精品解析：北京市北京大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中英语试题

北大附中2024-2025学年第二学期期中考试 高一英语 2025. 4. Class______________ Name______________ Score______________ 注意事项 1. 考试时间：90分钟。满分：100分。 2. 所有试题答案必须写在答题纸的规定位置，超出范围无效。 3. 使用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔答题，不得使用铅笔答题。不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。 4. 考试结束后，只提交答题纸，试卷自己留存。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 When Nancy Beiman was 65 and retired from her job as a professor of animation (动画), she had no ____1____ as to how she would fill her days. “Many people have an artistic hobby. But what was I, a ____2____ artist, supposed to do? Take up accounting?” But one morning when she woke up, she ____3____ the idea for a comic strip (连环画). For this new idea, Beiman decided to sketch characters on paper, then ____4____ the drawings with a brush pen and paints. She started doodling (涂鸦) a cat from a previous film, alongside two dogs and a little girl. The ____5____ was FurBabies, a series about a family of dogs, a cat and a child. Beiman had not planned on ____6____ the idea until she showed the characters to a friend, the cartoonist Lynn Johnston. Seeing the drawings, Johnston said, “You’ve got something here.” And then she gave Beiman lessons on how to develop little scripts. ____7____, as an animator, Beiman was no stranger to work with larger-than-life characters. Even so, she says the switch from animation to comics wasn’t as ____8____ as it sounds. But she enjoyed the challenge. Following her friend’s tutoring, she wrote 24 mini-scripts and later, she submitted them to a famous comic website. “I was extremely surprised to get ____9____ on first submission.” Beiman reflects on her experience of creating a comic strip, saying, “Retirement doesn’t mean the end of creativity. It’s never too late to try something new and ____10____ yourself.” 1. A. choice B. clue C. ambition D. task 2. A. professional B. serious C. popular D. lucky 3. A. got over with B. looked up to C. took care of D. came up with 4. A. coloured B. outlined C. restored D. reviewed 5. A. aim B. result C. effort D. solution 6. A. changing B. accepting C. recommending D. continuing 7. A. Obviously B. Eventually C. Surprisingly D. Accidentally 8. A. interesting B. awkward C. smooth D. demanding 9. A. commented B. invited C. signed D. assisted 10. A. cure B. comfort C. judge D. challenge 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 65 岁从动画教授职位退休的 Nancy Beiman，原本不知如何打发时间，后来突发奇想创作连环画的故事，她在朋友的帮助下取得了一定成果，她认为退休并不意味着创造力的终结，尝试新事物挑战自我永远不晚。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当 Nancy Beiman 65 岁从动画教授的工作岗位退休时，她不知道如何打发日子。A. choice选择；B. clue线索，思路；C. ambition抱负；D. task任务。根据下文“But what was I, a 　　　2　　　 artist, supposed to do?” 可知，她不知道如何打发日子，have no clue“不知道”。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是我，一个专业的艺术家，应该做什么呢？A. professional专业的；B. serious严肃的；C. popular流行的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“as a professor of animation (动画)” 可知，她是专业的动画艺术家，故选A。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是一天早上当她醒来时，她想出了一个连环画的主意。A. got over with结束；B. looked up to尊敬；C. took care of照顾；D. came up with想出。根据下文“the idea for a comic strip” 可知，他想出了一个主意，故选D。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于这个新想法，Beiman 决定在纸上画人物，然后用毛笔和颜料勾勒出这些画。A. coloured上色；B. outlined勾勒轮廓；C. restored恢复；D. reviewed复习，回顾。根据上文“sketch characters on paper”以及下文“with a brush pen and paints”可知，先画人物，然后用毛笔和颜料勾勒轮廓，故选B。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果就产生了《宠物宝贝》，一个关于狗、猫和一个孩子的家庭的系列连环画。A. aim目标；B. result结果；C. effort努力；D. solution解决办法。前面提到她开始画一些角色，后面说出现了《宠物宝贝》这个系列，这是她创作的结果，故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Beiman 原本没打算继续这个想法，直到她把这些角色展示给她的朋友，漫画家 Lynn Johnston。A. changing改变；B. accepting接受；C. recommending推荐；D. continuing继续。根据下文“until she showed the characters to a friend” 以及“ And then she gave Beiman lessons on how to develop little scripts”可知，朋友的鼓励让她继续下去可知，她原本没打算继续，故选D。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，作为一个动画师，Beiman对处理夸张的角色并不陌生。A. Obviously显然；B. Eventually最终；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Accidentally偶然地。根据下文“as an animator, Beiman was no stranger to work with larger-than-life characters.”可知，因为她是动画教授，所以显然对处理这类角色不陌生，故A。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，她说从动画到漫画的转变并不像听起来那么顺利。A. interesting有趣的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. smooth顺利的；D. demanding要求高的。根据下文“But she enjoyed the challenge.”可知，转变有挑战，并不顺利，故选C。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次提交就被签约了，这让我非常惊讶。A. commented评论；B. invited邀请；C. signed签约；D. assisted帮助。根据上文“she submitted them to a famous comic website”以及她感到惊讶可知，是被网站签约了，故选C。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尝试新事物并挑战自我永远都不晚。A. cure治愈；B. comfort安慰；C. judge判断；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“But she enjoyed the challenge.” 可知，她认为这是在挑战自我，故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 After buying a lottery and winning a sum of $675,000, Lapierre quit her nursing job and ____11____ (dedicate) her life to helping others through her passion project, Le Book Humanitaire. The deeds were just small acts of kindness-buying clothes for a family of ____12____ (new) arrived immigrants or giving medical attention to someone living on the streets — that anyone else might have done. But word started spreading, her phone began ringing and a Facebook page ____13____ she created for the project became an efficient way to receive requests from those in need and those who wanted to help. 【答案】11. dedicated 12. newly 13. which##that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Lapierre中奖后辞去工作，致力于通过Le Book Humanitaire项目帮助他人的故事。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：在买了一张彩票并中了67.5万美元之后，Lapierre辞去了她的护士工作，并致力于通过她的激情项目“Le Book Humanitaire”来帮助他人。根据“After buying a lottery and winning a sum of $675,000”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语dedicate“奉献”用过去式。故填dedicated。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些善举只是小小的善意行为——为新来的移民家庭买衣服，或者为街头流浪者提供医疗救助——这些事其他人可能也会做。此处修饰动词arrived，应用副词newly“新近”，作状语，故填newly。 【13题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但消息开始传开，她的电话开始响个不停，她为该项目创建的Facebook页面成为了接收有需要的人和想要提供帮助的人的请求的有效途径。“ ____ she created for the project”为定语从句，先行词是a Facebook page，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作created的宾语，应用关系代词which/that引导，故填which/that。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nature has been scientifically shown to benefit human health and well-being. This type of therapy (治疗), ____14____ (call) ecotherapy, includes various activities in nature that can improve health. For example, a study found that going on an adventure alone ____15____ the wild can help develop different skills, increase environmental awareness and create a sense of freedom. Research has also shown that taking cold baths can improve circulation and release feel-good ____16____ (chemical) in the brain. Exposure to the sea, sun, woods and gardening can also help people feel better. 【答案】14. called 15. in 16. chemicals 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学研究表明自然对人类健康和幸福有益。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种类型的治疗，被称为生态疗法，包括各种在大自然中的可以改善健康的活动。therapy与call之间是被动关系，即“治疗被叫做生态疗法”，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填called。 【15题详解】 考查介词。句意：例如，一项研究发现，独自在野外进行冒险可以帮助培养不同的技能，提高环境意识，并创造一种自由感。固定短语in the wild“在野外”。故填in。 【16题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：研究还表明，洗冷水澡可以改善血液循环，并释放大脑中让人感觉良好的化学物质。chemical“化学物质”是可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，泛指多种能让人感觉良好的化学物质，作宾语。故填chemicals。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Chinese architect Liu Jiakun was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize, becoming the second winner from China ____17____ (receive) the highest honor in the field of architecture. Over four decades, he ____18____ (build) a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully designed museums to large commercial buildings. Besides, he has developed a strategy that ____19____ (rely) on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are ____20____ we strive for, according to the architect. 【答案】17. to receive 18. has built 19. relies 20. what 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国建筑师刘家琨获得2025年普利兹克建筑奖，以及他的建筑作品和理念。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国建筑师刘家琨获得了2025年普利兹克建筑奖，成为第二位获得建筑领域最高荣誉的中国获奖者。名词winner被序数词the second修饰，其后常用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。 【18题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的四十年里，他已经创作出了多样化的作品，从小巧、设计精美的博物馆到大型商业建筑。根据时间状语“Over four decades (在过去的四十年里)”可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，主语“he”是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has built。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：此外，他已经制定出一种策略，该策略依赖于以不同方式评估每个项目的具体特征和要求。空处作定语从句的谓语，主语that指代的是先行词a strategy，为单数，句子陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填relies。 【20题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这位建筑师认为，人们的真实生活、幸福和尊严是我们所追求的东西。空处引导表语从句，从句中“strive for”缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用连接代词“what”引导表语从句。故填what。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Best Washington, D. C. Museums Washington, D.C. has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History There is something for everyone at this world-famous museum. It houses so many artifacts (手工艺品) that you can’t possibly see them all in one visit. The dinosaur exhibits are fascinating and great for kids. Then there’s amazing scenery in the IMAX films. Visiting Tip: If you are visiting with kids, be sure to have a shot at hands-on activities. Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens Located outside of the city, the home of George Washington is often missed. The estate is the most scenic tourist attraction in the Washington, D.C. area. The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life. Visiting Tip: Visit the Mansion first as it is usually the most crowded. U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum The museum is a memorial to the millions of victims who died during World War II. The exhibits tell the horrific story of genocide and teach the dangers of hatred and prejudice. Visiting this museum is an emotional experience. The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18. Visiting Tip: Timed passes are distributed for the same day on a first-come, first-served basis. 21. What can visitors gain by visiting Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens? A. A feast of ancient architectural art. B. A review of American history. C. A knowledge of real estate development. D. An insight into George Washington’s life. 22. Which museum is unsuitable for kids? A. None of the museums. B. Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens. C. U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. D. National Museum of Natural History. 23 Where is this passage probably taken from? A. A travel journal. B. A shopping guide. C. A sports magazine. D. An architecture report. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区几座值得参观的博物馆。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens部分中“The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life. (这座历史悠久的住宅经过修复和装饰，恢复了华盛顿居住时的样子。博物馆和教育中心设有25个最先进的画廊和剧院，讲述华盛顿的生活故事。)”可知，游客可以通过参观Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens深入了解乔治·华盛顿的生活。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum部分中“The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18. (不建议18岁以下的儿童参观这些展品。)”可知，U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum不适合儿童参观。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段“Washington, D.C. has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses. (华盛顿特区有许多精彩的博物馆，几乎能吸引每一位游客的兴趣。从大型的由公共资金资助的机构到小型的历史故居，做好充分学习的准备，同时还能发现一些令人惊喜的意外收获。)”可知，文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区几座值得参观的博物馆，文章可能选自一本旅游杂志。故选A。 B A voice reaches us from silence: “I am alive, I can think, and no one has the right to deny me these two realities.” The words were conveyed by a flicker (跳动) of the left eyelid. It came from a book, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, by a former journalist. Jean Dominique Bauby. He worked for journals like the Quotidien de Paris and Paris Match. For four years until December 1995, he was the very successful chief editor of Elle. Then the unthinkable happened. A cardiovascular (心血管的) accident sent him into a deep coma (昏迷). His brain remained undamaged, but its connection to his body left him with only the ability to blink (眨眼) his left eyelid. The poor man was found to be suffering from the rare disease “Locked-in Syndrome”, unable to breathe or eat without assistance. In this body, however, his brain was working wildly, trying to make people understand what he was thinking. Assisted by nurse Claude Mendibil, he was able to write his book, using only his ability to blink at the most frequently used letters. Blink. Pause. Blink again. 200,000 times, he spelled out his book — 100 pages born from the silence of his body. In it, Bauby describes his paralyzed (瘫痪的) existence as being trapped in an old-fashioned deep-sea diving bell while the “butterflies” of his mind fly freely. One would expect from this process formal factual report, but that is not the case. The book reads in flowing images that light up his dilemma. The style is clear and fresh, and not without elegance, imagination and humor. He is also in search of past time, of memory itself, of the books he had read, the poems he had learnt by heart. Even sadder, he thinks of all the books he wanted to read and hadn’t gotten to. He has to listen to someone else reading them to him. He recalls meals, a horse race, his life and work as an editor, and his struggle in his hospital bed to twitch (抽动) his nose when a fly lands on it. “From this hell comes a great message of life and hope,” said Antoine Audouard, a friend of Bauby’s and the book’s publisher. 24. What can we know about Jean Dominique Bauby from the passage? A. He used to be a journalist and an editor. B. He continued to run magazines from his hospital bed. C. He suffered brain damage due to Locked-in Syndrome. D. He passed away shortly after his cardiovascular accident. 25. What do paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly talk about? A. How Bauby was able to write his book. B. What Bauby’s life was like after he had been paralyzed. C. What The Diving Bell and the Butterfly is mainly about. D. Why Bauby named his book The Diving Bell and the Butterfly. 26. What can we know about the book The Diving Bell and the Butterfly from the text? A. It is written in a formal and serious style. B. It describes Bauby’s paralyzed existence vividly. C. It prioritizes detailed accounts of his daily routines. D. It makes readers understand Locked-in Syndrome easily 27. Which of the following words can best describe Bauby? A. Strong-willed and creative. B. Open-minded and adaptable. C. Bad-tempered and stubborn. D. Generous and compassionate. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了前记者兼编辑让・多米尼克・鲍比在患上“闭锁综合征” 后，凭借眨眼的能力写出了《潜水钟与蝴蝶》这本书，展现了他顽强的意志和对生活的希望。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“He worked for journals like the Quotidien de Paris and Paris Match. For four years until December 1995, he was the very successful chief editor of Elle.(他曾为《巴黎日报》和《巴黎竞赛画报》等杂志工作。在 1995 年 12 月之前的四年里，他是《ELLE》杂志非常成功的主编)”可知，让・多米尼克・鲍比曾是一名记者和编辑。故选A。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Assisted by nurse Claude Mendibil, he was able to write his book, using only his ability to blink at the most frequently used letters. Blink. Pause. Blink again. 200,000 times, he spelled out his book — 100 pages born from the silence of his body. In it, Bauby describes his paralyzed (瘫痪的) existence as being trapped in an old-fashioned deep-sea diving bell while the “butterflies” of his mind fly freely.(在护士克劳德·门迪比尔的帮助下，他完成了这本书，只需要对最常用的字母眨眼。眨了眨眼。暂停。眨眼一次。他把自己的书拼了20万遍——100页的书诞生于他身体的沉默中。在书中，鲍比把他瘫痪的生活描述为被困在一个老式的深海潜水钟里，而他头脑中的“蝴蝶”却自由地飞翔)”以及第五段“He is also in search of past time, of memory itself, of the books he had read, the poems he had learnt by heart. Even sadder, he thinks of all the books he wanted to read and hadn’t gotten to. He has to listen to someone else reading them to him. He recalls meals, a horse race, his life and work as an editor, and his struggle in his hospital bed to twitch (抽动) his nose when a fly lands on it.(他也在寻找过去的时光，记忆本身，他读过的书，他熟记的诗。更让他难过的是，他想起了所有他想读却没读到的书。他必须听别人读给他听。他回忆起吃饭、赛马、他作为编辑的生活和工作，以及他在医院病床上当苍蝇落在鼻子上时挣扎着抽动鼻子的经历)”根据这两段内容可知，其主要讲述了鲍比瘫痪后的生活，包括他写书的过程以及书中回忆的过往经历等。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In it, Bauby describes his paralyzed (瘫痪的) existence as being trapped in an old-fashioned deep-sea diving bell while the “butterflies” of his mind fly freely.(在书中，鲍比将自己瘫痪的生活描述为被困在一个老式的深海潜水钟里，而他脑海中的 “蝴蝶” 却自由地飞翔)”可知，这本书生动地描述了鲍比瘫痪后的生活。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In this body, however, his brain was working wildly, trying to make people understand what he was thinking. Assisted by nurse Claude Mendibil, he was able to write his book, using only his ability to blink at the most frequently used letters.(然而，在这个身体里，他的大脑疯狂地工作，试图让人们理解他在想什么。在护士克劳德·门迪比尔的帮助下，他完成了这本书，只需要对最常用的字母眨眼)”可知，他在瘫痪的情况下，仅用眨眼这种艰难的方式完成了一本书，体现出他意志坚强（Strong-willed）。再根据第五段 “The style is clear and fresh, and not without elegance, imagination and humor.(风格清新明快，不乏优雅、想象力和幽默)”，可知他的作品富有创造力，体现了他是个有创造力（creative）的人。故选A。 C A recent groundbreaking study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive financial damages due to climate change, projecting annual damages of about $38 trillion by the year 2050. This figure highlights the severe economic challenges that lie ahead on a global scale, with the greatest impacts expected to burden the countries least responsible for greenhouse emissions. The economic damage primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施). The study also notes potential increases in costs due to more frequent and severe weather events, which are expected to become more common as global temperatures rise. The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity: nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climate justice issue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts. Anders Levermann, head of complexity science at PIK and co-author of the study, emphasized the inequity and urgency of the situation. “Countries in the tropics will suffer the most because they are already warmer. Further temperature increases will therefore be most harmful there,” he explained. Levermann argues for a rapid structural shift towards renewable energy to ease these impacts and stabilize global temperatures. When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh predictions. Previous studies have similarly highlighted the economic damages of climate change but lacked the extensive regional and specific insights this study provides. The study strongly advocates for great and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the worst of these economic damages. It suggests that slowing climate change is not only a moral and environmental must but also economically advantageous, as the cost of inaction is far greater than the expenses associated with reducing global warming to manageable levels. The socioeconomic consequences of such extensive economic losses could lead to heightened global inequality and potentially, social unrest (动荡). This prediction stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change. 28. Climate change will cause massive economic damage worldwide mainly because ________. A. the average world temperature will increase much faster than expected B. tropical regions are not ready for the damages caused by climate change C poor countries will experience economic crises due to severe weather events D. higher temperatures will affect farming, workforce efficiency and infrastructure 29. By “a disconcerting disparity” in paragraph 3, the author means ________. A. lower-emission tropical nations will suffer more in economy B. higher-emission countries are trying to play their role in climate impacts C. people in tropical countries will carn 60% less than those in rich countries D. higher-income countries are unwilling to invest in slowing global warming 30. The PIK study is notable due to ________. A. its strict climate impact forecasts B. its different approach to analyzing data C. its overall statistics and severe forecasts D. its similar regional insights with previous studies 31. What does the PIK study imply? A. More expenses should be invested in keeping climate change manageable. B. Reducing gas emissions will benefit the environment but harm the economy. C. Inequality should be reduced through cooperation in fighting climate change. D. The extensive economic losses have caused global inequality and social unrest. 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了波茨坦气候影响研究所（PIK）最近的一项突破性研究预测，气候变化会造成巨大的经济损失，预计到2050年，每年的损失约为38万亿美元。这一数字凸显了全球范围内面临的严峻经济挑战，预计受到最大影响的是对温室气体排放负责最少的国家。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The economic damage primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施).(经济损失主要源于气温升高及其对农业、劳动生产率和基础设施的影响)”可知，气候变化将在全球范围内造成巨大的经济损失，主要是因为气温升高将影响农业、劳动力效率和基础设施。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity: nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climate justice issue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts.(研究结果揭示了一个令人不安的差异：历史上碳排放量最少的热带地区国家，预计将比那些高收入、高排放的国家遭受60%的收入损失。这凸显了一个重要的气候正义问题，因为这些最不发达国家拥有的资源更少，无法适应日益严重的气候影响)”可推知，作者在第3段中所说的“令人不安的差距”是指对排放负责最少的贫穷国家将在经济上遭受最大的损失。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh projections.(与其他主要气候影响预测相比，PIK的研究以其全面的数据分析和严谨的预测而脱颖而出)”可知，PIK的研究因其全面的统计和严谨的预测而引人注目。故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This prediction stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change.(这一预测强调了在气候行动计划和制定公平政策方面开展国际合作的重要性，这些政策承认并弥补受气候变化影响最严重的欠发达国家所面临的不平等)”可推知，PIK研究暗示了通过合作应对气候变化减少不平等。故选C。 D Over the last 25 years, perhaps one of the most disappointing changes in newspapers has been the unavoidable decline in the range and seriousness of their arts coverage. For most young readers, it’s hard to believe that there was a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. In the 20th century, a large number of the most significant collections of criticism included many art reviews (评论). Today, when we read them, we may be amazed that those great reviews were once considered suitable for publication in everyday newspapers. We are even farther removed from the newspaper reviews published between 1900 and World War II, at a time when newsprint was extremely cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered a decoration for the publications. A long time ago, the critics of major papers were expected to write deeply and fully about the events they covered. These men believed in journalism as a responsibility and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to succeed in journalism,” Ernest Newman, a noted British music critic, once wrote. Unfortunately, these critics are almost forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known only as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. However, only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music criticism is unknown except to professionals. It seems unlikely that Cardus’s criticism will experience a revival (复兴). Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered (词藻华丽) Victorian prose in which he specialized. Although the golden age of arts criticism may have passed, its legacy continues to inspire a deeper appreciation for the role of the arts in our daily lives. 32. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Newspapers with more arts coverage sold well. B. There were more art reviews in newspapers in the past. C. The criticism published in the 20th century lacked great contents. D. Arts criticism was a major part of newspapers in the early 20th century. 33. Why is Cardus’s criticism no longer popular? A. Because his works are no longer professional. B. Because people doubt his reputation as a knight. C. Because his writing style fails to suit modern tastes. D. Because he mainly writes essays on the game of cricket. 34 Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. The Lost Horizon in Newspapers B. The Shortage of Literary Geniuses C. The Renowned Critics in Memory D. The Newspapers of the Good Old Days 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了过去25年报纸在艺术评论方面的不可避免的衰退，以及这种变化对读者和文化的影响。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For most young readers, it’s hard to believe that there was a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. In the 20th century, a large number of the most significant collections of criticism included many art reviews (评论). Today, when we read them, we may be amazed that those great reviews were once considered suitable for publication in everyday newspapers. (对于大多数年轻读者来说，很难相信曾经有一段时间，在大多数大城市的报纸上都能找到高质量的艺术评论。在20世纪，大量最重要的批评文集包括许多艺术评论。今天，当我们读到它们时，我们可能会惊讶于那些伟大的评论曾经被认为适合在日常报纸上发表。)”和第三段的句子“We are even farther removed from the newspaper reviews published between 1900 and World War II, at a time when newsprint was extremely cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered a decoration for the publications. (我们离1900年到第二次世界大战期间出版的报纸评论更远了，当时新闻纸非常便宜，时尚的艺术评论被认为是出版物的装饰。)”可以推论出，过去报纸上的艺术评论比现在多。故选B项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It seems unlikely that Cardus’s criticism will experience a revival. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Victorian prose in which he specialized. (卡迪斯的评论似乎不太可能复兴。他去世很久以前，新闻界的品味就已经发生了变化，而后现代读者对他擅长的华丽的维多利亚风格散文几乎没有需求。)”可知，卡迪斯的批评不再受欢迎是因为他的写作风格不符合现代读者的口味。故选C项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“Over the last 25 years, perhaps one of the most disappointing changes in newspapers has been the unavoidable decline in the range and seriousness of their arts coverage. (在过去的25年里，也许报纸最令人失望的变化之一就是其艺术报道的范围和严肃性不可避免地下降。)”可知，文章主要讨论了报纸艺术评论的衰退，以及这种变化对读者和文化的影响。文章通过历史对比，展示了过去报纸艺术评论的黄金时代以及现在的衰退。因此，用A项“The Lost Horizon in Newspapers (报纸中失落的地平线)”作为本文的标题，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ____35____ This power often leads us to think too highly of its creators. We admire artists for their creativity, often seeing their works as reflections of themselves. But what happens when we find out that an artist has done something wrong? For example, if we learn that Picasso mistreated women, Enid Blyton held racist views, or Charlie Chaplin harmed minors, does their art lose its value? ____36____. On one hand, it’s hard to separate the art from the artist. Supporting their work might feel like supporting their bad behavior, especially when they earn money from it. In today’s world, every click and purchase is noticed. ____37____ On the other hand, art often goes beyond its creator. ____38____. An artwork carries cultural and historical importance, and throwing it away risks losing part of our shared history. Also, art is deeply personal — its meaning is shaped by the audience, not just the artist. By focusing on the art itself, we can appreciate its ability to uplift, entertain, and inspire, no matter the creator’s flaws. In the end, while artists should be held responsible for their actions, their work should be judged on its own. For art, once released, no longer belongs solely to its creator. ____39____. As long as it does this it deserves its place in history, separate from the mistakes of its creator. A. As T.S. Eliot said, a work of art stands on its own. B. Different people’s opinions towards an artist can be quite varied. C. Consuming their art can send a message that talent excuses bad actions. D. Art is important for human life, offering escape, inspiration, and connection. E. Art serves a bigger purpose: to connect, empower, and reflect human experiences. F. Understanding the time period of an artist helps us accept their flaws without excusing them. G. This problem makes us consider the complicated relationship between an artist and their work. 【答案】35. D 36. G 37. C 38. E 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了艺术家个人行为与其作品价值之间的复杂关系，并提出了应对这一问题的观点。 【35题详解】 由下文“This power often leads us to think too highly of its creators. We admire artists for their creativity, often seeing their works as reflections of themselves. But what happens when we find out that an artist has done something wrong? For example, if we learn that Picasso mistreated women, Enid Blyton held racist views, or Charlie Chaplin harmed minors, does their art lose its value? (这种力量常常导致我们过高地评价其创作者。我们钦佩艺术家们的创造力，常常将他们的作品视为他们自身的写照。但当我们发现一位艺术家做了错事时会怎样呢？例如，如果我们得知毕加索曾虐待女性，伊妮德・布莱顿持有种族主义观点，或者查理・卓别林伤害过未成年人，他们的艺术作品会失去价值吗？)”可知，本空应该强调艺术这种力量，选项D“Art is important for human life, offering escape, inspiration, and connection. ( 艺术对人类生活很重要，它提供了逃避现实的途径、灵感以及人与人之间的联系。)”中艺术的重要性产生的影响可以解释“这种力量”，即因为艺术对人类生活有重要意义，所以会让我们对其创作者有更高的评价，能引出下文的作用，符合语境。故选D。 【36题详解】 由上文“For example, if we learn that Picasso mistreated women, Enid Blyton held racist views, or Charlie Chaplin harmed minors, does their art lose its value? (例如，如果我们了解到毕加索曾虐待女性，伊妮德・布莱顿持有种族主义观点，或者查理・卓别林曾伤害未成年人，那么他们的艺术作品会失去价值吗？)”可知，上文提出了“当发现像毕加索等艺术家做了错事时，他们的艺术是否失去价值”这样的问题。由下文“On one hand, it’s hard to separate the art from the artist. Supporting their work might feel like supporting their bad behavior, especially when they earn money from it. In today’s world, every click and purchase is noticed. ( 一方面，很难将艺术与艺术家分开。支持他们的作品可能会让人觉得是在支持他们的不良行为，尤其是当他们从中赚钱的时候。在当今世界，每一次点击和购买都会受到关注。)”和“On the other hand, art often goes beyond its creator. ( 另一方面，艺术往往超越了它的创造者。)”可知，下文分别从两个方面论述了艺术家和他们的作品之间的复杂关系，所以本空应强调艺术家和作品这个复杂的关系引发的思考，所以选项G“This problem makes us consider the complicated relationship between an artist and their work.( 这个问题让我们思考艺术家和他们的作品之间的复杂关系。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 【37题详解】 由上文“On one hand, it’s hard to separate the art from the artist. Supporting their work might feel like supporting their bad behavior, especially when they earn money from it. In today’s world, every click and purchase is noticed. (一方面，很难将艺术与艺术家分开。支持他们的作品可能会让人觉得是在支持他们的不良行为，尤其是当他们从中赚钱的时候。在当今世界，每一次点击和购买都会受到关注。)”可知，上文提到支持艺术家的作品可能会让人觉得是在支持他们的不良行为，本空应强调消费他们的艺术可能会传达一种错误的信息，选项C“Consuming their art can send a message that talent excuses bad actions. ( 消费他们的艺术可能会传达一种信息，即才华可以原谅不良行为。)”能承接上文，符合语境，是对上文的进一步解释说明。故选C。 【38题详解】 由上文“On the other hand, art often goes beyond its creator.( 另一方面，艺术往往超越了它的创造者。)”和下文“An artwork carries cultural and historical importance, and throwing it away risks losing part of our shared history. Also, art is deeply personal—its meaning is shaped by the audience, not just the artist. By focusing on the art itself, we can appreciate its ability to uplift, entertain, and inspire, no matter the creator’s flaws. ( 一件艺术品具有文化和历史意义，扔掉它就有可能失去我们共同历史的一部分。此外，艺术是非常个人化的——它的意义是由观众塑造的，而不仅仅是艺术家。通过关注艺术本身，我们可以欣赏到它提升、娱乐和激励的能力，无论创作者有什么缺点。)”可知，上文提到艺术往往超越了它的创造者，下文具体解释了艺术超越了它的创造者的原因，所以本空应说明艺术的更深层次价值，选项E“Art serves a bigger purpose: to connect, empower, and reflect human experiences.( 艺术有更大的目的：连接、赋予权力和反映人类的经验。)”能承上启下，是对上文的进一步解释说明，同时引出了下文的具体原因，符合语境。故选E。 【39题详解】 由上文“In the end, while artists should be held responsible for their actions, their work should be judged on its own. For art, once released, no longer belongs solely to its creator. ( 最后，虽然艺术家应该为他们行为负责，但他们的作品应该根据作品本身来评判。对于艺术来说，一旦发布，就不再仅仅属于它的创造者。)”可知，上文提到艺术一旦发布，就不再仅仅属于它的创造者，而是应该根据作品本身来评判，本空应总结艺术的独立性，选项A“As T.S. Eliot said, a work of art stands on its own. (正如T.S.艾略特所说，一件艺术品是独立存在的。)”承接上文，是对上文的进一步强调和总结，符合语境。故选A。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Early art shows that humans have long possessed the ability to imagine and create. Not all species had this skill, though. Neanderthals (尼安德特人), our main competitors, were bigger and stronger, yet left behind few advanced tools or objects. Some believe this reflects their limited imagination. In contrast, Homo sapiens (智人) had more complex and creative thinking, which may explain our dominance (主宰) in the world. A clear sign of this is our art, which not only shows imagination but also fosters it. Art pushes us to think in new and deeper ways. It is not just about beauty or fun. Great art is, by definition, complex, and it expects work from us when we engage with it. Great works carry with them so many messages and meanings, which survive for centuries. Moreover, the appreciation of art brings us together — when we go to museums, openings, concerts, movies, or to the ballet or theater. And we argue, and sometimes we fight, but we certainly don’t start a war over artistic expression — art is the most important vehicle by which we come to understand one another. Yet, in the modem world, we often prioritize (优先考虑) reason and science, leaving art and imagination at the edges of our lives. The value of art is increasingly seen as secondary, something easily overlooked, even discarded, in favor of more “practical” pursuits. While the rise of technology has been nothing short of remarkable — connecting us, informing us, and entertaining us, it cannot match the emotional depth, creativity, and ethical judgment humans possess. Who knows what the future will bring? If we Homo sapiens are challenged again, it will not be by the Neanderthal — nor by any other species — but by the machines we invented ourselves. Winning that battle can’t be done without firing up the most important engines we possess: culture and creativity, because reason is born out of our cultural experiences. Works of art carry with them the wisdom of the world. 40. Why could Homo sapiens dominate the world? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What qualities make humans different from technology? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.  Art is the most important vehicle by which we come to understand one another, the value of which is increasingly seen as important. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What role does art play in your life? Explain it. (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Because Homo sapiens had more complex and creative thinking, which enabled them to dominate the world. 41. Humans possess emotional depth, creativity, and ethical judgment, which technology lacks. 42. Underlined part: the value of which is increasingly seen as important. Explanation: The original text states that the value of art is often overlooked in favor of more “practical” pursuits, meaning it is not seen as increasingly important. 43. Art inspires me to think creatively and express emotions. It helps me see the world differently and connects me with others through shared experiences. (40 words) 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章属于议论文。文章围绕艺术的重要性展开论述，通过对比人类与尼安德特人，以及将艺术与现代科技、理性等对比，论证了艺术对人类的重要意义，表达了对艺术价值的思考和观点。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Some believe this reflects their limited imagination. In contrast, Homo sapiens (智人) had more complex and creative thinking, which may explain our dominance (主宰) in the world. (一些人认为这反映了他们有限的想象力。相比之下，智人拥有更复杂和创造性的思维，这也许可以解释我们在世界上的主宰地位。)”可知，智人能够主宰世界是因为他们拥有更复杂和创造性的思维。故填Because Homo sapiens had more complex and creative thinking, which enabled them to dominate the world. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“While the rise of technology has been nothing short of remarkable — connecting us, informing us, and entertaining us, it cannot match the emotional depth, creativity, and ethical judgment humans possess. (虽然科技的崛起非常了不起 —— 连接我们、为我们提供信息、娱乐我们，但它无法与人类所拥有的情感深度、创造力和道德判断相媲美。)”可知，人类所拥有的情感深度、创造力和道德判断是科技所缺乏的，这使得人类与科技不同。故填Humans possess emotional depth, creativity, and ethical judgment, which technology lacks. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“The value of art is increasingly seen as secondary, something easily overlooked, even discarded, in favor of more ‘practical’ pursuits. (艺术的价值越来越被视为次要的，是很容易被忽视甚至被抛弃的东西，人们更倾向于更‘实际’的追求。)”可知，艺术的价值越来越被视为次要的，而不是越来越被认为重要，所以“the value of which is increasingly seen as important (其价值越来越被视为重要)”这句话是错误的。故填Art is the most important vehicle by which we come to understand one another, the value of which is increasingly seen as important. Explanation: The original text states that the value of art is often overlooked in favor of more “practical” pursuits, meaning it is not seen as increasingly important. 43题详解】 开放性试题。言之有理即可，参考答案可以为：艺术激励我创造性地思考和表达情感。它帮助我以不同的方式看待世界，并通过分享经验将我与他人联系起来。故填Art inspires me to think creatively and express emotions. It helps me see the world differently and connects me with others through shared experiences. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是北大附中学生李华，将参加学校英文演讲比赛，题目是“榜样的力量”。请根据以下提示中校友任晓媛的经历写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 人物简介； 2. 该人物对你的启发。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 标题及开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Name: Ren Xiaoyuan Identity: Environmental Entrepreneur (企业家); Youth Leader Environmental Engagement: Member of Jane Goodall’s Roots & Shoots at 15; Founder of MyH2O (2015): Tech-driven platform dealing with rural (乡村) China’s water safety Awards: ·BBC 100 Women (2019) (BBC全球百大女性) ·UN Young Champions of the Earth (2020) The Power of a Role Model Good morning, everyone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening. 【答案】 The Power of a Role Model Good morning, everyone. Today I’d like to share about Ren Xiaoyuan, our remarkable alumna. As an environmental entrepreneur, she joined Roots Shoots at 15 and later founded MyH2O in 2015, using technology to solve rural China’s water safety issues. Her outstanding work earned her honors like BBC 100 Women and UN Young Champion of the Earth. Ren inspires me deeply. She proves that young people can make real changes through passion and innovation. Her story teaches me that age is no barrier to creating impact. When facing challenges, I remember her perseverance and feel motivated to contribute to society in my own way. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华身份，围绕任晓媛经历写“榜样的力量”演讲稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 非凡的：remarkable → outstanding 建立：found → establish 解决：solve → resolve 激励：inspire → motivate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Today I’d like to share about Ren Xiaoyuan, our remarkable alumna. 拓展句：Today, I want to talk about Ren Xiaoyuan, who is our outstanding alumna. 【点睛】【高分句型1】She proves that young people can make real changes through passion and innovation.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】When facing challenges, I remember her perseverance and feel motivated to contribute to society in my own way.(运用了When引导的时间状语从句的省略) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北大附中2024-2025学年第二学期期中考试 高一英语 2025. 4. Class______________ Name______________ Score______________ 注意事项 1. 考试时间：90分钟。满分：100分。 2. 所有试题答案必须写在答题纸的规定位置，超出范围无效。 3. 使用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔答题，不得使用铅笔答题。不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。 4. 考试结束后，只提交答题纸，试卷自己留存。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 When Nancy Beiman was 65 and retired from her job as a professor of animation (动画), she had no ____1____ as to how she would fill her days. “Many people have an artistic hobby. But what was I, a ____2____ artist, supposed to do? Take up accounting?” But one morning when she woke up, she ____3____ the idea for a comic strip (连环画). For this new idea, Beiman decided to sketch characters on paper, then ____4____ the drawings with a brush pen and paints. She started doodling (涂鸦) a cat from a previous film, alongside two dogs and a little girl. The ____5____ was FurBabies, a series about a family of dogs, a cat and a child. Beiman had not planned on ____6____ the idea until she showed the characters to a friend, the cartoonist Lynn Johnston. Seeing the drawings, Johnston said, “You’ve got something here.” And then she gave Beiman lessons on how to develop little scripts. ____7____, as an animator, Beiman was no stranger to work with larger-than-life characters. Even so, she says the switch from animation to comics wasn’t as ____8____ as it sounds. But she enjoyed the challenge. Following her friend’s tutoring, she wrote 24 mini-scripts and later, she submitted them to a famous comic website. “I was extremely surprised to get ____9____ on first submission.” Beiman reflects on her experience of creating a comic strip saying, “Retirement doesn’t mean the end of creativity. It’s never too late to try something new and ____10____ yourself.” 1. A. choice B. clue C. ambition D. task 2. A. professional B. serious C. popular D. lucky 3. A. got over with B. looked up to C. took care of D. came up with 4. A. coloured B. outlined C. restored D. reviewed 5 A. aim B. result C. effort D. solution 6. A. changing B. accepting C. recommending D. continuing 7. A. Obviously B. Eventually C. Surprisingly D. Accidentally 8. A. interesting B. awkward C. smooth D. demanding 9. A. commented B. invited C. signed D. assisted 10. A. cure B. comfort C. judge D. challenge 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 After buying a lottery and winning a sum of $675,000, Lapierre quit her nursing job and ____11____ (dedicate) her life to helping others through her passion project, Le Book Humanitaire. The deeds were just small acts of kindness-buying clothes for a family of ____12____ (new) arrived immigrants or giving medical attention to someone living on the streets — that anyone else might have done. But word started spreading, her phone began ringing and a Facebook page ____13____ she created for the project became an efficient way to receive requests from those in need and those who wanted to help. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nature has been scientifically shown to benefit human health and well-being. This type of therapy (治疗), ____14____ (call) ecotherapy, includes various activities in nature that can improve health. For example, a study found that going on an adventure alone ____15____ the wild can help develop different skills, increase environmental awareness and create a sense of freedom. Research has also shown that taking cold baths can improve circulation and release feel-good ____16____ (chemical) in the brain. Exposure to the sea, sun, woods and gardening can also help people feel better. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Chinese architect Liu Jiakun was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize, becoming the second winner from China ____17____ (receive) the highest honor in the field of architecture. Over four decades, he ____18____ (build) a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully designed museums to large commercial buildings. Besides, he has developed a strategy that ____19____ (rely) on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are ____20____ we strive for, according to the architect. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Best Washington, D. C. Museums Washington, D.C. has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History There is something for everyone at this world-famous museum. It houses so many artifacts (手工艺品) that you can’t possibly see them all in one visit. The dinosaur exhibits are fascinating and great for kids. Then there’s amazing scenery in the IMAX films. Visiting Tip: If you are visiting with kids, be sure to have a shot at hands-on activities. Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens Located outside of the city, the home of George Washington is often missed. The estate is the most scenic tourist attraction in the Washington, D.C. area. The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life. Visiting Tip: Visit the Mansion first as it is usually the most crowded. U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum The museum is a memorial to the millions of victims who died during World War II. The exhibits tell the horrific story of genocide and teach the dangers of hatred and prejudice. Visiting this museum is an emotional experience. The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18. Visiting Tip: Timed passes are distributed for the same day on a first-come, first-served basis. 21. What can visitors gain by visiting Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens? A. A feast of ancient architectural art. B. A review of American history. C. A knowledge of real estate development. D. An insight into George Washington’s life. 22. Which museum is unsuitable for kids? A. None of the museums. B. Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens. C. U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. D. National Museum of Natural History. 23. Where is this passage probably taken from? A. A travel journal. B. A shopping guide. C. A sports magazine. D. An architecture report. B A voice reaches us from silence: “I am alive, I can think, and no one has the right to deny me these two realities.” The words were conveyed by a flicker (跳动) of the left eyelid. It came from a book, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, by a former journalist. Jean Dominique Bauby. He worked for journals like the Quotidien de Paris and Paris Match. For four years until December 1995, he was the very successful chief editor of Elle. Then the unthinkable happened. A cardiovascular (心血管的) accident sent him into a deep coma (昏迷). His brain remained undamaged, but its connection to his body left him with only the ability to blink (眨眼) his left eyelid. The poor man was found to be suffering from the rare disease “Locked-in Syndrome”, unable to breathe or eat without assistance. In this body, however, his brain was working wildly, trying to make people understand what he was thinking. Assisted by nurse Claude Mendibil, he was able to write his book, using only his ability to blink at the most frequently used letters. Blink. Pause. Blink again. 200,000 times, he spelled out his book — 100 pages born from the silence of his body. In it, Bauby describes his paralyzed (瘫痪的) existence as being trapped in an old-fashioned deep-sea diving bell while the “butterflies” of his mind fly freely. One would expect from this process formal factual report, but that is not the case. The book reads in flowing images that light up his dilemma. The style is clear and fresh, and not without elegance, imagination and humor. He is also in search of past time, of memory itself, of the books he had read, the poems he had learnt by heart. Even sadder, he thinks of all the books he wanted to read and hadn’t gotten to. He has to listen to someone else reading them to him. He recalls meals, a horse race, his life and work as an editor, and his struggle in his hospital bed to twitch (抽动) his nose when a fly lands on it. “From this hell comes a great message of life and hope,” said Antoine Audouard, a friend of Bauby’s and the book’s publisher. 24. What can we know about Jean Dominique Bauby from the passage? A. He used to be a journalist and an editor. B. He continued to run magazines from his hospital bed. C. He suffered brain damage due to Locked-in Syndrome. D. He passed away shortly after his cardiovascular accident. 25. What do paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly talk about? A. How Bauby was able to write his book. B. What Bauby’s life was like after he had been paralyzed. C. What The Diving Bell and the Butterfly is mainly about. D. Why Bauby named his book The Diving Bell and the Butterfly. 26. What can we know about the book The Diving Bell and the Butterfly from the text? A. It is written in a formal and serious style. B. It describes Bauby’s paralyzed existence vividly. C. It prioritizes detailed accounts of his daily routines. D. It makes readers understand Locked-in Syndrome easily 27. Which of the following words can best describe Bauby? A. Strong-willed and creative. B. Open-minded and adaptable. C. Bad-tempered and stubborn. D. Generous and compassionate. C A recent groundbreaking study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive financial damages due to climate change, projecting annual damages of about $38 trillion by the year 2050. This figure highlights the severe economic challenges that lie ahead on a global scale, with the greatest impacts expected to burden the countries least responsible for greenhouse emissions. The economic damage primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施). The study also notes potential increases in costs due to more frequent and severe weather events, which are expected to become more common as global temperatures rise. The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity: nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climate justice issue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts. Anders Levermann, head of complexity science at PIK and co-author of the study, emphasized the inequity and urgency of the situation. “Countries in the tropics will suffer the most because they are already warmer. Further temperature increases will therefore be most harmful there,” he explained. Levermann argues for a rapid structural shift towards renewable energy to ease these impacts and stabilize global temperatures. When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh predictions. Previous studies have similarly highlighted the economic damages of climate change but lacked the extensive regional and specific insights this study provides. The study strongly advocates for great and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the worst of these economic damages. It suggests that slowing climate change is not only a moral and environmental must but also economically advantageous, as the cost of inaction is far greater than the expenses associated with reducing global warming to manageable levels. The socioeconomic consequences of such extensive economic losses could lead to heightened global inequality and potentially, social unrest (动荡). This prediction stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change. 28. Climate change will cause massive economic damage worldwide mainly because ________. A. the average world temperature will increase much faster than expected B. tropical regions are not ready for the damages caused by climate change C. poor countries will experience economic crises due to severe weather events D. higher temperatures will affect farming, workforce efficiency and infrastructure 29. By “a disconcerting disparity” in paragraph 3, the author means ________. A. lower-emission tropical nations will suffer more in economy B. higher-emission countries are trying to play their role in climate impacts C. people in tropical countries will carn 60% less than those in rich countries D. higher-income countries are unwilling to invest in slowing global warming 30. The PIK study is notable due to ________. A. its strict climate impact forecasts B. its different approach to analyzing data C. its overall statistics and severe forecasts D. its similar regional insights with previous studies 31. What does the PIK study imply? A. More expenses should be invested in keeping climate change manageable. B. Reducing gas emissions will benefit the environment but harm the economy. C. Inequality should be reduced through cooperation in fighting climate change. D. The extensive economic losses have caused global inequality and social unrest. D Over the last 25 years, perhaps one of the most disappointing changes in newspapers has been the unavoidable decline in the range and seriousness of their arts coverage. For most young readers, it’s hard to believe that there was a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. In the 20th century, a large number of the most significant collections of criticism included many art reviews (评论). Today, when we read them, we may be amazed that those great reviews were once considered suitable for publication in everyday newspapers. We are even farther removed from the newspaper reviews published between 1900 and World War II, at a time when newsprint was extremely cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered a decoration for the publications. A long time ago, the critics of major papers were expected to write deeply and fully about the events they covered. These men believed in journalism as a responsibility and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to succeed in journalism,” Ernest Newman, a noted British music critic, once wrote. Unfortunately, these critics are almost forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known only as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. However, only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music criticism is unknown except to professionals. It seems unlikely that Cardus’s criticism will experience a revival (复兴). Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered (词藻华丽) Victorian prose in which he specialized. Although the golden age of arts criticism may have passed, its legacy continues to inspire a deeper appreciation for the role of the arts in our daily lives. 32. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Newspapers with more arts coverage sold well. B. There were more art reviews in newspapers in the past. C. The criticism published in the 20th century lacked great contents. D. Arts criticism was a major part of newspapers in the early 20th century. 33. Why is Cardus’s criticism no longer popular? A. Because his works are no longer professional. B. Because people doubt his reputation as a knight. C Because his writing style fails to suit modern tastes. D. Because he mainly writes essays on the game of cricket. 34. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. The Lost Horizon in Newspapers B. The Shortage of Literary Geniuses C. The Renowned Critics in Memory D. The Newspapers of the Good Old Days 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ____35____ This power often leads us to think too highly of its creators. We admire artists for their creativity, often seeing their works as reflections of themselves. But what happens when we find out that an artist has done something wrong? For example, if we learn that Picasso mistreated women, Enid Blyton held racist views, or Charlie Chaplin harmed minors, does their art lose its value? ____36____. On one hand, it’s hard to separate the art from the artist. Supporting their work might feel like supporting their bad behavior, especially when they earn money from it. In today’s world, every click and purchase is noticed. ____37____ On the other hand, art often goes beyond its creator. ____38____. An artwork carries cultural and historical importance, and throwing it away risks losing part of our shared history. Also, art is deeply personal — its meaning is shaped by the audience, not just the artist. By focusing on the art itself, we can appreciate its ability to uplift, entertain, and inspire, no matter the creator’s flaws. In the end, while artists should be held responsible for their actions, their work should be judged on its own. For art, once released, no longer belongs solely to its creator. ____39____. As long as it does this it deserves its place in history, separate from the mistakes of its creator. A. As T.S. Eliot said, a work of art stands on its own. B. Different people’s opinions towards an artist can be quite varied. C. Consuming their art can send a message that talent excuses bad actions. D. Art is important for human life, offering escape, inspiration, and connection. E. Art serves a bigger purpose: to connect, empower, and reflect human experiences. F. Understanding the time period of an artist helps us accept their flaws without excusing them. G. This problem makes us consider the complicated relationship between an artist and their work. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Early art shows that humans have long possessed the ability to imagine and create. Not all species had this skill, though. Neanderthals (尼安德特人), our main competitors, were bigger and stronger, yet left behind few advanced tools or objects. Some believe this reflects their limited imagination. In contrast, Homo sapiens (智人) had more complex and creative thinking, which may explain our dominance (主宰) in the world. A clear sign of this is our art, which not only shows imagination but also fosters it. Art pushes us to think in new and deeper ways. It is not just about beauty or fun. Great art is, by definition, complex, and it expects work from us when we engage with it. Great works carry with them so many messages and meanings, which survive for centuries. Moreover, the appreciation of art brings us together — when we go to museums, openings, concerts, movies, or to the ballet or theater. And we argue, and sometimes we fight, but we certainly don’t start a war over artistic expression — art is the most important vehicle by which we come to understand one another. Yet, in the modem world, we often prioritize (优先考虑) reason and science, leaving art and imagination at the edges of our lives. The value of art is increasingly seen as secondary, something easily overlooked, even discarded, in favor of more “practical” pursuits. While the rise of technology has been nothing short of remarkable — connecting us, informing us, and entertaining us, it cannot match the emotional depth, creativity, and ethical judgment humans possess. Who knows what the future will bring? If we Homo sapiens are challenged again it will not be by the Neanderthal — nor by any other species — but by the machines we invented ourselves. Winning that battle can’t be done without firing up the most important engines we possess: culture and creativity, because reason is born out of our cultural experiences. Works of art carry with them the wisdom of the world. 40. Why could Homo sapiens dominate the world? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What qualities make humans different from technology? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.  Art is the most important vehicle by which we come to understand one another, the value of which is increasingly seen as important. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What role does art play in your life? Explain it. (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是北大附中学生李华，将参加学校英文演讲比赛，题目是“榜样的力量”。请根据以下提示中校友任晓媛的经历写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 人物简介； 2. 该人物对你的启发。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 标题及开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Name: Ren Xiaoyuan Identity: Environmental Entrepreneur (企业家); Youth Leader Environmental Engagement: Member of Jane Goodall’s Roots & Shoots at 15; Founder of MyH2O (2015): Tech-driven platform dealing with rural (乡村) China’s water safety Awards: ·BBC 100 Women (2019) (BBC全球百大女性) ·UN Young Champions of the Earth (2020) The Power of a Role Model Good morning, everyone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$