专题四 高频考点词类4 名词-【步步高·大二轮专题复习】2025年高考英语复习讲义课件(课件PPT+word教案)

语法填空 专题四 名词 高频考点词类4 明考向 巧解题 高考语法填空对于名词的考查主要是动词、形容词变为名词，名词变为复数、名词的所有格 1.判断填名词的依据 若空格前有冠词或形容词性物主代词，则应考虑填名词；若空格在谓语动词前作主语，或在及物动词/介词后作宾语，也需要考虑填名词。 2.名词变为复数 若提示词是可数名词单数，分析句子成分仍用名词，则考虑名词复数； 空前有数词、these、those、several、all、both、various等修饰可数名词或空前有one of时用名词复数； 谓语动词是复数形式，则作主语的名词用复数形式。 3.名词的所有格 若提示词和其后的名词之间是所属关系，应考虑名词所有格：单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加’s；以-s或-es结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加’。 解法1 如何判断名词 典例剖析 语境猜词： ① house(转)n.→v.__________ 收藏，安置 语境猜词： ② weighty(派)＝weight＋y_________ adj.严重的 答案　1.engineering　2.richness　3.visibility　4.completion　5.arrival　6.warning 温馨提示 动词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 -tion/-sion celebrate→celebration庆祝；庆祝活动　conclude→conclusion结论；结束　admit→admission承认；准许进入 -er/-or announce→announcer广播员　conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 -ment achieve→achievement功绩；成就　argue→argument辩论；论据(注意去掉e) 后缀 例词 -ance/-ence appear→appearance出现；外貌　exist→existence存在；生活方式　prefer→preference偏爱 -ure fail→failure失败；倒闭　press→pressure压力 -ing hear→hearing听力；听觉　begin→beginning开端 -y recover→recovery恢复；痊愈　discover→discovery发现 其他 choose→choice选择　vary→variety多样化；种类　tend→ tendency趋向；趋势 形容词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 -age short→shortage不足；短缺 -cy efficient→efficiency效率；功效　fluent→fluency流利；流畅　accurate→accuracy准确性　private→privacy隐私；私密 -dom free→freedom自由　wise→wisdom明智；智慧 -ce different→difference差异　silent→silence沉默 -ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点　kind→kindness仁慈　careless→ carelessness粗心大意 -th warm→warmth温暖　wide→width宽度 -ty safe→safety安全　cruel→cruelty残忍，残酷　honest→honesty诚实　difficult→difficulty困难 1.(2024·湖北二模)In ____________(recognize) of his contributions，Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award. 即时演练 考查名词。介词In后用recognition作宾语，构成固定短语in recognition of“为了表彰/认可……”。故填recognition。 recognition 2.(2024·山东济南一模)Later，he also produced teaching videos，published books，and released albums，significantly boosting the instrument’s ____________(popular). 考查名词。分析句子可知，空处作boosting的宾语，且被定冠词the和名词所有格instrument’s修饰，应用名词，popular的名词形式popularity是不可数名词。故填popularity。 popularity 3.(2024·山东济宁二模)The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo，once struggling to sustain its ____________(survive)，has undergone a remarkable turnaround. 考查名词。分析句子可知，空处作动词sustain的宾语，且空前有形容词性物主代词its，所以空格处应该填survive的名词形式survival，不可数。故填survival。 survival 4.(2024·安徽池州二模)The saying “All roads lead to Xianyang” may not be widely known，but it is the ____________(true) in history. 考查名词。前面有定冠词the，所以用名词truth作表语，为不可数名词，故填truth。 truth 5.(2024·福建福州三模)The awards not only attract public attention and give scientific research more ____________(expose). 考查名词。本空作动词give的直接宾语，应用名词exposure，不可数。故填exposure。 exposure 6.(2024·陕西宝鸡三模)As the tea ____________(distribute) and trade center of the ancient Tea Horse Road，Pu’er City is recognized as the origin of the renowned Pu’er tea and tea culture. 考查名词。根据连词and可知，空处与名词trade是并列关系，作定语修饰名词center，用名词形式distribution；distribution and trade center“集散和贸易中心”。故填distribution。 distribution 解法2 如何判断名词复数形式 典例剖析 答案　1.themes　2.interviews　3.events　4.humans　5.ideas 技法归纳 1.(2024·浙江台州二模)She made many creative and bold ____________ (adaptation) to the traditional figurines，like using machines to paint the clothes. 即时演练 考查名词复数。空处作made的宾语，adaptation在此意为“改编本”，为可数名词，根据前文的many可知，用复数形式。故填adaptations。 adaptations 2.(2024·江苏二模)Ancient Chinese ____________(philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. 考查名词复数。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据后文的have可知，主语用复数形式。故填philosophies。 philosophies 3.(2024·河南濮阳二模)For a group birthday party this year，Wong and her friends decided to dress up in the ancient Chinese clothes and get their ____________(photo) taken. 考查名词复数。photo“照片”为可数名词，根据前面的代词their可知，此处需用复数表示泛指。故填photos。 photos 4.(2024·湖南永州三模)Those in Dazhai are important ________________ (representative) of Longji terracing，a well-known type of terrace that can be found all over the county. 考查名词复数。此处作表语，主语Those是复数，故应用可数名词的复数形式，故填representatives。 representatives 5.(2024·山东日照二模)From cupping to personalized herbal treatment，she encourages others to explore the diverse and useful ______________ (approach) that Chinese traditional medicine has to offer. 考查名词复数。根据句意，并结合空前的diverse可知，此处表示多个方法，用复数approaches作宾语。故填approaches。 approaches 6.(2024·湖南岳阳三模)Horse-face skirt，also known as “horse-faced pleated(有褶的) skirt”，is one of the main skirt ____________(style) of ancient Chinese women. 考查名词复数。根据前文one of可知，空处应用名词复数形式。故填styles。 styles 解法3 如何判断名词所有格形式 典例剖析 答案　1.son’s　2.person’s 技法归纳 1.(2024·山东泰安三模)Free or paid，each stamp serves as a representation of the ____________(visitor) presence at that specific location，becoming a cherished part of their memories. 即时演练 考查名词所有格。分析句意，此处表示“每枚印章代表这名游客到过某地”，visitor和presence是所属关系，所以应用名词所有格。故填visitor’s。 visitor’s 2.(2024·湖南怀化三模)After about an ________(hour) drive from Guilin city，a cruiser will then take you to Yangshuo，a beautiful ancient city，to start a wonderful journey. 考查名词所有格。根据句意，表示“一个小时的车程”，空处用所有格形式hour’s。故填hour’s。 hour’s 3.(2024·福建宁德三模)The changing of facial make-ups and colors reflects a ____________(character) mood—red representing anger and black extreme fury. 考查名词所有格。空处修饰名词mood，表示“一名角色的情绪”，应用名词所有格。故填character’s。 character’s 本课结束 THANKS $$ 高频考点词类4　名词 明考向 巧解题 高考语法填空对于名词的考查主要是动词、形容词变为名词，名词变为复数、名词的所有格 1.判断填名词的依据 若空格前有冠词或形容词性物主代词，则应考虑填名词；若空格在谓语动词前作主语，或在及物动词/介词后作宾语，也需要考虑填名词。 2.名词变为复数 若提示词是可数名词单数，分析句子成分仍用名词，则考虑名词复数； 空前有数词、these、those、several、all、both、various等修饰可数名词或空前有one of时用名词复数； 谓语动词是复数形式，则作主语的名词用复数形式。 3.名词的所有格 若提示词和其后的名词之间是所属关系，应考虑名词所有格：单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加’s；以-s或-es结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加’。 　　　 如何判断名词 典例剖析 语境猜词：①house(转)n.→v.收藏，安置 语境猜词：②weighty(派)＝weight＋y adj.严重的 温馨提示 动词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 -tion/-sion celebrate→celebration庆祝；庆祝活动　conclude→conclusion结论；结束　admit→admission承认；准许进入 -er/-or announce→announcer广播员　conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 -ment achieve→achievement功绩；成就　argue→argument辩论；论据(注意去掉e) -ance/-ence appear→appearance出现；外貌　exist→existence存在；生活方式　prefer→preference偏爱 -ure fail→failure失败；倒闭　press→pressure压力 -ing hear→hearing听力；听觉　begin→beginning开端 -y recover→recovery恢复；痊愈　discover→discovery发现 其他 choose→choice选择　vary→variety多样化；种类　tend→tendency趋向；趋势 形容词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 -age short→shortage不足；短缺 -cy efficient→efficiency效率；功效　fluent→fluency流利；流畅　accurate→accuracy准确性　private→privacy隐私；私密 -dom free→freedom自由　wise→wisdom明智；智慧 -ce different→difference差异　silent→silence沉默 -ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点　kind→kindness仁慈　careless→carelessness粗心大意 -th warm→warmth温暖　wide→width宽度 -ty safe→safety安全　cruel→cruelty残忍，残酷　honest→honesty诚实　difficult→difficulty困难 即时演练 1．(2024·湖北二模)In ____________(recognize) of his contributions，Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award. 答案　recognition 解析　考查名词。介词In后用recognition作宾语，构成固定短语in recognition of“为了表彰/认可……”。故填recognition。 2．(2024·山东济南一模)Later，he also produced teaching videos，published books，and released albums，significantly boosting the instrument’s ____________(popular)． 答案　popularity 解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，空处作boosting的宾语，且被定冠词the和名词所有格instrument’s修饰，应用名词，popular的名词形式popularity是不可数名词。故填popularity。 3．(2024·山东济宁二模)The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo，once struggling to sustain its ____________(survive)，has undergone a remarkable turnaround. 答案　survival 解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，空处作动词sustain的宾语，且空前有形容词性物主代词its，所以空格处应该填survive的名词形式survival，不可数。故填survival。 4．(2024·安徽池州二模)The saying “All roads lead to Xianyang” may not be widely known，but it is the ____________(true) in history. 答案　truth 解析　考查名词。前面有定冠词the，所以用名词truth作表语，为不可数名词，故填truth。 5．(2024·福建福州三模)The awards not only attract public attention and give scientific research more ____________(expose)． 答案　exposure 解析　考查名词。本空作动词give的直接宾语，应用名词exposure，不可数。故填exposure。 6．(2024·陕西宝鸡三模)As the tea ____________(distribute) and trade center of the ancient Tea Horse Road，Pu’er City is recognized as the origin of the renowned Pu’er tea and tea culture. 答案　distribution 解析　考查名词。根据连词and可知，空处与名词trade是并列关系，作定语修饰名词center，用名词形式distribution；distribution and trade center“集散和贸易中心”。故填distribution。 　　　 如何判断名词复数形式 典例剖析 技法归纳 即时演练 1．(2024·浙江台州二模)She made many creative and bold ____________(adaptation) to the traditional figurines，like using machines to paint the clothes. 答案　adaptations 解析　考查名词复数。空处作made的宾语，adaptation在此意为“改编本”，为可数名词，根据前文的many可知，用复数形式。故填adaptations。 2．(2024·江苏二模)Ancient Chinese ____________(philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. 答案　philosophies 解析　考查名词复数。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据后文的have可知，主语用复数形式。故填philosophies。 3．(2024·河南濮阳二模)For a group birthday party this year，Wong and her friends decided to dress up in the ancient Chinese clothes and get their ____________(photo) taken. 答案　photos 解析　考查名词复数。photo“照片”为可数名词，根据前面的代词their可知，此处需用复数表示泛指。故填photos。 4．(2024·湖南永州三模)Those in Dazhai are important ____________(representative) of Longji terracing，a well-known type of terrace that can be found all over the county. 答案　representatives 解析　考查名词复数。此处作表语，主语Those是复数，故应用可数名词的复数形式，故填representatives。 5．(2024·山东日照二模)From cupping to personalized herbal treatment，she encourages others to explore the diverse and useful ____________(approach) that Chinese traditional medicine has to offer. 答案　approaches 解析　考查名词复数。根据句意，并结合空前的diverse可知，此处表示多个方法，用复数approaches作宾语。故填approaches。 6．(2024·湖南岳阳三模)Horse-face skirt，also known as “horse-faced pleated(有褶的) skirt”，is one of the main skirt ____________(style) of ancient Chinese women. 答案　styles 解析　考查名词复数。根据前文one of可知，空处应用名词复数形式。故填styles。 　　　 如何判断名词所有格形式 典例剖析 技法归纳 即时演练 1．(2024·山东泰安三模)Free or paid，each stamp serves as a representation of the ____________(visitor) presence at that specific location，becoming a cherished part of their memories. 答案　visitor’s 解析　考查名词所有格。分析句意，此处表示“每枚印章代表这名游客到过某地”，visitor和presence是所属关系，所以应用名词所有格。故填visitor’s。 2．(2024·湖南怀化三模)After about an ________(hour) drive from Guilin city，a cruiser will then take you to Yangshuo，a beautiful ancient city，to start a wonderful journey. 答案　hour’s 解析　考查名词所有格。根据句意，表示“一个小时的车程”，空处用所有格形式hour’s。故填hour’s。 3．(2024·福建宁德三模)The changing of facial make-ups and colors reflects a ____________(character) mood—red representing anger and black extreme fury. 答案　character’s 解析　考查名词所有格。空处修饰名词mood，表示“一名角色的情绪”，应用名词所有格。故填character’s。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$