考点清单04 选必四Unit1～Unit 5 (重点单词变形、词组、句型和范文）- 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（人教版2019）

2024-2025学年高二年级下学期末考点大串讲（人教版2019） 专题04 重点单词变形、词组及用法 Unit 1 revision单元重点回顾 一．重点单词 1. appointment n.预约;约会;委任→appoint vt.任命,委派;约定,指定→appointed adj.指定的,约定的 2. guilt n.内疚;罪行;罪责→guilty adj.有罪的(反:innocent adj.无罪的;天真的);内疚的 pace n.步子;速度,节奏v.踱步;为…定速度/节奏 3. suspend vt.悬挂;暂缓;使停职→ suspended adj.暂停的,缓期的(宣判),悬浮的→suspender n.吊裤带;悬挂物;吊杆;袜吊 dismiss=fire=lay off vt.解散/雇 employ=hire v.雇佣 retire v.退休,退役 resign v.辞职;放弃=quit labour n.劳动;分娩v.分娩;费力前进;劳动 4. declare vt.表明;宣称;公布→declaration n.宣言,布告,公告,声明 state n.州;状态v.陈述→statement n.声明,陈述 overstatement n.夸大;夸张 5. presume v.假定;假设→presumption n.推测,设想,傲慢 形近词:assume v.以为;假设;承担;假装→assumption n. 6. calculate vt.计算;核算;预测→calculator n.计算器→calculation n.计算,盘算;估计;计算的结果;深思熟虑,慎重的计划 7. divide vt.分开;划分vi.意见分歧→division n.分开,分配;分歧;除法;部门→divisional adj.部门的 individual adj.个人的;单独的 n.个人/体 8. random adj.任意的;随机的n.随意→randomly adv.随便地,未加计划地→randomness n.随意,无安排;随机性 at random 随便地;任意地 9. explode v.爆炸→explosion n.爆炸/发;扩张,激增; (感情,尤指愤怒的)突然爆发→ explosive adj.爆炸性的;突增的;暴躁的n.炸药 10. fiction n.小说;虚构的事→fictional adj.虚构的;小说的 rest v.休息;放松;停留/依靠(rest on);n.其他;剩余部分/人;休息 11. absurd=ridiculous adj.可笑的,荒谬的 rumour n.谣言vt.传闻 形近词:humour n.幽默;心情vt.迁就;使满足 12. minimum adj.最低限度的;最小的n.最小值/量 反义词:maximum adj.最高的;最大极限的;n.最大限度/量 至少/多:at a minimum/maximum 13. flour n.粉;面粉 同音词:flower n.花 品质: integrity n.正直;诚实;完整 dignity n.尊严;高贵 14. stun v.使震惊/惊讶;使昏迷n.昏迷;打昏→stunning adj.极好的,极吸引人的;令人震惊的 15. salary n.薪水 wage n.工资;报偿v.发起;从事 bonus n.奖金,津贴,红利 fare n.费,票价 tuition n.学费 16. urge n.强烈的欲望,冲动;推动力v.敦促(sb. to do sth.),催促,力劝 urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的→urgency n.紧迫;急事 17. superior adj.上级的;优秀的n.上级;优胜者 inferior adj.下级的;差的;自卑的n.次品;下级 be superior to优于… be senior to比…年老 18. pace n.步子,节奏v.迈步,踱步 whereas conj.但是,而 blurred adj.模糊不清的;难以区分的 review/revise: 充满/挤满… be filled/flooded/packed/loaded/crowded/jammed/charged with… 19.anticipate v.预期,预料;预见→anticipation n.预期 vt.记住,回忆recall=remember=memorize n.顾问advisor =consultant 20.complete adj.完全的,全部的,完成的v.完成(=finish=accomplish),结束→completely adv.完全地 arrange v.安排,筹备→arrangement n. 21. affect vt.影响;假装→effect n.影响;结/效果→effective adj.有效的;实际的 车祸:car crash 飞机失事:air crash crush v./n.压坏;将…塞进;迷恋 affect vt.感动;感染→affection n.喜爱,感情;影响;感染→affectionate adj.感情深厚的,有感情的,慈爱的 effort n.努力 freeze-froze-frozen 22. suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病,痛苦等)受苦(from)→suffering n.疼痛;痛苦;苦难 pollute vt.污染→pollution n.污染 population n.人口;族群 23. potentially adv.潜在地;可能地→potential adj.可能的;潜在的n.潜力;可能性(=chance=possibility=probability) 24. regret n.遗憾;抱歉;后悔v.后悔;哀悼;惋惜→regrettable adj.令人遗憾的→regretful adj.后悔的;失望的 25. reflect vt.显示;反映;反射→reflection n.映像;思考;反映 反思…：reflect on/upon… 26. exhaust v.耗尽;使疲倦→exhausted adj.耗尽的,精疲力竭的(=worn out=burnt out=extremely tired)→exhausting adj.使精疲力竭的→exhaustion n.精疲力竭 中暑heat exhaustion 27. convince vt.使相/确信(sb. of sth.);说服(=persuade)→convincing adj.令人相信的;有说服力的(persuasive)→convinced adj.确信的 28. construct vt.修建;构成→construction n.建造→constructor n.建造者 形近词:instruct vt.指导;命令→instruction n.指导;命令→instructor n.指导者,导师,教练 二．重点短语 1．test__out 检验；测试 2．more__like 更像是；更接近 3．on__a__...__basis 根据；以……的方式(基准) 4．pros__and__cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 5．superior__to 比……更好；更胜一筹 6．take__over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 7．conflict__with 与……冲突或抵触 8．turn__out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 9．fall__away (逐渐)减少；消失 10．have__an__urge__to 有强烈的欲望做某事 11．science__fiction 科幻小说(或影片等) 12．treat__sb__with__dignity 彬彬有礼地对待某人 13．explode__with__laughter 哄堂大笑 14．keep__an__appointment 准时赴约 三．课文重点句式结构 1．it作形式主语的主语从句 【教材原句】Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.[P2] 克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬， 但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。 2．“there be”句型的变形 【教材原句】As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.[P2] 当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。 3．It is/was ... that 强调结构 【教材原句】It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.[P8] 上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。 4．现在分词作状语 【教材原句】Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before.[P8] 环顾四周，我看到实验室与以前一模一样。 5．It felt like ... 感觉像是…… 【教材原句】It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.[P8] 我感觉我好像坐在一部汽车里，飞驰在蜿蜒的道路上。 四．Writing 积累写作素材 (一)背写作词汇 1．apply ...to　　　　　　　 把……应用到 2．attend to 照顾 3．aspect n. 方面 4．undoubtedly adv. 毫无疑问 5．advanced technology 先进技术 6．convenience n. 方便 7．dependency n. 依赖性 8．threat v. 威胁 9．cooperate with 与……合作 10．invisible adj. 看不见的 11．approach v. 接近；靠近 12．remove v. 使消失 13．defeat v. 打败 (二)背写作佳句 1．科幻故事的开端 ①Once upon a time, there lived a king. 很久以前，有一位国王。 ②With science and technology developing, our lives have changed a lot in the 21st century. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活在21世纪发生了很大改变。 2．科幻故事的发展和高潮 ①The ring suddenly began to speak, which made the brave young man very amazed. 戒指突然开始说话了，这使得这位勇敢的年轻人很惊讶。 ②No one liked to talk to Wilbur, a weak pig, except a spider named Charlotte, who treated Wilbur as her good friend. 除了蜘蛛夏洛特，没有人喜欢和身体虚弱的小猪威尔伯说话，夏洛特把威尔伯当作她的好朋友。 ③In 2146, we are flying in the air, conveying signals through our minds. 在2146年，我们在空中飞翔，用意识传递信息。 3．科幻故事的结局 They finally defeated the enemy and established their own country. 他们最终战胜了敌人，建立了自己的国家。 写作练习 假如未来每个家庭都有机器人帮手，你想要一个什么样的机器人作为你的家庭帮手呢？请你发挥想象，写一篇题为“The Robot I Want”的短文。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文 The Robot I Want The robot I want must be hard-working; ①it_can_do_almost_everything_for_me (它几乎可以为我做任何事). It ②can_help_me_with_all_my_housework (可以帮助我做所有的家务). It can send me to school. ③When_I_have_trouble_with_my_studies (当我学习有困难时), it can be my teacher. The robot can also ④bring_me_endless_happiness (给我带来无尽的快乐). It has feelings like human beings. When I meet with unpleasant things，the robot ⑤will_chat_with_me_until_I_become_happy (会和我聊天，直到我开心为止)．When I feel lonely，the robot will play with me.⑥If_I_want_to_have_a_look_at_the_outside_world (如果我想看看外面的世界)，the robot will spread its beautiful wings and take me there. ⑦This_kind_of_robot_is_what_I_want (这种机器人正是我想要的). Unit 2 revision单元重点回顾 一．缀生词 1. foundation n.创建;基础;地基→found vt.创办,成立,建立→fundamental adj.基本的,基础的 sponsor vt.赞助,发起n.赞助者;主办者;保证人 2. political adj.政治的→politics n.政治;权术→politician n.政治家;政客 hatch n.舱口;孵化vt.孵化;策划;密谋 nest n.窝,巢;藏匿处 3. entitle vt.给···命名(或提名):使享有权利→entitlement n.权力;应得权益→entitled adj.有资格的 be entitled to do有资格做… 4. free adj.自由的;免费的;空闲的;不受…影响的;没有的→freedom n.自由 free of charge 免费 be free of/from… 没有…;摆脱… wise adj.聪明的;明智的→wisdom n.智慧(去e再加dom) 5. distribution n.分布;分配;分发→distribute vt.分配,散布;散发,分发;把···分类 explain v.→explanation n.解释,说明 6. temporary adj.暂时/短暂的→temporarily adv.暂时地 反义词:permanent adj.永久的 形近词:contemporary adj.当代的,同时代的 7. frequency n频率→frequent adj.频繁的,(脉搏等)快的v.常去,常出入于→frequently adv.频繁地,屡次地 8. violence n.暴力;暴行→violent adj.暴力的;剧烈的,(风,爆炸等)猛烈的;感情强烈的;(颜色)强烈的→violently adv.激烈地 家暴:domestic violence 9. icon n.图标;偶像(=idol)→iconic adj.偶像的,图符的,象征性的 symbol n.符号;象征;标志 sign n.符号;迹象;手势vi.签名/署;示意 10. join v.参加;加入→joint n.公共场所;关节adj.联合的;共同的→jointly adv.共同地;连带地 11. liberty n.自由;许可→liberal adj.开明的;自由的 premier adj.第一的;最初的n.总理,首相 conflict n/v矛盾,冲突 12. select vt.选择;选拔→selective adj.有选择性的(=optional adj.=alternative adj./n.)→selection n.选择;选拔(=option n.选择) 形近词:election n.选举 13. prison n.监狱→prisoner n.囚犯 fence n.栅栏;围栏 peak n.顶点;山峰adj.最高的;最大值的 peak season 旺季 14. sample v.取样n.样本 形近词:simple adj.简单的→simply adv.简单地 whole adj.整体的,全部的→wholly adv. 15. biology n.生物学→biological adj.生物学的→biologist n.生物学家 16. hand n.手;帮助v.递交→handful n.一把;少数,少量 一把…a handful of… 帮助某人give sb a hand 17. locate v.把…安置/建造于;定位;坐落于→location n.地点;位置→located adj.坐落的,位于…的 be located in位于… 18. dive n./v.跳水,潜水→diver n.潜水员 形近词:drive v.开车;驱使n.驱动力 19. license n.执照,许可证(=licence)vt.许可;特许→licensed adj.得到许可的 sentence n.判决;句子vt.判决 be sentenced to death 被判处死刑 20.charity n.慈善机构→charitable adj.行善的,慈善的 author n.作者 形近词:authority n.官方,权威 review/revise: have sth. to do with…和…有关 21. imply(=indicate=suggest)vt.暗示;意味→ implication(=indication=suggestion)n.暗示;牵连;含义 22. distinguish v.辨别(=recognize=identify=tell),区别→distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的(=famous=well-known=renowned);受人尊敬的 23. ultimate adj.最后的(反:initial),最终的,最大的→ultimately(=eventually=finally, 反:initially)adv.最后 desperate adj.绝望的;拼命的;极其渴望的 24. rare adj.稀少/珍贵的;(肉)半熟的→rarely adv.罕有;很少;不常 bare裸露的;光秃秃的;空的(=empty);无装饰的→barely adv.仅仅,勉强;几乎不 25. identity n.身份,个性→identical adj.相同的,一样的→identify vt.确定;辨别→identification n.身份证明 be identical with… 与…相同 26. shame n.羞耻/愧;憾事vt.使丢脸,使羞愧→shameful adj.不道德的;可耻的→ashamed adj.惭/羞愧的 what a shame!太遗憾了,太可惜了 27.embarrassing adj.让人难堪/害羞的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的→embarrass vt.使尴尬;使难堪→embarrassment n.尴尬 28. contrary adj.相反的(=contradictory),相违的n.相反,对立面 相反:on the contrary be contrary/contradictory to…与…相反 二．重点短语 1．a__handful__of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 2．peak__season 高峰季节 3．a__flock__of 一群(羊或鸟) 4．prime__minister 首相；总理 5．be__referred__to__as 被称为…… 6．major__in 主修 7．be__reflected__in 反映在 8．make__efforts__to__do__sth 努力做某事 9．hang__into 紧紧抓住 10．a__minority__of 少数 11．lay__the__foundation__for 为……奠定基础 12．make__a__joint__effort 共同努力 13．a__grand__scene 盛大场面 14．dive__into__the__work 投入工作 三．教材重点句式结构 1．过去分词作状语 【教材原句】Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”. [P14] 它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为“down under”。 2．be convinced that ... 坚信…… 【教材原句】I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！[P15] 我试着学习吹奏方法，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远都无法用这个乐器发出乐声！ 3．wherever引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】They have a straightforward and free­ and­easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. [P15] 他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。 4．并列宾语从句 【教材原句】If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.[P20] 如果你想要抱一抱考拉，你必须去那些获得正式许可的动物园，在那里动物专家会确保为每场互动而选出的考拉状态良好，可以与人接触，而且只在有限的时间内，以有限的次数与人互动。 5．There be ... ＋定语从句 【教材原句】There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that！[P21] 世界上具备这一能力的动物屈指可数！ 四．Writing 积累写作素材 (一)背写作词汇 1．reserve n．　　　　　　　　 保护区；保护圈 2．habitat n. 栖息地 3．struggle n. 挣扎；斗争 4．wildlife n. 野生生物 5．battle n. 战斗 6．ideal adj. 理想的 7．skin vt. 剥皮；去皮 8．conditions n. (居住、工作或做事情的)环境；情况 9．endanger vt. 使……处于险境；危及 10．extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 11．in danger 在危险中 12．take an active part in 积极参加 13．get tough with ... 对……采取强硬措施 14．give one's life to do sth. 为做某事献出生命 (二)背写作佳句 1．The giant panda is an animal that/which lives in the mountains. 大熊猫是一种生活在山区里的动物。 2．It feeds/lives on bamboos. 它以竹子为食。 3．As forests are being cut down, its habitat is becoming smaller and smaller. 随着森林遭到砍伐，它的栖息地变得越来越小了。 4．To protect the giant pandas, measures should be taken to set up some nature reserves. 为了保护大熊猫，应该采取措施建立一些自然保护区。 5．It's our eager hope that more people will lend us a hand to help save them. 我们渴望更多的人伸出援助之手来帮助拯救它们。 6．If we don't protect them, they'll probably die out soon. 如果我们不保护它们，它们很可能会在不久之后灭绝。 7．Finally, we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals. 最后，我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。 写作练习 某国际英文杂志的 Iconic Animals 栏目正面向全球中学生举行征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍一种中国特有的动物。 注意：1.写作词数应为 80 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文 Panda When talking about iconic animals in China, the first thing that comes to my mind is definitely the giant panda. The panda is ①one_of_the_rarest_animals (最稀有的动物之一) in the world. It is a large animal with black and white fur which ②lives_in_the_mountains_of_China (生活在中国的山区). People's “black eyes” ③are_compared_to_panda's_eyes (被比作熊猫的眼睛). ④Looking_quiet_and_lovely (看起来安静又可爱), it can actually be fierce. When it roars, the noise is ⑤like_a_train_passing_through_a_tunnel (像一列火车穿过隧道). Do you know how much it loves bamboo? An adult panda eats 10－18 kilograms of bamboo each day. And it ⑥spends_12－16_hours_a_day_finding_and_eating_bamboo (一天花12到16个小时寻找并食用竹子)． ⑦Serving_as_a_peace_ambassador (作为和平大使), pandas have been sent to other countries as gifts, where they ⑧have_received_a_warm_welcome (受到了热烈的欢迎)． Unit 3 revision单元重点回顾 缀生词 1. politics n.政治;政治观点→political adj.政治的;政党的;对政治有兴趣的 2. profession n.职业;行业→professional adj.专业的;职业的n.专业人员;职业选手 3. mixture n.混合;结合体(=combination);混合物→mix vt.＆vi.混合(=combine);(使)结交;相容;平安相处 4. cover v.覆盖;包括;报道;占…面积;行走…路;掩护;翻唱;足够支付;代替/找借口,包庇(cover for)→coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围 5. applaud v.鼓掌(=clap)vt.称赞(=praise)→applause n.热烈鼓掌(=clap);喝彩;掌声 6. royal adj.皇家/王室的;高贵的→royalty n.王位/权;庄严 形近词:loyal adj.忠诚的→loyally adv.忠诚/诚实地→loyalty n.忠心 7. withdraw v.(使)撤回;撤离→withdrawal n.移开;撤回/退;收回 8. extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长→extension n.伸展,扩大;延长,延期→extensive adj.广阔的,广大的;范围广的 近义词:expand v.扩张;使膨胀;详述 9. negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议)vi.谈判;磋商;协商→negotiation n.协商,谈判;转让;通过→ negotiator n.磋商者;交涉者;交易者 10. murder vt.谋杀;毁坏n.谋杀→murderer n.凶手 exploit vt.开发,剥削;开采 11. possession n.个人财产;拥有;控制→possess vt.拥有;具有;支配 in possession of…拥有… in the possession of…被…拥有 12. mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的;宽容的→merciless adj.无情的,残忍的 have mercy on…怜悯… at the mercy of 任…摆布 13.arrest n.吸引;逮捕;中止vt.逮捕(a criminal/murderer);吸引(=attract);阻止→arresting adj.引人注目的 14.meanwhile adv.与此同时;对比之下 meantime =in the meanwhile/meantime与此同时 for the meanwhile 一会儿;暂时 15.marine adj.海的;海产的;海生的 形近词:maritime adj.海的;海运的;海事的 16.opponent n.反对者;竞争者(=contestant=competitor) 形近词: opposite adj.相反的n.对立面 oppose v.反对;抵制 be opposed to doing sth.反对做某事 17. log-logged-logged v.记录;行驶;伐木n.原木;正式记录;飞行日志 log in 注册 18. channel n.海峡;频道;通道vt.引导 league n.联盟;社团;联赛 tale n.故事;传说 review/revise: 19. entitle vt.给…命/提名:使享有权利→entitlement n.权力;应得权益→entitled adj.有资格的 be entitled to do有资格做… 20. violence n.暴力;暴行→violent adj.暴力的;剧烈的,(风,爆炸等)猛烈的,狂暴的;感情强烈的;(颜色)强烈的→violently adv.激烈地 21. distribution n.分布;分配;分发→distribute vt.分配,散布,分发;把···分类 22. guilt n.内疚;罪行;罪责→guilty adj.有罪的(反:innocent adj.无罪的;天真的);内疚的 be guilty of… 23. urge n.强烈的欲望,冲动;推动力v.敦促(sb. to do sth.),催促,力劝 urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的 24. explode v.爆炸→explosion n.爆炸/发;扩张,激增; (感情,尤指愤怒的)突然爆发→ explosive adj.爆炸性的;突增的;暴躁的 25. generate vt.使形成;生殖;发生→generation n.一代→generator n.发电机 26. assessment(=evaluation) n.评价→assess(=evaluate) vt.评估;评价 形近词:access n.通道;机会vt.进入;获取→accessible adj.可接近/获取的 27. astonish vt.使惊讶→astonishing adj.令人吃惊的→astonished adj.惊讶的;吃惊的→astonishment n. 28. contain vt.包含;容纳;抑制(=control)→container n.容器 collection n.作品集;收集物;收藏品→collect v收/采集→collector n.收藏者 29. conservation n.对(环境,文物等)保护;保持→conserve vt.保护/存(=preserve=reserve)n.蜜饯→conservative adj.保守的(=conventional=traditional) 重点短语 1.press__conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会 2．in__a__league__of__one's__own 独领风骚 3．withdraw__from 退出；撤回 4．in__hand 在手头；可供使用 5．set__sail 起航；开航 6．under__the__command__of 在……的指挥下 7．in__return__for 作为对……的回报 8．talk__of 谈论；提及 9．for__the__benefit__of 为了……的利益 10．nothing__except 仅仅；只是 11．a__sight__to__behold 值得一看的景象 12．strengthen__the__bonds 加强联系 13．in__the__meanwhile 与此同时 14．give__a__royal__welcome 热烈欢迎 三．课文重点句式结构 1．连词引导省略句 【教材原句】Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to te west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.[P26] 几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索增多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。 2．there is an urgent need to do ... 急切需要做…… 【教材原句】From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.[P27] 从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。 3．with的复合结构 【教材原句】Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.[P27] 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。 4．so that 引导目的状语从句 【教材原句】We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.[P32] 我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。 5．动词不定式作结果状语 【教材原句】They hurried to the water, only to find a baby seal there.[P34] 他们急忙下水，结果在那里却发现一只小海豹。 四．Writing 积素材充盈写作“语料库” (一)表示对比 1．Some people support it while others do not. 有些人支持，然而有些人反对。 2．Different people hold different opinions. 不同的人持不同的意见。 3．Opinions are divided. 意见有分歧。 4．Others have different opinions. 其他人有不同看法。 5．I prefer to do ...rather than do ... 我宁愿做……而不愿做…… 6．...may be important, but it is ...that make(s) ...happen. ……可能是重要的，但是正是……使……发生。 (二)表示论证 1．It is a good idea to do ... 做……是一个好主意。 2．There is a famous saying that ...which shows the importance of ... 有句名言说……，表明了……的重要性。 3．The message conveyed here is very clear ... 这里所传达出的信息十分明确…… 4．Measures should be taken to stop ... 应该采取措施阻止…… 5．We have had a survey on ... 我们对……开展了一次调查。 6．There are several reasons for ..., but in general, they come down to three major ones. 导致……的原因有多种，但总的来说，它们可以归纳为三个主要方面。 (三)作出总结 1．Hence it is not difficult to see that ... 因此不难看出…… 2．From what have been discussed above, it can be concluded that ... 通过以上讨论，可以得出结论…… 3．It may be briefly summed up as follows. 可以简要地概括如下。 4．Taking all these factors into account, we naturally come to the conclusion that ... 考虑了所有这些因素，我们自然可以得出结论…… 5．Generally, I am in favour of the conclusion. 总的说来，我赞成这个结论。 [应用体验] 假定你是李华，最近你们班就“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”进行了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封80词左右的信给某英文报社的编辑报道此事。 赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法 1.获取更多的海底资源； 2.提高对地球上生命的理解。 1.造成海洋污染，导致海洋生物死亡；2.破坏生态系统。 …… 根据提示完成短文，选择恰当的句子并认真抄写在文中空白处。 Dear Editor， Recently our class has had a discussion about ①___________________. ②_______________________.They say sea exploration has made it possible for people to discover new medicines ③_______________________.Others are against it. ④_______________________，it might bring about marine pollution，which finally leads the ocean creatures to death.⑤_______________________. Personally，⑥_______________________. Hopefully，⑦__________________________________， we may have more options for managing this balance. Yours， Li Hua A．as technology improves B．whether sea exploration should be carried out C．as well as new sources of food and energy D．It also might cause ecosystem destruction E．Some of the students are in favour of sea exploration F．sea exploration should be balanced with economic needs G．Although sea exploration might help improve our understanding of the life on the earth 答案：①～⑦　BECGDFA Unit 4 revision单元重点回顾 重点单词 1. uniform n.制服adj.一致的;统一的→uniformly adv.一致地;相同地→uniformity n.均匀性;单调,无变化;同样 2. housing n.住房;住宅→ house v.给···提供住房;收藏;安置 shade n.阴影;阴凉处;少量,些微vt.为…遮阳;遮蔽(=shelter n.避难/护所v.使掩蔽) 3. secondary adj.中学的;次要的→secondarily adv.在第二,其次 platform n.站台;讲台;平台 stage n.舞台;阶段v.上演;筹划 4. dust n.沙土;灰尘v.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的 ripe adj.熟的,成熟的;时机成熟的 mature (心理/生理等)成熟的 5. able adj.能够的(be ~ to do sth.)→disable v.使丧失能力→disabled adj.有残疾的;丧失能力的→ disability n.伤残,无力;无能 enable v.使能够 enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 ble结尾adj.变n. : ble→bility 6. resign v.辞职;辞去(=quit)→resignation n.辞职;辞职书;顺从;听从 形近词:design v.设计 be designed for专为…而设计 dismiss=fire=lay off=sack vt.解散;解雇 employ=hire v.雇佣 retire v.退休,退役 suspend vt.悬挂(=hang);暂缓;使停职 7. contract vt.感染(疾病)(=be infected with=come down with);订立合同n.合同;契约→contractor n.订约/承包人 形近词:contact n.接触,联系v.接触 8. consultant n.高级顾问→consult vt.查阅;商量;向···请教→consultation n.咨询;咨询会 9. criterion n.标准;准则;原则(=principle)→criteria［复数］ not to mention=let alone=not to speak of=much/still/even less 更不用说 10. stability n.稳定(性);稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的(=steady);持久的→stably adv.稳固地;稳定地;安定地 11. rigid adj.死板的;固执的(=stubborn)→rigidly adv.严格地;死板/牢牢地 seed n.种子v.播种 weed n.杂草v.除草 weep v./n.哭泣 sweep v打扫;席卷 12. chemist n.化学家;药剂师;药房→chemistry n.化学→chemical adj.化学的n.化学制品 13. deserve vt.值得;应得;应受 deserve to do sth.值得做某事 sth.deserve doing=sth. deserve to be done 某事值得被做 14. late adj.迟的,晚的;最近的;已故的;前任的→lately adv.近来(=recently,现完的标志词)→later adv.随后→latest adj.最新的,最近的;最迟的 15. privilege n.优惠待遇;特权→privileged adj.享有特权的;保密的 16. pray v.企盼;祈祷→prayer n.祷告;祈祷 wrinkle v.(使脸上)起皱纹;皱起n.皱纹 frown v./n.皱眉;不悦,不同意(on/upon) 17. drag-dragged-dragged vt.拖;拽v.缓慢而费力地移动 18. grant vt.同意(=approve);准许n.拨款 take ...for granted: 认为…是理所当然; 对…不予重视 review/revise: 19. negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议)vi.谈判;磋商;协商→negotiation n.协商,谈判;转让;通过→ negotiator n.磋商者;交涉者;交易者 20. withdraw v.(使)撤回;撤离→withdrawal n.移开;撤回/退;收回 21. mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的;宽容的→merciless adj.无情的,残忍的 22. prove vt.证明;展现→proof n.证据;证明 approve v.赞同→approval n.→反义词: disapproval improve v.提高,改善 23. ordinary adj. 普通的;平凡的n.普通→extraordinary adj.非凡的(=outstanding=remarkable);离奇的 普通人:ordinary/common/average people 24. confirm vt.确认;使确信→confirmation n.证实,证据,确认 25. assume vt.以为;假设→assumption n.假定,假设 consume v.吃;喝;饮;消耗→consumption n.消耗→consumer n.顾客;消耗者 presume vt.推测→presumption n.推测 做某事的机会/能力/雄心壮志the opportunity/ability /ambition to do sth. 重点短语 1.pray__that 但愿 2．not__to__mention 更不用说；且不说 3．take__(...)__for__granted 认为(……)是理所当然；对(……)不予重视 4．relay__to 转达给……；转发给…… 5．a__chorus__of 齐声；异口同声 6．be__dying__to__do__sth 渴望做某事 7．to__be__honest 说实话，老实说 8．in__need__of 需要 9．leave__for 动身去 10．at__the__top__of 在……的顶部 11．sing__a__different__tune 转变态度；唱反调 12．resign__one's__position 辞去某人的职务 教材重点句式结构 1．be doing ... when ... 正在做……这时…… 【教材原句】The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！[P38] 几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！ 2．see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 【教材原句】And we see Chinese miners, oil workers, agricultural experts, mechanics, and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world.[P44] 我们看到中国的矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生几乎在世界的每个角落忙碌着。 3．now that引导原因状语从句 【教材原句】Now that I understand how important my mother's work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands. [P45] 既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。 Writing 积累写作素材 (一)背写作词汇 1．offer vi.　　　　　　　　 (主动)提出(愿意做某事) 2．position n. 职位 3．resume n. 简历 4．graduate v. 毕业 5．profound adj. (影响)深远的；巨大的 6．mission n. 任务；职责；使命 7．qualified adj. 合格的；称职的 8．satisfying adj. 令人满意的 9．be responsible for ... 对……负责 10．be skilled in ... 在……方面熟练 11．be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 12．have a talent for 有……才能 13．have a good command of 精通…… 14．have a taste for 对……有兴趣 15．make preparations for 为……做准备 16．be enthusiastic about 对……热心的 (二)背写作佳句 Ⅰ.常用开头句 1．I have learned from the newspaper that your company wants a ...and I am very interested in it. 我从报纸上得知贵公司需要一名……我对此职位很感兴趣。 2．My interest in the position of ...has prompted me to forward my resume for your review and consideration. 我对……职位非常感兴趣，特递交简历供您参考。 Ⅱ.常用中间句 1．For the past three years, I have been in the ..., where I worked as ... 我曾经在……工作三年，担任……工作。 2．Since my graduation from school two years ago, I have been employed in ...as ... 自从两年前毕业后，我在……担任…… 3．You will find an enclosed outline of my education and work experience and copies of three letters of recommendation. 谨随函呈上有关本人的学历、工作经验等项的概要及三封推荐函。 4．I work hard and I can get along/on well with others. 我工作努力，能和别人友好相处。 5．I am good at spoken English; as a result, I won the first prize in an English Speech Contest in our school last year. 我擅长英语口语，因此去年在我们学校举行的英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。 6．My aim is to learn more about society and improve my communication skills by being a volunteer; meanwhile I can help visitors know more about Chinese culture. 通过做志愿者我的目的是更多地了解社会并提高我的交流技巧，同时我可以帮助游客了解更多的中国文化。 Ⅲ.常用结束句 1．I am looking forward to your reply. 我期待着你的回复。 2．Thank you for your attention to this matter.I look forward to speaking with you. 多谢您对此事的关注，我期待与您面谈。 3．If you consider me appropriate for the job, please call me at ... 如果你们认为我适合这份工作，请致电…… 应用文写作 假定你是李华，从互联网上得知Banks夫妇的西餐馆在登广告招聘兼职服务员。请写一封电子邮件应聘。内容包括： 1．发邮件的目的； 2．自我介绍； 3．应聘理由(可开阔视野、交到新朋友等)。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Mr &Mrs Banks， I'm Li Hua, who has just graduated from high school this summer.__________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 　 Looking forward to your early reply. Best regards! Yours， Li Hua 范文： Dear Mr &Mrs Banks， I'm Li Hua, who has just graduated from high school this summer. I know that you want some part-timers for your newly opened western restaurant on the Internet and I'd like to be part of your team. I've been learning English for 10 years, and I can express myself fluently. Besides，I'm diligent and healthy with a nice character, which helps me get along well with people of different backgrounds. What matters most is the opportunity to expand my horizons as well as make more new friends. Looking forward to your early reply. Best regards! Yours, Li Hua Unit 5 revision 一．词性转换 1．lawyer n．律师→law n．法律 2．categorize vt．把······分类（加以归类）→category n．种类；范畴 3．participant n．参与者；参加者→participate vi．参加；参与→participation n.参加；参与 4．detective n．侦探；警探→detect vt．侦察出；发现 5．accountant n．会计；会计师→account n．账目；账户；叙述 v.导致；解释 6．justice n．公平；公正；合理→just adj．公正的；正义的；合理的 7．greedy adj．贪婪的；贪心的→greedily adv．贪心地；贪婪地；贪吃地→greed n.贪心；贪欲 8．receptionist n．接待员→reception n．接待；欢迎；招待会→receive vt.收到；接纳 9．socialist adj．社会主义的 n．社会主义者→social adj.社会的；社交的→society n.社会；协会 10．dedicate vt．把······奉献给→dedicated adj．献身的；专心致志的→dedication n.献身；奉献 11．parking n．停车位；停车→park v．停（车）；泊（车） 12．wool n．毛；毛线；毛料→woolen(=woollen)adj.羊毛制的；毛线的 13．priority n．优先事项；首要的事；优先→prior adj．先前的；优先的 14．finance n．资金；财政；金融 vt．提供资金→financial adj.财政的；金融的→financially adv.财政上；金融上 15．employer n．雇主；老板→employ vt．雇用；运用→employee n.受雇者；雇员→employment n.雇用；聘用 二 重点短语 1．attend to 关怀；照料；处理 2．provide sb with sth 供给某人某物 3．help out 帮助某人摆脱（困境） 4．be based on 基于；以······为基础 5．in conclusion 总之 6．be passionate about对······感兴趣 7．for the sake of 为了······起见 8．bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 9．head start 起步前的优势 10．come to a conclusion 得出结论 11．make choices 做出选择 12.bounce__around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 13．head__start 起步前的优势 14．succeed__in__doing__sth 成功做某事 15．be__appropriate__for 适合于 16．sort__of 有几分地；到某种程度；稍稍 17．set__up 建立；装配 18．take__on 承担；从事 19．a__chest__of__drawers 抽屉柜 20．financial__aid 财政援助 21．take__...__into__consideration 顾及；考虑到…… 三．教材重点句式 1．动名词作主语 【教材原句】Having this information will provide you with a better chance of finding a job you like.[P50] 拥有这些信息将会为你提供更好的机会来找到你喜欢的工作。 2．wish引导虚拟语气 【教材原句】You don't want to look back in years to come and say, “I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.”[P50] 你不会想在以后的岁月里回望过去时说：“要是当时我能对我想做的事情多考虑考虑就好了。” 3．疑问词＋不定式 【教材原句】I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years, so I know how to lead and decide on priorities.[P56](应用文写作之申请信) 我担任学校乒乓球队队长已经两年，因此我知道如何领导他人并按事情的轻重缓急作出决定。 四．Writing 假定你是校学生会主席李华，学校将举行“职业初体验（Experience Your Future Job）”活动，请你写一封邮件邀请留学生Jack参加，要点如下：1.活动目的；2.活动安排；3.其他。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 写作注意要点 1.基本时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。 2.写作思路：三段论。 第一段开门见山发出邀请；第二段介绍活动目的和活动安排及其他；第三段期待回复。 【参考范文】 Dear Jack, I am Li Hua, president of the Student Union. Our school is scheduled to hold an activity on Experience Your Future Job at 2 p.m. this Saturday, and I’m writing to invite you for it. The activity aims to enhance students' career planning skills and deepen their career experience. Students will enter companies, factories, hospitals, and communities to experience and practice. Participants are required to gather at the school gate 10 minutes in advance and set out by bus. If interested, you are highly expected to participate in this activity. YYours, LLi Hua / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$