八年级考点串讲02 Units 5～8教材知识梳理【复习课件】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（牛津译林版）

译林版八年级下 Unit 5~Unit 8 教材知识梳理 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com CONTENTS 重点短语 重点句型 重点语法 练一练 01 02 03 04 05 目录 词性变化 词性变化 01 词性变化 1. politely (adv.)____________ (adj.)礼貌的__________（adj.）不礼貌的 2. litter (n. ) ____________（vi & vt.）乱丢杂物 3. proper（adj. ）___________（adv.）适当地；正确地 4. close (adj.) ________ (adv.)亲近她；紧密地 ______（v.）关；结束；使靠近 5. loudly (adv.)____________(adj. )大声的____________(adv. )出声地 _______（adj.）低声地 6. discussion (n. )___________ (vt. )讨论；论述 7. successful (adj.)______________(vt.)取得成功___________（n.）成功____________ (vt. )失败____________ (adv. )成功地 polite impolite litter properly closely close loud aloud low discuss succeed success fail successfully 词性变化 8. train ( vi. &vt. )____________（n.）训练，培训 9. elderly（adj.）__________（n.）老人 10. achieve ( vt.)_____________ (n.)实现；达到 11. donate (vt.) _____________（n.）捐款 12. organization (n. ) _____________ (adj.) 组织的__________（n.）组织___________（n.）组织者 13. blind (adj.)___________(n.)失明 14. introduction (n. )______________（vt.）介绍 15. athlete (n.) ___________（adj.）运动的　　　　  training elder achievement donation organized organization organizer blindness introduce athletic 词性变化 16. interviewer (n. )___________（n.）被采访者__________（v.）采访 17. patient (n. )____________（n.）耐心___________（adj.）不耐心的__________(adv.)耐心地 18. proud (adj.)_________（adj.）自豪地，骄傲地_______（n.）自豪，骄傲 19. reader (n. )_____________（v.）阅读 _________ (n.) 阅读 20. medicine (n. ) ___________(adj.) 医学的，医疗的 21. develop ( vi.＆vt.)__________（n.）发展_____________（adj.）发达的_________（adj.）发展中的 22. treat (vt.)_____________（n.）治疗 23. officer (n.) ________（adj.）官方的，政府的____________（n.）办公室　　　　  interviewee interview patience impatient patiently proudly pride read reading medical development developed developing treatment official office 词性变化 24. dig ( vt.)__________ (n.) 挖掘 25. serious（adj.）__________（adv.）严重地；严肃地_________ (n )严重性 26. wise (adj.)_________（adj. ）（反义词）不明智的__________(adv.)明智地____________(n.)智慧 27. separate（vt.＆vt.）_________（adj.）分开的_________（n. ）分离 28. allow ( vt.) _________（adj.）允许的 29. punish ( vt.) _______（adj.）被处罚的__________（adj.）打击沉重的____________ (n. )处罚 30. produce (vt.) _________（n.）产品________（n.）生产，产生__________(adj.）多产的 　　　　  digging seriously seriousness unwise wisely wisdom separated separation allowed punished punishing punishment product production productive 词性变化 31. difference (n.)__________（adj.）差异的，不同的 32. pollute (v.) _____________（adj.）受污染的__________（n.）污染 33. harm (vt.)___________(adj.)有害的 34. living（adj.）___________（vt.&vi. ）生活________（adj.）活着的__________（adj.）活泼的，生劝的 　　　　  different polluted pollution harmful live alive lively 重点短语 02 重点短语 1.不要打断别人　　　　　　　  2.到处乱丢垃圾　　　　　　　 3.保持安静 　　　　　　　  4.遵守交通规则 　　　　　　　  5.排队等轮到某人　　　　　　  6.向某人打招呼　　　　　　　  7.与某人握手 　　　　　　　  8.开始一段交谈 　　　　　　　  9.举止礼貌 　　　　　　　  10.挡住某人的路　　　　　　　  11.任水龙头流淌 　　　　　　　  12.降低声音 　　　　　　　  13.在公共场合 　　　　　　　  14.大声笑 　　　　　　　  15.对某人有帮助 　　　　　　　  16.正如谚语所说 　　　　　　　  17.使某人免受…. 　　　　　　　  18.首要的是 　　　　　　　  19.最惊奇的经历　　　　　　　  20.向世界展现他们的本领　　　　　　　21.智力缺陷 　　　　　　　  22.相似于 　　　　　　　  don't cut in on others drop litter everywhere keep quiet obey traffic rules queue for one's turn greet sb. shake sb.’s hands start a conversation behave politely be in one's way leave the tap running keep one's voice down in public laugh loudly be helpful to sb. just as the saying goes keep sb. from sth. above all the most amazing experience show their kills to the world intellectual disability be similar to 重点短语 23.放弃休闲时间 　　　　　　　  24.接受训练 　　　　　　　  25.完成任务 　　　　　　　  26.参加比赛 　　　　　　　  27.与…….一起工作　　　　　　　  28.实现他们的梦想 　　　　　　　  29.游泳比赛　　　　　　　  30.赢得比赛 31.用这种方式 　　　　　　　  32.做志愿者　　　　　　　  33.让这个比赛取得成功 　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　  34.参加　　　　　　　  35.尽他最大努力 　　　　　　　  36.把人们团结起来　　　　　　　  37.感觉像是这个 大家庭的一份子 　　　　　　　  38.不计报酬提供帮助　　　　　　  39.和……交朋友　　　　　　  40.在日常生活中 　　　　　　　  41.保持健康 　　　　　　　  42.尽快 　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　  give up spare time receive training do the task join the competition work with achieve their dreams swimming competition win the competition in this way work as a volunteer make the event a great success take part in try his best bring people together feel like part of one big family offer to help without getting paid make friends with in our daily life keep fit as soon as possible 重点短语 43.国际慈善机构 44.全世界 　　　　　　　  45.告诉某人某事 　　　　　　　  46.医疗　　　　　　　  47.志愿医生 　　　　　　　  48.去看病 　　　　　　　  49.在飞机（船、火车）上 　　　　　　　50.因做某事而感到骄傲 51.继续开展，继续下去 　　　　　　　 52.分发；提出 　　　　　　　  53.建起，设立 　　　　　　　  　　　　　　 　　　　　　  54.决定 　　　　　　　  55.可以被治愈 　　　　　　　  56.负担得起做某事 　　　　　　　  57.改善生活 　　　　　　　  58.眼科手术 　　　　　　　  59.筹钱 　　　　　　　  60.组织其他活动　　　　　　  61.了解 62.害怕 　　　　　　　  63.上课　　　　　　　  64.习惯于 　　　　　　　  　　　　　　 　　　　　　　  international charities all over the world tell sb. sth. medical treatment volunteer doctors go to hospital on board be proud to do sth. carry on hand out set up make up one's-mind can be cured afford to do sth. improve life eye operations raise money organize other activities learn about be afraid of attend courses get / be used to 重点短语 65.关上（开关）　 66.保护环境　　　　　　　  67.被分成 　　　　　　　  68.砍倒 　　　　　　　  69.扔垃圾 　　　　　　　  70.依靠，依赖　　　　　　  71.有影响，起作用 　　　　　　　  72.刷牙 　　　　　　　  73.某人尽力做某事 　　　　　　　  74.在正确位置 　　　　　　　  75.结果 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　  76.寻找信息 　　　　　　　  77.空气污染　　　　　　　  78.过去常常做某事 　　　　　　　  79.乘地铁 　　　　　　　  80.允许某人做某事　 81.用完，耗尽 　　　　　　　  82.对……有害 　　　　　　　  83.为动物提供家园　　　　　　　  84.采取措施　　　　　　  85.对……有好处　　　　　　　  86.全国范围内　　　　　　　 　　　　　　  　　　　　　　  turn off protect the environment be separated into cut down drop litter depend on/upon make a difference brush teeth try one's best to do sth. keep in place as a result look for information air pollution used to do sth. take the underground allow sb. to do sth. run out be harmful to provide home for animals take actions be good for all over the country 重点句型 03 重点句型 1．You should learn about manners too. You’re never too old to learn.你也该学学礼仪。活到老，学到老。 2．British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.英国人只和亲戚或亲密的朋友用亲吻打招呼。 3．They always queue. They think it's rude to push in before others.他们总是排队等候。他们认为在别人前面插队是粗鲁无礼的。 4．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 5．Liu Ming did not know what to expect when he volunteered for ...当刘明准备为特奥会做志愿者时，他不知道能期待什么。 重点句型 6．The Special Olympics World Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. 特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。 7. They include many events similar to those in the Olympics, such as basketball, football and swimming. 它们(特奥会)包括很多与奥运会类似的项目，如篮球、足球和游泳。 8．Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success.然后他们(志愿者)为运动员提供支持，使本届特奥会取得很大的成功。 重点句型 9.He was born with intellectual disabilities. 他生下来就有智力缺陷。 10. Li Hai tried his best and finished fourth. 李海尽了最大努力并取得第四名。 11.I'm too weak to walk any further.我太虚弱，走不动了。 12.It provides basic education for children in poor areas. 它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。 13.Many of our patients can't afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.我们的很多病人没钱去医院，所以我们得去他们那儿。 14.By training them, we hope to help more people.通过对他们进行培训，我们希望能帮助更多的人。 重点句型 15. But more money is needed to carry on with our work. 但是需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。 16.She wanted to help poor people with eye problems see again, so she made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work. 她想帮助有眼疾的穷人重见光明，于是她决定接受护士培训，并在下班后去上课。 17.She is getting used to travelling by plane.她习惯于乘飞机往来各地。 18. It is beautiful, and we should try to keep it that way. 它(瑞士)很美，而且我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。 重点句型 19.Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling. 一些衣服放在慈善店出售，一些送给穷人，还有一些送到工厂循环再生。 20.Nature is our greatest treasure. We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely. 大自然是我们最大的财富。我们依靠其丰富的资源生存，所以要理智地保护它，这一点很重要。 21.These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.这些新型能源不仅成本低廉，而且用之不尽。 重点句型 22.Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!记住每个人都可以做点(对保护环境)有益的事! 23.I think our town will look nicer with more trees around. 我认为周围有更多的树木，我们的城镇会更加美丽。 24.Our environment is changing for the worse, so it is time for us to go green!我们的环境变得越来越糟糕，所以该是我们行动起来保护环境的时候了! 重点语法 04 重点语法 考点1：adj./adv.+enough+to do sth.结构 ①adj./adv.+enough+to do sth. 足够……做某事 ,常用来描述一个人的品质和能力。此结构中的动词不定式作状语。 He is careful enough to look after your sister well. 他足够细心，(他)可以照顾好你妹妹。 ②句型“主语+be动词+形容词+enough to do sth.”用来描述一个人的品质或能力，表示“某人足够……能做某事。” He's old enough to take care of himself. 他足够大了，能照顾他自己了。 Note：enough作副词，修饰形容词或副词时，置于被修饰词的后面。 ③enough to结构可与so…that…结构相互转换。 Tom is funny enough to make us laugh. =Tom is so funny that he can make us laugh. 汤姆非常有趣，可以将我们逗乐。 重点语法 考点2：enough的其他用法 enough在句中还可以作状语、定语和表语。 Although Bill isn't rich enough,he often gives money to the poor. (作状语)虽然比尔不是很富裕，(但)他经常给穷人捐款。 We have enough chairs for everyone. (作定语)我们有足够(多)的椅子让大家坐。 These apples are enough for me. (作表语)这些苹果对我来说足够了。 重点语法 考点3：too…to…的用法 too…to… 太……而不能……，该结构在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上表达一个否定的结果，用肯定形式表达否定结果。 too的后面可接形容词或副词的原级，to在这里是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。 He got up too late to catch the early bus. 他起床太迟了，以至于(他)没有赶上早班公共汽车。 She is too careless to find out all the mistakes. 她太粗心了，以至于(她)没能找出所有的错误。 ①too + adj./adv.的原级 + to do sth. The boy is too young to go to school. 这个男孩年龄太小而不能上学。 He walks too slowly to get there on time. 他走得太慢，不能按时到那儿。 在too…to…结构中，不定式的前面可加介词for来引出逻辑主语。 This question is too difficult for me to answer. 这个问题太难，我无法作答。 English is too difficult for me to learn well.学好英语对我来说太难了。 重点语法 考点4：too…to…可与not…enough to及so…that…相互转换 1.too…to…结构可与not…enough to…结构相互转换，enough前的形容词或副词应是too后面的形容词或副词的反义词。 The boy is too young to go to school.=The boy is not old enough to go to school. 这个男孩太小了，以至于(他)不能去上学。 He is too young to drive. =He is not old enough to drive. =He is so young that he can't drive. 他年龄太小，不能开车。 Note：enough前的形容词或副词与too后的形容词或副词应是反义关系。 2.too…to…结构可与so…that…结构相互转换，so的后面需接形容词或副词的原级，that的后面接从句，且从句要用否定形式。 She was too poor to afford that beautiful dress. =She was so poor that she could not afford that beautiful dress. 她太穷了，以至于(她)买不起那条漂亮的连衣裙。 重点语法 考点5：It is＋adj．＋．．．结构 1 .It is＋adj．＋动词不定式 该句型结构中,it为形式主语 ,真正的主语为其后的动词不定式. It is wise to take a map and a mobilep hone．带一张地图和一个手机是明智的 . 2 .It is＋adj＋for＋sb．＋动词不定式 一般情况下 ,用作主语的动词不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可以在特定的上下文或情景中看出 ,但在该结构中,动词不定式结构的逻辑主语就是for后面的人或物, for sb．to do sth．通常被称为不定式复式结构. 在此结构中的形容词通常是表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况. 这类形容词: easy, hard, difficult, interesting, important, impossible, cheap, expensive,possible,useful,wonderful等. It is important for us to learn English well．对我们来说学好英语是重要的 . He is kind to help me with my English．他真好，帮我学英语。 重点语法 考点5：It is＋adj．＋．．．结构 3 .It is＋adj＋of＋sb．＋动词不定式 of sb．to do sth．也是动词不定式的复合结构,用 of引出动作的执行者. 在此结构中的形容词通常是描述人 品质、个性的形容词. 如 : brave, careless, clever,nice, kind, friendly, honest, good, silly, polite, foolish等 . 这个结构可以转化成 :sb．＋be＋adj．动词不定式 . It is kind of him to help me with my English. He is kind to help me with my English．他真好，帮我学英语。 重点语法 考点6：被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 (1)当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。 We dean the classroom every day. 我们每天都打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都被我们打扫。 重点语法 考点6：被动语态 (2)被动语态的基本构成： 主语 be动词 过去分词 一般现在时 I am supported You/We/They are He/She/It is 一般过去时 I was supported You/We/They were He/She/It was 重点语法 考点6：被动语态 (3)被动语态的基本用法： ①动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时。如：None of the books was taken away.没有一本书被拿走。 ②在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。如：The toy is designed for children.这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。 ③需要强调动作的承受者时。如：My bike was repaired. 我的自行车修好了。 ④出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。如：This problem was talked about just now.这个问题刚刚才被讨论过。 ⑤在被动语态的句子中，如果我们需要指出动作的执行者，可以由by引出。如：Mr. Wu is liked by all of his students.所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。 注意：有些动词常用被动语态。如：He was born in Nanjing. 他生于南京。 This mobile phone was made in China.这部手机是中国制造的。 重点语法 考点7：被动语态的一般将来时 被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作 . 其基本构成是 : shall/will be/be going to be＋动词的过去分词. They are going to plant more trees.→ More trees are going to be planted by them. 重点语法 2 . 主动语态变被动语态要注意 : (1) 有些动词带有两个宾语, 即直接宾语和间接宾语,变被动语态时 , 一般情况下是把直接宾语变成主语. 需要注意的是 :若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语,需要在间接宾语之间加上介词 to或 for. Peter bought me a pen．(主动语态) A pen was bought for me by Peter．(被动语态) (2) 在主动语态中, 感官动词和使役动词之后带有复合宾语, 即宾语和宾语补足语, 这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当,to被省略,但在被动语态中,这个 to一定要还原. I often hear her sing this popular song．(主动语态) She is often heard to sing this popular song．(被动语态) 练一练 05 练一练 一、单项选择 1．Steve Jobs was a great man who ________ the use of digital music.（　　） A．pushed away B．pushed for C．pulled out D．put in 2． You have to hand in your homework tomorrow，so make sure it here in time.（　　） A． bring B． bringing C． to bring D． not bring 3．Eddie was tired the bag.He stopped to have a rest.（　　） A．so；to carry B．too；carrying C．too；to carry D．that；carrying 4．He ran and ran，but he couldn't run_______ to catch the bus．（　　） A．so fast B．enough fast C．too fast D．fast enough B C C D 练一练 5．—Excuse me，is the museum open every day？ —_____ .It's only open from Monday to Friday.（　　） A．Yes，of course B．That' s right C．I' m not sure D．I' m afraid not 6．It is important _______ people ________ learn team spirit．（　　） A．of； of B．of； to C．for； to D．to； to 7．—My father's new cellphone can be used ______ e﹣mails． —Is he used _____ on such a small screen？（　　） A．to send； to write B．for sending； to write C．to send； to writing D．to sending； to writing 8．Su Yang was very excited when he won a gold，because his dream at last．（　　） A．came up B．came down C．came true D．came in D C C C 练一练 9．_____ is necessary for us _____ our own dreams．（　　） A．That；have B．It；have C．That；having D．It；to have 10．We students can _______ food and old clothes to the homeless people，and the teachers can__________ learning skills for the poor children．（　　） A．provide；give B．provide；offer C．offer；give D．give；provide 11．— Did your father use to to work？ —Yes，but now he likes using public transportation.He is used to the bus.（　　） A．drive；taking B．driving；taking C．driving；take D．drive；take 12．—Eric，you ___to go to the teachers' office just now.What's up？ —We aren't allowed to bring phones to school，but I broke the rule.（　　） A．told B．tell C．are told D．were told D A D D 练一练 13．Don't worry，Mrs Black．There's_______ with your son．（　　） A．nothing serious B．something serious C．serious nothing D．serious something 14．All customers ________ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket. A．is asked B．was asked C．are asked D．were asked 15．They couldn't afford ______ by air，so they went by train instead.（　　） A．to travel B．travelling C．travel D．travelled 16．—Why are more and more countries starting to use new types of energy？ —Because they cost and are good for the environment．（　　） A．little B．cheap C．low D．much C A A A 练一练 17．—The teenagers clean up the city park every Saturday. —Sometimes small things can make a .（　　） A． deal B． decision C． difference D． discussion 18．Trees __________ on both sides of the road next year．（　　） A．will plant B．will be planted C．are going to plant D．are planted 19．I would be interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve，because it allows people ______ closer to them.（　　） A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 20．—Are you going to do a part﹣time job in your free time？ —Yes.I don't think I should always my parents.（　　） A．turn on B．put on C．depend on D．come on B C B C 练一练 二、选词填空 Lei Feng Spirit Carrying on "It is not hard to do one good deed，but it is hard to do good deeds all your life．" Chairman Mao （1） 　 　 said．And he called on people to learn from him．Do you know who the man is？He is Lei Feng． Lei Feng was born in a poor family in a little mountain village of Hunan Province，on December 18th，1940．He didn't go to school （2）　 　 he was 10 years old．At the age of 18，he became a steel（3）　 　 ．He was often praised for his good job．On January 8th，1960，he joined the army and several months later，he joined the Communist Party．He loved the Party and the people，and kept doing something good for others．When he got （4）　 　 ，he always said， "It's my duty and it's just that some people need some help，there should be someone standing out （5）　 　 them a hand．" He became a model soldier one year later．To our sadness，Lei Feng died in an accident in 1962． March 5th （6）　 　 a "Learn from Lei Feng Day" since 1963．When Lei Feng's Diary came out，People began to know more about him than before．Now the term "Living LeiFeng" has become a name for anyone who is brave，anyone who has （7）　 　 love for his country，anyone who works hard，（8）　 　 anyone who is always ready to help others…． Lei Feng's spirit will live in（9）　 　 hearts．Lei Feng's spirit will be remembered by the（10）　 　 nation forever．And we will surely practice his spirit in life as he did． once whole   deep; thanks; to give; once; or; has been; whole; until; worker; our until worker thanks to give has been deep or our 练一练 三、语法填空 How many backpacks have you owned since you went to school？Backpacks （1）_________ （become） common and popular among students in the past 30 years.If your backpacks become old，will you just treat them as rubbish and throw them away？Five years ago，a research （2）　 　 （show） that 85%of the old backpacks ended up in rubbish.But as we know，most backpacks are produced from different （3）　 　 （material）.If we throw them away，they will be harmful （4）　 　 our environment. Although some of the old backpacks are no longer of their right color or size，there are still many things you can do with them.Here are some （5）　 　 （use） ways for you.For example，do you feel it difficult to find （6）　 　 （you） tools in the house？You can solve this problem by （7）　 　 （make） use of your old backpacks to store all kinds of tools.Also，it is （8）　 　 wonderful idea that you can put your old backpacks online for sale.Besides，offering your backpacks to other poor kids is another good choice，as those old backpacks may make their life （9）　 　 （good）than before. All in all，old backpacks are still of great value as long as we put them into use （10）________　 　 （wise）.Remember：rubbish can be turned into treasures! have become showed materials for useful your making a better wisely Thank you ! what for? sAr courtship, track 3, disc 1 2011 211134.42 XXX - 163 key(Don't modify):L64FU3W4YxX3ZFTmbZ+8/S95TZvV0izsIkJ2vH30+FRMQezCalMOfbUH26mXnShqS6038wpEXD3zMmACXCwKN+YOFPXwxdYncTkaEKR4dIdJotMXhltNTdlOJNDNfYx5Zh/osFzkjbrAJQK57TqbvBoqJ12DErs6pRL7VKLJTRXg9bAILouBnt/ijr2EoJgzrObJZu+fT1ba6aomgqYAm8+cD2DPacOxo1cxX+zjcAvenroLxnE3tM+SP3kUVblIejfNA9qsR6yLUpZSWY+Un0o+h+sYW6V6DgpxM4N8QJlxMCXU2Bxdf3MNbJqKA06Kr7y3kJk0PffUk6B/rpUfNBEDCzDzjqoervLN1VormqeXoP1aYHsrYGoR0FSKsu6O7LHrWQ1cQXCKiMSCHa78prNtV92sEqBvlKcJlQNJ9Dz/uoaH9yMlqXfiHtVteK4H0/1lCzb7mK9Dpx7uEpIrFA== $$