考点清单04 选择性必修四 Unit 1～Unit 4 (重点单词变形、短语、用法、句型）-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲(译林版2020）

2024-2025学年高二年级下学期英语期末考点大串讲 专题04 单词变形、短语、句型 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 单词变形 1.barely adv.刚好;仅仅,勉强可能;几乎不;刚才→bare adj.赤裸的;光秃秃的;无遮盖的,无装饰的 2.appointment n.约定,约会;任命,委任;职务→appoint vt.任命,指派;约定,安排→appointed adj.任命的,委派的 3.reliable adj.可信赖的,可依靠的;真实可信的,可靠的→rely v.信赖,依靠→reliance n.依靠,信任→reliant adj.依赖的;可靠的 4.criminal n.罪犯　adj.犯法的,犯罪的;刑事的;不道德的→crime n.罪,罪行 5.innocent adj.无辜的,清白的,无罪的;天真无邪的,纯真的　n.无辜者,单纯的人→innocence n.天真,单纯;清白,无罪 6.legal adj.合法的;法律的→legally adv.合法地;法律上→illegal adj.非法的,违法的→illegally adv.非法地 7.photographer n.摄影师,拍照者→photograph n.照片,相片　v.拍照,照相 8.guilty adj.感到内疚的,感到惭愧的;有罪的,有过失的→guilt n.内疚,惭愧;罪行 9.ashamed adj.惭愧,羞愧,尴尬→shame n.羞耻,惭愧;遗憾的事→shameful adj.不体面的→shameless adj.不知羞耻的 10.forgive vt.& vi.原谅,宽恕;免除(债务)→forgiveness n.原谅,宽恕 11.disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointment n.失望 12.mercy n.仁慈,宽恕→merciful adj.宽大的,仁慈的→mercifully adv.仁慈地 13.guidance n.指导;导航→guide v.指导;带领,引导 14.fault n.过错,责任;弱点,缺点→faulty adj.有故障的,有缺陷的;有错误的 15.integrity n.诚实正直;完整,完好→integrate v.使……完整;使……成整体 16.discouraged adj.灰心的→discouraging adj.使人沮丧的;令人泄气的→discourage v.使泄气,使灰心;阻碍→discouragement n.气馁;挫折 重点短语 1.slow down 减速,减缓 2.tear down 拆毁,拆除 3.make one’s fortune 发财 4.lose contact 失去联系 5.turn up 出现,抬高 6.pull out 拉出,拔出 7.keep an appointment with sb 与某人约会 8.arm in arm 臂挽着臂 9.take charge of 掌管 10.under arrest 被逮捕 11.be willing to do sth 愿意去做某事 12.devote oneself to doing sth 致力去做某事 13.work on 从事 14.pay attention to 注意,关注 15.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 16.work out 计算出,锻炼 17.live a lie 过骗人的生活,为人虚伪 18.tear off 撕坏,扯掉 19.in store (for sb) 即将发生(在某人身上);等待着(某人) 20.be responsible for 对……负责 21.at the mercy of sb/sth 任……处置,对……无能为力 22.take sth seriously 认真对待某事 23.go through 经历 24.set out 开始着手 25.apart from 除了……之外 26.make a difference 有区别,有影响 27.pick up 捡起 28.weigh on sb/sth 使焦虑不安,加重……的思想负担 重点句型 1.not just/only...but also... 【教材原句】He felt not just a desire but also a responsibility to do so. 他觉得这样做不仅是一种愿望,而且是一种责任。 2.so...that... 【教材原句】In fact,he worked so hard that he did not pay enough attention to his own health. 事实上,他工作如此努力以至于他没有足够注意自己的健康。 3.be doing sth when... 【教材原句】I was passing Anne’s bedroom when I heard her talking on the phone. 我经过安妮的卧室时听到她正在打电话。 4.动名词(短语)作主语 【教材原句】Taking responsibility in all aspects of your everyday life,therefore,will help build a strong character. 因此,在日常生活的各个方面承担责任,将有助于建立坚强的性格。 Unit 2 Understanding each other 单词变形 1.react vi.(对……)作出反应;有不良反应,过敏;起化学反应→reaction n.反应,感应 2.gentle adj.温柔的;温和的;柔和的→gently adv.轻轻地;温柔地;温和地 3.competent adj.足以胜任的,有能力的,称职的→competence n.能力,胜任 4.suit vt.满足需要;相配,合身n.套装,西装,西服→suitable adj.适宜的,合适的 5.negotiate vi.& vt.谈判;商定,达成(协议)→negotiation n.谈判,协商 6.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂,阐明→clarification n.澄清,阐明 7.knowledgeable adj.博学的,有见识的→knowledge n.知识,学问 8.precisely adv.准确地,恰好地;细心地;正是,确实→precise adj.精确的,准确的;恰好 9.approve vi.& vt.赞成;批准,通过(计划、要求等)→approval n.批准,赞成→approving adj.赞成的 10.preference n.偏爱;偏爱的事物→prefer v.更喜欢,宁愿 11.embarrassed adj.窘迫的,尴尬的;拮据的→embarrass vt.使尴尬,使难堪→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的,使人尴尬的→embarrassment n.尴尬,难堪 12.behave vi.& vt.表现得体,有礼貌;表现→behaviour n.行为,举止 13.tolerate vt.容许,允许;忍受,容忍;能经受→tolerance n.容忍;允许→tolerant adj.宽容的,容忍的 14.fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的,熟练的→fluently adv.流利地;流畅地 15.intervention n.干涉行为,干预→intervene v.干预,干涉 16.pure adj.纯净的;完全的→purely adv.纯粹地,完全地→purity n.纯净,洁净 17.pessimistic adj.悲观的,悲观主义的→pessimism n.悲观,悲观情绪;厌世主义→pessimist n.悲观主义者 18.tendency n.趋势,趋向;倾向,偏好→tend v.趋向,倾向;照料,照顾 19.sincerely adv.真诚地,诚实地→sincere adj.真诚的;诚挚的→sincerity n.真实,诚挚 重点短语 1.have a conversation with 与……交谈 2.function as 起……作用,充当 3.be dependent on/ depend on 依靠,依赖 4.face to face 面对面 5.negotiate with 与……协商,洽谈 6.as to 关于,至于 7.put yourself in sb’s shoes 处于某人的境地,设身处地 8.be confused about 对……感到困惑 9.account for sth 是……的说明(或原因);(数量上、比例上)占 10.approve of 赞成,赞同 11.apart from 除了……之外,还有…… 12.in terms of 在……方面,就……而言 13.have a preference for 喜欢……,偏爱…… 14.to the point 切题,中肯 15.be aware of 意识到…… 16.correspond to 与……一致,符合 17.broaden one’s mind 拓宽视野,开阔眼界 18.come as no surprise 不足为奇,意料之中 19.come about 发生,造成 20.tend to 往往,趋向 21.be integrated into 加入…… 22.over time 随着时间流逝 23.in use 使用中 24.be based on 以……为基础 25.out of style 不时髦的,不流行的 重点句型 1.疑问词+插入语+陈述句 【教材原句】How do you think you could sharpen your communication skills? 你认为怎样才能提高你的沟通技巧? 2.状语从句的省略 【教材原句】They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile. 它们(这两个词)可以解读成来自亲密朋友的热情问候,特别是如果伴随着亲切的笑容。 3.with的复合结构 【教材原句】A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed, while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction. 微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注,而双臂交叉、目光移开可能表明你不感兴趣,这样会造成不信任或导致摩擦。 4.no sooner...than...一……就…… 【教材原句】No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate than it was time to head back home. 我刚开始了解英国人的沟通方式就到要回家的时候了。 5.the+比较级...,the+比较级... 【教材原句】The longer a borrowed word has been in use,the more it sounds and even looks like the native language. 一个外来词使用的时间越长,它听起来甚至看起来就越像母语。 Unit 3 Careers and skills 单词变形 1.anticipate vt.预计;预料→anticipation n.预先;预测 2.prejudice n.偏见,成见→prejudiced adj.怀有偏见的;有成见的 3.lawyer n.律师→law n.法律 4.receptionist n.接待员→reception n.接待;招待会 5.respective adj.分别的,各自的→respect n.方面;敬意;尊敬　v.尊敬,尊重 6.operate vt.操作,使运行　vi.运转,工作;经营,营业→operation n.操作;经营;手术 7.commercial adj.商业的,贸易的,盈利的,商业性的→commerce n.贸易;商业 8.weekly adj.每周的　adv.每周地　n.周报,周刊→week n.星期,周 9.monthly adj.每月的　adv.每个月　n.月刊→month n.月,月份 10.detective n.侦探,警探→detect v.察觉;发现→detector n.探测器;发现者 11.qualification n.资格,资历;学历;合格,达到标准→qualify v.使具有资格;证明……合格→qualified adj.合格的;有资格的 12.applicant n.申请人→apply v.申请;适用;涂→application n.应用;申请 13.prior adj.在前的;优先的,占先的→priority n.优先;优先权 14.justify vt.对……作出解释,为……辩解;证明……正确→just adj.公平的,正义的;合理的 adv.正好,恰好 15.relevant adj.紧密相关的,切题的;有价值的,有意义的→relevantly adv.贴切地,有关地→relevance n.相关性;关联 16.infer vt.推断,推论,推理→inference n.推断,推理;结论 17.refreshed adj.恢复了精力的,精神振作的→refresh v.使……恢复;更新 18.rude adj.粗鲁的,无礼的,粗野的→rudely adv.粗鲁地;无礼地→rudeness n.无礼,粗鲁 重点短语 1.earn a living 谋生 2.by no means 绝不 3.be engaged in 参与;从事于;忙于 4.be fond of 喜爱 5.add to 增加,增添 6.contribute to 有助于;促成 7.be superior to 优越于 8.have prejudice against 对……有偏见 9.take pride in 以……自豪 10.for the benefit of 为了……的利益 11.weigh up 权衡,斟酌 12.keep track of 记录;与……保持联系 13.appeal to 吸引 14.deal with 处理,对付 15.put sth on the line 让……处于危险之中 16.swing into action 立即行动起来,马上大干起来 17.gain the upper hand 处于有利地位,有优势 18.set off 引起,导致;启程,出发 19.prior to 在……之前 20.at least 至少 21.for the duration 直到……结束,在整个……期间 22.bring up 开始谈论,提到;抚养,教养 23.look back on 回顾 24.put one’s best foot forward 全力以赴 重点句型 1.助动词do/does/did强调谓语动词 【教材原句】 It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed. 的确,我们大多数人一旦完成学业就加入了劳动大军。 2.when it comes to... 当谈到…… 【教材原句】 Therefore, when it comes to starting a business on your own, think twice before you act! 因此,当你开始自己创业的时候,三思而后行! 3.if so 如果是这样的话 【教材原句】 A second tip is to analyse your target market carefully to see if/whether it is worth entering, and if so, how you should run your business. 第二个建议是仔细分析你的目标市场,看看是否值得进入,如果值得,你应该如何经营你的企业。 4.疑问词+动词不定式 【教材原句】 Once you’ve done your homework about the company and the position,make a list of questions that could be asked during the interview and think about how to best answer them. 一旦你对公司和职位做了充分的了解,就把在面试过程中可能被问到的问题列出来,并思考如何给出最佳答案。 Unit 4 Never too old to learn 单词变形 1.blank adj.空白的　n.空白处,空格→blankly adv.茫然地,毫无表情地 2.composition n.构图;构成,成分;作品;作曲艺术→compose v.组成,构成;作曲 3.criticize vt.& vi.批评,批判,挑剔,指责;评价→ critical adj.批判的,爱挑剔的;关键的,至关重要的→criticism n.批评;苛求 4.educator n.教育家;教育工作者→educate v.教育→education n.教育 5.reasoning n.推理,理性的观点,论证→reasonable adj.合理的;公道的→reasonably adv.合乎逻辑地,明智地→reason n.原因,理由　vt.推理 6.assumption n.假定,假设→assume v.假设,假定→assuming conj.假如 7.occupation n.工作,职业;消遣;侵占,占领期;使用→occupy v.占有;使用,居住;忙于,从事→occupied adj.已占用的;使用中的;无空闲的→occupational adj.职业的;占领的 8.qualify vt.使合格,使具备资格　vi.取得资格(或学历),合格→qualification n.资格,资历;学历;合格,达到标准→qualified adj.有资格的,胜任的 9.competence n.能力,胜任→competent adj.能干的,能胜任的→competently adv.胜任地,适合地 10.recreation n.娱乐,消遣→recreate v.娱乐;消遣→recreational adj.娱乐的,消遣的;休养的 11.random adj.随机的;辨认不出的;不合常理的→ randomly adv.随便地,任意地 12.mature adj.明白事理的,成熟的　vi.成熟,长成;有判断力→maturity n.成熟 13.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的;使人眩晕的→dizzily adv.使人眼花地;头晕眼花地→dizziness n.头晕;头昏眼花 14.reference n.参考;提到;推荐信　vt.查阅,参考→refer v.提到;参考,查阅 15.presentation n.幻灯片演示;提交,授予;展示会;演出→present v.呈现;颁发;赠送　adj.出席的,在场的　n.礼物 16.librarian n.图书管理员,图书馆馆长→ library n.图书馆 17.extension n.(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部,进修课;扩大,延伸→extend v.延伸,扩大 重点短语 1.point out 指出 2.be exposed to 接触 3.be bound to 一定会,很可能会 4.to the extent 达到……程度,到……范围 5.keep pace with sb/sth 与……步调一致;与……并驾齐驱 6.differ from 与……不同 7.take advantage of 利用 8.subscribe to 订阅;定期订购(或订阅等);同意,赞成 9.be based on 以……为基础 10.in other words 换句话说 11.start off 开始;从事 12.hand in 上交 13.pay for 付钱 14.go through 经历 15.be relevant to 与……相关 16.focus on 集中 17.on the rise 在增加;在增长;在上升;在上涨 18.infer from 推断 19.in a flash 转瞬间;立即 20.reflect on 沉思,反省 21.fit in 适合 22.compose oneself 使自己镇定下来 23.take in 接纳,收留;理解,领会 24.put off 推迟,耽搁 25.stay up 熬夜 26.stick to 坚持 27.bounce ideas off sb 向某人试探地透露主意 28.dawn on sb 使开始明白,使渐渐领悟,使开始理解 重点句型 1.not...but...不是……而是…… 【教材原句】 The ability to admit this should not be perceived as a weakness, but as a strength. 承认这一点的能力不应被视为一种弱点,而应被视为一种优势。 2.强调句型 【教材原句】 I once had an art teacher,pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important,but also what you cannot see. 我曾经有一位美术老师指出,不仅你能看到的东西很重要,你看不到的东西也很重要。 3.get的复合结构 【教材原句】 Organizing reading events to get people to read and share their favourite books with others. 组织阅读活动,让人们阅读并与他人分享他们最喜欢的书。 4.before引导的时间状语从句 【教材原句】Before I knew it,the ceremony was over and the curtain had come down on my university life. 不知不觉,仪式就结束了,大学生活的帷幕也随之落下。 5.remember doing sth 记得做过某事 【教材原句】I remembered arriving at university on my very first day,pausing at the gate to look down the long drive. 我记得来上大学的第一天,我在校门前停下,望着长长的车道。 6.feel+宾语+宾语补足语 【教材原句】 I could feel my hands sweating slightly and I had to hold on tight to my suitcase. 我可以感觉到我的手微微地出汗,我不得不紧紧地抓住我的手提箱。 7.否定词放在句首的部分倒装句 【教材原句】 Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. 我一点也不知道我即将经历人生中最美好的四年。 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$