难过 现在分词作表语:;作表语的现在分词. (1)What he said was very encouraging. 他的话很鼓舞人心 往往具有形容词的性质,说明主语的性 (2)Surfing online is very exciting. 网上冲浪很刺激 质或特征 现在分词作补足语:它一般在catch (1) I caught her smoking in the bathroom 抓住/feel感觉到/have让,使/keep使处 我撞见她在盟洗室里抽烟。 于某种状态/get使得/see看见/hear听见/ (2 ) I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long 对不起让你久等了 find发现/leave使处于某种状态/notice注 (3) He was seen working in the garden 意到/watch注视/smell闻到等动词+宾 有人看见他在花园里干活。 语后面作宾语补足语,表示一个由宾 (4) I didn't notice him leaving the room.我没看到他离开房间 语正在做的动作。 (5)I smelt somethingburning.我闻到有东西烧糊了 (1) The English language has an interesting history 英语有着饶有趣味的发展历史。 现在分词作定语:分词独立作定语 (2) Man alive! What an exciting ball game! 时,多放在被修饰词前;分词短语作 我的天啊!这球赛真是太精彩了! 定语时,应放在被修饰的词后;分词 (3) The boy reading (=who is reading) under a tree is a newcomer. 短语作定语可与定语从句转换 正在树下看书的那个男孩是一个新来者 (4) This is the path leading (=that leads) to the school 这就是通往学校的小路 第一部分 第十二章 非谓语动词 续表 示 功能及用法 例 (1) Hearing (-When he heard) the good news, he jumped for joy. 当听到这个好消息时,他高兴地跳了起来。(时间) (2 ) Living (=Because I live) far from school, I have to rise early every day 由于住得离学校太远,我每天不得不早起。(原因) 现在分词作状语:现在分词作状语可表 (3) The fire lasted a night, causing (-and it caused) great damage 大火烧了一夜,造成很大损失。(结果) 示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、 (4) Working (=If you work) hard, you will succeed 方式或伴随等情况,用来修饰谓语动词 努力学习,你一定能成功。(条件) 或整个句子,一般都可与相应的状语 (5) Admiring (-Though I admire) him much, I can't excuse his faults 从句和并列句转换 我虽然崇拜他,但我不能原谅他的过错。(让步) (6) They stood there. glaring (=and glared) at each other 他们站在那儿,彼此怒视着。 (7) Generally speaking, he is easy to get along with 总的来说,他是比较容易相处的。(评论) V 过去分词 功能及用法 晚 完 (1) The mountain is covered with snow all the year round. (作表语) 那座山终年被雪覆盖。 (2) The mountain covered with snow is hard to climb up.(作后置定语) 过去分词的形式一般在词尾 -The mountain which is covered with snow is hard to climb up. 加+ed(但要注意许多动词的 那座被雪覆盖的山很难爬上去。 过去分词是不规则的),过 (3) I find the mountain covered with snow.(作宾语补足语 去分词兼有动词、形容词。 -I find that the mountain is covered with snow 副词的特征,因而在句中可 我发现那座山被雪覆盖。 以作定语、表语、宾语补足 (4) The mountain is found covered with snow.(作主语补足语) 语,主语补足语和状语等 那座山发现被雪覆盖 (5) Covered with snow, the mountain is seldom visited. (作原因状语) -Because it is covered with snow, the mountain is seldom visited 那座山因被雪覆盖,很少有人光顾 过去分词作表语多表示主 语所处的状态,常用此结 (1)He was accustomed to living in this city.他习惯于在这个都市生活 构的短语有:be accustomed (2)The storywas basedon real life.那个故事是根据现实生活而写的。 to习惯于/be based on根据 (3) I was caught in a heavy rain on my way home /be caught in突然遭遇/be 我在回家的路上遇到一场大雨。 concerned about关心;挂念 (4) People began to be concerned about the air pollution here /be excited about对....感 人们开始对这里的大气污染表示忧虑 到兴奋/be facedwith面临/be (5) People now are faced with the rising prices filled with充满着/be interested 人们现在面临着物价上涨的问题。 in对......感兴趣/be satisfied (6) The children are interested in fairy tales with对......表示满意/be tired 孩子们都喜欢童话故事。 of对.....厌烦 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 续表 功能及用法 示 例 (1) When he got to school, he saw the door locked 过去分词作宾语补足语,多用 当他到学校时,他看见门锁着。 (2) He had his left arm broken in the match yesterday 在see/hear/notice/watch/keep 昨天比赛中他的左胳膊摔断了。 find/feel/have/make/get/leave (3) Can you make yourself understood in English? 等动词+宾语后,用来补充 你能用英语把意思表达清楚吗 说明宾语意义的成分 (4) Don't leave the door broken like this all the time 不要让门一直这样坏着。 (1) Asked(=When he was asked) about his family, he made no answer. 当间问到有关他的家庭情况时,他没做回答。(表时间) 过去分词或过去分词短语作 (2 ) Injured (=Because he was injured) badly, he was taken to hospital 状语,用来修饰谓语动词或整 因伤势严重,他被送往医院。(表原因) 个句子,表示动作发生的时 (3) Seen (=If it is seen) from the hill. the city looks more beautiful 间、原因、条件、让步或伴 从山上着,这座城市看上去更漂亮 随等情况,一般都可以变为 (4) Defeated(=Though he was defeated) again, the scientist didn't give up 相应的状语从句或并列句。 尽管又失败了,这位科学家仍没有放弃。(表让步) (5) The teacher entered the lab, followed (= and he was followed) by us 老师走进实验室,我们在后面跟着。(表伴随) 过去分词作定语:单个过去 (1)The lost time can never be found again. 时光一去不复返 分词作定语一般放在被修饰 (2)The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 地上盖满了落叶 词的前面,过去分词短语作 (3) He looked at me with an excited face 定语,常放在被修饰词的后 他面带着兴奋的表情看着我 面。有时,作后置定语的分 (4) The novel written (-which was written) by Mo Yan is worth reading 词短语前后可以用逗号隔 这本由莫言写的小说值得一看。 开,相当于一个非限制性定 (5) The computer center, opened(一which was opened)last year, is popular 语从句。 withstudents.去年开办的那个电脑中心很受学生的欢迎 VI 非谓语动词之间的用法比较 示 功能及用法 例 1.现在分词:(1)表“主动” (1)China isadeveloping country.中国是一个发展中的国家 -China is a country which is developing (2)表“进行” (2)I sawhimwriting a novel.我看见他在写一部小说 -I saw that he was writing a novel. 2.过去分词:(1)表“被动” (1)He was reading a novel writtenbyDickens.他在看狄更斯写的小说 =He was reading a novel which was written by Dickens (2)表“完成” (2)Japan isadeveloped country.日本是一个发达的国家 =Japan is a country which has developed 第一部分 第十二章 非谓语动词 续表 功能及用法 示 3.动名词:(1)表“经验” (1)Swimming(表经验)benefits our health.游冰有益于健康 (2)表“抽象” (2)Swimming(表抽象) ismy favorite sport.游冰是我最喜爱的运动 (3)表“习惯” (3)I like swimming(表习惯)everyday.我喜欢每天游泳 (4)表“发生” (4) I remember swimming(表发生)in the lake before 我记得以前在那湖里游过泳。 4.不定式:(1)表“将来” (1)I don't like to swim(表具体)today.我今天不喜欢游泳。 (2)表“具体” (2)Iwould like to swim(表将来)tomorrow.我想明天游泳 (3)表“偶然” (3) I happened to swim (表偶然) in the Milky way in my dream 在梦里,我碰巧在银河系里游泳。 (4)表“意外” (4) He lifted a rock only to drop (表意外)it on his own feet 他搬起石头砸了自已的脚 (1)sleeping car(卧车)tA car is sleeping. 5.动名词和现在分词作定语 (2) swimming pool(游泳池)zA pool is swimming 的区别:动名词在句中作 动名词 (3)walking stick(拐杖)zA stick is walking 定语和它修饰的名词没有 (4)waiting room(候车室)-A room is waiting 主谓关系;现在分词在句 (1)sleeping child(一个在睡觉的孩子)一Achild is sleeping 中作定语和它修饰的名词 现在分词 (2)swimmingboy(一个在游泳的男孩)一Aboy is swimming 有主谓关系 (3)walking man(一个在行走的人)一Aman is walking (4)waiting girl(一个在等待的女孩)一Agirl is waiting 6. 现在分词和过去分词作定 the rising sun (=the sun that is rising) 正在升起的太阳 语的区别:现在分词表 the risen sun(=the sun which has risen)升起了的太阳 示一个主动的动作正在进 a falling leave (=a leave that is falling)一片正在飘落的叶子 行:过去分词则表示动作 a fallen leave (-a leave which has fallen)一片落过的叶子 已经完成,不及物动词只 the boiling water (=the water which is boiling) 正在沸腾的水 表完成,及物动词既表完 成又表被动 the boiled water (=the water which has been boiled) 已煮开的水 (1) We started early in order/so as not to miss the bus 为了不误公共汽车,我们出发得早 (2)He told me not tobe late for school. 他告诉我上学不要迟到 7. 非谓语的否定式:非谓语 (3)I regretted not taking your advice. 我后悔没采纳你的建议 的否定式是在(动词不定 (4) Not knowing how to do it, he asked me for help. 式、动名词、现在分词。 因为不知道该怎么做这件事,他向我求助。 过去分词)等相应的非谓 (5) Not having seen her for a long time, I missed her very much 语形式前+not 很长时间未见到她,我很想念她。 (6) Not treated in time, the disease may cause death 这种病如不及时治疗会引起死亡。 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 续表 功能及用法 示 例 8. amaze使惊奇/amuse使开 心/ confuse使糊涂/delight C They were very disappointed at the result of the game 使高兴/disappoint使失望 他们对比赛的结果极为失望 (1) / discourage使泄气/ excite It was disappointing that he had lost the game. 使兴奋/frighten使害怕 (失望的是他输了那场比赛。 inspire使鼓舞/move使感动 rShe was excited about the result of his exam. /interest使感兴趣/surprise 她对他的考试结果感到兴奋 使惊奇/tire使疲劳/trouble (2) The result of his exam was very exciting 使麻烦/upset使心烦意乱 I他的考试结果是令人激动的。 /worry使烦恼等使.....之 类的动词一般多采用下列 (The book is very interesting.那本书非常有趣 句型: (3) The book interests me.那本书使我感兴趣。 It is a very interestingbook.它是一本非常有趣的书 sb.+be+-ed分词(作表语) sth.+be+-ing分词(作表 I am interested in thebook.我对这本书感兴趣 语) (4)The puzzled mother was puzzled at the puzzling question with a puzzled -ed分词作定语+sb.或sb.'s expression.那位迷惑不解的妈妈带着一种迷惑不解的表情对那个迷惑 面部表情 的问题感到迷惑不解。 -ing分词作定语+sth remember to do sth You must remember to tell me a story tomorrow. (还没讲) 己住要做某事 你必须记住明天要给我讲一个故事 remember doing sth Can you remember tellng me the story last year?(已讲过) 记得已做过某事 你记得去年给我讲的那个故事吗? forget to do sth I will never forget seeing the Great Wall before.(看过长城) 忘记要去做某事 我将不会忘记以前看过长城。 forget doing sth I was so busy that I forgot to see the Great Wall last week. (没看长城) 忘记做过某事 我上周太忙,忘记要去看长城了。 regret to do sth I'll regret to say that he can't stay here any more. 遗憾将要做某事 我将遗憾地说他不能再待在这儿了。 regret doing sth He regretted buving these useless books yesterday. 后悔做过某事 他后悔昨天买了这些无用的书。 try to do sth He tried to cheat in the exam. but failed. 企图、尽力做某事 他企图考试舞弊,但没成功。 try doing sth He can try using another way, if this way can't do. 试着做某事 如果这种方法不行,他可以试用另一种。 mean to do sth.打算做某事 You mean to go to college. but you must know that going to college means mean doing sth.意味着 workinghard.你想上大学,但你要知道上大学意味着学习艰辛。 go on to do sth. They went on to do Exercise Two after they had finished Exercise One 接着做另一件事 他们做完练习一之后,接着做练习二。 go on doing sth They went on doing the same exercise after a short rest 继续做同一件事 他们休息一会儿后,继续做同一个练习 第一部分 第十二章 非谓语动词 功能及用法 示 例 can't help to do sth. I couldn't help to finish the work because I was so busy 不能播助做某事 因为我太忙,我不能帮助完成那件工作。 can't help doing sth I couldn't help finishing the work when I saw he was so tired 禁不住做某事 当我看到他如此累时,我禁不住帮他把那件工作做完。 stop to do sth. Class was over and they stopped to talk and laugh 停下某事去做别的事 下课了,他们停下来,然后开始说笑。 stop doing sth. When class began, they stopped talking and laughing and listened carefully 停止正在做的事 上课时,他们停止说笑,注意听讲 You must have /get the computer repaired (by someone) at once have/get sth. done 你必须马上请人把那部电脑修好 (1)请某人做某事 He had /got his computer stolen the other day (2)(主语)遭受(不幸、损 几天前他的电脑被人偷走了 失等) He has me repair the computer for him as soon as possible have done sth. 已经做完某事 他让我尽快把电脑给他修好。 havesh.dosth.让某人做某事 He has me repairing the computer all morning have sb. doing sth. 让某人一 整个上午他一直让我修理那部电脑。 直做某事 He has repaired the computer for me 他已经把那部电脑给我修好了。 see sb. do sth. I saw him say nothing at the meeting from beginning to end 看见某人做某事 自始至终,我看见他在会上一言不发。 see sb. doing sth I saw him saying to a man when I hurried to school 看见某人正在做某事 我匆忙去学校时,看见他在和一个男的说话 need(require, want) to do sth. His mother is ill and he needs to look after her at home (人、物)需要做某事(表主动) 他妈妈病了,他需要在家照看她。 need(require, want) doing He is too young and he needs looking after (事或人)需要被.....(表 =He is very young and he needs to be looked after 被动) 他年龄太小,需要被照料。 be worth doing...值得做 The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读 =be worthy to be done -The book is worthy to be read =be worthy of being done -The book is worthy of being read