2025届吉林省吉林市船营区实验中学高三下学期三模英语试题

答案第 1 页，共 8 页 吉林市实验中学临考冲刺-高三英语 When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 1．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．She is upset by her kids’ weight. B．She is critical of the way she was fed. C．She is interested in making food. D．She is particular about what she eats. 2．Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A．Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B．Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C．Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D．Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 3．What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A．Make diet decisions on their own. B．Share their food with other kids. C．Eat up what is provided for them. D．Help their parents do the dishes. 4．What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A．Costly. B．Complex. C．Workable. D．Contradictory. A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing 第 2 页，共 8 页 fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly (模 块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of “right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s ecology can develop well. Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 5．What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A．Running out of. B．Keeping away from. C．Putting up with. D．Taking advantage of. 6．Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A．To control weeds in large gardens. B．To bring in foreign species of plants. C．To conserve soil and water resources. D．To develop low-maintenance parkland. 7．Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf’s gardens? A．Traditional. B．Odd-looking. C．Tasteful. D．Well-protected. 8．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．The future of gardening is WILD． B．Nature treats all lives as EQUALS. C．Matrix gardens need more CARE. D．Old garden plots work WONDERS. As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities, there’s been a push to make them genderless. “People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. Yet as Martin has found in her work, gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects, particularly 答案第 3 页，共 8 页 those designed with human characteristics. In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.” It was found that gender increased users’ feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices. While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender. Martin’s study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object’s name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it — they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.” Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化) “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.” When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles — a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. 9．What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless? A．To reduce stereotypes. B．To meet public demand. C．To cut production costs. D．To encourage competition. 10．What were the participants probably asked to do in the study? A．Design a product. B．Respond to a survey. C．Work as assistants. D．Take a language test. 11．Why is it difficult to create genderless objects? A．They cannot be mass-produced. B．Naming them is a challenging task. C．People assume they are unreliable. D．Gender is rooted in people’s mind. 12．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The quality of genderless products. B．The upside of gendering a product. C．The meaning of anthropomorphism. D．The stereotypes of men and women. In Baltimore, Our Kids Read, a nonprofit offers three free books to every child who walks into its bookstore. And unlike the library, the books are never expected back. Kids “check out” at the front of the store, but instead of handing over cash, all they have to do is sign up for the nonprofit’s Reading Buddy program, which matches young readers with adults who read with them once or twice a week in 45-minute online meetings to promote literacy (写能力). “Every child should have someone reading to them at night.” said Jahmal Lake, executive director of Our Kids Read. 第 4 页，共 8 页 Lake established Our Kids Read in 2021. But he quickly realized that he needed to do more than just distribute donated books. “1 think that the mistake a lot of nonprofits make, is that they think they can back up a truck full of resources to the communities they want to serve and that they’re doing something.” Lake said. “But if that community is not equipped to make good use of those resources. you might as well have given them a brick.” On the bookshelves and across tables, there are books like “Black Boy Joy” and “Eyes That Kiss in the Corners”, picture books in English and Spanish, poetry collections, and even graphic novels. The range of options plays into Lakes’ vision of turning non-readers into bookworms by directing kids to books on subjects they already love. Research shows kids are more likely to finish and love books they pick out themselves. To promote the Reading Buddy program, Our Kids Read goes into elementary schools. Lake also plans to set up several little free libraries to encourage reading. The Baltimore Community Foundation has given Our Kids Read over $25,000. Vice President of Community Impact Crystal Harden-Lindsey said Our Kids Read is vital to promoting literacy, the foundation for academic success, economic mobility and civic engagement. 13．What is a feature of Our Kids Read bookstore? A．It offers free books to adults and kids. B．It holds reading competitions weekly. C．It engages kids in reading books to adults. D．It requires kids to register for a program. 14．What does Lake think of merely donating books? A．Insufficient. B．Meaningful. C．Motivating. D．Unnecessary. 15．Why does the bookstore offer diverse books? A．To expand kids’ reading range. B．To develop students’ love for books. C．To broaden kids’ visions on book selection. D．To encourage kids’ interest in school subjects. 16．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Bookstore offers kids free books to promote business. B．Charity partners with schools to teach students reading. C．Nonprofit boosts child literacy through multiple measures. D．Program enhances family bond by shared reading activities. If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. 17 And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies 答案第 5 页，共 8 页 to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. 18 The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies. 19 Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. 20 They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know. So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. 21 The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog. A．In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B．They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C．Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D．But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E．However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. F．When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. G．They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. One day last winter, I was walking home from work on a busy city street. I wasn’t looking forward to going home and my 22 weren’t able to hang out with me. That’s when I walked past a(n) 23 person that I hadn’t seen before. He was moving back and forth to stay 24 , and very gently asking for change. He spoke so quietly that I could hardly hear him. Something made me 25 , turn around, and walk up to him. All the while anxious thoughts whirled (回旋) around in my head like, “What do you think you’re doing? You’re 26 ; it’s dark out and you’re a woman.” However, I was still 27 that he hadn’t had dinner. So I asked him if he would like to join me at a nearby 28 . He said he would like to. He walked with me to the restaurant and even 29 the door for me as we entered. He asked for the 30 thing on the menu but I ordered a larger one and 31 that the price difference wasn’t worth worrying about. We had a good dinner and a pleasant 32 about things like where we grew up. The whole time I just 33 to say the right thing and to give him the respect and dignity (尊严) everyone deserves. I didn’t want to 34 like I was better than anybody or out to fix someone. I was 35 for this experience. I might not have met my friends that evening but I met an unexpected 第 6 页，共 8 页 friend and the experience changed my attitude. In the future I will think twice before I 36 about something I think I lack (缺少). 22．A．classmates B．sisters C．friends D．parents 23．A．unusual B．impolite C．lonely D．homeless 24．A．warm B．healthy C．energetic D．calm 25．A．answer B．stop C．escape D．observe 26．A．alone B．nervous C．awake D．tired 27．A．confused B．surprised C．annoyed D．worried 28．A．mall B．restaurant C．hospital D．shop 29．A．opened B．locked C．closed D．broke 30．A．best B．smallest C．commonest D．largest 31．A．introduced B．considered C．explained D．noticed 32．A．meeting B．interview C．conversation D．discussion 33．A．hoped B．agreed C．avoided D．failed 34．A．make up B．come across C．carry out D．turn up 35．A．grateful B．sorry C．anxious D．ready 36．A．hear B．think C．talk D．complain Artemisinin, a transformative compound derived from the sweet wormwood plant, has revolutionized the treatment of malaria. Discovered by Chinese scientist Tu Youyou in the 1970s, artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone 37 (contain)a unique endoperoxide (内过氧化的) bridge, which is crucial for its antimalarial activity. Unlike traditional antimalarial drugs that rely on thermal energy to disrupt parasite function, artemisinin harnesses the power of its endoperoxide bridge to generate reactive oxygen species 38 destroy the malaria parasite. The discovery of artemisinin was inspired by traditional Chinese medicine, 39 sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) had been used for centuries to treat fever. Through a combination of solvent extraction and chromatography (色谱 法), Tu Youyou and her team successfully isolated artemisinin, marking a significant breakthrough in the fight 40 malaria. The compound’s molecular structure, which includes asesquiterpene skeleton (倍半萜骨架) and an endoperoxide group, 41 (confirm) through spectroscopic (光谱) analysis and X-ray crystallography. One of the 42 (remarkable) aspects of artemisinin is its mechanism of action. When activated by heme (血红 素), a byproduct of hemoglobin digestion in malaria parasites, artemisinin generates free radicals that attack and damage the parasite’s cellular structures. This 43 (target) attack disrupts the parasite’s membrane and enzyme systems, ultimately leading to its death. The endoperoxide bridge is essential for this process, as altering this structural feature eliminates artemisinin’s antimalarial activity. 答案第 7 页，共 8 页 The synthesis of artemisinin has been a significant challenge due to its complex molecular structure. Traditional methods involve semi-synthesis, where artemisinic acid, extracted from sweet wormwood, is 44 (chemical) converted into artemisinin. Recent advances in synthetic biology (合成生物学) 45 (enable) the production of artemisinic acid in engineered yeast, significantly reducing production costs and increasing availability. This breakthrough, pioneered by Professor Jay Keasling’s team, has made artemisinin-based therapies more accessible to patients in malaria-endemic regions. Artemisinin’s impact extends beyond malaria treatment. Research has shown that it exhibits anticancer properties, particularly against certain types of cancer cells. The compound’s ability to generate reactive oxygen species makes it effective in damaging cancer cell membranes and inhibiting tumor growth. Additionally, artemisinin derivatives 46 (explore) for their potential in treating autoimmune diseases such assystemic lupus erythematosus (系统性红斑狼疮), offering new avenues for therapeutic development. Despite its remarkable success, challenges remain in the large-scale application of artemisinin. The emergence of drug-resistant malaria strains threatens the long-term effectiveness of artemisinin-based therapies. Ongoing research focuses on developing new derivatives and combination therapies to overcome resistance and ensure the continued efficacy of this life-saving compound. 第一节 47．为庆祝五四青年节，你校举办了一次以“弘扬五四精神”为主题的演讲比赛。请你给校英语报写一篇短文报道该 活动，内容包括： 1．比赛介绍； 2．获奖情况； 3．赛后反响。 注意： 1．写作词数应为 80 个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Celebrating the May Fourth Spirit ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 48．阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I left the office for a news assignment that early summer evening, I had absolutely no idea what life held in store for me. As a young photographer, I was on my way back from a photo shoot. I had shot rolls of films featuring beautiful 第 8 页，共 8 页 scenery and scenes of daily life in the countryside. What a fulfilling day! Now what I needed was a hot bath and a good rest. I couldn’t wait to return home. On the country road, with my camera bag containing my equipment and a phonebook on my back, I rode my motorbike so merrily that all the tiredness disappeared instantly. Suddenly, a big rock hit me from nowhere. All I knew was I was no longer on my motorbike. I was thrown away from my bike and hit the road. Before I lost consciousness, I saw all my things scattered (分散的), my helmet (头盔) lying at a distance. Hours, maybe days later, I ward after 7 days in the ICU. The crash was so severe that my head had been injured seriously, leading to other terrible conditions. Although I survived, there were a series of surgeries needed before I could fully recover - a reconstruction of the knees, “my broken right wrist to be fixed and an operation on my nose. I had no relatives in Delhi as I lived alone. After my accident, some warm-hearted strangers donated blood and resources to help me survive, which made me really touched. But every time I tried to piece together that horrible Tuesday, I felt like there remained some missing puzzles. Who discovered and saved me? How was I sent to the hospital? Where can I find my hero? Such questions bothered me until one day Amy, who was the first to learn of my accident came to see me when visits were allowed. 注意： 1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: In the ward, she told me what happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I dialed the couple’ number immediately, hoping to thank them in person. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________