2025年中考英语二轮复习知识点清单(3)数词核心考点全梳理+易错点避坑指南

2025-05-06
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(3)数词——中考英语知识清单 一、数词的基本分类 基数词(Cardinal Numbers) 表示数量:one, two, three... 特殊形式: 11~19:eleven, twelve, thirteen... 20~90整十数:twenty, thirty, forty, fifty...(注意拼写:forty ✅,不是fourty ❌) 21~99:twenty-one, thirty-two...(中间加连字符) 百、千、百万:a hundred, a thousand, a million(具体数字不加s,如two hundred ✅)。 序数词(Ordinal Numbers) 表示顺序:first (1st), second (2nd), third (3rd)... 规则变化: 一般加-th:four → fourth, six → sixth 特殊变化: five → fifth, eight → eighth, nine → ninth, twelve → twelfth 复合序数词:twenty-one → twenty-first(仅最后一位变序数)。 二、基数词与序数词的用法 基数词 表示数量:I have three apples. 表年龄:He is ten years old. 表时间:It’s seven o’clock. 表编号:Room 305(读作Room three o five)。 序数词 表顺序:This is my first time to Beijing. 表日期:October 1st(读作October the first)。 表楼层:the fifth floor. 固定搭配: the + 序数词:the first prize ✅ 不加冠词:win first place ✅(不用the)。 三、时间与日期的表达 时间 整点:7:00 → seven o’clock 半点:7:30 → half past seven 或 seven thirty 一刻钟:7:15 → a quarter past seven 或 seven fifteen 差几分:7:45 → a quarter to eight 或 seven forty-five 日期 月份首字母大写:January, February... 日期用序数词:May 1st(读作May the first) 年份读法:2023 → twenty twenty-three 介词搭配: in 年份/月份:in 2025, in July on 具体某天:on May 1st 四、分数、小数与百分数 分数 分子用基数词,分母用序数词(分子>1时,分母加s): 1/3 → one third 2/5 → two fifths 1/2 → a half(特殊表达) 1/4 → a quarter 小数 小数点读作“point”:3.14 → three point one four 百分数 符号%读作“percent”:50% → fifty percent 用法: 作主语时,谓语单复数取决于后面名词: 60% of the students are... ✅ 60% of the water is... ✅ 五、数词的特殊用法 算式表达 加法:3 + 4 = 7 → Three plus four is seven. 减法:9 - 5 = 4 → Nine minus five is four. 乘法:6 × 2 = 12 → Six times two is twelve. 除法:8 ÷ 2 = 4 → Eight divided by two is four. 倍数表达 A是B的N倍: A is three times as large as B. A is three times larger than B.(注意:英语中“three times larger”=原数的3倍,即总大小为4倍,但中考一般按3倍理解) 年龄与年代 年龄范围:in one’s + 复数基数词(in his thirties,表示30多岁)。 年代:the 1990s → the nineteen nineties(读作the nineteen nineties)。 编号表达 房间号:Room 201 → Room two o one 页码:Page 8 → Page eight 电话号码:555-1234 → five five five, one two three four 六、高频考点与易错题突破 序数词前是否加the 一般加the:He is the first to arrive. 不加the的情况: 表示“又一个”:He tried a second time. 固定短语:at first sight, win first prize. 分数主谓一致 分数/百分数+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词与名词一致: Two-thirds of the work is done. Two-thirds of the students are here. 时间介词陷阱 正确搭配: at 7:00, on Monday, in July. 易错:on the morning of May 1st ✅(具体日期前用on)。 年龄表达混淆 正确:He is 15 years old. ✅ 错误:He is 15-year-old. ❌(作表语时不用连字符)。 七、实战避坑指南 拼写易错词 forty(40)✅ vs. fourty ❌ ninth(9th)✅ vs. nineth ❌ twelfth(12th)✅ vs. twelveth ❌ 序数词前冠词遗漏 错误:He won first prize. ❌(正确:He won the first prize. ✅) 分数作主语的单复数 错误:Two-thirds of the water are polluted. ❌(正确:Two-thirds of the water is polluted. ✅) 年代与编号表达 错误:in 1990s ❌(正确:in the 1990s ✅) 错误:Room 201th ❌(正确:Room 201 ✅) 八、复习建议 整理易错点:重点记忆序数词不规则变化、分数表达、时间介词搭配。 强化语境训练:通过真题练习区分基数词与序数词的使用场景。 口诀速记: 基变序有规律,一二三特殊记; 八去t,九去e,ve变f加th; 遇到整十y变ie,再加th莫忘记! 真题演练: ( ) About ___ of the students in our class were born in ___. A. three fifths; 1990s B. three fifth; the 1990s C. three fifths; the 1990s D. three fifth; 1990s 答案:C(分子大于1,分母用复数;年代前加the)。 总结:数词考点重在细节,拼写、搭配、主谓一致是提分关键! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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2025年中考英语二轮复习知识点清单(3)数词核心考点全梳理+易错点避坑指南
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2025年中考英语二轮复习知识点清单(3)数词核心考点全梳理+易错点避坑指南
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2025年中考英语二轮复习知识点清单(3)数词核心考点全梳理+易错点避坑指南
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