10 亨利杰基尔的自白-双语名著无障碍阅读丛书——《化身博士The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde》

Henry Jekyll's Full Statement of the Case I was born in the year 18-to a large fortune,endowed besides with excellent parts,inclined by nature to industry,fond of the respect of the wise and good among my fellowmen,and thus,as might have been supposed,with every guarantee of an honourable and distinguished future.And indeed the worst of my faults was a certain impatient gaiety of disposition,such as has made the happiness of many,but such as I found it hard to reconcile with my imperious desire to carry my head high,and wear a more than commonly grave countenance before the public.Hence it came about that I concealed my pleasures;and that when I reached years of reflection,and began to look round me and take stock of my progress and position in the world,I stood already committed to a profound duplicity of life.Many a man would have even blazoned such irregularities as I was guilty of;but from the high views that I had set before me,I regarded and hid them with an almost morbid sense of shame.It was thus rather the exacting nature of my aspirations than any particular degradation in my faults,that made me what I was,and,with even a deeper trench than in the majority of men,severed in me those provinces of ·122· 亨利·杰基尔的自白 ①endow[in'daug天生具 我出生于一八××年，生来就拥有一大笔财产， 有 更为幸运的是，上天还赐予了我健壮的体魄和勤劳肯干 的天性，加之我又上进心极强，十分看重来自别人的尊 重，尤其是身边那些聪慧而又善良的人。因此，大家自 ②disposition【,dispo'zan 然都认为，我将来一定会有一个声名显赫的锦绣前程。 性情 的确，我这个人没有什么大的缺点，最坏的缺点就是我 ③reconcile with使与 那有点急躁的、喜欢寻欢作乐的性情。这种性格虽然也 一致 让很多人得到了幸福，但我发现这样的性格却与我的一 些欲望无法调和。我内心深处一直强烈希望自己能够昂 首挺胸，以一种儒雅、庄重的姿态出现在公众面前。所 以，我就变成了你们所看到的我，隐藏了自己寻欢作乐 duplicity [dju:'plisati]n. 的欲望。等我长大到能够独立思考的年龄，开始观察周 双重性 围这个世界，估量自己的个人发展和社会地位时，我这 ⑤morbid[mo:bida.病态 才发现，自己的生活“表里不一”，我已经深陷于双重 的 人格之中。因为我性格孤高自傲，在别人看来寻常甚至 值得吹嘘的事情，在我看来都是不合规的。我会因为自 己寻欢作乐一不小心做了这些事情而感到无比内疚，于 是，我又会带着一种病态的羞耻感将这些事竭力掩饰。 我之所以成为这样一个人，与其说是由于我在缺点中不 断堕落，还不如说是因为我志向过于狂妄。除此以外， 在我们每一个人身上，善与恶独立存在，又能彼此共存， ·123· Henry JekylI's Full Statement of the Case good and ill which divide and compound man's dual nature.In this case,I was driven to reflect deeply and inveterately on that hard law of life,which lies at the root of religion and is one of the most plentiful springs of distress.Though so profound a double-dealer,I was in no sense a hypocrite;both sides of me were in dead earnest;I was no more myself when I laid aside restraint and plunged in shame,than when I laboured,in the eye of day,at the furtherance of knowledge or the relief of sorrow and suffering.And it chanced that the direction of my scientific studies,which led wholly towards the mystic and the transcendental,reacted and shed a strong light on this consciousness of the perennial war among my members.With every day,and from both sides of my intelligence,the moral and the intellectual,I thus drew steadily nearer to that truth,by whose partial discovery I have been doomed to such a dreadful shipwreck:that man is not truly one,but truly two.I say two,because the state of my own knowledge does not pass beyond that point.Others will follow, others will outstrip me on the same lines;and I hazard the guess that man will be ultimately known for a mere polity of multifarious,incongruous and independent denizens.I,for my part,from the nature of my life,advanced infallibly in one direction and in one direction only.It was on the moral side, and in my own person,that I learned to recognise the thorough and primitive duality of man;I saw that,of the two natures that contended in the field of my consciousness,even if I could rightly be said to be either,it was only because I was radically both;and from an early date,even before the course of my scientific discoveries had begun to suggest the most naked possibility of such a miracle,I had learned to dwell with pleasure,as a beloved daydream,on the ·124· 亨利·杰基尔的自白 所以形成了人性的双重特性。但是，与绝大多数人相比， Dinveterately [in'vetarotli] 我内心普与恶之间的鸿沟要深得多，二者的调和共存非 ad.根深蒂固地 常困难。在这种情况下，我被迫去更加深刻地思考人生 的严酷法则，这法则是宗教的根源，也是一切痛苦的主 要根源。渐渐地，我甚至对这种思考上瘾了。我成了一 2 furtherance ['fa:6orans] 个两面派，而且已深陷其中，不能自拔，但我绝对不是 n.推动 一个伪善的人。不论作为哪一个我，我都非常认真地生 活。当我抛开一切约束，一头扎进可耻的寻欢作乐中时， ③transcendental 我已不再是我自己。同样，当我整天里勤奋工作，致力 [.traensen'dentol]a.抽象 于促进科学知识的发展，以及减轻人们的悲伤和痛苦 的：玄奥的 时，我也不完全是真正的自己。碰巧，我的科学研究方 perennial [pa'renial]a. 向又全都集中于神秘学和超自然学，这不仅促使我的两 长期的 个自我之间展开了常年不停的论战，还为他们的论战提 ⑤dreadful[dredful]a.令 人惊骇的 供了很多资料和依据。每天，随着研究的不断深入，我 的悟性的两个方面，即道德的一面和智力的一面都逐渐 接近了那个真理一人事实上并非单一的个体，而是双 重个体的组合。我说双重，因为我目前的研究成果只能 ⑥multifarious 证明是双重，无法说明是更多个体的组合。我相信后人 [mAlti'feorias】a.多部分 的 会继续我的研究，并且在这一个问题上超越我的成果。 ⑦incongruous 我大胆预测，终有一天这一推论将被证实一人只不过 [in'kongruas]a.不和谐 是由一个个由多种成分构成的、自相矛盾而又独立存在 的 的个体组成的聚合体。但是，由于我对以上真理只认识 了一部分，我注定要走向毁灭的悲惨结局。对我来说， 8 radically ['radikali] 由于本性如此，我毫不犹豫选择了朝着其中一个方向前 ad.(从)根本上 进，有且只有一个方向。我从自己道德的一面以及亲身 体验中，开始学会认识人的两面性，这种两面性与生俱 来，而且在我身上体现得是那么淋漓尽致。我发现，我 的两种天性在潜意识里不停搏斗。你可以说我是其中任 何一个，因为从根本上来说，我就是二者的合体。因此， 从很早的时候起，甚至当我的科学研究在这一奇迹的探 索中还未取得一丁点有价值的成果时，我就开始认真思 考如何将体内这两个截然不同的自我分离开来，让他们 各自过自己喜欢的生活。我对这种思考非常陶醉，像醉 ·125· Henry JekylI's Full Statement of the Case thought of the separation of these elements.If each,I told myself,could be housed in separate identities,life would be relieved of all that was unbearable; the unjust might go his way,delivered from the aspirations and remorse of his more upright twin;and the just could walk steadfastly and securely on his upward path,doing the good things in which he found his pleasure,and no longer exposed to disgrace and penitence by the hands of this extraneous evil.It was the curse of mankind that these incongruous faggots were thus bound together-that in the agonised womb of consciousness,these polar twins should be continuously struggling.How,then were they dissociated? I was so far in my reflections when,as I have said,a side light began to shine upon the subject from the laboratory table.I began to perceive more deeply than it has ever yet been stated,the trembling immateriality,the mistlike transience,of this seemingly so solid body in which we walk attired. Certain agents I found to have the power to shake and pluck back that fleshly vestment,even as a wind might toss the curtains of a pavilion.For two good reasons,I will not enter deeply into this scientific branch of my confession. First,because I have been made to learn that the doom and burthen of our life is bound for ever on man's shoulders,and when the attempt is made to cast it off,it but returns upon us with more unfamiliar and more awful pressure. Second,because,as my narrative will make,alas!too evident,my discoveries were incomplete.Enough then,that I not only recognised my natural body from the mere aura and effulgence of certain of the powers that made up my spirit, but managed to compound a drug by which these powers should be dethroned from their supremacy,and a second form and countenance substituted,none the less natural to me because they were the expression,and bore the stamp of lower elements in my soul. ·126· 亨利·杰基尔的自白 心于做白日梦一样。我告诉自己，如果每一个自我可以 被放入不同的个体之中，那么生活就可以从那些不可承 Daspiration Lespa'reifan] 受的桎梏中解放出来。那恶的自我就可以脱离他那满怀 n志向，抱负 抱负、正直善良的孪生兄弟而自行其是，后者也不再会 因为前者的种种恶行感到耻辱、悔恨、自责，因为如此 一来，这些都与他毫不相干，他仍然可以无忧无虑、毫 2 extraneous [ek'streinjos] a.外来的 不动摇地在自己不断上升的道路上迈步前进，从自己所 ③faggot[faegot]n.捆，束 做的各种善事中收获快乐与满足。其实，将这俩步调压 ④agonised[eg,naizd]a. 根就不一致甚至相反的家伙硬生生地捆在一起，简直就 挣扎的，烦恼的 是人类的祸根一在良心这苦闷的子宫里，这俩性格完 全相反的孪生兄弟整日里在不停地搏斗。那么，既然如 此，怎样才能将他们分开呢？ ⑤immateriality 至此，对于这个问题，我还仅仅处在想一想的阶段。 [imo,tiari'eltn.无形 然而突然有一天，我前面已经说过，我实验桌上得出的 物 结论从侧面为我提供了一些线索。我开始比以往任何时 6 transience ['traenzions]n. 短暂，顷刻 候都更加深入地思考这个问题。我发现，我们穿着衣服 vestment ['vestmant]n. 走来走去的、外表看似非常结实的身体，其实像云雾一 衣服 样缥缈无常，带有一种摇摆不定的无形性。而且我发现， 一些特定的药剂是能够震撼、甚至扯掉这肉体的外衣 的，就像风能吹动亭子里的帷幕一样。由于以下两点原 因，在这忏悔书里，我将不再继续阐述我的科学研究过 程以及成果。首先，我已被迫认识到，我们人类命里注 定的劫数和负担将永远束缚着我们，如果你试图摆脱， 那只有一个结果，它将重新落回到你的身上，但压力远 ⑧effulgence[i'fAldsans]n. 光辉，灿烂 比之前更大、更可怕。其次，我的科学发现并不完善。 唉！接下来我将说明这一点。我只想说：一方面，我仅 通过构成心灵的部分力量所散发出的光环及光辉，得出 了对我自然身体的片面认识。另一方面，我尝试配置了 一种药剂，试图用它将这部分力量从那高高在上的神坛 位置上废黜下来，让我以另一种形式、另一种外表替代 出现。这种新的形体对我来说其实一样自然，因为那只 是我心灵组成中一些低级成分的表现形式，只不过带着 这些成分的烙印罢了。 ·127· Henry Jefyll's Full Statement of the Case I hesitated long before I put this theory to the test of practice.I knew well that I risked death;for any drug that so potently controlled and shook the very fortress of identity,might,by the least scruple of an overdose or at the least inopportunity in the moment of exhibition,utterly blot out that immaterial tabernacle which I looked to it to change.But the temptation of a discovery so singular and profound at last overcame the suggestions of alarm. I had long since prepared my tincture;I purchased at once,from a firm of wholesale chemists,a large quantity of a particular salt which I knew,from my experiments,to be the last ingredient required;and late one accursed night,I compounded the elements,watched them boil and smoke together in the glass, and when the ebullition had subsided,with a strong glow of courage,drank off the potion. The most racking pangs succeeded:a grinding in the bones,deadly nausea, and a horror of the spirit that cannot be exceeded at the hour of birth or death. Then these agonies began swiftly to subside,and I came to myself as if out of a great sickness.There was something strange in my sensations,something indescribably new and,from its very novelty,incredibly sweet.I felt younger, lighter,happier in body;within I was conscious of a heady recklessness,a current of disordered sensual images running like a millrace in my fancy,a solution of the bonds of obligation,an unknown but not an innocent freedom of the soul.I knew myself,at the first breath of this new life,to be more wicked, tenfold more wicked,sold a slave to my original evil;and the thought,in that moment,braced and delighted me like wine.I stretched out my hands,exulting in the freshness of these sensations;and in the act,I was suddenly aware that I had lost in stature. There was no mirror,at that date,in my room;that which stands beside me as I write,was brought there later on and for the very purpose of these transformations.The night however,was far gone into the morning-the morning,black as it was,was nearly ripe for the conception of the day-the inmates of my house were locked in the most rigorous hours of slumber;and I ·128· 亨利·杰基尔的自白 在将这种理论付诸实践之前，我犹豫了很久。我清 ①potently[poutontli]ad. 楚地知道，这么做是在拿生命冒险。因为一种药剂，如 强有力地 果药效强大到能够控制或者震动整个人本体的堡垒，那 么使用稍有过量或者选择使用的时机稍有偏差，就会将 我想要改变的烟雾一般的躯壳彻底毁掉。但是，科学发 2 tabernacle ['taebanakl]n. 现的诱惑力是如此奇特而又强大，最终，我克服了内心 神龛 的恐惧。此后，我花了很长一段时间配置这种药剂，我 从一家化学药剂批发商号一次性购买了很大数量的一种 盐类，因为通过长时间反复实验，我发现这种盐是我的 药剂最后需要加入的成分。终于，在一个被诅咒的夜晚， 我将各种成分混合起来，看着它们在杯子里反应、沸腾、 冒烟。沸腾停止之后，我鼓足勇气，将药剂一口喝了下去。 紧接着我感到一阵剧烈的、难以忍受的痛楚：骨头缝 里都在疼，胃里恶心得要命，精神上极度恐惧，犹如面临 ③pang [pan]n.一阵剧痛 诞生或死亡时那种遭遇。不一会儿，这些痛苦迅速消失了。 我清醒过来，犹如大病初愈一般。我感受到一种奇怪的、 无法描述的新奇感。在这异常的新奇感中，我体会到了令 人难以置信的愉悦。我感觉自己变年轻了，身体轻快了许 多，精神上也更加愉悦。我大脑极度兴奋，有一种不顾一 ④heady[hcda.鲁莽的， 轻率的 切的冲动感，混乱的感觉像一股激流在我的幻想中乱冲乱 ⑤millrace[milreis]n.磨 撞，一切义务的束缚感都消失了，灵魂得到了解脱，那是 坊水车动力水流 一种从未体验过的自由，但这种自由并非纯洁无邪。我成 了一个新的生命，但当我第一次呼吸时，我就知道自己已 ⑥tenfold[tenfould]a.十 经变得无比邪恶，十倍的邪恶。我把自己变身为奴，卖给 倍的 了本性中那与生俱来的邪恶。在当时那个时刻，这种想法 犹如烈酒一样让我振奋、令我欢喜。我张开双臂，在这无 比的新鲜感中欣喜若狂。但是这一动，让我马上意识到自 己的体格比之前矮小了很多。 当时，夜很深了，可能已经到了第二天凌晨一黎 明前纵然黑暗，但拂晓即将来临。此时，我楼里住的其 他人正在酣睡，但实验的成功以及对未来的种种希望让 ⑦inmate['inmeit]n.[古 我兴奋得满脸通红，我决定冒险一下，让这个全新的自 语]同住（一屋）者 我以新的形象走到我的卧室去。我穿过院子，暴露在群 ·129· Henry JekylI's Full Statement of the Case determined,flushed as I was with hope and triumph,to venture in my new shape as far as to my bedroom.I crossed the yard,wherein the constellations looked down upon me,I could have thought,with wonder,the first creature of that sort that their unsleeping vigilance had yet disclosed to them;I stole through the corridors,a stranger in my own house;and coming to my room,I saw for the first time the appearance of Edward Hyde. I must here speak by theory alone,saying not that which I know,but that which I suppose to be most probable.The evil side of my nature,to which I had now transferred the stamping efficacy③，was less robust④and less developed than the good which I had just deposed.Again,in the course of my life,which had been,after all,nine tenths a life of effort,virtue and control,it had been much less exercised and much less exhausted.And hence,as I think, it came about that Edward Hyde was so much smaller,slighter and younger than Henry Jekyll.Even as good shone upon the countenance of the one,evil was written broadly and plainly on the face of the other.Evil besides (which I must still believe to be the lethal side of man)had left on that body an imprint of deformity and decay.And yet when I looked upon that ugly idol in the glass, I was conscious of no repugnance,rather of a leap of welcome.This,too,was myself.It seemed natural and human.In my eyes it bore a livelier image of the spirit,it seemed more express and single,than the imperfect and divided countenance I had been hitherto accustomed to call mine.And in so far I was doubtless right.I have observed that when I wore the semblance of Edward Hyde,none could come near to me at first without a visible misgiving of the flesh.This,as I take it,was because all human beings,as we meet them,are commingled out of good and evil:and Edward Hyde,alone in the ranks of mankind,was pure evil. I lingered but a moment at the mirror:the second and conclusive ·130· 亨利·杰基尔的自白 星的注视下。想到自己是这长夜不眠的星星见到的第一 ①constellation 个该类生物，我突然有点惊愕。我偷偷摸摸地穿过走廊， [konsto'leifon]n.星宿 成了自己家里的陌生人。我走进卧室，第一次看到了爱 星象 德华·海德的样貌。那个时候，我的工作室里还没有镜 2 vigilance ['vidsilans]n. 子。但此时，当我正在书写自己的罪恶时，我的身旁就 警戒：警惕性 立着一面大镜子，这是我后来专门为变形购置的。 在此，我只想从理论的角度出发，谈谈我所设想的 最大的可能性，而不是罗列我已知的科学事实。刚刚， 我已经把自己的身体全部转移给了本性中恶的自我，我 ③efficacy[efikasi]n.功 效；效能 发现，这恶的自我并没有被我废黜的善的自我那么强 ④robust[rau'bAst)a.精力 健，发育也不够完善。需要说明的是，我的一生中，大 充沛的 约百分之九十的时间都在非常勤奋地工作，不断提高道 德修养，自觉加强自我约束。所以说，总体上我是一个 正直善良的人，那恶的自我自然没有太多时间出来锻 炼，更谈不上透支身体。我想，正因为如此，变形后的 爱德华·海德与亨利·杰基尔相比，体格要弱小一些， 身体要轻快一些，看起来也更为年轻。但是，即使亨 利·杰基尔满脸散发着善良的光芒，爱德华·海德那张 脸上却清清楚楚地写着邪恶。不仅如此，邪恶（我仍然 相信它是能够致命的一种品性)还在它寄存的肉体上留 下了畸形、衰退的痕迹。然而，当我看到镜子里那个丑 陋形象时，我却丝毫没有感到厌恶，相反，我非常欢迎 他的到来。爱德华·海德就是我自己。他看上去也很自 (5)hitherto [.hioa'tu:ad. [古语]到此，到这里 然，很通人性。在我看来，他也是精神的外在体现，与 迄今为止我一直习惯称作自我的那个并不完美、有些分 裂的杰基尔相比，他更加富有生机，特点更加明晰，性 ⑥commingle [ko'mingl]v. 格也更加单一纯粹。我以上这些分析毫无疑问是正确的， 使混合，掺和 因为我发现，只要我以爱德华·海德的样貌出现，没有 人能够走近我身旁而不感到心惊肉跳，事实上，他们只 要看清楚我之后第一反应就是如此。之所以会这样，我 认为，是因为我们遇到的所有人都是善和恶的混合体， 而爱德华·海德是人类里唯一一个完全由恶组成的人。 我在镜子前只流连了一小会儿，因为还有第二项， ·131·