专题18 句子成分和基本句型-2025年中考英语【命题趋向+考点探究+素养提升】专练（江苏专用）

专题18 句子成分和基本句型 目录 第一部分：命题趋向(思维导图+中考命题趋向分析+重点掌握) 第二部分：考点探究(知识点罗列+3年真题演练) 第三部分：素养提升(单项选择+ 完形填空) 1. 思维导图 2. 趋向分析 在2025年的中考中，“句子的基本成分和基本句型”在 2025年的中考中，这一部分内容的命题趋势可能会侧重考查在单项选择和完成句子。 考点一、句子基本成分 1. 主语 　　主语是句子所谈论的主体, 表明句子说的是谁或是什么。它一般放在谓语之前, 通常由名词(名词短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句等担任。 The apple is red. 苹果是红色的。(名词) Seven-tenths of the earth surface is covered with water. 地球表面的十分之七被水覆盖。(数词) He is our teacher. 他是我们的老师。(代词) Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. 回读一本你读过多遍的书, 感觉就像和老朋友一起喝酒一样。(动名词) To harm animals is to harm ourselves. 伤害动物就是伤害我们自己。(动词不定式) What he said is right. 他说的是对的。(主语从句) 2. 谓语 　　谓语是对主语的有关问题加以说明的部分。谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语位于主语之后, 由动词担任。凡是由一个动词或动词词组构成的谓语, 无论处在什么时态、语态、语气下, 都被称为谓语。谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语。 The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. 山脚下的温泉是你爬山之后一定要去尝试的。(简单谓语) Great changes have taken place in China. 中国发生了巨大的变化。(复合谓语) 3. 表语 　　表语是说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的句子成分。它由名词、代词、数词、形容词、动词不定式及短语、副词、介词短语等充当。 It’s easy for you to tell me to keep calm, but you’re not in my position. 你叫我保持冷静当然容易, 那是你没到我这份上。(形容词) The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. 重读的美妙之处在于, 我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的心理状态上的。(过去分词) The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. 夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里竞走, 比马拉松比赛长约5英里。(名词) The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. 大多数演讲的目的都是使听众受益。(不定式) The problem is that no one knows what will happen. 问题是没人知道将会发生什么。(表语从句) 4. 宾语 　　宾语是及物动词所表示的动作的对象, 或是介词所表示的某种联系的对象。宾语放在及物动词的后面。宾语一般由名词、代词、数词、非谓语动词及短语或名词性从句等充当。 Recent studies have found positive effects. 最近的研究发现了积极的影响。(名词) Why do you follow them? 你为什么要跟随他们? (代词) Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. 自我们的双胞胎开始学走路以来, 我和妻子一直告诉他们, 我们家的滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗户。(动名词) 5. 宾语补足语 　　有些及物动词带了宾语后意义仍不够完整, 还需要加上宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的行为、状态、身份或特征等。宾语补足语通常放在宾语之后, 一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词及短语等充当。 Now, I see my children taking their children to the library. 现在, 我看到我的孩子带着他们的孩子去图书馆。(现在分词) He has proved himself an experienced teacher. 他已经证明自己是一名经验丰富的教师。(名词短语) You will find her humorous and easy to get along with. 你会发现她幽默, 且容易相处。(形容词) I can invite my friends to eat doughnuts. 我可以邀请我的朋友们吃甜甜圈。(动词不定式短语) He was very happy to see the homeless children taken good care of at the orphanage. 他很高兴看见无家可归的儿童在孤儿院得到很好的照顾。(过去分词短语) 6. 定语 　　定语是用来修饰、限制名词或代词的。一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等充当。 There are three books I reread annually. 有三本书我每年重读一遍。(数词) It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity. 正是这种奇怪的形式使竞走成为如此吸引人的活动。(形容词) While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! 当你在中国时, 黄山是必须去参观的! (动词不定式) 7. 状语 　　状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。一般由副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和从句等充当。 The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science. 研究结果发表在《发展科学》杂志上。(介词短语) I always read, using different voices. 我总是用不同的声音阅读。(现在分词) Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 无论它是什么, 结果都是对中亚最纯粹传统的细致而生动的描述。(状语从句) *Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 筋疲力尽, 我滑到床上, 很快就睡着了。(形容词) 【名师点津】 形容词作状语 形容词作状语一般位于句首或者句末, 用来表示主语或宾语的特征或状态。 The tourists came back, safe and sound. 游客们安然无恙地回来了。 8. 同位语 若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物, 并且语法功能也一样, 那么后一项称为前一项的同位语。 I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Students’ Union. 我是李华, 学生会主席。(名词) I have the confidence that you’ll have a joyful day. 我有信心你会度过快乐的一天。(同位语从句) 真题演练 1.(2012·江苏徐州·中考真题)— Why not __________ John a toy car for his birthday? — Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 2.(2011·江苏连云港·中考真题)－How amazing the noodle is! －Yes, it is __________, and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle. A. 1704-meter-long B. 1704-meters-long C. 1704 meter long D. 1704 meters long 3.(2010·江苏苏州·中考真题)The shop __________ at 8:00 a.m. and it __________ for ten hours every day. A. opens; is open B. is opened; opens C. is open; has opened D. opened; opens 考点二、七种基本句型 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)(SV) SV句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思, 这类动词叫不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Time flies. 时间飞逝。 Most birds can fly. 大部分鸟类都会飞。 2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语(SVA) Chris and Tim work at a zoo. 克里斯和蒂姆在一家动物园工作。 This development did not take place overnight. 这个发展不是一夜之间发生的。 3.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(SVO) SVO句式的句型特点为: 谓语动词均为实义动词, 都是主语发出的动作, 但不能表达完整的意思, 必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当), 即动作的承受者, 才能表达完整的意思。 This can affect your work. 这会影响你的工作。 Little children should not wear masks for a long time. 婴幼儿不应长时间戴口罩。 【名师点津】 SVO句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词, 后面一定要跟介词构成及物动词词组。 *We should often take part in sports and outdoor activities. 我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。 4.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语(SVOA) Andrew Mazoleny is finishing his lunch at the bar. 安德鲁·马佐莱尼正在酒吧吃午饭。 We planted a lot of trees on the farm yesterday. 我们昨天在农场栽了很多树。 5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(SVOO) SVOO句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面, 直接宾语在后面。 I will tell you some details. 我将告诉你一些细节。 It gives us a great feeling of peace. 它给我们一种非常平静的感觉。 【名师点津】常见的接双宾语的及物动词 (1)give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send等后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。 She gave me advice. =She gave advice to me. 她给了我建议。 (2)buy, do, get, fetch, save, make, sing, choose等后的间接宾语可转换为介词for的宾语。 Her father bought her a computer. =Her father bought a computer for her. 她爸爸给她买了台电脑。 (3)ask, answer, take, cost等无法改变结构形式。 This car cost me 2, 000 yuan for the repair. 这次修车花了我两千元。 6.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC) SVOC句式中的动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语, 才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的, 直接跟在宾语之后。 You can make a broom stand upright today. 你今天可以让扫把立起来。 As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject. 作为一名高中生, 我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。 7. 主语+连系动词+表语(SVP) SVP句式就是我们常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样, 谓语动词需用连系动词(主要是be动词), 表语多为形容词, 也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。 My ideal university is Nanjing University. 我的理想大学是南京大学。 As a student in senior high school, the most important task is to study hard. 作为一名高中生, 最重要的任务是努力学习。 真题演练 1.(2016·江苏宿迁·中考真题)The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum” is __________. A. S+V B. S+V+DO C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC 2.(2020·江苏宿迁·中考真题)为了保持健康，我们最好一周运动至少三次。 To keep healthy, we had better exercise __________ three times a week. 一、单项选择 1.(2025·江苏南京·模拟预测)Which of the following sentences has an object complement? A. We found the room empty. B. We found the place easily. C. We found a toy for the boy. D. We found rare birds in the hill. 2. Yancheng High-speed Railway Hub Bus Station has been __________ for about one year. A. in trouble B. in use C. in danger D. in surprise 3. There’s no difference between the two words. So I can’t decide __________. A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what 4. The hard life she is used to __________ her look older than people of her age. A. making B. makes C. be made D. make 5. To our sadness, an old man __________ in a wooden house. Nobody knew when he __________. But when I thought of his __________, I always feel pity. A. was found dead; died; death B. has dead; died; death C. was found dead; death; dying D. has been dead; dying; died 6. 关于句子They were offered something to eat as soon as they arrived at the shelter.,说法正确的是__________. A. offered的发出者是they B. to eat是定语 C. arrive是及物动词，可以接宾语 D. as soon as引导的是定语从句 7. 关于句子“Don’t keep asking what your country can do for you.”描述正确的是__________. A. what引导的是宾语从句 B. 这不是一个句子，因为没有主语 C. asking是谓语动词的形式 D. what是从句中的主语 8. —What do you plan to do on the __________ May Day holiday? —I have no idea. Probably, I will spend it by doing many papers. A. three-day B. three-days C. three days D. three day’s 9. — Why not __________ John a toy car for his birthday? — Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 10. —There __________ a science festival next month in our school. —Really? I believe we can see some interesting robot shows. A. is going to have B. is going to be C. are going to be D. will have 11.(2024·江苏宿迁·三模)What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+O+OC 12.(2024·江苏南京·一模)Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Running is a good way to exercise.”? A. People who run will have a healthier heart. B. Running gives you a chance to enjoy views. C. You can hear the wind blowing while running. D. Starting an exercising habit sounds wonderful. 13. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A. My grandmother always cooks me delicious meals on weekends. B. I saw a boy playing basketball in the playground. C. The speech gives him a chance to express his ideas. D. Mrs Li taught herself English at university. 14.(2023·江苏南京·二模)Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A. Actors are playing different roles on the stage. B. Volunteers often offer children help in poor areas. C. Lucy picked up her sister at the airport the other day. D. I advise him to develop a good habit of going to bed early. 15.(2023·江苏南京·三模)Which of the following sentences has the same sentence structure as “We all made David our monitor.”? A. I bought my sister a present last Thursday. B. We all think Lionel Messi a great footballer. C. My parents offer me everything. D. I wish we all have a bright future. 16.(2023·江苏扬州·一模)The sentence structure of “We call Gaoyou the Stamp Town.” is __________. A. S+V+P B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+O 17.(2023·江苏扬州·一模)— Do you know the sentence structure of “They painted the walls blue”? — Yes, it is __________. A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O 18. “He often makes me laugh.” The structure of this sentence is “__________”. A. S + V + P B. S + V + DO + IO C. S + V + DO + OC D. S+V+IO+DO 19. The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English at school.” is __________. A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+P 20.(2022·江苏扬州·三模)“Foreigners find paper cutting interesting.” This sentence is the same as __________ in structure. A. Paper cutting is a popular folk art in China. B. Paper cuttings add merry atmosphere to the festivals. C. Common designs include animals, flowers and figures cut. D. Masters always bring these designs alive. 21.(2022·江苏无锡·模拟预测)Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure? A. The news sounds terrible to us all. B. No one knew the true history of the vase. C. Millie felt sick after a long bus journey. D. Summer days are getting longer and longer. 22.(2022·江苏扬州·二模)The sentence structure of “People call Gaoyou the Stamp Town. ” is __________. A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O 23.(2022·江苏南京·二模)Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A. Children fly kites happily in spring. B. I like eating ice cream in summer. C. Farmers harvest crops in autumn. D. Everything looks beautiful with snow. 24.(2022·江苏南京·二模)Which of the following has a different sentence structure? A. All the students laughed. B. Peter is swimming in the pool. C. Eddie is watching Hobo work. D. The temperature will drop below zero. 25.(2022·江苏南京·一模)Which of the following sentences has the same sentence structure as “We all made Daniel our monitor.”? A. We all think Daniel a helpful boy. B. We all gave Daniel our support. C. We all like Daniel very much. D. We all believe Daniel is a good monitor. 26.(2022·江苏连云港·一模)Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book.” in pattern(结构)? A. You have a very nice sister. B. The news made me happy. C. They are good at math. D. He likes playing the piano. 27. —Your teammates look __________, boys. What’s going on? —They expected us to win the game, but we lost. A. sad B. sadly C. happy D. happily 28. “__________” has the same structure as “We will make the world a better place for children.” A. Volunteers often offer help in poor areas. B. The farmer is making his son a wooden toy. C. We are now inviting bird lovers to help us count. D. Models wore colourful clothes from different times in the 20th century. 29. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A. I usually call my best friend a bookworm. B. I saw a girl reading books under a big tree. C. Mum told me to stay calm when I lost my way. D. My parents always cook me nice meals on weekends. 30. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure? A. The song sounds exciting. B. Spring is warm and sunny. C. He is watching a talk show. D. Leaves turn brown in autumn. Ⅱ.完成句子 1. 和他同龄的孩子过着幸福的生活, 而他在乌克兰却生活在为生命安全担忧之中。 Children __________ live a happy live while he is living __________ in Ukraine. 2. 自今年一月起，大熊猫丫丫的生活状况一直被我们记挂。 The living condition of the giant panda YaYa since January of this year. 3. 冬天，与北方的天气相比，海南的天气舒服得多。 In winter, the weather in Hainan . 4. 每周一，上学路上交通总是很拥堵。 5. Sandy想成为一名艺术家，拥有属于自己的作品。 6. 如果你要想学好英语，发音非常值得关注。 7. 夏天不允许孩子们独自下河游泳。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·江苏苏州·一模)China has carried out a three-year plan called “Weight Management Year”, 1 we face more challenges in weight management than ever before. With smart technology 2 , it’s easy to spend hours sitting. Many children and adults fight with obesity(肥胖). It may influence appearance and 3 serious health problems. So weight management has become an important 4 of many people’s lives. Cao Liang, a 13-year-old boy, used to enjoy fast food and 5 games. Last year, his doctor 6 him of the problem of being overweight. This made him make up his mind to change. Here is what he did. Step 1: Track (跟踪) Wisely Instead of 7 following online diets, Cao learned to check his BMI (体质指数) by using smart health apps. His doctor told him BMI isn’t perfect, but it is still a helpful tool. Step 2: Move Naturally Cao didn’t go to a gym(健身房). He started with small 8 —taking stairs, walking his dog and doing 15-minute home works. Soon, he found a sport he loved—swimming. Thanks to it, he was no longer a homebody, who spends much time sitting in front of the computer to play video games. Making the sport fun is the key. Step 3: Eat Smart Cao still enjoyed snacks but followed the “80-20 rule”: 80% healthy food like vegetables, and 20%fun food. One of his changes was to replace sugary drinks with water. After six months of sticking to his new lifestyle, Cao lost 8 kg and more importantly, he felt 9 . His story shows weight management is about creating habits that 10 . Remember that small steps today lead to a healthier tomorrow! 1. A. but B. since C. so D. unless 2. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere 3. A. cause B. solve C. remain D. balance 4. A. tool B. symbol C. part D. method 5. A. role-playing B. board C. ball D. video 6. A. suspected B. freed C. warned D. cured 7. A. blindly B. properly C. quietly D. easily 8. A. dreams B. actions C. treats D. chances 9. A. luckier B. stronger C. warmer D. smarter 10. A. repeat B. win C. form D. last 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题18 句子成分和基本句型 目录 第一部分：命题趋向(思维导图+中考命题趋向分析+重点掌握) 第二部分：考点探究(知识点罗列+3年真题演练) 第三部分：素养提升(单项选择+ 完形填空) 1. 思维导图 2. 趋向分析 在2025年的中考中，“句子的基本成分和基本句型”在 2025年的中考中，这一部分内容的命题趋势可能会侧重考查在单项选择和完成句子。 考点一、句子基本成分 1. 主语 　　主语是句子所谈论的主体, 表明句子说的是谁或是什么。它一般放在谓语之前, 通常由名词(名词短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句等担任。 The apple is red. 苹果是红色的。(名词) Seven-tenths of the earth surface is covered with water. 地球表面的十分之七被水覆盖。(数词) He is our teacher. 他是我们的老师。(代词) Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. 回读一本你读过多遍的书, 感觉就像和老朋友一起喝酒一样。(动名词) To harm animals is to harm ourselves. 伤害动物就是伤害我们自己。(动词不定式) What he said is right. 他说的是对的。(主语从句) 2. 谓语 　　谓语是对主语的有关问题加以说明的部分。谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语位于主语之后, 由动词担任。凡是由一个动词或动词词组构成的谓语, 无论处在什么时态、语态、语气下, 都被称为谓语。谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语。 The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. 山脚下的温泉是你爬山之后一定要去尝试的。(简单谓语) Great changes have taken place in China. 中国发生了巨大的变化。(复合谓语) 3. 表语 　　表语是说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的句子成分。它由名词、代词、数词、形容词、动词不定式及短语、副词、介词短语等充当。 It’s easy for you to tell me to keep calm, but you’re not in my position. 你叫我保持冷静当然容易, 那是你没到我这份上。(形容词) The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. 重读的美妙之处在于, 我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的心理状态上的。(过去分词) The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. 夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里竞走, 比马拉松比赛长约5英里。(名词) The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. 大多数演讲的目的都是使听众受益。(不定式) The problem is that no one knows what will happen. 问题是没人知道将会发生什么。(表语从句) 4. 宾语 　　宾语是及物动词所表示的动作的对象, 或是介词所表示的某种联系的对象。宾语放在及物动词的后面。宾语一般由名词、代词、数词、非谓语动词及短语或名词性从句等充当。 Recent studies have found positive effects. 最近的研究发现了积极的影响。(名词) Why do you follow them? 你为什么要跟随他们? (代词) Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. 自我们的双胞胎开始学走路以来, 我和妻子一直告诉他们, 我们家的滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗户。(动名词) 5. 宾语补足语 　　有些及物动词带了宾语后意义仍不够完整, 还需要加上宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的行为、状态、身份或特征等。宾语补足语通常放在宾语之后, 一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词及短语等充当。 Now, I see my children taking their children to the library. 现在, 我看到我的孩子带着他们的孩子去图书馆。(现在分词) He has proved himself an experienced teacher. 他已经证明自己是一名经验丰富的教师。(名词短语) You will find her humorous and easy to get along with. 你会发现她幽默, 且容易相处。(形容词) I can invite my friends to eat doughnuts. 我可以邀请我的朋友们吃甜甜圈。(动词不定式短语) He was very happy to see the homeless children taken good care of at the orphanage. 他很高兴看见无家可归的儿童在孤儿院得到很好的照顾。(过去分词短语) 6. 定语 　　定语是用来修饰、限制名词或代词的。一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等充当。 There are three books I reread annually. 有三本书我每年重读一遍。(数词) It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity. 正是这种奇怪的形式使竞走成为如此吸引人的活动。(形容词) While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! 当你在中国时, 黄山是必须去参观的! (动词不定式) 7. 状语 　　状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。一般由副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和从句等充当。 The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science. 研究结果发表在《发展科学》杂志上。(介词短语) I always read, using different voices. 我总是用不同的声音阅读。(现在分词) Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 无论它是什么, 结果都是对中亚最纯粹传统的细致而生动的描述。(状语从句) *Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 筋疲力尽, 我滑到床上, 很快就睡着了。(形容词) 【名师点津】 形容词作状语 形容词作状语一般位于句首或者句末, 用来表示主语或宾语的特征或状态。 The tourists came back, safe and sound. 游客们安然无恙地回来了。 8. 同位语 若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物, 并且语法功能也一样, 那么后一项称为前一项的同位语。 I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Students’ Union. 我是李华, 学生会主席。(名词) I have the confidence that you’ll have a joyful day. 我有信心你会度过快乐的一天。(同位语从句) 真题演练 1.(2012·江苏徐州·中考真题)— Why not __________ John a toy car for his birthday? — Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 【答案】A 【详解】句意：--为何不给约翰买一个玩具小汽车来作为他的生日礼物呢？--好主意。他对汽车很是痴迷。考查固定句型。“Why not +动词原形”表示征求建议的语气，意为“为何不……？”，A选项符合句子结构，故选A。 2.(2011·江苏连云港·中考真题)－How amazing the noodle is! －Yes, it is __________, and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle. A. 1704-meter-long B. 1704-meters-long C. 1704 meter long D. 1704 meters long 【答案】D 【详解】句意：--多么神奇的面条！--是的，它有1704米长，打破了世界纪录成为最长的手工面条。考查名词短语。 1.“数词+名词(单数)+形容词”构成复合形容词，复合形容词主要用来作定语，并且只作前置定语，例如：an eight- year-old boy/a ten-metre-tall tree；2.数词+名词(单数或复数)+形容词：是名词短语，在句子中做表语，例如，The boy is ten years old。本句做表语，可知填名词短语1704 meters long；故选D。 3.(2010·江苏苏州·中考真题)The shop __________ at 8:00 a.m. and it __________ for ten hours every day. A. opens; is open B. is opened; opens C. is open; has opened D. opened; opens 【答案】A 【详解】句意：商店上午八点钟开门，每天营业10小时。考查动词和形容词的用法。根据“at 8:00 a.m.”可知表示在八点开门，强调动作，“The shop”后接open的第三人称单数形式；再由“for ten hours every day”可知第二空强调营业的状态，用be open表示“开着，营业”，it后接be动词is。故选A。 考点二、七种基本句型 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)(SV) SV句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思, 这类动词叫不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Time flies. 时间飞逝。 Most birds can fly. 大部分鸟类都会飞。 2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语(SVA) Chris and Tim work at a zoo. 克里斯和蒂姆在一家动物园工作。 This development did not take place overnight. 这个发展不是一夜之间发生的。 3.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(SVO) SVO句式的句型特点为: 谓语动词均为实义动词, 都是主语发出的动作, 但不能表达完整的意思, 必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当), 即动作的承受者, 才能表达完整的意思。 This can affect your work. 这会影响你的工作。 Little children should not wear masks for a long time. 婴幼儿不应长时间戴口罩。 【名师点津】 SVO句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词, 后面一定要跟介词构成及物动词词组。 *We should often take part in sports and outdoor activities. 我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。 4.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语(SVOA) Andrew Mazoleny is finishing his lunch at the bar. 安德鲁·马佐莱尼正在酒吧吃午饭。 We planted a lot of trees on the farm yesterday. 我们昨天在农场栽了很多树。 5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(SVOO) SVOO句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面, 直接宾语在后面。 I will tell you some details. 我将告诉你一些细节。 It gives us a great feeling of peace. 它给我们一种非常平静的感觉。 【名师点津】常见的接双宾语的及物动词 (1)give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send等后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。 She gave me advice. =She gave advice to me. 她给了我建议。 (2)buy, do, get, fetch, save, make, sing, choose等后的间接宾语可转换为介词for的宾语。 Her father bought her a computer. =Her father bought a computer for her. 她爸爸给她买了台电脑。 (3)ask, answer, take, cost等无法改变结构形式。 This car cost me 2, 000 yuan for the repair. 这次修车花了我两千元。 6.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC) SVOC句式中的动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语, 才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的, 直接跟在宾语之后。 You can make a broom stand upright today. 你今天可以让扫把立起来。 As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject. 作为一名高中生, 我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。 7. 主语+连系动词+表语(SVP) SVP句式就是我们常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样, 谓语动词需用连系动词(主要是be动词), 表语多为形容词, 也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。 My ideal university is Nanjing University. 我的理想大学是南京大学。 As a student in senior high school, the most important task is to study hard. 作为一名高中生, 最重要的任务是努力学习。 真题演练 1.(2016·江苏宿迁·中考真题)The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum” is __________. A. S+V B. S+V+DO C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：The students visited the museum.这个句子的结构是什么？考查句子结构。分析句子可知，the students是主语；visited是谓语；the museum是宾语。故选B。 2.(2020·江苏宿迁·中考真题)为了保持健康，我们最好一周运动至少三次。 To keep healthy, we had better exercise __________ three times a week. 【答案】at least 【详解】根据语意可知，at least至少，副词性介词短语，在句中作状语。故填at least。 一、单项选择 1.(2025·江苏南京·模拟预测)Which of the following sentences has an object complement? A. We found the room empty. B. We found the place easily. C. We found a toy for the boy. D. We found rare birds in the hill. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下列句子中哪个有宾语补足语？考查句子成分。“We found the room empty.”结构为：主+谓+宾+宾语补足语；“We found the place easily.”结构为：主+谓+宾，其中easily修饰动词；“We found a toy for the boy.”结构为：主+谓+宾+状语；“We found rare birds in the hill.”结构为：主+谓+宾+地点状语。故选A。 2. Yancheng High-speed Railway Hub Bus Station has been __________ for about one year. A. in trouble B. in use C. in danger D. in surprise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：盐城高铁枢纽汽车站已投入使用约一年时间了。考查介词短语。in trouble处于困境中；in use在使用中；in danger在危险中；in surprise惊奇地。根据“Yancheng High-speed Railway Hub Bus Station has been...for about one year.”可知，此处指汽车站在使用中，介词短语作表语。故选B。 3. There’s no difference between the two words. So I can’t decide __________. A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这两个单词没有什么区别。所以我不能决定选哪个。考查特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式。根据“no difference”可知，无法决定选哪一个。“特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式which to choose”作decide的宾语成分。故选B。 4. The hard life she is used to __________ her look older than people of her age. A. making B. makes C. be made D. make 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她过去经历的艰苦生活使她看起来比同龄的人老。考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语是The hard life，句中缺少谓语，排除A选项；主语是不可数名词，动词用三单形式，故选B。 5. To our sadness, an old man __________ in a wooden house. Nobody knew when he __________. But when I thought of his __________, I always feel pity. A. was found dead; died; death B. has dead; died; death C. was found dead; death; dying D. has been dead; dying; died 【答案】A 【详解】句意：令我们悲伤的是，一位老人被发现死在木屋里。没人知道他什么时候死的。但当我想到他的死，我总是感到同情。考查形容词、动词及名词用法。dead死的，形容词；died死，动词；death死亡，名词；dying垂死的，形容词。第一空表示sb. was found +形容词“某人被发现处于某种状态”，故用形容词dead作主语补足语。第二空作谓语，故用动词died。第三空有形容词性物主代词his修饰，故用名词death。故选A。 6. 关于句子They were offered something to eat as soon as they arrived at the shelter.,说法正确的是__________. A. offered的发出者是they B. to eat是定语 C. arrive是及物动词，可以接宾语 D. as soon as引导的是定语从句 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们一到避难所就有人给他们提供了吃的东西。考查句子分析。首先，这个句子是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，定语从句中要有先行词和关系词，很明显该句子不是定语从句，所以D选项错误；其次，句中they是offered的接受者，因为“were offered”属于被动语态的用法，所以A选项错误；arrived at 是固定短语，arrive是不及物动词，需要跟介词搭配使用，才能接宾语，所以C选项错误；排除法，故选B。 【点睛】to eat在句中作定语，修饰前面的不定代词something，意为“吃的东西”。 7. 关于句子“Don’t keep asking what your country can do for you.”描述正确的是__________. A. what引导的是宾语从句 B. 这不是一个句子，因为没有主语 C. asking是谓语动词的形式 D. what是从句中的主语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要一直问你的国家可以问你做什么。考查宾语从句。宾语从句是在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词，介词或复合谓语之后，宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。结构：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。根据句子“Don’t keep asking what your country can do for you.”分析，“Don’t keep asking”是省略了主语you的祈使句，后面的半句“what your country can do for you”是一个完整的句子，做谓语ask的宾语，what既是连接词又作后半句中do的宾语，且这个句子遵循陈述句的语序，综合分析，整个复合句符合宾语从句结构，故选A。 【点睛】判断宾语从句的方法是：第一步，找出连接词；第二步，找出主句中的谓语动词，判断从句在句子中作何成分，若是作宾语，再分析句子结构是否遵循陈述句结构。 8. —What do you plan to do on the __________ May Day holiday? —I have no idea. Probably, I will spend it by doing many papers. A. three-day B. three-days C. three days D. three day’s 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：--你计划在五一三天的假期里做些什么？--我不知道。可能我会做一些论文来度过我的假期。此题考查数词用作定语，故名词用单数形式。根据句意，应选A。 9. — Why not __________ John a toy car for his birthday? — Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 【答案】A 【详解】句意：--为何不给约翰买一个玩具小汽车来作为他的生日礼物呢？--好主意。他对汽车很是痴迷。考查固定句型。“Why not +动词原形”表示征求建议的语气，意为“为何不……？”，A选项符合句子结构，故选A。 10. —There __________ a science festival next month in our school. —Really? I believe we can see some interesting robot shows. A. is going to have B. is going to be C. are going to be D. will have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：--下个月我们学校将举办科学节。--真的吗？我相信我们能看到一些有趣的机器人表演。考查there be句型的一般将来时。is going to have将要有；is going to be将会是；are going to be将会是；will have将会有。根据“next month”可知应为一般将来时；根据“There...a science festival next month in our school.”可知应为there be句型，表示“某地存在某物”；根据空后“a science festival”为名词单数，谓语动词也应为单数；因此此处there be句型的一般将来时应为“there is going to be”。故选B。 11.(2024·江苏宿迁·三模)What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“这道菜闻起来很糟糕”的句型是什么？考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。“The dish”作主语；“smells”是系动词；“terrible”是形容词，作表语。故选C。 12.(2024·江苏南京·一模)Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Running is a good way to exercise.”? A. People who run will have a healthier heart. B. Running gives you a chance to enjoy views. C. You can hear the wind blowing while running. D. Starting an exercising habit sounds wonderful. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子与“Running is a good way to exercise.”结构相同？考查基本句式。People who run will have a healthier heart.主+谓+宾；Running gives you a chance to enjoy views.主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；You can hear the wind blowing while running.主+谓+宾+宾补；Starting an exercising habit sounds wonderful.主+系+表。“Running is a good way to exercise.”也是主系表结构。故选D。 13. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A. My grandmother always cooks me delicious meals on weekends. B. I saw a boy playing basketball in the playground. C. The speech gives him a chance to express his ideas. D. Mrs Li taught herself English at university. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪一句的句子结构与其他三句不同？考查基本句型。My grandmother always cooks me delicious meals on weekends为主谓+双宾语结构；I saw a boy playing basketball in the playground为主谓+宾语+宾补结构；The speech gives him a chance to express his ideas为主谓+双宾语结构；Mrs Li taught herself English at university为主谓+双宾语结构。故选B。 14.(2023·江苏南京·二模)Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A. Actors are playing different roles on the stage. B. Volunteers often offer children help in poor areas. C. Lucy picked up her sister at the airport the other day. D. I advise him to develop a good habit of going to bed early. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子与“Eddie is watching Hobo work.”结构相同？考查句子结构。选项A的句子结构是“主+谓+宾”；选项B的句子结构是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”；选项C的句子结构是“主+谓+宾”；选项D的句子结构是“主+谓+宾+宾补”；“Eddie is watching Hobo work.”的句子结构是“主+谓+宾+宾补”，故选D。 15.(2023·江苏南京·三模)Which of the following sentences has the same sentence structure as “We all made David our monitor.”? A. I bought my sister a present last Thursday. B. We all think Lionel Messi a great footballer. C. My parents offer me everything. D. I wish we all have a bright future. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以下哪句话的句子结构与“我们都让大卫当班长”相同？ 考查基本句型。“We all made David our monitor.”句型是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。“I bought my sister a present last Thursday.”句型是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”；“We all think Lionel Messi a great footballer.”句型是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”；“My parents offer me everything.”句型是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”；“I wish we all have a bright future.”句型是“主语+谓语+宾语从句”，属于复合句。故选B。 16.(2023·江苏扬州·一模)The sentence structure of “We call Gaoyou the Stamp Town.” is __________. A. S+V+P B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+O 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“We call Gaoyou the Stamp Town.”这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语。考查基本句型。We 是主语S，call是谓语动词V；Gaoyou是直接宾语DO；the Stamp Town.是宾语补足语OC。故选C。 17.(2023·江苏扬州·一模)— Do you know the sentence structure of “They painted the walls blue”? — Yes, it is __________. A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O 【答案】A 【详解】句意：--你知道“They painted the walls blue”这个的句子结构吗？--知道，它是“S+V+DO+OC”结构。考查句子结构。分析句子“They painted the walls blue”可知，They为主语，painted为谓语，the walls为宾语，blue为宾语补足语，所以该句的结构为“S+V+DO+OC”，故选A。 18. “He often makes me laugh.” The structure of this sentence is “__________”. A. S + V + P B. S + V + DO + IO C. S + V + DO + OC D. S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“他经常让我发笑。”这句话的结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”。考查句子结构。He“他”，作主语；makes“使，让”，作谓语；me“我”，作宾语；laugh“笑”，作宾补，对宾语“我”补充说明，所以句子结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”。故选C。 19. The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English at school.” is __________. A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“张先生在学校教我们英语”的句子结构是“主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语”。考查句子结构。Mr Zhang作主语，teaches作谓语，us作间接宾语，English作直接宾语，at school作地点状语。故选B。 20.(2022·江苏扬州·三模)“Foreigners find paper cutting interesting.” This sentence is the same as __________ in structure. A. Paper cutting is a popular folk art in China. B. Paper cuttings add merry atmosphere to the festivals. C. Common designs include animals, flowers and figures cut. D. Masters always bring these designs alive. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“外国人觉得剪纸很有趣。”这句话的意思和“大师总是使这些设计栩栩如生”结构一样。考查句子结构。“Foreigners find paper cutting interesting.”的句子结构是“主+谓+宾+宾补”，选项A是“主+系+表”；选项B是“主+谓+双宾语”；选项C是“主+谓+宾”；选项D是“主+谓+宾+宾补”。故选D。 21.(2022·江苏无锡·模拟预测)Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure? A. The news sounds terrible to us all. B. No one knew the true history of the vase. C. Millie felt sick after a long bus journey. D. Summer days are getting longer and longer. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子的句子结构不同？考查句子结构。The news sounds terrible to us all.(这消息听起来很可怕。)主语是The news；sounds为系动词；terrible为表语；No one knew the true history of the vase.(没有人知道这个花瓶的真实历史。)No one为主语；knew为谓语动词；the true history of the vase为宾语；Millie felt sick after a long bus journey.(长途汽车旅行后，米莉感到不舒服。)Millie为主语；felt为系动词；terrible为表语；Summer days are getting longer and longer.(夏天的日子越来越长了。)主语是Summer days；are getting为系动词；longer and longer为表语。结合选项可知， B项与其他选项不同。故选B。 22.(2022·江苏扬州·二模)The sentence structure of “People call Gaoyou the Stamp Town. ” is __________. A. S+V+P B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“人们称高邮为邮票镇”的句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。考查基本句型。people为主语，即S；call为谓语动词，即V；Gaoyou为直接宾语，即DO；the Stamp Town为宾语补足语，即OC，对宾语进行补充说明。故选B。 23.(2022·江苏南京·二模)Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A. Children fly kites happily in spring. B. I like eating ice cream in summer. C. Farmers harvest crops in autumn. D. Everything looks beautiful with snow. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子的句子结构与其他三项不同？考查句子结构。Children fly kites happily in spring(孩子们在春天快乐地放风筝。)Children为主语；fly为谓语动词，kites为宾语，happily为状语；I like eating ice cream in summer(我喜欢在夏天吃冰淇淋。)I为主语；like为谓语动词；eating ice cream为宾语；in summer为状语；Farmers harvest crops in autumn(农民在秋天收割庄稼。)Farmers为主语；harvest为谓语动词；crops为宾语；in autumn为状语；Everything looks beautiful with snow(下雪后一切看起来都很美。)Everything为主语；looks为系动词；beautiful为表语；with snow为状语。结合选项可知，A、B、C三项都是主谓宾状结构，D项为主系表状结构，与其他三项不同。故选D。 24.(2022·江苏南京·二模)Which of the following has a different sentence structure? A. All the students laughed. B. Peter is swimming in the pool. C. Eddie is watching Hobo work. D. The temperature will drop below zero. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子结构不一样？ 考查句子结构。A为S+V(主语+谓语)；B为S+V(主语+谓语)；C为S+V+DO+OC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾补)；D为S+V(主语+谓语)。因此选项C与其他的不一样。故选C。 25.(2022·江苏南京·一模)Which of the following sentences has the same sentence structure as “We all made Daniel our monitor.”? A. We all think Daniel a helpful boy. B. We all gave Daniel our support. C. We all like Daniel very much. D. We all believe Daniel is a good monitor. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子与“我们都让丹尼尔当班长”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。We all think Daniel a helpful boy. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补；We all gave Daniel our support.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；We all like Daniel very much.主语+谓语+宾语；We all believe Daniel is a good monitor.主语+谓语+宾语从句。“We all made Daniel our monitor.”的句子结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”，因此与A结构相同。故选A。 26.(2022·江苏连云港·一模)Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book.” in pattern(结构)? A. You have a very nice sister. B. The news made me happy. C. They are good at math. D. He likes playing the piano. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下面哪个选项在结构上和“我看见他在读一本书”是一样的？考查句子结构。You have a very nice sister你有一个很好的姐姐，“主+谓+宾”结构；The news made me happy这消息使我高兴，是“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构；They are good at math他们擅长数学，“主+系+表”结构；He likes playing the piano他喜欢弹钢琴，“主+谓+宾”结构。题干“I saw him reading a book”表示“我看见他在读一本书”，属于“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构，与选项B结构一致。故选B。 27. —Your teammates look __________, boys. What’s going on? —They expected us to win the game, but we lost. A. sad B. sadly C. happy D. happily 【答案】A 【详解】句意：--你们的队友看起来很伤心，孩子们。发生什么事了？ --他们希望我们赢得比赛，但我们输了。 考查系表结构和形容词词义辨析。sad伤心的，形容词；sadly伤心地，副词；happy高兴的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词。结合句意及句中look可知，空格处所在句子为系表结构，所以这里应用形容词；又根据“They expected us to win the game, but we lost.”可知，此处是指看起来很伤心，故选A。 28. “__________” has the same structure as “We will make the world a better place for children.” A. Volunteers often offer help in poor areas. B. The farmer is making his son a wooden toy. C. We are now inviting bird lovers to help us count. D. Models wore colourful clothes from different times in the 20th century. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“We are now inviting bird lovers to help us count.”和“We will make the world a better place for children.”有同样的句子结构。考查句子结构。A项是主语+谓语+宾语+状语的句子结构；B项是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语的句子结构；C项是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(+宾语+宾语补足语)的句子结构；D项是主语+谓语+宾语+状语的结构。根据“We will make the world a better place for children.”的句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，因此与C项的句子结构一样，故选C。 29. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A. I usually call my best friend a bookworm. B. I saw a girl reading books under a big tree. C. Mum told me to stay calm when I lost my way. D. My parents always cook me nice meals on weekends. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子的句子结构与其他三个句子不同？考查语法结构。A项call sb. sth,是“动词+宾语+宾补”结构；B项see sb. doing sth,是“动词+宾语+宾补”结构； C项tell sb. to do sth,是“动词+宾语+宾补”结构；所以ABC 都有宾语补足语，结构为 S+V+O+OC；而 D 项cook sb. sth.不是宾补，而是“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”的双宾语结构，即S+V+IO+DO 。可知前面三项结构相同，故选D。 30. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure? A. The song sounds exciting. B. Spring is warm and sunny. C. He is watching a talk show. D. Leaves turn brown in autumn. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子的句子结构不同？ 考查句子结构。The song sounds exciting.这首歌听起来很激动人心，句子结构为“主系表”；Spring is warm and sunny.春天是温暖和阳光明媚的，句子结构为“主系表”；He is watching a talk show.他在看脱口秀，句子结构为“主谓宾”；Leaves turn brown in autumn.秋天树叶变黄了，句子结构为“主系表”。综合分析可知，A、B、D都是“主系表”结构，只有C是“主谓宾”结构。故选C。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1. 和他同龄的孩子过着幸福的生活, 而他在乌克兰却生活在为生命安全担忧之中。 Children __________ live a happy live while he is living __________ in Ukraine. 【答案】of his age; in fear of his life 【详解】根据中文提示可知，“和他同龄的”英文表达为of his age，作后置定语修饰“Children”，in fear of “为……担忧”，为固定搭配，“为生命安全担忧”英文表达为in fear of his life。故填of his age；in fear of his life。 2. 自今年一月起，大熊猫丫丫的生活状况一直被我们记挂。 The living condition of the giant panda YaYa since January of this year. 【答案】has been on our mind 【详解】根据语境可知，主语“大熊猫的生活状况”是动作“记挂”的承受者，应用被动态语态，又根据“since”可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，其形式为“have been…”。主语condition为第三人称单数形式，根据主谓一致原则，助动词have的第三人称单数形式为has。be on one’s mind“被……记挂”，one’s的第一人称复数形式为our。故填has been on our mind。 3. 冬天，与北方的天气相比，海南的天气舒服得多。 In winter, the weather in Hainan . 【答案】compared with the weather in the north; is much more comfortable 【详解】根据中英文句子可知此处缺少“与北方的天气相比”和“舒服得多”，compared with“与……相比”，过去分词作状语；the weather in the north“北方的天气”，因此第一个空应填compared with the weather in the north；comfortable“舒服的”，形容词作be动词的表语，二者比较用比较级，much more comfortable“舒服得多”，主语是不可数名词the weather，be动词用is，因此第二个空应填is much more comfortable。故填compared with the weather in the north；is much more comfortable。 4. 每周一，上学路上交通总是很拥堵。 【答案】There is always much/lots of/a lot of/ heavy/busy traffic on the way to school every Monday/on Mondays./The traffic is always heavy/ busy on the way to school every Monday/on Mondays. 【详解】there is“有”，句首首字母大写，always“总是”，much/ lots of/a lot of/ heavy/busy traffic“交通拥堵；繁忙的交通”，on the way to school“上学路上”，every Monday/on Mondays“每周一”；或者the traffic“交通”，句首首字母大写，is“是”，always“总是”，heavy“大量的”/ busy“繁忙的”，on the way to school“上学路上”，every Monday/on Mondays“每周一”。故填There is always much/lots of/a lot of/ heavy/busy traffic on the way to school every Monday/on Mondays./The traffic is always heavy/ busy on the way to school every Monday/on Mondays. 5. Sandy想成为一名艺术家，拥有属于自己的作品。 【答案】Sandy wants to be an artist and have her own works. 【详解】主语：Sandy；想成为：want to be；一名艺术家：an artist；拥有自己的作品：have her own works；结合语境，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，此时动词want应用三单形式wants。故填Sandy wants to be an artist and have her own works. 6. 如果你要想学好英语，发音非常值得关注。 【答案】If you want to learn English well, pronunciation is well worth paying attention to. 【详解】if“如果”，句首首字母大写；you“你”；want to“要想”，固定词组，后接动词原形；learn English well“学好英语”；pronunciation“发音”；be“是”，时态为一般现在时，所以此处应用is；well worth paying attention to“非常值得关注”。故填If you want to learn English well, pronunciation is well worth paying attention to. 7. 夏天不允许孩子们独自下河游泳。 【答案】Children aren’t allowed to swim alone in the river in summer. 【详解】夏天：summer，此处用in summer作状语；孩子们：children，作主语；允许：allow，谓语，且主语与谓语之间存在被动关系，用被动语态be done，本句话用一般现在时，主语为children，用are allowed to；游泳：swim；独自：alone；下河：in the river，作状语。否定句，在be动词后加not即可。故填Children aren’t allowed to swim alone in the river in summer. Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·江苏苏州·一模)China has carried out a three-year plan called “Weight Management Year”, 1 we face more challenges in weight management than ever before. With smart technology 2 , it’s easy to spend hours sitting. Many children and adults fight with obesity(肥胖). It may influence appearance and 3 serious health problems. So weight management has become an important 4 of many people’s lives. Cao Liang, a 13-year-old boy, used to enjoy fast food and 5 games. Last year, his doctor 6 him of the problem of being overweight. This made him make up his mind to change. Here is what he did. Step 1: Track (跟踪) Wisely Instead of 7 following online diets, Cao learned to check his BMI (体质指数) by using smart health apps. His doctor told him BMI isn’t perfect, but it is still a helpful tool. Step 2: Move Naturally Cao didn’t go to a gym(健身房). He started with small 8 —taking stairs, walking his dog and doing 15-minute home works. Soon, he found a sport he loved—swimming. Thanks to it, he was no longer a homebody, who spends much time sitting in front of the computer to play video games. Making the sport fun is the key. Step 3: Eat Smart Cao still enjoyed snacks but followed the “80-20 rule”: 80% healthy food like vegetables, and 20%fun food. One of his changes was to replace sugary drinks with water. After six months of sticking to his new lifestyle, Cao lost 8 kg and more importantly, he felt 9 . His story shows weight management is about creating habits that 10 . Remember that small steps today lead to a healthier tomorrow! 1. A. but B. since C. so D. unless 2. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere 3. A. cause B. solve C. remain D. balance 4. A. tool B. symbol C. part D. method 5. A. role-playing B. board C. ball D. video 6. A. suspected B. freed C. warned D. cured 7. A. blindly B. properly C. quietly D. easily 8. A. dreams B. actions C. treats D. chances 9. A. luckier B. stronger C. warmer D. smarter 10. A. repeat B. win C. form D. last 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国实施“体重管理年”计划的背景，以及13岁男孩曹亮通过科学方法成功管理体重的经历，强调了健康习惯的重要性。 1. 句意：中国实施了一项名为“体重管理年”的三年计划，因为我们在体重管理方面面临着比以往任何时候都多的挑战。but但是；since因为；so因此；unless除非。根据“...we face more challenges in weight management than ever before”可知，空格前后是因果关系，属于前果后因，所以用Since连接。故选B。 2. 句意： 随着智能技术无处不在，坐上几个小时是很容易的。somewhere某处；anywhere任何地方；nowhere无处；everywhere到处。根据“easy to spend hours sitting”可知，技术普及导致久坐，everywhere符合语境。故选D。 3. 句意： 它可能会影响外观并导致严重的健康问题。cause引起，导致；solve解决；remain保持；balance平衡。根据“...serious health problems”可知，肥胖会“导致”健康问题。故选A。 4. 句意： 因此，体重管理已成为许多人生活的重要部分。tool工具；symbol象征；part部分；method方法。根据“...important…of lives”可知，此处强调体重管理已成为人们生活中的“组成部分”。故选C。 5. 句意： 13岁的男孩曹亮过去喜欢快餐和电子游戏。role-playing角色扮演；board板；ball球类；video视频的。根据后文“play video games”可知是电子游戏，video games“电子游戏”。故选D。 6. 句意： 去年，医生提醒他超重的问题。suspected怀疑；freed释放；warned提醒，警告；cured治愈。根据“...problem of being overweight”可知，医生是“提醒”患者健康问题。故选C。 7. 句意： 曹并没有盲目地跟随网上的减肥食谱，而是学会了使用智能健康应用来检查自己的身体质量指数。blindly盲目地；properly恰当地；quietly安静地；easily容易地。根据“Instead of”和后文“Cao learned to check his BMI (体质指数) by using smart health apps”科学方法对比可知。此处强调“盲目”跟随。故选A。 8. 句意： 他从小事做起——爬楼梯，遛狗，做15分钟的家庭作业。dreams梦想；actions行动；treats款待；chances机会。根据“taking stairs, walking…”可知，这些是指具体“行动”。故选B。 9. 句意： 在坚持了六个月的新生活方式后，曹减掉了8公斤，更重要的是，他感觉到更强壮了。luckier更幸运的；stronger更强壮的；warmer更温暖的；smarter更聪明的。根据“After six months of sticking to his new lifestyle, Cao lost 8 kg”可知，健康改善的结果应是“更强壮”了。故选B。 10. 句意： 他的故事告诉我们，体重管理就是要养成持久的习惯。repeat重复；win获胜；form形成；last持续。根据“After six months of sticking to his new lifestyle”和“creating habits”可知，习惯需“持久”。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$