第10章 定语从句-2024-2025学年初中英语语法表解大全

4 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 第十章， 定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。指代先行词放在 先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句的某一成分（主语、宾语、表语、状语等）的词 叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 类别 指代 主格 宾格 所有格 范围作主语 作宾语 作定语 示 例 I The man who/that talked to you just now is a boss whom whose= 刚才同你交谈的那个人是一个老板。（作主语） who 可省略 The man(whom/that)you talked to just now is a boss of whom 你刚才同他交谈的那个人是一个老板。（作宾语） 关 The man whose son =of whom the son is a doctor is a boss. 系 其儿子是位大夫的那个人是一个老板。（作定语） 代 (which) whose= 物 which (2 )The book that /which was read by you is a good book. 词 可省略 of which 你读的那本书是本好书。（作主语） The book (that /which)you read is a good book. 人 你读的那本书是本好书。（作宾语） (that) 或 that The book whose cover =of whom the cover was broken is a 物 可省略 good book.书皮破的那本书是本好书。（作定语） 类别 指代 范围 连接词 作…语 示 例 (I)That is the day when=on which he went to college. 时间 when-适当介词 状语 那就是他上大学的那一天。（作状语） which That is the day (which/that)he will never forget. 那就是他永远忘不了的那一天。（作宾语） That is the day which/that must be remembered by us. 地点 where-适当介词 那就是必须被我们记住的那一天。（作主语） +which 状语 (2 )This is the place where=in which he used to live 这就是他过去常住的那个地方。（作状语） This is the place(which/that)he visited before. 这就是他以前参观的那个地方。（作宾语） 关 原因 why=for which 状语 This is the place which/that has a lot of flowers. 系 这就是有许多花的那个地方。（作主语） 副 (3 )I don't know the reason why=for which he was late. 词 我不知道他迟到的原因。（作状语）》 方式 (that=in which) 状语 OI don't believe the reason (which/that)he gave me. 可省略 我不相信他给我的理由。（作宾语） OThis is the reason that/which explains the matter. 这就是说明那件事的理由。（作主语） (4)I don't like the way (that in which)he spoke to you. ★表示时间、地点、原因的先行 我不喜欢他跟你说话的那种方式。（作状语） 词作定语从句谓语动词的主 This is the way (that/which)he shows me. 语、宾语时，应用that或which 这就是他指给我的那条路。（作宾语） This is the way that/which leads to success. 这就是通向成功的路。（作主语） 第一部分 第十章定语从句 续表 类别 用 法 示 例 介词+关系代词（在句中作宾 (1 This is the girl from whom I learned the news 语)，关系代词不能省略。该结 =This is the girl (whom/that)I learned the news from. 构中的关系代词可用which,whose. 这就是我从她那里得知消息的那个女孩。 whom,不可以用that和who。选 (2)He is the man on whom you can depend. 择介词和关系代词的方法是： 介 =He is the man(whom/that)you can depend on. ★根据定语从句中的谓语选择适 词 他就是你可信赖的人。 当的介词 与 (3)This is the book to which you can refer. ★根据先行词选用适当的关系代词 ★whom(指人)，which(指物) =This is the book(which/that)you can refer to. 代 ★介词在定语从句句尾，可以省 这就是你可参考的那本书。 略作宾语的关系代词。但是介词 (4 This is the dictionary for which I paid 5 dollars. 在定语从句前面时，不能省略作 =This is the dictionary (which/that)I paid 5 dollars for. 宾语的关系代词。 这就是我花五美元买的那本词典。 ★有些“动词+介词”短语，如 (5 This is the knife (which/that)you are looking for.( look for,.look after等不可拆开， #This is the knife for which you are looking.(x) 不可将介词置于关系代词之前。 这就是你在找的那把小刀。 定语从句中究竟用关系代词还是 (1 This is the factory (that/which)I visited last year. 关系副词，把握住一个原则：弄 关系 清楚它在定语从句中充当什么成 这就是我去年参观过的那家工厂。 代词 分。充当状语，即用关系副词， (visi是及物动词，其后缺少宾语) 与关 系副 反之则用关系代词 (2 This is the factory where he used to work. 词的 般定语从句的谓语如果是及物 这就是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(wok是不及物动词) 区别 动词，后面没有宾语时就用关系 (3 )This is the museum where the exhibition was held. 代词：定语从句的谓语如果是不 及物动词，则用关系副词 这就是举办展览的那家博物馆。(was held/后缺少地点状语) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语 定语 (1)The man who is playing football is my PE teacher. 从句 时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复 数形式要与先行词一致。先行词 正在踢足球的那个人是我的体育老师。 中的 主谓 是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单 (2)I love singers who write their own music. 一致 数；先行词是复数时，从句的谓 我喜欢能自己创作音乐的歌手。 语动词用复数 (1)He said nothing that made her angry.他没有说使她生气的什么，事 (2)He said nothing.which made her angry. ★限制性定语从句与主句不用逗 他什么也没说，这使她很生气。 定 号分开；非限制性定语从句与 (3)He is the man (whom/that)you can turn to for help. 主句用过号分开 他就是你可以求助的那个人。 非 ★限制性定语从句的关系代词作 (4 )He is the man to whom you can turn for help. 限 宾语可省略：非限制性定语从 他就是你可以求助的那个人。 句的关系代词作宾语时不能省 (5)The novel (that/which)you read is very interesting. 性 略：直接跟在介词后的关系代 你读的这本小说非常有趣。 定 词作宾语时也不能省略 (6)The novel,which you read,is very interesting. 语 ★hat不引导非限制性定语从句 这本小说非常有趣，你读过它 从 ★介词后只能+whom/which等关 7 This is the house(that/which)he used to live in. 系代词 这就是他过去常住的房子 (8)This is the house in which he used to live. 这就是他过去常住的房子 116 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 续表 类别 用 法 示 例 (1)当先行i词是不定代词(anything, (1 I've read all the books (that)you gave me. everything,nothing,few,all 我已经读了你给我的所有书。 none,little,some等)或者被不 Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy. 能燃烧的任何东西就是热能源 定代词(every,.any,al,some,no, 只 little,few,much等)修饰时 Please get ready for everything (that)we need. (2)先行词是序数词或者形容词最 请准备好我们所需要的一切。 2)He was the first that came and the last that went. that 高级或被其修饰时 不 (3)先行词既有指人的名词，也有 他是第一个来的，最后一个走的。 用 指物的名词时 This is the best film(that)I have ever seen. which (4)先行词前有the only,the very等 这是我曾看过的最好的一部电影 的 修饰时 The first thing (that)we should do is to work out a plan. 情 (5)当主句是以who/which开头的 我们应该做的第一件事就是制订出一个计划。 况 特殊疑问句时 (3)They talked about things and persons (that)they remembered in school. ★口诀：只用hat的情况 他们谈论着他们能记起的学校里的人和事。 (4 )He is the only person that I want to see the only,the very,the same,no, any:既指人又表物，高级，不 他就是我唯一想要见的那个人。 定和序数 (5)Who is the girl that is crying?正在哭喊的那个女孩是谁？ Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢失的自行车？ 1)This is the room in which I once lived 这就是我曾经住过的房间。 (1)关系代词前有介词且指事物时 用 (2)先行词本身就是that时 (2)Idon't like that which he did.我不喜欢他做的那件事。 What is that which is on the ground?地上的是什么东西？ which (3)引导非限制性定语从句时 (3 )He said nothing.which made her angry. 不 (★非限制性定语从句的标志 他什么也没说，这使她很生气。 用 是从句前有个逗号) The novel,which you read,is very interesting. that 这本小说非常有趣，你读过它。 的 情 ★口决：which和that的不同 thaL,which引定从，一般情况可换用。that情况真不少，不妨对你表一表。不定代词这类词，全用 hat准没错。先行词被修饰，千万不能用which。which.用法要牢记，介词提前、逗隔离。that充当 先行词，避免重复要用which。 定语从句与其他结构的转换 (I The road which is under way will soon be completed. (1)定语从句可与介词短语转换 -The road under way will soon be completed. 正在修建中的那条路很快就要竣工了。 (2)定语从句可与现在分词短语 (2)Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English? 转换 -Who is the girl talking to Tom in English? (3)定语从句可与过去分词短语转 正在用英语同汤姆交谈的那个女孩是谁？ 换 (3)He is reading the novel which was written by Mark Twain. 句 (4)定语从句可与不定式短语转换 -He is reading the novel written by Mark Twain. 他在看马克·吐温写的小说。 转 (4)This is the best way that makes friends with him. 换 (5)定语从句可与并列句转换 -This is the best way to make friends with him. 这是与他交朋友的最好的方式。 (5 The fire lasted a night,which caused great damage. (6)定语从句可与单个形容词转 -The fire lasted a night and it caused great damage. 换，定语从句变成单个形容词 大火烧了一夜，结果造成巨大损失。 时需前置 (6)China is a country that is developing. -China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。 第一部分 第十章定语从句 中考考点中考单选真题 7(2022吉林)Mrs.Wang is an English l(2023青海)A best friend is a person teacher makes her classes is always there when you lively and interesting need him or her.As the saying goes, A.which B.who "A friend in need is a friend indeed. C.what A.whom B.whose 8 (2022恩施)China is the first nation C.who sent Chang'e IV to the far 2(2023吉林)The students are reading side of the moon. books are full of the red A.which B.that spirit these days. C.who A.who B.where 9 (2022黑龙江)The boys are C.which playing football are from Class One 3(2023成都)He showed me the photos A.which B.who he took at his graduation C.whose ceremony. 10(2022绥化)Ican't forget the A.that B.who teachers and the university C.what visited two years ago.They bring me 4(2023郴州)Tea is the leaf of a plant many sweet memories. grows widely in China, A.that B.which Japan and other countries. C.what A.what B.who 11(2022铜仁)—Is the woman C.that 5(2023牡丹江)If we study hard with walked past just now your teacher? big dreams,there is nothing -Yes,she teaches English can't be achieved. and we all love her very much. A.who B.that A.which;our B.who;us C.whom C.which;us D.that;our 6(2023十堰)I will remember the I2(2022十堰)Students love the important people helped and teachers are outgoing and supported me in my life humorous. A.which B.whose A.who B.whom C.whom D.who C.which D.whose 18 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 13(2022乐山)-What kind of books I9(2022呼和浩特)一Tom,what kind do you like best? of stories do you prefer? —1 like books are about -The ones have a happy science and technology. ending. A.who B.whom A.that B.who C.which C.those D.whom 14(2022哈尔滨)一How exciting the 20(2022阜新)一Mom is waiting.Can speech is! we set off now? -Pretty good!This is the best speech -Just a minute.I can't find the shoes I bought last week. I've ever heard. A.that B.who A.which B.that C.what D.whose C.who 21(2022株洲)Yuan Longping is a great I5(2022龙东)We should remember scientist will live in our those lost their lives for our heart forever. country. A.which B.who A.who B.whom C.what C.which 22(2022朝阳)-What kind of movies 16(2022营口)He does not do you like? reach the Great Wall is not a true man. -I prefer movies me A.whom B./ something to think about. C.which D.who A.whom give B.who gives 17(2022玉林)-Volunteering is a C.which give D.that gives meaningful activity. 23(2022柳州)Do you know the boy -I agree.We should express thanks is standing under the tree? A.who B.which to the people do volunteer C.where jobs. 24(2022达州)-Do you like the movie A.whom B.what is called The Battle at Lake C.who D.which Changjin? l8(2022西藏)According to a recent -Sure.I think no movie is study,adults often do than it. housework might stay healthy into old A.that;more touching age. B.what;less touching A.when B.which C.that:more touched C.who D.what D.which;less touched 第一部分 第十章定语从句 19 25(2022自贡)-What do you think of make me laugh. the Monkey King? A.what:which B.what;what -I think he's a hero keeps C.which;what D.which;where fighting to help the weak people. 31(2021牡丹江)Is this the museum A.who B.where you visited last year? C.whose A.where B.that 26(2021甘肃)A true friend is a person C.in which reaches for your hand and 32(2021哈尔滨)-I still remember all the stories touches your heart. my grandma told A.whom B.whose me. C.who D.which -The memories of our childhood are 27(2021铜仁)一Do you know the boy always hard to forget. hand writing won the first in A.what B.who the competition? C.that 33(2021毕节)Great changes have taken -Oh,he is Wang Wei,our monitor. place here.Everything comes A.who B.whose D.which into my eyes is so new to me. C.whom A.that B.which 28(2021十堰)This is the first birthday C.who D.whom gift I received.I've kept it 34(2021鄂州)-Yuan Longping is a hero many years. is known for developing A.which B.that hybrid rice(杂交水稻). C.who D.what -Yes.He is a great man. 29(2021青海)Chaka Salt Lake A.which B.whom is known as Mirror of the Sky interests C.what D.that more and more tourists. 35(2021内蒙古)-Tom,where do you A.where B.which work? C.who -I work in a shop sells 30(2021达州)-Could you tell me different kinds of vegetables. kind of movies you like A.which B.who best? C.where D.what -Umm...I like the movies188 初中英语词汇语法表解大全 中考考点二连词 第十三章主谓一致 、 等立连词与并列句 中考考点一中考单选真题 58-60DBB 61-66 DDDAAC 1-5 ACBCA 6-10 BCBAA 二、从属连词与状语从句 11-15 BBADA 16-20ABBDA 67-70 DCAB 71-75 ADBCA 21-25 CCCBC 26-27BD 76-80 BADDC 81-85 AABBC 第十章 定语从句 中考考点二词汇运用 28.is 29.has 中考考点中考单选真题 30.do 31.am 1-5 CCACB 6-10 DBBBA 32.reaches 33.is 11-15 BACBA 16-20 DCCAA 34.are 35.is 21-25 BCAAA 26-30 CBBBA 36.is 37.is 31-35 BCADA 38.goes 39.is 第十一章 名词性从句 第十四章 简单句与情景交际 中考考点一中考单选真题 中考考点一特殊疑问句 1-5 CDBAC 6-10 DADDB 1-5 BACBA 6-7AB 11-15 DADBC 16-20 CBDBB 中考考点二HOw词组辨析 21-25 BBBDB 26-30 CDDBD 8-10ABB 11-15 BAAAA 16-19ADCC 中考考点二完成句子 31.if/whether she could do 中考考点三感叹句 32.if/whether;had 20-25 CABBBB 26-30 BCACD 33.if/whether:has 31-35 DACCC 34.which;you sang 中考考点四祈使句 第十二章非谓语动词 36-40 CBAAB 41-43CBA 中考考点一中考单选真题 中考考点五交际用语 1-5 DBCCB 6-10 BADBC 44-45AA 46-50 AACBA 11-15 BCADC 16-20 CACCB 51-55 CDDDA 56-60 DCCAA 21-25 CBBDA 26-30 CBBDD 61-65 BACCA 66-70 CABBC 31-35 CDBAB 36-40 BBADB 71-75 DACCA 76-80 ABDBC 41-45 CBCAB 46-50 CCBDB 81-85 BAACA 86-88CBA 51-55 BCBDB 56-60 CDDBD 第十五章 倒装 61-64 BCAC 中考考点一部分倒装 中考考点二词汇运用 1-5 BADAC 6-10 BBCCC 65.solving 66.putting 11-15 BCADB 16-20 CBACA 67 spreading 68.to circle 21-25 BDABD 69.to have 70.playing 中考考点二口全部倒装 71.saving 26-30 ACCBB 31-34 DBAB